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题型过关第4讲 任务型阅读
初中英语任务型阅读理解做题技巧总结
任务型阅读理解（如“回答问题”“信息匹配”“表格填空”等）侧重考查精准提取信息、语言组织表达及综合应用能力。以下是分题型技巧和通用步骤：
一、通用解题步骤（四步法）
1. 审题划重点（1分钟）
读题目要求：明确任务类型（如“回答问题”需用完整句子还是短语；“信息匹配”是人物与事件匹配还是段落与标题匹配）。
圈关键词：在每个小题中标记核心疑问词（what, when, why, how）或定位词（人名、数字、专有名词）。
示例：题目“Where did Tom go last Sunday ” → 关键词“Where, Tom, last Sunday”。
2. 定位原文找依据（3-5分钟）
扫读原文：根据题干关键词，快速定位到原文对应段落（注意题文同序原则，即第一题答案通常在文章前半部分）。
精读定位句：划出与问题相关的句子，圈出关键信息（如时间、地点、原因、动作等）。
技巧：若原文出现与题干相同的词或同义替换（如题干“visit”对应原文“go to see”），大概率是答案句。
3. 组织语言规范答题（5-7分钟）
根据不同任务类型，注意格式和语法正确性：
回答问题（Answer questions）：
用完整句子回答（除非题目要求用短语），时态、人称与原文一致。
例：原文“He went to the park.” → 回答：“He went to the park.”（不可只写“the park”）。
特殊疑问句直接回答疑问词（如why用because引导，how用by doing sth.等）。
信息匹配（Matching）：
先读选项（如人物、事件、标题），再读原文段落，通过核心词对应匹配（如段落讲“环保措施”，选项选“Ways to Protect the Environment”）。
表格填空（Table completion）：
注意表格中的词性、格式一致性（如左列是动词原形，右列也填动词原形；数字统一用阿拉伯数字）。
4. 检查核对（1-2分钟）
语法正确：时态、主谓一致、人称代词（如I/me, he/him）是否准确。
信息准确：答案是否完全来自原文，有无遗漏或多余信息（避免主观添加内容）。
书写规范：单词拼写正确，大小写、标点符号无误（如句首字母大写，句末加句号）。
二、核心得分要点
答案“忠于原文”：
直接用原文词句回答（优先选原词），若需改写，确保与原文意思一致（如原文“on Monday”不可写成“on Tuesday”）。
避免“过度发挥”：题目问“做了什么”，只答动作，不添加个人评价（如原文未提“开心”，不可写“He was happy to go”）。
控制答题长度：
回答问题时，简洁明了（如用“Because+从句”回答why，不用长篇大论）。
信息匹配题中，若两个选项看似都对，选更具体、更贴合段落主旨的一项。
应对“生词障碍”：
若定位句有生词，通过上下文逻辑或词根词缀猜测（如“unhappy”=“not happy”），不纠结词义，优先抓“已知信息”。
三、常见题型示例与技巧
题型 解题关键 示例
回答问题 疑问词对应+完整句+时态一致 题干：“How did Lucy get to school ”
原文：“Lucy took the bus to school.”
答案：“Lucy took the bus to school.”
信息匹配 段落核心词与选项对应（高频复现词优先） 段落提到“plant trees, save water” → 选项选“Environmental Protection”
句子填空 上下文逻辑（因果、转折、并列）+ 固定搭配 原文：“She likes reading, ______ her brother likes playing sports.”
答案：“but”（转折关系）
四、备考建议
专项突破不同题型：每天练习1篇任务型阅读，重点训练“快速定位”和“规范答题”（如仿写标准答案的句子结构）。
整理“同义替换词库”：积累题干与原文的对应词（如“find out”=“discover”，“reason”=“cause”），提高定位速度。
模拟考场书写：用答题卡规范书写，避免因字迹潦草或语法错误丢分。
总结口诀
“审题划关键词，定位原文找依据；问答完整要简洁，匹配核心词对应；语法拼写双检查，忠于原文不发挥。”
一、任务型阅读
“Though I was born with half a left arm, I don’t think I’m unlucky,” said Ms Yang, a 35-year-old woman from a small village in Hunan. She’s a successful Xiang embroidery (湘绣) artist. Now she runs a Xiang embroidery store.
She lived a hard life for many years. Luckily, her whole family supported her. After college she applied for (申请) over 200 jobs but was turned down again and again. She tried to start her own business but failed with all her money lost. Then she turned to Xiang embroidery.
Ms Yang’s interest in Xiang embroidery began when she was a child. She learned some of the basics from a neighbour. After running the store, she took many training courses, including a three-year course at Tsinghua University. She kept developing her skills, saying that her disability wouldn’t stop her. In 2014, her business finally started making money. Then she tried to do something for society.
Xiang embroidery has a history of over 2,000 years. As Xiang embroidery is one of the four best-known styles (风格) of embroidery in China, she hopes to spread its culture and make more people learn about it. By offering free lessons, Ms Yang helped lots of people, including many disabled ones.
Ms Yang’s story is encouraging. It shows how important strong wills and interests are. When we face difficulties, we should never give up. Just as a saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
根据短文内容，回答问题。
1．Where is Ms Yang from
2．How long is the history of Xiang embroidery
3．How did Ms Yang help people
4．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence
5．Do you want to learn Xiang embroidery this summer holiday Why or why not
【答案】1．She is from a small village in Hunan. 2．It has a history of over 2,000 years. 3．By offering free lessons. 4．当我们面对困难时，我们绝不应该放弃。 5．Yes, I do. Because I think it’s interesting and I can learn a new skill.(答案不唯一，合理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了湖南农村的杨女士尽管天生左臂残疾，但通过坚强意志和努力成为了湘绣艺术家。她经历求职失败和创业挫折后，转向湘绣学习，并通过免费课程帮助他人，尤其是残疾人。文章强调了意志和兴趣的重要性，并引用谚语“有志者事竟成”鼓励读者面对困难不放弃。
1．根据“... said Ms Yang, a 35-year-old woman from a small village in Hunan.”可知，杨女士来自湖南的一个小村庄。故填She is from a small village in Hunan.
