Unit 2 Robots gramamr 课件（16张ppt）
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| 名称 | Unit 2 Robots gramamr 课件（16张ppt） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 55.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-09-13 20:48:15 | ||
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课件16张PPT。Module 7 Unit 2 Robots Grammar（被动语态复习）【自主学习】
Task I Review the Passive Voice and fill in the table.
英语中及物动词有两种语态，即 语态和
语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的 ；被动语态表示主语是动作的 。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。主动被动执行者承受者一. 各时态被动语态的构成 ( 以动词do为例 )
am/is/are
being donehave/has
been donewas/were
donehad been
donewill/shall
be donewill/shall
been doneshould/would
be done二. 含有情态动词的被动语态?
含有情态动词的被动语态,由“情态动词＋be＋
去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语
后“to”仍要保留。
（1）We can repair this watch in two days. This watch in two day
（2）You ought to take it away. It .
（3）They should do it at once. It at once.can be repairedought to be taken awayshould be done 三. 不定式的被动语态：
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受而非发出
时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done).
(1)It is an honour for me （ask） to speak
here.（主语）
(2) She asked (send) to work in Xinjiang
（宾语）
(3) He wanted the letter (type) at once.
（构成复合宾语）
(4) The books are not allowed (take) out of
the room.（构成复合谓语）
(5) Are you going to the meeting (hold) in the
teachers’ office tomorrow? （定语）
(6) She was too young (assign) such
work.?（状语）to be askedto be sentto be typedto be takento be heldto be assigned 四.不定式被动语态的完成式
不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式to have been done（表示该动作是发生在主句之前的一个被动动作），在句中做主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：
It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语）
She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)）
He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语）
The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）
She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语） 五. 被动语态用法的难点与重点讲解：
注意点一：由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。 如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operate on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out等。
The patient is being operated .
His request was turned .
The sports meet will be put because of the bad weather.ondownoff注意点二：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，不存在省略to 的问题。
We often hear him play the guitar. →
He is often heard the guitar. to play注意点三：当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如：
They haven't done anything to make the river clean.
Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean. （ ）
Nothing has been done to make the river clean. （ ）×√注意点四：有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。对比：
(1) a. The books sell well.
b. The books were sold out.
(2) a. The meat didn’t cook well.
b. The meat was cooked for a long time
over low heat. 注意点五：一些不及物动词和短语没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie，take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。
The fire broke out in the capital building.
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.
After the earthquake, few houses remained. 注意点六：不定式的主动形式表示被动
1．在there be结构中。
There is no time to lose (to be lost).
2．在“n／pron + be + adj + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap， fit， dangerous等。
（1）He is hard to convince.
（2）He is an impossible person to work with．3.在“too—to do; enough…to…”结构中。如：
（1）The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．
（2）The house is big enough to live in.（不及物动词要补出相应的介词）
4．在“with+n+to do”结构中。（和逻辑主语是主动关系）
（1）With nothing to do，he lay in bed．
（2）With so many exercises to do，I can‘t go to the cinema．5．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。
I have a letter to type today．(I是 type的逻辑主语)
对比：Do you have any letter to be typed? （you 不是type的逻辑主语）
6．当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。
This is the best book to read (=for us／you to read)．
7．一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。
常见的这类动词有let(出租)，rent， hire，blame等。
（1）The house is to let．
（2）I was to blame.【语法运用】 Task II Practice
1. 根据给出的提示，在横线处填入动词的正确形式。
（1）The new bridge ________ (complete) by next month.
（2）The rooms ____ (paint) now.
（3）When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets
(sell out).
（4）Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
（5）The old man is ill. He ___ (must send) to the hospital.
（6）This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well. （7）Look! Someone __________(dance).will have been completedare being paintedhad been sold outisspokenmust be sentsells is dancing2. 下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
（1）I have a lot of homework to be done tonight．
（2）Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？
（3）Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people.
（4）The music is sounded beautiful.
（5）By who was this new educational CD-
ROM designed ? doto??iswhom
Task I Review the Passive Voice and fill in the table.
英语中及物动词有两种语态，即 语态和
语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的 ；被动语态表示主语是动作的 。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。主动被动执行者承受者一. 各时态被动语态的构成 ( 以动词do为例 )
am/is/are
being donehave/has
been donewas/were
donehad been
donewill/shall
be donewill/shall
been doneshould/would
be done二. 含有情态动词的被动语态?
含有情态动词的被动语态,由“情态动词＋be＋
去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语
后“to”仍要保留。
（1）We can repair this watch in two days. This watch in two day
（2）You ought to take it away. It .
（3）They should do it at once. It at once.can be repairedought to be taken awayshould be done 三. 不定式的被动语态：
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受而非发出
时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done).
(1)It is an honour for me （ask） to speak
here.（主语）
(2) She asked (send) to work in Xinjiang
（宾语）
(3) He wanted the letter (type) at once.
（构成复合宾语）
(4) The books are not allowed (take) out of
the room.（构成复合谓语）
(5) Are you going to the meeting (hold) in the
teachers’ office tomorrow? （定语）
(6) She was too young (assign) such
work.?（状语）to be askedto be sentto be typedto be takento be heldto be assigned 四.不定式被动语态的完成式
不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式to have been done（表示该动作是发生在主句之前的一个被动动作），在句中做主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：
It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语）
She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)）
He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语）
The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）
She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语） 五. 被动语态用法的难点与重点讲解：
注意点一：由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。 如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operate on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out等。
The patient is being operated .
His request was turned .
The sports meet will be put because of the bad weather.ondownoff注意点二：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，不存在省略to 的问题。
We often hear him play the guitar. →
He is often heard the guitar. to play注意点三：当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如：
They haven't done anything to make the river clean.
Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean. （ ）
Nothing has been done to make the river clean. （ ）×√注意点四：有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。对比：
(1) a. The books sell well.
b. The books were sold out.
(2) a. The meat didn’t cook well.
b. The meat was cooked for a long time
over low heat. 注意点五：一些不及物动词和短语没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie，take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。
The fire broke out in the capital building.
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.
After the earthquake, few houses remained. 注意点六：不定式的主动形式表示被动
1．在there be结构中。
There is no time to lose (to be lost).
2．在“n／pron + be + adj + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap， fit， dangerous等。
（1）He is hard to convince.
（2）He is an impossible person to work with．3.在“too—to do; enough…to…”结构中。如：
（1）The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．
（2）The house is big enough to live in.（不及物动词要补出相应的介词）
4．在“with+n+to do”结构中。（和逻辑主语是主动关系）
（1）With nothing to do，he lay in bed．
（2）With so many exercises to do，I can‘t go to the cinema．5．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。
I have a letter to type today．(I是 type的逻辑主语)
对比：Do you have any letter to be typed? （you 不是type的逻辑主语）
6．当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。
This is the best book to read (=for us／you to read)．
7．一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。
常见的这类动词有let(出租)，rent， hire，blame等。
（1）The house is to let．
（2）I was to blame.【语法运用】 Task II Practice
1. 根据给出的提示，在横线处填入动词的正确形式。
（1）The new bridge ________ (complete) by next month.
（2）The rooms ____ (paint) now.
（3）When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets
(sell out).
（4）Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
（5）The old man is ill. He ___ (must send) to the hospital.
（6）This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well. （7）Look! Someone __________(dance).will have been completedare being paintedhad been sold outisspokenmust be sentsells is dancing2. 下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
（1）I have a lot of homework to be done tonight．
（2）Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？
（3）Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people.
（4）The music is sounded beautiful.
（5）By who was this new educational CD-
ROM designed ? doto??iswhom