Unit1 People of Achievement单元测试卷（2019）-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit1 People of Achievement单元测试卷（2019）-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-26 16:27:26 | ||
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2025-2026学年高二上学期人教版英语选择性必修一
单元测试卷（Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT）
（时间：120分钟 满分：120分）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
A
Johannes Gutenberg
Johannes Gutenberg, born around the year 1400 in Germany, is widely regarded as the inventor of the modern printing press. Before about 1450, most books were written or copied by hand. This made them extremely time-consuming to produce and expensive to buy. But in 1455 Gutenberg developed a machine which could print multiple copies of the same book. Gutenberg did not achieve financial success as a result of his breakthrough, but his invention helped to spread knowledge across Europe and was a major factor in the Renaissance.
Louis Braille
Born in France in 1809, Louis Braille became blind at the age of three after an accident in his father’s workshop. When he was ten, he earned a place at a special school for blind children in Paris. In 1821, Charles Barbiera, a former soldier, visited the school and talked about a code that he’d invented allowed soldiers to share information on the battlefield without speaking. Impressed by this idea, Louis worked on his own code to help the blind read. The code that Louis invented has become standard throughout the world.
Samuel Morse
Samuel Morse, born in 1791 in Massachusetts, the USA, started his career not as an inventor but as an artist. He had great artistic talent and soon became well-known for his portraits, but he also had a passion for new technology. In 1832, while travelling home by sea from Europe, he overheard a conversation about electromagnetism, and this gave him the idea for a new form of communication — the electric telegraph. Although other inventors had developed similar machine, Morse’s machine worked better and he applied for and got the patent in 1837.
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell, a pioneer in the field of telecommunications, was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. Perhaps because of his mother’s hearing problems, Bell had a particular interest in the education of deaf people. This led him to invent the microphone. Bell was not the only inventor working in this field, but his lawyer managed to secure the all-important patent which gave Bell ownership of the idea.
( ) 1. According to the passage, what do the four people have in common
A. All of them had several failures before their success.
B. All of them had a miserable life at the beginning.
C. All of them are pioneers in their own areas.
D. All of them made a big fortune in life.
( ) 2. ________ had another career before starting to invent.
A. Johannes Gutenberg B. Samuel Morse
C. Louis Braille D. Alexander Graham Bell
( ) 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. Louis Braille was inspired by a military invention.
B. Johannes Gutenberg had a difficult time during his education.
C. Samuel Morse helped to educate people in many countries.
D. Alexander Graham Bell suffered a terrible injury at a young age.
B
As you walk around the UK in March, you might notice that some people are wearing a daffodil (水仙花) on their coats. The British wear these yellow flowers to show they support one of this country’s best-known charities: the Marie Curie Cancer Care.
The Marie Curie Cancer Care tries to ensure everyone diagnosed with cancer is cared for in the best possible way. It also helps fund research into possible cures through other organisations. Founded in 1948, it has been continuing with its goal ever since.
The charity was named after Marie Curie, a renowned scientist. She experimented with newly-discovered elements to create the theory of radioactivity. Unfortunately, over-exposure to the radioactive elements made her develop a disease and die in 1934. Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize in two different fields. Because of her pioneering work which led to chemotherapy (化学疗法), the charity shared the name of Marie Curie.
The daffodil is one of the first plants to flower during spring in the UK, which marks the return of flowering plants to the ecosystem after winter. Because of this, the charity uses the daffodil as a metaphor for bringing life to other people through charitable giving.
Everyone you see wearing a daffodil has donated money to the charity, but each daffodil is worth only what you want to pay for it. The charity does ask that you stick to a minimum amount of ￡1.
The charity encourages people to start wearing their daffodils at the start of March, when the “Great Daffodil Appeal” kicks off. But that doesn’t mean you can only wear them in March. People are sometimes seen walking around with daffodils on their clothes all year round.
( ) 4. What does it mean when the British wear a daffodil on their coats
A. They support a charity.
B. They are recovering from cancer.
C. They’ve been helped by a charity.
D. They’ve been diagnosed with cancer.
( ) 5. What does the underlined word “renowned” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Beautiful. B. Modest.
