Section Ⅱ LESSON 1 ROOTS AND SHOOTS
维度一：品句填词
1.We have to get to the （根） of the problem.
2.There is a middle school attached to the （机构）.
3.His two-storey （砖） home was surrounded by tall， leafy trees.
4.The average price for all grades of petrol at the pump was $3.49 a （加仑）.
5.A large male （黑猩猩） was looking for food.
6.Dogs w their tails when they are pleased.
7.This is just a toy gun — it doesn’t s real bullets.
维度二：词形转换
1.With so many things （bother） me， I hope you can offer me some practical advice.
2.The reunited lovers held each other’s hands （firm）and walked ahead together.
3.He has made an important contribution to the company’s success at the beginning of its （found）.
4.No matter what you like to do， there is a way to get （involve） in various activities on Earth Day.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.He （使在六点起床成为一种习惯） every day.
2.Learning a new language （包括练习） speaking and listening skills regularly.
3.Early exposure to music and art can （为……打下基础） a child’s lifelong appreciation of culture.
4.Let’s （采取行动） to make our school clean and tidy.
5.He （懒得） check his emails during the vacation.
6. （全世界）， people celebrate various holidays and festivals that reflect their cultures and traditions.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In 1970， psychologist Walter Mischel famously placed a cookie in front of each of a group of children and gave them a choice： they could eat the cookie immediately， or they could wait until he returned and then be rewarded with a second.If they didn’t wait， however， they’d be allowed to eat only the first one.Not surprisingly， once he left the room， many children ate their cookies almost immediately.A few， though， resisted eating the first cookie long enough to receive the second.Mischel termed these children high-delay children.
Interestingly， the children who were best able to delay gratification （满足） later did better in school and had fewer behavioural problems than the children who could only resist eating the cookie for a few minutes — and， further， ended up on average with SAT scores that were 210 points higher.As adults， the high-delay children completed college at higher rates than the other children and then went on to earn higher incomes.In contrast， the children who had the most trouble delaying gratification had higher rates of incarceration （监禁） as adults and were more likely to struggle with drug and alcohol addiction.
All suggests that the ability to delay gratification — that is， desire control — may be one of the most important skills to learn to have a satisfying and successful life.The question is： how do we learn it？
The answer may lie in the strategies Mischel’s high-delay children used.Rather than resist the urge to eat the cookie， these children distracted （转移） themselves from the urge itself.They played with toys in the room， sang songs to themselves， and looked everywhere but at the cookie.In short， they did everything they could to put the cookie out of their minds.
1. What should the children do to get a second cookie？（ ）
A.They should leave later.
B.They should wait longer.
C.They should arrive earlier.
D.They should study harder.
2.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
A.How to be high-delay children.
B.How high-delay children succeed.
C.The problems with low-delay children.
D.The advantages of high-delay children.
3.Why did Walter Mischel give each of the children a cookie？（ ）
A.To educate them. B.To do a research.
C.To entertain them. D.To conduct a survey.
4.What should we do to delay gratification according to the author？（ ）
A.Set another new goal.
B.Try to control the desire.
C.Give up what you want completely.
D.Forget what attracts you temporarily.
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·武汉高一下质检）When my son， Noah， was younger， going out with him in public was difficult.He had been suffering from autism （自闭症）， needing extra 5 .Though he had been longing to get a picture with Donald Duck， just waiting in line in Disneyland was 6 .
On a Sunday afternoon， my phone 7 .A voice said，“If you’re going to be home this evening， I’d like to 8 ， dressed up as Donald Duck.” It was Denny， who had spent years helping special-needs children， never 9 by their strange behaviours.
I made preparations for 10 Donald Duck.But I still had 11 ： Would Noah even notice？Would he be frightened？Yet， Denny 12 that it would be arranged well.
A few minutes before dinner， Donald Duck knocked 13 on the living-room window.Noah was expressionless.My husband 14 the door， and Donald Duck stepped inside.His big mouth and bright blue suit attracted Noah.He 15 himself with a funny voice and Noah smiled.Later Noah hugged Donald Duck 16 and I took many sweet pictures.
Denny was at our home for only a few minutes， but the time was 17 .As he left， tears rolled down my face.He had 18 met us once before， but without my saying a word， he knew how much my kid would 19 meeting Donald Duck in our own home.Even now， it remains our most treasured memory.
