单元质量检测（二） SUCCESS
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman’s son do most probably？（ ）
A.A postman. B.A policeman. C.A guard.
2.Why is the woman late？（ ）
A.The traffic was heavy. B.The bus broke down. C.She took the wrong bus.
3.What do we know from the conversation？（ ）
A.The woman lost her new book.
B.The man will buy a new book.
C.The man doesn’t care about the book.
4.How long does the man work every week？（ ）
A.For 50 hours. B.For 55 hours. C.For 66 hours.
5.Who travelled with the man last month？（ ）
A.Jeff and Richard. B.The man’s dog. C.No one.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.Where does this conversation probably take place？（ ）
A.In a store. B.In a restaurant. C.In a museum.
7.How much does the woman pay for the bowl？（ ）
A.60 dollars. B.80 dollars. C.90 dollars.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.Why didn’t the father follow the old family recipe？（ ）
A.One page is missing. B.He has his own recipe. C.He can’t find the recipe.
9.What does the girl think of the pizza？（ ）
A.Terrible. B.Tasty. C.Unusual.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.How much did Laura earn a day for her first job？（ ）
A.8 pounds. B.12 pounds. C.40 pounds.
11.Why did Laura leave her first job？（ ）
A.The shoe shop closed down.
B.She had to study for her exams.
C.A new shoe shop was short of hands.
12.How long did Laura work in the shoe shops all together？（ ）
A.For 18 months. B.For 21 months. C.For two years.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What do we know about the house？（ ）
A.It is large. B.It has one bedroom. C.It needs fixing.
14.What is the man planning to buy？（ ）
A.A garden. B.A house. C.A farm.
15.What does the man suggest the woman growing？（ ）
A.Corn. B.Rice. C.Potatoes.
16.How do they get the money？（ ）
A.They will get a bank loan. B.They have saved enough. C.They will borrow from friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Which competition was held last year？（ ）
A.Singing Competition. B.Reading Competition. C.Dancing Competition.
18.What is the purpose of the Pet Competition？（ ）
A.To help students select suitable pets.
B.To teach students how to look after pets.
C.To tell students loving animals is important.
19.What will be at the Pet Competition？（ ）
A.A lesson on dogs. B.A dog beauty contest. C.A dog’s ability test.
20.What do we know about the Pet Competition？（ ）
A.Students will bring their pets.
B.Students can vote for the dogs.
C.Students need to pay for the competition.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are many famous scientists in the world， some of whom are very young.Here are four hot young scientists working right now to change the world.
Rizia Bardhan
Rizia Bardhan is 29 and a post doctor at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.Her research mainly deals with amazing possibilities of micro robots that can be used to cure diseases which are now untreatable.In an interview， she said that when she thought of science， she would think of major problems that she could help to solve.
Heather Knight
Heather Knight， the 28-year-old Chief Executive of the Marilyn Monrobot company， is performing new applications for robotics by casting her shows with robots.She considers humor to be one of the most important human features.Therefore， if she can teach humor to robots， they will be able to better connect with humans.
Imre Bartos
Imre Bartos is a 29-year-old Columbia University graduate student.As one of the young minds， he is remarkable enough to drive others crazy with envy.He studies everything from the formation of black holes to the physics of how mosquito eyes see the world.In the paper Hunting Black Holes with a Gas Cloud， he explains that a gas cloud meeting a black hole in its path will be partially eaten by the black hole.His task is to check the X-rays that are given off during the process.
Jeremy England
Jeremy England is a 36-year-old professor at MIT， a school that is known for its young genius.He is working right now on new ideas about the physics behind basic biology.He says that he wants to make sense of life at the molecular （分子的） level.
21.What might be used to cure the untreatable disease？（ ）
A.Atoms. B.X-rays.
C.Basic biology. D.Micro robots.
22.What’s Heather Knight’s aim？（ ）
A.To make new inventions. B.To teach humor to robots.
C.To make it easier to communicate. D.To make robots learn to show.
23.Whose study shows new ideas about physics？（ ）
A.Jeremy England. B.Rizia Bardhan.
C.Imre Bartos. D.Heather Knight.
B
Frederick McKinley Jones was born in Cincinnati， Ohio， on May 17， 1893.By the time Frederick was 7 years old， his father sent young Jones to live with a priest （牧师） in Kentucky.In 1904， Jones ran away to feed himself.He returned to Cincinnati and worked as an entrance guard in a garage where he developed a skill for automobile mechanics.He became a leader of the shop.At the age of 19， he landed in Hallock， Minnesota， where he obtained a job doing mechanical work on a farm.