C. Famous. D. Humorous.
( ) 6. Why was the charity named after Marie Curie
A. Because patients required that.
B. Because it was launched by her.
C. Because she greatly supported it.
D. Because it could show respect for her.
( ) 7. What can we learn about the daffodil from the text
A. It can be used as medicine.
B. It’s thought to stand for hope.
C. It’s widely worn worldwide.
D. It’s sold to the wearers at a high price.
C
Eight scientists were awarded the 2023 Future Science Prize, also called “China’s Nobel Prize”, the first Chinese non-governmental science award jointly initiated by groups of scientists and entrepreneurs (企业家). Since the establishment in 2016, a total of 35 scientists have been awarded the Future Science Prize so far.
Chai Jijie and Zhou Jianmin received the Future Science Prize in life sciences for the discovery of resistosomes (抗原小体) and explanations of their molecular structures and functions in plant immune responses against pathogens (病原体). Understanding of resistosome functions will lead to better methods for controlling plant disease and therefore have enormous importance for global food security.
Chai said that he felt extremely honoured, excited and happy via a video call at the press conference. He emphasised that this recognition was not only for himself but also for the team’s years of hard work. “My cooperation with Professor Zhou has lasted for nearly 20 years. Our partnership has been productive and enjoyable, and I believe our cooperation will carry on,” he said.
During the video call, Zhou remarked that the Future Science Prize is grounded in the national context. It is heartening to see that the prize places greater emphasis on supporting agriculture.
Zhao Zhongxian and Chen Xianhui received the Future Science Prize in physical sciences for their influential breakthroughs in the discovery of high-temperature superconducting materials and systematic advancements in elevating the transition temperature. Notably, both Zhao and Chen conducted systematic studies to show the underlying physical mechanisms of high-Tc materials, positioning themselves at the forefront of superconductor research for several years.
He Kaiming, Sun Jian, Ren Shaoqing, Zhang Xiangyu received the Future Science Prize in mathematics and computer science, for their extraordinary contributions to artificial intelligence by introducing deep residual learning (深度残差学习).
The 2023 Future Science Prize Week and the Award Ceremony were held in Hong Kong, China from October 14 to 17.
( ) 8. For what were the eight scientists awarded
A. Their never-ending pursuit of knowledge.
B. Their long-term partnership in researches.
C. Their remarkable contributions to science.
D. Their intense efforts to overcome barriers.
( ) 9. What contributes to their discovery according to Chai
A. Vision. B. Passion. C. Ambition. D. Cooperation.
( ) 10. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 indicate
A. Their discovery is ground-breaking.
B. Zhao and Chen have a long way to go.
C. Research is certain to be rewarded.
D. The real value cannot be overestimated.
( ) 11. What is the writing purpose of the passage
A. To appeal to many more people to innovate.
B. To reveal the recipe for eight scientists’ great success.
C. To encourage us to be committed to science.
D. To introduce the 2023 Future Science Prize.
D
Shanya Gill, a 12-year-old student from California, won the top award in the Society for Science’s annual middle school competition for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, according to a press release from the organization.
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood, reported The Washington Post. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors, and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics and saw how common fires are, Shanya decided that she was going to do something about it. She spent more than a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could prevent the fire. That’s because smoke detectors sense active fires from the smoke in the air, while Shanya’s thermal imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
Her complex system has two parts, a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer. The device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message alert.
Creating the prototype (原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the coding. “I had two designs, and the final device succeeded because it outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy.” Shanya wants to bring the costs down to $60 to make it even more affordable than hardwired smoke detectors.
“Shanya saw a problem and tried hard to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people,” said Ajmera, president and CEO of Society for Science. Her remarkable research not only reflects her talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.
