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题型过关第1讲 语法填空
一、通读全文，把握语境（1-2分钟）
忽略空格，快速扫读
理解文章主旨（如“日常活动”“科普知识”）和时态基调（一般现在时/过去时/将来时），标记重复出现的核心词（如“school, teacher, student”提示校园主题）。
预判空格处语法功能（如“动词时态”“名词单复数”“介词搭配”）。
示例：若文章讲“昨天的运动会”，动词需用过去式，名词可能涉及复数（如“two runners”）。
二、分类型突破空格（5-7分钟）
语法填空分“有提示词”（给出动词、名词、形容词等）和“无提示词”（通常填冠词、介词、连词、代词等）两类，需针对性处理：
（一）有提示词：词形变化是核心（占比60%-70%）
提示词为动词（最高频考点）
确定时态/语态：
根据上下文时间词（yesterday, often, next week）或动词搭配（如“see sb. do sth.”）判断时态；
被动语态（be+过去分词）：如“Rice ______ (grow) in the south.” → 主语“rice”是动作承受者，填“is grown”。
非谓语动词：
介词后用-ing（如“be interested in ______ (read)” → “reading”）；
固定搭配（如“want to do”“let sb. do”“make sb. adj.”）。
例：“He decided ______ (go) to Beijing.” → “to go”（decide to do）。
提示词为名词
单复数变化：根据空前的数词（one, two）、冠词（a/an/the）或上下文（如“many students”）判断；
例：“There are two ______ (child) in the room.” → “children”（复数）。
名词所有格：表示“……的”，如“Tom’s book”（汤姆的书），“teachers’ office”（老师们的办公室）。
提示词为形容词/副词
词性转换：形容词修饰名词（“a ______ (beauty) girl” → “beautiful”），副词修饰动词/形容词（“run ______ (quick)” → “quickly”）。
比较级/最高级：根据句中“than”或范围词（如“in the class”）判断，如“better”“the best”。
提示词为代词
人称代词（主格/宾格）：“I”（主格）→ “me”（宾格），“she”→“her”；
物主代词：“my”（我的）→ “mine”（名词性物主代词，如“This book is mine”）；
反身代词：“by oneself”（独自），如“He did it by ______ (he)” → “himself”。
（二）无提示词：固定搭配与逻辑关系（占比30%-40%）
填冠词（a/an/the）
泛指用a/an：辅音音素开头用“a”（a book），元音音素开头用“an”（an apple）；
特指用the：上文提到过的人/物（“I have a cat. The cat is black.”），或独一无二的事物（the sun, the Great Wall）。
填介词
固定搭配：如“at 7:00”“in the morning”“on Monday”“by bus”“be good at”“listen to”；
上下文逻辑：如“go ______ school” → “to”（go to school），“interested ______ English” → “in”。
填连词
并列连词：and（并列）、but（转折）、or（选择）、so（因果）；
例：“I like coffee, ______ my sister likes tea.” → “but”（转折）。
从属连词：引导从句（如“because”“if”“when”），如“I was happy ______ I passed the exam.” → “because”（因果）。
填代词（it/this/that/they等）
指代上文内容：如“Tom has a dog. ______ is very cute.” → “It”（指代dog）；
形式主语/宾语：如“It’s easy ______ (learn) English.” → “to learn”（it作形式主语）。
三、验证与查漏（2-3分钟）
通读全文，检查语法一致性
时态统一：确保全文时态不冲突（如过去时中所有动词均用过去式，除非有特殊时间提示）；
主谓一致：第三人称单数（如“He ______ (like) apples.” → “likes”）；
固定搭配：介词、连词是否符合习惯用法（如“arrive at”接小地点，“arrive in”接大地点）。
高频错误自查清单
动词时态错误（如“yesterday”对应“go”→“went”，而非“go”）；
名词单复数遗漏（如“three pen”→“three pens”）；
冠词混淆（如“an university”→“a university”，因“university”以辅音音素开头）；
介词搭配错误（如“interested on”→“interested in”）。
四、备考建议
专项训练“词形变化”：每天练习10道动词时态/非谓语、名词复数、形容词副词转换题，形成条件反射。
整理“固定搭配表”：按“动词+介词”（look for, take off）、“介词+名词”（in time, on duty）分类背诵，高频考点如“be good at, be interested in, make friends with”。
真题复盘：分析错题时标注错误类型（如“时态错误”“介词错误”），针对性补弱（如集中复习过去分词变化）。
总结口诀
“通读全文定时态，有提示词变词形；动词注意谓与非，名词单复和所有；形容副词看搭配，无提示词考冠介；连词代词上下文，验证语法要细心。”
一、短文填空
阅读短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m a student in a middle school. 1 (we) school is on Huangzhou Street. It is only about half an 2 (hour) walk from my home. And when I ride my bike, it only takes me ten minutes 3 (get) there. So I don’t have to get up too early. And I can go back home for lunch every day. Every morning, I ride along Xinhua Road and take the 4 (two) turning on the left into Changhang Street. Sometimes when it rains, I take a bus to school. I get 5 (介词) at the bus stop just on Xinhua Street. The bus stop is next to the school. There 6 (be) a big bookstore on the right of the school. That’s my favourite place because I love 7 (read) books there.
