UNIT 2　SPORTS AND FITNESS课件（共5份）

(共93张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　WRITING WORKSHOP，VIEWING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB
语篇研析·教材精读
Ⅰ.重点单词
(一)选用下面的单词并用其适当形式填空
sight；overtake；medal；response；defend；flexibility
词
汇
预
习
1．Don't try to ________ for there's a car coming the other way.
2．My _____ is failing，and I can't see to read any more.
3．There has got to be a degree of ____________to deal with the matter.
4．Every man who could fight was now determined to_______ the city.
overtake
sight
flexibility
defend
(二)写出下列词汇的派生词
1．cycle vi.骑自行车→_______ n．骑自行车者，自行车运动员
2．amaze vt.使吃惊，使惊异→______ adj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amazing adj.令人吃惊的，令人惊异的→amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地→amazement n．惊异；惊讶
3．respond vi.回答，回应→________ n．回答，答复
4．___________ n．灵活性→flexible adj.灵活的
5．______ vi. & vt.保护，保卫→ defense n．保护
cyclist
amazed
response
flexibility
defend
Ⅱ.重点短语
根据中文提示填空
1．The train was still ________．(在视野中)
2．The study ____________ data from 2，100 women.(以……为基础)
3．I guess they're going to _________________ me.(利用某物)
4．The first phase of the project was completedtwo months ________ schedule.(在……之前)
5．We'll do our best to _____________ the advanced world levels.(追上，赶上)
6．I have found a way to ________ this process.(加速)
in sight
was based on
take advantage of
ahead of
catch up with
speed up
Step 1 Fast reading
速读教材课文“The Final Sprint”，选择最佳答案
1．When Esteban got a puncture，it was only ________ to the finishing line.
A．300 meters　　　　　 B．300 miles
C．300 yards D．300 kilometers
教
材
精
读
2．What did Esteban do when he got a puncture
A．He gave up to the race.
B．He tried to catch up with the other competitors.
C．He continued his race.
D．He got to the finishing line.
3．Navarro finished the race and came________．
A．first B．second
C．third D．fourth
4．What did Navarro mean by saying “Offering me the prize was worth more than what I did for him.”？
A．He thought it is worthwhile to do that.
B．He thought the prize was priceless.
C．He thought he should receive the prize.
D．He thought Esteban was great to give him the prize.
答案：1－4　ACDD
Step 2 Careful reading
细读教材课文“The Final Sprint”，判断正误
1．Esteban was behind Navarro when his bike got broken.(　　)
2．Esteban threw his bike and ran to the finishing line.(　　)
3．Navarro was ahead of Esteban by 300 meters when he crossed the finishing line.(　　)
4．Esteban finally got the third place.(　　)
5．Sportsmanship is important than the prize.(　　)
答案：1－5 FFFTT
Step 3 Post reading
根据教材课文“The Final Sprint”，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Fans lined the road to the finishing line of the Santa Barbara XV Grand Prix，1.________(cheer)on the competitors.Esteban was in 2._____ (three) place.But when he was 300 meters away from the finishing line，he 3.___ (get) a puncture.He didn't give up and put his bike 4.__ his shoulders and ran towards to the finishing line.A few seconds 5._____ (late)，Navarro caught up with him，6.___ he slowed down and reached the finishing line with Esteban ahead 7.__ foot.The audience was 8.______ (amaze) at his sportsmanship and cheered.Esteban wanted 9._______ (give) the prize to Navarro but he refused.The two 10.________ (cycle) made sportsmanship at its very best.
cheering
third
got
on
later
but
by
amazed
to give
cyclists
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
It has been 100 years since the first modern summer Olympic Games were held.Do you know the dates and the places of all the summer Olympic Games，and also the total of gold medals the first three teams gained in each game
Totals of Gold medals
　Date Place　　　1st　　　2nd　　　　3rd
1．1896 Athens USA 11 Greece 10 Germany 7
2．1900 Paris France 27 USA 19 Britain 17
3．1904 St.Louis，USA USA 70 Cuba 5 Germany 4
4．1908 London Britain 56 USA 23 Sweden 7
5．1912 Stockholm Sweden 24 USA 23 Britain 10
6．1916 Berlin　Not held because of World War Ⅰ
7．1920 Antwerp，Belgium USA 41　Sweden 19　Britain 15
8．1924 Paris USA 45 Finland 14 　France 13
9．1928 Amsterdam USA 22 Germany 10　Finland 8
10．1932 Los Angeles　USA 41 Italy 12　　France 10
11．1936 Berlin Germany 33 USA 24 Hungary 10
12．1940 Helsinki　　 Not held because of World War Ⅱ
13．1944 London　　 Not held because of World War Ⅱ
14．1948 London USA 38 Sweden 16 　France 10
15．1952 Helsinki USA 40 USSR 22 Hungary 10
16．1956 Melbourne USSR 37 USA 32 Australia 13
17．1960 Rome USSR 43 USA 34 Italy 13
18．1964 Tokyo USA 36 USSR 30 Japan 16
19．1968 Mexico City USA 45 USSR 30 Japan 11
20．1972 Munich，W.G USSR 50 USA 33　GDR 20
21．1976 Montreal USSR 49 GDR 40 USA 34
22．1980 Moscow USSR 80 GDR 47 Bulgaria 8
23．1984 Los Angeles USA 83 Romania 20 　W．G.17
24．1988 Seoul，S.Korea USSR 55 GDR 37 USA 36
25．1992 Barcelona CIS 45 USA 37　Germany 33
Note: CIS＝Commonwealth Independent States；GDR＝E.Germany
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章列举了从 1896 年到 1992 年期间夏奥会举办的时间、地点及前 3名金牌数的有关情况。
1．By the year 1992，how many times had the modern summer Olympic Games been held in USA
A．Four.　　　　　　 B．Two.
C．One. D．Three.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据“1904 St.Louis，USA”“1932 Los Angeles”和“1984 Los Angeles”得知在美国共举行了三次，故选D。
2．How many gold medals had E．Germany won in the Summer Olympic Games
A．124. B．144.
C．198. D．200.
解析：B　数字计算题。 根据1972获20枚，1976获40枚，1980获47枚，1988获37枚得知GDR(＝E.Germany)共获得144枚金牌，故选B。
3．What conclusion can we arrive at from the date (资料)
A．Every country should hold the Olympic Games in turn.
B．Any Olympic Games should not be called off for any reason.
C．No peace，no sports.
D．If there is a war anywhere，the Olympic Games must be stopped.
解析：C　推理判断题。 根据“1916 Berlin”“1940 Helsinki”“1944 London”可知，三年都因战争而没有举行夏奥会，故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I remember reading a saying that if you're feeling sad, the best thing to do is to do something for someone else.Why Because it makes you __1__ outward, not inward.It's hard to be __2__ while helping someone else.__3__， a surprising result of serving others is feeling wonderful yourself.
This sweet story __4__ by a teen named Tawni is a great example of the joy of __5__：
There is a girl in our neighborhood whose parents don't have a lot of __6__．When I grew out of my clothes, my mom and I __7__ them to her.I'd say something like “I __8__ you might like these，” or “I'd like to see you __9__ this.”
When she wore something I gave her, I'd think it was really __10__．She would say, “Thank you so much for the new dress.” I'd reply, “That color looks really good on you！” I tried to be __11__ so that I didn't make her feel bad, or give her the __12__ that I thought she was poor.It makes me feel __13__， knowing that I'm helping her have a better life.
__14__ gives life not only to others but also to yourself.There is much __15__ in the saying—we make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者分享了Tawni给邻家小女孩赠送衣服的故事，告诉我们助人为乐的意义。
1．A.move　　　　　　 B．focus
C．stay D．walk
解析：B　由句意可知，帮助别人可以让我们“专注”于外界而非自己的问题。
2．A.tired B．sad
C．patient D．happy
解析：B　结合第一句可知，当我们帮助他人时，一般是不会“不快乐”的。
3．A.Similarly B．Naturally
C．Interestingly D．Unfortunately
解析：C　帮助别人会让我们自己感到快乐，这是一个“有趣的”事实。
4．A.shared B．confirmed
C．advocated D．supported
解析：A　下文的故事是一个叫Tawni的女孩“分享”给作者的。
5．A.success B．happiness
C．health D．service
解析：D　上文提到了serving others，此处是原词复现。
6．A.money B．food
C．experience D．knowledge
解析：A　根据下文故事可知，这个女孩的家庭比较贫穷。
7．A.lent B．took
C．delivered D．posted
解析：B　由于Tawni和那个女孩住在同一个小区，因此她应该是将衣服给那个女孩送过去。
8．A.imagined B．predicted
C．thought D．learned
解析：C　Tawni“认为”那个女孩会喜欢自己送给她的衣服。
9．A.wearing B．buying
C．wanting D．demanding
解析：A　Tawni很喜欢看到那个女孩“穿”自己送的衣服。
10．A.formal B．natural
C．cool D．strange
解析：C　结合下文可知，Tawni应该是极力夸奖自己送给女孩的衣服。
11．A.generous B．sensitive
C．serious D．honest
解析：B　Tawni尽可能地“体贴”对方，不让对方感到不舒服。这里的sensitive表示“情感细腻的；体贴的”。
12．A.concept B．appearance
C．condition D．impression
解析：D　Tawni不愿意给对方留下认为对方贫穷的“印象”。
13．A.confident B．unusual
C．good D．confused
解析：C　由于Tawni帮助对方改善了生活，因此感觉很“良好”。
14．A.Winning B．Giving
C．Hoping D．Owning
解析：B　本文的主题是“助人”与“奉献”，这里B项符合语境。
15．A.meaning B．knowledge
C．wisdom D．culture
解析：C　There is much wisdom in the saying表示“这句话非常有道理”。
知识探究·讲练互动
1.(教材原句)Esteban had been cycling as hard as he could for hours and with the finishing line in sight ...
埃斯特班已经尽全力骑了几个小时的自行车，随着终点线的出现……
sight n．视野；视力；景象；名胜(复数)
【语境体验】
①I looked out of the window and caught sight of a train passing by very quickly.
我从窗户向外看去，看见了一列急驰而过的火车。
②The mountain town came into sight as we turned the last corner.
我们拐过最后一个弯，山城就映入了我们的眼帘。
③At the sight of the high mountain，the tourists cheered wildly.
一看见高山，游客们就疯狂地欢呼起来。
(1)catch sight of ...　看见……
come into sight 映入眼帘
lose one's sight 失明
lose sight of 看不见；忽略
(2)at first sight　 乍一看
at the sight of ... 一看到……
out of sight 看不到
in/within sight 在视野内
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Though losing all the money，he didn't lose sight __ what he valued most.
②__ first sight，there is nothing special about the watch but in fact it is a mobile phone.
③It was very quiet all around with nobody __ sight.
④He turned to look back，but by then she was ___ of sight.
of
At
in
out
2．(教材原句)Just a few seconds later，fourth-placed Navarro caught up with him.
几秒后第4位的纳瓦罗赶上了他。
catch up with 追上；赶上
【语境体验】
①On the trip，I was too tired to catch up with others.
在旅途中，我太累了，赶不上其他人了。
②After a few days on the job，you'll catch up with what you're doing.
工作几天后，你就会对你的工作内容有所了解了。
③Catch hold of every opportunity and you will succeed in getting what you want.
抓住每次机会，那么你就有可能成功地获得你想要的东西。
④There is one particular blue flower that has always caught my eye.
有一种独特的蓝色小花总能吸引我的目光。
(1)catch on　学会；流行；开始明白
catch on to 理解……
catch hold of 抓住
catch sight of 看见
catch one's eye 引起某人注意
(2)come up with 想出；提出
put up with 容忍；忍受
keep up with 跟上
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　选词填空
put up with；catch on to；come up with；catch up with；keep up with
①Commercial advertisement is one of the things we have to ___________ when watching TV.
②Would you slow down a bit，please I can't ____________ you.
③In order to _____________ the advanced countries，we must keep learning.
④Although against my opinion，the manager didn't ____________ his own.
⑤A mother _____________ what their children think about best .
put up with
keep up with
catch up with
come up with
catches on to
3．(教材原句)The two cyclists made amazing sporting gestures－Navarro for refusing to take advantage of Esteban's troubles，and Esteban for offering Navarro his medal.
两位自行车手表现出了高度的体育精神——纳瓦罗拒绝利用埃斯特班碰到的麻烦，埃斯特班主动给纳瓦罗奖牌。
take advantage of sth.利用某物
advantage n．优势；长处；优点，有利条件
【语境体验】
①I want to take advantage of what I have learned at school for a whole life.
我希望能够一辈子都用得上我在学校学的东西。
②Take full advantage of this opportunity to perform and you will have an advantage over your rivals in the performance.
充分利用这次表演的机会，你就会在表演方面胜过你的对手。
③The advantage of smiling is that it can not only make us happy，but also please others.
微笑的优势在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能使别人高兴。
(1)take (full) advantage of　(充分)利用
gain/win/have an advantage over sb. 比某人有优势；胜过，优于
to one's advantage＝to the advantage of sb. 对某人有利
have the advantage of (doing) sth. 有(做)某事的有利条件
the advantage of (doing) sth.is that＋表语从句 (做)某事的优势是……
(2)disadvantage n. 劣势；不利条件
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①He always takes full advantage___ the mistakes made by his rivals.
②It would be __ your advantage to prepare questions in advance.
③They had a major advantage ____ their rivals－they were cheaper.
of
to
over
4．(教材原句)On the other hand，hard styles，such as kung fu，teach you to defend yourself using force.
另一方面，像功夫这样的硬式武术，教你用武力自卫。
on the other hand (可是)另一方面(常与on the one hand对应使用)
【语境体验】
①On one hand，they love to but on the other hand，shopping online may cause people to buy goods that are not badly needed.
一方面， 他们喜欢去；但是另一方面，网上购物可能造成人们购买那些不十分需要的东西。
②For one thing，I can get my English improved；for another thing，I can make more friends，and broaden my horizons.
一则，我能提高我的英语；二则，我能结交更多朋友并开阔视野。
(1)on (the) one hand ...; on the other hand ...　一方面……；另一方面(却)……
(2)first(ly) ...; second(ly) ... 第一……；第二……
(3)for one thing ...; for another ... 一则……；二则……
归纳 拓展
【名师点津】　on the one hand中的the可以省略，而on the other hand中的the不能省略。
【学以致用】　完成句子
①我们每个人都有优点，但是另一方面我们每个人也有缺点。
We each have strengths，but __________________each of us has weaknesses.
②我没有买那辆车。一则，我不喜欢它的颜色；二则，我没有那么多钱。
I didn't buy that car._____________，I didn't like its color；_________________，I didn't have enough money.
on the other hand
For one thing
for another thing
5．(教材原句)The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities－one of which was kung fu.
中国移民过去常常聚集在公园里享受文化活动，其中之一就是功夫。
used to do sth.过去常常做……
【语境体验】
①I always used to hear those words in my father's voice.
过去我常常从我父亲的话语中听到那些词。
②He used to stay up late，but now he is used to going to bed early.
他以前总是熬夜到很晚，但是他现在已经习惯早睡了。
③Wood can be used to make fire.