( ) 12. What inspired Shanya to design the fire detection system
A. A neighbor’s burnt kitchen.
B. A report on The Washington Post.
C. A terrible restaurant experience.
D. A horrible fire in her community.
( ) 13. What is an advantage of Shanya’s invention
A. It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
B. It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
C. It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D. It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
( ) 14. Why did the final device succeed
A. Because it was fast and precise.
B. Because it was cheap and simple.
C. Because it was complex and unique.
D. Because it was affordable and convenient.
( ) 15. What may Ajmera agree
A. Teenagers are the architect of the future.
B. A problem is a chance to bring out the best.
C. The thirst for knowledge is a never-ending one.
D. The best way to predict the future is to create it.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-disciplined people are not all outstanding people. 16 Some of them read every day. Some of them never run late. The real difference between an elite person and an ordinary person is that an elite person can manage his or her time well. 17
What people call self-discipline is in fact self-management. One example is staying fit. Never underestimate someone who is in good shape. Anyone who has ever tried to lose weight knows that it’s not easy. 18 If someone is in good shape，it shows that he/she knows the principles of staying fit and is able to stick to a plan that uses these principles.
If someone is in good shape, it means that this person is good at managing themselves and their time.
19 It also shows that this person is able to keep persevering and can balance long-term goals with short-term goals. So if someone is in good shape，he or she is more than just healthy.
20 First of all, set a goal and write down your reasons for wanting to achieve it. Create a list of all the things you need to do to achieve this goal and start to work on them one at a time. With self-discipline, small things in life will no longer trouble you. Only through self-discipline can you truly own your future.
A. How do you learn self-management B. That’s where their success comes from. C. This skill gives you the power to stick to your decisions. D. But nearly all outstanding people are self-disciplined people. E. Whether it is natural or acquired, it is a great skill. F. It’s even harder to avoid putting weight back on. G. Self-discipline means self-control, which is a sign of inner strength.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the mid-20th century, boys could study technical subjects while girls were expected not. However, Bell Burnell’s parents challenged these 21 , which enabled her to study science. Bell Burnell knew before leaving school that she wanted to be a radio astronomer. That 22 led her to go to the University of Glasgow, where she was the only 23 in her class. After graduation, Bell Burnell went to Cambridge University, where she yet again had to prove that she 24 .
Her first project, working with her thesis supervisor (论文导师) Hewish, was 25 certain objects called quasars. It was 26 to have a female student on this project. Bell Burnell herself has said that the only other females 27 were secretaries. At this stage, it was she who 28 the telescope and analyzed the data.
One day, checking on the data, Bell Burnell saw a signal that she couldn’t 29 . To understand what it was, she ended up bringing this 30 to Hewish, who said it was interference. He thought that Bell Burnell had wired up the radio telescope 31 and that is why the new signal had appeared. However, she saw the signal again afterwards. 32 , she tried to reach Hewish. Once he 33 the pulse with his own eyes, he knew it wasn’t interference, and a new research project began. But with just one pulse, it was hard to have a(n) 34 discovery.
A couple of days later, Bell Burnell was in her study, and she saw something 35 to the first pulse, and thus 2 pulsars were discovered.
( ) 21. A. theories B. subjects C. lessons D. policies
( ) 22. A. wish B. condition C. plan D. design
( ) 23. A. failure B. student C. female D. scientist
( ) 24. A. studied B. belonged C. worked D. graduated
( ) 25. A. turning off B. picking out C. shooting down D. clearing away
( ) 26. A. unnecessary B. impossible C. illegal D. unusual
( ) 27. A. present B. alive C. abroad D. responsible
( ) 28. A. broke B. cleaned C. ran D. saw
( ) 29. A. explain B. store C. copy D. recycle
( ) 30. A. signal B. question C. task D. news
( ) 31. A. wisely B. secretly C. wrongly D. frequently
( ) 32. A. Surprised B. Disappointed C. Ashamed D. Touched
( ) 33. A. checked out B. came across C. cast light on D. caught sight of
( ) 34. A. puzzling B. amusing C. convincing D. lasting
( ) 35. A. familiar B. similar C. open D. important
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During my teenage years, I developed a deep love for ballet. I would volunteer at a local dance school 36. 。was next to my home. It was a great chance for me to be part of the dance community.
