期中Unit1-Unit 4语篇改编语法（含解析）沪教版（2024）八年级英语上册

（1.1）语篇内容：
Leonardo da Vinci was a great Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer, and scientist. He was born___1___ 1452 in the Italian countryside. From a young age, he ______2______ exceptional intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he learned to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and the Mona Lisa is probably ______3______ famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions; for example, his notebooks contain interesting drawings of flying machines ______4______ other vehicles. Leonardo was extremely clever and had a talent for many fields. People often wonder ______5______ he could achieve so much. His work changed how we view art and science. Today, he is remembered as a true genius ______6______ his contributions are still studied. His talents ______7______ in many areas, such as painting and inventing. He ______8______ to learn new skills throughout his life. The Mona Lisa ______9______ by millions of people every year. Scientists still study his work ______10______ it is very inspiring.
选择题选项：
1. A. at B. in C. on D. of
2. A. show B. shows C. showed D. showing
3. A. a B. more C. the most D. much
4. A. but B. or C. and D. so
5. A. what B. when C. why D. how
6. A. because B. if C. although D. until
7. A. show B. shows C. showed D. showing
8. A. continue B. continues C. continued D. continuing
9. A. visits B. is visited C. visited D. visiting
10. A. so B. but C. because D. or
（1.2）语篇内容：
Dinosaurs were prehistoric animals that were related to crocodiles, snakes, and lizards. They are also the ancestors ______11______ modern birds. Dinosaurs first appeared about 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from two Greek words ______12______ mean “terrible lizard”. These animals lived on land and walked on two or four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ______13______ meat. They varied in size; some were as small as chickens, ______14______ others were as large as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for over 180 million years. About 66 million years ago, they suddenly became extinct. Scientists are not entirely sure ______15______ they died out, but they are learning more about these fascinating creatures. Dinosaurs ______16______ the Earth for a very long time. Some dinosaurs ______17______ plants, while others were meat-eaters. The extinction of dinosaurs ______18______ by scientists for many years. Fossils help us ______19______ more about these animals. Dinosaurs were not all large; some ______20______ very small.
选择题选项：
11. A. of B. for C. with D. from
12. A. what B. that C. who D. when
13. A. eat B. eats C. ate D. eating
14. A. because B. so C. while D. if
15. A. why B. how C. when D. what
16. A. rule B. rules C. ruled D. ruling
17. A. eaten B. eat C. ate D. eating
18. A. studies B. studied C. is studied D. has been studied
19. A. understand B. understands C. understood D. understanding
20. A. is B. are C. was D. were
（2）语篇内容：
Long ago, there ______1______ a king in India who loved playing chess. One day, a wise old man ______2______ to the palace, and the king challenged him ______3______ a game. The king promised, “If you win the game, you can have ______4______ prize you want.” The old man thought for a while and said ______5______, “If I win, I would like one grain of rice on the first square, two on the second, four on the third… I hope you ______6______ the amount on each remaining square.” The king was surprised and asked, “______7______ that all Don’t you want gold ______8______ silver ” The old man answered ______9______ hesitation, “No, just rice.” The king thought to ______10______, “There are 64 squares on the board, so it will be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16… ______11______ one bag of rice might be enough.” After thinking for a while, he agreed. The king and the old man played for a long time, and ______12______ the old man won. The king ordered his men ______13______ a bag of rice. They put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and ______14______ on. After ______15______ a few squares, the king realized the problem - even all the rice in the country would not ______16______ enough for the chessboard! The king ______17______ believed that the old man’s request was simple, but now he understood ______18______ serious the situation was. He looked at the old man ______19______ admiration and said, “You are ______20______ wiser than I thought.”
选择题选项：
1. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
2. A. comes B. came C. has come D. will come
3. A. to B. with C. for D. at
4. A. some B. any C. many D. few
5. A. slow B. slowly C. slower D. slowest
6. A. double B. doubles C. doubled D. will double
7. A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were
8. A. and B. but C. or D. so
9. A. with B. without C. by D. through
10. A. he B. his C. him D. himself
11. A. May B. Maybe C. May be D. Might
12. A. final B. finally C. finale D. finalize
13. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
14. A. so B. such C. too D. very
15. A. fill B. filled C. filling D. to fill
16. A. be B. is C. are D. were
17. A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. earnestly
18. A. what B. how C. when D. where
19. A. by B. with C. through D. in
20. A. many B. much C. more D. most
（3）语篇内容：
The Future Smart Life
The Internet has already ______1______ great changes to our daily life. For example, we now use it for online learning and mobile payments. According to Dr. Li, an Internet expert, more things ______2______ connected to the Internet in the future.