木柴可以用来生火。
(1)get/be used to (doing) sth.　　习惯于(做)某事
be used to do sth./for (doing) sth. 被用来做某事
be used as ... 作为……来使用
(2)used to的否定形式有两种：used not to和didn't use to。
归纳 拓展
【语境助记】
When he was young，he used to go there on foot.Now he has got used to going there by bike，though his bike is used to pick up his grandson sometimes.
当他年轻的时候，他常步行去那儿。现在他的自行车虽然有时用来接他孙子，但他已习惯了骑自行车去那儿。
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①I found the job tiring at first but I soon got used ___it.
②I wasn't used to city life，but now I have got used to ______ (live) in this city.
③Single scratch experiment model was used _______ (give) a good explanation.
to
living
to give
6．(教材原句)Spin classes are a safe and effective way to work out ...
动感单车是一种安全有效的锻炼方式……
work out锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答；计算出；产生结果，发展；制订出
【语境体验】
①I could work out that problem standing on my head.
我解决那个问题易如反掌。
②I have had to work for every single penny I earned.
我挣的每一便士都是辛苦工作得来的。
③I spent some time working over these books.
我花了一些时间去好好研究这些书籍。
work at　从事；致力于，钻研
work for 为……工作，为……做事
work off 除去；解除
work on 继续工作；影响；从事
work over 检查；研究
work with 与……共事，与……合作
归纳 拓展
【名师点津】　work out作“解决；制订出”讲时，是及物动词短语，可以带宾语；作“锻炼；产生结果”时，为不及物动词短语，没有被动形式。
【学以致用】　写出下列句中work out的含义
①If you spend time working out every day，you'll have a healthy body.______
②To work out the difficult maths problem，I have consulted Professor Russell several times.________
③The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width._______
④It wasn't too long before we had worked out a plan acceptable to all.________
⑤We have to depend on our original plan if this one doesn't work out.________
锻炼
计算出
解决
制订出
起作用
7．(教材原句)Esteban had been cycling as hard as he could for hours and with the finishing line in sight all the cyclists began to speed up to cross it.
埃斯特班已经尽全力骑了几个小时的自行车，随着终点线的出现，所有骑自行车的人都开始加速要去穿过终点线。
【句型剖析】
“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构常作原因、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。
【语境体验】
①He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.
他躺在草地上，眼望着天空。
②With his legs injured in the accident，he couldn't go to work.
因为腿在事故中受了伤，他无法去工作。
③With a lot of homework to do，I can't go skating with you.
因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰。
(1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词。现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行。
with＋名词/代词＋过去分词。过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成。
with＋名词/代词＋不定式。不定式表示动作尚未发生。切记：不定式在任何情况下都用主动形式，表示被动意义。
with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
(2)without＋宾语＋doing sth.在……没有做某事的情况下
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①With so many famous artists __________ (perform) that day，the exhibition will be a great feast for the eyes.
②With all the work ________ (finish)，they felt relaxed.
③With so many people _______ (stare) at me，I felt very nervous.
to perform
finished
staring
8．(教材原句)Navarro had let Esteban finish in third place，while he came fourth.
纳瓦罗让埃斯特班名列第三，而他却名列第四。
【句型剖析】
句中的“while”是转折连词，表示“然而”。
【语境体验】
①It is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.
网上投票对有些人是有益的，然而，它让一些人对是否投票陷入两难的境地。
②She was cooking while she was keeping an eye on her baby sleeping in the cradle.
她一边做饭，一边留意睡在摇篮里的婴儿。
③While travel can broaden your mind，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多时间和金钱。
while作连词时的主要用法：
(1)“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句
(2)“但是；可是”，表示对比
(3)“虽然；尽管”，表示让步
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　写出下列句中黑体部分的含义
①While verbs may seem dull，most of the fun things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.______
②If the books were to be safe，they must be moved again while the city was quiet.______
③Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for a while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.___________
尽管
趁着
一会儿
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She won the individual gold _____(奖牌) at the Winter Olympics.
2．I was riding my bicycle along the road when a car ________ (超过) me.
3．We met a group of ________ (骑自行车的人) on a tour in the Lake District.
4．Then he caught s_____of her small black hat in the crowd.
5．We have not as yet received a r_______．
6．You would be a_____ how difficult it was.
medal
overtook
cyclists
ight
esponse
mazed
Ⅱ.选词填空
ahead of；take advantage of；in sight；speed up；catch up with；more than；on the other hand；used to；be based on；work out
1．Things just didn't _________as planned.
2．Cutting school __________once in three months is a sign of trouble.
3．I _______ take work home，but I don't do it any more.
4．Many pictures ______________________ simple geometric designs.
5．I'll _________________ fine weather to go swimming.
work out
more than
used to
have been/are based on
take advantage of
6．On one hand I have to work；_________________ I have many visitors to see.
7．He ______________ the parade and walked behind.
8．The election was held six months ________ schedule.
on the other hand
caught up with
ahead of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我花了一些时间才弄清此事的起因。
It took me some time____________ what was causing this.
2．我们将努力赶上本地区其他学校。
We'll try our best_________________ other schools in this area.
3．我把所有事实都告诉你，使你得以自己作出判断。
I'll give you all the facts __________________________________．
to work out
to catch up with
so that you can judge for yourself
4．有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
Some people waste food ___________________________．
5．他利用会议机会表达了他对当前形势的看法。
________________________________ to express his opinion about current situations.
while others haven't enough
He took advantage of the meeting
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．_____________________ he is very rich，he lives a simple life.
2．On the one hand I admire his gifts，but on ___ other hand I distrust his judgment.
3．I have spent too much on the maths problem but I can't work it ___．
4．Do you think the film __________ (adapt) was faithful to the book
5．This piece of cloth can be used _______ (make) a pair of pillow cases.
While/Although/Though
the
out
adaptation
to make
6．The manager has _____a naughty son that he has to spend more time on him.
7．You must take advantage ___your spare time to strengthen your body.
8．A call for volunteers was sent out，but very few people _________ (response)．
9．With the help of my classmates and teachers，I have caught up ____ the others.
10．__ first sight it looked less like a capital city than a mining camp.
such
of
responded
with
At
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．被收养的孩子有权看自己的出生证明。
__________________has the right to see his birth certificate.
2．真奇怪，人们居然用了这么长时间才抓住一个万无一失的机会。
It is surprising that ____________________________________________ what is a win-win opportunity.
The adopted child
it has taken people so long to take advantage of
3．随着时间的流逝，他已经渐渐习惯了我们的生活方式。
As the time went on，he __________________________．
4．利用这些资料他们制订了发展规划。
From this data they _____________________________．
5．请打开窗户以便我们能呼吸新鲜空气。
Please open the window ________________________________．
was used to our life style
worked out a development plan
so that we can breathe fresh air
Ⅲ.微写作
用本单元词汇或句式完成写作任务
1．我的朋友李华参加我们学校足球队的选拔。
2．他向教练保证不会让教练失望。
3．为了赶上我们，他额外训练好几个小时。
4．让教练满意的是，李华的艰苦训练得到回报。
5．我们队从他的加入中获益。
6．作为一名防守队员，他赢得了观众的尊重。
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My friend，Li Hua，tried out for the member of the football team of our school.He promised to the coach that he would not let him down.He trained for extra hours than us to catch up with us.To the satisfaction of the coach，Li Hua's hard work paid off.Our team benefited from his participation.As a defence，he earned the respect of the audience.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
When I was a kid，I loved reading history，science fiction，detective stories，but especially comics.I had piles of them and kept talking my Dad into making more shelves for me.One day，I read about a 13-year-old boy who had actually written one of my favorite comics，Legion of Super-Heroes，and I said，“I can do that too.” That year，I was two years younger than the writer.
Three years later，a friend and I started our own fan magazine about comics.It became the first place that regularly told people when their favorite comics were coming out and writers and artists were working on them.Because of the magazine，I won the awards for The Comic Reader，but more importantly，it got many of the people in the field to know who I was.
One day when I was visiting DC Comics for news for my next issue，one of the editors offered me a chance to write text for his comic.Suddenly，at 16，I was getting paid to write.
I was able to pay for my college classes working as an assistant editor at DC Comics and learned how to write comics stories while I was there.I wrote hundreds of stories.Over the years，I worked as an editor and an executive (主管) for the company，eventually serving as a president and publisher，until earlier this year.Now I'm back to my first love，writing comics again.
Every morning，I open my email and find pages of art sent in by artists across the country who draw my stories.When I'm tired of working on the stories，I can go online and find my readers commenting on my stories or telling me when I make mistakes.
Keep reading and writing－it's a wonderful way to live.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。短文以时间顺序为线索，叙述了作者从事漫画行业的经历。并告诉读者，坚持阅读和写作是一种很好的生活方式。
1．At what age did the author win the awards for The Comic Reader
A．13.　 B．14.　　
C．15.　 D．16.
解析：B　细节理解题。由第一段“One day，I read about a 13-year-old boy who had actually written one of my favorite comics，Legion of Super-Heroes，and I said，‘I can do that too.’ That year，I was two years younger than the writer.”以及第二段“Three years later ...Because of the magazine，I won the awards for The Comic Reader”可知，有一天，我读到一个13岁的男孩写了我最喜欢的漫画《超级英雄军团》，我说：“我也能做到。”那年，我比作家小两岁。三年后……因为这本杂志，我获得了漫画读者奖。所以作者在14岁时获得了漫画读者奖。故B选项正确。
2．What is the author's present job
A．An editor. B．A comics writer.
C．A painter. D．A publisher.
解析：B　细节理解题。由第四段“Now I'm back to my first love，writing comics again.”可知，现在我又回到了我的“初恋”，又开始写漫画故事了。所以作者目前的工作是漫画作家。故B选项正确。
3．How is the passage mainly developed
A．By listing some data.
B．By giving examples.
C．By following time order.
D．By making comparisons.
解析：C　推理判断题。由短文中的“When I was a kid ...That year，I was two years younger ...Three years late ...Over the years...Now I'm back to my first love，writing comics again.”可知，作者以时间顺序为线索，叙述了自己从事漫画行业的经历。所以判断出文章主要是按时间顺序展开的。故C选项正确。
Ⅴ.语法填空
Winter sports were already popular in China a thousand years ago in the form of Bingxi (冰嬉)，or play on ice.Bingxi as 1.________ form of performance for the court began in the Song Dynasty and reached its peak during Qing.A Bingxi painting in the collection of the Palace Museum portrays scenes of Bingxi during the Qing Dynasty.A closer look at the painting will show that there are many 2.________ (similarity) between how ancient Chinese people enjoyed games on ice and modern day 3.________ (compete) events at the Winter Olympic Games.
In the painting，the emperor，4.________ (seat) inside his ice bed，was watching skaters compete 5.______(fierce)．Three types of ice skating were performed，the first one of 6.______ is speed race，similar to modern speed skating.Participants raced to the emperor's ice bed from 2 to 3 kilometers away.7.________ reached the emperor first won first prize.The second is figure skating.Jumps，spins and pair work moves common in modern day figure skating can all be found in the painting.The third is the soccer on ice.Participants in two teams skated，kicked and tried to score goals.If the “tool” for scoring goals 8.________ (change) from legs to sticks，it is highly comparable to hockey.
To this day，the interest 9.________ winter sports in Chinese people has never decreased.Each winter，in Beihai and Shichahai of Beijing，people are still enjoying 10.________ (they) forms of Bingxi.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过一幅中国清朝的冰嬉图说明了中国人对冰上运动的喜爱由来已久。
1．a　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处泛指“一种表演形式”，且form是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
2．similarities　考查名词复数。根据空前的“many”可知，此处表示“许多相同点”，且similarity为可数名词，应用其复数形式。故填similarities。
3．competitive　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用形容词作定语，修饰空后的名词“events”。故填competitive。
4．seated　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词；空格处作状语，表示主语的状态，且动词seat与其逻辑主语“the emperor”之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词。故填seated。
5．fiercely　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用副词作状语修饰动词“compete”。故填fiercely。
6．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“Three types of ice skating”，指物，在从句中作主语，且关系代词与介词of连用，应用which引导该从句。故填which。
7．Whoever　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，且此处指任何第一个追赶上皇帝的人都能获得头等奖，应用whoever引导该从句。故填Whoever。注意首字母大写。此题中很多考生容易填who，因为空格处引导主语从句且指代人；但是根据语境可知，空格处指代“任何人”，whoever更符合语境。故填Whoever。
8．is changed　考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据空格后的“is”可知，此处时态应用一般现在时；再分析句子结构可知，动词change与主语“the ‘tool’ for scoring goals”之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填is changed。
9．in　考查介词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空格处应用介词in，构成“the interest in ...”结构，意为“中国人对于冬季运动项目的兴趣”。故填in。
10．their　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词形式作定语，修饰空后的名词“forms”。故填their。
点击进入WORD文档
课时规范训练(七)
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必修第一册
单元话题 单元核心素养
　　“体育和健康”是课程标准中“人与自我”的主题语境。体育运动是学生的必修课程，当然也是每天必须参与的活动，它是身体健康的保证。体育运动历史悠久，内容丰富。学生通过学习本单元的相关内容去了解运动文化，体会运动与健康的关系。 思维品质：锻炼学生的总结概括能力。
学习能力：运用总结主题句的方法提炼归纳文章主旨大意。
文化意识：了解运动历史，理解运动的意义。
语言能力：掌握本单元字、词、句和定语从句以及不定代词的用法。
话题导入·思维激活
奥林匹克旗上的五环，不仅象征五大洲的团结，而且强调所有参赛运动员应以公正、坦诚的运动员精神在赛场上相见！
The Olympic Flag
On the Olympic flag，the rings appear on a white background (背景)．
Pierre de Coubertin，the father of the modern Olympic Games，explains the meaning of the flag：
“The Olympic flag has a white background，with five interlaced rings in the center：blue，yellow，black，green and red.This design is symbolic；it represents the five continents of the world，united by Olympism，while the six colors are those that appear on all the national flags of the world at the present time.”
Combined in this way，the six colors of the flag，(including the white of the background)represent all nations.
It is wrong，therefore，to believe that each of the colors corresponds (与……相符) to a certain continent!
At the Olympic Games，the flag is brought into the Stadium during the opening ceremony．After its arrival，the flag is lifted up the flagpole.It must fly in the stadium during the whole of the Games.When the flag is lowered at the closing ceremony，it means the end of the Games.
The mayor of the host city of the Games passes the Olympic flag to the mayor of the next host city of the Games.
Even though Pierre de Coubertin intended (想要) the Olympic Games to be an international event from 1896 in Athens (Greece)，it was only at the 1912 Games in Stockholm (Sweden) that，for the first time，the participants (参加者) came from all five continents.One year later，in 1913，the five rings appeared at the top of a letter written by Pierre de Coubertin.He drew the rings and colored them by hand.He then described this symbol in the Olympic Review of August 1913.
It was also Coubertin who had the idea for the Olympic flag.He presented the rings and flag in June 1914 in Paris at the Olympic Congress.
The First World War prevented the Games from being celebrated in 1916 in Berlin(Germany)as planned.It was not until 1920 in Antwerp (Belgium) that the flag and its five rings could be seen flying in an Olympic stadium.