One day, there was a debate 37. the preferred style of ballet among the teachers. Some preferred the traditional ballet, while others were more interested in 38. (explore) modern movements. I found the content of 39. (they) discussions interesting.
In order to contribute to the dance world, I decided to open my own ballet school and make it
40. (attract). I worked hard to clean up 41. old building and turn it into a beautiful studio. The greenhouse nearby 42. (provide) a perfect space for practice and warm-up exercises.
Creating a suitable environment for learning and dancing was important to me. I wanted my students to feel interested. 43. (actual), one of my main challenges was coming up with creative ideas for each class. I wanted each topic to ignite (激发) curiosity and 44. (excite).
I was excited when my first group of freshman dancers joined the school. It was easy for them
45. (mix) up the dance steps at first, but with practice, they became more fluent in the movements than before.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom想要你给他介绍一位你最喜欢的伟大女性。请你根据下面的要点提示，用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括：
1．她的基本信息（年龄、教育、成就等）；
2．你喜欢她的原因；
3．大家对她的评价。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．信件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
From your last letter, I know you want to know who is the great woman I like most.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I approached my fortieth birthday, I realised that my life was quite meaningless in the larger scheme of things. I had friends and a loving husband and yet something was missing. With no children, I felt that I hadn’t done anything that would help mankind or change the world. I would have no legacy to leave.
One day I was watching TV and I thought of my desire. It was to be someone who mattered. I wanted to make a difference in the lives of people and in the lives of animals. After all, dogs had always been a large part of my life, from the time when I was a little girl growing up in central Oklahoma. I thought that my “purpose” would somehow include my love of singing, writing, travel, and of course, working with animals.
Then, something happened that shook my entire core. The “love of my life” dog, my Nicholas, was diagnosed with terminal cancer. He died thirteen months later. I became quite concerned for Bear, our remaining dog, who was six years old. Bear had been Nicholas’s shadow and now that Nicholas was gone, Bear wouldn’t even eat. Our vet suggested that we get another dog to see if that would encourage Bear to eat.
I found an online advertisement for a Bichon Frise (比熊犬) and when we arrived at the place, it was a nightmare, like one of those puppy mills (工厂) you read about or see on the television news. I decided to delay my search for my “purpose” as I needed to tell the world about the horror I had discovered right in my own backyard.
I had even a bigger fight ahead of me than Nicholas’s cancer. This was a fight that would take years. I did research and then I spread the word on the Internet. People began to listen and we formed a small group of Bichon Frise lovers called Small Paws Rescue.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
I started out sending the latest news on our rescue efforts to about twenty-five people. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My achievement made me reflect on the past. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C B A A C D B C D A
11 12 13 14 15
D D B A B
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
16 17 18 19 20
D B F E A
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
D A C B B D A C A B
31 32 33 34 35
C A D C B
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
36. which/that 37. about 38. exploring 39. their 40. attractive
41. an 42. provided 43. Actually 44. excitement 45. to mix
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
【One possible version】
Dear Tom,
From your last letter, I know you want to know who is the great woman I like most. My favourite is Marie Curie, a renowned physicist and chemist. Born in 1871, she was a pioneer in radioactivity research and the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, receiving it twice in her lifetime.
I admire Marie for her groundbreaking contributions to science despite the significant challenges she faced as a woman in her era. What inspires me greatly is her dedication and perseverance.
Many people regard her as a symbol of tenacity and intelligence, and she has certainly earned a prominent place in the history of science.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
【One possible version】
I started out sending the latest news on our rescue efforts to about twenty-five people. Within a few months we had grown to a group of several hundred people. Some had Bichons and some had other breeds of dogs. A few years passed and my rescue stories were being read by more than six thousand people in twenty-eight different countries. National media outlets began asking me to do interviews and film episodes for Animal Planet.
My achievement made me reflect on the past. Yes, losing Nicholas was part of this journey. If I hadn’t lost Nicholas, I wouldn’t have found myself involved in this magnificent obsession called Small Paws Rescue, along with some of the finest people anywhere. Now my days are filled with helping people and animals. In the past thirteen years, Small Paws Rescue has rescued more than 8,000 dogs and has made a difference in the lives of thousands of people, too.