5.（ ）A.honour B.attention
C.advice D.behaviour
6.（ ）A.interesting B.acceptable
C.impossible D.important
7.（ ）A.stopped B.disappeared
C.broke D.rang
8.（ ）A.call back B.turn around
C.drop by D.sign up
9.（ ）A.annoyed B.touched
C.impressed D.encouraged
10.（ ）A.visiting B.contacting
C.questioning D.welcoming
11.（ ）A.worries B.methods
C.demands D.proposals
12.（ ）A.begged B.comforted
C.realised D.warned
13.（ ）A.angrily B.hurriedly
C.gently D.heavily
14.（ ）A.beat B.answered
C.kicked D.locked
15.（ ）A.introduced B.seated
C.enjoyed D.praised
16.（ ）A.with fear B.in disbelief
C.in amazement D.with joy
17.（ ）A.magical B.fruitless
C.creative D.awkward
18.（ ）A.frequently B.gradually
C.simply D.hardly
19.（ ）A.understand B.appreciate
C.regret D.dislike
Section Ⅱ LESSON 1 ROOTS AND SHOOTS
基础知识自测
维度一
1.root 2.institute 3.brick 4.gallon 5.chimpanzee
6.wag 7.shoot
维度二
1.bothering 2.firmly 3.foundation 4.involved
维度三
1.makes it a rule to get up at six
2.involves practicing
3.lay the foundation for
4.take action
5.can’t be bothered to
6.All around the world
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。心理学家Walter Mischel通过一项实验，提出了著名的延迟满足理论。这一理论对孩子的个人成长有很大的借鉴意义。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，若想得到第二块饼干，这些孩子需要做的是等待外出的Walter Mischel回来。
2.D 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，那些擅长延迟满足的孩子长大后学习成绩更好，有较少的行为问题，同时也挣钱更多；同时也附带说明那些不擅长延迟满足的孩子长大后出问题的概率更高。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Walter Mischel在实验中先给每个孩子一块饼干，后来又对这些孩子进行了跟踪研究，观察他们长大后的表现。由此可推知，Walter Mischel给每个孩子一块饼干是为了做研究。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者指出，掌握延迟满足能力的关键在于向Walter Mischel实验中那些擅长延迟满足的孩子学习——不是抵制欲望，而是转移注意力。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子患有自闭症，他想去迪士尼看唐老鸭，但是他又不能在公共场所排队；后来一个叫丹尼的好心人把自己打扮成唐老鸭来到了作者的家里。
5.B 根据上文He had been suffering from autism 可知，作者的儿子患有自闭症，所以在公共场所需要额外的照顾。
6.C 根据上文When my son， Noah， was younger， going out with him in public was difficult.可知，作者的儿子患有自闭症，和他一起外出到一些公共场所很困难，所以在迪士尼排队是不可能的。
7.D 根据下文A voice said可知，作者的电话铃响了，电话里有人说话。
8.C 根据下文可知，丹尼打扮成唐老鸭来敲窗户，所以在电话里他是告诉作者他想来拜访他们。drop by意为 “顺道拜访”。
9.A 根据上文who had spent years helping special-needs children可知，丹尼多年来一直帮助有特殊需要的孩子们，说明他是个有耐心的人，所以他对孩子们的特殊行为不会感到恼火。
10.D 根据语境可知，丹尼要打扮成唐老鸭来拜访他们，所以作者作了些准备欢迎他。
11.A 根据下文Would Noah even notice？Would he be frightened？可知，作者担心诺亚看到丹尼扮演的唐老鸭会害怕。
12.B 根据下文可知，知道作者的担忧后，丹尼安慰作者说他会把一切安排好。
13.C 根据语境可知，丹尼扮成唐老鸭来给诺亚一个惊喜，所以他是轻轻地敲了敲窗户。
14.B 根据上文可知，丹尼轻轻地敲了敲客厅的窗户，所以作者的丈夫去开门。answer the door 意为“（去）开门”。
15.A 根据下文with a funny voice可知，因为诺亚以前没看到过唐老鸭，所以一开始丹尼用滑稽的声音介绍了他自己。
16.D 根据上文Noah smiled可知，诺亚见到唐老鸭之后笑了，然后高兴地拥抱了唐老鸭。
17.A 根据语境可知，丹尼扮演的唐老鸭让作者患有自闭症的儿子很高兴，并主动拥抱了他，所以这很神奇。
18.C 根据下文met us once before可知，丹尼以前仅仅是见过他们一面，他就知道作者的儿子多么希望见到唐老鸭。
19.B 根据语境可知，作者的儿子患有自闭症，不能在公共场所排队，但是又非常想看唐老鸭，所以孩子很感激在家能看到唐老鸭。
3 / 3Section Ⅱ LESSON 1 ROOTS AND SHOOTS
ROOTS①& SHOOTS②
Most people suffer from what is known as “Just-me-ism③”.What is that？[1]Well， say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth， leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered④ to pick it up.[2]You know that all those things are wrong， but so what？ “What difference can it possibly make？” you say to yourself.“There are millions of⑤ people in the world and I’m just me.How can it matter if I leave one little tap running， one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road？ And anyway， no one will know.” [3]Of course， it wouldn’t matter⑥ if there were just a few people in the world.But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves：“It doesn’t matter.It’s just me.And， anyway， no one knows.” Millions of gallons⑦ of water would be wasted； millions of lights would be left on； millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.And all of this would be very harmful.
[1]leave sth doing sth意为“使某物一直做某事”；while和when引导时间状语从句， 意为“当……的时候”。
[2]句中so what？ 意为“那又怎样？”
[3]句中if引导虚拟条件句， 表示与现在事实相反。
[4]To inspire young people to take action⑧ for the environment， animals and their community， Roots & Shoots was established.[5]This institute⑨ was set up⑩ in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall， a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees .In addition to her research， she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection.[6]The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people， from pre-schoolers to university students， [7]so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.
[4]句中To inspire ...为动词不定式短语作状语。
[5]句中a scientist who’s ...为同位语， 补充说明名词Dr.Jane Goodall， 其中含有who引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词a scientist。
[6]句中to educate ...为动词不定式短语作表语。
[7]句中that引导定语从句， 修饰先行词a future。
[8]The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation ， and shoots seem small and weak， but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.The roots and shoots are you， your friends and young people all around the world .[9]Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems， change the world and make it a better place to live in.