【词海淘宝】
1．interlaced adj.　　交织的；交错的
2．symbolic adj. 象征的；象征性的
3．represent v. 代表；象征
【语篇理解】
阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。
1．Pierre de Coubertin is the founder of the Olympic Games.(　　)
2．It is right to believe that each of the colors corresponds to a certain continent.(　　)
3．Pierre de Coubertin wrote in his book that the five rings represent the five continents.(　　)
答案：1－3　FFT
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Section Ⅳ　GRAMMAR & WRITING
Grammar—定语从句关系代词和不定代词的用法
语法精讲·难点透析
(一)定语从句关系代词的用法
品读例句，体会黑体部分定语从句关系代词的用法
1．When we weren't playing on the court which was next to our building，we were watching a game on TV.
2．Paul's favourite player was Tyrone Bogues，a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
3．Paul didn't know he'd soon get the chance that he'd been waiting for.
4．They were playing against The Bears，a team whose record was perfect.
新
知
感
悟
【思考发现】
句子中which，who，that和whose是关系代词，引导___________，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当________、___________、___________等成分。
定语从句
主语
宾语
定语
关系代词引导的定语从句
1．who，whom，whose引导的定语从句
(1)who 或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。
①I've become good friends with several of the students in my school (who/whom/that)I met in the English speech contest last year.
我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。
②I have many friends to whom I'm going to send post cards.
我有很多打算寄贺卡给他们的朋友。
语
法
精
讲
(2)whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom。
The school shop，whose customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.
这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生，放假时关门。
2．that，which引导的定语从句
(1)which指物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物均可，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。
She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before.
她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。
(2)限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用that 不用which的情况：
①先行词为不定代词anything，nothing，something，everything，all，some，none，little，few，the one等时。
I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。
②先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
③先行词被the only，the very，the last，the same，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，all等修饰时。
The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。
④先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey.
他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
(3)关系词只用which而不用that的情况：
①关系词引导非限制性定语从句时。
The boy was away from home for a week，which worried his parents very much.
这个男孩离家一个星期了，这使他父母很担心。
②当从句中的介词提前，构成“介词＋关系代词”结构时。
We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。
3．as引导的定语从句
(1)as 可以引导限制性定语从句，常用于“so/such/the same＋先行词＋as ...”结构中。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
(2)as 也可以引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句说明整个句子，可放在主句之前、之中或之后，翻译成“正如、就像”。
常用的这种类似插入语的句式有：as the saying goes，as is said above，as is mentioned above，as often happens，as is often the case，as is reported等。
“You can't judge a book by its cover，”as the old saying goes.
正如老话所说的那样：“人不可貌相。”
【学以致用】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Look out! Don't get too close to the house _____ roof is under repair.
2．Tom is good at maths，so I think he is the student ________ can help you to work out this problem.
3．This girl is familiar to me.Maybe she is the girl _______________ I met in the street yesterday.
4．I'm not sure whether this is the book_____________ my brother read the day before yesterday.
whose
who/that
(who/whom/that)
(which/that)
5．This is the second book______ I have written.
6．The trees __________ stood by the river were planted by us.
7．She never gives in to those ___ have money.
8．This is the best film ____ has been shown so far in the city.
9．___we know，smoking is harmful to one's health.
10．The scientist and his achievements ______ you told me about are admired by us all.
(that)
which/that
who
that
As
(that)
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空
Are you the kind of person 1.________ always wonders how things work Are you a bright young mind 2._____ dream is to change the world Is Science your best subject in school Then there is no reason 3.___ you shouldn't make a career out of it.Scientists are very important! They are the one 4.________ help save lives，protect the environment and improve our way of life.So，take courses like Physics，Chemistry and Biology in school so that you will have more career options in the future.There will be many employers 5.________ will want to make use of your new skills.You can find out more
who/that
whose
why
who/that
who/that
about the ones 6.__________ interest you from your student counselor.Just drop by their office when you have some free time to learn more about careers in Science.And remember there is nothing 7.____ you can't do.
which/that
that
(二)不定代词的用法
品读例句，体会黑体部分不定代词的用法
1．As people often say，any exercise is better than none ...
2．...you do not need a gym membership or any special equipment.
3．I have no idea about it.
4．They meet here every Friday morning.
新
知
感
悟
【思考发现】　
不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。不定代词大都可代替_______和___________，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。除every 和no外，不定代词既可用作名词，也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作_____________。
名词
形容词
定语
1．不定代词的基本用法
语
法
精
讲
不定代词 用法
each/both/all each指“(两者或两者以上物或人中的)每个”；both表示“两者都”；all指“(三者或三者以上物或人中的)所有，全部”
either/neither either表示“(两者中的)任何一个”；neither表示“两者都不”
不定代词 用法
none/nothing none表示“(三者或三者以上)全无，没有一点”；nothing表示“没有任何东西，没有事”
another another泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一，又一”
other/others other泛指“其余的，另外的”，只作定语。other＋可数名词复数＝others
the other/
the others the other特指“(两者之中的)另一个”。the other＋可数名词复数＝the others
①As the two dictionaries are useful，I'll take both and either of them is very important to me.
因为这两本字典都有用，我把两本字典都带上，每一本对我而言都很重要。
②—Would you like to go shopping with me on Saturday or Sunday
—I'm sorry.Neither will suit me.I'll be away on business during that period.
——星期六或星期天陪我去购物好吗？
——对不起。那两天都不行。我那段时间将要出差。
③You are a team star！Working with others is really your cup of tea.
你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。
④Neither side is prepared to talk to the other unless we can smooth things over between them.
除非我们能够消除他们之间的矛盾，否则他们双方都不打算与对方讲话。
2．复合不定代词的用法
某…… 任何…… 每个……；
所有…… 没有……
人 someone/
somebody anyone/
anybody everyone/
everybody no one/
nobody
物 something anything everything nothing
①There is something in his words.We should have a try.
他说的话不无道理，我们应该试一试。
②This project requires close teamwork.Nothing will be achieved unless we work well together.
这个项目需要密切的团队合作。除非我们通力合作，否则将一事无成。
3．表示数量的不定代词的用法
代词 用法 表示意义 含义
few 修饰可数名词 否定含义 几乎没有
a few 修饰可数名词 肯定含义 几个；一些
little 修饰不可数名词 否定含义 几乎没有
a little 修饰不可数名词 肯定含义 少量；
一点点
many 修饰可数名词 肯定含义 许多
much 修饰不可数名词 肯定含义 许多
①Few of us can speak four foreign languages.
我们当中很少有人会说四种外语。
②I have a few friends，but my younger sister has very few.
我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。
③She can speak a little French，but she knows little English.
她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。
【学以致用】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I just choose a simpler lifestyle，___ where I can ride my bike all over and do not have to make a great living to survive.
2．Some people take great pleasure in helping and giving to someone else while _______ feel happy doing the opposite.
3．For one thing，it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent.For _______，it is a useful way to release their pressure.
4．Several people were passing but ______ offered to help.
one
others
another
nobody
5．Nowadays reference books have become a problem of great concern for_____ teachers and students.
6．I'll spend half of my holiday practising English and _________ half learning drawing.
7．Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do__________ for the people of his town.
8．In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in ______，knives and forks.
9．Niki is always full of ideas，but _____is useful to my knowledge.
10．The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but ________contained any useful suggestions.
both
the other
something
others
none
neither
Ⅱ.语法填空
The truth 1.__________ trees are vital to our life is not a secret.They provide us with food，wood and most 2.________ (important)，oxygen.Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.
The discovery 3.________ (make) by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students 4.________ were seeking a natural water filter — one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have 5.________ (accessible) to modern water filter systems.
The 6.________ (research)，led by Professor Rohit Karnik，decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through，while blocking out air bubbles.
They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree.The people related then tested the wood's filtering ability by pouring water 7.________ (contain) red dye particles of different sizes through.8.________ their amazement，they found that it was effective in trapping all the particles.9.________ (encourage)，the team conducted 10.________ experiment，this time with water that contained bacteria.Sure enough，the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria，allowing only 1% to flow through.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。树木对于我们的日常生活非常重要。它们不仅给我们提供食物、木材，最重要的是它们还给我们提供生存必需的氧气。除此之外，树木对于我们的生活还有一个非常重要的作用，即它们可以阻止有害细菌进入我们的水源。
1．that　考查同位语从句。“1.________ trees are vital to our life”作The truth的同位语，所填词在同位语从句中不作句子成分，故用that。
2．importantly　考查副词。most importantly(最重要的是)修饰动词provide。
3．was made　考查时态语态和主谓一致。本句在讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时；主语the discovery为单数含义与make为被动关系，故填was made。
4．who/that　考查定语从句。先行词为high school students，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用who/that引导。
5．access　考查动词短语。have access to“接近，可以利用”。
6．researchers　考查名词复数。根据上下文语境可知，此处应该填入名词复数researchers。此处指“这些由Professor Rohit Karnik带领的研究人员”。
7．containing　考查非谓语动词。water与contain是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
8．To　考查介词短语。to one's amazement“使某人吃惊的是”，to位于句首首字母大写。
9．Encouraged　考查非谓语动词。encourage与主语the team之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
10．another　考查代词。上文已说到他们做了一个实验，此处表示受到第一个实验结果的鼓舞，他们又做了一个实验。another“另一，再一”。
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Do you still remember the place ____________ we visited
2．I am reading the book___________ is written by a famous writer.
3．This woman ________ lives next to us is very kind.
4．He lives in the room _____ window faces to the south.
5．You should try to do _________ to stop the fighting boys.
6．I'd like ________ to be happy in our school.
7．Oxford is not far from Stratford，so you can easily visit ____ in a day.
8．—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning
—______ is OK.I'm free today and tomorrow.
(which/that)
which/that
who/that
whose
something
everyone
both
Either
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Dangerous as they are，extreme sports remain appealing among many Australian young people! Camp Xtreme is the perfect test of your heart.
Kite Surfing
It's the exciting mixture of kite，board and waves.The idea of using a kite to accelerate speed seems like a new challenge，yet the art of kite flying dates back to the 13th-century Chinese when it was used as a simple means of transport.
Catch a wind and you're moving — up，down and across the surf.“It's always exciting.You'd jump 5 feet or 35 feet.You never know if you're going to go up in the air，and your heart is just going boom，boom，boom.”
Coasteering
It is by far the best activity and the event that everyone is still talking about.This is exploring the coastline without worrying about a coastal path or finding a rocky bay blocking your route.You climb，dive and swim from one place to another.With Coasteering，you don't have to be able to swim as the wet suit and buoyancy(浮力) aid will keep you floating when you are in the water.
Sky Diving
Traditional parachuting(跳伞) doesn't sound risky enough.So now sky diving is the name for jumping from a plane and listening to your heart beating heavily as you move fast towards earth before you open your parachute at the last moment.
Mountain Biking
It's been around so long that bikers are no longer satisfied with just going up and down a mountain.Mountain biking is a sport which consists of riding bicycles off-road，often over rough land，using specially adapted mountain bikes.Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes，but include features designed to improve strength and performance in rough areas.
For details，please call us on 1300-792-668 or click here：www..au.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文中广告介绍的四种体育项目，都是对自我的一种挑战，在极限训练营中可以体验到的四种项目。
1．What are all the four extreme sports mainly intended to test
A．Heart beat.　　　 B．Physical health.
C．Potential strength. D．Courage.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段“Dangerous as they are，extreme sports remain appealing among many Australian young people! Camp Xtreme is the perfect test of your heart.”可知，极限训练营是对你勇气的考验，故选D项。
2．What does the underlined word“it” in the second paragraph refer to
A．The kite. B．Kite surfing.
C．Kite flying. D．The art of kites.
解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第二段“yet the art of kite flying dates back to the 13th-century Chinese when it was used as a simple means of transport”可知，13世纪的中国，用风筝作为交通工具，故选A项。
3．Which of the following sports can be the most risky
A．Kite surfing. B．Coasteering.
C．Sky diving. D．Mountain biking.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，传统意义上跳伞听起来并不是那么冒险，但今天的空中跳伞是从飞机上跳下来，当你打开降落伞之前，享受极速降落的刺激，因此这项运动是最冒险的，故选C项。
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．Kites were the main means of transport in China.
B．Swimming skills play a key role in Coasteering.
C．Parachuting is the least popular sports at present.
D．Mountain biking requires more than riding common bikes.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“Mountain biking is a sport which consists of riding bicycles off-road，often over rough land，using specially adapted mountain bikes.”可知，山地自行车运动需要更多的技能，故选D项。
Ⅲ.七选五
Although problems are a part of our lives，it certainly doesn't mean that we let them rule our lives forever.One day or the other，you'll have to stand up and say—problem，I don't want you in my life.
__1__ Problems with friends，parents，girlfriends，husbands，and children—the list goes on.Apart from these，the inner conflicts within ourselves work，too.These keep adding to our problems.Problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings.
But good news is that all problems can be dealt with.Now read on to know how to solve your problems.
Talk it really helps.What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help.__2__ Talking helps you move on and let go.
Write your problems.__3__ When you write down your problems，you are setting free all the tension from your system.You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems.By doing this，imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.
Don't lose faith and hope.No matter what you lose in life，don't lose faith and hope.Even if you lose all your money，family ...you should still have faith.__4__
Your problems aren't the worst.No matter what problem you get in life，there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours.__5__ Your problems might just seem big and worse，but in reality they can be removed.
Go about and solve your problems because every problem，however big or small，always has a way out.
A．But the truth is that when you talk about it，you're setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.
B．When we have a problem，a pressing，critical，urgent，life-threatening problem，how do we try and solve it
C．Tell yourself：when they can deal with them，why can't I
D．Of course，we've been fighting problems ever since we were born.
E．We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
F．Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don't want a real person to talk with.
G．With faith and hope，you can rebuild everything that you lose.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在我们的日常生活中常常会遇到各种各样的问题，遇到问题并不可怕，因为任何问题都是可以解决的。在文中作者主要介绍了如何处理生活中遇到的问题。比如，说出来，写下来，不要失去信心和希望，等等。
1．D　根据第一段“you'll have to stand up and say—problem，I don't want you in my life”和第二段“Problems with friends，parents，girlfriends，husbands，and children—the list goes on.”可知，问题伴随一个人的一生，D项“当然，自从我们出生的那一刻起，我们就在和麻烦作斗争”起到了衔接上下文的作用，故选D。
2．A　根据本段中“What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help.”及本段第一句“Talk，it really helps.”可知，A项是强调把问题说出来能够释放内心积压的消极情绪，表示一种转折，故选A。
3．F　根据“Write your problems ...When you write down your problems，you are setting free all the tension from your system.”可知，本段的建议是人们可以通过写出来来排解内心的紧张，而F项“Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don't want a real person to talk with.”符合语境，而且diary是信息词，故选F。
4．G　根据“Don't lose faith and hope ...you should still have faith.”可知，本段强调的是无论何时都不要失去信念和希望，而G项“With faith and hope，you can rebuild everything that you lose.”也是告诫人们只要有信念和希望，就能重建生活，内容可以承接上文，故选G。
5．C　根据“No matter what problem you get in life，there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours.”可知，本段讲的是自己遇到的问题不会比他人的严重。而C项“告诉自己：他们都能把问题解决掉，自己为什么不能？”符合语境，故选C。
Writing—记叙文
写作素养·读写结合
【文体知识】
本单元的写作重点是记叙文，描述所发生的事情和经历。常见的形式有：故事、传记、游记、日记、新闻报道等。
(一)记叙文的写作要素
1．要交代清楚五要素的内容，即：where，when，what，who，how。
2．事件可按时间或空间顺序叙述。
3．时态通常是与过去有关的时态；如果是当前的经常性事件、自然或社会现象，通常用与现在有关的时态。
写
作
指
导
(二)记叙文的篇章结构
开头(the beginning)——交代必要的背景，如：时间、地点、人物等。
中间(the middle)——交代故事情节(事情的主体)。如：事件的发生、发展和前因后果。
结尾(the ending)——事情的结果、感想、愿望等(the result or feeling)。
(三)在记叙文中常用到的连接词
First ...Then ...Next ...Finally；Some ...Some ...Others；The boys ...The girls ...；Some ...The others ...The rest of us/them ...