It’s good to live near 8 (冠词) school. 9 (连词) there is a problem. There are usually too many cars in the street. So we must wait for a long time at the traffic lights. And we must be careful when we 10 (cross) the street.
【答案】
1．Our 2．hour’s 3．to get 4．second 5．off 6．is 7．reading 8．the 9．But 10．cross
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者学校的地理位置。
1．句意：我们的学校在黄州街上。修饰名词school，用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Our。
2．句意：从我家步行到学校只有半小时。an后跟名词单数，且修饰名词walk，用名词单数的所有格形式hour’s。故填hour’s。
3．句意：当我骑自行车时，只需要十分钟就能到那里。it takes sb time to do sth“做某事花费某人多少时间”，固定句型，空处用不定式形式。故填to get。
4．句意：每天早上，我沿着新华路骑行，在第二个路口左转进入长航街。根据“the ... turning”可知，此处用序数词second表示“第二个”路口。故填second。
5．句意：我在新华街的公交车站下车。get off“下车”，固定短语。故填off。
6．句意：学校右边有一个大书店。本文主体时态为一般现在时，主语a big bookstore为三单，be用is。故填is。
7．句意：那是我最喜欢的地方，因为我喜欢在那里看书。love doing sth“喜欢做某事”，空处用动名词。故填reading。
8．句意：住在学校附近是很好的。此处是特指作者的学校，用定冠词the。故填the。
9．句意：但是有一个问题。空前后句是转折关系，用but连接，句首单词首字母大写。故填But。
10．句意：当我们过马路时，我们必须小心。本文主体时态为一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形。故填cross。
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Hello! Welcome 11 my school! 12 (it) name is English Star School. It’s not a big school, 13 it is really nice. Let 14 (I) tell you something about my classroom.
Look! There 15 (be) a lot of desks and 16 (chair) in the classroom. The number 17 the desks is 21. The number of the chairs is 20. The small desks are for the 18 (student). The big desk is for the teachers.
There are two bookcases (书柜) 19 the front of the classroom. You can 20 (see) a lot of books and magazines in the bookcases. The books and magazines are for all the students.
【答案】
11．to 12．Its 13．but 14．me 15．are 16．chairs 17．of 18．students 19．in 20．see
【导语】本文介绍了作者的学校及其教室的布局和设施。
11．句意：欢迎来到我的学校！welcome to“欢迎来到”，固定短语。故填to。
12．句意：它的名字是英国明星学校。此处修饰名词name，应该用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词为its。故填Its。
13．句意：这不是一所大学校，但它真的很好。根据“It’s not a big school, ... it is really nice.”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
14．句意：让我告诉你一些关于我的教室的事情。此处作动词Let的宾语，应该用宾格me。故填me。
15．句意：教室里有很多桌椅。此句为there be句型，遵循“就近原则”，“a lot of desks”是复数，be动词用are。故填are。
16．句意：教室里有很多桌椅。根据“There ... a lot of desks and ... in the classroom.”可知，此处名词用复数。故填chairs。
17．句意：桌子的数量是21。根据“The number ... the desks is 21.”可知，此处指的是桌子的数量，the number of“……的数量”。故填of。
18．句意：这些小桌子是给学生用的。根据“The small desks are for the”可知，此处名词用复数。故填students。
19．句意：教室前面有两个书架。in front of“在……的前面”，固定短语。故填in。
20．句意：你可以在书架上看到很多书和杂志。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填see。
I am Zhu Xiaomeng. My 21 (one) day in junior high was very interesting. When I came to school, some teachers 22 (show) me around our school. There 23 (be) beautiful buildings everywhere in the school. I really like them.
I have some 24 (hobby) like running, playing football and swimming. I 25 (go) to Dalian with my parents this summer holiday. We also swam in 26 (冠词) sea. My family 27 (enjoy) it a lot. I will always remember this great trip.
I am also a 28 (help) girl. Helping others can bring me joy. I like to help people 29 (介词) their difficulties. Sometimes I feel nervous, 30 (连词）now I am so excited to meet new teachers and classmates. I hope to make friends with you all.
