Section Ⅵ Grammar —— 合成词
①A keyboard is the part of the computer that you type on.
②What’s the difference between computer hardware and computer software?
③The United States is one of the English-speaking countries.
④Hard-working people are more likely to succeed.
【我的发现】
1.以上句中黑体部分都是合成词,其中句①②是 ,句③④是 。
2.句①中的合成名词由“ + ”构成,句②中的合成名词由“ + ”构成。
3.句③中的合成形容词由“ + ”构成,句④中的合成形容词由“ + ”构成。
把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词法叫作合成构词法。合成词有的用连字符连在一起,有的直接连在一起,常见的合成词有合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词和合成副词等几种类型。
一、合成名词
1.合成名词的数量很多,可以在句中作主语、宾语等。
Sightseeing took up the whole morning.
观光用了整整一上午的时间。(作主语)
Finally they reached a crossroads.
最后他们到了一个十字路口。(作宾语)
2.合成名词的主要构成方式:
(1)名词+名词:classroom教室; newspaper报纸
(2)形容词+名词:blackboard黑板; greenhouse温室
(3)名词+动词-ing形式:handwriting书法; sunbathing日光浴
(4)动词-ing形式+名词:sleeping-pill安眠药; dining-car餐车
(5)名词+介词+名词:commander-in-chief总司令; brother-in-law姐夫/妹夫
(6)动词+副词:get-together联欢会; breakthrough突破
名师点津
(1)“名词+名词”构成的合成名词变为复数时,作定语的名词一般不改变形式,通常把最后一个词变为复数,例如:girlfriend→girlfriends。但man,woman作定语时,需随着其修饰的名词变为复数。例如:a man servant→men servants; a woman teacher→women teachers。
(2)合成名词的复数形式一般是在主体名词后加-s或-es,但如果没有主体名词,则在最后加-s或-es。例如:editors-in-chief (主编), sons-in-law (女婿), passers-by (过路人), stand-bys (旁观者)。
【即时演练1】 (1)把下列合成名词翻译成汉语
①snowfall
②highway
③horse-riding
(2)把下列合成名词变成复数形式
①schoolboy→
②looker-on→
③grown-up→
④woman singer→
二、合成形容词
1.合成形容词的数量很多,多数作定语,有些也可作表语。
They helped us to map out a long-term plan.
他们帮我们设计了一个长远的计划。(作定语)
Are you airsick?
你晕机吗?(作表语)
2.合成形容词的主要构成方式:
(1)名词+形容词:world-famous 世界闻名的
(2)名词+动词-ing形式:peace-loving 热爱和平的
(3)名词+过去分词:heart-broken 伤心的
(4)动词+副词:take-away 外卖的
(5)形容词+名词:long-distance长途的
(6)形容词+形容词:dark-blue 深蓝色的
(7)形容词+名词-ed:strong-minded 意志坚强的
(8)副词+动词-ing形式:hard-working勤劳的
(9)副词+过去分词:well-known 著名的
(10)数词+名词:first-class 头等的
(11)数词+名词-ed:three-cornered 三角的
(12)基数词+名词(单数)+形容词:ten-year-old 十岁大的
【即时演练2】 用合成形容词补全下列句子
①That’s a (十米长的) stone bridge.
②Nylon is a (人造的) fibre.
③A (雪白的) swan swam swiftly to catch a slowly-swimming snake in a lake.
④Our English teacher is a (热心肠的), honest and strict man.
⑤It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was a (三小时的) journey.
三、合成动词
1.合成动词的数量很多,可以在句中作谓语,也可以作非谓语。
He overcame many difficulties and finally succeeded.
他克服了很多困难,最终成功了。(作谓语)
The boy sunbathing on the beach is my deskmate.
在沙滩上晒日光浴的那个男孩是我的同桌。(作定语)
2.合成动词的主要构成方式:
(1)名词+动词:water-cool 用水冷却
(2)形容词+动词:quick-charge 快速充电
(3)副词+动词:outact 行动上胜过
四、合成副词
1.合成副词的数量很多,可以在句中作状语,表语等。
This development did not take place overnight.
这一发展不是一蹴而就的。(作状语)
Trash is everywhere; what a sight!
到处都是垃圾,真煞风景!(作表语)
2.合成副词的主要构成方式:
(1)副词+副词:however 但是
(2)副词+名词:downstairs 在楼下
(3)代词+副词:anywhere 任何地方
(4)形容词+名词:meanwhile 同时
【即时演练3】
(1)把下列合成动词或合成副词翻译成汉语
①typewrite
②underline
③oversleep
④safeguard
⑤upstairs
(2)用合成动词或合成副词填空
①It is important never to (do, over) new exercises.
②His food cost $3, but he was (charge, over) by 50 cents.
③ (mean, while), heat the tomatoes and oil in a pan.