(四)时间顺序
early in the morning/in the early morning；in the middle of the day/at noon；late in the afternoon/in the late afternoon；far/deep into the night；in the past/at present/in the future；first，second，next，then，finally；at first，in the beginning；at last，in the end；shortly afterwards，at once，immediately，all of a sudden，suddenly，soon；the moment，as soon as，the first time，not until，next time，before，after，etc.
【亮点句式】
1．One Saturday，our family went to climb the beautiful West Hill.
那是一个星期六，我们全家去美丽的西山游玩。
2．After a long walking，I was as hungry as a wolf and helped myself to the roast beef and chicken.
长时间的步行之后，我饿极了，吃掉了烘烤的牛肉和鸡肉。
3．Until late into the night，I couldn't fall asleep，thinking about the happiness I had in the day.
夜很深了，我还不能入睡，想着白天的快乐时光。
4．Hardly had I done this when I realized that I had done something bad to our environment.
我刚一这样做，马上意识到自己的所作所为破坏了我们的环境。
5．No sooner had I thought about it than dad ended the game with his victory.
我刚想到这些的时候，爸爸已经赢得了比赛。
6．I turned off the TV as fast as possible.Meanwhile，I pretended that I was reading Chinese book.
我以最快的速度关掉电视，同时假装在读语文书。
【写作任务】
假定你是李华，下面是你本周的一次经历。请根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，记述这次事件的经过。
星期一轮到你值日，你必须早一点到学校，以便在同学们到校之前做完值日。因为害怕迟到，你骑车去学校。但由于骑得太快，不小心把一位步行的老人撞倒了。你扶起老人，确认他无碍后就马上赶往学校。当你到达学校时，却发现钥匙找不到了。你返回去寻找钥匙，却发现那位老人手里拿着钥匙，正在等你。
精
品
展
示
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁 记叙文 时态 一般过去时为主
主题 个人经历 人称 第一人称为主
结构 首段：叙述事件发生的经过；
第二段：叙述找钥匙的过程。
【遣词造句】
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．_______ adj.　受伤的
2．_______ 极，很
3．____________________ 向……再见
4．____________ 害怕……
5．__________ 撞倒
injured
far too
wave good bye to ...
be afraid of
knock down
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．我不得不在所有同学来之前打扫完卫生。
I _______________________________________________________ before all the classmates came.
2．因为我骑得太快而且太粗心，撞倒了一位老人。
___________________________________________，I knocked down an old man.
3．当我到了学校，发现教室的钥匙丢了。
When I got to the school，I __________________________________．
had to get to the school earlier to finish the cleaning
As I was riding far too fast and carelessly
found the key to the classroom was lost
(二)句式升级
4．I am afraid of being late.I decided to go to the school by bike.(用现在分词改写句子)
___________________________________________________________
5．An old man was walking across the street.I knocked down an old man.(用定语从句改写句子)
___________________________________________________________
6．The old man was waiting for me.The key was in his hand.(用with复合结构改写句子)
________________________________________________________
Being afraid of being late，I decided to go to school by bike.
I knocked down an old man who was walking across the street.
The old man was waiting for me，with the key in his hand!
【妙笔成篇】
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I was on duty this Monday，so I had to get to the school earlier to finish the cleaning before all the classmates came.Being afraid of being late，I decided to go to school by bike.As I was riding far too fast and carelessly，I knocked down an old man who was walking across the street.I raised the old man.Fortunately，he didn't get injured at all.
After waving good bye to him，I hurried to school.However，when I got to the school，I found the key to the classroom was lost.I had to return to look for it.You cannot imagine what happened! The old man was waiting for me，with the key in his hand！
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My son made notes of everything _______he read.
2．Yesterday I met the teacher ________ once taught us maths.
3．Will you show me the girl _____ name is Wei Fang
4．The girl to _____you spoke just now is a friend of my elder sister's.
5．On the bus I saw a student _________I believed was your brother.
6．Is there ________ different in today's newspaper
7．_____of his friends wants to help him again.He felt disappointed.
(that)
who/that
whose
whom
who/that
anything
None
8．______________ is ready now so let's start right now.
9．He doesn't agree with _______of his parents on many things.
10．I can't find my history book.Have you seen it _________
Everything/All
either
anywhere
Ⅱ.阅读理解
I remember one time being invited to play golf with my college football coach.He was a great golfer.Everyone, including my coach, expected that I'd be a fine golfer as well.After all, I was a college athlete and all college athletes should be great golfers.Right Wrong.You see, I'd only played a few times in my life.
I was afraid that they would find out how bad I was at golf.Especially my coach.So I was hoping that I could fool him and everyone else into thinking I was good.On the very first hole there was a small crowd gathered around.I was first up to begin.Why me As I stepped up to hit the ball, I prayed for a miracle(奇迹).
Swooooosssssshhhhh.It worked! A miracle! I couldn't believe it! I had hit a long shot, straight down the middle of the fairway.
I turned around and smiled to the crowd and acted as if I always hit like that.“Thank you.Thank you very much.”
I had them all fooled.But I was only fooling myself because there were 171/2 more holes to go.In fact, it took only about five more shots for everyone around me, including my coach, to realize that I was a_complete_golf_sham．It wasn't long until the coach was trying to show me how to play.
You can't fake playing golf, playing a guitar, or speaking Arabic if you haven't paid the price to get good.There's no way around it.Hard work is a principle(原则).As the NBA great Larry Bird put it, “If you don't do your homework, you won't make your free throws.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己一次打高尔夫球的经历，告诉我们勤奋的重要性。
1．What can we learn about the author
A．He was poor in health.
B．He was good at sports.
C．His coach was worried about him.
D．His favourite hobby is playing golf.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者是一名大学运动员，所以应是擅长运动的。故B项正确。
2．How did the author feel before he hit the ball
A．Very excited.
B．Very nervous.
C．Very unhappy.
D．Very confident.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，由于作者事实上并不会打高尔夫球，因此他在击球前拼命祈祷，可见他非常紧张。故B项正确。
3．What does the underlined part“a complete golf sham” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Someone who is good at playing golf.
B．Someone who knows a lot about golf.
C．Someone who can't play golf actually.
D．Someone who likes playing golf very much.
解析：C　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段可知，后来人们发现作者根本不会打高尔夫球，教练开始教他如何打。作者的第一次成功击球完全是侥幸。故C项正确。
4．What does the author want to tell us by writing the text
A．The importance of hard work.
B．The importance of having a hobby.
C．How to learn a new skill quickly.
D．How to show your best to others.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者通过本文主要强调辛勤工作和勤奋努力的重要性。任何事单凭侥幸是不可能成功的。故A项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Most of us complain(抱怨)．Though we 1.________ (tell) never to complain，it doesn't help.A thought that isn't said out is like a seed，2.________ is being planted in the mud.It would eventually grow into a tree.Suppressing (压制) them，you will one day find that the thoughts once kept in 3.________ dark will start exploding inside you.
But if you bring a seed into the light，eventually you will learn to manage the thoughts you once suppressed.
Complaints actually can help people improve.In that case，you aren't 4.________ (real) complaining.You're giving feedback (反馈) to someone，5.________ (hope) they can find ways to make themselves better.
But the 6.________ (differ) is that when we complain about something we are finding fault in it.When we are just finding fault in people and the situations we come across，we are just finding fault in 7.________ (we)．Ever heard the saying “The world is just a reflection of you”？ Well，it's actually true!
So，8.________ (stop) this，try to consciously(有意识地)not to complain about what goes wrong.Instead，try feeling grateful 9.________ what went right in your day.
Slowly，as you regain conscious control of your thoughts，you will find you are more likely to see the brighter side of 10.________ (thing) whenever you want to complain.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们为什么会抱怨及如何克服抱怨。
1．are told　 考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析该句成分可知，we与tell是一种动宾关系，又因为该篇文章叙述的一般性的事实，所以该空用所给词的一般现在时的被动语态形式，主语为复数含义，故填are told。
2．which　考查定语从句。分析该句成分可知，该句是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，其先行词为seed，故用关系代词which。
3．the　考查冠词。in the dark意为“在黑暗中”。
4．really　考查副词。所填词在此处修饰动词complaining，故用所给词的副词形式really。
5．hoping　考查非谓语动词。分析该句成分可知，所填词与其逻辑主语You是一种主谓关系，故用所给词的现在分词hoping，作状语。
6．difference　考查名词。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作主语，故用所给词的名词形式difference。
7．ourselves　考查代词。该句句意表示“我们其实是在找我们自己的茬”，故该空用所给词的反身代词ourselves。
8．to stop　考查非谓语动词。分析该句成分可知，所填词在句中作目的状语，故该空用所给词的不定式形式to stop。
9．for　考查介词。be grateful for sth.意为“对……感激”，为固定搭配。
10．things　考查名词复数。thing为可数名词，又因为该空前无冠词，故用所给词的复数形式things。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
为了鼓励大家强身健体，你校将发起“每天一万步”的动员活动。你受学生会委托为你校英文报写一份倡议书，内容包括：
1．同学们普遍缺乏锻炼；
2．说明步行的好处；
3．动员大家每天走一万步。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Nowadays high school students are so busy that they can hardly afford some time to take exercise.They spend long hours sitting at a desk or staring at electronic screens every day.As a result, most of them are suffering from poor health physically and mentally.
Now it's time to make a change.It is widely believed that walking is one of the best forms of exercise.Not only can walking build up your muscles and heart, but it can also promote your blood circulation.Meanwhile, walking can help you relax yourself, refresh yourself, and improve your learning efficiency.
Dear students, please stand up, go out, and start walking! Walking 10, 000 steps every day will make you healthy, strong and smart.
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课时规范训练(八)
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放(共118张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1 THE UNDERDOG
语篇研析·教材精读
Ⅰ.重点单词
(一)选用下面的单词并用其适当形式填空
athlete；prefer；underdog；defeat；company；champion；desire；gather；pack；energy；crowd；earn
词
汇
预
习
1．How much do you ____ a week
2．They noticed a ______of people shouting and cheering.
3．Engineers spend much time and ______ developing good ways.
4．In the evenings，we ________ around the fireplace and talked.
5．I had a strong ______ to help and care for people.
6．I became a teacher because I _________ books and people to politics.
earn
crowd
energy
gathered
desire
preferred
(二)写出下列词汇的派生词
1．frequent adj.频繁的，经常的→frequently adv.频繁地；经常地→_________ n．发生的频率，发生率
2．______ vt.更喜欢→preference n．偏爱；优先
3．balance n．平衡，均衡；天平 vt.权衡；使平衡→________ adj.均衡的
4．replace vt.替换；取代→___________ n．替换的人(物)
5．______ vi.&vt.聚集，聚合→gathering n．聚集；集会
frequency
prefer
balanced
replacement
gather
6．sharp adj.锋利的；突然的；灵敏的→_______ adv.严厉地，毫不客气地
7．______ n．力量，活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的
8．_____ n．人群→crowded adj.拥挤的
9．____ vt.赢得；博得→earning n．收入；赚得的钱
10．_____ vi.骑自行车→cyclist n．骑自行车者，自行车运动员
sharply
energy
crowd
earn
cycle
Ⅱ.重点短语
根据中文提示填空
1．He can't ____________ others in his work.(跟上)
2．My ten months of hard work finally ________．(取得成功)
3．She chose the red sweater ___________ the pink one.(而不是)
4．Bob ________，and was sent to the hospital right away.(受伤)
5．His car ____________ a tree while he was driving in the snowstorm.(猛撞)
6．I had to go to the cinema _________ because all the other boys were busy.(独立)
keep up with
paid off
rather than
got hurt
crashed into
on my own
Step 1 Fast reading
速读教材课文“THE UNDERDOG”，选择最佳答案
1．Why did Paul have to try out many times
A．Because he was not tall.
B．Because he wanted to make the team.
C．Because he wanted to be a replacement.
D．Because he had many chances to play for the team.
教
材
精
读
2．Which team did Paul and I play for
A．NBA.　　　　 B．The Bears.
C．The Lions. D．It is not mentioned.
3．Why did my knee hurt badly
A．Because there were so many players.
B．Because I crashed into a player.
C．Because it was the last quarter.
D．Because I wanted to give Paul a chance.
4．What's the coach's attitude to Paul
A．Confident. B．Skeptical(怀疑)．
C．Positive. D．Supportive.
5．What's the result of the match
A．The Lion won the game by 10 points.
B．The Bear won the game by 2 points.
C．The Lion won the game by 2 points.
D．The Bear won the game by 10 points.
答案：1－5　BCBBC
Step 2　Careful reading
细读教材课文“THE UNDERDOG”，判断正误
1．Paul's favourite player was LeBron James.(　　)
2．Paul was as tall as Bogues.(　　)
3．This season The Bears only lost one game before they competed with our team.(　　)
4．Before the last quarter，our team was ahead of The Bears by only two points.(　　)
5．The coach hit Paul on the shoulder because he was glad to his behavior.(　　)
答案：1－5　FTFFT
Step 3　Post reading
根据教材课文“THE UNDERDOG”，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Paul and I were 1.__ the same basketball team and we are both big fans of the NBA.Paul liked Tyrone Bogues，2.___ played for the Charlotte Hornets.Paul was only 1.6 meters tall，which meant he had to practice more.Paul had to try out many times just for 3.______ (make) the team.4._____ (be) just a replacement made him tough，although all of us knew Paul had real skills.
on
who
making
Being
This week we 5.________ (compete) with The Bears，whose record this season had been perfect.6.________ (sudden) I crashed into a 7.______ (play) and my knee hurt badly.The Bear was ahead of us by 10 points.I told the coach that I couldn't play any more and wanted Paul 8.__________ (replace) me.Finally，the coach gave him a chance and told him not to let us 9.____.Paul made shot after shot and his hard work 10.____ (pay) off.Our team had won by 2 points at last.
competed
Suddenly
player
to replace
down
paid
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
According to legend，the ancient Olympic Games were founded by Heracles，a son of Zeus.Yet the first Olympic Games for which we still have written records were held in 776 BC.At this Olympic Games，a naked runner，Coroebus won the only event at the Olympics，which made him the first Olympic champion in history.The ancient Olympic Games grew and continued to be played every four years for nearly 1，200 years.
Approximately 1，500 years later，a young Frenchman named Pierre de Coubertin began their revival(复兴)．Coubertin was a French aristocrat(贵族)born on January 1st，1863.He was only seven years old when France was ruled by the Germans during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870.Coubertin attributed the defeat of France not to its military skills but rather to the French soldiers' lack of energy.After examining the education of the German，British，and American children，Coubertin decided that it was exercise，more specifically sports，that made a well-rounded and energetic person.Coubertin's attempt to get France interested in sports was not met with enthusiasm.Still，Coubertin persisted.In 1890，he organized and founded a sports organization，Union des Sociétés Francaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA)．Two years later，Coubertin first proposed his idea to revive the Olympic Games.
