Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 HISTORY MAKERS
维度一：品句填词
1.Without any （更多的） thought， Mark turned on the power switch.
2.Treating elders with （尊敬） is a fundamental value in many cultures around the world.
3.During his life he experienced class （歧视）， poverty， and the horrors of war.
4.While the sun’s rays can age and harm our （皮肤）， they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.
5.Zoo animals are often kept behind （铁栅）， but some believe we should offer them more natural living conditions.
6.The group loudly （抗议） the ongoing destruction of the environment in the Amazon rainforest.
7.It is s that we will never have enough resources to meet the demand.
8.Gandi insisted on winning independence by p struggles.
维度二：词形转换
1.It has five （independence） companies with its head office in Ivrea.
2.An （inspire） story sent to the magazine should be real and original.
3.What was so （impression） about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.
4. （judge） from his appearance， he seems to be rich.
5.They have pledged to end （race） discrimination in areas such as employment.
6.He was （respect） by everyone and decided to make great contributions to the country.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面的句子。
1.In the morning I let him （挑选他的衣服） for the day.
2. （毫无疑问） our future is bright.
3. （真遗憾）.You did not go with your mother.
4.If it had not been for his invitation （不久前的某一天）， I should not be here now.
5. （班主任表扬了我） at the class meeting the other day.
6.There are less fresh vegetables （由于天气寒冷）.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A friend brought clothes over to my house.“I was cleaning out my closet and thought you could use these clothes.” “Thanks，” I said.The clothes were clean， but the wrong size for me.I kept a couple of shirts and donated the rest.
It wasn’t long before yet another friend came over.“I have too many clothes，” she said.“I thought you might need them.” Again I gracefully accepted them.Again， most were too big， but I kept some more shirts.
My friends were good people.But why were they always giving me their used clothes？ I looked in the mirror at my typical outfit of jeans and an old shirt.I rarely ever bought myself anything new.
My priority （优先的事） was always my four children.I would give up everything so they could have voice lessons， dance lessons and money for a school trip.I was the one who sacrificed， who took care of everyone else but me.
I was a victim in life.“I am so ugly and fat.I can’t do anything right.No one loves me.No one cares me.” These words usually ran through my head.
Why， when I complained to my friends about how much I sacrificed， did they suddenly go silent and have to hang up the phone to answer the door？
Then one day I thought a lot.The Bible said to love others as yourself.I realised this one day and it floored me when the sad truth was revealed.I loved my family a lot， but I didn’t love me.It was then I realised I could change things.I had the power to change my life completely.Nothing was stopping me except for my biggest obstacle — me.
I changed “I’m ugly.” into “I’m beautiful.”I changed “Nothing good ever happens to me.”to “Great things happen to me.”
Miracles began happening.I faced my fears and chased after my dreams.I stopped complaining about life， and soon my friends didn’t mind talking to me again.Some of them actually looked forward to my phone calls.
And then， one day， I noticed that people weren’t offering me their hand-me-downs anymore.
1.Why did the author’s friends give her used clothes？（ ）
A.She was a victim in life.
B.She was short of money.
C.She wasn’t well-dressed enough.
D.She was fond of beautiful clothes.
2.Why did the author decide to make a change？（ ）
A.Her children had influence on her.
B.Her friends gave her some advice.
C.Something special happened to her.
D.She went through self-examination.
3.What led to the miracles to the author’s life？（ ）
A.Transforming her living habits.
B.Bettering her living conditions.
C.Changing her attitude towards life.
D.Improving her personal relationships.
B
The 24 solar terms， based on the sun’s position in the zodiac （黄道带）， were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities.The 24 solar terms reflect the changes in climate， natural phenomena， agricultural production， and other aspects of human life， including clothing， food， housing， and transportation.The 24 solar terms play important roles and have greatly influenced people’s basic needs in life， and they still have an important function nowadays.
During the Shang Dynasty， ancient people have decided 4 solar terms： The Spring Equinox （Chun Fen）， The Summer Solstice （Xia Zhi）， The Autumn Equinox （Qiu Fen）， The Winter Solstice （Dong Zhi） by observing the shadow at noon.When the shadow is shortest in a year， it is Summer Solstice， the longest is Winter Solstice and the moderate is Spring Equinox or Autumn Equinox.In the Zhou Dynasty， eight solar terms were used.In 104 BCE， the astronomical positions of 24 solar terms were decided.
These twenty-four solar terms each suggest the position of the sun every time it travels 15 degrees on the ecliptic longitude （黄经）.A cycle is that the Earth revolves around the sun for one time.It begins from the Beginning of Spring （Li Chun） and ends at Greater Cold （Da Han）.In each month there are often two solar terms： the first one is generally named “Jie Qi” and the other one “Zhong Qi”.
These solar terms have meaningful titles.Some of them reflect the change of seasons such as the Beginning of Spring， the Beginning of Summer， the Beginning of Autumn， and the Beginning of Winter； some embody the phenomena of climate like the Waking of Insects （Jing Zhe）， Pure Brightness （Qing Ming）， Lesser Fullness of Grain （Xiao Man） and Grain in Beard （Mang Zhong）； some indicate the change of climate like Rain Water （Yu Shui）， Grain Rain （Gu Yu）， Lesser Heat （Xiao Shu）， Greater Heat （Da Shu）， and so on.
4.Why were the 24 solar terms created？（ ）
A.To help farmers with farming.
B.To help soldiers to fight in wars.
C.To enrich traditional Chinese culture.
D.To help people know about the weather.
5.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
A.How the 24 solar terms work.
B.Why the 24 solar terms are popular.
C.The history of the 24 solar terms.
D.The importance of the 24 solar terms.
6.What decides each of the 24 solar terms？（ ）
A.The sun’s position.
B.The Earth’s position.
C.The sun’s movement.
D.The Earth’s movement.
7.Which of the following indicates the phenomena of climate？（ ）
A.Rain Water.
B.Greater Heat.
C.The Waking of Insects.
D.The Beginning of Summer.
C
Finding and then developing a talent， hobby， or passion can be one of the most important things for you.
Why is it that when we think of talents we think in terms of the “traditional” talents， such as the athlete， dancer， or award-winning scholar？ The truth is， talents come in a variety of forms.Don’t think small.You may have a skill in reading， writing， or speaking.You may have a gift for rhythm， remembering details， telling stories， or being accepting of others.You may have organizational， musical， or leadership skills.It doesn’t matter where your talent may lie， whether it’s chess， drama， or skateboarding， when you do something you like doing and have a talent for — it’s exciting.It’s a form of self-expression.And as this girl proves， it builds self-confidence.
You might die laughing when I tell you that I have a real talent and love for weeds.And I’m talking about weeds and flowers that grow everywhere.I realised that I always noticed them， while others just wanted them cut down.
So I started picking them and pressing them — and eventually making beautiful pictures and postcards and art objects with them.I have been able to cheer many a sad soul with one of these personalized cards.I’m often asked to do arrangements of flowers for others and to share my knowledge of preserving pressed plants.
It’s given me so much joy and confidence — just knowing I have the special gift and appreciation for something most people ignore.But it even goes beyond that — it’s taught me that if there’s so much to just simple weeds， how much more is there to almost everything else in life？ It’s made me look deeper.It makes me an explorer.
