中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语一轮复习 定语从句
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.(2025春 深圳校级期末)The big oak tree, branches provide cool shade,is where we have lunch on hot afternoons.( )
A.who B.whose C.which D.that
2.(2025春 和平区校级期末) My eldest son, work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.( )
A.that B.whose C.his D.who
3.(2025春 河东区月考)Our class has sixty students,most of study hard.( )
A.them B.whom C.that D.who
4.(2025 宝坻区模拟)The businesswoman, innovative business model revolutionized e﹣commerce,announced her retirement yesterday.( )
A.whom B.whose C.which D.who
5.(2025 黄石模拟)A scientist's attempt to produce the world's first gene﹣edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.( )
A.as B.who C.whom D.whose
6.(2025 河西区校级模拟)The park, paths are lined with old trees,is a favorite jogging spot for the residents.( )
A.whose B.where C.which D.when
7.(2025 黄石模拟)There are lots of examples of English idioms animals are used.( )
A.which B.when C.whose D.where
8.(2025 武清区校级模拟)I walk through the doors into the waiting area, people sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs,looking through old magazines.( )
A.which B.where C.that D.when
9.(2025 滨海新区校级三模)The number of extra﹣curricular activities and teachers ________ my interest _________increasing.( )
A.which arouse;are B.who arouses;is
C.that arouses;are D.that arouse;is
10.(2025 津南区校级模拟)Nowadays,there still exist a lot of challenges faced by some developing countries, the greatest is hunger.( )
A.of which B.by which
C.to which D.with which
11.(2025春 天津期末)I couldn't find my glasses,______I have trouble seeing anything clearly.( )
A.by which B.with which
C.without which D.in which
12.(2025春 广州期末)____is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month.( )
A.It B.As C.That D.What
13.(2025春 天津期末)The teacher always tells us,"Knowledge is power," encourages us to keep learning and expanding our horizons.( )
A.who B.where C.as D.which
14.(2025春 南开区期末) We all believe that people________ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy this exhibition.( )
A.what B.whose C.who D.which
15.(2025春 滨海新区期末) Singapore's Art Science Museum showed the connection between nature and the city environment it sits.( )
A.which B.where C.what D.how
16.(2025春 河北区期末)The company launched a new product last month, has become a bestseller in the market.( )
A.that B.where C.which D.when
17.(2025春 红桥区校级期末)A person e﹣mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e﹣mails.( )
A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoever
18.(2025春 天津校级月考)People __________ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore's Art Science Museum.( )
A.who B.which C.whom D.whose
19.(2025春 和平区校级期末)This is exactly the first complaint from our customers, we can understand you have met much inconvenience in satisfying your users.( )
A.from which B.to which
C.by which D.with which
20.(2024秋 海珠区校级期末)The house, door often stays open until late at night,works as a home for the guards,some of are from the countryside.( )
A.whose;whom B.which;whom
C.whose;them D.where;them
高考英语一轮复习 定语从句
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.(2025春 深圳校级期末)The big oak tree, branches provide cool shade,is where we have lunch on hot afternoons.( )
A.who B.whose C.which D.that
【答案】B
【分析】大橡树的树枝提供阴凉,我们在炎热的下午在那里吃午饭。
【解答】分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词The big oak tree在从句中作branches的定语成分,形成所属关系,所以用关系代词whose引导。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
2.(2025春 和平区校级期末) My eldest son, work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.( )
A.that B.whose C.his D.who
【答案】B
【分析】我的最大儿子,他的工作带他去全世界,现在在纽约。
【解答】本句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是my eldest son,根据句意和空后名词,确定引导词作定语,在定语从句中只有引导词whose修饰名词作定语,意为"……的"。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
3.(2025春 河东区月考)Our class has sixty students,most of study hard.( )
A.them B.whom C.that D.who
【答案】B
【分析】我们班有六十名学生,他们中的大多数学习都很努力。
【解答】此处为"介词+which/whom"引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词sixty students指的是人,所以此处使用关系代词whom。
故选:B。
【点评】介词+关系代词的定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要结构,主要用于修饰和限定某个名词或代词,以提供更加详细的信息。其基本结构为"介词+关系代词(which/whom)",其中介词用于指明关系代词与先行词之间的关系,而关系代词则代替先行词在从句中充当成分。
4.(2025 宝坻区模拟)The businesswoman, innovative business model revolutionized e﹣commerce,announced her retirement yesterday.( )
A.whom B.whose C.which D.who
【答案】B
【分析】这位女商人昨天宣布退休,她的创新商业模式彻底改变了电子商务。
【解答】考查定语从句。此处应用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是businesswoman,关系词在从句中作定语。
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查定语从句的关系词,做此类题目时一定要仔细分析每一个选项的含义从而选择正确的答案。
5.(2025 黄石模拟)A scientist's attempt to produce the world's first gene﹣edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.( )
A.as B.who C.whom D.whose
【答案】B
【分析】一位科学家试图生产出世界上第一个免疫艾滋病的基因编辑婴儿,这在学术界和公众中引起了争议.