In the health field, people may ______3______ small devices all the time. These devices can check their health and warn them about possible problems. ______4______ this, doctors can provide better treatment.
The Internet also helps to protect ______5______ environment. When more things are connected, cities will become smart and eco-friendly. One important change is in ______6______ we use energy. Different devices can communicate and share data to save energy. ______7______, smart trash cans can tell the collection company when they are full. This helps the company plan better routes.
The biggest change will happen in transportation. ______8______ the future, roads will be safer and traffic will be smoother. This is ______9______ cars will be self-driving and share data with the Internet. There will be fewer accidents ______10______ traffic lights can change their time based on how many cars there are.
Dr. Li says that some of these changes ______11______ happening right now. The smart life of the future is already on ______12______ way.
We may not see all these changes tomorrow, ______13______ they are coming. Life will keep becoming more convenient ______14______ intelligent. One thing is clear: the Internet will continue to change ______15______ we live.
选择题选项：
1. A. bring　 B. brought　 C. brings　 D. bringing
2. A. become　 B. becomes　 C. will become　 D. became
3. A. wear　 B. wore　 C. wearing　 D. wears
4. A. With　 B. Without　 C. For　 D. After
5. A. a　 B. an　 C. the　 D. /
6. A. what　 B. how　 C. when　 D. where
7. A. For example B. However　 C. Besides　 D. Although
8. A. On　 B. In　 C. At　 D. For
9. A. so　 B. because　 C. but　 D. if
10. A. so　 B. because　 C. although　 D. until
11. A. is　 B. are　 C. was　 D. were
12. A. a　 B. an　 C. the　 D. /
13. A. and　 B. but　 C. or　 D. so
14. A. and　 B. but　 C. or　 D. so
15. A. what　 B. when　 C. where　 D. how
（4）语篇内容：
The Invention of the Wheel
About 100,000 years ago, humans first decided ______1______ their homes to look for new places to live and better food. At that time, they traveled ______2______ foot. For the next 94,000 years, people continued ______3______ around the world. Then, 6,000 years ago, some important changes took ______4______. For example, in Kazakhstan, people began to ride horses. Although this allowed people to go farther and faster, ______5______ large amounts of goods was still very difficult.
A few hundred years later, however, everything changed ______6______ the invention of the wheel. Who invented the wheel first We may never know for sure, ______7______ it is believed that the inventor might have first used the wheel for making pottery. Later, people realized that the wheel could ______8______ be used to transport people and goods. They soon put wheels on vehicles ______9______ by horses. Farmers were suddenly able to carry their products to faraway markets. This invention helped both domestic and international ______10______.
The wheel changed how business was done between villages, towns, and ______11______ countries. But it was not perfect. The old roads became difficult to use when ______12______ rained. After the wheel appeared, the first stone roads were built. The Romans invented new road-building techniques. Their roads were ______13______ well built that some are still in use today.
More importantly, the wheel not only changed transportation ______14______ also made it possible to build all kinds of machines. Windmills, clocks, and even 3 D printers today use wheels. There is no doubt ______15______ the wheel is one of the most important inventions in history.
选择题选项：
1. A. leave　 B. to leave　 C. leaving　 D. left
2. A. by　 B. on　 C. with　 D. at
3. A. walk　 B. walking　 C. to walk　 D. walked
4. A. place　 B. part　 C. time　 D. order
5. A. carry　 B. carries　 C. carrying　 D. carried
6. A. because　 B. because of　 C. so　 D. for
7. A. but　 B. and　 C. or　 D. so
8. A. too　 B. also　 C. either　 D. neither
9. A. pull　 B. pulled　 C. pulling　 D. to pull
10. A. trade　 B. trades　 C. trading　 D. traded
11. A. even　 B. ever　 C. every　 D. enough
12. A. it　 B. its　 C. it’s　 D. itself
13. A. so　 B. such　 C. too　 D. very
14. A. and　 B. but　 C. or　 D. so
15. A. that　 B. which　 C. what　 D. whether
（4）完形填空：
Movable Type: A Dream Come True
Jane was reading a book about the history of printing one night. She was so tired that she soon ______1______ asleep. In her dream, she was in a big room. A man was making something with clay.
“What are you doing ” Jane asked. “I’m making movable type ______2______ we can print books,” the man said. Jane was interested and asked how to make it. The man told her, “First, I carve characters on clay blocks. Then I bake them ______3______ they are hard. Each character is a single type.”