8.What does the author think of people’s understanding of talents？（ ）
A.It’s too narrow.
B.It’s hard to explain.
C.It’s very reasonable.
D.It includes too many skills.
9.What does the author want to show by giving the example of the girl？（ ）
A.Everything can be useful.
B.Weeds have their benefits.
C.Everyone needs to develop a skill.
D.A talent can make you confident.
10.What do we learn about the girl？（ ）
A.She liked planting weeds.
B.She had a variety of skills.
C.She was creative and generous.
D.She was hardworking and patient.
11.What’s the girl’s final conclusion about weeds？（ ）
A.They make her life colourful.
B.They give her purpose of life.
C.They bring her joy and honour.
D.They help her view things deeply.
D
You have probably heard of the Mozart effect.It’s the idea that if children or even babies listen to music composed by Mozart they will become more intelligent.A quick Internet search reveals plenty of products to assist you in the task.Whatever your age， there are CDs and books to help you to make use of the power of Mozart’s music.
The phrase “the Mozart effect” was created in 1991， but it is a study described two years later in the journal Nature that sparked real media and public interest about the idea that listening to classical music somehow improves the brain.
In 2006 a large study was conducted in Britain involving eight thousand children.They listened either to ten minutes of Mozart’s String Quintet in D Major， or to three pop songs： Blur’s Country House， Return of the Mack by Mark Morrison and PJ & Duncan’s Stepping Stone.Once again music improved the ability to predict paper shapes， but this time it wasn’t a Mozart effect， but a Blur effect.The children who listened to Mozart did well， but with pop music they did even better.
Whatever your musical choice， your mind needs to get a little more active， it needs something to get it going.In fact， it doesn’t have to be music.Anything that makes you more alert （敏捷的） should work just as well — doing a few star jumps or drinking some coffee， for example.
There is a way in which music can make a difference to your IQ， though.Unfortunately， it requires a bit more effort than putting on a CD.Learning to play a musical instrument can have a beneficial effect on your brain.Jessica Grahn， a scientist at Western University in London， Ontario says that a year of piano lessons， combined with regular practice can increase IQ by as much as three points.So listening to Mozart won’t do you or your children any harm and could be the start of a lifelong love of classical music.
12.The phrase “the Mozart effect” was first known to the public .（ ）
A.in 1991 B.in 1993 C.in 2006 D.in 2008
13.Which of the following produced the best effect in the study conducted in Britain in 2006？（ ）
A.Mozart’s String Quintet in D Major.
B.Blur’s Country House.
C.Mark Morrison’s Return of the Mack.
D.PJ & Duncan’s Stepping Stone.
14.What does the write intend to tell us by giving the example of the 2006 study？（ ）
A.The popular music improves our performance.
B.The classical music improves our performance.
C.Whatever we are fond of improves our performance.
D.Whatever makes us active improves our performance.
15.What does the write think of listening to Mozart’s music？（ ）
A.Its effect isn’t that magic.
B.It does harm to small children.
C.It doesn’t make any difference.
D.It greatly improves our brainpower.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Steps to happiness
Life is full of happiness and sadness.The following skills can help improve your state of happiness.
Be kind to yourself
It is not always easy as we are often not confident.But those little troubles， such as when we make a mistake， and when we judge ourselves as “stupid” or such like， can actually have quite an impact on our mental well-being.16.（ ）
Find your happiness
For some people， watching 90 minutes of man running around and kicking a ball brings great joy and passion.17.（ ） We are all different， and knowing what bring you peace and happiness helps.Explore more and find what you really like.
Move
18.（ ） Humans weren’t designed to sit all day long.Apart from getting fat， and increasing the risk of diseases， sitting all day leads to boredom.And the more you sit doing nothing， the worse it gets.So， make a start now and take a walk.
Improve your relationships
We all need others.19.（ ） Again， humans are social creatures， so getting out to see friends is important， even taking time to talk to those you live with is important.Put down your device and actually have a chat.It can really boost your mood.
Eat properly
Eat the right foods and you’ll feel an obvious change in your attitude and mental wellbeing in a few weeks.20.（ ） Avoid lots of processed food.
A few simple steps can improve your mental status.Give it a try， a few minor changes can make all the difference to your happiness.
A.Challenge yourself.
B.Get up and walk， or go jogging.
C.It’s hard to be an island， entire of itself.
D.Being kind to others is also important.
E.Instead of being negative on yourself， try being positive.
F.For others， this is similar to a trip to the dentist for root treatment.
G.Aim for a well-balanced diet and one that is as close to nature as possible.
Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 HISTORY MAKERS
基础知识自测
维度一
1.further 2.respect 3.discrimination 4.skin 5.bars 6.protested 7.self-evident 8.peaceful
维度二
1.independent 2.inspiring 3.impressive 4.Judging
5.racial 6.respected
维度三
1.pick out his clothes
2.There’s no doubt that
3.What a shame
4.the other day
5.I was praised by my headteacher
6.because of the cold weather
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者曾经消极悲观，后来她通过改变自己的态度，人生焕发出新的生机。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者穿着很不讲究，经常穿旧衣服，因此她的朋友才会想到送给她衣服。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第七段可知，作者有一天想了很多，终于想明白不但要关心别人也要关心自己这个道理。
3.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知，作者通过改变自己的观念和人生态度，使自己的生活发生了巨大的改变，产生了奇迹般的效果。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。二十四节气是中国古代农民根据气候变化对一年进行的节令划分。在国际气象界，二十四节气被誉为“中国的第五大发明”。2016年11月30日，二十四节气被正式列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。
4.A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，二十四节气由中国古代农民创造，用来指导农业事务和农业活动。
5.C 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要讲述了二十四节气的发展历史。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，二十四节气分别表示太阳在黄道经度上运行15度时所处的位置。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，二十四节气中有些表达了气候现象，如惊蛰。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为，人们对“才能”的传统观念过于狭窄，其实，“才能”可以更广泛。
8.A 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者认为，“才能”不应该只局限于人们通常认为的体育、舞蹈、学术等，其所指可以更加广泛。由此可知，作者认为人们对于“才能”的传统观念过于狭窄。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第二段结尾可知，作者在下文列举小女孩的例子是为了说明：一项才能或技能可以帮助我们建立自信。
10.C 推理判断题。根据最后三段可知，这个女孩不但心灵手巧、极具创意（能利用野草来制作卡片），而且还很有爱心（用自己制作的卡片来安慰鼓励他人）。
11.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，这个女孩认为：对野草的热爱和利用野草制作卡片的技能，不但给她快乐与自信，而且更重要的是——帮助她更深入地探索生活中的一切。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“莫扎特效应”告诉我们，聆听莫扎特创作的古典音乐会让孩子变得更聪明。事实真的如此吗？
12.B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，“莫扎特效应”一词在1991年被创造，两年后开始引起公众的广泛注意。
13.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的this time it wasn’t a Mozart effect， but a Blur effect可知，Blur的音乐产生的效果最好。
14.D 细节理解题。第三段介绍了2006年在英国所做的一项研究，第四段是作者针对该研究所做的总结，其结论是：Anything that makes you more alert （敏捷的） should work just as well。
15.A 推理判断题。作者在第三段引用2006年的一项研究证明：在提升智力和表现方面，听莫扎特的音乐并不比听流行音乐效果更好；作者在最后一段又指出，听莫扎特的音乐对于培养对古典音乐的兴趣当然是有用的。由此可知，作者认为“莫扎特效应”并没有人们想象得那么神奇。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高幸福感的几种方法。
16.E 根据上文可知，当我们犯错时，我们会认为自己很愚蠢，这对心理会造成巨大的伤害；再结合小标题可知，此处应该与上文构成转折关系，即要善待自己，多想想好的方面。故E项符合语境。
17.F 根据空前一句可知，空格处应该讲述每个人所追求的幸福是不一样的。所以F项符合语境，F项中的others与上文some构成固定结构some ...others ...