维度一:基础题型练
从方框中选择合适的合成词并用其适当形式填空。
breakdown, color-blind, get-together, greenhouse, man-made,newly-born, warm-hearted, whole-heartedly
1.Most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in .
2.Many countries have sent up satellites to circle the Earth.
3.He would have liked to go to the , but his wife was ill.
4.My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely baby.
5.The little boy over there is and cannot tell blue from yellow.
6.By serving the people , Comrade Lei Feng set us a good example.
7.He worked hard day and night, which led to the of his health.
8.My neighbours are and they are always ready to help people in trouble.
维度二:语法与写作
1.相比人造美,我更喜欢自然美。
I prefer natural beauty to .
2.饮用水来自附近的泉水。
is from a nearby spring.
3.她不会这么轻易地放弃来之不易的自由。
She was not going to give up her so easily.
4.听到这令人心碎的消息,她号啕大哭起来。
She burst into tears at .
5.他两手空空回了家。
He returned home .
6.她随和的天性使她很受欢迎。
Her nature made her popular.
维度三:语法与语篇
根据提示写出正确的合成词。
My brother is really 1. (勤劳的).He often works in his office far into the night.Recently,he and his team have decided to have another 2. (造纸的) factory set up in this town.They found that there are more 3. (新建的) houses in this village than in that one,and a lot of 4. (过路人) were 5. (成年人).In order to find some suitable workers,they decided to hold an 6. (800米的) race next week.
Section Ⅵ Grammar —— 合成词
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.合成名词 合成形容词
2.名词 名词 形容词 名词
3.名词 动词-ing形式 副词 动词-ing形式
即时演练1
(1)①降雪 ②公路 ③骑马
(2)①schoolboys ②lookers-on ③grown-ups
④women singers
即时演练2
①ten-meter-long ②man-made ③snow-white
④warm-hearted ⑤three-hour
即时演练3
(1)①打字 ②在下面画线 ③睡过头 ④捍卫
⑤在楼上
(2)①overdo ②overcharged ③Meanwhile
【素养提升·重练习】
维度一
1.greenhouses 2.man-made 3.get-together
4.newly-born 5.color-blind 6.whole-heartedly
7.breakdown 8.warm-hearted
维度二
1.man-made beauty
2.Drinking-water
3.hard-won freedom
4.the heart-breaking news
5.empty-handed
6.easy-going
维度三
1.hard-working 2.paper-making 3.newly-built
4.passers-by 5.grown-ups 6.800-meter
4 / 4(共27张PPT)
Section Ⅵ
Grammar —— 合成词
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
素养提升·重练习
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
①A keyboard is the part of the computer that you type on.
②What’s the difference between computer hardware and computer
software?
③The United States is one of the English-speaking countries.
④Hard-working people are more likely to succeed.
【我的发现】
1. 以上句中蓝体部分都是合成词,其中句①②是 ,句③
④是 。
2. 句①中的合成名词由“ + ”构成,句②中的合成
名词由“ + ”构成。
3. 句③中的合成形容词由“ + ”构成,句
④中的合成形容词由“ + ”构成。
合成名词
合成形容词
名词
名词
形容词
名词
名词
动词-ing形式
副词
动词-ing形式
把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词法叫作合成构词
法。合成词有的用连字符连在一起,有的直接连在一起,常见的合成
词有合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词和合成副词等几种类型。
一、合成名词
1. 合成名词的数量很多,可以在句中作主语、宾语等。
Sightseeing took up the whole morning.
观光用了整整一上午的时间。(作主语)
Finally they reached a crossroads.
最后他们到了一个十字路口。(作宾语)
2. 合成名词的主要构成方式:
(1)名词+名词:classroom教室; newspaper报纸
(2)形容词+名词:blackboard黑板; greenhouse温室
(3)名词+动词-ing形式:handwriting书法; sunbathing日光浴
(4)动词-ing形式+名词:sleeping-pill安眠药; dining-car餐车
(5)名词+介词+名词:commander-in-chief总司令; brother-in-
law姐夫/妹夫
(6)动词+副词:get-together联欢会; breakthrough突破
名师点津
(1)“名词+名词”构成的合成名词变为复数时,作定语的名词一
般不改变形式,通常把最后一个词变为复数,例如:
girlfriend→girlfriends。但man,woman作定语时,需随着其修饰
的名词变为复数。例如:a man servant→men servants; a woman
teacher→women teachers。
(2)合成名词的复数形式一般是在主体名词后加-s或-es,但如果没
有主体名词,则在最后加-s或-es。例如:editors-in-chief (主
编), sons-in-law (女婿), passers-by (过路人), stand-
bys (旁观者)。
【即时演练1】
(1)把下列合成名词翻译成汉语
①snowfall
②highway
③horse-riding
(2)把下列合成名词变成复数形式
①schoolboy→
②looker-on→
③grown-up→
④woman singer→
降雪
公路
骑马
schoolboys
lookers-on
grown-ups
women singers
二、合成形容词
1. 合成形容词的数量很多,多数作定语,有些也可作表语。
They helped us to map out a long-term plan.