[8]句中because引导原因状语从句， 意为“因为”。
[9]句中含有make it＋形容词/名词（＋for sb）＋to do sth结构，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语to live in为真正的宾语。
Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile， when you make a dog wag its tail， and when you water a thirsty plant？One cheered-up person， one happy dog， one flowering plant， and you.[10]That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about： the value and importance of each individual — human， animal or plant.[11]Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that：“Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference .” You get to choose：Do you want to use your life to make the world a better place for people， animals and the environment？ Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart？ Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future？ You cannot be absent.
It is by acting together， in this exciting way， that we can involve thousands — millions — of people， and this is what is going to change the world.
—Jane Goodall [10]句中what引导表语从句。
[11]句中第一个that引导宾语从句， 第二个that引导表语从句。
【读文清障】
①root n.树根
②shoot n.芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击
③just-me-ism n.以自我为中心，自我中心主义
④bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦
can’t be bothered to do sth
懒得做某事
⑤millions of 成千上万的……；无数的……
⑥matter n.物质；事件vi.有关系；要紧
⑦gallon n.加仑
⑧take action采取行动
⑨institute n.机构；研究院
⑩set up 建立；装配；开业；竖立
chimpanzee n.黑猩猩
in addition to 除……以外（还）
whole-heartedly adv. 全心全意地；全神贯注地
in peace 和平地；安静地
firm adj.实的；稳固的
foundation n.基础；地基
brick n.砖， 砖块
all around the world全世界
wag vi.& vt.（狗）摇（尾巴）
make a difference 有影响，起（重要）作用
【参考译文】
根与芽
很多人都有所谓的“唯我主义”问题。这是什么意思呢？比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流， 外出的时候不关灯， 或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。你知道这些都是不对的， 但那又怎样？“会有什么差别呢？”你对自己说。“世界上有数百万人，我不过是我自己。如果我不关一个小小的水龙头，一盏小小的灯或在路上掉了一小块垃圾，这会有什么问题？而且不管怎样，也没人会知道。”当然，如果世界上只有几个人，那就无所谓了。但试想要是数百万人都对自己说：“没关系，只有我一个。而且，不管怎样，也没人会知道。”那将会浪费数百万加仑的水，忘记关掉数百万的灯，丢掉数百万块的垃圾。而这些都是非常有害的。
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们所在的社区，“根与芽”诞生了。这个组织20世纪90年代初由珍·古道尔博士创立。在野生黑猩猩研究领域，她是世界上最著名的专家。除了自己的科研，她还全身心地投入环保事业。“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人，从学龄前儿童到大学生，使他们能够为创造一个安全、与自然和平共处的未来而贡献力量。
这个组织取名“根与芽”，取意根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础，而芽看起来又小又弱，却可以向着光明冲破砖墙的阻挡。根和芽就是你、你的朋友和世界各地的年轻人。成千上万的根和芽能够解决问题，改变世界、使其更加宜居。
当你使一个悲伤的人破涕为笑，让一只狗摇尾巴，给一株干渴的植物浇水时，你觉得自己让世界变得更美好了吗？一个振作起来的人，一只快乐的狗，一株开花的植物和你。这就是“根与芽”的全部意义：重视每一个个体的价值和重要性，不管是人、动物还是植物。珍·古道尔博士认为最重要的是：“每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。”你可以选择：你想通过自己的生活，为了人类、动物和环境而让世界变得更美好吗？你想让“根与芽”植根于每个人的心中吗？你想成为命运共同体的一员吗？你不能缺席。
正是通过共同行动，以这种令人兴奋的方式，我们可以让成千上万的人参与进来，这将改变世界。
——珍·古道尔
Step One：Pre-reading
Look at the pictures on page 30 in the textbook.What are the consequences of each action in the pictures？
Step Two：While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
What’s the main idea of the text？（ ）
A.The negative effects of Just-me-ism.
B.Everyone should do his part.
C.Measures to prevent pollution.
D.The characteristics， significance and influence of “Roots & Shoots”.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Which of the following is NOT “Just-me-ism”？（ ）
A.Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
B.Leave a light on when you go out.
C.Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
D.Turn off the light when you go out.
2.When was Roots & Shoots established？（ ）
A.In the early 1980s.
B.In the late 1980s.
C.In the early 1990s.
D.In the late 1990s.
3.Who is Jane Goodall？（ ）
A.A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
B.A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild monkeys.
C.A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild tigers.
D.A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild wolves.
4.What’s the purpose of Roots & Shoots？（ ）
A.To educate old people.
B.To educate young people.
C.To educate middle-aged people.
D.To educate children.
5.What can we learn from the text？（ ）
A.Every individual doesn’t matter.
B.Every individual can make a difference to the world.
C.Only a few people suffer from “Just-me-ism”.
D.People can’t live together in peace with nature.
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Step Three：Post-reading
Ⅰ.长难句分析
1.Well， say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth， leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
句式分析
自主翻译
2.This institute was set up in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall， a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
句式分析
自主翻译
Ⅱ.讨论
1.What contribution does Roots & Shoots make to society？
2.What is your explanation for the two quotes from Dr.Jane Goodall？
核心词汇集释
bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦n.麻烦，不便；令人烦恼的事物或人
【教材原句】 Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
【用法】
（1）can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth为某事打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers sb that/to do sth使某人苦恼的是/做某事令某人烦恼
（2）have bother （in） doing sth 做某事费力
【佳句】 I know this is not quite the right word， but I can’t be bothered to think of a better one.