Though Coubertin was not the first to propose the revival of the Olympic Games，he was certainly the most well-connected and persistent of those to do so.Two years later，Coubertin organized a meeting with 79 delegates (代表) who represented nine countries.At this meeting，Coubertin spoke of the revival of the Olympic Games.This time，Coubertin aroused interest.The delegates at the conference all voted for the Olympic Games.The delegates also decided to have Coubertin construct an international committee to organize the Games.This committee became the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and Demetrious Vikelas from Greece was selected to be its first president.Athens was chosen as the location for the revival of the Olympic Games and the planning was begun.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。奥运会是享誉全球的一项体育赛事，本文按照纪年的方式讲述了奥运会的发展。
1．What did Coubertin think the defeat of France in 1870 lie in
A．The French soldiers' bad military skills.
B．The French soldiers' terrible education.
C．The French soldiers' short of energy.
D．The French soldiers' lack of confidence.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Coubertin attributed the defeat of France not to its military skills but rather to the French soldiers' lack of energy.”可知，顾拜旦认为1870年法国战败的原因在于他们的体力，而不是其军事能力，因此本题答案为C。
2．What can we know about Pierre de Coubertin
A．He won the first Olympic champion in history.
B．He was selected to be the first president of the IOC.
C．He made contributions to the development of the Olympics.
D．He was the first to advocate the revival of the Olympics.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段及其第三段可知皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦是现代奥林匹克运动的发起人，对奥运会的革新做出了重大贡献，因此本题答案为C。
3．What do we know from the meeting organized by Coubertin in 1894
A．People showed no interest in the revival of the Olympics.
B．The delegates decided on the place of the first Olympics.
C．The modern Olympic Games were founded.
D．The constant efforts Coubertin made paid off.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，在1894年顾拜旦组织召开的会议上，他对奥运会的革新思想得到了人们的认可，国际奥林匹克委员会正式成立，同时取得了很多成就，由此可知，在这次会议上，顾拜旦不懈的努力得到了回报。
4．Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A．The Meaning of the First Olympic Games
B．The Role of Pierre de Coubertin on the Olympics
C．The Story of the Ancient Olympic Games
D．The History of the Olympic Games
解析：D　标题归纳题。本文以时间顺序主要讲述了奥林匹克运动会的发展史，因此本题答案为D。
Eat green leafy vegetables.
Maybe you're not a fan of greens.__1__ Green leafy vegetables，just like carrots，contains lutein (叶黄素)，which is important to your eyes.It lowers the risk of light-caused damage and provides huge health benefits to your body.
__2__
Your eyes and facial muscles also deserve a good rest.For every 20 minutes of staring at a screen or reading something，you need to look 20 feet away from you for a period of 20 seconds.Exercise should also be practiced on those of your eyes.__3__
Drink water.
What can water do It keeps your mind and body working well.__4__ According to experts，the most common eye complaint is linked to dry eye and its symptoms.
Get outside.
__5__ This will decrease the aching in the muscles around eyes.A study made in 2014 suggests that the risk of near-sightedness in children reduces about 2% with each extra hour spent outside on a weekly basis.
A．Create a daily routine for yourself.
B．Rest your eyes and facial muscles regularly.
C．Drinking a lot of water keeps your eyes from drying out.
D．It helps your eyes in adjusting to daylight and far distances.
E．However，research shows that playing video games helps improve a good eyesight.
F．But start to be one if you want to protect your beautiful eyes and make it last a lifetime.
G．Moving your eyes from top to bottom，side to side or even circling it around is enough to improve your eyesight.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何预防近视的几点建议。
1．F　根据空后的“Green leafy vegetables，just like carrots，contains lutein (叶黄素)，which is important to your eyes.”可知，绿叶蔬菜，比如胡萝卜，含有叶黄素，这对你的眼睛很重要，故F项(但如果你想保护你美丽的眼睛，并让它持续一生，那就开始做一个爱吃蔬菜的人吧)符合语境。
2．B　根据本段内容，特别是“Your eyes and facial muscles also deserve a good rest.”可知，你的眼睛和面部肌肉也应该好好休息，故B项(定期休息眼睛和面部肌肉)符合语境。
3．G　根据空前的“Exercise should also be practiced on those of your eyes.”可知，要活动你的眼睛，空处解释说明眼睛的具体活动，故G项(从上到下，从一边到另一边，甚至转一圈眼睛都足以提高你的视力)符合语境。
4．C　根据空前的“What can water do It keeps your mind and body working well.”可知，水能帮助你的大脑和身体正常工作，空处承接上文，说的是水对眼睛的重要性，故C项(多喝水可以防止眼睛干燥)符合语境。
5．D　根据本段小标题“Get outside.”可知，本段讲的是到户外去对眼睛的好处，故D项(它帮助你的眼睛适应日光和远距离)符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The term “extreme sports”，which we might have seen on a magazine or a website，1.________ (be) becoming more and more common as the concept of extreme sports gains 2.________ (popular)．But what are extreme sports on earth
During the 1970s and 1980s，the term was used for sports with high risks 3.________ (involve)．Today，however，the sports also include activities that give a feeling of adventure without 4.________ (necessary) putting a participant's life in danger.For every extreme sport，there is professional equipment that has been developed 5.________ (protect) your body，improve your performance and give you 6.______ advantage in the competition.
Extreme sports cover a wide range.Some 7.________ (develop) from familiar activities so far，like mountain biking，climbing and drag race.Some may not be well known.For instance，bouldering is a kind of rock climbing 8.________ no rope is used.9.________ usually takes place in an area with large rocks or in climbing center.
Nowadays，such sports have become more popular 10.________ young people all over the world than ever before.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一些有关“极限运动”的信息。
1．is　考查时态和主谓一致。陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，且the term作主语，是第三人称单数，故填is。
2．popularity　考查名词。gain popularity受到欢迎，获得青睐，故填popularity。
3．involved　考查过去分词。这里考查with的复合结构，名词high risks与involve之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填involved。
4．necessarily　考查副词。此处用副词形式修饰putting ...in danger，故填necessarily。
5．to protect　考查非谓语动词。to do不定式表示目的，故填to protect。
6．an　考查冠词。advantage是名词，意为“优势”，give sb.an advantage给某人一个优势 ，故填an。
7．have developed　考查时态。根据so far可知此处用现在完成时，故填have developed。
8．where　考查定语从句关系词。本句是关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词是rock climbing，从句的主语是no rope，谓语是is used，缺少状语，故where作地点状语，故填where。
9．It　考查代词。it指代的是上文的bouldering，因在句首，故首字母大写，故填It。
10．among/with　考查介词。among在……之间，一般指三者或三者以上，with表示受到……的欢迎，这里是在年轻人中受欢迎，故填among/with。
知识探究·讲练互动
1.(教材原句)I prefer to play basketball rather than play football.
我宁愿打篮球而不愿踢足球。
prefer vt.更喜欢；宁可；宁愿
【语境体验】
①After all，all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.
＝After all，all kids would be praised rather than be scolded.
＝After all，all kids would rather be praised than be scolded.
＝After all，all kids prefer being praised to being scolded.
毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。
②Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
归纳 拓展
【名师点津】
(1)prefer不用于进行时。
(2)prefer相当于like ...better，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Nowadays some teenagers prefer _______(play)cellphones rather than____________ (communicate) with their parents face to face.
②Some people prefer ___________ (do) almost everything over the Internet.
③I should prefer you not _______ (stay) there too long.
④I have a __________ (prefer) for serious novels to popular fictions.
to play
communicate
to do/doing
to stay
preference
2．(教材原句)have a healthy and balanced diet
有一个健康均衡的饮食
balance vt.平衡；权衡 n．天平；平衡；结余；余额
【语境体验】
①You'd better keep a balanced diet for the benefit of your health.
为了有益于身体健康，你最好均衡饮食。
②When he was running after his brother，the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall.
当这个男孩追赶弟弟的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。
③You've been studying too hard，but you'd better keep a balance between study and relaxation.
你太努力学习了，你最好保持学习和放松的平衡。
(1)keep/lose one's balance　保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between ...and ... 保持……与……的平衡
on balance 总的来说
(2)balance sth.against ... 权衡；斟酌；比较
balance between ...and ... 平衡……与……
(3)balanced adj. 平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)写出下列句中balance的含义
①I must check my bank balance before I decide to buy the car._______
②You should balance the advantages against the disadvantages before you give up your present job.__________
(2)单句语法填空
③__ balance，we have a good chance of winning the race.
④The president is planning for a ________(balance)budget.
余额
权衡
On
balanced
3．(教材原句)Paul had to try out many times just for making the team.
保罗多次参加选拔，方才入选球队。
try out for sth.参加……选拔
【语境体验】
①It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team.
这件事始于当一位老师建议我参加篮球队员的选拔的时候。
②Alison's trying for a job as a research assistant.
艾莉森正在争取一份研究助理的工作。
③We should try our best to attend on our parents，and make them happy in their later years.
我们应当尽力照顾好我们的父母并使他们晚年幸福。
try out　试用，试验
try for 谋求，争取；试图获得，力争赢得
try out for 参加……选拔/竞赛
try one's best to do sth. 尽某人所能做某事
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①It is very pleasant to travel and to try ___ and explore whatever is new.
②These teams are going to try out ___ the Olympic Games.
out
for
4．(教材原句)He was still usually on the bench，being just a replacement，which was really tough on him.
然而，他仍旧通常“坐板凳”作为替补队员，这对他来说是真够难熬的。
replacement n．替换的人(物)
【语境体验】
①We need a replacement for the secretary who left.
我们需要一个人代替已离职的秘书。
②It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced by/with computers in class.
人们普遍认为，在课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
③John is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him.
约翰病了，我想知道谁将代替他。
replace vt.　取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处
replace sth.with/by sth. 用……替换……
归纳 拓展
【名师点津】　表示“代替”的短语还有：in place of＝in one's place；take the place of＝take one's place。
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①I am going to replace my battered car ____ a new one.
②We are hard to find a ____________(replace)for our assistant.
with
replacement
5．(教材原句)Everyone knew Paul had real skills，and was someone who worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team.
每个人都知道保罗有着真正的技术，他是一个非常努力的人，并且很渴望为球队打球。
desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要
【语境体验】
①Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things.
艺术应当成为你想要培养的东西，仅仅因为这个世界充满了美好的东西。
②He has a strong desire for knowledge/to learn knowledge.
他有强烈的求知欲。
③The desire to help others must come from the deep heart.
帮助别人的愿望必须发自内心深处。
④My parents desire me to enter a key university.
我父母渴望我上一所重点大学。
⑤He has desires/a desire that his book should be read by as many people as possible.
他渴望他的书被尽可能多的人阅读。
(1)a desire for sth.　　　对某物的渴望
a desire to do sth. 做某事的渴望/愿望
a desire that ...(should) do ... 渴望……
(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事
desire that ...(should) do ... 希望……
归纳 拓展
【名师点津】　desire后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①We always desire _______ (live) in peace with all the others.
②She has a strong desire ___ knowledge and wants to go to college very much.
③He desires me _____(go)abroad for further education.
＝He desires that I ___________(go) abroad for further education.
to live
for
to go
(should) go
6．(教材原句)The last quarter was about to begin，and my team was behind by 10 points.
最后一节就要开始了，我队落后10分。
be about to do sth.将要做……
【语境体验】
①Walk up! Walk up! The performance is about to begin.
快过来！快过来！表演马上开始了。
②I was about to close the window when I noticed something strange.
我正要关上窗户，这时我注意到了一些奇怪的东西。
③He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college.
他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。
④We are going to go on a picnic next week.
我们打算在下周去野餐。
表示将来的表达有：
(1) be about to do ...表示“即将发生的动作”，不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用，常用于be about to do ...when ...，意为“将要做……这时……”。
(2)be to do句型的含义：
①表示注定要发生的事，相当于must或have to；
②预先安排好的计划或约定；
③表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情感意义。
(3)be going to do ...多用于口语，强调事先打算、计划要做某事或根据某种迹象要发生某事。
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①I was about to do my homework ____ the power was cut off.
②You are _______ (take) the place of the manager to attend the meeting in the absence of him.
when
to take
7．(教材原句)I won't let you down!
我不会让你失望的！
let sb. down把……放下来；使失望/情绪低沉；辜负(别人的信任或期望)
【语境体验】
①In a voice full of disappointment，she told him that he had let the whole class down.
她用充满失望的语气对他说，他令全班失望了。
②I hardly had time to think these days，let alone relax.
这些天我几乎都没时间思考，更不用说休息了。
③The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，letting in the natural light during the day.
入口处的玻璃门已取代了木门，在白天好让自然光照进来。
④She promised that she would not let out the plan to the press.
她答应不会向媒体泄露这项计划。
let alone　更不用说；更谈不上
let off 宽恕，免除
let sb./sth.alone 对某人/某事放任不管；置之不理
let in 允许进入；容许；许可
let out 释放；放走；发出(叫喊声等)；泄露(消息、秘密等)；透露
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①We fear no death，let _____ difficulties.
②Because he was brave to save the boy in danger，the judge let him ___．
alone
off
8．(教材原句)And clearly，all the extra hours that he'd spent practising alone paid off.
很显然，他独自一人训练花的额外时间得到了回报。
pay off 取得成功；奏效；还清(债务)；有回报
【语境体验】
①All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam.
所有那几周的学习都会在考试的时候见成效。
②You'll have to pay off your old loan before being allowed a new one.
你必须还清旧债，才能重新贷款。
③If you don't work now，you'll pay for it later when you fail your exams.
你现在不好好学，到考试不及格时就得为此而付出代价。
pay sb.for sth.　付钱给某人作为……的费用
pay for sth. 为……付费/吃苦头/受惩罚
pay back 还钱；报复
pay a price for ... 为……付出代价
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　写出下列句中pay off的含义
①It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan._______
②Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off._________
③Did your daring plan pay off？_____________
还清
得到回报
取得成功
9．(教材原句)The other team just couldn't keep up with his energy and speed.
另一支球队无法跟上他的精力和速度。
keep up with跟上，保持同步
【语境体验】
①Penny tended to work through her lunch hour to keep up with her work.
为了把活儿干完，彭妮常常午饭时间也要工作。
②Faced with challenges，you'd better keep up a good state of mind.
面对挑战，你最好保持良好的心态。
③Neither of them is telling the whole truth.Obviously，they keep something back.
他们谁也没把全部实情都说出来。很明显，他们总是要隐瞒些什么。
keep at sth.　坚持做某事
keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep back 忍住，隐瞒；抑制
keep off 避开，防止，挡住
keep out of 使不进入……
keep up 保持，继续
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①He kept __ the job until finished.
②The rain kept us from _____(go)out.
③She couldn't keep ____ her tears.
④I hope the fine weather will keep __．
at
going
back
up
10．(教材原句) He made shot after shot，and the crowd couldn't stop clapping and cheering.
他一个接一个的投篮，人群忍不住鼓掌欢呼。
crowd n．人群；群众
【语境体验】
①I was nearly pushed over by a crowd of children.