【答案】
21．first 22．showed 23．are 24．hobbies 25．went 26．the 27．enjoyed 28．helpful 29．with 30．but
【导语】本文主要介绍了朱晓萌在初中第一天的经历、她的爱好、以及与家人一起度过的愉快的暑假。同时还介绍了她乐于助人、喜欢帮助他人解决困难的性格特点，以及对未来与新老师和同学建立友谊的期待。
21．句意：我在初中的第一天很有趣。one“一”。根据“My...day in junior high was very interesting.”可知，此处应用序数词，即first。故填first。
22．句意：当我来到学校时，一些老师带我参观了我们的学校。show“展示”。根据“came”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故此处应用show的过去式。故填showed。
23．句意：学校里到处都是漂亮的建筑。be“是”。结合语境和“like”可知，此处应用一般现在时，表客观事实，根据“beautiful buildings”可知，此处应用are。故填are。
24．句意：我有一些爱好，如跑步、踢足球和游泳。hobby“爱好”。根据“some”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填hobbies。
25．句意：这个暑假我和父母去了大连。go“去”。根据“We also swam”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填went。
26．句意：我们还在海里游泳。in the sea“在海里”。故填the。
27．句意：我的家人非常喜欢它。enjoy“喜欢”。结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填enjoyed。
28．句意：我也是一个乐于助人的女孩。help“帮助”。根据“girl”可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词，即helpful“乐于助人的”。故填helpful。
29．句意：我喜欢帮助有困难的人。help sb with sth“在某方面帮助某人”。故填with。
30．句意：有时我感到紧张，但是现在我很高兴见到新的老师和同学。空格前后句为转折关系，故此处应用but“但是”。故填but。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Welcome to our school. Let me 31 (show) you around. We have three teaching buildings, two computer rooms and a library. Our playground is very big. Our classroom is on the 32 (two) floor. The first lesson usually 33 (start) at a quarter past eight and we have seven lessons every day. We usually do morning exercises on the playground to keep fit. Also, we have many clubs and all kinds of 34 (match) every week. Many of us join the Drawing Club because we are 35 (interest) in drawing. Look! The man in a white shirt is my favourite teacher, Mr. Wu. He teaches 36 (we) Maths and he is popular among students. 37 (I) friend with me often studies in groups. After school, we enjoy 38 (chat) with each other. Everyone 39 (enjoy) the endless happiness at school. We 40 (not be) just classmates. We are a big family.
【答案】
31．show 32．second 33．starts 34．matches 35．interested 36．us 37．My 38．chatting 39．enjoys 40．aren’t
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学校的设施、课程安排、课外活动以及师生关系，展现了校园生活的丰富多彩。
31．句意：让我带你参观我们的学校。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，空处填动词原形。show“带领”，动词。故填show。
32．句意：我们的教室在二楼。表示楼层需用序数词。two“二”，基数词，序数词为second“第二”。故填second。
33．句意：第一节课通常在8:15开始且我们每天有七节课。根据“usually ”可知，此句时态为一般现在时，主语“The first lesson”为单数，空处填动词三单形式作谓语。start“开始”，动词，三单形式为starts。故填starts。
34．句意：此外，我们每周有许多俱乐部和各种比赛。match“比赛”，可数名词，位于“all kinds of”，填可数名词复数的matches，作宾语。故填matches。
35．句意：我们很多人加入绘画俱乐部，因为我们对绘画感兴趣。空处位于“are”后，修饰人，填形容词作表语。interest“使感兴趣”，动词，修饰人的形容词为interested“感兴趣的”。be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。
36．句意：他教我们数学，且他在学生中很受欢迎。we“我们”，代词主格。空处位于动词“teaches”后，填宾语的us，作宾语。故填us。
37．句意：我的朋友经常和我一起小组学习。I“我”，代词主格。空格后为名词“friend”，需用形容词性物主代词my“我的”修饰，位于句首，首字母大写。故填My。
38．句意：放学后，我们喜欢互相聊天。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，空处填动名词。chat“聊天”，动词，动名词为chatting。故填chatting。
39．句意：每个人都在学校享受无尽的快乐。描述事实用一般现在时，主语为“Everyone”，空处填动词三单形式作谓语。enjoy“享受”，动词，三单形式为enjoys。故填enjoys。
40．句意：我们不仅仅是同学。描述事实用一般现在时。主语“We”为复数，be动词用are，否定形式为are not，缩写为aren’t。故填aren’t。
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Hello, I’m Helen. How are you I’m happy 41 (introduce) myself. I am 42 Class 3, Grade 7. There are forty 43 (student) in my class. Mike Brown is 44 (I) classmate. He is from America. He is a kind 45 helpful boy. He is ready to help others. I like basketball, but he likes 46 (swim). My favourite colour is white. Mike 47 (like) white, too. Mr Zhou is 48 English teacher in our school. He is very nice to the students. He is always the 49 (one) to come to school. We like him very much. Let’s 50 (play) table tennis with Mr Zhou after school.