他们帮我们设计了一个长远的计划。(作定语)
Are you airsick?
你晕机吗?(作表语)
2. 合成形容词的主要构成方式:
(1)名词+形容词:world-famous 世界闻名的
(2)名词+动词-ing形式:peace-loving 热爱和平的
(3)名词+过去分词:heart-broken 伤心的
(4)动词+副词:take-away 外卖的
(5)形容词+名词:long-distance长途的
(6)形容词+形容词:dark-blue 深蓝色的
(7)形容词+名词-ed:strong-minded 意志坚强的
(8)副词+动词-ing形式:hard-working勤劳的
(9)副词+过去分词:well-known 著名的
(10)数词+名词:first-class 头等的
(11)数词+名词-ed:three-cornered 三角的
(12)基数词+名词(单数)+形容词:ten-year-old 十岁大的
【即时演练2】 用合成形容词补全下列句子
①That’s a (十米长的) stone bridge.
②Nylon is a (人造的) fibre.
③A (雪白的) swan swam swiftly to catch a slowly-
swimming snake in a lake.
④Our English teacher is a (热心肠的), honest and
strict man.
⑤It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was
a (三小时的) journey.
ten-meter-long
man-made
snow-white
warm-hearted
three-hour
三、合成动词
1. 合成动词的数量很多,可以在句中作谓语,也可以作非谓语。
He overcame many difficulties and finally succeeded.
他克服了很多困难,最终成功了。(作谓语)
The boy sunbathing on the beach is my deskmate.
在沙滩上晒日光浴的那个男孩是我的同桌。(作定语)
2. 合成动词的主要构成方式:
(1)名词+动词:water-cool 用水冷却
(2)形容词+动词:quick-charge 快速充电
(3)副词+动词:outact 行动上胜过
四、合成副词
1. 合成副词的数量很多,可以在句中作状语,表语等。
This development did not take place overnight.
这一发展不是一蹴而就的。(作状语)
Trash is everywhere; what a sight!
到处都是垃圾,真煞风景!(作表语)
2. 合成副词的主要构成方式:
(1)副词+副词:however 但是
(2)副词+名词:downstairs 在楼下
(3)代词+副词:anywhere 任何地方
(4)形容词+名词:meanwhile 同时
【即时演练3】
(1)把下列合成动词或合成副词翻译成汉语
①typewrite
②underline
③oversleep
④safeguard
⑤upstairs
打字
在下面画线
睡过头
捍卫
在楼上
②His food cost $3, but he was (charge,
over) by 50 cents.
③ (mean, while), heat the tomatoes and oil in
a pan.
overcharged
Meanwhile
(2)用合成动词或合成副词填空
①It is important never to (do, over) new
exercises.
overdo
素养提升·重练习
培育学科素养
2
维度一:基础题型练
从方框中选择合适的合成词并用其适当形式填空。
breakdown, color-blind, get-together, greenhouse, man-made,
newly-born, warm-hearted, whole-heartedly
1. Most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in .
2. Many countries have sent up satellites to circle the
Earth.
3. He would have liked to go to the , but his wife was
ill.
greenhouses
man-made
get-together
4. My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely
baby.
5. The little boy over there is and cannot tell blue from
yellow.
6. By serving the people , Comrade Lei Feng set us
a good example.
newly-born
color-blind
whole-heartedly
7. He worked hard day and night, which led to the of his
health.
8. My neighbours are and they are always ready to help
people in trouble.
breakdown
warm-hearted
维度二:语法与写作
1. 相比人造美,我更喜欢自然美。
I prefer natural beauty to .
2. 饮用水来自附近的泉水。
is from a nearby spring.
3. 她不会这么轻易地放弃来之不易的自由。
She was not going to give up her so easily.
4. 听到这令人心碎的消息,她号啕大哭起来。
She burst into tears at .
man-made beauty
Drinking-water
hard-won freedom
the heart-breaking news
5. 他两手空空回了家。
He returned home .
6. 她随和的天性使她很受欢迎。
Her nature made her popular.
empty-handed
easy-going
维度三:语法与语篇
根据提示写出正确的合成词。
My brother is really 1. (勤劳的).He often
works in his office far into the night.Recently,he and his team have
decided to have another 2. (造纸的) factory set up
in this town.They found that there are more 3. (新建
的) houses in this village than in that one,and a lot of 4.
(过路人) were 5. (成年人).In order to find some
suitable workers,they decided to hold an 6. (800米的)
race next week.
hard-working
paper-making
newly-built
passers-by
grown-ups
800-meter
谢谢观看!