我差点被一群孩子推倒。
②Many football fans crowded in when the gate was opened.
大门打开后，许多足球球迷都涌了进来。
③Shops were crowded with customers looking over the colorful displays.
商店里挤满了浏览丰富多彩的陈列品的顾客。
(1)a crowd of　一群，一伙
(2)crowd v. 挤满；涌入
crowd in 挤进
crowd out 挤出；推开
(3) crowded adj. 拥挤的
be crowded with 挤满了……
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①It had been a tense，restless day with people ________ (crowd) her all the time.
②The old town square was________ (crowd) with people.
crowding
crowded
11．(教材原句)Paul knew that being shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.
保罗知道自己比其他球员矮意味着他需要多加练习。
【句型剖析】
本句that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中being shorter than other players是动名词短语作主语。
【语境体验】
①Having a trip there will give you a good understanding of Chinese culture.
到那里旅行会使你对中国文化有一个很好的了解。
②Being brought up in the countryside made Mr Wilson more hardworking than others.
在乡村被抚养长大使得威尔逊先生比他人更努力。
(1)动名词直接位于句首作主语。
(2)用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动名词作主语时，不太常用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile等。
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①_______ (read) aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.
②It was a waste of time _______ (read) that book.
③_____________ (injure) in the crash made it impossible for him to drive any more.
Reading
reading
Being injured
12．(教材原句)Paul didn't know he'd soon get the chance that he'd been waiting for.
保罗不知道他很快就会得到他一直在等待的机会。
【句型剖析】
“he'd been waiting for”是过去完成进行时态。过去完成进行时的结构是“had＋been ＋doing”．它表示从过去的过去就已经开始的动作，到过去的某一个时间此动作一直在进行，也有可能持续下去。它也可以表示此动作反复进行。
【语境体验】
①They had been walking for 3 hours when it began to rain.
天开始下雨时，他们已经走了三个小时的路了。
②For days the kids have been looking for others we can help.
数日来孩子们一直在寻找我们能帮助的人。
③I have been calling him many times this morning，but there's no answer.
今早我给他打了数次电话，但仍未打通。
现在完成进行时态：
(1)结构为：have/has ＋been ＋现在分词。
(2) 常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。也可以表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①The organization ________________ (help) the poor for many years before they were awarded a prize.
②Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I ___________________ (listen)to the music again and again.
③We are waiting for the new film.We __________________(wait) here for more than two hours.
④Dashan，who _________________ (learn) crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
had been helping
had been listening
have been waiting
has been learning
13．(教材原句)The team gathered around，looking worried.
队员们聚在一起，看上去很担心。
【句型剖析】
“looking worried”是现在分词短语作状语。
【语境体验】
①Thinking of all the people still in need of help，Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
想到所有仍需要帮助的人，林医生开了一家私人诊所。
②Having done his work so well，the clerk was praised by his boss.
工作完成得如此出色，老板夸奖了那位员工。
现在分词(短语)作状语，分词所修饰的句子的主语与分词所表示的动作之间是主动关系时，若分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生时，则用doing，若分词所表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前，强调先后顺序时，则用having done。这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示谓语动词所表示的动作发生时的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①_______ (hear) the news，they all jumped with joy.
②______________ (water)the flowers，he began to cut the grass.
③They would be able to reply to our signals，_____ (use) similar methods.
④All night long he lay awake，________ (think) of the problem.
⑤Her husband died ten years ago，________(leave)her with three children to look after.
⑥_____________ (fail)for ten times，she had to change her way of doing the experiment.
Hearing
Having watered
using
thinking
leaving
Having failed
14．(教材原句)We're losing anyway.
不管怎样，我们就要输了。
【句型剖析】
本句是现在进行时态表将来的用法。
现在进行时还可以表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，这类动词主要有：go，come，leave，stay，start，arrive，land，meet，move，return，stop，do，fly等。
归纳 拓展
【语境体验】
①My aunt is leaving for Shanghai at eleven o'clock tomorrow morning.
明天早上十一点我婶婶将离开去上海。
②Food supplies in the flood stricken area are running out.We must act immediately before there's none left.
洪灾区的食物供给快要用完了。我们必须在食物吃完前马上行动。
【学以致用】　翻译句子
明天一早他要飞往上海。
_____________________________________________
He is flying to Shanghai early next morning.
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You can't hear waves of such a high f________．
2．I like g_________ and the other indoor sports.
3．Most of us need to lead more b_______ lives to be healthy and happy.
4．We meet r_________ to discuss the progress of the project.
5．Dreams may make an artist have some i__________．
6．He easily ________ (战胜) his opponent in the election.
7．My secretary leaves us next week，so we are advertising for a ___________ (替换的人)．
requency
ymnastics
alanced
egularly
nspiration
defeated
replacement
8．I am filled with ______ (渴望) to go back home.
9．The traveler took out a bottle of water from the ____ (包裹) on his back.
10．They left the car and moved on along the muddy______(小路)．
desire
pack
track
Ⅱ.选词填空
rather than；in good/bad shape；on one's own；try out for；crash into；get hurt；pay off；keep up with
1．He is not so handsome but is _____________ with nice broad shoulders.
2．They could not ____________ us when we climbed the mountain.
3．My brother wanted to ___________ the football team.
4．His hard work will eventually _______．
5．It's not easy for him to get around because his leg _________．
in good shape
keep up with
try out for
pay off
gets hurt
6．Success in study mainly depends ____________ efforts.
7．When I'm going out in the evening I use the bike if I can____________ the car.
8．Don't be in my way，or I will __________ your car!
on one's own
rather than
crash into
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Suddenly I felt someone tapping me __ the shoulder.
2．It is no use _______ (talk) about that.
3．The streets were _______(crowd)with bicyclists.
4．You must spend less until your debts are paid ___．
5．I know I let you ____ last week，but you can count on me this time.
6．My brother greatly desired _____(go)to England.
7．Over fifty boys came to try out ___ the football team.
8．Even on holidays Mr Wang preferred reading to _____ (do) nothing.
9．A ________(balance)diet is necessary for good health.
10．We need to replace the water pipes ____ new ones.
on
talking
crowded
off
down
to go
for
doing
balanced
with
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．阅读法文比讲法语容易。
______________ is easier than speaking it.
2．我宁愿观赏居住在自然栖息地里的动物，而不愿看在动物园里的动物。
I prefer to see animals in their natural habitat，___________________．
3．我猜他不会来参加聚会。
I don't suppose _______________________．
Reading French
rather than in zoos
he'll come to the party
4．马路上挤满了各种车辆。
The roads are __________________________________．
5．罗伯特用友好的态度轻拍她的头。
Robert ______________________ in a friendly manner.
crowded with vehicles of all kinds
patted her on the head
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I p_____ going to the cinema to watching TV.
2．He cut down on coffee and cigarettes，and ate a b_______ diet.
3．Dreams can be a rich source of i__________ for an artist.
4．The little girl presented the c_______ with flowers.
5．The plane c______ but the crew were safe.
6．Your ______(额外的)fat may be more of a health danger than you realize.
refer
alanced
nspiration
hampion
rashed
extra
7．Renewable ______ (能源) will become more important as time goes on.
8．As a teacher，she had ______ (赢得) the respect of her students.
9．James is a good ________(运动员) and is to win this game.
10．You've got to be especially careful when you __________(骑车) on snow.
energy
earned
athlete
cycle
Ⅱ.阅读理解
All human societies play games.Kicking a ball can be found everywhere whether the ball is just a ball of cloth，or a skin stuffed with feathers or air.
But complex games and team sports have tended to arise in big civilizations — the higher the cultural level of a society is，the greater the complexity of the interaction is，and hence perhaps the more complex the forms of sports are.
This is not always the case.The ancient Greeks，for example，preferred the individual rather than team sports.But in China for well over 2，000 years，people played the game of “kickball”—cuju.The members were often young men from wealthy families though there were also professional kickball players.
Cuju was played as entertainment at court banquets or the reception of foreign ambassadors.Even emperors played kickball.
As you'd expect in a Confucian society，kickball clubs were keen on the key qualities of mercy and courtesy.A great player was one who showed “the spirit of the game”．The “Ten Essentials of Kickball” included respect for other players，polite behaviors and team spirit.There was to be no ungentlemanly behavior，no dangerous play，and no hogging (独占) the ball.In other words，as we used to say，“Play up and play the game.”
What a contrast with the ancient Greek athletics where only victory counted and if that needed gamesmanship，or cruel professional fouls (犯规)，then so be it.
As a way of national culture protection，cuju was listed into the first batch of China's intangible cultural heritage in 2006.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。复杂的比赛项目和团队运动往往出现在大的社会文明中，社会的文化水平越高，相互作用的复杂性就越大，因此体育的形式可能也就越复杂。文章通过比较古希腊人喜欢的个人运动和中国人喜欢的团体运动来进行说明。
1．What does the underlined phrase “stuffed with” mean in Paragraph 1
A．Filled with.　　　　 B．Decorated with.
C．Surrounded with. D．Covered with.
解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第一段画线短语后的“feathers or air”和画线短语前的“skin”以及常识可推知，外壳内填充了羽毛或空气。A项“充满”，与画线短语意义相符。故A项正确。
2．What may contribute to the complicated games
A．Teams. B．Interactions.
C．Societies. D．Civilizations.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“But complex games ... in big civilizations”可知，复杂的比赛项目和团队运动往往出现在大的社会文明中，由此可推知，社会文明促成了复杂的体育运动。故D项正确。
3．Who were the major members in a cuju team according to the text
A．Sleepers.
B．The rich young men.
C．Emperors.
D．The professional athletes.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The members were ...also professional kickball players.”可知，蹴鞠的成员通常是来自富裕家庭的年轻男子，由此可知，来自富裕家庭的年轻男子是蹴鞠的主要成员。故B项正确。
4．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about
A．Kickball's popularity.
B．Kickball's development.
C．Kickball's importance.
D．Kickball's characteristics.
解析：D　段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，该段主要讲述了蹴鞠的特征“mercy” “courtesy” “Ten Essentials of Kickball”。故D项正确。
Ⅲ.七选五
__1__ Make a study time and have it at the same time every day.This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.
Allow them to study in blocks of time，such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle.__2__ Ideal (理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.
Never allow your children to study in front of the television，as that will encourage passive activity.__3__
You'll also need to help your kids find the right place to study.After you've set up a good study time for little learners，set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing.
__4__ Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.
__5__ This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions.The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.
A．Pick a place where your children can study properly.
B．Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves.
C．Finally，spend time with your kids when they're studying.
D．Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement，too.
E．Instead，use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.
F．Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.
G．One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了父母亲如何让孩子更好的安排时间，如何更好地学习。
1．G　后文讲到“Make a study time and have it at the same time every day.”制作一个时间表格，并且每天都坚持同一时间完成。故选G。
2．B　从前文“Allow them to study in blocks of time”可知，此处应该为要求他们坚持自己所制定的计划。故选B。
3．E　前文讲到“Never allow your children to study in front of the television”不要让他们在电视机前学习，故此处应该为用看电视作为他们完成作业后的一种奖赏。故选E。
4．A　后文讲到“Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.”有一个桌子和一个舒适的椅子，故此处应该为找一个孩子们能够好好学习的地方。故选A。
5．C　后文讲到“This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions.”帮助他们解决家庭作业的难题，并且也是文章的最后，finally表示最后一点。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Sports should help a man to learn fairness, not only in games but also in and for life.If two teams play 1.________ game, one team must lose.If a dozen teams attend an athletic competition，2.________ team will get the most points and all the 3.________ eleven teams will get 4.________ points.If a school team comes out last, that is no loss of face.5.________ that team and that school must do is admit that it 6.________ (lose)．The only intelligent reaction 7.________ defeat must be: next year we will do our best to come out on top, because from now on our team will devote 8.________ (we)to a stricter course of training under competent instructors.
Lessons 9.________ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.But even more 10.________ (value) are the lessons learned in extra-curricular activities in school: in speech, dramatic and musical contests, in “house” activities, and, especially, in the student council.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了体育的意义。
1．a　考查冠词。因为game为单数可数名词，且发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2．one　考查限定词。指其中的一个队。
3．other　考查限定词。指12个队中的另外11个队。
4．fewer　考查形容词的比较级。由语境可知，此处与前文的“the most points”相比较。
5．What　考查主语从句。What在此用作动词 do 的宾语。
6．has lost/lost　考查时态。这个学校的比赛队伍已经输了，是现在完成时，用has lost；也可用一般过去时，填lost。
7．to　考查介词。reaction to sth.为固定短语。
8．ourselves　考查反身代词。devote oneself to 为固定短语，意为“专心……”。
9．learned　考查非谓语动词。 因Lessons与learn 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。
10．valuable　考查形容词。此处为倒装句，valuable为表语，主语是the lessons。
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课时规范训练(五)
本部分内容讲解结束
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Section Ⅱ　LESSON 2 RULES OF THE GAME & LESSON 3 RUNNING AND FITNESS
语篇研析·教材精读
Ⅰ.重点单词
(一)选用下面的单词并用其适当形式填空
defence；announcement；audience；prohibit；annual；relieve；strengthen；awkward；membership；capable；prevent；amount；achievable
词
汇
预
习
1．The market has shown ______ growth of 20 percent for several years.
2．Students prefer to rely on peers to _______ stress and anxiety.
3．His application for ___________of the organization was refused.
4．The immune system is our main _______ against disease.
5．No formal ____________ had been made.
6．The kitchen is _______ of meeting several hundred people.
7．This computer can deal with large _______ of data.
annual
relieve
membership
defence
announcement
capable
amounts
(二)写出下列词汇的派生词
1．announce vt.宣布，宣告→____________ n．通告，公告
2．disappoint vt.使失望→disappointed adj.感到失望的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→______________ n．失望；扫兴；沮丧
3．strong adj.强大的，强壮的，强有力的→strength n．力气，力量；强项→__________ vi.& vt.(使)强健，加强
4．_______ n．好处，益处 vi.有益于，得益于→beneficial adj.有益的
5．equip vt.装备→_________ n．设备，装备
announcement
disappointment
strengthen
benefit
equipment
6．achieve vt.完成，达到，实现→__________ adj.可完成的；做得成的→achievement n．成就；功绩
7．satisfy vt.使满意，使满足→satisfied adj.满意的，满足的→satisfying adj.令人满意的→____________ n．满足，满意
8．______ vt.使用，占用，占去(时间)；占领；占据→occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的→occupation n．工作；职业；侵占
achievable
satisfaction
occupy
Ⅱ.重点短语
根据中文提示填空
1．The larger firm ______________ providing a better range of services.(有能力做)
2．He looked in the bathroom to _________ that he was alone.(确保)
3．The whole meal was good but the wine _____________ was excellent.(尤其)
4．But if you _______，I'd consider coming to the show.(报名)
5．_______ I forget，please remind me of my promise.(以防万一)
6．They __________ with the politicians and want to vote them out of office.(厌烦的)
was capable of
make sure
in particular
sign up
In case
are fed up
Step 1 Fast reading
速读教材课文“RUNNING AND FITNESS”，选择最佳答案
1．Why long-distance running is a great sport for beginners
A．Because you do not need any special equipment.
B．Because you do not need to be a member of a gym.
C．Because you only need a good pair of shoes for it.