2．根据“Xiang embroidery has a history of over 2,000 years.”可知，湘绣有2000多年的历史。故填 It has a history of over 2,000 years.
3．根据“By offering free lessons, Ms Yang helped lots of people, including many disabled ones.”可知，杨女士通过提供免费课程帮助了许多人，包括许多残疾人。故填By offering free lessons.
4．When“当……时候”；we“我们”；face“面对”；difficulties“困难”；should“应该”；never“绝不”；give up“放弃”。故填：当我们面对困难时，我们绝不应该放弃。
5．本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填Yes, I do. Because I think it’s interesting and I can learn a new skill.
无以代替——宠物狗回归
On August 16, Yellowknife’s 20,000 people had to leave Yellowknife because of a strong wildfire. At 9:15 p.m., Louise, along with her husband, daughter-in-law and her daughter-in-aw’s best friend, got in two cars and a truck with their pet dog, Sedze. Along with their clothes, phones and laptops, they made their way onto the road to Alberta.
After driving all night, the tired group set up a camp to sleep for two hours before hitting the road again at 8:00 a.m. But 20 minutes into the second half of their journey, one of Louise’s worst dreams came to life: The group realised that Sedze was not in any of their cars. She was missing.
The group came back to their campsite. They believed that they might have left Sedze there by mistake. They looked for Sedze everywhere, but they didn’t find her. Though Louise tried to stay positive (积极的), deep down she feared the worst: either a wild animal killed Sedze or she drowned in a river. After looking for her for 30 minutes, Louise and the others continued the trip south.
Later that evening, the group finally arrived in High Level. Louise called her daughter, Jilaine, who lived in another city and told her about the dog. Ten minutes after they hung up, Jilaine ________ in surprise. A man named Ryan Snyder had posted about a dog he found near a bridge online. The dog looked exactly like Sedze!
A Louise quickly got on the phone to Ryan. B And she made sure that the dog was surely Sedze. Sedze was alive and well. C While speaking to each other on the phone, they found that they were standing on opposite sides of the same baseball ground. D .
“It was the greatest feeling when he brought her over on her leash (牵狗绳) and she hurried to us,” she said. Louise was still surprised at their luck that Ryan found Sedze and helped her get together with her family.
Three weeks later, the group returned to their homes in Yellowknife. “If my house had burned (烧毁) to the ground, I could have replaced (替换) it,” Louise said. “But you can’t replace your family or your pet dog.”
(素材来源：Reader’s Digest)
根据短文内容，回答问题。
6．Why did Louise leave for Alberta on August 16
7．What does the underlined word “She” refer to in Paragraph 2
8．What can you fill in the blank in Paragraph 4
9．In Paragraph 5, the sentence “In fact, Ryan also arrived in High Level.” is missing. Which blank should we put it in, A, B, C or D
10．What did Louise think of her pet dog in the last paragraph
【答案】6．Because of a strong wildfire. 7．Sedze./The pet dog. 8．called back/called her mother 9．C 10．Important. (答案不唯一)
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Louise一家因野火撤离时丢失宠物狗Sedze，最终幸运找回的故事。
6．根据文章第1段“On August 16, Yellowknife’s 20,000 people had to leave Yellowknife because of a strong wildfire.”可知，Louise在8月16日前往艾伯塔省是因为一场强烈的野火。故填Because of a strong wildfire.
7．根据文章第2段“The group realised that Sedze was not in any of their cars. She was missing.”可知，第二段中划线单词“She”指的是Sedze。故填Sedze./The pet dog.
8．根据文章第4段“Louise called her daughter, Jilaine... Ten minutes after they hung up”以及“A man named Ryan Snyder had posted about a dog he found near a bridge online. The dog looked exactly like Sedze!”可知，Jilaine挂断电话后应“回电”告知母亲关于狗的消息。故填called back/called her mother.
9．根据第5段“While speaking to each other on the phone, they found that they were standing on opposite sides of the same baseball ground.”可知，“In fact, Ryan also arrived in High Level.”放在C处，能更好地衔接上下文，说明Ryan也到了High Level，所以两人通话时发现离得近。故填C.
10．根据文章最后一段“But you can’t replace your family or your pet dog.”可知，Louise认为她的宠物狗很重要，是无法被替代的。故填Important. (答案不唯一)
Ling Runzhi is from Guiyang, the capital city of Guizhou Province. She was born with no feeling in her lower (下面的) body. For this, Ling lived a hard life. But she didn’t stop her love of art. She is very clever. With her brush, Ling brought a black-and-white work of art to life.
“There was once a terrible time in my life. My parents were busy with farm work and my sisters were at school, so I had to stay at home alone. I always felt afraid and sad (难过的),” said Ling.
To make Ling feel better, her sister bought a book of drawings for her. “I started to replicate (临摹) the works in it by myself. And these beautiful works soon drove away my bad feelings,” Ling said.
In 2003, Ling began to learn stitchwork (刺绣). She worked very well and won many times in the stitchwork events. Ling not only made her own dream come true, but also brought hope to others like her. “After seeing my stitchwork and paintings in Guiyang, many people like me started to take up art to make their own lives more colorful,” Ling said.
11．Ling Runzhi lived a life because she couldn’t feel her lower body.
12．Ling Runzhi always felt when she stayed at home alone.
13．Ling Runzhi’s sister bought a book of drawings for her to make her .
14．Ling Runzhi began to learn stitchwork in .