Jones had a talent for and an interest in mechanics.He read widely on the subject and educated himself in his spare time.By the time he was twenty， Jones was able to get an engineering license in Minnesota.He served in the U.S.Army during World War Ⅰ where he was often called upon to make repairs to machines and other equipment.
After the war， he returned to the farm.It was on the Hallock farm that Jones educated himself further in electronics.He built a transmitter （发射机） for the new radio station to broadcast its programming.He also developed a device to combine moving pictures with sound.
Jones continued to expand his interests in the 1930s.He designed and patented a portable air-cooling unit for trucks carrying perishable （易腐烂的） food.Forming a partnership with Numero， Jones founded the U.S.Thermo Control Company.The company grew rapidly during World War Ⅱ， helping to preserve blood， medicine and food.
Over the course of his career， Jones received more than 60 patents.He was recognized for his achievements both during his lifetime and after his death.Jones died of lung cancer in Minneapolis， Minnesota， on February 21， 1961.He was chosen into the Minnesota Inventors Hall of Fame in 1977.In 1991， then — President George H.W.Bush awarded the National Medal of Technology to Numero and Jones at a ceremony held in the White House Rose Garden.
24.What did Jones do in his early teens？（ ）
A.He fed animals at home. B.He read a lot about mechanics.
C.He served as a guard in a church. D.He picked up car mechanics.
25.Where did Jones further study electronics on his own？（ ）
A.In his hometown. B.In a farm in Minnesota.
C.In a garage in Cincinnati. D.In the White House Rose Garden.
26.Which words can best describe Jones？（ ）
A.Patriotic and adventurous. B.Gifted and innovative.
C.Optimistic and generous. D.Reliable and responsible.
27.What is the purpose of writing this text？（ ）
A.To discuss the history of engineering.
B.To tell an imaginary story about Jones.
C.To celebrate Jones’ inventions and achievements.
D.To introduce the U.S.Thermo Control Company.
C
The Oscars.The Booker prize.The Nobels.These awards are all backward-looking， celebrating past achievements.But there is another type of award， one that looks to the future — a challenge prize.Such prizes don’t recognise past successes； rather， they inspire future ones.
The idea is simple： a challenge is selected — with a clear-cut target — and a jackpot （赌注） is offered to whoever first reaches that goal.Examples include the Longitude （经度） prize on antimicrobial resistance （AMR） （耐药性）， which has just awarded ￡8 million to Sysmex Astrego for its PA-100 AST System， a rapid diagnostic test that could transform the treatment of urinary tract infections （泌尿道感染） and so help tackle the rise of AMR.
The challenge prize format has a lot to offer.By opening the field to the widest possible pool of inventors， it can inspire countless potential solutions to a problem.These prizes also have the power to solve some of the most pressing problems of the time.
Consider the original Longitude prize， launched in 1714 to tackle the greatest scientific challenge of that century： how to effectively measure longitude at sea.Without the ability to do this， many ships lost their way and sank， so the British government established a prize of ￡20，000 to award whoever could solve the problem.
The challenge was met by John Harrison for his chronometer.This seafaring （航海） clock kept time to within 5 seconds on a rolling ship on a transatlantic voyage.This allowed sailors to determine their exact position， leading to safer shipping and opening up global trade routes.
Later， a 12，000-franc contest to find ways of preserving food for Napoleon’s army led to the invention of tinned food.More recent challenge prizes have focused on suborbital spaceflight， driverless cars and robotics.
The Longitude prize on AMR attracted some 250 entries， so it is thrilling now.A decade after the award was launched in 2014， Sysmex Astrego’s system has won.The firm will receive millions， but it won’t be the only beneficiary； it is society that will be an even bigger winner.
28.What distinguishes a challenge prize from other awards？（ ）
A.It has simpler rules. B.It offers prize money.
C.It is forward-looking. D.It is more difficult to get.
29.What is an advantage of the challenge prize format according to the text？（ ）
A.It attracts public attention to the field.
B.It engages as many inventors as possible.
C.It solves as many problems as possible.
D.It offers everyone a chance to be recognized.
30.What was the purpose of the original Longitude prize？（ ）
A.To open up global trade routes. B.To add to the scientific atmosphere.