我知道这个词不太合适，但我不想费事再想一个更好的了。 （心理描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I’m sorry I have bothered you so many questions on such an occasion.
②Don’t bother （look） for my umbrella， and it will turn up some day.
③Around two o’clock every night， Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat （bother） us.
④The famous movie star could hardly walk down the street without （bother）.
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤Did you have much trouble in finding the house？
take action 采取行动
【教材原句】 To inspire young people to take action for the environment， animals and their community， Roots & Shoots was established.
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们所在的社区，“根与芽”诞生了。
【用法】
（1）take action to do sth采取措施做某事
（2）in action 在运转；在活动；在战斗中
out of action 失去作用，损坏，有故障
put/bring sth into action 使……行动起来；使生效；使开始工作
【佳句】 It’s time for us to take action and protect the environment.
是时候我们采取行动保护环境了。 （演讲稿）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Just press the button to see your favourite character action.
②I have to have the report typed in a store， for my computer is out action.
③Action must （take） to deal with the urgency as soon as possible.
【写美】 完成句子
④ the fire spreading.
必须立即采取行动阻止火势蔓延。
foundation n.基础；地基；基金会
【教材原句】 The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation ...
这个组织取名“根与芽”，取意根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础……
【用法】
（1）lay the foundation for ... 为……打下基础
without foundation 无事实根据
（2）found vt. 建立，创立
founder n. 创建者；创办者；创始人
【佳句】 They established a charitable foundation to help children in need.
他们成立了一个慈善基金会来帮助有需要的儿童。
【点津】 found的过去式和过去分词都是founded。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Your breakfast choices lay the foundation your entire day and your long-term health.
②The universities’ concern is not foundation.
③What is the （found） of their good relationships？
【写美】 完成句子
④Four years’ college life his work.
四年的大学生活为他的工作打下了坚实的基础。
involve vt.参与；包含
【教材原句】 It is by acting together， in this exciting way， that we can involve thousands — millions — of people ...
正是通过共同行动， 以这种令人兴奋的方式， 我们可以让成千上万的人参与进来……
【用法】
（1）involve sb in （doing） sth 使某人参与（做）某事
involve doing sth 包括做某事；需要做某事
（2）involved adj. 复杂的；参与；有关的
be/get involved in 被卷入……之中
be/get involved with sb/sth 与某人混在一起；和某事有密切联系
【佳句】 It benefited me a lot to preview lessons， get actively involved in class and review what had been taught after class.
课前预习、课堂上积极参与以及课后复习所学知识让我受益匪浅。 （演讲稿）
【点津】 involved作前置定语时， 意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时， 意为“涉及的”。
【练透】 语境辨义/单句语法填空
①We’ll look into the case and contact the people involved.
②The film has an involved plot and is exciting to see.
③Students can broaden their view by getting themselves （involve） in different environments.
④He’s smart enough to know that if he gets involved that crowd， he’s getting into trouble.
【写美】 完成句子
⑤Please don’t ask my advice — .
请不要问我的意见——我不想参与这件事。
重点句型解构
句型公式：make it＋形容词/名词（＋for sb）＋to do sth
【教材原句】 Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems， change the world and make it a better place to live in.
成千上万的根和芽能够解决问题，改变世界、使其更加宜居。
【用法】
（1）该句型中it充当形式宾语，无任何意义。
（2）宾语的三种形式：动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing形式（短语）及宾语从句。
（3）常用动词为think， believe， make， find， consider， feel等。
（4）宾语补足语的几种形式：形容词（短语）、名词（短语）、介词短语、动词不定式、过去分词等。
【品悟】 You’d better learn some school rules at the beginning of senior high school， which may make it easy for you to adjust yourself to the new life quickly.你最好在高中刚开始的时候学习一些校规，这可能会让你很快适应新生活。
【写美】 完成句子
①A large stadium has been built in our school， which some activities.
我们学校建造了一个大型体育馆，这使得我们参加一些活动成为可能。
② in such a short time without enough people.
他们发现，没有足够的人手很难在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。
Section Ⅱ LESSON 1 ROOTS AND SHOOTS
【文本透析·剖语篇】
Step One
Answers may vary.
Step Two
Ⅰ.D
Ⅱ.1－5 DCABB
Ⅲ.1.brushing 2.pick it up 3.educate 4.firm foundation
5.value and importance
Step Three
Ⅰ.1.比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流， 外出的时候不关灯， 或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
2.这个组织20 世纪90年代初由珍·古道尔博士创立。在野生黑猩猩研究领域， 她是世界上最著名的专家。
Ⅱ.1.It inspires young people to build a future that is secure and to live together in peace with nature.
2.Dr.Jane Goodall’s quotes mean that changing the role is an individual act， because there are millions of people who can make a difference if they all act on their own.
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①with/about ②to look ③bothers ④being bothered ⑤bother
2.①in ②of ③be taken
④Immediate action must be taken to stop
3.①for ②without ③foundation ④laid a solid foundation for
4.①有关的 ②复杂的 ③involved ④with
⑤I don’t want to get/be involved with it
重点句型解构
①makes it possible for us to take part in
②They find it hard to finish the work
7 / 8(共74张PPT)
Section Ⅱ LESSON 1 ROOTS AND SHOOTS
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
3
核心知识·巧突破
4
课时检测·提能力
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
ROOTS①& SHOOTS②
Most people suffer from what is known as “Just-me-ism③”.What is
that？[1]Well， say you leave the tap running while you brush your
teeth， leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and
can’t be bothered④ to pick it up.[2]You know that all those things are
wrong， but so what？ “What difference can it possibly make？” you
say to yourself.“There are millions of⑤ people in the world and I’m just
me.How can it matter if I leave one little tap running， one little light on
or leave a little piece of litter on the road？ And anyway， no one will
know.”