【答案】
41．to introduce 42．in 43．students 44．my 45．and 46．swimming 47．likes 48．an 49．first 50．play
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了Helen的个人情况、同学Mike以及他们的英语老师Mr Zhou。
41．句意：我很高兴介绍我自己。“be happy to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“高兴做某事”，所以用动词不定式。故填to introduce。
42．句意：我在七年级三班。表示“在……班级”用介词“in”。故填in。
43．句意：我的班级有四十名学生。“forty”后接可数名词复数，“student”的复数是“students”。故填students。
44．句意：迈克 布朗是我的同学。修饰名词“classmate”要用形容词性物主代词，“I”的形容词性物主代词是“my”。故填my。
45．句意：他是一个善良且乐于助人的男孩。“kind”和“helpful”是并列关系，用连词“and”连接。故填and。
46．句意：我喜欢篮球，但他喜欢游泳。“like doing sth.”是固定用法，意为“喜欢做某事”，所以用动名词。故填swimming。
47．句意：迈克也喜欢白色。主语“Mike”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中，动词用第三人称单数形式，“like”的第三人称单数是“likes”。故填likes。
48．句意：周老师是我们学校的一位英语老师。“English”是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用“an”。故填an。
49．句意：他总是第一个来学校。“the first to do sth.”表示“第一个做某事”，用序数词，“one”的序数词是“first”。故填first。
50．句意：让我们放学后和周老师打乒乓球吧。“let’s do sth.”是固定用法，意为“让我们做某事”，用动词原形。故填play。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi! 51 (I) name is Leo. I’m 52 12-year-old boy from New York. My school 53 (begin) at 8:30 am. I often say “Hello!” or “Good morning!” 54 my friends. My first class is maths. Mr. Smith, my maths teacher, always greets 55 (we) with “Good morning, class!”
At noon, I have lunch with my friends 56 the dining hall (食堂). We greet each other with “hi” or “hello” when we meet. Then we talk about TV shows or school news (新闻).
In the afternoon, I have PE, English 57 Chinese. PE is my favourite! Mr. Robinson, my PE teacher, 58 (be) full of energy (充满活力). He always says, “Everyone in our class needs 59 (do) sports every day to keep healthy.”
School finishes at 5:30 pm. After school, I have sports training (训练). I usually play basketball with my 60 (classmate). I think it is very important to do sports every day.
【答案】
51．My 52．a 53．begins 54．to 55．us 56．in 57．and 58．is 59．to do 60．classmates
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，Leo介绍了自己一天的学校生活，包括日常问候、课程安排、午餐交流及放学后的篮球训练等。
51．句意：我的名字是Leo。根据“...name”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“name”，“I我”的形容词性物主代词为“my”，句首首字母大写，故填My。
52．句意：我是一个来自纽约的12岁男孩。根据“...12-year-old boy”可知，此处表示“一个 12 岁的男孩”，“12-year-old”以辅音音素/tw/开头，需用不定冠词“a”修饰单数可数名词“boy”，故填a。
53．句意：我的学校早上8点半开始上课。全文介绍日常，时态为一般现在时，主语“My school”是单数第三人称，谓语动词“begin开始”需用单数第三人称形式“begins”，故填begins。
54．句意：我经常对我的朋友们说 “你好！”或“早上好！”。根据“say ‘Hello!’ or ‘Good morning!’...my friends”可知，此处为固定搭配“say sth. to sb.”，意为“对某人说某事”，故填to。
55．句意：我的数学老师史密斯先生总是用“早上好，同学们！”向我们打招呼。根据“greets...”可知，“greet”是及物动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语，“we我们”的宾格为“us”，故填us。
56．句意：中午，我和朋友们在食堂吃午饭。根据“...the dining hall”可知，此处表示“在食堂里”，需用介词“in”表示“在……内部”，故填in。
57．句意：下午，我有体育课、英语课和语文课。根据“PE, English...Chinese”可知，此处列举三门课程，表并列关系，需用连词“and”连接，故填and。
58．句意：我的体育老师罗宾逊先生充满活力。全文时态是一般现在时，主语“Mr. Robinson”是单数第三人称，be动词需用“is”，故填is。
59．句意：他总是说：“我们班的每个人每天都需要做运动来保持健康。”根据“needs...sports”可知，此处“needs”为实义动词，“need to do”意为“需要做某事”，故填to do。
60．句意：我通常和我的同学们一起打篮球。根据“my...”可知，“classmate”是可数名词，此处泛指“同学们”，需用复数形式“classmates”，故填classmates。
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Boys and girls, my name is David. Now I would like 61 (introduce) my school to you.
My school is in the south-east of our city. There are 62 (end) interesting things here. Our school often holds lots of activities 63 many of them are interesting. I like football 64 (match) best and often play with my friends 65 the weekend.
I have many hobbies. For example, I often spend time 66 (paint). My works are 67 (real) wonderful! I hope to be 68 excellent (极好的) master of Chinese flower-and-bird painting in the future. My dream is 69 (design) something beautiful.
Each of us 70 (be) very happy here. I believe we can live a colourful life here.