C.To recognize achievements in sailing. D.To overcome a pressing problem in sailing.
31.Which of the following is the best title for the text？（ ）
A.A Win for All B.A Cure for All
C.A Pioneer for All D.A Wonder for All
D
When Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield looked at Earth， tears formed in his left eye.Within minutes， using the bridge of his nose like a waterfall， the tears spilled into his right eye， until he couldn’t see.Fear should have paralyzed （使……不知所措） Hadfield since he was blind in space.Instead， Hadfield assessed his surroundings， evaluated the risk， trusted his training， and continued his spacewalk.Back in the spacecraft， he realized that an anti-fog solution （防雾液） had stimulated his eyes.Luckily， they were fine after a good cleaning.Hadfield returned to Earth with first-hand experience of space psychology in action.
Space psychology， a vital long-term field of study at NASA （美国宇航局）， which refers to applying psychology to human spaceflight， is gaining special importance as humans prepare for long-distance space travel.Clearly， space psychology matters on the journey to the Moon， Mars and beyond.But it can also help humans greatly as we meet challenges in our lives.According to Hadfield， we can learn from astronauts who practice what goes wrong and right， with the following suggestions.
In the language system used by NASA， attitude refers to a spacecraft’s positioning in 3D space.To reach a destination， the spacecraft must be pointed in the right direction.They must have the correct “attitude”.Hadfield suggests that we view life the way NASA plans missions： with an attitude.Unexpected factors may change your path， but with the proper mindset， they won’t change your course.
And， he classifies team members into three groups： Plus-ones （the high-performers），Zeroes and Minus-ones （Liabilities 惹麻烦的人）.Hadfield encourages people to be Zeroes because they listen， learn， and contribute without conflict.Zeroes help build consensus （共识） in a group and have the potential to be plus-one performers.
Meanwhile， Hadfield said it’s important for astronauts to pay attention to even the small things as ignoring them could be dangerous.We can overcome our fears by learning as much as we can about them.So， we should prepare for situations that we know will make us anxious.Hadfield also suggests that we imagine what could go wrong as a way to be better prepared.
32.What’s the purpose of mentioning Chris Hadfield’s space experience in the first paragraph？（ ）
A.To explain how astronauts work in space.
B.To bring up the topic of space psychology.
C.To attract readers to know more about spacewalks.
D.To show Hadfield’s excellent performance in space.
33.Why does the author think space psychology is important to us？（ ）
A.Space psychology can greatly help us deal with life challenges.
B.Without space psychology， we couldn’t get to the Moon， Mars and beyond.
C.With space psychology， our course won’t be changed by unexpected factors.
D.Equipped with space psychology， astronauts can deal with any emergency calmly.
34.What kind of person does the underlined word “Zeroes” refer to in paragraph 4？（ ）
A.The average-performers.
B.Those who achieve nothing.
C.Capable workers who don’t cause problems.
D.Those who are always popular and get along well with others.
35.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（ ）
A.It is easy for astronauts to ignore small things.
B.If you know well enough about fears， you will not feel anxious.
C.To get fully prepared， it is the best way to imagine what could go wrong.
D.It’s important to focus on the small details and get ready for anxious situations.
第二节（共5小题； 每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Influential people have a great impact on everyone they encounter.Yet， they achieve this only because they exercise so much influence from inside， on themselves.Their focused pursuit of excellence is driven by five habits that you can follow and absorb until your influence expands：
They think for themselves.
Influential people aren’t affected by the latest trend or public opinion.36.（ ） They’re more than willing to change their mind according to facts， but they aren’t influenced by what other people think， only by what they know.
They welcome disagreement.
Influential people do not react emotionally to different opinions.37.（ ） They’re humble enough to know that they don’t know everything and that someone else might see something they missed.And if that person is right， they accept the idea wholeheartedly because they care more about the result than being right.
They are proactive （主动的）.
Influential people don’t wait for things like new ideas and new technologies to find them； they seek those things out.38.（ ） They see what’s coming because they intentionally look for it.
They respond rather than react.
If someone criticizes an influential person for making a mistake， or if someone else makes a mistake， influential people don’t react immediately and emotionally.They wait.They think.39.（ ） Influential people know how important relationships are， and they won’t let an emotional overreaction harm theirs.
They believe.
40.（ ） They believe in their power to achieve their dreams， and they believe others share that same power.They believe that nothing is out of reach.