【解答】本题考查定语从句.根据句意和结构可知这句话使用定语从句,先行词是 the world's first gene﹣edited babies ,指人,定语从句缺少主语用who引导定语从句.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查定语从句的用法,首先根据句意判断出先行词是什么,指人还是指物,时间还是地点,再分析从句缺少什么成分,缺主宾表,用关系代词,缺状语用关系副词.
6.(2025 河西区校级模拟)The park, paths are lined with old trees,is a favorite jogging spot for the residents.( )
A.whose B.where C.which D.when
【答案】A
【分析】公园的小径两旁是古树,是居民们最喜欢的慢跑场所。
【解答】空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词park和paths之间是所属关系,因此空格处用whose引导定语从句。
故选:A。
【点评】非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,在句子中不充当成分,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,它与主句往往用逗号隔开。whose引导非限制性定语从句,具体用法如下:指人:whose在从句中作定语,可修饰名词或代词,通常是指人的。指物:whose也可指物,在从句中作定语,修饰名词。
7.(2025 黄石模拟)There are lots of examples of English idioms animals are used.( )
A.which B.when C.whose D.where
【答案】D
【分析】有很多英语习语的例子都用到了动物。
【解答】分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句,先行词idioms在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导从句。
故选:D。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
8.(2025 武清区校级模拟)I walk through the doors into the waiting area, people sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs,looking through old magazines.( )
A.which B.where C.that D.when
【答案】B
【分析】我穿过门进入等候区,在那里人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上,翻看旧杂志。
【解答】空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词the waiting area,在定语从句中作地点状语,需用关系副词where引导从句。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
9.(2025 滨海新区校级三模)The number of extra﹣curricular activities and teachers ________ my interest _________increasing.( )
A.which arouse;are B.who arouses;is
C.that arouses;are D.that arouse;is
【答案】D
【分析】我感兴趣的课外活动和激发我兴趣的教师的数量正在增加。
【解答】考查定语从句以及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,第一空为定语从句的引导词以及定语从句的谓语动词,该定语从句修饰先行词extra﹣curricular activities and teachers。先行词在定语从句中作主语,句子为一般现在时态,所以谓语动词用复数形式。当先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that引导;第二空为主句的谓语动词。the number of+n意为"……的数量",作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,句子为一般现在时态。
故选:D。
【点评】考查定语从句关键把握正确的关系词,学生要有扎实的语法知识基础,分析句子,选择正确的关系词。
10.(2025 津南区校级模拟)Nowadays,there still exist a lot of challenges faced by some developing countries, the greatest is hunger.( )
A.of which B.by which
C.to which D.with which
【答案】A
【分析】目前,一些发展中国家仍然面临着许多挑战,其中最大的挑战是饥饿。
【解答】分析句子结构可知,此空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是challenges,指物,且根据句意可知,此处表示"挑战中最大的一个",即the greatest of the challenges,应用介词of+关系代词which来引导定语从句。
故选:A。
【点评】首先判断从句的类型,确定是否需要使用介词+关系词引导,选用介词要根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)来确定。介词+关系词引导的定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后,起到补充说明的作用。
11.(2025春 天津期末)I couldn't find my glasses,______I have trouble seeing anything clearly.( )
A.by which B.with which
C.without which D.in which
【答案】C
【分析】我找不到我的眼镜了,没有它我看不清东西。
【解答】题目中,主句提到"I couldn't find my glasses(我找不到眼镜)",从句表示"(没有眼镜)我看不清东西"。需填入一个引导非限制性定语从句的介词+关系代词结构,体现"没有眼镜"这一条件。选项C通过"without which"准确表达"没有眼镜"的因果关系,与上下文完全契合。
故选:C。
【点评】选择定语从句中的关系词,首先要理解各关系词的用法;然后找准先行词,将先行词带入到定语从句;最后根据先行词在定语从句中的作用判断关系词。
12.(2025春 广州期末)____is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month.( )
A.It B.As C.That D.What
【答案】B
【分析】众所周知,月亮每月绕地球旋转一周.