18.B 根据小标题可知，本段应该讲述运动也是追求幸福的一种方法。所以B项（站起来走走，或者慢跑）符合语境。
19.C 根据上文We all need others.可知，本空应该对这一概念进行阐述。所以C项符合语境，是对上文进行进一步阐释，说明我们在别人的陪伴下，才不会变得孤独。
20.G 根据空前一句以及下文Avoid lots of processed food.可知，本空应该讲述如何选择合理的饮食。故G项符合语境。
6 / 6Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 HISTORY MAKERS
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1.给……让座
2.被关押，被监禁
3.作一次演讲
4.获得诺贝尔和平奖
5.不久前的某一天
6.为……而战
7.放弃
8.in the end
9.next to
10.start with
11.judge by
12.treat ...as ...
13.believe in
14.be sure about
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
Ⅰ.听教材听力6.3，回答第1至3题。
1.What was Martin Luther King like in his childhood？（ ）
A.He was clever.
B.He was friendly.
C.He was hardworking.
2.What did King ask all black people to do in 1955？（ ）
A.Stop taking buses.
B.March to Washington，D.C.
C.Sit next to white people on buses.
3.When did King receive the Nobel Peace Prize？（ ）
A.In 1963.
B.In 1964.
C.In 1968.
Ⅱ.再听教材听力6.3，根据所听内容填空。
1.Hello.I’m sure everyone knows about Martin Luther King — a great man who fought to for black people in the US.Today， we have Dr.Sam Roberts here to tell us more about him.So what was King like as ？
2.That’s when people were due to their skin colour.Here’s an example.In 1943， King took the bus with .The white driver told them to give their seats to white people.
3.King didn’t want to .He believed that black people should be treated the same as .However， in the end， they .
4.Yes.In ， King organised a bus protest， and asked all black people to stop .After some struggles， they won the right to sit on buses.This was King’s .
5.Indeed.King will always be remembered for to help black people in the US.He has also inspired people around the world to fight for .
Ⅲ.听教材听力6.4，回答第1、2题。
1.When did India become an independent country？（ ）
A.In 1947. B.In 1948. C.In 1949.
2.Where did the girl get the information about newspaper？（ ）
A.On the newspaper.
B.On the Internet.
C.On a radio programme.
Ⅳ.再听教材听力6.4，根据所听内容填空。
1.So， for our ， maybe we can talk about Gandhi？ I really admire and him， and there’s no doubt that he was one of the most important figures of .
2.Oh！ I didn’t about that.And I guess we should also Gandhi’s Nobel Peace Prize.
3.Right.But perhaps we should a few other websites.Sometimes the information on the Internet can be .
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
还记得游泳明星萨莉·格林吗？让我们一起了解一下她的近况吧！
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
Do you remember Sally Green， the swimming star？ 1 Where is she now？Last week our reporter， Tom Parker went to see Sally in her home， California.
M：Is it true that you don’t swim at all now？
W：I’m afraid so.I’m too old.
M： 2
W：That’s too old for a swimmer.If I swim in an international competition now， I wouldn’t win. 3
M：But don’t you enjoy swimming？
W：I used to when I was still small.But if you enter for big competitions you have to work very hard.I used to get up at 6：00 am to go to the pool.I had to train before school， after school and at weekends. 4
M：But you were famous at fifteen.And look at all these cups.
W：It’s true that I have some wonderful memories.I enjoyed visiting other countries， and the Olympics were very exciting. 5 While other girls were growing up， I was swimming.What can I do？
A.But you are only twenty.
B.So I’d rather not swim at all.
C.But I missed more important things.
D.I swam thirty-five miles every week.
E.She was the girl who broke all the records last Olympics.
是什么让足球明星卡尔·凯塞尔成为如此成功的球员……
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
W：Welcome back to Soccer Tips.We’re talking to soccer star Karl Kessel. Hi， Karl. Could you tell us 1. （是什么让您成为如此成功的球员）？
M：Well， besides practice and pure hard work， keeping to a set routine on game day is something that’s helped me a lot.
W：Could you tell us a bit about your game day routine， Karl？
M：Well， it’s important to get a long rest the night before a game.2. （在我们打球的日子里，我通常起得很晚）.
W：What time？
M：About 8：30.I don’t eat right away.I leave home and 3. （到达体育场） at about 9：20.Then I have breakfast with the team at ten.
W：Do you have a team meeting on a game day？
M：Of course， that’s very important.4. （我们11点聚在一起讨论战略问题）.We watch highlight tapes of past games with the other team at 12：30 or so ...
W：That’s so you can identify any mistakes you made？
M：And to remind us of the kinds of strategies they use.After that， we relax and eat a light lunch together at two.
W：What about loosening up before the game？
M：We 5. （做热身运动） starting at about 4：45， so we’re ready to play by the time the game starts at 5：30.
听力技巧点拨 ——授之以渔，证之以例
理清事件顺序，理解事情脉络
次序指事情发生的顺序。做听力题的时候，要注意与顺序有关的单词，如first， after， the next year， later， in the end等。记下任何特定的日期或时间表达方式，如today， January， in 1955等。在听力中经常会对对话中出现的一些时间进行提问，有时需要进行一些简单的运算。
1.此类问题的提问形式通常为：
（1）When/At what time did the conversation/dialogue take place？
（2）When is the man/woman going to ...？
（3）How long ...？
（4）How often ...？
2.做此类听力题时要注意的问题如下
（1）根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间，如before， after， when， while， then， until， later， right away， immediately， as soon as possible等。
（2）掌握年、月、日、星期等时间的表达方法。注意一些表示时间的词，如 quarter， a couple of days， twilight， eve， fortnight （two weeks）， dawn （daybreak）， dusk （time just before night） 等。同时注意英、美不同的时间表达方式，如2：15读作 a quarter past two （英）或 two fifteen （美）；2：30读作 half past two （英）或 two thirty （美） 等。
（3）听的时候注意相似音的干扰，做到准确区分，如fourteen和forty中/'ti n/和/ti/的区别不仅在于一个是长元音/i /，另一个是短元音/i/，而且/'ti n/是重读音节，而/ti/不重读。
【典例】 Which of the following is the correct order？（ ）
①Mix in lots of salt.②Gently lower the egg into the water.③Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is nearly full.④Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.
A.④②①③ B.④①③②
C.①④③② D.③④①②
【听力原文】
M：So how to do the experiment？
W：Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.Mix in lots of salt （about 6 tablespoons）.Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is nearly full （be careful not to mix the salt water with the plain water）.Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.