15．Do you like Ling Runzhi’s story Why or why not
【答案】11．hard 12．afraid and sad 13．feel better 14．2003 15．Yes, I do. Because Ling Runzhi didn’t give up her love of art even though she lived a hard life with no feeling in her lower body.
【导语】本文讲述了来自贵州省省会贵阳、下肢天生没有知觉的凌润芝，虽过着艰难生活却未放弃对艺术的热爱，从临摹画册开始，2003年起学习刺绣并多次获奖，她不仅实现了自己的梦想，还为其他和她有相似境遇的人带来了希望。
11．根据“For this, Ling lived a hard life”以及题目中“because she couldn’t feel her lower body”可知，凌润芝因为下肢没有知觉，过着艰难的生活。故填hard。
12．根据“so I had to stay at home alone. I always felt afraid and sad (难过的)” 可知，凌润芝独自在家时总是感到害怕和难过。故填afraid and sad。
13．根据“To make Ling feel better, her sister bought a book of drawings for her” 可知，凌润芝的姐姐给她买画册是为了让她感觉好一些。故填feel better。
14．根据“In 2003, Ling began to learn stitchwork (刺绣).” 可知，凌润芝在2003年开始学习刺绣。故填2003。
15．开放性试题，合理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I do. Because Ling Runzhi didn’t give up her love of art even though she lived a hard life with no feeling in her lower body.
China and Pakistan recently made a big step in space cooperation. They signed an agreement for Pakistani astronauts to visit China’s Tiangong Space Station. This will be the first time that China helps a foreign country pick and train astronauts for Tiangong. And it will be the first time Tiangong has a non-Chinese visitor.
The agreement was signed in Islamabad. Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif was there. The two sides will spend about a year choosing Pakistani astronaut candidates (候选人). Then, these candidates will come to China for hard and special training. After training, one Pakistani will fly to Tiangong with Chinese astronauts and stay there for a short time. This cooperation is a great example of South-South cooperation, which will improve Pakistan’s space development.
A So far, the highest altitude a Pakistani has ever achieved is about 87.4 km. B This cooperation sets a good example for other developing countries. C It can encourage more countries to work together in space exploration. D
Since Tiangong’s first part was launched (发射) in 2021, China has planned to have foreign astronauts on the station. Chinese space leaders said China is open to international cooperation. Many countries, including Pakistan, ▲ .
Pakistani trainees will face hard training. They must learn Chinese because it’s the language used in Tiangong. They also need to get their bodies and minds ready for space. They have to learn how to live in microgravity (微重力). After reaching Tiangong, the Pakistani astronaut will do scientific experiments (实验) made by Pakistani researchers.
根据短文内容，回答问题。
16．What can we learn from the agreement
17．How long will it take to choose Pakistani astronaut candidates
18．创新考法·还原信息The sentence “But space starts at 100 km above sea level.” is missing. Where should we put it, A, B, C or D
19．创新考法·补全句子What can we fill in “ ▲ ” in the passage
20．Why do Pakistani trainees have to learn Chinese
【答案】16．Pakistani astronauts will visit Tiangong Space Station. 17．About one year. 18．B 19．are interested in it/want to take part in it 20．Because it’s the language used in Tiangong.
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述中国和巴基斯坦在太空合作方面迈出了一大步，签署了巴基斯坦宇航员访问中国天宫空间站的协议。
16．根据文章第1段“They signed an agreement for Pakistani astronauts to visit China’s Tiangong Space Station.”可知，从协议中我们能了解到巴基斯坦宇航员将访问天宫空间站。故填Pakistani astronauts will visit Tiangong Space Station.
17．根据文章第2段“The two sides will spend about a year choosing Pakistani astronaut candidates (候选人).”可知，挑选巴基斯坦宇航员候选人需要大约一年时间。故填About one year.
18．根据文章第3段“So far, the highest altitude a Pakistani has ever achieved is about 87.4 km.”以及要还原的句子“But space starts at 100 km above sea level.”，将其放在B处，能更好地衔接上下文，说明太空的起始高度与巴基斯坦之前达到的高度对比。故填B.
19．根据文章第4段“China has planned to have foreign astronauts on the station… Many countries, including Pakistan, ▲.”结合上下文，此处应补充“对与中国合作表现出兴趣”的内容。故填are interested in it/want to take part in it.
20．根据文章最后一段“They must learn Chinese because it’s the language used in Tiangong.”可知，巴基斯坦受训人员必须学习中文是因为中文是天宫使用的语言。故填Because it’s the language used in Tiangong.
Have you heard of “soft skills” before To be honest, they’re abilities that are not taught in school. However, to be truly happy and successful, you need to develop soft skills. Here are some of them.
Understand the power of non-language communication. If you have watched a nature programme, you’ve probably seen how some animals communicate. For example, a wolf can control its young just by using a different look in its eyes. While humans have the ability to speak, about 55% of our face-to-face communication actually takes place through body language.
Know how to make others laugh. I’m sure with your friends and family you have a great sense of humour. However, how about at work or when you meet strangers Break free, and add humour to your actions. Then your personal happiness will rise.
Respect (尊敬) others. Unfortunately, this soft skill seems to be going out of fashion at present. Too many people have become self-centred, and put their own hopes above the needs of other people. Please make sure you respect all those you come into contact with. Interestingly, by respecting others, you’ll find they respect you more in return.
Have persuasive (令人信服的) power. This isn’t some kind of superheroes’ power. It’s an ability that many people have developed. If you learn to communicate persuasively, you will go far.
21．How can a wolf control its young
22．Have these “soft skills” ever been taught in school
23．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
24．What will others do when you respect them
25．Do you like the “soft skill” of respecting others Why or why not
【答案】21．By using a different look in its eyes. 22．No, they haven’t. 23．如果你看过自然节目，你可能见过一些动物是如何交流的。 24．They will respect you more in return. 25．Yes, because respecting others creates a positive environment and builds mutual trust.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“软技能”的重要性及其具体表现。
21．根据第二段“a wolf can control its young just by using a different look in its eyes.”可知，狼可以通过眼神的变化来控制幼崽。故填By using a different look in its eyes.