A.Instead， they welcome them.
B.And then they deliver a proper response.
C.Influential people always expect the best.
D.They’re influential because they see what’s coming.
E.They form their opinions carefully， based on the facts.
F.They never believe that one person can change the world.
G.They fight back against these critics as hard as they could.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Some time ago， I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon” for charity.In the hours before midnight， with 41 music， energetic warm-up activities and enthusiastic organisers exciting the crowds， groups of friends 42 and prepared for 10-hour walks through the streets.
The good news was that I’d trained， gradually 43 the length of my walks before the event.I had comfortable walking shoes.I had full 44 that I could properly deal with the physical demands ahead.But I was to discover that it was the mental 45 that were the most difficult.With thousands of people around， I didn’t have a（n） 46 to talk to.All of these made a very 47 and lonely 10-hour walk.By 5 am， I was extremely 48 .The only thing I had to keep me taking one step after another towards the 49 was my own thoughts.
My “Moonwalk” experience taught me that while it could be 50 to have people around to coach and 51 you when you are feeling like giving up， the only person with you is yourself.You will encounter various kinds of difficulties in life， so you must train yourself to face the difficulties 52 .
By the way， I did 53 the “Moonwalk Marathon”.When I 54 my medal， I felt a huge sense of achievement.I realized that one’s mindset could be so different between giving up and 55 your goals.
41.A.inspiring B.comforting C.classical D.light
42.A.called up B.held up C.looked up D.met up
43.A.shortening B.limiting C.determining D.increasing
44.A.function B.confidence C.satisfaction D.promise
45.A.ages B.conflicts C.requirements D.benefits
46.A.stranger B.partner C.competitor D.neighbour
47.A.heartbreaking B.wild C.challenging D.proper
48.A.bored B.delighted C.hesitant D.tired
49.A.finish B.passage C.audience D.exit
50.A.safe B.helpful C.unique D.tough
51.A.attract B.ignore C.support D.respect
52.A.regularly B.definitely C.understandingly D.independently
53.A.change B.complete C.choose D.miss
54.A.picked up B.accounted for C.put up D.hoped for
55.A.achieving B.setting C.adjusting D.seeking
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists at the international conservation charity Zoological Society of London （ZSL） have used historical records from China stretching back over 400 years 56. （track） changes in the distribution of gibbons （长臂猿）， which today are some of China’s most 57. （threaten） species.This is one of the first instances 58. use ancient historical records to reconstruct the course of extinctions across several centuries.
59. （use） local government records dating from as early as 1600 AD， the researchers were able to infer the former presence of gibbons in different regions.They found that only a few hundred years ago， gibbons 60. （distribute） across almost half of China.61. ， gibbon populations collapsed during the 20th century， and today they survive in only a few remote forests.One of China’s gibbon species， the Hainan gibbon， is now probably the 62. （rare） mammal species in the world， 63. a total population of only 26－28 individuals.
Dr Samuel Turvey， senior research fellow at ZSL， said： “China has a fantastically rich historical record， including 64. wealth of environmental data that has rarely been used for conservation 65. （manage）.Because of the current global environmental crisis， we have to explore new ways to better understand the kinds of factors that put species in danger of extinction.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校英文报就What leads to success？发起讨论。请你写一篇英语短文投稿参与讨论，内容包括：
（1）你认为一个人取得成功最重要的因素是什么；
（2）举例说明。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
What leads to success？
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Teenage girl， Alice Hardson was the cherished daughter of the Hardsons， Tom and Mary， who， though not wealthy， were honest and hard-working.Tom worked as an accountant， while Mary was a cashier at a local supermarket.Despite their modest income， they stressed in family the values of integrity， perseverance， and a love for learning.
Alice was a bright and talented girl with a particular passion for writing.She loved to weave stories and express her thoughts through words.One day， Alice met with an advertisement for The Scholastic Workshop， a renowned （有名的） student writing camp with a wide range of categories， including writing techniques， taking seminars on essay improvement， meeting published writers， and a writing contest， with the biggest prize being 1，000 dollars.
The thought of participating filled Alice with both excitement and worry.She knew she had the talent， but the fear of failure discouraged her.Alice’s teacher， Mr White， knew well about her talent in writing and encouraged her to pursue her dream.He also knew clearly what the girl was worried about.He decided to have a heart-to-heart conversation with her.“Alice，” Mr White said genuinely， “there might be problems， but your writing is a gift， and you should share it with the world.”