【分析】 此段对话比较简单。根据女士介绍的实验步骤可知，第一步是④，第二步是①，用排除法即可选出答案。故此题答案为B。
核心词汇集释
pick out 挑选
【教材原句】 Pick out the right information for each of them.
为他们每个人挑选正确的信息。
【用法】
pick on 故意刁难/挑剔，闹别扭
pick oneself up 跌倒后站起来
pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；（偶然）学会；用车接某人；收听到；身体好转；取回
【佳句】 Linda was really amazing！She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job. （人物描写）
琳达真是了不起！她从数千名申请人中被挑选出来做那份工作。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He picked some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.
②“Why pick my family？” Jessica’s father said with anger.
③It took Mary a long time to pick a new dress at the store.
【写美】 完成句子
④If you love helping improve the environment， .（建议信）
如果你喜欢帮助改善环境，就去植树或捡垃圾。
protest n.& vi.& vt.抗议；反对；申辩
【教材原句】 He organised many peaceful protests ...
他组织了许多次和平抗议……
【用法】
（1）stage/make a protest against ...
对……提出抗议
under protest 在抗议下；无奈地
without protest 无异议地；心甘情愿地
（2）protest about/against/at ...
对……提出抗议
protest that ... 坚持说……，申辩道……
【佳句】 In the novel， the young heroine protests against the outdated traditions that restrict her freedom. （文学评论）
在小说中，年轻的女主角抗议限制她自由的过时传统。
【练透】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①They’re protesting working conditions.
②The workers staged a protest the proposal.
③They agree to the proposal only （无奈地）.
④She accepted the charge （毫无异议）.
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.
judge vi.& vt.评价；判断n.法官；裁判员
【教材原句】 ...I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character ...……我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将在一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评判他们的国度里生活……
【用法】
（1）judge ...from/by ... 以……来判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断
（2）judging from/by ... 依据……来判断
（3）judgement n. 判断，判断力；评价
make a judgement about ... 对……作出评价
【佳句】 I am writing to ask you to act as a judge for the upcoming debate competition.我写信是想请您在即将到来的辩论比赛中担任评委。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Judging what he said， he must be an honest man.
②He refused to make judgement about the situation.
【写美】 完成句子
③ ， the solution appears to be the most effective.
据我判断，这个解决方案似乎是最有效的。
impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的
【教材原句】 Very impressive indeed！的确让人印象深刻！
【用法】
（1）impress vt. 打动；给……留下深刻的好印象；使意识到（重要性）
使某人牢记某事
（2）impression n. 印象
leave/make/have a good/deep impression on sb 给某人留下好/深刻的印象
（3）impressed adj. 钦佩的，有深刻的好印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻
【佳句】 We can start the habit by writing learning summary and recording something impressive and meaningful. （建议信）
我们可以通过写学习总结和记录一些令人印象深刻且有意义的东西来开始这个习惯。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Why does it matter that people are more （impress） by the most recent changes？
②Our parents and teachers often impress the importance of studying hard us.
③You can watch a Peking Opera show in the afternoon， which is a good chance to enjoy the （impress） performance featuring our traditional culture.
【写美】 完成句子
④The new teacher by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.
这位新老师以她丰富的知识和幽默的讲话给学生们留下了很好的印象。
respect vt.& n.尊敬；敬佩；方面；敬意；问候
【教材原句】 I really admire and respect him， and there’s no doubt that he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century.
我非常钦佩和尊敬他，毫无疑问他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。
【用法】
（1）respect sb for sth 因某事尊敬或敬重某人
（2）have/show respect for sb 对某人表示尊敬或敬重
out of respect for ... 出于对……的尊敬；顾及
with respect 受到尊重地
in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面
【佳句】 I really had respect for the poor mother from the bottom of my heart.She set a good example for her children to follow.（心理、动作描写）
我真的从心底里尊敬这位可怜的母亲。她为孩子们树立了一个学习的好榜样。
【点津】 respect作名词意为“敬意，问候”时，多用复数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空/语境辨义
①He is an honest man and ready to help others， which I respect him.
②Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice， out respect for farmers’ labour.
③The moment you meet your parents， please give my respects to them.
④The plan was good in every respect， and we must carry it out well.
【写美】 完成句子
⑤In China， we attach great importance to .
在中国，我们认为尊敬长辈是很重要的。
重点句型解构
句型公式：there’s no doubt that ...毫无疑问……
【教材原句】 I really admire and respect him， and there’s no doubt that he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century.
我非常钦佩和尊敬他，毫无疑问他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。
【用法】
（1）There is no doubt of/about ...毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether ... ……有疑问
I have no doubt that ... 我确信……
（2）I don’t/never doubt that ... 我确信……
I doubt whether/if ... 我怀疑……
【品悟】 There is no doubt that it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others.毫无疑问，用我们自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。
I doubt whether/if I will pass the driving test next month.
我不知道我下个月能否通过驾驶考试。
【写美】 完成句子
①I he will succeed，for he is so determined and hard-working.
我确信他会成功，因为他是如此地坚定和勤奋。
② mastering English can help us gain global perspectives as well as drawing inspiration from the whole world， which can help us go further.
掌握英语无疑可以帮助我们获得全球视角，并从全世界汲取灵感，从而帮助我们走得更远。
Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 HISTORY MAKERS
【话题听说·勤操练】
听说课前清障
1.give one’s seat to 2.be put behind bars 3.make a speech
4.receive the Nobel Peace Prize 5.the other day 6.fight for
7.give up 8.最后 9.紧挨着 10.开始 11.由……判断 12.把……当……对待 13.相信 14.确信
话题听力提能
Ⅰ.1－3 AAB
Ⅱ.1.win equal rights； a child 2.treated unfairly； his black teacher； two 3.give up his seat； white people； had to do it 4.1955； taking buses； next to white people； first victory 5.doing a lot； equal rights and justice
Ⅲ.1－2 AC
Ⅳ.1.school project； respect； the 20th century
2.know； mention
3.check； wrong
话题表达实战
Scene One 1－5 EABDC
Scene Two
1.what makes you such a successful player
2.I usually get up pretty late on the days we’re playing
3.arrive at the stadium
4.We get together at eleven to talk about strategy
5.do warm-up exercises
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①up ②on ③out ④plant trees or pick up litter
2.①about/against/at ②against ③under protest
④without protest ⑤stage/make a protest against
3.①from/by ②a ③As far as I can judge
4.①impressed ②on/upon ③impressive ④left/made a good impression on the students
5.①for ②of ③敬意；问候 ④细节；方面 ⑤showing/having respect for the elderly
重点句型解构
①do not doubt that ②There is no doubt that
7 / 7(共88张PPT)
Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 HISTORY MAKERS
1
话题听说·勤操练
目 录
2
核心知识·巧突破
3
课时检测·提能力
话题听说·勤操练
志在强化技能
1
听说课前清障——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1. 给……让座
2. 被关押，被监禁
3. 作一次演讲
4. 获得诺贝尔和平奖
5. 不久前的某一天
6. 为……而战
7. 放弃
8. in the end
give one’s seat to
be put behind bars
make a speech
receive the Nobel Peace Prize
the other day
fight for
give up
最后
9. next to
10. start with
11. judge by
12. treat ...as ...