【答案】
61．to introduce 62．endless 63．and 64．matches 65．on/at 66．painting 67．really 68．an 69．to design 70．is
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的学校情况及作者的爱好。
61．句意：现在我想向你们介绍我的学校。introduce“介绍”，动词， would like to do sth.为固定搭配，故空处需动词不定式。introduce“介绍”，动词。故填to introduce。
62．句意：这里有数不清的有趣事物。根据句意可知，空处需形容词修饰things，end“结束”为动词，其形容词为endless，意为“无限的”。故填endless。
63．句意：我们学校经常举办许多活动，并且很多都很有趣。前后句为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
64．句意：我最喜欢足球比赛，常和朋友在周末一起踢球。空处表泛指，指多场足球比赛，用复数形式matches。故填matches。
65．句意：我最喜欢足球比赛，常和朋友在周末一起踢球。固定搭配on/at the weekend表示“在周末”。故填on/at。
66．句意：我经常花时间画画。paint“画画”为动词，spend time doing sth.为固定搭配，故空处动词用-ing形式。故填painting。
67．句意：我的作品真的很棒！ real“真的”为形容词，修饰形容词wonderful需用副词really“真地”。故填really。
68．句意：我希望未来成为一名优秀的中国花鸟画大师。 根据“...excellent (极好的) master”可知，空处泛指“一名优秀的中国花鸟画大师”，需不定冠词。excellent是以元音音素开头，需冠词an修饰。故填an。
69．句意：我的梦想是设计美丽的事物。design“设计”为动词，根据“My dream is... (design) something beautiful.”可知，空处表未来计划，需用动词不定式作表语。 故填to design。
70．句意：我们每个人在这里都很开心。Each of us作主语，谓语动词用is。故填is。
根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使短文完整。
I like my new school. My school is big 71 beautiful. Now, let me 72 (tell) you something about my new school life. It’s only my third week at my new school and I love it. Today is Friday—the best day of the week. My first class is music. I’m learning to play 73 piano this year and I love it. I practice every lunch time in the music room because I can’t play it 74 (good) now—I made a terrible noise! Then we have Maths. We do a test every Friday. I’m very good at Maths, so it’s my happy time. After Maths, we have English. The students 75 (be) watching a new film carefully now. The film is really 76 (interest). Outside, on the playground, the football teams are playing football. They are ready for the match 77 Saturday afternoon.
Friday afternoon is great, because we can pick 78 (we) favorite classes and join clubs. This term I’m doing food project. I think 79 (cook) is so amazing! I would like 80 (be) a good cook in the future.
【答案】
71．and 72．tell 73．the 74．well 75．are 76．interesting 77．on 78．our 79．cooking 80．to be
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在新学校的生活，包括课程安排、课外活动以及对烹饪的兴趣。
71．句意：我的学校又大又漂亮。此处连接两个并列形容词“big”和“beautiful”，需用并列连词“and”。故填and。
72．句意：现在，让我告诉你一些关于我的新学校生活的事情。let sb. do sth.为固定搭配，动词用原形。故填tell。
73．句意：今年我正在学习弹钢琴，我很喜欢它。play后接乐器时，乐器前需加定冠词“the”。故填the。
74．句意：我每天午饭时间都在音乐室练习，因为我现在弹得不好——我发出了可怕的噪音！修饰动词“play”需用副词形式“well”。故填well。
75．句意：学生们现在正在认真观看一部新电影。根据“now”可知，句子为现在进行时，主语“students”为复数，be动词用“are”。故填are。
76．句意：这部电影真的很有趣。描述事物特性用形容词“interesting”，表示“令人感兴趣的”。故填interesting。
77．句意：他们正在为周六下午的比赛做准备。具体某一天前用介词“on”。故填on。
78．句意：星期五下午很棒，因为我们可以选择我们最喜欢的课程并加入俱乐部。修饰名词“favorite classes”需用形容词性物主代词“our”。故填our。
79．句意：我认为烹饪太神奇了！动词“cook”在句中作主语，需用动名词形式“cooking”。故填cooking。
80．句意：我未来想成为一名好厨师。would like to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”。故填to be。
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的适当形式。
Dear Han Mei,
How’s everything going I want 81 (be) your pen friend. Now let me introduce (介绍) myself.
My name is Alice Green. My 82 (one) name is Alice. I am 83 American girl. I am twelve years old. I have a big family. I have two 84 (brother). We are all at the same school. But we are 85 different classes. We go to school from Monday to Friday. We don’t have lessons on weekends.
My father 86 mother are teachers. They say 87 (Chinese) is a great country. They also say Chinese people are very friendly. I think Chinese history is very interesting. And my father also 88 (like) Chinese history very much.
I have some hobbies. My brothers and I like playing soccer and basketball. But my 89 (father) favorite sport is tennis. What do you like
Let’s be friends. Please write to 90 (I) soon.