[3]Of course， it wouldn’t matter⑥ if there were just a few people in the
world.But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves：
“It doesn’t matter.It’s just me.And， anyway， no one knows.”
Millions of gallons⑦ of water would be wasted； millions of lights would
be left on； millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.And all of this
would be very harmful.
[1]leave sth doing sth意为“使某物一直做某事”；while和when
引导时间状语从句， 意为“当……的时候”。
[2]句中so what？ 意为“那又怎样？”
[3]句中if引导虚拟条件句， 表示与现在事实相反。
【读文清障】
①root n.树根
②shoot n.芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击
③just-me-ism n.以自我为中心，自我中心主义
④bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦
can’t be bothered to do sth懒得做某事
⑤millions of 成千上万的……；无数的……
⑥matter n.物质；事件vi.有关系；要紧
⑦gallon n.加仑
[4]To inspire young people to take action⑧ for the environment，
animals and their community， Roots & Shoots was established.[5]This
institute⑨ was set up⑩ in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall， a scientist
who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees .In
addition to her research， she has been whole-heartedly committed to
environmental protection.[6]The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to
educate young people， from pre-schoolers to university students， [7]so
they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace
with nature.
[4]句中To inspire ...为动词不定式短语作状语。
[5]句中a scientist who’s ...为同位语， 补充说明名词Dr.Jane
Goodall， 其中含有who引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词a scientist。
[6]句中to educate ...为动词不定式短语作表语。
[7]句中that引导定语从句， 修饰先行词a future。
⑧take action采取行动
⑨institute n.机构；研究院
⑩set up 建立；装配；开业；竖立
chimpanzee n.黑猩猩
in addition to 除……以外（还）
whole-heartedly adv. 全心全意地；全神贯注地
in peace 和平地；安静地
[8]The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move
slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation ， and shoots seem
small and weak， but they can break open brick walls to reach the
light.The roots and shoots are you， your friends and young people all
around the world .[9]Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can
solve the problems， change the world and make it a better place to live in.
[8]句中because引导原因状语从句， 意为“因为”。
[9]句中含有make it＋形容词/名词（＋for sb）＋to do sth结构，
其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语to live in为真正的宾语。
firm adj.实的；稳固的
foundation n.基础；地基
brick n.砖， 砖块
all around the world全世界
Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you
make a sad person smile， when you make a dog wag its tail， and
when you water a thirsty plant？One cheered-up person， one happy
dog， one flowering plant， and you.[10]That’s what Roots & Shoots
is all about： the value and importance of each individual — human，
animal or plant.[11]Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important
thing is that：“Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to
play.Every individual makes a difference .”
You get to choose：Do you want to use your life to make the world a
better place for people， animals and the environment？ Do you want to
make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart？ Do you want to be a
part of a community for a shared future？ You cannot be absent.
It is by acting together， in this exciting way， that we can involve
thousands — millions — of people， and this is what is going to change
the world.
—Jane Goodall
[10]句中what引导表语从句。
[11]句中第一个that引导宾语从句， 第二个that引导表语从句。
wag vi.& vt.（狗）摇（尾巴）
make a difference 有影响，起（重要）作用
【参考译文】
根与芽
很多人都有所谓的“唯我主义”问题。这是什么意思呢？比方说
你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流， 外出的时候不关灯， 或者掉了一块垃
圾却懒得捡起来。你知道这些都是不对的， 但那又怎样？“会有什么
差别呢？”你对自己说。“世界上有数百万人，我不过是我自己。如
果我不关一个小小的水龙头，一盏小小的灯或在路上掉了一小块垃
圾，这会有什么问题？而且不管怎样，也没人会知道。”当然，如果
世界上只有几个人，那就无所谓了。但试想要是数百万人都对自己
说：“没关系，只有我一个。而且，不管怎样，也没人会知道。”那
将会浪费数百万加仑的水，忘记关掉数百万的灯，丢掉数百万块的垃
圾。而这些都是非常有害的。
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们所在的社区，
“根与芽”诞生了。这个组织20世纪90年代初由珍·古道尔博士创立。
在野生黑猩猩研究领域，她是世界上最著名的专家。除了自己的科
研，她还全身心地投入环保事业。“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人，
从学龄前儿童到大学生，使他们能够为创造一个安全、与自然和平共
处的未来而贡献力量。
这个组织取名“根与芽”，取意根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实
的基础，而芽看起来又小又弱，却可以向着光明冲破砖墙的阻挡。根
和芽就是你、你的朋友和世界各地的年轻人。成千上万的根和芽能够
解决问题，改变世界、使其更加宜居。
当你使一个悲伤的人破涕为笑，让一只狗摇尾巴，给一株干渴的
植物浇水时，你觉得自己让世界变得更美好了吗？一个振作起来的
人，一只快乐的狗，一株开花的植物和你。这就是“根与芽”的全部
意义：重视每一个个体的价值和重要性，不管是人、动物还是植物。
珍·古道尔博士认为最重要的是：“每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体
都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。”你可以选择：你想通
过自己的生活，为了人类、动物和环境而让世界变得更美好吗？你想
让“根与芽”植根于每个人的心中吗？你想成为命运共同体的一员
吗？你不能缺席。
正是通过共同行动，以这种令人兴奋的方式，我们可以让成千上
万的人参与进来，这将改变世界。
——珍·古道尔
2
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
Step One：Pre-reading
Look at the pictures on page 30 in the textbook.What are the
consequences of each action in the pictures？
Answers may vary.