单元测试卷（Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT）
（时间：120分钟 满分：120分）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
A
Johannes Gutenberg
Johannes Gutenberg, born around the year 1400 in Germany, is widely regarded as the inventor of the modern printing press. Before about 1450, most books were written or copied by hand. This made them extremely time-consuming to produce and expensive to buy. But in 1455 Gutenberg developed a machine which could print multiple copies of the same book. Gutenberg did not achieve financial success as a result of his breakthrough, but his invention helped to spread knowledge across Europe and was a major factor in the Renaissance.
Louis Braille
Born in France in 1809, Louis Braille became blind at the age of three after an accident in his father’s workshop. When he was ten, he earned a place at a special school for blind children in Paris. In 1821, Charles Barbiera, a former soldier, visited the school and talked about a code that he’d invented allowed soldiers to share information on the battlefield without speaking. Impressed by this idea, Louis worked on his own code to help the blind read. The code that Louis invented has become standard throughout the world.
Samuel Morse
Samuel Morse, born in 1791 in Massachusetts, the USA, started his career not as an inventor but as an artist. He had great artistic talent and soon became well-known for his portraits, but he also had a passion for new technology. In 1832, while travelling home by sea from Europe, he overheard a conversation about electromagnetism, and this gave him the idea for a new form of communication — the electric telegraph. Although other inventors had developed similar machine, Morse’s machine worked better and he applied for and got the patent in 1837.
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell, a pioneer in the field of telecommunications, was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. Perhaps because of his mother’s hearing problems, Bell had a particular interest in the education of deaf people. This led him to invent the microphone. Bell was not the only inventor working in this field, but his lawyer managed to secure the all-important patent which gave Bell ownership of the idea.
( ) 1. According to the passage, what do the four people have in common
A. All of them had several failures before their success.
B. All of them had a miserable life at the beginning.
C. All of them are pioneers in their own areas.
D. All of them made a big fortune in life.
( ) 2. ________ had another career before starting to invent.
A. Johannes Gutenberg B. Samuel Morse
C. Louis Braille D. Alexander Graham Bell
( ) 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. Louis Braille was inspired by a military invention.
B. Johannes Gutenberg had a difficult time during his education.
C. Samuel Morse helped to educate people in many countries.
D. Alexander Graham Bell suffered a terrible injury at a young age.
B
As you walk around the UK in March, you might notice that some people are wearing a daffodil (水仙花) on their coats. The British wear these yellow flowers to show they support one of this country’s best-known charities: the Marie Curie Cancer Care.
The Marie Curie Cancer Care tries to ensure everyone diagnosed with cancer is cared for in the best possible way. It also helps fund research into possible cures through other organisations. Founded in 1948, it has been continuing with its goal ever since.
The charity was named after Marie Curie, a renowned scientist. She experimented with newly-discovered elements to create the theory of radioactivity. Unfortunately, over-exposure to the radioactive elements made her develop a disease and die in 1934. Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize in two different fields. Because of her pioneering work which led to chemotherapy (化学疗法), the charity shared the name of Marie Curie.
The daffodil is one of the first plants to flower during spring in the UK, which marks the return of flowering plants to the ecosystem after winter. Because of this, the charity uses the daffodil as a metaphor for bringing life to other people through charitable giving.
Everyone you see wearing a daffodil has donated money to the charity, but each daffodil is worth only what you want to pay for it. The charity does ask that you stick to a minimum amount of ￡1.
The charity encourages people to start wearing their daffodils at the start of March, when the “Great Daffodil Appeal” kicks off. But that doesn’t mean you can only wear them in March. People are sometimes seen walking around with daffodils on their clothes all year round.
( ) 4. What does it mean when the British wear a daffodil on their coats
A. They support a charity.
B. They are recovering from cancer.
C. They’ve been helped by a charity.
D. They’ve been diagnosed with cancer.
( ) 5. What does the underlined word “renowned” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Beautiful. B. Modest.