22．根据第一段“they’re abilities that are not taught in school.”可知，这些技能是学校不教的。故填No, they haven’t.
23．If“如果”；you“你”；have watched“看过”；a nature programme“自然节目”；you’ve probably seen“你可能见过”；how some animals communicate“一些动物是如何交流的”。故填：如果你看过自然节目，你可能见过一些动物是如何交流的。
24．根据第四段“by respecting others, you’ll find they respect you more in return.”可知，当你尊重他人时，他们会更尊重你。故填They will respect you more in return.
25．开放性试题，言之成理即可。参考答案为Yes, because respecting others creates a positive environment and builds mutual trust.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
A new term called “social phobia (社恐)” has gained attention in China these days. People with social phobia always feel anxious and uncomfortable when talking with others.
The internet has made the MBTI test very popular. Many people take this test to see what they are like. According to the test, there are mainly two kinds of people: extroverted (外向的) and introverted (内向的). Extroverted people enjoy making friends with others, while those who are introverted like to be alone.
However, many people cannot tell the difference between being introverted and having social phobia. In fact, it’s challenging for introverted people to become extroverted. Introverted people are not afraid of talking with others. They just like to stay alone to think more carefully. In this way, they can better solve problems.
But social phobia is very different. It can be more easily overcome because it’s just an emotional response. Even extroverted people can experience social phobia. Some people say they have social phobia as a way to get personal space sometimes. But we should use it properly. Sometimes social phobia is not good for us. Just imagine that a student with social phobia who refuses to answer the teacher’s questions may not improve his grades or learn some useful things.
26．How may people with social phobia feel when talking with others
They may feel .
27．How many main types of people are there according to the MBTI test
There are kinds of people.
28．What do extroverted people enjoy doing
They enjoy .
29．Why do introverted people prefer to stay alone
Because they want to and solve problems better.
30．What does the passage mainly talk about
The passage mainly talks about .
【答案】26．anxious and uncomfortable 27．two 28．making friends with others 29．think more carefully 30．the difference between being introverted and having social phobia
【导语】本文主要围绕“社恐”这一新概念展开，介绍了社恐人群的表现，通过MBTI测试引出外向和内向两种人的不同特点，并阐述了内向与社恐的区别。
26．根据第一段“People with social phobia always feel anxious and uncomfortable when talking with others.”可知，有社交恐惧症的人在和别人交谈时总是感到焦虑和不舒服。故填anxious and uncomfortable。
27．根据第二段“According to the test, there are mainly two kinds of people: extroverted (外向的) and introverted (内向的).”可知，根据测试，主要有两种人：外向型和内向型。故填two。
28．根据第二段“Extroverted people enjoy making friends with others”可知，外向的人喜欢和别人交朋友。故填making friends with others。
29．根据第三段“Introverted people are not afraid of talking with others. They just like to stay alone to think more carefully. In this way, they can better solve problems.”可知，内向的人不是害怕和别人交谈，他们只是喜欢独自待着以更仔细地思考，这样他们能更好地解决问题。故填think more carefully。
30．这是一个开放性问题，需要概括文章主旨。文章主要讨论了内向和有社交恐惧症之间的区别。故填the difference between being introverted and having social phobia。
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Did you find it hard to do something because two arms just weren’t enough If so, you might be interested in a new device, a robotic arm. You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest and control it through the muscle you use to breathe. It can move above your shoulders or to your side, depending on what you want to do, says engineer Giulia Domi from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The arm is designed to be used as an extra (额外的) arm.
It’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That’s why Domi’s team made it breath-controlled. Taking a deep breath tells the arm to extend, while breathing out deeply pulls it back. Breathing normally keeps the arm in place.
Before building the real robotic arm, Domi’s team first made one in virtual reality (虚拟现实), or VR. The team found that people seemed to naturally learn to control the virtual arm. The researchers then built a real robotic arm to work like the virtual one had done. Participants who had learned to use the extra virtual arm had a success rate of about 90% using the real one. So it is easy for people to learn to use it.
The extra robotic arms could help people to do extra things. For example, workers could use them to control machinery for risky jobs more easily. Doctors could use the extra arms for surgeries (外科手术). Also, they could be helpful for disabled people or people recovering from accidents or strokes.
However, there is still room for improvement. Although people could use the robotic arm in everyday tasks, they are as expensive as some devices like the VR glasses. Early tests showed that people could look around and talk while using the extra arm. But it’s still not clear how well people can control their two natural arms along with an extra robotic one. “When you add something new, it’s uncertain how much the brain can do with that,” says Jacob George from the University of Utah’s robotics center.
31．Where do people wear this robotic arm
32．Why did Domi’s team design the robotic arm to be breath-controlled
33．What did Domi’s team do before building the real robotic arm
34．What do you think of the robotic arm Why do you think so (Give 2 reasons.)
【答案】31．People wear it in the middle of the chest. 32．Because it’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms. 33．They first made one in virtual reality. 34．I think it’s useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it’s easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice. (开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
【导语】本文主要介绍了一款创新的、由呼吸控制的额外机器臂，包括它的工作原理、研发过程、潜在用途以及面临的挑战。
31．根据第一段“You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest”可知，人们可以将机器臂佩戴在胸部中央。故填People wear it in the middle of the chest.
32．根据第二段“It’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That’s why Domi’s team made it breath-controlled.”可知，设计成呼吸控制是为了解决人们在用双手的同时难以控制额外手臂的问题。故填Because it’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms.