Jane wanted to know how to print with the types. The man showed her. He put a mixture of resin, wax and paper - ash on a metal plate. Then he placed the types on the plate and fixed them ______4______ a frame. After that, he heated the plate to melt the mixture. Next, he used a wooden board to make the surface ______5______. Finally, he put ink on the types. Now it was ______6______ to print.
Jane looked at the man and thought he was very familiar. Suddenly, she remembered. “You are Bi Sheng!” she said. “I read about you in my book. And about 400 years ______7______, a German craftsman named Gutenberg improved your invention and brought metal types to Europe.”
Just then, Jane ______8______. She found it was just a dream. She looked at the book in her hand and ______9______.
This dream made her love the history of printing ______10______.
选项设置
A. fell B. felt C. went D. got
A. because B. so that C. although D. as
A. when B. until C. after D. as
A. by B. in C. with D. on
A. flat B. clean C. new D. warm
A. good B. ready C. nice D. fine
A. later B. earlier C. ago D. before
A. woke up B. stood up C. got up D. put up
A. cried B. shouted C. smiled D. worried
A. more B. less C. most D. least
第一篇：列奥纳多·达·芬奇 (Leonardo da Vinci)
B. was
解析： 讲述过去的人物生平，需用一般过去时。主语为单数，故用 was。
C. showed
解析： 描述他小时候就“展现出”才华，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。
C. the
解析： 形容词最高级（most famous）前必须用定冠词 the。
C. and
解析： 此处 flying machines 和 other vehicles 是并列关系，表示“和”。
D. how
解析： wonder how 表示“想知道如何（能做到这么多）”，询问方式。
A. because
解析： 后半句“他的贡献仍在被研究”是前半句“他被铭记”的原因，用 because 引导原因状语从句。
A. show
解析： 主语 His talents 是复数，且讲述客观事实（他的才华在多个领域有体现），用一般现在时。
C. continued
解析： 描述他生平的过去习惯，用一般过去时。
B. is visited
解析： 主语 The Mona Lisa 是动作的承受者，且是客观事实（每年被参观），用一般现在时的被动语态。
C. because
解析： 后半句“它非常激励人”是前半句“科学家研究他的作品”的原因。
第二篇：恐龙 (Dinosaurs)
A. of
解析： the ancestors of… 固定搭配，表示“……的祖先”。
B. that
解析： 此处是定语从句，修饰先行词 words，且在从句中作主语，故用关系代词 that。
C. ate
解析： 描述恐龙过去的饮食习惯，用一般过去时。
C. while
解析： 前后两句形成对比（一些像鸡一样小，而另一些像十头象一样大），用 while 表示“然而”。
A. why
解析： 科学家不确定“为什么”它们灭绝了，引导宾语从句，表示原因。
C. ruled
解析： 描述恐龙过去统治地球，用一般过去时。
C. ate
解析： 与前面的 meat-eaters 对应，描述食草恐龙“吃”植物，用一般过去时。
D. has been studied
解析： 主语 extinction 是动作的承受者，且“被研究了多年”强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时的被动语态。
A. understand
解析： help sb (to) do sth 固定搭配，用动词原形。
D. were
解析： 主语 some (dinosaurs) 是复数，且描述过去的状态，用一般过去时。
第三篇：国王与稻谷 (The King and the Rice)
B. was
解析： Long ago 表明故事发生在过去，主语 a king 是单数，用 was。
B. came
解析： 描述一个过去的动作（来到宫殿），用一般过去时。
A. to
解析： challenge sb to a game 固定搭配，表示“向某人挑战……”。
B. any
解析： any 用于肯定句中，与 you want 结合，表示“任何你想要的奖品”。
B. slowly
解析： 修饰动词 said，需用副词 slowly。
A. double
解析： hope 后接宾语从句，从句谓语用原形（或will+原形），此处 double 是动词原形。
A. Is
解析： 国王当时的直接引语，用一般现在时提问，主语 that 是单数。
C. or
解析： 在疑问句和否定句中，并列选择用 or 连接。
B. without
解析： without hesitation 固定短语，意为“毫不犹豫地”。