C. Famous. D. Humorous.
( ) 6. Why was the charity named after Marie Curie
A. Because patients required that.
B. Because it was launched by her.
C. Because she greatly supported it.
D. Because it could show respect for her.
( ) 7. What can we learn about the daffodil from the text
A. It can be used as medicine.
B. It’s thought to stand for hope.
C. It’s widely worn worldwide.
D. It’s sold to the wearers at a high price.
C
Eight scientists were awarded the 2023 Future Science Prize, also called “China’s Nobel Prize”, the first Chinese non-governmental science award jointly initiated by groups of scientists and entrepreneurs (企业家). Since the establishment in 2016, a total of 35 scientists have been awarded the Future Science Prize so far.
Chai Jijie and Zhou Jianmin received the Future Science Prize in life sciences for the discovery of resistosomes (抗原小体) and explanations of their molecular structures and functions in plant immune responses against pathogens (病原体). Understanding of resistosome functions will lead to better methods for controlling plant disease and therefore have enormous importance for global food security.
Chai said that he felt extremely honoured, excited and happy via a video call at the press conference. He emphasised that this recognition was not only for himself but also for the team’s years of hard work. “My cooperation with Professor Zhou has lasted for nearly 20 years. Our partnership has been productive and enjoyable, and I believe our cooperation will carry on,” he said.
During the video call, Zhou remarked that the Future Science Prize is grounded in the national context. It is heartening to see that the prize places greater emphasis on supporting agriculture.
Zhao Zhongxian and Chen Xianhui received the Future Science Prize in physical sciences for their influential breakthroughs in the discovery of high-temperature superconducting materials and systematic advancements in elevating the transition temperature. Notably, both Zhao and Chen conducted systematic studies to show the underlying physical mechanisms of high-Tc materials, positioning themselves at the forefront of superconductor research for several years.
He Kaiming, Sun Jian, Ren Shaoqing, Zhang Xiangyu received the Future Science Prize in mathematics and computer science, for their extraordinary contributions to artificial intelligence by introducing deep residual learning (深度残差学习).
The 2023 Future Science Prize Week and the Award Ceremony were held in Hong Kong, China from October 14 to 17.
( ) 8. For what were the eight scientists awarded
A. Their never-ending pursuit of knowledge.
B. Their long-term partnership in researches.
C. Their remarkable contributions to science.
D. Their intense efforts to overcome barriers.
( ) 9. What contributes to their discovery according to Chai
A. Vision. B. Passion. C. Ambition. D. Cooperation.
( ) 10. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 indicate
A. Their discovery is ground-breaking.
B. Zhao and Chen have a long way to go.
C. Research is certain to be rewarded.
D. The real value cannot be overestimated.
( ) 11. What is the writing purpose of the passage
A. To appeal to many more people to innovate.
B. To reveal the recipe for eight scientists’ great success.
C. To encourage us to be committed to science.
D. To introduce the 2023 Future Science Prize.
D
Shanya Gill, a 12-year-old student from California, won the top award in the Society for Science’s annual middle school competition for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, according to a press release from the organization.
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood, reported The Washington Post. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors, and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics and saw how common fires are, Shanya decided that she was going to do something about it. She spent more than a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could prevent the fire. That’s because smoke detectors sense active fires from the smoke in the air, while Shanya’s thermal imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
Her complex system has two parts, a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer. The device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message alert.
Creating the prototype (原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the coding. “I had two designs, and the final device succeeded because it outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy.” Shanya wants to bring the costs down to $60 to make it even more affordable than hardwired smoke detectors.
“Shanya saw a problem and tried hard to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people,” said Ajmera, president and CEO of Society for Science. Her remarkable research not only reflects her talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.
