第5讲 形容词和副词
基础知识巩固
考点一 形容词、副词的用法
【训练一】
1.The term “hutong”, (original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
2.The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens.
3.Soon after moving to Switzerland, I would throw a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up (exact) on time.
考点二形近副词的区别
【训练二】
1. …in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s (high) mountain.
2. As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
3.The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the (hot) the spring!
4.When the house was built, it was much (small) than it is today.
综合提升练
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.We stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their (day) routines.
2.Plastic straws are by no means the (big) source of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire.
3. This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
4. As the small boat moved (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
5. In the 18th and 19th centuries, (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
6. Not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most (important), equal rights to survive.
7. The phrase (apparent) traces its origins to a post earlier this year in an online forum run by the Chinese search giant Baidu.
8. With huge amounts of water to use, it raised different (environment) concerns.
9. (incredible), around 1,500 workers spent just nine hours completing the construction of a new train station in Fujian Province, southern China.
10.I enjoyed myself at the party last night because I had never been to a (exciting) one before.
11. (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
12.…I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence) speaking English.
13. Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
14.So, what are they learning (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
15.Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Ⅱ 语法填空
Cuju was an ancient Chinese 1. (compete) game involving kicking a ball through an opening into a net.
As the ancestor of soccer, it first appeared in 2. well-known ancient Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce (Strategies of the Warring States), which described cuju as a form of 3. (entertain) among the general public.
Later, cuju was 4. (common) played in the army for military training purposes during the Han Dynasty (206 BC—220 AD).
Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, was a cuju fan 5. liked watching and playing cuju.
Emperor Liu Che would establish a cuju field 6. his army went. He used cuju as a way of training soldiers.
The 7. (early) record of women cuju players can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. We can see paintings of females with their hair 8. (tie) back, waving their long sleeves and looking chic (时髦的) while playing cuju.
Up to the Tang Dynasty (618—907), women players prevailed (盛行) at the royal court, as emperors enjoyed watching soccer games. At that time, various skills were widely used in playing cuju, mainly 9. (serve) as amusement.
As a way of national culture protection, cuju 10. (list) in the first batch of China’s intangible cultural heritages in 2006.
Ⅲ 语法与写作—形容词、副词在写作中的运用
1. , Mother held the twins with her warm arms as well. 母亲既感动又激动,她也用温暖的手臂抱着这对双胞胎。
2. , Poppy kept running and barking at the new family member.波比很高兴,但也有点紧张。它不停地跑,对新来的家庭成员不停地吠叫。
3. , we reached the top of the mountain and stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.
我们筋疲力尽,上气不接下气,来到山顶,停下来欣赏美丽的风景。
4. , we couldn’t wait to exchange gifts with the foreign students,conveying our sincere friendship to each other.我们好奇而兴奋, 迫不及待地想要和外国学生交换礼物,以表达我们彼此真挚的友谊。 第5讲 形容词和副词
【训练一】
1.originally 考查副词。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
2.spacious 考查形容词。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
3.exactly 考查副词。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly,故填exactly。
【训练二】
1.highest 考查形容词最高级。根据空前Africa’s可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,用形容词最高级。故填highest。
2.largest 考查形容词最高级。根据定冠词the和常识可知,中国是最大的产茶国,所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
3.hotter 考查形容词的比较级。此处为“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,意为“越……,越……”。故填hotter。
4.smaller 考查形容词的比较级。由than可知,此处需要填small的比较级,故填smaller。
综合提升练
Ⅰ.1.daily 考查形容词。此处表示 “日常生活”,修饰routines, 应用形容词,故填daily。
2.biggest 考查形容词最高级。修饰名词应该用形容词,且根据定冠词the 可知此处应该用形容词的最高级形式,故填biggest。
3.lower 考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知…levels of income and education与higher costs of healthy foods和fewer sports facilities是并列关系,前后结构要一致。由higher和fewer可知low要用形容词的比较级形式,故填lower。
4.gently 考查副词。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语,表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
5.wealthy 考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪,富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people,应使用形容词,作定语。故填wealthy。
6.importantly 考查副词。此处需填副词importantly,作状语。故填importantly。
7.apparently 考查副词。分析句子成分可知,traces为句子谓语动词,意为“追溯”,所以这里用副词来修饰动词,作状语。故填apparently。
8.environmental 考查形容词。句意:由于要使用大量的水,它引发了不同的环境方面的顾虑。分析句子可知,句中concerns为名词,前面应用形容词修饰,environment的形容词形式为environmental,意为“环境的”,作定语。故填environmental。
9.Incredibly 考查副词。句意:令人难以置信的是,大约1500名工人只花了9个小时就在中国南部的福建省完成了一座新火车站的建设。用副词incredibly (难以置信地)作状语,修饰后面整个句子,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Incredibly。
10.more exciting 考查比较级。句意:我在昨晚的聚会上玩得很开心,因为我以前从未参加过比这个更令人兴奋的聚会。“否定词+比较级”结构表示最高级意义,通常意为“没有比……更……;没有像……一样……”。exciting 属于多音节形容词,故填more exciting。
11.Different 考查形容词。根据句意可知,此处是形容词短语作状语。故填Different。
12.confident 考查形容词。根据and可知,本空和空前的形容词comfortable并列,应用形容词形式。故填confident。
13.tasty 考查形容词。形容词修饰后面的名词 soup作定语,应用tasty 表示“美味的”。故填tasty。
14.Basically 考查副词。本空置于句首,用逗号和句子隔开,在句中作状语,应用副词形式。
15.simpler 考查形容词比较级。根据句子结构和and可知,空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。
Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文为一篇说明文。蹴鞠在中国古代就是一种竞技比赛,甚至被用于军事训练中,2006年蹴鞠被列入第一批中国非物质文化遗产名录。
1.competitive/competition 考查形容词或名词。根据句意可知,设空处修饰名词game,可用形容词competitive,competitive game意为“竞技比赛”,形容词作前置定语。也可用名词competition修饰名词game,competition game意为“竞技比赛”。故填competitive/competition。
2.the 考查冠词。well-known ancient Chinese historical work 即Zhan Guo Ce,此处为特指,应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
3.entertainment 考查名词。空前a form of 修饰名词,应用entertainment,且为不可数名词,a form of entertainment意为“一种娱乐方式”。故填entertainment。
4.commonly 考查副词。修饰谓语动词was played应用副词commonly,作状语。故填commonly。
5.who/that 考查限制性定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为a cuju fan,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,用关系代词who或that,故填who/that。
6.wherever 考查状语从句。根据句意可知,设空处应用wherever,意为“无论哪里”,引导地点状语从句,故填wherever。
7.earliest 考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知,修饰名词record,且空前有the,应用形容词最高级earliest,作前置定语,故填earliest。
8.tied 考查非谓语动词。此处考查with结构,宾语their hair为tie的逻辑主语,两者之间为动宾关系,应用过去分词,作补语,故填tied。
9.serving 考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词,且无连词,设空处为非谓语动词,serve与逻辑主语playing cuju为主谓关系,应用现在分词,作其后置定语。故填serving。
10.was listed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语动词,根据时间状语in 2006可知,句子应用一般过去时,list与逻辑主语cuju之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,助动词用was。故填was listed。
Ⅲ.1.Moved and excited 2.Cheerful and yet a little nervous
3.Exhausted and out of breath/breathless 4.Curious and excited