Yours,
Alice
【答案】
81．to be 82．first 83．an 84．brothers 85．in 86．and 87．China 88．likes 89．father’s 90．me
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，爱丽丝写信给韩梅，介绍自己及家人的情况，表达想成为笔友并期待韩梅回信。
81．句意：我想成为你的笔友。根据“want...your pen friend”可知，“want to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，此处需用动词不定式“to be”，故填to be。
82．句意：我的名字是爱丽丝。根据“My name is Alice Green”可知，英文姓名中“Alice”是“名”，“first name”是固定搭配，意为“名”，“one”的序数词形式“first”符合语境，故填first。
83．句意：我是一个美国女孩。根据“American girl”可知，“American”是以元音音素开头的单词，此处需用不定冠词“an”修饰可数名词单数“girl”，泛指“一个”，故填an。
84．句意：我有两个哥哥 / 弟弟。根据“two...”可知，“two”后接可数名词复数形式，“brother”的复数是“brothers”，故填brothers。
85．句意：但我们在不同的班级。根据“...different classes”可知，“在班级里”需用介词“in”，故填in。
86．句意：我的爸爸和妈妈是老师。根据“My father...mother are teachers”可知，“爸爸”和“妈妈”是并列关系，需用连词“and”连接两个并列主语，故填and。
87．句意：他们说中国是一个伟大的国家。根据“...is a great country”可知，此处需用表示“国家”的名词，“Chinese”意为“中国人，中文，中国的”，对应的国家名词是“China”，故填China。
88．句意：而且我爸爸也非常喜欢中国历史。全文时态为一般现在时，主语“my father”是第三人称单数，动词“like”需用第三人称单数形式“likes”，故填likes。
89．句意：但我爸爸最喜欢的运动是网球。根据“favorite sport”可知，此处需用名词所有格修饰“favorite sport”，表示“爸爸的”，“father”的所有格是“father’s”，故填father’s。
90．句意：请尽快给我写信。根据“write to...”可知，“to”是介词，后接人称代词宾格，“I”的宾格形式是“me”，故填me。
根据你所学过的课文内容，用正确的单词填空。
I love my big family. Here’s a photo of 91 (we). I’m the one 92 the pink hat. This is my dad, Fred, on the left. He’s very handsome. He often 93 (play) tennis with me. My little brother, Sam, is 94 his knee. Sam is seven, and he 95 (real) likes chess. My mum, Jane, is on 96 right. She’s beautiful and kind. She always reads me a story at night. My grandparents, Jack 97 Sarah, are in the middle. They’re my 98 (dad) parents. They have 99 dog. His name is Oscar.
My grandparents have three grandchildren: Sam, my cousin Lucy, and me. They often say I’m their favourite grandchild, 100 I think they say the same thing to all of us.
【答案】
91．us 92．with 93．plays 94．on 95．really 96．the 97．and 98．dad’s 99．a 100．but
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者的家庭成员及其特点。
91．句意：这是一张我们的照片。此处作介词“of”的宾语，需用宾格形式，用us。故填us。
92．句意：我是那个戴粉色帽子的人。此处表示伴随，with符合。故填with。
93．句意：他经常和我一起打网球。句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“He”，用三单形式plays。故填plays。
94．句意：我的小弟弟萨姆在他的膝盖上。“on one’s knee”是固定搭配，意为“在某人的膝盖上”。故填on。
95．句意：萨姆七岁了，他真的很喜欢国际象棋。此处修饰动词“likes”，需用副词形式“really”。故填really。
96．句意：我妈妈简在右边。“on the right”是固定短语，意为“在右边”。故填the。
97．句意：我的祖父母杰克和萨拉在中间。“Jack”和“Sarah”是并列关系，需用连词“and”连接。故填and。
98．句意：他们是我爸爸的父母。此处表示所属关系，用’s所有格形式。故填dad’s。
99．句意：他们有一只狗。此处表示泛指的含义，“dog”以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。
100．句意：他们经常说我是他们最喜欢的孙子，但我觉得他们对我们所有人都这么说。根据“They often say I’m their favourite grandchild…I think they say the same thing to all of us.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，but符合。故填but。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第1讲 语法填空
一、通读全文，把握语境（1-2分钟）
忽略空格，快速扫读
理解文章主旨（如“日常活动”“科普知识”）和时态基调（一般现在时/过去时/将来时），标记重复出现的核心词（如“school, teacher, student”提示校园主题）。
预判空格处语法功能（如“动词时态”“名词单复数”“介词搭配”）。
示例：若文章讲“昨天的运动会”，动词需用过去式，名词可能涉及复数（如“two runners”）。
二、分类型突破空格（5-7分钟）
语法填空分“有提示词”（给出动词、名词、形容词等）和“无提示词”（通常填冠词、介词、连词、代词等）两类，需针对性处理：
（一）有提示词：词形变化是核心（占比60%-70%）
提示词为动词（最高频考点）
确定时态/语态：
根据上下文时间词（yesterday, often, next week）或动词搭配（如“see sb. do sth.”）判断时态；
被动语态（be+过去分词）：如“Rice ______ (grow) in the south.” → 主语“rice”是动作承受者，填“is grown”。
非谓语动词：
介词后用-ing（如“be interested in ______ (read)” → “reading”）；
固定搭配（如“want to do”“let sb. do”“make sb. adj.”）。
例：“He decided ______ (go) to Beijing.” → “to go”（decide to do）。
提示词为名词
单复数变化：根据空前的数词（one, two）、冠词（a/an/the）或上下文（如“many students”）判断；
例：“There are two ______ (child) in the room.” → “children”（复数）。
名词所有格：表示“……的”，如“Tom’s book”（汤姆的书），“teachers’ office”（老师们的办公室）。
提示词为形容词/副词