D．All the above.
教
材
精
读
2．If you are in low spirit，you can cheer yourself up by______．
A．relieving aches
B．relieving tension
C．long-distance running
D．strengthening your immune system
3．To avoid hurting yourself，you must________．
A．warm up and cool down before and after running
B．jog slowing before running
C．relax your body before running
D．cheer yourself up before running
4．Where can the article come from
A．A textbook.　　　　　 B．A website.
C．An advertisement. D．A guide book.
答案：1－4　DCAB
Step 2 Careful reading
细读教材课文“RUNNING AND FITNESS”，判断正误
1．Any exercise has a lot of benefits.(　　)
2．Long-distance running is a good way to know yourself.(　　)
3．Colds are serious illnesses and can lead to serious health problem.
(　　)
4．Aches and tension can provide relief for stress.(　　)
5．Although you are a new runner，you do not need to warm yourself up.(　　)
答案：1－5　FTFFF
Step 3 Post reading
根据教材课文“RUNNING AND FITNESS”，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1.__ particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you needn't be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 2._________(equip)．It is a good way 3._______(know)yourself and understand 4.____ you are capable of.
In
equipment
to know
what
Running can help you be 5._______(health)and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and also can make your heart 6.________(strong)．It also can strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of 7._______(get)health problems.Long running can cheer you 8.__ and make you 9._______ (relief) from any aches or tension because of stress.
If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running to avoid 10._______(hurt)yourself.After a big run，you should not stop immediately.
healthy
stronger
getting
up
relieve
hurting
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Winter-swimming has become popular in Beijing.Three years ago，few people would go swimming in the icy waters.But now there is a Winter-swimming Enthusiasts' Club (冬泳爱好者协会) and it has more than 2，000 members.The oldest is 84 years of age and the youngest is only 7.The members are from all ways of life.They may be workers，peasants，soldiers，teachers，students ...
Though it is now the coldest part of the season and the water temperature in the city's lakes is around 0 °C，many winter-swimmers still swim in the icy waters，even when it is snowing.They enjoy themselves in the lake，while the people by the side of the lake are wearing heavy clothes.
Why are so many people interested in winter-swimming Because winter-swimming can be good for one's health.
Bei Sha is a good example.He is 69 years old，and he once suffered from heart trouble for 26 years.After ten years of winter-swimming he is now in good health.Scientists are now studying the effects of winter-swimming on health.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京人流行冬泳的现象，并分析了其原因。
1．Among the winter-swimmers，how many years older is the oldest man than the youngest one
A．91.　　　　　　　 B．84.
C．77. D．7.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第三句“The oldest is 84 years of age and the youngest is only 7.”可推知答案为C。
2．What does the underlined “The members are from all ways of life” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．The members do different jobs at different places.
B．They come from all parts of Beijing.
C．They are persons of different ages.
D．They are men and women，old and young.
解析：A　句意理解题。根据其下文“They may be workers，peasants，soldiers，teachers，students ...”可推知此题答案为A。
3．Why has winter-swimming become popular in Beijing
A．Because more and more people like to swim in winter.
B．Because it is more interesting than swimming in summer.
C．Because winter-swimmers are brave men.
D．Because winter-swimming does a lot of good to one's health.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“Because winter-swimming can be good for one's health.”可推知此题答案为D。
4．Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A．People in Beijing Like Swimming in Winter
B．Winter-swimming—A Craze(狂热) in Beijing
C．People Benefit from Winter-swimming
D．Winter-swimmers Are Brave Men
解析：B　标题归纳题。根据文章第一句“Winter-swimming has become popular in Beijing.”及全文内容可推知此题答案为B。
Ⅱ.七选五
It's hard when a best friend isn't around—maybe because he or she moved to a different school or a different class.__1__ You want to have new friends，but how do you make？Maybe it seems that everybody else already has his or her friends.__2__ Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you'd like to play with at break.Look for chances to say hi to them，smile，and be friendly.__3__ Invite someone to play with you or say ‘Do you want to sit here？’ in the lunchroom.When you're at break，walk over to kids you want to play with，act friendly，and say “Hi，can I play，too？” or just join in.
If you have trouble doing this or if you're feeling shy，ask your teacher to help you make new friends.Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends.__4__ Be kind，be friendly，share，say nice things，offer to help—and pretty soon，you'll have one，or two，or even more new friends.
__5__ But when you see each other，you can share something you didn't have before he or she left.You can introduce him or her to your new friends!
A．The best way to make friends is to be a friend.
B．What's right for me
C．But remember，there's always room for more friends.
D．You might still miss that special best friend.
E．Offer to share something or offer greetings.
F．You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime.
G．Make a choice in your life.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了当朋友不在身边，自己感到孤独时，应该如何结交新朋友。
1．F　根据上句“maybe because he or she moved to a different school or a different class”可推断，下文应接着谈到你在课间或午饭时间因为没有朋友的陪伴很孤独。故选F。
2．C　上文“Maybe it seems that everybody else already has his or her friends”谈到每个人好像都有了自己的朋友，下文又讲了如何结交新朋友，故可推测空处讲有朋友的人还可以结交更多的朋友。并且选项C中的“there's always room for more friends”可以引出下文交朋友的话题。故选C。
3．E　空处前后都是关于如何交朋友的内容，所以，空处应是建议如何交朋友。选项E (可以通过分享和问候的方式)符合场景。故选E。
4．A　根据下文内容“Be kind，be friendly，share，say nice things，offer to help—and pretty soon，you'll have one，or two，or even more new friends.”可知，这里应讲交朋友的技巧和方法。选项A (交朋友最好的方式是变成一个朋友)符合场景。故选A。
5．D　由下文“But when you see each other，you can share something you didn't have before he or she left.”中的“before he or she left”可知，空处应该有一个指代朋友的单数名词。选项D中的“that special best friend”符合语境。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
When I left for the United States to study，I had butterflies in my stomach.I was nervous because I was going to 1.________ new place with new people and new customs.I couldn't even understand 2.________ (they) language.Everything was different 3.________ my own country.There was nobody that I could talk to.I just had my husband，4.________ was a new person for me，too.
It was a sad moment when I had to say goodbye to my family and friends.I didn't want 5.________ (leave) my hometown because I grew up there and had wonderful 6.________ (memory) of the place.So，7.________(think) about all these changes made me nervous and I was 8.________ (worry) about my new life.But studying abroad was a 9.________(decide) that I made myself.I had to continue and accept the challenge.I looked forward to 10.________ (visit) my family in the summer vacation.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了初到美国学习的感受和经历。
1．a　考查不定冠词。此处指去一个新地方，表示数量“一”，此处表示泛指，且new的首字母发音为辅音音素，所以应填冠词a。
2．their　考查形容词性物主代词。此处修饰名词language指“他们的语言” ，用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
3．from　考查固定词组。be different from ...“和……不同” ，此处指遇到的一切和自己的国家都不同。故填from。
4．who　考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是husband，指人，引导词在定语从句中做主语，故填who。
5．to leave　考查不定式。want to do “想要做某事”，动词用不定式，故填to leave。
6．memories　考查名词复数。memory是可数名词，此处指极好的记忆用复数，故填memories。
7．thinking　考查动名词作主语。此处是动名词做主语，故填thinking。
8．worried　考查形容词。系动词was后用形容词作表语，be worried about担心。故填worried。
9．decision　考查名词。冠词修饰名词，故此处使用decide的名词形式，其名词形式为decision。故填decision。
10．visiting　考查动词的固定结构。look forward to中的to是介词，后面加动词的-ing形式，故填visiting。
知识探究·讲练互动
1.(教材原句)to strengthen one's immune system增强某人的免疫系统
strengthen vi.& vt.(使)强健
【语境体验】
①Every day of sunshine strengthens the feelings of happiness.
每天晒太阳让人倍感幸福。
②Not only can practicing Taichi build up one's strength，but also develop one's character.
练太极不仅能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。
③To make members of a team do better，the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.
为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。
(1)strength n．力量；力气；长处；优势；强度
have the strength to do sth. 有力量/意志做某事
build up one's strength 增强体力
strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势
with all one's strength 用全力
(2)strong adj. 坚强的；强壮的；强烈的
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①One idea is that sleep helps us __________ (strong) new memories.
②There is ______ (strength) evidence of a link between regular exercise and a healthy body.
strengthen
strong
2．(教材原句)to cheer one up
使某人高兴起来
cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来
【语境体验】
①A thousand supporters packed into the stadium to cheer them on.
1000名支持者挤进体育馆里为他们加油。
②Accompanied by cheerful music，we began to dance.
我们伴随着欢乐的乐曲跳起舞来。
③Debbie greeted her cheerfully，and they got down to business.
黛比愉快地跟她打了个招呼，便开始谈正事了。
(1)cheer sb.up　使某人振作起来
be cheered by ... 被……鼓舞
(2)burst into cheers 欢呼起来
(3)cheerful adj. (指人)高兴的；快乐的
cheerfully adv. 欢快地；愉悦地
cheering adj. (指物)令人高兴的
归纳 拓展
学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Cheer Mary __ and things will work out for the best.
②The crowd ___________ (cheer) by the news and cheered up.
③The results of the test were ________ (cheer)．
④She could hear him singing ___________(cheer)in the garden.
up
was cheered
cheering
cheerfully
3．(教材原句)I'm a bit fed up with getting sick all the time.
我一直有点厌烦生病。
be fed up with厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的
【语境体验】
①After working in the business world for a while，Lowe got fed up.
在商界工作了一段时间后，洛伊受够了。
②I'm really fed up with this constant rain.
我真的对这连绵不断的雨无法再忍受了。
③Bats fly at night and feed on insects and fruit.
蝙蝠在夜间飞行，以昆虫和水果为食。
feed on sth.＝live on sth.　以……为食
feed ...with sth. 用某物喂……
feed sth.to ... 用某物喂养……
be fed up with＝be tired of 厌烦……
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Owls feed __ mice and other small animals.
②I'm fed up ____ your complaints.
on
with
4．(教材原句)As people often say，any exercise is better than none，but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
正如人们常说的，任何运动都比没有运动好，但长跑尤其有很多好处。
benefit n．好处，益处
【语境体验】
①China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.
为了全体公民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医疗机构的改革。
②It really benefited me a great deal to preview lessons，get actively involved in class，and review what had been taught after class.
课前预习、课堂上积极参与、课后复习所学知识，让我受益匪浅。
③Keep it in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from/by it.
记住它，逐渐地我们就可以养成这种好的学习习惯并且从中获益。
④From my point of view，our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are very beneficial to us.
我个人看来，图书馆应该购买一些科普类图书和文学类图书，因为它们对我们很有益。
(1)benefit from/by ...　从……中受益；得益于……
benefit sb. 对某人有益
(2)be of (great) benefit to sb. 对某人(非常)有益处
for the benefit of ... 为了……的利益
(3) beneficial adj. 有益的
be beneficial (to ...) ＝ be of (great) benefit to sb. (对……)有益的
归纳 拓展
【语境助记】
I suggest you give up smoking for the benefit of your health.I believe that giving up smoking will be of benefit/be beneficial to you and it will also benefit your family a lot.In other words，your family will benefit from your stopping smoking.Especially heavy smokers will find the experience even more beneficial to them.
我建议你为了你的健康停止吸烟。我相信停止吸烟会对你有益处，而且它也会对你的家人有益。换句话说，你的家人会从你停止吸烟中受益。特别是烟瘾大的人会发现这种体验对他们更有好处。
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①It is __ great benefit to share your feelings with someone you trust，which is also __________ (benefit) to your mental health.
②We benefited greatly ____ this frank talk.
of
beneficial
from
5．(教材原句)It is a great sport for beginners－you do not need a gym membership or any special equipment.
对于初学者来说，这是一项很好的运动，你不需要健身房会员或任何特殊设备。
equipment n．设备，装备
【语境体验】
①My mother bought a useful piece of equipment for the kitchen yesterday.
昨天，妈妈买了一件有用的厨房设备。
②His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.
他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。
③He is equipped with much experience in teaching.
他具有丰富的教学经验。
equip vt.& vi.　　装备；配备
equip ...with ... 用……装备……
be equipped with 装备着……
equip ...for sth./to do sth. 为了……而装备
be well/poorly equipped 设备精良的/较差的
归纳 拓展
【名师点津】　equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式，表示数量时，用piece修饰，a piece of equipment表示“一件设备”。
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Please equip yourself ____ a pencil and a rubber for the exam.
② Owners of restaurants would have to equip them ________ (admit) disabled people.
③This _________ (equip) has saved the lives of a number of new born children.
with
to admit
equipment
6．(教材原句)Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.
即使是三十分钟的跑步也能缓解你因压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。
relief n．减轻，缓解
【语境体验】
①Much to my parents' relief，I was eventually admitted to a key university.
使我父母非常欣慰的是，我最终被一所重点大学录取了。
②The doctor said it was only a slight wound.What a relief!
医生说只是轻伤。谢天谢地！
③Anxiety may be relieved by talking to a friend.
和朋友交谈可以减轻焦虑。
(1)to one's relief　令人感到欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth. 做某事是一种宽慰
with relief 宽慰地
in relief 如释重负；松了口气
(2)relieve v. 解除；(疼痛/问题)减轻，缓解
relieve sb.of ... 解除某人……方面的负担
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Behind me I could hear other girls sigh in ______(relieve)．
②It was _ relief to be able to talk to someone about it.
③He offered to _______ (relief) me of that heavy parcel.
relief
a
relieve
7．(教材原句)Do the right amount.
做正确的量。
amount n．数量，数额
【语境体验】
①A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a huge amount of benefit.
滴水之恩当涌泉相报。
②Large amounts of money have been spent on building the bridge over the months.
数月以来，大量的资金用在了这座桥的建造上。
③Now a great number of college graduates are seeking to get a high-paid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.
如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Amounts of water_________________ (waste) by us in the last few decades.
②The number of smokers，as is reported，___________ (drop) by 17 percent in just one year.
③A great deal of money ___________ (donate) to a university by an ordinary worker，which aroused public attention.
have been wasted
has dropped
was donated
8．(教材原句)Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart，muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.
确保你跑的量正好合适，你的心脏、肌肉和骨骼能够承受而不受伤害。
make sure确保；确定；确信；查明；弄清楚
【语境体验】
①First of all，parents should make sure that their children receive a good school education.
首先，父母应确保他们的孩子接受良好的学校教育。
②You'd better make sure of/about the exact time of the arriving train.
你最好弄清楚火车到达的确切时间。
make sure of/about ...　弄清楚；查明……(一般不跟不定式)
make sure that ... 确信/务必……(从句中，常用一般时代替将来时)
be sure of/about/that ... (主语)有把握/确信……
be sure to do sth. (主语)一定会做某事
for sure (＝for certain) 确定地；无疑地
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①We can't make sure_________ your safety if you act without permission.
②Be sure _______ (come) to my birthday party if you have time.
of/about
to come
9．(教材原句)Audiences are reminded to turn off the phones or put them on silence.
观众们被提醒关闭手机或调成静音。
remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒
【语境体验】
①Passengers are reminded that no smoking is permitted on this train.
旅客们被提醒在本次列车上禁止吸烟。
②This photo album serves as a reminder of the most important moments of my life.