Alice’s eyes welled up with tears.“But what if I fail？ What if they laugh at me？” Mr White placed a reassuring hand on her shoulder.“Failure is a part of life， Alice.It’s how we learn and grow.And even if they laugh， remember that your words have the power to touch hearts and change minds.”
Back home， Alice told her parents about the program and gained their support， with which Alice was a little more relieved.She registered for the workshop as required and got admitted successfully.Thrilled and nervous， she went to the workshop managed by the Rockerfeller University.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Everything went well there， except for the contest.
Informed of the result， Alice couldn’t wait to share it with Mr White.
单元质量检测（二） SUCCESS
第一部分
1－5 ACCCB 6－10 ABAAB
11－15 ABCCC 16－20 BBCBB
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：Hello， this is Susan Howard.May I speak to my son， please？
M：I’m sorry.He’s still out on his duty delivering letters.Shall I take a message？
（Text 2）
W：I’m sorry I’m late.
M：Oh， that’s all right.I just wondered what was keeping you.The traffic？
W：No， it was the bus I took.I took the wrong one.That was a disaster for me.
（Text 3）
W：I’m sorry， but I can’t find the book you lent to me.
M：Oh， that’s all right.
W：I must apologize.I’ll buy you a new one tomorrow.
M：No， please don’t.I couldn’t let you do that.It’s an old book.Just let it go.
（Text 4）
W：What time do you start working？
M：I work from 9 to 3.Then I start again at 5：30 and work until 10：30， six days a week.
W：And do you have to work at the weekend？
M：Oh， yes， that’s our busiest time.
（Text 5）
W：Did you go on a trip alone or with your friends last month？
M：I was planning to go with Jeff and Richard， but they both couldn’t spare the time.
W：What did you do with your dog while you were away？
M：Oh， Tom is a good traveler， as long as he gets a chance to play.
（Text 6）
W：Excuse me.How much do you want for this bowl？
M：Don’t move it.It’s easy to break.That’s one piece of outstanding glass in perfect shape.It’s worth 150 dollars.
W：Oh， I couldn’t possibly pay that much.
M：Hold on， lady.I said it was worth 150 dollars but I can give it to you for only 120 dollars.
W：I’ll give you 60 dollars.
M：60！ Come on， lady.You’ve got to be kidding.I paid more than that for it myself.Take it for 90 dollars.I can’t go any lower than that.
W：Well， maybe I could give you 80 dollars.
M：OK.Let me wrap it up for you.There you are， lady， a real bargain.
（Text 7）
M：Time to eat！
W：I’m starving.Oh， what’s that？ Where is Mom？
M：Now， Mom put me in charge of dinner tonight.
W：But what is it？ What’s the smell？
M：It’s pizza.I just followed an old family recipe here.
W：Let me see.Oh， Dad.You’re missing a page！
M：Well， I couldn’t find the second page of the recipe， but don’t worry.I have plenty of experience around the house.
W：That’s not what Mom said.
M：Here let us try a piece first.This is great.
W：Dad， you put a little too much salt in it.Besides， it’s burned.And what’s that？
M：That’s just part of my own recipe.I added some pumpkin.
W：Oh， not another one of your surprises.Pumpkin doesn’t go with pizza！
（Text 8）
M：Laura， what was your first job？
W：The first job I had was a sales assistant in a shoe shop.When I was fifteen， I got my first job and I used to work every Saturday for 8 hours a day and I used to earn 1.5 pounds per hour.
M：It doesn’t sound like very much.
W：No， so in England now， the minimum may be 5 pounds.
M：Oh， wow！ So how long did you work at this job？
W：I worked all together in three different shoe shops.In the first one I worked for a year and then it closed down.After that they moved me to another one， the same company.Three months later they moved me to a new shoe shop because they were short of hands.But half a year later I left my job when I had to study for my exams at school.
（Text 9）
W：Oh， where are we going？
M：I want to show you something.
W：I know， but what is it？
M：A farm.It’s just down this road.It’s a small place， but at least it would be our own.
W：A farm？ How can we afford to buy a farm？
M：It isn’t large， only 1 acre.We wouldn’t have to pay very much right now.
W：Is there a house on the farm？
M：A small one， two bedrooms， but it needs to be fixed up a little.I can do the job myself.