33．根据第三段“Before building the real robotic arm, Domi’s team first made one in virtual reality…”可知，在研究团队制造真实的机器臂之前，他们先在虚拟现实中制造了一个。故填They first made one in virtual reality.
34．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。故填I think it’s useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it’s easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice.
阅读短文，结合图片提示，完成表格，每空不超过三个词。
You may want a great activity for kids to play outside. Here it comes.
Let’s learn to make a boat and then float (使……漂浮) it in a pool. It is so simple that kids can easily make one and then have fun. Let’s start now.What you need
★3 corks (软木塞) ★elastic bands (橡皮筋) ★colored paper
★scissors (剪刀) ★glue (胶水) ★a stick (木棍)
What you should do
Choose three corks. Use a stick to make a hole (洞) in the middle of a cork.
Join them together with two elastic bands. The one with the hole should be in the middle. Your boat can be better if you glue the corks first.
Then, cut a sail shape (帆形) and a diamond shape (菱形) out of colored paper.
Make holes at the top and bottom (底部) of the sail shape. Then put the stick through the holes.
Cut the stick so that it is not too long. Please be careful.
Glue the diamond shape on the top of your stick to make a flag.
Place the stick into the hole of the middle cork.
Your boat is ready to set sail.
Make a sailboat
*Make a hole in one of the three corks by 35 a stick. *Put the cork with the hole 36 . Join them together with two elastic bands.
*Cut a sail shape and a diamond shape. *Put the stick through the top and bottom of the sail shape. *Carefully cut the stick to make it much 37 .
*Glue the diamond shape on the top of the stick. It can be 38 . * 39 the stick into the hole of the middle cork, and your sailboat is ready.
【答案】35．using 36．in the middle 37．shorter 38．a flag 39．Place
【导语】本文讲述了一个简单有趣的户外手工活动——教孩子们用软木塞、橡皮筋、彩色纸等材料制作一艘帆船，并将其放入水池中漂浮。
35．根据“Choose three corks. Use a stick to make a hole (洞) in the middle of a cork.”可知，用一根木棍在其中一个软木塞中间打个洞，by是介词，后面接动名词形式。故填using。
36．根据“Join them together with two elastic bands. The one with the hole should be in the middle.”可知，把有洞的那个放在中间。故填in the middle。
37．根据“Cut the stick so that it is not too long. Please be careful.”可知，把木棍剪短一些，注意不要太长，much修饰比较级，short的比较级是shorter。故填shorter。
38．根据“Glue the diamond shape on the top of your stick to make a flag.”可知，把菱形粘在木棍的顶端做成一面旗帜，也就是它能够成为一面旗帜。故填a flag。
39．根据“Place the stick into the hole of the middle cork.”可知，把木棍插进中间软木塞的洞里，此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填Place。
The bicycle is a wonderful invention. It has been around for more than 200 years. It is a simple, cheap and healthy way to get around. Bicycles are widely used all over the world. In some countries, like the Netherlands, many people choose to ride bicycles to work or school. Bicycles don’t need gas, so they are good for the environment. They also help people keep fit. Riding a bicycle is a great form of exercise. However, bicycles also have some disadvantages. They are not as fast as cars or buses. In bad weather, it can be difficult and uncomfortable to ride a bicycle. Also, you need to wear a helmet to keep safe when riding. Despite these problems, the bicycle remains a popular choice for many people. It is a symbol of a healthy and environmental (环保的) lifestyle. Some cities are even building more bike lanes to encourage people to ride bicycles instead of driving cars.
根据短文内容，完成下列句子 (每空一词).
40．The bicycle is a simple, and healthy way to get around. It has been around for over 200 .
41．Bicycles are widely all over the world. In some countries, many people choose to ride bicycles to work or .
42．Bicycles don’t need gas, so they are good for the . They also help people fit.
43．Bicycles have some disadvantages. They are not as as cars or buses. In bad weather, it can be and uncomfortable to ride a bicycle.
44．Some cities are building more bike lanes to encourage people to ride bicycles instead of cars. It is a symbol of a and environmentally-friendly lifestyle.
【答案】40． cheap years 41． used school 42． environment keep 43． fast difficult 44． driving healthy
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了自行车这一发明，包括其存在历史、作为出行方式的优点、缺点，以及它当前的受欢迎程度和部分城市对骑行的鼓励措施。
40．根据原文“It is a simple, cheap and healthy way to get around.”可知，自行车是一种简单、廉价且健康的出行方式。故填cheap；根据原文“It has been around for more than 200 years.”可知，自行车已经存在200多年了，“more than”与“over”同义，后接时间单位“年”的复数形式。故填years。
41．根据原文“Bicycles are widely used all over the world.”可知，自行车在全世界被广泛使用，此处为被动语态，需用“use”的过去分词形式。故填used；根据原文“In some countries, like the Netherlands, many people choose to ride bicycles to work or school.”可知，在一些国家，很多人选择骑自行车去上班或上学。故填school。