D. himself
解析： think to oneself 固定搭配，意为“心里想”。
B. Maybe
解析： Maybe 是副词，意为“也许”，放在句首。May be 是情态动词+be动词，不能独立放句首。
B. finally
解析： 修饰整个句子，表示“最终”，需用副词。
B. to get
解析： order sb to do sth 固定搭配。
A. so
解析： and so on 固定短语，意为“等等，依此类推”。
C. filling
解析： 介词 after 后接动名词 filling。
A. be
解析： would not 后接动词原形，构成将来时态的否定形式。
B. earlier
解析： 与 now 形成对比，表示“之前”相信，用比较级 earlier。
B. how
解析： how serious 引导宾语从句，表示“情况有多严重”。
B. with
解析： look at sb with admiration 固定搭配，意为“带着钦佩看着某人”。
B. much
解析： much 可修饰比较级 wiser，表示“……得多”。
第四篇：未来智能生活 (The Future Smart Life) 与 轮子的发明 (The Invention of the Wheel)
(此部分文档有两篇合在一起，我们分别解析)
未来智能生活部分：
B. brought
解析： 现在完成时，主语 Internet 是单数，助动词 has 后接过去分词。
C. will become
解析： in the future 是将来时标志。
A. wear
解析： 情态动词 may 后接动词原形。
A. With
解析： With this 表示“凭借这个/有了这个”。
C. the
解析： environment 是独一无二的事物，用定冠词 the。
B. how
解析： how 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作方式状语，表示“我们使用能源的方式”。
A. For example
解析： 后文“智能垃圾桶”是前文“节省能源”的一个例子。
B. In
解析： in the future 固定搭配。
B. because
解析： 后半句是前半句“道路更安全”的原因。
B. because
解析： 后半句是前半句“事故更少”的原因。
轮子的发明部分：
B. to leave
解析： decide to do sth 固定搭配。
B. on
解析： on foot 固定搭配，意为“步行”。
C. to walk
解析： continue to do sth 固定搭配。
A. place
解析： take place 固定短语，意为“发生”。
C. carrying
解析： 动名词短语 carrying large amounts… 作主语。
B. because of
解析： because of 后接名词 the invention，表示原因。
A. but
解析： 前后句意转折（我们可能永远不知道，但人们相信……），用 but。
B. also
解析： also 用于句中，表示“也”。
B. pulled
解析： 过去分词短语 pulled by horses 作后置定语，修饰 vehicles，表示“被马拉的”。
A. trade
解析： trade 作为“贸易”讲时是不可数名词。
A. even
解析： even 修饰 countries，表示“甚至（国家之间）”，加强语气。
A. it
解析： it 作无人称主语，指代天气。
A. so
解析： so…that… 固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。
B. but
解析： not only…but also… 固定搭配，表示“不仅……而且……”。（also 在句中可省略）
A. that
解析： There is no doubt that… 固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”。
（4）完形填空：
A：“fall asleep”是固定短语，意为“入睡”，这里用“fell”是其过去式，符合语境。“felt”是“feel（感觉）”的过去式；“go”表示“去”；“get”常见搭配“get to sleep”强调进入睡眠的过程，不如“fall asleep”常用。
B：“so that”引导目的状语从句，表达“以便，为了”，男人制作活字的目的是为了印刷书籍，符合逻辑。“because”引导原因状语从句；“although”引导让步状语从句；“as”可引导时间、原因等状语从句，但此处都不符合语义。
B：“until”表示“直到……为止”，男人把粘土块烘烤直到它们变硬，符合制作过程的描述。“when”强调时间点；“after”表示“在……之后”；“as”表示“当……时候”或“因为”，均不合适。
C：“with”表示“用，借助”，用框架来固定活字，是合适的表达方式。“by”通常表示方式、手段，但更强调通过某种行为；“in”表示“在……里面”；“on”表示“在……上面”。
A：用木板压活字的目的是让表面“平整”，“flat”符合文意。“clean”是“干净的”；“new”是“新的”；“warm”是“温暖的”。
B：“be ready to do sth”表示“准备好做某事”，这里表示准备好印刷了。“good”“nice”“fine”都不能准确表达“准备好”的意思。
A：“later”表示“……之后”，“400 years later”指“400年后”，符合谷登堡在毕昇之后改进发明的时间关系。“earlier”表示“更早”；“ago”用于一般过去时，时间从现在算起；“before”通常用于过去完成时。
A：上下文可知Jane从梦中醒来，“woke up”是“醒来”的意思。“stood up”是“站起来”；“got up”一般指起床的日常行为；“put up”有“张贴”“搭建”等意思。
C：根据前文描述，Jane做了一个关于活字印刷的有趣的梦，所以醒来后应该是“微笑”，“smiled”符合语境。“cried”是“哭”；“shouted”是“大喊”；“worried”是“担心”。
A：这个梦让Jane对印刷历史更加热爱，“more”表示“更，更加”，符合文意。“less”是“更少”；“most”是“最多”；“least”是“最少”。