13. believe in
14. be sure about
由……判断
把……当……对待
相信
确信
紧挨着
开始
话题听力提能——捕捉信息，精准判断
Ⅰ.听教材听力6.3，回答第1至3题。
1. What was Martin Luther King like in his childhood？（ ）
A. He was clever.
B. He was friendly.
C. He was hardworking.
2. What did King ask all black people to do in 1955？（ ）
A. Stop taking buses.
B. March to Washington，
C. Sit next to white people on buses.
3. When did King receive the Nobel Peace Prize？（ ）
A. In 1963. B. In 1964. C. In 1968.
Ⅱ.再听教材听力6.3，根据所听内容填空。
1. Hello.I’m sure everyone knows about Martin Luther King — a great
man who fought to for black people in the US.
Today， we have Dr.Sam Roberts here to tell us more about him.So
what was King like as ？
2. That’s when people were due to their skin
colour.Here’s an example.In 1943， King took the bus with
.The white driver told them to give their seats to
white people.
win equal rights
a child
treated unfairly
his
black teacher
two
3. King didn’t want to .He believed that black people
should be treated the same as .However， in the end，
they .
4. Yes.In ， King organised a bus protest， and asked all black
people to stop .After some struggles， they won the
right to sit on buses.This was King’s
.
5. Indeed.King will always be remembered for to help
black people in the US. He has also inspired people around the world to
fight for .
give up his seat
white people
had to do it
1955
taking buses
next to white people
first
victory
doing a lot
equal rights and justice
Ⅲ.听教材听力6.4，回答第1、2题。
1. When did India become an independent country？（ ）
A. In 1947. B. In 1948. C. In 1949.
2. Where did the girl get the information about newspaper？（ ）
A. On the newspaper.
B. On the Internet.
C. On a radio programme.
Ⅳ.再听教材听力6.4，根据所听内容填空。
1. So， for our ， maybe we can talk about Gandhi？ I
really admire and him， and there’s no doubt that he was
one of the most important figures of .
2. Oh！ I didn’t about that.And I guess we should
also Gandhi’s Nobel Peace Prize.
3. Right.But perhaps we should a few other websites.Sometimes the information on the Internet can be .
school project
respect
the 20th century
know
mention
check
wrong
话题表达实战——聚焦主题，定向突破
还记得游泳明星萨莉·格林吗？让我们一起了解一下她
的近况吧！
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
Do you remember Sally Green， the swimming star？ 1 Where is
she now？Last week our reporter， Tom Parker went to see Sally in her
home， California.
M：Is it true that you don’t swim at all now？
W：I’m afraid so.I’m too old.
M： 2
W：That’s too old for a swimmer.If I swim in an international
competition now， I wouldn’t win. 3
M：But don’t you enjoy swimming？
W：I used to when I was still small.But if you enter for big competitions
you have to work very hard.I used to get up at 6：00 am to go to the
pool.I had to train before school， after school and at weekends. 4
M：But you were famous at fifteen.And look at all these cups.
W：It’s true that I have some wonderful memories.I enjoyed visiting
other countries， and the Olympics were very exciting. 5 While other
girls were growing up， I was swimming.What can I do？
A. But you are only twenty.
B. So I’d rather not swim at all.
C. But I missed more important things.
D. I swam thirty-five miles every week.
E. She was the girl who broke all the records last Olympics.
答案：1－5 EABDC
是什么让足球明星卡尔·凯塞尔成为如此成功的球
员……
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
W：Welcome back to Soccer Tips.We’re talking to soccer star Karl
Kessel. Hi， Karl. Could you tell us 1.
（是什么让您成为如此成功的球员）？
M：Well， besides practice and pure hard work， keeping to a set routine
on game day is something that’s helped me a lot.
what makes you such a
successful player
W：Could you tell us a bit about your game day routine， Karl？
M：Well， it’s important to get a long rest the night before a
game.2. （在
我们打球的日子里，我通常起得很晚）.
W：What time？
M：About 8：30.I don’t eat right away.I leave home and 3.
（到达体育场）at about 9：20.Then I have breakfast with
the team at ten.
W：Do you have a team meeting on a game day？
I usually get up pretty late on the days we’re playing
arrive at
the stadium
M：Of course， that’s very important.4.
（我们11点聚在一起讨论战略问题）.We watch
highlight tapes of past games with the other team at 12：30 or so ...
W：That’s so you can identify any mistakes you made？
M：And to remind us of the kinds of strategies they use.After that， we
relax and eat a light lunch together at two.
W：What about loosening up before the game？
M：We 5. （做热身运动） starting at about
4：45， so we’re ready to play by the time the game starts at 5：30.
We get together at eleven to
talk about strategy
do warm-up exercises
听力技巧点拨——授之以渔，证之以例
理清事件顺序，理解事情脉络
次序指事情发生的顺序。做听力题的时候，要注意与顺序有关的
单词，如first， after， the next year， later， in the end等。记下任何
特定的日期或时间表达方式，如today， January， in 1955等。在听力
中经常会对对话中出现的一些时间进行提问，有时需要进行一些简单
的运算。
1. 此类问题的提问形式通常为：
（1）When/At what time did the conversation/dialogue take place？
（2）When is the man/woman going to ...？
（3）How long ...？
（4）How often ...？
2. 做此类听力题时要注意的问题如下
（1）根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间，如before，
after， when， while， then， until， later， right away，
immediately， as soon as possible等。
（2）掌握年、月、日、星期等时间的表达方法。注意一些表示
时间的词，如 quarter， a couple of days， twilight，
eve， fortnight （two weeks）， dawn （daybreak），
dusk （time just before night） 等。同时注意英、美不同
的时间表达方式，如2：15读作 a quarter past two （英）
或 two fifteen （美）；2：30读作 half past two （英）或
two thirty （美） 等。
（3）听的时候注意相似音的干扰，做到准确区分，如fourteen和
forty中/'ti n/和/ti/的区别不仅在于一个是长元音/i /，另一个是
短元音/i/，而且/'ti n/是重读音节，而/ti/不重读。
【典例】 Which of the following is the correct order？（ ）
①Mix in lots of salt.
②Gently lower the egg into the water.
③Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is nearly full.
④Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.
A. ④②①③ B. ④①③②
C. ①④③② D. ③④①②
【听力原文】
M：So how to do the experiment？
W：Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.Mix in lots of salt
（about 6 tablespoons）.Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is
nearly full （be careful not to mix the salt water with the plain
water）.Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.
【分析】 此段对话比较简单。根据女士介绍的实验步骤可知，第一
步是④，第二步是①，用排除法即可选出答案。故此题答案为B。
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
2
核心词汇集释
pick out 挑选
【教材原句】 Pick out the right information for each of them.为他们
每个人挑选正确的信息。
【用法】
pick on 故意刁难/挑剔，闹别扭
pick oneself up 跌倒后站起来
pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；（偶然）学会；用车接某人；
收听到；身体好转；取回
【佳句】 Linda was really amazing！She was picked out from
thousands of applicants for the job. （人物描写）
琳达真是了不起！她从数千名申请人中被挑选出来做那份工作。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He picked some French while he was away on a business trip in
Paris.