42．根据原文“Bicycles don’t need gas, so they are good for the environment.”可知，自行车不需要汽油，因此对环境有益。故填environment；根据原文“They also help people keep fit.”可知，自行车还能帮助人们保持健康，“help sb. do sth.”为固定搭配，需用动词原形。故填keep。
43．根据原文“They are not as fast as cars or buses.”可知，自行车不如汽车或公交车快，“as+形容词原级+as”为固定结构，此处需用形容词原级。故填fast；根据原文“In bad weather, it can be difficult and uncomfortable to ride a bicycle.”可知，在恶劣天气里，骑自行车可能既困难又不舒服。故填difficult。
44．根据原文“Some cities are even building more bike lanes to encourage people to ride bicycles instead of driving cars.”可知，一些城市正在修建更多自行车道，鼓励人们骑自行车而不是开车，“instead of”后接动名词形式。故填driving； 根据原文“It is a symbol of a healthy and environmental (环保的) lifestyle.”可知，自行车是健康且环保生活方式的象征，“environmental”对应题干中的“environmentally-friendly”，此处需填形容词“healthy”。故填healthy。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第4讲 任务型阅读
初中英语任务型阅读理解做题技巧总结
任务型阅读理解（如“回答问题”“信息匹配”“表格填空”等）侧重考查精准提取信息、语言组织表达及综合应用能力。以下是分题型技巧和通用步骤：
一、通用解题步骤（四步法）
1. 审题划重点（1分钟）
读题目要求：明确任务类型（如“回答问题”需用完整句子还是短语；“信息匹配”是人物与事件匹配还是段落与标题匹配）。
圈关键词：在每个小题中标记核心疑问词（what, when, why, how）或定位词（人名、数字、专有名词）。
示例：题目“Where did Tom go last Sunday ” → 关键词“Where, Tom, last Sunday”。
2. 定位原文找依据（3-5分钟）
扫读原文：根据题干关键词，快速定位到原文对应段落（注意题文同序原则，即第一题答案通常在文章前半部分）。
精读定位句：划出与问题相关的句子，圈出关键信息（如时间、地点、原因、动作等）。
技巧：若原文出现与题干相同的词或同义替换（如题干“visit”对应原文“go to see”），大概率是答案句。
3. 组织语言规范答题（5-7分钟）
根据不同任务类型，注意格式和语法正确性：
回答问题（Answer questions）：
用完整句子回答（除非题目要求用短语），时态、人称与原文一致。
例：原文“He went to the park.” → 回答：“He went to the park.”（不可只写“the park”）。
特殊疑问句直接回答疑问词（如why用because引导，how用by doing sth.等）。
信息匹配（Matching）：
先读选项（如人物、事件、标题），再读原文段落，通过核心词对应匹配（如段落讲“环保措施”，选项选“Ways to Protect the Environment”）。
表格填空（Table completion）：
注意表格中的词性、格式一致性（如左列是动词原形，右列也填动词原形；数字统一用阿拉伯数字）。
4. 检查核对（1-2分钟）
语法正确：时态、主谓一致、人称代词（如I/me, he/him）是否准确。
信息准确：答案是否完全来自原文，有无遗漏或多余信息（避免主观添加内容）。
书写规范：单词拼写正确，大小写、标点符号无误（如句首字母大写，句末加句号）。
二、核心得分要点
答案“忠于原文”：
直接用原文词句回答（优先选原词），若需改写，确保与原文意思一致（如原文“on Monday”不可写成“on Tuesday”）。
避免“过度发挥”：题目问“做了什么”，只答动作，不添加个人评价（如原文未提“开心”，不可写“He was happy to go”）。
控制答题长度：
回答问题时，简洁明了（如用“Because+从句”回答why，不用长篇大论）。
信息匹配题中，若两个选项看似都对，选更具体、更贴合段落主旨的一项。
应对“生词障碍”：
若定位句有生词，通过上下文逻辑或词根词缀猜测（如“unhappy”=“not happy”），不纠结词义，优先抓“已知信息”。
三、常见题型示例与技巧
题型 解题关键 示例
回答问题 疑问词对应+完整句+时态一致 题干：“How did Lucy get to school ”
原文：“Lucy took the bus to school.”
答案：“Lucy took the bus to school.”
信息匹配 段落核心词与选项对应（高频复现词优先） 段落提到“plant trees, save water” → 选项选“Environmental Protection”
句子填空 上下文逻辑（因果、转折、并列）+ 固定搭配 原文：“She likes reading, ______ her brother likes playing sports.”
答案：“but”（转折关系）
四、备考建议
专项突破不同题型：每天练习1篇任务型阅读，重点训练“快速定位”和“规范答题”（如仿写标准答案的句子结构）。
整理“同义替换词库”：积累题干与原文的对应词（如“find out”=“discover”，“reason”=“cause”），提高定位速度。
模拟考场书写：用答题卡规范书写，避免因字迹潦草或语法错误丢分。
总结口诀
“审题划关键词，定位原文找依据；问答完整要简洁，匹配核心词对应；语法拼写双检查，忠于原文不发挥。”
一、任务型阅读
“Though I was born with half a left arm, I don’t think I’m unlucky,” said Ms Yang, a 35-year-old woman from a small village in Hunan. She’s a successful Xiang embroidery (湘绣) artist. Now she runs a Xiang embroidery store.
She lived a hard life for many years. Luckily, her whole family supported her. After college she applied for (申请) over 200 jobs but was turned down again and again. She tried to start her own business but failed with all her money lost. Then she turned to Xiang embroidery.
Ms Yang’s interest in Xiang embroidery began when she was a child. She learned some of the basics from a neighbour. After running the store, she took many training courses, including a three-year course at Tsinghua University. She kept developing her skills, saying that her disability wouldn’t stop her. In 2014, her business finally started making money. Then she tried to do something for society.
Xiang embroidery has a history of over 2,000 years. As Xiang embroidery is one of the four best-known styles (风格) of embroidery in China, she hopes to spread its culture and make more people learn about it. By offering free lessons, Ms Yang helped lots of people, including many disabled ones.
Ms Yang’s story is encouraging. It shows how important strong wills and interests are. When we face difficulties, we should never give up. Just as a saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
根据短文内容，回答问题。
1．Where is Ms Yang from
2．How long is the history of Xiang embroidery
3．How did Ms Yang help people
4．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence
5．Do you want to learn Xiang embroidery this summer holiday Why or why not
无以代替——宠物狗回归
On August 16, Yellowknife’s 20,000 people had to leave Yellowknife because of a strong wildfire. At 9:15 p.m., Louise, along with her husband, daughter-in-law and her daughter-in-aw’s best friend, got in two cars and a truck with their pet dog, Sedze. Along with their clothes, phones and laptops, they made their way onto the road to Alberta.