W：OK.Is there enough space for a kitchen garden？
M：There is about half an acre behind the house.That’s plenty of space.We can probably grow a lot of our own food.
W：What are you thinking about growing？
M：Well， it really isn’t big enough for corn.I thought we might try to raise a crop of potatoes.
W：Do we have enough money to get all of these？
M：I think we’ve saved enough.We can also ask John about the money he borrowed from us.
（Text 10）
W：Good morning， boys and girls.As we know， in the past years our school held many competitions successfully every year， like Singing Competition and Dancing Competition.In fact I do know most of the students will want to have the Reading Competition as was held last year.But， now we’ll have something that may be much more fun.It’s the Pet Competition！ Well， in fact， it aims at letting all students know the importance of loving animals.Nowadays， too many people can’t treat animals so well.They do not think carefully before getting a pet.
At the competition， you will not be disappointed because our teachers will not give you boring lessons to ask you to love animals.Instead， we can all learn something from a relaxing environment.There’s a dog beauty contest and we will choose the best dog.The competition will be based on the dogs’ ability.Unfortunately this competition is not open to your pets this year.Our school has selected five dogs for this competition.That means， we can just sit back and enjoy.So please come to join this event and vote for your favorite dogs！ How can you afford to miss such an educational and fun event of the year？
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位年轻的热门科学家，包括他们的基本信息和主要研究方向等。
21.D 细节理解题。根据Rizia Bardhan部分第二句可知，微型机器人有可能被用来治疗目前无法治愈的疾病。
22.B 细节理解题。根据Heather Knight部分最后两句可知，Heather Knight研究的目的在于教会机器人幽默。
23.A 细节理解题。根据Jeremy England部分第二句可知，Jeremy England正在研究关于基础生物学背后的物理学的新想法，说明他的研究与物理学相关。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Frederick McKinley Jones的生平和成就。
24.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的He returned ...automobile mechanics.可知，Jones在十几岁的时候学会了汽车修理。
25.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was on the Hallock farm that Jones educated himself further in electronics.可知，Jones在明尼苏达州的一个农场自学电子学。
26.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句以及第四段前两句可推知，Jones是有天赋和富有创新精神的。
27.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句，再结合上文提到的Jones获得的成就可推知，文章的主要目的是庆祝Jones的发明和成就。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了挑战奖。挑战奖是一种奖励，它鼓励人们创造性地解决问题。
28.C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，挑战奖与其他奖项的区别是它具有前瞻性。
29.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，挑战奖的优势是它吸引了尽可能多的发明家。
30.D 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，最初的经度奖的目的是解决航行中一个紧迫的问题。
31.A 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了挑战奖。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段可知，挑战奖将会让整个社会成为最大的赢家，所以A项（人人共赢）为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过加拿大宇航员Chris Hadfield的太空经历，介绍了太空心理学的重要性，并提出了应对生活挑战的心理策略。
32.B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，提及Chris Hadfield的太空经历是为了引出太空心理学这一话题。
33.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Clearly， space psychology ...challenges in our lives.可知，太空心理学对于我们很重要，因为它能极大地帮助我们应对生活中的挑战。
34.C 词义猜测题。根据第四段最后两句可知，“零”指的是那些能够倾听、学习、贡献而不引起冲突的人，即有能力的工作者，不会制造麻烦。
35.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的We can overcome ...a way to be better prepared.可知，关注细节并为焦虑的情况做准备是很重要的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有影响力的人所拥有的五个习惯。36.E 根据该段小标题They think for themselves.可知，该段主要讲述了有影响力的人会独立思考，E项（他们会根据事实谨慎地形成自己的观点）符合语境。E项中的opinions与该空前的opinion为原词复现，且E项中的facts与该空后的facts也为原词复现。