( ) 12. What inspired Shanya to design the fire detection system
A. A neighbor’s burnt kitchen.
B. A report on The Washington Post.
C. A terrible restaurant experience.
D. A horrible fire in her community.
( ) 13. What is an advantage of Shanya’s invention
A. It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
B. It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
C. It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D. It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
( ) 14. Why did the final device succeed
A. Because it was fast and precise.
B. Because it was cheap and simple.
C. Because it was complex and unique.
D. Because it was affordable and convenient.
( ) 15. What may Ajmera agree
A. Teenagers are the architect of the future.
B. A problem is a chance to bring out the best.
C. The thirst for knowledge is a never-ending one.
D. The best way to predict the future is to create it.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-disciplined people are not all outstanding people. 16 Some of them read every day. Some of them never run late. The real difference between an elite person and an ordinary person is that an elite person can manage his or her time well. 17
What people call self-discipline is in fact self-management. One example is staying fit. Never underestimate someone who is in good shape. Anyone who has ever tried to lose weight knows that it’s not easy. 18 If someone is in good shape，it shows that he/she knows the principles of staying fit and is able to stick to a plan that uses these principles.
If someone is in good shape, it means that this person is good at managing themselves and their time.
19 It also shows that this person is able to keep persevering and can balance long-term goals with short-term goals. So if someone is in good shape，he or she is more than just healthy.
20 First of all, set a goal and write down your reasons for wanting to achieve it. Create a list of all the things you need to do to achieve this goal and start to work on them one at a time. With self-discipline, small things in life will no longer trouble you. Only through self-discipline can you truly own your future.
A. How do you learn self-management B. That’s where their success comes from. C. This skill gives you the power to stick to your decisions. D. But nearly all outstanding people are self-disciplined people. E. Whether it is natural or acquired, it is a great skill. F. It’s even harder to avoid putting weight back on. G. Self-discipline means self-control, which is a sign of inner strength.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the mid-20th century, boys could study technical subjects while girls were expected not. However, Bell Burnell’s parents challenged these 21 , which enabled her to study science. Bell Burnell knew before leaving school that she wanted to be a radio astronomer. That 22 led her to go to the University of Glasgow, where she was the only 23 in her class. After graduation, Bell Burnell went to Cambridge University, where she yet again had to prove that she 24 .
Her first project, working with her thesis supervisor (论文导师) Hewish, was 25 certain objects called quasars. It was 26 to have a female student on this project. Bell Burnell herself has said that the only other females 27 were secretaries. At this stage, it was she who 28 the telescope and analyzed the data.
One day, checking on the data, Bell Burnell saw a signal that she couldn’t 29 . To understand what it was, she ended up bringing this 30 to Hewish, who said it was interference. He thought that Bell Burnell had wired up the radio telescope 31 and that is why the new signal had appeared. However, she saw the signal again afterwards. 32 , she tried to reach Hewish. Once he 33 the pulse with his own eyes, he knew it wasn’t interference, and a new research project began. But with just one pulse, it was hard to have a(n) 34 discovery.
A couple of days later, Bell Burnell was in her study, and she saw something 35 to the first pulse, and thus 2 pulsars were discovered.
( ) 21. A. theories B. subjects C. lessons D. policies
( ) 22. A. wish B. condition C. plan D. design
( ) 23. A. failure B. student C. female D. scientist
( ) 24. A. studied B. belonged C. worked D. graduated
( ) 25. A. turning off B. picking out C. shooting down D. clearing away
( ) 26. A. unnecessary B. impossible C. illegal D. unusual
( ) 27. A. present B. alive C. abroad D. responsible
( ) 28. A. broke B. cleaned C. ran D. saw
( ) 29. A. explain B. store C. copy D. recycle
( ) 30. A. signal B. question C. task D. news
( ) 31. A. wisely B. secretly C. wrongly D. frequently
( ) 32. A. Surprised B. Disappointed C. Ashamed D. Touched
( ) 33. A. checked out B. came across C. cast light on D. caught sight of
( ) 34. A. puzzling B. amusing C. convincing D. lasting
( ) 35. A. familiar B. similar C. open D. important
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During my teenage years, I developed a deep love for ballet. I would volunteer at a local dance school 36. 。was next to my home. It was a great chance for me to be part of the dance community.
One day, there was a debate 37. the preferred style of ballet among the teachers. Some preferred the traditional ballet, while others were more interested in 38. (explore) modern movements. I found the content of 39. (they) discussions interesting.