After driving all night, the tired group set up a camp to sleep for two hours before hitting the road again at 8:00 a.m. But 20 minutes into the second half of their journey, one of Louise’s worst dreams came to life: The group realised that Sedze was not in any of their cars. She was missing.
The group came back to their campsite. They believed that they might have left Sedze there by mistake. They looked for Sedze everywhere, but they didn’t find her. Though Louise tried to stay positive (积极的), deep down she feared the worst: either a wild animal killed Sedze or she drowned in a river. After looking for her for 30 minutes, Louise and the others continued the trip south.
Later that evening, the group finally arrived in High Level. Louise called her daughter, Jilaine, who lived in another city and told her about the dog. Ten minutes after they hung up, Jilaine ________ in surprise. A man named Ryan Snyder had posted about a dog he found near a bridge online. The dog looked exactly like Sedze!
A Louise quickly got on the phone to Ryan. B And she made sure that the dog was surely Sedze. Sedze was alive and well. C While speaking to each other on the phone, they found that they were standing on opposite sides of the same baseball ground. D .
“It was the greatest feeling when he brought her over on her leash (牵狗绳) and she hurried to us,” she said. Louise was still surprised at their luck that Ryan found Sedze and helped her get together with her family.
Three weeks later, the group returned to their homes in Yellowknife. “If my house had burned (烧毁) to the ground, I could have replaced (替换) it,” Louise said. “But you can’t replace your family or your pet dog.”
(素材来源：Reader’s Digest)
根据短文内容，回答问题。
6．Why did Louise leave for Alberta on August 16
7．What does the underlined word “She” refer to in Paragraph 2
8．What can you fill in the blank in Paragraph 4
9．In Paragraph 5, the sentence “In fact, Ryan also arrived in High Level.” is missing. Which blank should we put it in, A, B, C or D
10．What did Louise think of her pet dog in the last paragraph
Ling Runzhi is from Guiyang, the capital city of Guizhou Province. She was born with no feeling in her lower (下面的) body. For this, Ling lived a hard life. But she didn’t stop her love of art. She is very clever. With her brush, Ling brought a black-and-white work of art to life.
“There was once a terrible time in my life. My parents were busy with farm work and my sisters were at school, so I had to stay at home alone. I always felt afraid and sad (难过的),” said Ling.
To make Ling feel better, her sister bought a book of drawings for her. “I started to replicate (临摹) the works in it by myself. And these beautiful works soon drove away my bad feelings,” Ling said.
In 2003, Ling began to learn stitchwork (刺绣). She worked very well and won many times in the stitchwork events. Ling not only made her own dream come true, but also brought hope to others like her. “After seeing my stitchwork and paintings in Guiyang, many people like me started to take up art to make their own lives more colorful,” Ling said.
11．Ling Runzhi lived a life because she couldn’t feel her lower body.
12．Ling Runzhi always felt when she stayed at home alone.
13．Ling Runzhi’s sister bought a book of drawings for her to make her .
14．Ling Runzhi began to learn stitchwork in .
15．Do you like Ling Runzhi’s story Why or why not
China and Pakistan recently made a big step in space cooperation. They signed an agreement for Pakistani astronauts to visit China’s Tiangong Space Station. This will be the first time that China helps a foreign country pick and train astronauts for Tiangong. And it will be the first time Tiangong has a non-Chinese visitor.
The agreement was signed in Islamabad. Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif was there. The two sides will spend about a year choosing Pakistani astronaut candidates (候选人). Then, these candidates will come to China for hard and special training. After training, one Pakistani will fly to Tiangong with Chinese astronauts and stay there for a short time. This cooperation is a great example of South-South cooperation, which will improve Pakistan’s space development.
A So far, the highest altitude a Pakistani has ever achieved is about 87.4 km. B This cooperation sets a good example for other developing countries. C It can encourage more countries to work together in space exploration. D
Since Tiangong’s first part was launched (发射) in 2021, China has planned to have foreign astronauts on the station. Chinese space leaders said China is open to international cooperation. Many countries, including Pakistan, ▲ .
Pakistani trainees will face hard training. They must learn Chinese because it’s the language used in Tiangong. They also need to get their bodies and minds ready for space. They have to learn how to live in microgravity (微重力). After reaching Tiangong, the Pakistani astronaut will do scientific experiments (实验) made by Pakistani researchers.
根据短文内容，回答问题。
16．What can we learn from the agreement
17．How long will it take to choose Pakistani astronaut candidates
18．创新考法·还原信息The sentence “But space starts at 100 km above sea level.” is missing. Where should we put it, A, B, C or D
19．创新考法·补全句子What can we fill in “ ▲ ” in the passage
20．Why do Pakistani trainees have to learn Chinese
Have you heard of “soft skills” before To be honest, they’re abilities that are not taught in school. However, to be truly happy and successful, you need to develop soft skills. Here are some of them.
Understand the power of non-language communication. If you have watched a nature programme, you’ve probably seen how some animals communicate. For example, a wolf can control its young just by using a different look in its eyes. While humans have the ability to speak, about 55% of our face-to-face communication actually takes place through body language.
Know how to make others laugh. I’m sure with your friends and family you have a great sense of humour. However, how about at work or when you meet strangers Break free, and add humour to your actions. Then your personal happiness will rise.
Respect (尊敬) others. Unfortunately, this soft skill seems to be going out of fashion at present. Too many people have become self-centred, and put their own hopes above the needs of other people. Please make sure you respect all those you come into contact with. Interestingly, by respecting others, you’ll find they respect you more in return.
Have persuasive (令人信服的) power. This isn’t some kind of superheroes’ power. It’s an ability that many people have developed. If you learn to communicate persuasively, you will go far.