词性转换：形容词修饰名词（“a ______ (beauty) girl” → “beautiful”），副词修饰动词/形容词（“run ______ (quick)” → “quickly”）。
比较级/最高级：根据句中“than”或范围词（如“in the class”）判断，如“better”“the best”。
提示词为代词
人称代词（主格/宾格）：“I”（主格）→ “me”（宾格），“she”→“her”；
物主代词：“my”（我的）→ “mine”（名词性物主代词，如“This book is mine”）；
反身代词：“by oneself”（独自），如“He did it by ______ (he)” → “himself”。
（二）无提示词：固定搭配与逻辑关系（占比30%-40%）
填冠词（a/an/the）
泛指用a/an：辅音音素开头用“a”（a book），元音音素开头用“an”（an apple）；
特指用the：上文提到过的人/物（“I have a cat. The cat is black.”），或独一无二的事物（the sun, the Great Wall）。
填介词
固定搭配：如“at 7:00”“in the morning”“on Monday”“by bus”“be good at”“listen to”；
上下文逻辑：如“go ______ school” → “to”（go to school），“interested ______ English” → “in”。
填连词
并列连词：and（并列）、but（转折）、or（选择）、so（因果）；
例：“I like coffee, ______ my sister likes tea.” → “but”（转折）。
从属连词：引导从句（如“because”“if”“when”），如“I was happy ______ I passed the exam.” → “because”（因果）。
填代词（it/this/that/they等）
指代上文内容：如“Tom has a dog. ______ is very cute.” → “It”（指代dog）；
形式主语/宾语：如“It’s easy ______ (learn) English.” → “to learn”（it作形式主语）。
三、验证与查漏（2-3分钟）
通读全文，检查语法一致性
时态统一：确保全文时态不冲突（如过去时中所有动词均用过去式，除非有特殊时间提示）；
主谓一致：第三人称单数（如“He ______ (like) apples.” → “likes”）；
固定搭配：介词、连词是否符合习惯用法（如“arrive at”接小地点，“arrive in”接大地点）。
高频错误自查清单
动词时态错误（如“yesterday”对应“go”→“went”，而非“go”）；
名词单复数遗漏（如“three pen”→“three pens”）；
冠词混淆（如“an university”→“a university”，因“university”以辅音音素开头）；
介词搭配错误（如“interested on”→“interested in”）。
四、备考建议
专项训练“词形变化”：每天练习10道动词时态/非谓语、名词复数、形容词副词转换题，形成条件反射。
整理“固定搭配表”：按“动词+介词”（look for, take off）、“介词+名词”（in time, on duty）分类背诵，高频考点如“be good at, be interested in, make friends with”。
真题复盘：分析错题时标注错误类型（如“时态错误”“介词错误”），针对性补弱（如集中复习过去分词变化）。
总结口诀
“通读全文定时态，有提示词变词形；动词注意谓与非，名词单复和所有；形容副词看搭配，无提示词考冠介；连词代词上下文，验证语法要细心。”
一、短文填空
阅读短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m a student in a middle school. 1 (we) school is on Huangzhou Street. It is only about half an 2 (hour) walk from my home. And when I ride my bike, it only takes me ten minutes 3 (get) there. So I don’t have to get up too early. And I can go back home for lunch every day. Every morning, I ride along Xinhua Road and take the 4 (two) turning on the left into Changhang Street. Sometimes when it rains, I take a bus to school. I get 5 (介词) at the bus stop just on Xinhua Street. The bus stop is next to the school. There 6 (be) a big bookstore on the right of the school. That’s my favourite place because I love 7 (read) books there.
It’s good to live near 8 (冠词) school. 9 (连词) there is a problem. There are usually too many cars in the street. So we must wait for a long time at the traffic lights. And we must be careful when we 10 (cross) the street.
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Hello! Welcome 11 my school! 12 (it) name is English Star School. It’s not a big school, 13 it is really nice. Let 14 (I) tell you something about my classroom.
Look! There 15 (be) a lot of desks and 16 (chair) in the classroom. The number 17 the desks is 21. The number of the chairs is 20. The small desks are for the 18 (student). The big desk is for the teachers.
There are two bookcases (书柜) 19 the front of the classroom. You can 20 (see) a lot of books and magazines in the bookcases. The books and magazines are for all the students.
I am Zhu Xiaomeng. My 21 (one) day in junior high was very interesting. When I came to school, some teachers 22 (show) me around our school. There 23 (be) beautiful buildings everywhere in the school. I really like them.
I have some 24 (hobby) like running, playing football and swimming. I 25 (go) to Dalian with my parents this summer holiday. We also swam in 26 (冠词) sea. My family 27 (enjoy) it a lot. I will always remember this great trip.