In order to contribute to the dance world, I decided to open my own ballet school and make it
40. (attract). I worked hard to clean up 41. old building and turn it into a beautiful studio. The greenhouse nearby 42. (provide) a perfect space for practice and warm-up exercises.
Creating a suitable environment for learning and dancing was important to me. I wanted my students to feel interested. 43. (actual), one of my main challenges was coming up with creative ideas for each class. I wanted each topic to ignite (激发) curiosity and 44. (excite).
I was excited when my first group of freshman dancers joined the school. It was easy for them
45. (mix) up the dance steps at first, but with practice, they became more fluent in the movements than before.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom想要你给他介绍一位你最喜欢的伟大女性。请你根据下面的要点提示，用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括：
1．她的基本信息（年龄、教育、成就等）；
2．你喜欢她的原因；
3．大家对她的评价。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．信件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
From your last letter, I know you want to know who is the great woman I like most.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I approached my fortieth birthday, I realised that my life was quite meaningless in the larger scheme of things. I had friends and a loving husband and yet something was missing. With no children, I felt that I hadn’t done anything that would help mankind or change the world. I would have no legacy to leave.
One day I was watching TV and I thought of my desire. It was to be someone who mattered. I wanted to make a difference in the lives of people and in the lives of animals. After all, dogs had always been a large part of my life, from the time when I was a little girl growing up in central Oklahoma. I thought that my “purpose” would somehow include my love of singing, writing, travel, and of course, working with animals.
Then, something happened that shook my entire core. The “love of my life” dog, my Nicholas, was diagnosed with terminal cancer. He died thirteen months later. I became quite concerned for Bear, our remaining dog, who was six years old. Bear had been Nicholas’s shadow and now that Nicholas was gone, Bear wouldn’t even eat. Our vet suggested that we get another dog to see if that would encourage Bear to eat.
I found an online advertisement for a Bichon Frise (比熊犬) and when we arrived at the place, it was a nightmare, like one of those puppy mills (工厂) you read about or see on the television news. I decided to delay my search for my “purpose” as I needed to tell the world about the horror I had discovered right in my own backyard.
I had even a bigger fight ahead of me than Nicholas’s cancer. This was a fight that would take years. I did research and then I spread the word on the Internet. People began to listen and we formed a small group of Bichon Frise lovers called Small Paws Rescue.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
I started out sending the latest news on our rescue efforts to about twenty-five people. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My achievement made me reflect on the past. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C B A A C D B C D A
11 12 13 14 15
D D B A B
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
16 17 18 19 20
D B F E A
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
D A C B B D A C A B
31 32 33 34 35
C A D C B
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
36. which/that 37. about 38. exploring 39. their 40. attractive
41. an 42. provided 43. Actually 44. excitement 45. to mix
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
【One possible version】
Dear Tom,
From your last letter, I know you want to know who is the great woman I like most. My favourite is Marie Curie, a renowned physicist and chemist. Born in 1871, she was a pioneer in radioactivity research and the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, receiving it twice in her lifetime.
I admire Marie for her groundbreaking contributions to science despite the significant challenges she faced as a woman in her era. What inspires me greatly is her dedication and perseverance.
Many people regard her as a symbol of tenacity and intelligence, and she has certainly earned a prominent place in the history of science.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
【One possible version】
I started out sending the latest news on our rescue efforts to about twenty-five people. Within a few months we had grown to a group of several hundred people. Some had Bichons and some had other breeds of dogs. A few years passed and my rescue stories were being read by more than six thousand people in twenty-eight different countries. National media outlets began asking me to do interviews and film episodes for Animal Planet.
My achievement made me reflect on the past. Yes, losing Nicholas was part of this journey. If I hadn’t lost Nicholas, I wouldn’t have found myself involved in this magnificent obsession called Small Paws Rescue, along with some of the finest people anywhere. Now my days are filled with helping people and animals. In the past thirteen years, Small Paws Rescue has rescued more than 8,000 dogs and has made a difference in the lives of thousands of people, too.