②“Why pick my family？” Jessica’s father said with anger.
③It took Mary a long time to pick a new dress at the store.
up
on
out
【写美】 完成句子
④If you love helping improve the environment，
. （建议信）
如果你喜欢帮助改善环境，就去植树或捡垃圾。
plant trees or pick up
litter
protest n.& vi.& vt.抗议；反对；申辩
【教材原句】 He organised many peaceful protests ...他组织了许多
次和平抗议……
【用法】
（1）stage/make a protest against ... 对……提出抗议
under protest 在抗议下；无奈地
without protest 无异议地；心甘情愿地
（2）protest about/against/at ... 对……提出抗议
protest that ... 坚持说……，申辩道……
【佳句】 In the novel， the young heroine protests against the
outdated traditions that restrict her freedom.（文学评论）
在小说中，年轻的女主角抗议限制她自由的过时传统。
【练透】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①They’re protesting working conditions.
②The workers staged a protest the proposal.
③They agree to the proposal only （无奈地）.
④She accepted the charge （毫无异议）.
about/against/at
against
under protest
without protest
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.
stage/make a protest against
judge vi.& vt.评价；判断n.法官；裁判员
【教材原句】 ...I have a dream that my four little children will one
day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their
skin but by the content of their character ...……我梦想有一天，我的四
个孩子将在一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评判他
们的国度里生活……
【用法】
（1）judge ...from/by ... 以……来判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断
（2）judging from/by ... 依据……来判断
（3）judgement n. 判断，判断力；评价
make a judgement about ... 对……作出评价
【佳句】 I am writing to ask you to act as a judge for the upcoming
debate competition.
我写信是想请您在即将到来的辩论比赛中担任评委。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Judging what he said， he must be an honest man.
②He refused to make judgement about the situation.
from/by
a
【写美】 完成句子
③ ， the solution appears to be the most
effective.
据我判断，这个解决方案似乎是最有效的。
As far as I can judge
impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的
【教材原句】 Very impressive indeed！的确让人印象深刻！
【用法】
（1）impress vt. 打动；给……留下深刻的好印象；
使意识到（重要性）
使某人牢记某事
（2）impression n. 印象
leave/make/have a good/deep impression on sb
给某人留下好/深刻的印象
（3）impressed adj. 钦佩的，有深刻的好印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻
【佳句】 We can start the habit by writing learning summary and
recording something impressive and meaningful.（建议信）
我们可以通过写学习总结和记录一些令人印象深刻且有意义的东西来
开始这个习惯。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Why does it matter that people are more （impress） by
the most recent changes？
②Our parents and teachers often impress the importance of studying
hard us.
③You can watch a Peking Opera show in the afternoon， which is a good
chance to enjoy the （impress） performance featuring
our traditional culture.
impressed
on/upon
impressive
【写美】 完成句子
④The new teacher by her
rich knowledge and humorous talk.
这位新老师以她丰富的知识和幽默的讲话给学生们留下了很好的
印象。
left/made a good impression on the students
respect vt.& n.尊敬；敬佩；方面；敬意；问候
【教材原句】 I really admire and respect him， and there’s no doubt
that he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century.我非常钦
佩和尊敬他，毫无疑问他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。
【用法】
（1）respect sb for sth 因某事尊敬或敬重某人
（2）have/show respect for sb 对某人表示尊敬或敬重
out of respect for ... 出于对……的尊敬；顾及
with respect 受到尊重地
in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面
【佳句】 I really had respect for the poor mother from the bottom of
my heart.She set a good example for her children to follow.（心理、动
作描写）
我真的从心底里尊敬这位可怜的母亲。她为孩子们树立了一个学习的
好榜样。
【点津】 respect作名词意为“敬意，问候”时，多用复数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空/语境辨义
①He is an honest man and ready to help others， which I respect
him.
②Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of
rice， out respect for farmers’ labour.
③The moment you meet your parents， please give my respects to them.
④The plan was good in every respect， and we must carry it out well.
for
of
敬意；问候
细节；方面
【写美】 完成句子
⑤In China， we attach great importance to
.
在中国，我们认为尊敬长辈是很重要的。
showing/having respect for
the elderly
重点句型解构
句型公式：there’s no doubt that ...毫无疑问……
【教材原句】 I really admire and respect him， and there’s no doubt
that he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century.我非常
钦佩和尊敬他，毫无疑问他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。
【用法】
（1）There is no doubt of/about ... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether ... ……有疑问
I have no doubt that ... 我确信……
（2）I don’t/never doubt that ... 我确信……
I doubt whether/if ... 我怀疑……
【品悟】 There is no doubt that it is very meaningful to work with our
own hands rather than depend on others.毫无疑问，用我们自己的双手
劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。
I doubt whether/if I will pass the driving test next month.我不知道我下
个月能否通过驾驶考试。
【写美】 完成句子
①I he will succeed，for he is so determined and
hard-working.
我确信他会成功，因为他是如此地坚定和勤奋。
② mastering English can help us gain global
perspectives as well as drawing inspiration from the whole world， which
can help us go further.
掌握英语无疑可以帮助我们获得全球视角，并从全世界汲取灵感，从
而帮助我们走得更远。
do not doubt that
There is no doubt that
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：品句填词
1. Without any （更多的） thought， Mark turned on the
power switch.
2. Treating elders with （尊敬） is a fundamental value in
many cultures around the world.
3. During his life he experienced class （歧视），
poverty， and the horrors of war.
further
respect
discrimination
4. While the sun’s rays can age and harm our （皮肤）， they
also give us beneficial Vitamin D.
5. Zoo animals are often kept behind （铁栅）， but some
believe we should offer them more natural living conditions.
6. The group loudly （抗议） the ongoing destruction of
the environment in the Amazon rainforest.
7. It is s that we will never have enough resources to meet the
demand.
8. Gandi insisted on winning independence by p struggles.
skin
bars
protested
elf-evident
eaceful
维度二：词形转换
1. It has five （independence） companies with its head
office in Ivrea.
2. An （inspire） story sent to the magazine should be real
and original.
3. What was so （impression） about Jasmine
Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-
footed.
4. （judge） from his appearance， he seems to be rich.
independent
inspiring
impressive
Judging
5. They have pledged to end （race） discrimination in areas
such as employment.
6. He was （respect） by everyone and decided to make
great contributions to the country.
racial
respected
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面的句子。
1. In the morning I let him （挑选他的衣服）
for the day.
2. （毫无疑问） our future is bright.
3. （真遗憾）.You did not go with your mother.
4. If it had not been for his invitation （不久前的某一
天）， I should not be here now.
5. （班主任表扬了我） at the class
meeting the other day.
6. There are less fresh vegetables （由于
天气寒冷）.
pick out his clothes
There’s no doubt that
What a shame
the other day
I was praised by my headteacher
because of the cold weather
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A friend brought clothes over to my house.“I was cleaning out my
closet and thought you could use these clothes.” “Thanks，” I
said.The clothes were clean， but the wrong size for me.I kept a couple
of shirts and donated the rest.
It wasn’t long before yet another friend came over.“I have too
many clothes，” she said.“I thought you might need them.” Again I
gracefully accepted them.Again， most were too big， but I kept some
more shirts.