I am also a 28 (help) girl. Helping others can bring me joy. I like to help people 29 (介词) their difficulties. Sometimes I feel nervous, 30 (连词）now I am so excited to meet new teachers and classmates. I hope to make friends with you all.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Welcome to our school. Let me 31 (show) you around. We have three teaching buildings, two computer rooms and a library. Our playground is very big. Our classroom is on the 32 (two) floor. The first lesson usually 33 (start) at a quarter past eight and we have seven lessons every day. We usually do morning exercises on the playground to keep fit. Also, we have many clubs and all kinds of 34 (match) every week. Many of us join the Drawing Club because we are 35 (interest) in drawing. Look! The man in a white shirt is my favourite teacher, Mr. Wu. He teaches 36 (we) Maths and he is popular among students. 37 (I) friend with me often studies in groups. After school, we enjoy 38 (chat) with each other. Everyone 39 (enjoy) the endless happiness at school. We 40 (not be) just classmates. We are a big family.
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Hello, I’m Helen. How are you I’m happy 41 (introduce) myself. I am 42 Class 3, Grade 7. There are forty 43 (student) in my class. Mike Brown is 44 (I) classmate. He is from America. He is a kind 45 helpful boy. He is ready to help others. I like basketball, but he likes 46 (swim). My favourite colour is white. Mike 47 (like) white, too. Mr Zhou is 48 English teacher in our school. He is very nice to the students. He is always the 49 (one) to come to school. We like him very much. Let’s 50 (play) table tennis with Mr Zhou after school.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi! 51 (I) name is Leo. I’m 52 12-year-old boy from New York. My school 53 (begin) at 8:30 am. I often say “Hello!” or “Good morning!” 54 my friends. My first class is maths. Mr. Smith, my maths teacher, always greets 55 (we) with “Good morning, class!”
At noon, I have lunch with my friends 56 the dining hall (食堂). We greet each other with “hi” or “hello” when we meet. Then we talk about TV shows or school news (新闻).
In the afternoon, I have PE, English 57 Chinese. PE is my favourite! Mr. Robinson, my PE teacher, 58 (be) full of energy (充满活力). He always says, “Everyone in our class needs 59 (do) sports every day to keep healthy.”
School finishes at 5:30 pm. After school, I have sports training (训练). I usually play basketball with my 60 (classmate). I think it is very important to do sports every day.
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Boys and girls, my name is David. Now I would like 61 (introduce) my school to you.
My school is in the south-east of our city. There are 62 (end) interesting things here. Our school often holds lots of activities 63 many of them are interesting. I like football 64 (match) best and often play with my friends 65 the weekend.
I have many hobbies. For example, I often spend time 66 (paint). My works are 67 (real) wonderful! I hope to be 68 excellent (极好的) master of Chinese flower-and-bird painting in the future. My dream is 69 (design) something beautiful.
Each of us 70 (be) very happy here. I believe we can live a colourful life here.
根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使短文完整。
I like my new school. My school is big 71 beautiful. Now, let me 72 (tell) you something about my new school life. It’s only my third week at my new school and I love it. Today is Friday—the best day of the week. My first class is music. I’m learning to play 73 piano this year and I love it. I practice every lunch time in the music room because I can’t play it 74 (good) now—I made a terrible noise! Then we have Maths. We do a test every Friday. I’m very good at Maths, so it’s my happy time. After Maths, we have English. The students 75 (be) watching a new film carefully now. The film is really 76 (interest). Outside, on the playground, the football teams are playing football. They are ready for the match 77 Saturday afternoon.
Friday afternoon is great, because we can pick 78 (we) favorite classes and join clubs. This term I’m doing food project. I think 79 (cook) is so amazing! I would like 80 (be) a good cook in the future.
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的适当形式。
Dear Han Mei,
How’s everything going I want 81 (be) your pen friend. Now let me introduce (介绍) myself.
My name is Alice Green. My 82 (one) name is Alice. I am 83 American girl. I am twelve years old. I have a big family. I have two 84 (brother). We are all at the same school. But we are 85 different classes. We go to school from Monday to Friday. We don’t have lessons on weekends.
My father 86 mother are teachers. They say 87 (Chinese) is a great country. They also say Chinese people are very friendly. I think Chinese history is very interesting. And my father also 88 (like) Chinese history very much.
I have some hobbies. My brothers and I like playing soccer and basketball. But my 89 (father) favorite sport is tennis. What do you like
Let’s be friends. Please write to 90 (I) soon.
Yours,
Alice
根据你所学过的课文内容，用正确的单词填空。
I love my big family. Here’s a photo of 91 (we). I’m the one 92 the pink hat. This is my dad, Fred, on the left. He’s very handsome. He often 93 (play) tennis with me. My little brother, Sam, is 94 his knee. Sam is seven, and he 95 (real) likes chess. My mum, Jane, is on 96 right. She’s beautiful and kind. She always reads me a story at night. My grandparents, Jack 97 Sarah, are in the middle. They’re my 98 (dad) parents. They have 99 dog. His name is Oscar.
My grandparents have three grandchildren: Sam, my cousin Lucy, and me. They often say I’m their favourite grandchild, 100 I think they say the same thing to all of us.
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