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
What’s the main idea of the text？（ ）
A. The negative effects of Just-me-ism.
B. Everyone should do his part.
C. Measures to prevent pollution.
D. The characteristics， significance and influence of “Roots &
Shoots”.
Step Two：While-reading
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. Which of the following is NOT “Just-me-ism”？（ ）
A. Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
B. Leave a light on when you go out.
C. Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
D. Turn off the light when you go out.
2. When was Roots & Shoots established？（ ）
A. In the early 1980s.
B. In the late 1980s.
C. In the early 1990s.
D. In the late 1990s.
3. Who is Jane Goodall？（ ）
A. A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild
chimpanzees.
B. A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild monkeys.
C. A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild tigers.
D. A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild wolves.
4. What’s the purpose of Roots & Shoots？（ ）
A. To educate old people.
B. To educate young people.
C. To educate middle-aged people.
D. To educate children.
5. What can we learn from the text？（ ）
A. Every individual doesn’t matter.
B. Every individual can make a difference to the world.
C. Only a few people suffer from “Just-me-ism”.
D. People can’t live together in peace with nature.
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and
fill in the blanks.
Step Three：Post-reading
Ⅰ.长难句分析
1. Well， say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，
leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t
be bothered to pick it up.
句式分析
自主翻译
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流， 外出的时候不关
灯， 或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
2. This institute was set up in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall， a
scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
句式分析
自主翻译
这个组织20 世纪90年代初由珍·古道尔博士创立。在
野生黑猩猩研究领域， 她是世界上最著名的专家。
Ⅱ.讨论
1. What contribution does Roots & Shoots make to society？
2. What is your explanation for the two quotes from Dr.Jane Goodall？
It inspires young people to build a future that is secure and to live
together in peace with nature.
Dr.Jane Goodall’s quotes mean that changing the role is an
individual act， because there are millions of people who can make a
difference if they all act on their own.
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
核心词汇集释
bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦n.麻烦，不便；令人烦恼的事物或人
【教材原句】 Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
【用法】
（1）can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth为某事打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers sb that/to do sth使某人苦恼的是/做某事令某人烦恼
（2）have bother （in） doing sth 做某事费力
【佳句】 I know this is not quite the right word， but I can’t be
bothered to think of a better one.
我知道这个词不太合适，但我不想费事再想一个更好的了。 （心理
描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I’m sorry I have bothered you so many questions on
such an occasion.
②Don’t bother （look） for my umbrella， and it will turn
up some day.
with/about
to look
③Around two o’clock every night， Sue will start talking in her
dream.It somewhat （bother） us.
④The famous movie star could hardly walk down the street
without （bother）.
【写美】词汇升级
⑤Did you have much trouble in finding the house？
bothers
being bothered
bother
take action 采取行动
【教材原句】 To inspire young people to take action for the
environment， animals and their community， Roots & Shoots was
established.
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们所在的社区，“根与
芽”诞生了。
（1）take action to do sth 采取措施做某事
（2）in action 在运转；在活动；在战斗中
out of action 失去作用，损坏，有故障
put/bring sth into action 使……行动起来；使生效；使开始工作
【用法】
【佳句】 It’s time for us to take action and protect the environment.
是时候我们采取行动保护环境了。 （演讲稿）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Just press the button to see your favourite character action.
②I have to have the report typed in a store， for my computer is
out action.
③Action must （take） to deal with the urgency as soon as
possible.
in
of
be taken
【写美】 完成句子
④ the fire spreading.
必须立即采取行动阻止火势蔓延。
Immediate action must be taken to stop
foundation n.基础；地基；基金会
【教材原句】 The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots
move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation ...
这个组织取名“根与芽”，取意根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基
础……
【用法】
（1）lay the foundation for ... 为……打下基础
without foundation 无事实根据
（2）found vt. 建立，创立
founder n. 创建者；创办者；创始人
【佳句】 They established a charitable foundation to help children in
need.
他们成立了一个慈善基金会来帮助有需要的儿童。
【点津】 found的过去式和过去分词都是founded。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Your breakfast choices lay the foundation your entire day and
your long-term health.
②The universities’ concern is not foundation.
③What is the （found） of their good relationships？
【写美】 完成句子
④Four years’ college life his work.
四年的大学生活为他的工作打下了坚实的基础。
for
without
foundation
laid a solid foundation for
involve vt.参与；包含
【教材原句】 It is by acting together， in this exciting way， that we
can involve thousands — millions — of people ...
正是通过共同行动， 以这种令人兴奋的方式， 我们可以让成千上万
的人参与进来……
（1）involve sb in （doing） sth 使某人参与（做）某事
involve doing sth 包括做某事；需要做某事
（2）involved adj. 复杂的；参与；有关的
be/get involved in 被卷入……之中
be/get involved with sb/sth与某人混在一起；和某事有密切联系
【用法】
【佳句】 It benefited me a lot to preview lessons， get actively
involved in class and review what had been taught after class.