21．How can a wolf control its young
22．Have these “soft skills” ever been taught in school
23．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
24．What will others do when you respect them
25．Do you like the “soft skill” of respecting others Why or why not
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
A new term called “social phobia (社恐)” has gained attention in China these days. People with social phobia always feel anxious and uncomfortable when talking with others.
The internet has made the MBTI test very popular. Many people take this test to see what they are like. According to the test, there are mainly two kinds of people: extroverted (外向的) and introverted (内向的). Extroverted people enjoy making friends with others, while those who are introverted like to be alone.
However, many people cannot tell the difference between being introverted and having social phobia. In fact, it’s challenging for introverted people to become extroverted. Introverted people are not afraid of talking with others. They just like to stay alone to think more carefully. In this way, they can better solve problems.
But social phobia is very different. It can be more easily overcome because it’s just an emotional response. Even extroverted people can experience social phobia. Some people say they have social phobia as a way to get personal space sometimes. But we should use it properly. Sometimes social phobia is not good for us. Just imagine that a student with social phobia who refuses to answer the teacher’s questions may not improve his grades or learn some useful things.
26．How may people with social phobia feel when talking with others
They may feel .
27．How many main types of people are there according to the MBTI test
There are kinds of people.
28．What do extroverted people enjoy doing
They enjoy .
29．Why do introverted people prefer to stay alone
Because they want to and solve problems better.
30．What does the passage mainly talk about
The passage mainly talks about .
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Did you find it hard to do something because two arms just weren’t enough If so, you might be interested in a new device, a robotic arm. You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest and control it through the muscle you use to breathe. It can move above your shoulders or to your side, depending on what you want to do, says engineer Giulia Domi from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The arm is designed to be used as an extra (额外的) arm.
It’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That’s why Domi’s team made it breath-controlled. Taking a deep breath tells the arm to extend, while breathing out deeply pulls it back. Breathing normally keeps the arm in place.
Before building the real robotic arm, Domi’s team first made one in virtual reality (虚拟现实), or VR. The team found that people seemed to naturally learn to control the virtual arm. The researchers then built a real robotic arm to work like the virtual one had done. Participants who had learned to use the extra virtual arm had a success rate of about 90% using the real one. So it is easy for people to learn to use it.
The extra robotic arms could help people to do extra things. For example, workers could use them to control machinery for risky jobs more easily. Doctors could use the extra arms for surgeries (外科手术). Also, they could be helpful for disabled people or people recovering from accidents or strokes.
However, there is still room for improvement. Although people could use the robotic arm in everyday tasks, they are as expensive as some devices like the VR glasses. Early tests showed that people could look around and talk while using the extra arm. But it’s still not clear how well people can control their two natural arms along with an extra robotic one. “When you add something new, it’s uncertain how much the brain can do with that,” says Jacob George from the University of Utah’s robotics center.
31．Where do people wear this robotic arm
32．Why did Domi’s team design the robotic arm to be breath-controlled
33．What did Domi’s team do before building the real robotic arm
34．What do you think of the robotic arm Why do you think so (Give 2 reasons.)
阅读短文，结合图片提示，完成表格，每空不超过三个词。
You may want a great activity for kids to play outside. Here it comes.
Let’s learn to make a boat and then float (使……漂浮) it in a pool. It is so simple that kids can easily make one and then have fun. Let’s start now.What you need
★3 corks (软木塞) ★elastic bands (橡皮筋) ★colored paper
★scissors (剪刀) ★glue (胶水) ★a stick (木棍)
What you should do
Choose three corks. Use a stick to make a hole (洞) in the middle of a cork.
Join them together with two elastic bands. The one with the hole should be in the middle. Your boat can be better if you glue the corks first.
Then, cut a sail shape (帆形) and a diamond shape (菱形) out of colored paper.
Make holes at the top and bottom (底部) of the sail shape. Then put the stick through the holes.
Cut the stick so that it is not too long. Please be careful.
Glue the diamond shape on the top of your stick to make a flag.
Place the stick into the hole of the middle cork.
Your boat is ready to set sail.
Make a sailboat
*Make a hole in one of the three corks by 35 a stick. *Put the cork with the hole 36 . Join them together with two elastic bands.
*Cut a sail shape and a diamond shape. *Put the stick through the top and bottom of the sail shape. *Carefully cut the stick to make it much 37 .
*Glue the diamond shape on the top of the stick. It can be 38 . * 39 the stick into the hole of the middle cork, and your sailboat is ready.
The bicycle is a wonderful invention. It has been around for more than 200 years. It is a simple, cheap and healthy way to get around. Bicycles are widely used all over the world. In some countries, like the Netherlands, many people choose to ride bicycles to work or school. Bicycles don’t need gas, so they are good for the environment. They also help people keep fit. Riding a bicycle is a great form of exercise. However, bicycles also have some disadvantages. They are not as fast as cars or buses. In bad weather, it can be difficult and uncomfortable to ride a bicycle. Also, you need to wear a helmet to keep safe when riding. Despite these problems, the bicycle remains a popular choice for many people. It is a symbol of a healthy and environmental (环保的) lifestyle. Some cities are even building more bike lanes to encourage people to ride bicycles instead of driving cars.
根据短文内容，完成下列句子 (每空一词).
40．The bicycle is a simple, and healthy way to get around. It has been around for over 200 .
41．Bicycles are widely all over the world. In some countries, many people choose to ride bicycles to work or .
42．Bicycles don’t need gas, so they are good for the . They also help people fit.
43．Bicycles have some disadvantages. They are not as as cars or buses. In bad weather, it can be and uncomfortable to ride a bicycle.
44．Some cities are building more bike lanes to encourage people to ride bicycles instead of cars. It is a symbol of a and environmentally-friendly lifestyle.
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