【解答】答案是B.考查定语从句,本题考查as引导的非限制性定语从句,as指代主句the moon travels round the earth once every month的句意内容,as在定语从句中做主语置于句首。
故选:B。
【点评】宾语从句属于名词性从句中的一种,也是学生们需要掌握的一种基本的英语句型,引导名词性从句的连接词选择是考试的重点,学会分析从句的句子成分是解决名词性从句的解题关键.
13.(2025春 天津期末)The teacher always tells us,"Knowledge is power," encourages us to keep learning and expanding our horizons.( )
A.who B.where C.as D.which
【答案】D
【分析】老师总是告诉我们"知识就是力量",这激励我们持续学习并拓宽视野。
【解答】此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是Knowledge is power,此处应用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作encourages的主语。表示知识就是力量这句话激励我们持续学习并拓宽视野。
故选:D。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句的引导词,弄清楚各个引导词的含义然后结合语境选择正确答案。
14.(2025春 南开区期末) We all believe that people________ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy this exhibition.( )
A.what B.whose C.who D.which
【答案】B
【分析】我们都相信,那些对探索艺术与科学之间关系感兴趣的人会喜欢这个展览。
【解答】分析句子结构可知,此处为关系词引导的定语从句,从句中缺少定语,修饰先行词people,且先行词与interest之间为所属关系,表示"……的",所以此处使用关系代词whose引导。
故选:B。
【点评】解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别,再联系句意进行判断,从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型,要分析句子结构,理解句意,考虑语境,选择恰当词。切忌:粗心大意,惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证,得出答案。
15.(2025春 滨海新区期末) Singapore's Art Science Museum showed the connection between nature and the city environment it sits.( )
A.which B.where C.what D.how
【答案】B
【分析】新加坡的艺术科学博物馆展示了其所处自然环境与城市环境之间的关联。
【解答】此处是限制性定语从句,先行词是the city environment(城市环境 ),此处应用关系副词where引导定语从句,在从句中充当地点状语,表示它坐落的地方。故选:B。
【点评】本题考查定语从句,做此类题目时一定要仔细分析每一个选项的含义从而选择正确的答案。
16.(2025春 河北区期末)The company launched a new product last month, has become a bestseller in the market.( )
A.that B.where C.which D.when
【答案】C
【分析】该公司上个月推出了一款新产品,该产品已成为市场上的畅销品。
【解答】分析句子,此处为定语从句,修饰a new product,指物,在从句中作主语,应用which引导。
故选:C。
【点评】做题时,分析句子结构,结合句意和选项选择合适的选项。
17.(2025春 红桥区校级期末)A person e﹣mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e﹣mails.( )
A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoever
【答案】C
【分析】电子邮件帐户已满的人将无法发送或接收任何电子邮件。
【解答】分析句子可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为A person,在从句中作e﹣mail account的定语,故用whose来引导。
故选:C。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
18.(2025春 天津校级月考)People __________ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore's Art Science Museum.( )
A.who B.which C.whom D.whose
【答案】D
【分析】有兴趣探索艺术与科学关系的人将参观新加坡艺术科学博物馆。
【解答】考查定语从句。interest is exploring the relationship between art and science是定语从句,先行词是People,做定语,和interest是所属关系,故用关系代词whose。
故选:D。
【点评】考查定语从句关键把握正确的关系词,学生要有扎实的语法知识基础,分析句子,选择正确的关系词。
19.(2025春 和平区校级期末)This is exactly the first complaint from our customers, we can understand you have met much inconvenience in satisfying your users.( )
A.from which B.to which
C.by which D.with which
【答案】A
【分析】这正是我们客户的第一次投诉,从投诉中我们可以理解您在满足用户需求方面遇到了很多不便.
【解答】答案:A.根据句意和结构可知这句话使用定语从句,先行词是the first complaint ,定语从句中缺少from the complaint,用from which引导定语从句.故选A.
【点评】本题考查定语从句的用法,首先根据句意判断出先行词是什么,指人还是指物,时间还是地点,再分析从句缺少什么成分,缺主宾表,用关系代词,缺状语用关系副词.
20.(2024秋 海珠区校级期末)The house, door often stays open until late at night,works as a home for the guards,some of are from the countryside.( )
A.whose;whom B.which;whom
C.whose;them D.where;them
【答案】A
【分析】房子的大门经常开到深夜,这座房子是看守员的家,其中一些人是从乡下来的。
【解答】第一空中,定语从句的先行词为The house,与后面的door是从属关系,用关系代词whose;第二空是非限制性定语从句中的"部分+of+整体"的结构,先行词guards为人,所以用关系代词表人的宾格形式whom。
故选:A。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
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