这个影集让我想起生活中最重要的时刻。
(1)remind sb.　　提醒某人
remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做……
remind sb.of sb./sth. 使某人想起……
remind sb.that ... 提醒某人……
(2)reminder n. 引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①The earrings remind me __ my grandma.
②The teacher reminded us ______ (pay)attention to the pronunciation of the new word.
③Please remind me ____ I should bring him a present for his birthday.
④I left a ________ (remind) for myself on the table.
of
to pay
that
reminder
10．(教材原句)The gloves and mouth guards also help，in case anything happens.
以防万一发生什么事，手套和护口器都有帮助。
in case以防万一
【语境体验】
①In case of fire，all exits must be kept clear.
如遇火灾，所有的出口必须保持畅通。
②I took my driving license with me on holiday，in case I wanted to hire a car.
我在度假时随身带着驾照，以防自己想要租车。
③In no case should you leave your post.
你决不能离开岗位。
in case of　如果；假使；万一
in no case 无论如何不；决不(位于句首用倒装)
in case (that) ... 万一；以防……
in any case 无论如何；总之
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话
as is often the case 这是常有的事；情况往往如此
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①In __ case will he turn against his country.
②We'll finish the task in ___ case.
③I like to keep a few envelopes about __ case I need them.
no
any
in
11．(教材原句)Is this where I sign up for the Annual Fun Run
这是我报名参加年度趣味跑的地方吗？
sign up 报名
sign n．符号；标志；手势；征兆，迹象 vt.签署；示意；打手势
【语境体验】
①Can I sign up for this course in advance
我能提前申请上这一课程吗？
②He signed to the student to open the window.
他打手势要学生打开窗户。
③For safety reasons，please sign in when you arrive at the building，and sign out when you leave.
基于安全考虑，请在到达大厦时签到，离开时签退。
(1)sign of/that ...　……的迹象/征兆
traffic signs 交通标志
(2)sign (to sb.) to do sth. 示意(某人)去做某事
sign in/out 签到/退
sign up/on (sb.) 报名；注册；签约雇用(某人)
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign ___ good fortune and wealth.
②The company signed _____ three top models for the fashion show.
③Our monitor signed to us _______ (stop) talking before our headteacher came into the classroom.
of
up/on
to stop
12．(教材原句)I know you've had lots to occupy your time，so you probably didn't have time to watch the football match ...
我知道你有很多事情占据了你的时间，所以你可能没空看足球赛……
occupy vt.占用，占去(时间); 占据
【语境体验】
①He would have attended your birthday party but he had occupied himself with a very important experiment.
他本来想参加你的生日晚会，但是他忙于一个非常重要的实验。
②Problems at work continued to occupy his mind for some time.
工作上的问题在他的脑海中萦绕了一段时间。
③She is fully occupied in looking after three small children.
她完全忙于照料三个小孩。
④He wanted to look for occupation suited to his abilities.
他想找个适合自己才能的职业。
(1)occupy oneself in doing sth.　　忙于(做)某事；专心(做)某事
(2)occupied adj. 已占用的；在使用的；无空闲的
be occupied (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 忙于从事某事
keep sb.occupied 使某人忙碌
(3)occupation n. 职业；占领
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①With the college entrance examination drawing near，I am ________ (occupy) preparing for it.
②Choosing an __________ (occupy) takes time，and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
③She keeps herself ________ (occupy) with volunteer activities.
occupied
occupation
occupied
13．(教材原句)The team really came together tonight and played amazingly.
团队今晚确实很团结，比赛很惊人。
amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地
【语境体验】
①I am writing to invite you to join us in an amazing journey.
我写信邀请你和我们一起进行一次奇妙的旅行。
②We were amazed to learn that she had left school.
得知她辍学了，我们感到很惊讶。
③Hearing my words，the girl looked at me in amazement.
听到我的话，这个女孩惊讶地看着我。
(1)amaze vt.　使吃惊，使惊异
It amazes sb.that ...＝What amazes sb.is that ... 使某人惊讶的是……
(2)amazing adj. 令人吃惊的，令人惊异的
It's amazing that ... 令人惊讶的是……
(3)amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的
be amazed at/with sth. 对某事很吃惊
be amazed to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶
(4)amazement n. 惊讶
to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地；吃惊地
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①You will be _______ (amaze) at the progress we have made.
②Many people are amazed ____ Lunar New Year's Eve is not an official holiday now.
③To my _________ (amaze)，he came first.
amazed
that
amazement
14．(教材原句)My friend suggested I should try long-distance running.
我朋友建议我应该试一下长跑。
【句型剖析】
本句中“should try”是虚拟语气，suggest后面跟名词性从句，名词性从句谓语用should do形式，should可以省略。
【语境体验】
①He insisted that I (should) go with them.
他坚持要我同他们一起去。
②He ordered that it (should) be sent back.
他命令把它送回去。
③The doctor advised/suggested that he (should)not smoke.
医生建议他不要抽烟。
④He requires that I (should) appear.
他要求我出场。
在表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词有人归纳为“一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command)、三个建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四个要求(demand, require, request, ask)”，这类虚拟语气由“should＋动词原形”构成，其中的should在美式英语中通常可以省略。
归纳 拓展
【名师点津】
(1)动词insist后接名词性从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别是：若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。
(2)动词suggest后接名词性从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别也是：若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气，此时suggest通常译为“建议”；若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实，则要用陈述语气，此时的suggest通常译为“表明”“认为”。
【学以致用】　单句语法填空
①Mr Li requests that we ______________ (spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning.
②Your suggestion that the door ________________ (shut) when we leave is reasonable.
③The government insisted that plans ________________ (make) to help those out of work.
(should) spend
(should) be shut
(should) be made
15．(教材原句)It's never too late to start getting into running and exercising ...
开始跑步和锻炼永远不会太迟……
【句型剖析】
句中的“never too late to ...”表示“永远不会太迟”， too前有否定词never或not(即never/not too ...to ...)，或者不定式前有not(即too ...not to do ...)时，这两种形式均表示肯定意义。
【语境体验】
①He is too weak to carry the box.
＝He isn't strong enough to carry the box.
＝He is so weak that he can't carry the box.
他太弱了，搬不动这个箱子。
②It was too hot a day for us to work.
天太热了，我们不能干活。
③They seemed to be too nervous and were too anxious to leave.
他们看起来非常紧张，并且急于离开。
(1)too ...to ...结构，意为“太……而不能……”，too后面跟形容词(或副词)，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。
(2)too ...to ...句式中，若too后接glad，pleased，happy，eager，anxious，willing，ready，easy等表示心情、情绪等的形容词，表示肯定意义，too相当于very。
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】　完成句子
①现在去看足球比赛太晚了；况且天又开始下雨了。
It's __________________the football match now; besides，it's beginning to rain.
②他们还太小，不明白发生了什么事。
They are ________________________ what is going on.
too late to go to
too young to understand
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His speech made a strong impression on the ________(观众)．
2．These people lack all understanding of scientific __________(原则)．
3．It's a ______(缓解)to get out of the office once in a while.
4．The society was looking for a _______(能力强的)research worker.
5．In a strange way，his affair caused our relationship to __________(巩固)．
6．You should work hard，but don't o_____ it and make yourself ill.
audience
principles
relief
capable
strengthen
verdo
7．He's realistic enough to know he's not going to succeed o________．
8．This put them in a very a______ position.
9．This article gives a few key t___．
10．This r______ me of Christmas parties.
vernight
wkward
ips
eminds
Ⅱ.选词填空
in case；sign up；warm up；ought to；cheer up；be fed up with；in particular；be capable of；keep up；make sure
1．The opinion among the world's scientists about the climate is that it is likely to _______ .
2．You should __________that all the windows are shut off in the rain.
3．We suggested that his project be discussed _____________．
4．I ______________ this kind of weather.
5．_________ Our troubles will soon be over.
warm up
make sure
in particular
am fed up with
Cheer up!
6．He _____________ running a mile in four minutes.
7．You ________ put your watch forward ten minutes.
8．_______ she comes back，let me know immediately.
is capable of
ought to
In case
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．We sat on grass and chatted __________ (cheer)．
2．I know he gets fed __ with people who always laugh at him.
3．A half-hour daily walk can be ___________(benefit) to your health.
4．To my_______(relieve)，he realized the importance of study.
5．Don't forget to take your umbrella ___case it rains.
6．The _________(equip)of the laboratory is complete.
7．I signed __ at reception as soon as I got there.
8．I have invited our friends to cheer you ___!
9．It was one of the most _______(amaze)films I've ever seen.
10．There was something about his face that reminded me __ my uncle.
cheerfully
up
beneficial
relief
in
equipment
in
up
amazing
of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我们提醒他们会议已经延期。
_____________________ the meeting had been put off.
2．这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。
The boy is _________________________．
3．两虎相争，必有一伤。
When two tigers fight，___________________．
4．谁最可能因那老妇人之死而获益呢？
Who is most likely to __________________________________
We reminded them that
too young to go to school
one is sure to lose
benefit from the old lady's death
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Did you already sign up ___ the driver's education class
2．The manager is always ________ (occupy) with his work.
3．I was ______ (amaze) at his speed of working.
4．I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ___．
5．I am only too glad _________ (accept) your kind invitation.
6．She was _________ (satisfy) with the result of her efforts.
7．This medicine will _______ (relief) your headache.
for
occupied
amazed
one
to accept
satisfied
relieve
8．Nothing would prevent us from _____ (go) to help them.
9．The box is too heavy for me _______ (lift) it onto the platform.
10．The doctor insisted that he ______________ (operate) on the patient immediately.
going
to lift
should operate
Ⅱ.完形填空
I wrote my first note to my mother and it said，“Hi，Mom! Have a nice day！__1__，Marie！” I was twelve when I wrote it，and I__2__the note into her change purse (零钱包)．My mother worked__3__a cleaner in a clothing factory.I knew that when she bought meals in the dining hall，she had to __4__ changes in her purse.I didn't know that she always kept that note，and carried __5__ with her.
After that，I __6__ folded the small piece of paper into my mother's change purse；she and I left each other secret notes.My mother usually hid her notes in the fridge，under a lamp __7__ beside the TV set.I even found one hidden in my shoe.Gradually，I understood __8__ notes became the records of our days，ideas and wishes.But to my mother and me，they were a life-long communication with each other that __9__ else shared.
On October 20，2018，my mother __10__ after an illness.I stood near her bed，holding her hand.I didn't cry on that day when my mom passed away.A week __11__ I even didn't cry.I was so thankful __12__ she no longer had aches and pains.
Recently，I __13__ a note that my mom left me.It was hidden in the page of my favorite childhood book for years.It __14__ “Dear Marie，I love you always.Miss you a lot don't forget me.Be __15__！ Love，Mom.” That day，I cried.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了妈妈和女儿之间的特殊的交流方式——写纸条，表达了母女之间的深深的感情。
1．A.Respect　　　　　 B．Love
C．Kindness D．Friendship
解析：B　此处是女儿给妈妈写留言纸条，署名一定是Love，×××。respect尊敬；love爱；kindness仁慈，善良；friendship友谊。
2．A.threw B．carried
C．folded D．pushed
解析：C　句意：我把纸条折叠放进她的零钱包。throw扔；carry携带；fold折叠；push推。
3．A.on B．for
C．out D．as
解析：D　work as固定用法，意为“担任……工作”。
4．A.look at B．look for
C．look after D．look up
解析：B　句意：她必须在她的钱包里寻找零钱。look at看；look for寻找；look after照顾，照看；look up查阅，查找。
5．A.them B．that
C．it D．one
解析：C　句意：我不知道她总是保存着那张纸条，并且总是带着它。根据句意可知，应使用人称代词it。
6．A.carefully B．carelessly
C．suddenly D．angrily
解析：A　句意：从那之后，我仔细地把小纸条折叠放进我妈妈的零钱包里。carefully仔细地；carelessly粗心地；suddenly突然地；angrily生气地。
7．A.still B．but
C．or D．yet
解析：C　句意：我妈妈通常把她的纸条藏进冰箱里、灯下或者电视机旁。still仍然，仍旧；but但是；or或者；yet还。
8．A.their B．my
C．her D．our
解析：D　句意：逐渐地我明白了我们的纸条变成了我们日常生活、想法和愿望的记录。their他们的；my我的；her她的；our我们的。
9．A.anybody B．nobody
C．somebody D．everybody
解析：B　句意：但是，对我和我的妈妈来说，它是一个没有其他人能分享彼此终生的交流。anybody任何人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；everybody每人，人人。
10．A.lived B．cried
C．left D．died
解析：D　句意：在2018年10月20日，我妈妈在一场病之后去世了。live生活，居住；cry哭，大喊；leave离开；die死亡。
11．A.late B．later
C．latest D．lately
解析：B　a week later意为“一周之后”。
12．A.when B．that
C．because D．although
解析：B　句意：我很感激母亲不再受疼痛的折磨。when当……的时候；that引导词，无实义；because因为；although虽然，尽管。根据句意并结合词义可知，答案选B。
13．A.found B．lost
C．wrote D．hid
解析：A　句意：近来，我找到了一张我妈妈留给我的纸条。find找到；lose丢失；write写；hide藏。
14．A.reads B．read
C．reading D．has read
解析：B　根据纸条的书写时间，应为一般过去时。
15．A.excited B．perfect
C．happy D．sad
解析：C　Be happy！意为“要快乐！”。这是妈妈对孩子的祝福和要求。excited兴奋的；perfect完美的；happy快乐的；sad伤心的。
Ⅲ.语法填空
It was getting dark when I got home.It was cold and I 1.________ (wear) a coat.I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket 2.________ (take) out my key 3.________ I couldn't find it.I suddenly remembered that I 4.________ (leave) it on my desk in the office.It really didn't make any difference.I knew my wife 5.________ (be) at home and the children must have come back from school by now，so I 6.________ (knock) at the door.
There was no answer，so I knocked again.I continued knocking at the door for some time.I 7.________ (get) angry.Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon.He said that my wife 8.________ (phone) saying that she 9.________ (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.
There was only one thing for me to do: I had to climb in 10.________ a window.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了我到家门口发现没带钥匙，最后爬窗户进去的一件小事。
1．was wearing　考查过去进行时和主谓一致。结合语境可知，天气很冷，我正穿着一件大衣。主语为单数，全文基调为过去时，故用过去进行时。故填was wearing。
2．to take　考查不定式表目的。put my hand的目的是take out my key，to表目的。故填to take。
3．but　考查连词。结合语境，前后文具有明显的转折含义。故填but。
4．had left　考查过去完成时。结合语境可知，我把钥匙落在桌上为过去的过去，且对过去造成影响。leave的过去式为left。故填had left。
5．was　考查一般过去时和主谓一致。根据全文基调，此处应填过去式，my wife为单数，is的过去式为was。故填was。
6．knocked　考查一般过去时。结合语境及全文基调可知，此处填一般过去式，knock的过去式为knocked。故填knocked。
7．got　考查一般过去时。结合语境及全文基调可知，此处填一般过去式，get的过去式为got。故填got。
8．had phoned　考查过去完成时。He said为过去时，而我的妻子打电话在这之前，且对过去产生影响。故填had phoned。
9．would go　考查过去将来时。结合语境可知，妻子说她将要去购物，又因基调为过去时，故此处使用过去将来时。故填would go。
10．through　考查介词。through有从内部穿过的意思。故填through。
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