My friends were good people.But why were they always giving me
their used clothes？ I looked in the mirror at my typical outfit of jeans and
an old shirt.I rarely ever bought myself anything new.
My priority （优先的事） was always my four children.I would give
up everything so they could have voice lessons， dance lessons and money
for a school trip.I was the one who sacrificed， who took care of everyone
else but me.
I was a victim in life.“I am so ugly and fat.I can’t do anything
right.No one loves me.No one cares me.” These words usually ran
through my head.
Why， when I complained to my friends about how much I
sacrificed， did they suddenly go silent and have to hang up the phone to
answer the door？
Then one day I thought a lot.The Bible said to love others as
yourself.I realised this one day and it floored me when the sad truth was
revealed.I loved my family a lot， but I didn’t love me.It was then I
realised I could change things.I had the power to change my life
completely.Nothing was stopping me except for my biggest obstacle —
me.
I changed “I’m ugly.” into “I’m beautiful.”I changed
“Nothing good ever happens to me.”to “Great things happen to me.”
Miracles began happening.I faced my fears and chased after my
dreams.I stopped complaining about life， and soon my friends didn’t
mind talking to me again.Some of them actually looked forward to my
phone calls.
And then， one day， I noticed that people weren’t offering me
their hand-me-downs anymore.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者曾经消极悲观，后来她通过改
变自己的态度，人生焕发出新的生机。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者曾经消极悲观，后来她通过改
变自己的态度，人生焕发出新的生机。
1. Why did the author’s friends give her used clothes？（ ）
A. She was a victim in life.
B. She was short of money.
C. She wasn’t well-dressed enough.
D. She was fond of beautiful clothes.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者穿着很不讲究，经
常穿旧衣服，因此她的朋友才会想到送给她衣服。
2. Why did the author decide to make a change？（ ）
A. Her children had influence on her.
B. Her friends gave her some advice.
C. Something special happened to her.
D. She went through self-examination.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第七段可知，作者有一天想了很多，
终于想明白不但要关心别人也要关心自己这个道理。
3. What led to the miracles to the author’s life？（ ）
A. Transforming her living habits.
B. Bettering her living conditions.
C. Changing her attitude towards life.
D. Improving her personal relationships.
解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知，作者通过改变自己
的观念和人生态度，使自己的生活发生了巨大的改变，产生了奇迹
般的效果。
B
The 24 solar terms， based on the sun’s position in the zodiac （黄道带）， were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities.The 24 solar terms reflect the changes in climate， natural phenomena， agricultural production， and other aspects of human life， including clothing， food， housing， and
transportation.The 24 solar terms play important roles and have greatly
influenced people’s basic needs in life， and they still have an important
function nowadays.
During the Shang Dynasty， ancient people have decided 4 solar
terms： The Spring Equinox （Chun Fen）， The Summer Solstice （Xia
Zhi）， The Autumn Equinox （Qiu Fen）， The Winter Solstice
（Dong Zhi） by observing the shadow at noon.When the shadow is
shortest in a year， it is Summer Solstice， the longest is Winter Solstice
and the moderate is Spring Equinox or Autumn Equinox.In the Zhou
Dynasty， eight solar terms were used.In 104 BCE， the astronomical
positions of 24 solar terms were decided.
These twenty-four solar terms each suggest the position of the sun
every time it travels 15 degrees on the ecliptic longitude （黄经）.A cycle
is that the Earth revolves around the sun for one time.It begins from the
Beginning of Spring （Li Chun） and ends at Greater Cold （Da
Han）.In each month there are often two solar terms： the first one is
generally named “Jie Qi” and the other one “Zhong Qi”.
These solar terms have meaningful titles.Some of them reflect the
change of seasons such as the Beginning of Spring， the Beginning of
Summer， the Beginning of Autumn， and the Beginning of Winter；
some embody the phenomena of climate like the Waking of Insects （Jing
Zhe）， Pure Brightness （Qing Ming）， Lesser Fullness of Grain
（Xiao Man） and Grain in Beard （Mang Zhong）； some indicate the
change of climate like Rain Water （Yu Shui）， Grain Rain （Gu
Yu）， Lesser Heat （Xiao Shu）， Greater Heat （Da Shu）， and so
on.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。二十四节气是中国古代农民根据气
候变化对一年进行的节令划分。在国际气象界，二十四节气被誉为
“中国的第五大发明”。2016年11月30日，二十四节气被正式列入
联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。二十四节气是中国古代农民根据气
候变化对一年进行的节令划分。在国际气象界，二十四节气被誉为
“中国的第五大发明”。2016年11月30日，二十四节气被正式列入
联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。
4. Why were the 24 solar terms created？（ ）
A. To help farmers with farming.
B. To help soldiers to fight in wars.
C. To enrich traditional Chinese culture.
D. To help people know about the weather.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，二十四节气由中国古代
农民创造，用来指导农业事务和农业活动。
5. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
A. How the 24 solar terms work.
B. Why the 24 solar terms are popular.
C. The history of the 24 solar terms.
D. The importance of the 24 solar terms.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要讲述了二十四
节气的发展历史。
6. What decides each of the 24 solar terms？（ ）
A. The sun’s position.
B. The Earth’s position.
C. The sun’s movement.
D. The Earth’s movement.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，二十四节气分别
表示太阳在黄道经度上运行15度时所处的位置。
7. Which of the following indicates the phenomena of climate？（ ）
A. Rain Water.
B. Greater Heat.
C. The Waking of Insects.
D. The Beginning of Summer.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，二十四节气中有些表
达了气候现象，如惊蛰。
C
Finding and then developing a talent， hobby， or passion can be one
of the most important things for you.
Why is it that when we think of talents we think in terms of the
“traditional” talents， such as the athlete， dancer， or award-winning
scholar？ The truth is， talents come in a variety of forms.Don’t think
small.You may have a skill in reading， writing， or speaking.You may
have a gift for rhythm， remembering details， telling stories， or being
accepting of others.You may have organizational， musical， or
leadership skills.It doesn’t matter where your talent may lie， whether
it’s chess， drama， or skateboarding， when you do something you
like doing and have a talent for — it’s exciting.It’s a form of self-
expression.And as this girl proves， it builds self-confidence.
You might die laughing when I tell you that I have a real talent and
love for weeds.And I’m talking about weeds and flowers that grow
everywhere.I realised that I always noticed them， while others just
wanted them cut down.
So I started picking them and pressing them — and eventually making
beautiful pictures and postcards and art objects with them.I have been able
to cheer many a sad soul with one of these personalized cards.I’m often
asked to do arrangements of flowers for others and to share my knowledge
of preserving pressed plants.
