非谓语动词
【中考非谓语动词考点聚焦】
动词不定式 动名词 分词
(
考点
1
：不定式的基本用法
)
1.不定式的形式
(1)基本形式：① to＋动词原形；②省略to的不定式；
(2)否定形式：not to do sth.
2.不定式的句法功能
功能 例 句 说 明
主语 To swim here is dangerous. 动词不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语。
表语 My job is to look after my sister. 多数情况下，动词不定式作表语，可转换成为作主语。
宾语 I want to be an actor. 只能作某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
宾语补语 She asked me to speak English. 在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役动词后，不定式省略to。
定语 Do you have anything to say 不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语 I come here to see you. 不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
(
作主语
)
1. It is necessary for us students A the listening ability.
A. to improve B. improving C. improve D. improves
(
作
状语
ZHUNG
语
)2. In order A for the competition, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.
(
作
宾
语
)A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late
3. —Some stars take part in the live s reaming (直播带货).
—Yes, they make efforts C product sales in order to help local farmers.努力做某事
A. to provide B. providing C. to improve D. improving
(
作
宾语补足
语
)4. Harry invited me D with him when his parents were out of town.
A. stay B. stayed C. staying D. to stay
(
作
定
语
)5. —We don't have enough money for our field trip. What shall we do
—The best way B money is to sell newspapers.
A. raise B. to raise C. raising D. raised
(
考点
2
：动名词的基本用法
)
1.动名词的构成
动名词是由＂动词+-ing＂构成，和现在分词形式一样，兼有动词和名词的特征。
2.动名词句法功能
功能 例 句 说 明
主语 Eating too much meat is bad for your health. 谓语动词用单数。
宾语 I like going fishing very much. 表示习惯性的动作。
表语 Tom’s hobby is collecting stamps. 多数情况下可转换为动名词作主语。
定语 Jim is in the reading room. 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。
3.动名词的特殊用法
既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有：
1．意义不变。如：begin, continue, start, hate, like, love等。
2．意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
can't help doing 禁不住…… can’t help to do sth. 不能帮忙做某事
go on to do 继续做不同的事 go on doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事）
hear/see sb. doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事
hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事
(
作主语
) A is really dangerous.
A. Drive cars fast B. Driving cars fast
C. To drive car fast D. Driving car fast
(
作
动词的宾语
DONGCI
语
)---Would you mind A the windows
--- No, I don t mind it.
A. opening B. open C. opened D. opens
(
作
定
语
表功能
) (
作
介宾
)We all know Lu Xun is good at writing(write) stories.
We always take a sleeping (sleep) bag and a foam mat（泡沫垫）when we go on a picnic.
(
作
表
语
)5. Loving nature is loving（ love）ourselves.
(
考点
3
：分词的基本用法
)
1.现在分词和过去分词的构成
现在分词由v.+ing构成，过去分词v.+ed(部分为不规则动词变化)构成。
2.分词的用法
句子成分 用法 例句
作定语 现在分词表示正在进行，有主动的含义，过去分词表示已经完成，有被动的含义。 a moving film一部感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 the developing country发展中国家 the developed country发达国家
作表语（常考） 放在系动词后作表语 The story sounds/is interesting.
作宾语补足语 现在分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即主动关系）；过去分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语（即被动关系）。 ①Don’t keep me waiting for a long time. 别让我等很长时间。 ②I had my hair cut last night. 昨天晚上我理发了。
作状语 分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。 ①The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 学生们谈笑着走出了教室。 ②Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful.从小山上看，我们的学校显得更美丽了。
(
作宾语补足语，表主动
)
When I got out of the classroom, I saw some students C basketball.
(
作
后置定
语，表
被
动
)play B. to play C. playing D. played
Smart phones A by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made B. making C. to make D. make
(
作宾语补足语，表主动
)3. There are some boys swimming (swim) in the river now. It s very dangerous.
(
作
后置定
语，表
被
动
)4. It s a popular program from CCTV called (call) The Reader.非谓语动词
【中考非谓语动词考点聚焦】
动词不定式 动名词 分词
(
考点
1
：不定式的基本用法
)
不定式的形式
(1)基本形式：① to＋动词原形；②省略to的不定式；
(2)否定形式：not to do sth.。
2.不定式的句法功能
功能 例 句 说 明
主语 To swim here is dangerous. 动词不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语。
表语 My job is to look after my sister. 多数情况下，动词不定式作表语，可转换成为作主语。
宾语 I want to be an actor. 只能作某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
宾语补语 She asked me to speak English. 在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役动词后，不定式省略to。
定语 Do you have anything to say 不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语 I come here to see you. 不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
1. It is necessary for us students_______the listening ability.
A. to improve B. improving C. improve D. improves
2. In order ________ for the competition, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.
A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late
3. —Some stars take part in the live s reaming (直播带货).
—Yes, they make efforts ________ product sales in order to help local farmers.
A. to provide B. providing C. to improve D. improving
4. Harry invited me ____ with him when his parents were out of town.
A. stay B. stayed C. staying D. to stay
5. —We don't have enough money for our field trip. What shall we do
—The best way ______ money is to sell newspapers.
A. raise B. to raise C. raising D. raised
(
考点
2
：动名词的基本用法
)
1.动名词的构成
动名词是由＂动词+-ing＂构成，和现在分词形式一样，兼有动词和名词的特征。
2.动名词句法功能
功能 例 句 说 明
主语 Eating too much meat is bad for your health. 谓语动词用单数。
宾语 I like going fishing very much. 表示习惯性的动作。
表语 Tom’s hobby is collecting stamps. 多数情况下可转换为动名词作主语。
定语 Jim is in the reading room. 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。
3.动名词的特殊用法
既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有：
1．意义不变。如：begin, continue, start, hate, like, love等。
2．意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
can't help doing 禁不住…… can’t help to do sth. 不能帮忙做某事
go on to do 继续做不同的事 go on doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事）
hear/see sb. doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事
hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事
_______ is really dangerous.
A. Drive cars fast B. Driving cars fast
C. To drive car fast D. Driving car fast
---Would you mind _______ the windows
--- No, I don t mind it.
A. opening B. open C. opened D. opens
We all know Lu Xun is good at _____________(write) stories.
We always take a _____________ (sleep) bag and a foam mat（泡沫垫）when we go on a picnic.
5. Loving nature is _____________（ love）ourselves.
(
考点
3
：分词的基本用法
)
1.现在分词和过去分词的构成
现在分词由v.+ing构成，过去分词v.+ed(部分为不规则动词变化)构成。
2.分词的用法
句子成分 用法 例句
作定语 现在分词表示正在进行，有主动的含义，过去分词表示已经完成，有被动的含义。 a moving film一部感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 the developing country发展中国家 the developed country发达国家
作表语（常考） 放在系动词后作表语 The story sounds/is interesting.
作宾语补足语 现在分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即主动关系）；过去分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语（即被动关系）。 ①Don’t keep me waiting for a long time. ②I had my hair cut last night.
作状语 分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。 ①The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. ②Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful.
When I got out of the classroom, I saw some students ________ basketball.
play B. to play C. playing D. played
Smart phones ___________ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made B. making C. to make D. make
3. There are some boys ____________ (swim) in the river now. It s very dangerous.
4. It s a popular program from CCTV __________ (call) The Reader.