课前预习、课堂上积极参与以及课后复习所学知识让我受益匪浅。
（演讲稿）
【点津】 involved作前置定语时， 意为“复杂的”；作后置定语
时， 意为“涉及的”。
【练透】语境辨义/单句语法填空
①We’ll look into the case and contact the people involved.
②The film has an involved plot and is exciting to see.
③Students can broaden their view by getting themselves
（involve） in different environments.
④He’s smart enough to know that if he gets involved that crowd， he’s getting into trouble.
有关的
复杂的
involved
with
【写美】 完成句子
⑤Please don’t ask my advice — .
请不要问我的意见——我不想参与这件事。
I don’t want to get/be involved with it
重点句型解构
句型公式：make it＋形容词/名词（＋for sb）＋to do sth
【教材原句】 Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the
problems， change the world and make it a better place to live in.成千
上万的根和芽能够解决问题，改变世界、使其更加宜居。
（1）该句型中it充当形式宾语，无任何意义。
（2）宾语的三种形式：动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing形式（短
语）及宾语从句。
（3）常用动词为think， believe， make， find， consider， feel等。
（4）宾语补足语的几种形式：形容词（短语）、名词（短语）、介
词短语、动词不定式、过去分词等。
【用法】
【品悟】 You’d better learn some school rules at the beginning of
senior high school， which may make it easy for you to adjust yourself
to the new life quickly.你最好在高中刚开始的时候学习一些校规，这
可能会让你很快适应新生活。
【写美】 完成句子
①A large stadium has been built in our school， which
some activities.
我们学校建造了一个大型体育馆，这使得我们参加一些活动成为
可能。
makes it
possible for us to take part in
② in such a short time without
enough people.
他们发现，没有足够的人手很难在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。
They find it hard to finish the work
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. We have to get to the （根） of the problem.
2. There is a middle school attached to the （机构）.
3. His two-storey （砖） home was surrounded by tall， leafy
trees.
4. The average price for all grades of petrol at the pump was $3.49
a （加仑）.
root
institute
brick
gallon
5. A large male （黑猩猩） was looking for food.
6. Dogs w their tails when they are pleased.
7. This is just a toy gun — it doesn’t s real bullets.
chimpanzee
ag
hoot
维度二：词形转换
1. With so many things （bother） me， I hope you can
offer me some practical advice.
2. The reunited lovers held each other’s hands （firm）and
walked ahead together.
3. He has made an important contribution to the company’s success at
the beginning of its （found）.
4. No matter what you like to do， there is a way to get
（involve） in various activities on Earth Day.
bothering
firmly
foundation
involved
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. He （使在六点起床成为一种习
惯） every day.
2. Learning a new language （包括练习）
speaking and listening skills regularly.
3. Early exposure to music and art can
（为……打下基础） a child’s lifelong appreciation of culture.
4. Let’s （采取行动） to make our school clean and
tidy.
makes it a rule to get up at six
involves practicing
lay the foundation for
take action
5. He （懒得） check his emails during the
vacation.
6. （全世界）， people celebrate various
holidays and festivals that reflect their cultures and traditions.
can’t be bothered to
All around the world
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In 1970， psychologist Walter Mischel famously placed a cookie in
front of each of a group of children and gave them a choice： they could
eat the cookie immediately， or they could wait until he returned and then
be rewarded with a second.If they didn’t wait， however， they’d be
allowed to eat only the first one.Not surprisingly， once he left the
room， many children ate their cookies almost immediately.A few，
though， resisted eating the first cookie long enough to receive the
second.Mischel termed these children high-delay children.
Interestingly， the children who were best able to delay gratification
（满足） later did better in school and had fewer behavioural problems
than the children who could only resist eating the cookie for a few
minutes — and， further， ended up on average with SAT scores that
were 210 points higher.As adults， the high-delay children completed
college at higher rates than the other children and then went on to earn
higher incomes.In contrast， the children who had the most trouble
delaying gratification had higher rates of incarceration （监禁） as adults
and were more likely to struggle with drug and alcohol addiction.
All suggests that the ability to delay gratification — that is， desire
control — may be one of the most important skills to learn to have a
satisfying and successful life.The question is： how do we learn it？
The answer may lie in the strategies Mischel’s high-delay children
used.Rather than resist the urge to eat the cookie， these children
distracted （转移） themselves from the urge itself.They played with toys
in the room， sang songs to themselves， and looked everywhere but at
the cookie.In short， they did everything they could to put the cookie out
of their minds.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。心理学家Walter Mischel通过一项实
验，提出了著名的延迟满足理论。这一理论对孩子的个人成长有很
大的借鉴意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。心理学家Walter Mischel通过一项实