It’s given me so much joy and confidence — just knowing I have
the special gift and appreciation for something most people ignore.But it
even goes beyond that — it’s taught me that if there’s so much to just
simple weeds， how much more is there to almost everything else in life？
It’s made me look deeper.It makes me an explorer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为，人们对“才能”的
传统观念过于狭窄，其实，“才能”可以更广泛。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为，人们对“才能”的
传统观念过于狭窄，其实，“才能”可以更广泛。
8. What does the author think of people’s understanding of talents？
（ ）
A. It’s too narrow.
B. It’s hard to explain.
C. It’s very reasonable.
D. It includes too many skills.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者认为，“才
能”不应该只局限于人们通常认为的体育、舞蹈、学术等，其
所指可以更加广泛。由此可知，作者认为人们对于“才能”的
传统观念过于狭窄。
9. What does the author want to show by giving the example of the girl？
（ ）
A. Everything can be useful.
B. Weeds have their benefits.
C. Everyone needs to develop a skill.
D. A talent can make you confident.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段结尾可知，作者在下文列举小
女孩的例子是为了说明：一项才能或技能可以帮助我们建立自信。
10. What do we learn about the girl？（ ）
A. She liked planting weeds.
B. She had a variety of skills.
C. She was creative and generous.
D. She was hardworking and patient.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后三段可知，这个女孩不但心灵
手巧、极具创意（能利用野草来制作卡片），而且还很有爱心
（用自己制作的卡片来安慰鼓励他人）。
11. What’s the girl’s final conclusion about weeds？（ ）
A. They make her life colourful.
B. They give her purpose of life.
C. They bring her joy and honour.
D. They help her view things deeply.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，这个女孩认为：对
野草的热爱和利用野草制作卡片的技能，不但给她快乐与自信，
而且更重要的是——帮助她更深入地探索生活中的一切。
D
You have probably heard of the Mozart effect.It’s the idea that if
children or even babies listen to music composed by Mozart they will
become more intelligent.A quick Internet search reveals plenty of products
to assist you in the task.Whatever your age， there are CDs and books to
help you to make use of the power of Mozart’s music.
The phrase “the Mozart effect” was created in 1991， but it is a
study described two years later in the journal Nature that sparked real
media and public interest about the idea that listening to classical music
somehow improves the brain.
In 2006 a large study was conducted in Britain involving eight
thousand children.They listened either to ten minutes of Mozart’s String
Quintet in D Major， or to three pop songs： Blur’s Country House，
Return of the Mack by Mark Morrison and PJ & Duncan’s Stepping
Stone.Once again music improved the ability to predict paper shapes， but
this time it wasn’t a Mozart effect， but a Blur effect.The children who
listened to Mozart did well， but with pop music they did even better.
Whatever your musical choice， your mind needs to get a little more
active， it needs something to get it going.In fact， it doesn’t have to be
music.Anything that makes you more alert （敏捷的） should work just
as well — doing a few star jumps or drinking some coffee， for example.
There is a way in which music can make a difference to your IQ，
though.Unfortunately， it requires a bit more effort than putting on a CD.
Learning to play a musical instrument can have a beneficial effect on your
brain.Jessica Grahn， a scientist at Western University in London，
Ontario says that a year of piano lessons， combined with regular practice
can increase IQ by as much as three points.So listening to Mozart won’t
do you or your children any harm and could be the start of a lifelong love
of classical music.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“莫扎特效应”告诉我们，聆听莫
扎特创作的古典音乐会让孩子变得更聪明。事实真的如此吗？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“莫扎特效应”告诉我们，聆听莫
扎特创作的古典音乐会让孩子变得更聪明。事实真的如此吗？
12. The phrase “the Mozart effect” was first known to the public .
（ ）
A. in 1991 B. in 1993
C. in 2006 D. in 2008
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，“莫扎特效应”一词
在1991年被创造，两年后开始引起公众的广泛注意。
13. Which of the following produced the best effect in the study conducted
in Britain in 2006？（ ）
A. Mozart’s String Quintet in D Major.
B. Blur’s Country House.
C. Mark Morrison’s Return of the Mack.
D. PJ & Duncan’s Stepping Stone.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的this time it wasn’t a
Mozart effect， but a Blur effect可知，Blur的音乐产生的效果
最好。
14. What does the write intend to tell us by giving the example of the 2006
study？（ ）
A. The popular music improves our performance.
B. The classical music improves our performance.
C. Whatever we are fond of improves our performance.
D. Whatever makes us active improves our performance.
解析：细节理解题。第三段介绍了2006年在英国所做的一项研究，第四段是作者针对该研究所做的总结，其结论是：Anything that makes you more alert （敏捷的） should work just as well。
15. What does the write think of listening to Mozart’s music？（ ）
A. Its effect isn’t that magic.
B. It does harm to small children.
C. It doesn’t make any difference.
D. It greatly improves our brainpower.
解析： 推理判断题。作者在第三段引用2006年的一项研究证
明：在提升智力和表现方面，听莫扎特的音乐并不比听流行音乐
效果更好；作者在最后一段又指出，听莫扎特的音乐对于培养对
古典音乐的兴趣当然是有用的。由此可知，作者认为“莫扎特效
应”并没有人们想象得那么神奇。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·赣州高一上学期期末）
Steps to happiness
Life is full of happiness and sadness.The following skills can help
improve your state of happiness.
Be kind to yourself
It is not always easy as we are often not confident.But those little
troubles， such as when we make a mistake， and when we judge
ourselves as “stupid” or such like， can actually have quite an impact
on our mental well-being.16.（ ）
Find your happiness
For some people， watching 90 minutes of man running around and
kicking a ball brings great joy and passion.17.（ ） We are all
different， and knowing what bring you peace and happiness
helps.Explore more and find what you really like.
Move
18. （ ） Humans weren’t designed to sit all day long.Apart
from getting fat， and increasing the risk of diseases， sitting all day leads
to boredom.And the more you sit doing nothing， the worse it gets.So，
make a start now and take a walk.
Improve your relationships
We all need others.19.（ ） Again， humans are social
creatures， so getting out to see friends is important， even taking time to
talk to those you live with is important.Put down your device and actually
have a chat.It can really boost your mood.
Eat properly
Eat the right foods and you’ll feel an obvious change in your attitude
and mental wellbeing in a few weeks.20.（ ） Avoid lots of
processed food.
A few simple steps can improve your mental status.Give it a try， a
few minor changes can make all the difference to your happiness.
A. Challenge yourself.
B. Get up and walk， or go jogging.
C. It’s hard to be an island， entire of itself.
D. Being kind to others is also important.
E. Instead of being negative on yourself， try being positive.
F. For others， this is similar to a trip to the dentist for root treatment.
G. Aim for a well-balanced diet and one that is as close to nature as
possible.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高幸福感的几种
方法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高幸福感的几种
方法。
16. E 根据上文可知，当我们犯错时，我们会认为自己很愚蠢，这
对心理会造成巨大的伤害；再结合小标题可知，此处应该与上文构成
转折关系，即要善待自己，多想想好的方面。故E项符合语境。
17. F 根据空前一句可知，空格处应该讲述每个人所追求的幸福是不
一样的。所以F项符合语境，F项中的others与上文some构成固定结构
some ...others ...
18. B 根据小标题可知，本段应该讲述运动也是追求幸福的一种方
法。所以B项（站起来走走，或者慢跑）符合语境。
19. C 根据上文We all need others.可知，本空应该对这一概念进行
阐述。所以C项符合语境，是对上文进行进一步阐释，说明我们在别
人的陪伴下，才不会变得孤独。
20. G 根据空前一句以及下文Avoid lots of processed food.可知，本
空应该讲述如何选择合理的饮食。故G项符合语境。
谢谢观看！