验，提出了著名的延迟满足理论。这一理论对孩子的个人成长有很
大的借鉴意义。
1. What should the children do to get a second cookie？（ ）
A. They should leave later.
B. They should wait longer.
C. They should arrive earlier.
D. They should study harder.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，若想得到第二块饼干，
这些孩子需要做的是等待外出的Walter Mischel回来。
A. How to be high-delay children.
B. How high-delay children succeed.
C. The problems with low-delay children.
D. The advantages of high-delay children.
2.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，那些擅长延迟满足
的孩子长大后学习成绩更好，有较少的行为问题，同时也挣钱
更多；同时也附带说明那些不擅长延迟满足的孩子长大后出问
题的概率更高。
3.Why did Walter Mischel give each of the children a cookie？（ ）
A. To educate them. B. To do a research.
C. To entertain them. D. To conduct a survey.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Walter Mischel在实
验中先给每个孩子一块饼干，后来又对这些孩子进行了跟踪研究，
观察他们长大后的表现。由此可推知，Walter Mischel给每个孩子
一块饼干是为了做研究。
4.What should we do to delay gratification according to the author？（ ）
A. Set another new goal.
B. Try to control the desire.
C. Give up what you want completely.
D. Forget what attracts you temporarily.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者指出，掌握延迟
满足能力的关键在于向Walter Mischel实验中那些擅长延迟满足的
孩子学习——不是抵制欲望，而是转移注意力。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·武汉高一下质检）When my son， Noah， was
younger， going out with him in public was difficult.He had been
suffering from autism （自闭症）， needing extra 5 .Though he had
been longing to get a picture with Donald Duck， just waiting in line in
Disneyland was 6 .
On a Sunday afternoon， my phone 7 .A voice said，“If
you’re going to be home this evening， I’d like to 8 ， dressed up
as Donald Duck.” It was Denny， who had spent years helping special-
needs children， never 9 by their strange behaviours.
I made preparations for 10 Donald Duck.But I still
had 11 ： Would Noah even notice？Would he be frightened？Yet，
Denny 12 that it would be arranged well.
A few minutes before dinner， Donald Duck knocked 13 on the
living-room window.Noah was expressionless.My husband 14 the
door， and Donald Duck stepped inside.His big mouth and bright blue
suit attracted Noah.He 15 himself with a funny voice and Noah
smiled.Later Noah hugged Donald Duck 16 and I took many sweet
pictures.
Denny was at our home for only a few minutes， but the time
was 17 .As he left， tears rolled down my face.He had 18 met
us once before， but without my saying a word， he knew how much my
kid would 19 meeting Donald Duck in our own home.Even now， it
remains our most treasured memory.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子患有自闭症，他想去迪
士尼看唐老鸭，但是他又不能在公共场所排队；后来一个叫丹尼的
好心人把自己打扮成唐老鸭来到了作者的家里。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子患有自闭症，他想去迪
士尼看唐老鸭，但是他又不能在公共场所排队；后来一个叫丹尼的
好心人把自己打扮成唐老鸭来到了作者的家里。
5. A. honour B. attention
C. advice D. behaviour
解析： 根据上文He had been suffering from autism 可知，作者的
儿子患有自闭症，所以在公共场所需要额外的照顾。
6.A. interesting B. acceptable
C. impossible D. important
解析： 根据上文When my son， Noah， was younger，
going out with him in public was difficult.可知，作者的儿子患
有自闭症，和他一起外出到一些公共场所很困难，所以在迪士
尼排队是不可能的。
7.A. stopped B. disappeared
C. broke D. rang
解析： 根据下文A voice said可知，作者的电话铃响了，电话里
有人说话。
8.A. call back B. turn around
C. drop by D. sign up
解析： 根据下文可知，丹尼打扮成唐老鸭来敲窗户，所以在电
话里他是告诉作者他想来拜访他们。drop by意为 “顺道拜访”。
9.A. annoyed B. touched
C. impressed D. encouraged
解析： 根据上文who had spent years helping special-needs
children可知，丹尼多年来一直帮助有特殊需要的孩子们，说明他
是个有耐心的人，所以他对孩子们的特殊行为不会感到恼火。
10.A. visiting B. contacting
C. questioning D. welcoming
解析： 根据语境可知，丹尼要打扮成唐老鸭来拜访他们，所以
作者作了些准备欢迎他。
11.A. worries B. methods
C. demands D. proposals
解析： 根据下文Would Noah even notice？Would he be
frightened？可知，作者担心诺亚看到丹尼扮演的唐老鸭会害怕。
12.A. begged B. comforted
C. realised D. warned
解析： 根据下文可知，知道作者的担忧后，丹尼安慰作者说他
会把一切安排好。
13.A. angrily B. hurriedly
C. gently D. heavily
解析： 根据语境可知，丹尼扮成唐老鸭来给诺亚一个惊喜，所
以他是轻轻地敲了敲窗户。
14.A. beat B. answered
C. kicked D. locked
解析： 根据上文可知，丹尼轻轻地敲了敲客厅的窗户，所以作
者的丈夫去开门。answer the door 意为“（去）开门”。
15.A. introduced B. seated
C. enjoyed D. praised
解析： 根据下文with a funny voice可知，因为诺亚以前没看到
过唐老鸭，所以一开始丹尼用滑稽的声音介绍了他自己。
16.A. with fear B. in disbelief
C. in amazement D. with joy
解析： 根据上文Noah smiled可知，诺亚见到唐老鸭之后笑了，
然后高兴地拥抱了唐老鸭。
17.A. magical B. fruitless
C. creative D. awkward
解析： 根据语境可知，丹尼扮演的唐老鸭让作者患有自闭症的
儿子很高兴，并主动拥抱了他，所以这很神奇。
18.A. frequently B. gradually
C. simply D. hardly
解析： 根据下文met us once before可知，丹尼以前仅仅是见过
他们一面，他就知道作者的儿子多么希望见到唐老鸭。
19.A. understand B. appreciate
C. regret D. dislike
解析： 根据语境可知，作者的儿子患有自闭症，不能在公
共场所排队，但是又非常想看唐老鸭，所以孩子很感激在家能
看到唐老鸭。
谢谢观看！