37.A 根据该段小标题They welcome disagreement.和该空前一句可知，该段主要讲述了有影响力的人不会情绪化地对待不同的意见，而是会虚心接纳它们，A项（相反，他们会欣然接受这些意见）符合语境。A项中的welcome与该段小标题中的welcome为原词复现，且A项中的them指代该空前的different opinions。
38.D 根据该空前的Influential people don’t wait for things like new ideas and new technologies to find them； they seek those things out.可知，有影响力的人不会坐等新想法和新科技去找他们，而是会主动提出新想法、创造新科技，D项（他们有影响力是因为他们能预见未来）符合语境。D项中的they see what’s coming与该空后的They see what’s coming because ...相呼应。
39.B 根据该空前的If someone criticizes an influential person ...react immediately and emotionally.They wait.They think.可知，有影响力的人不会贸然应对他人的批评或错误，他们会三思而后行，B项（然后他们会做出合适的回应）符合语境。B项中的response与该段小标题中的respond相呼应。
40.C 根据该空后的They believe in their power to achieve their dreams ...They believe that nothing is out of reach.可知，有影响力的人信心十足，他们相信自己的力量，也相信别人的力量，相信没有什么是遥不可及的，C项（有影响力的人总是往最好的方面去想）符合语境。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加慈善活动“月光行走马拉松”的亲身经历和感受，并从中领悟到面对困难要依靠自己的道理。
41.A 根据空后的energetic warm-up activities和exciting the crowds可推知，激发人群的热情需要鼓舞人心的音乐和充满活力的热身活动。inspiring鼓舞人心的；comforting安慰的；classical古典的；light轻的。
42.D 根据空前的groups of friends和空后的prepared for 10-hour walks through the streets可知，一群朋友聚在一起，准备参加马拉松。call up打电话；hold up举起；look up查阅；meet up聚会，相约见面。
43.D 根据空前的I’d trained和空后的the length of my walks before the event可知，作者在比赛前进行了训练，逐渐增加行走的长度。shorten缩短；limit限制；determine决定；increase增加。
44.B 根据空后的I could properly deal with the physical demands ahead可知，作者对自己能够应对接下来的身体挑战充满信心。function功能；confidence信心；satisfaction满意；promise承诺。
45.C 根据上句和空前的But I was to discover可推知，作者对自己的体能有信心，但发现最难的是精神上的要求。age年龄；conflict冲突；requirement要求；benefit好处。
46.B 根据下句可推知，大家都是独自前行，没有可以交谈的伙伴。stranger陌生人；partner伙伴；competitor竞争者；neighbour邻居。
47.C 根据上句和空后的lonely 10-hour walk可推知，这次整整10小时的孤独步行对作者来说很有挑战性。heartbreaking令人心碎的；wild狂野的；challenging具有挑战性的；proper适当的。
48.D 根据上半句By 5 am和下句中的The only thing I had to keep me taking one step after another可知，作者走到了凌晨5点，此时感到极其疲惫。bored无聊的；delighted高兴的；hesitant犹豫的；tired疲惫的。
49.A 根据第一段中的I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon” for charity和空前的keep me taking one step after another towards可知，作者一步一步走向“月光行走马拉松”的终点。finish终点；passage通道；audience观众；exit出口。
50.B 根据空后的have people around to coach ...like giving up可知，在要放弃时有人指导和帮助是很有帮助的。safe安全的；helpful有帮助的；unique独特的；tough艰苦的。
51.C 根据空后的when you are feeling like giving up可推知，在要放弃时有人指导和支持。attract吸引；ignore忽视；support支持；respect尊重。
52.D 上句中的the only person with you is yourself强调了自己才是关键，所以要学会独立面对困难。regularly定期地；definitely明确地；understandingly理解地；independently独立地。
53.B 根据下句可知，作者完成了“月光行走马拉松”并获得了奖牌。change改变；complete完成；choose选择；miss错过。
54.A 根据空后的my medal，I felt a huge sense of achievement可推知，作者拿起奖牌时感到很有成就感。pick up拿起；account for说明（原因等）；put up张贴；hope for希望。
55.A 根据空前的I realized that one’s mindset could be so different between giving up and可推知，作者意识到放弃和实现目标之间心态的重要性。achieving实现；setting设置；adjusting调整；seeking寻求。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们利用中国长达400多年的历史记录来追踪长臂猿分布的变化，揭示了几个世纪以来物种灭绝的过程。
56.to track 考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦动物学会（ZSL）的国际保护慈善组织科学家利用中国400多年来的历史记录追踪长臂猿分布的变化，如今长臂猿是中国一些最濒危的物种之一。空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了追踪长臂猿分布的变化”。故填to track。
57.threatened 考查形容词。句意见上题解析。根据空前的most可知，空处应用形容词，构成形容词的最高级，作定语修饰后面的名词。threatened为形容词“受到威胁的”。故填threatened。
58.that 考查定语从句。句意：这是首批利用古代历史记录重建几个世纪以来灭绝过程的例子之一。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为instances。先行词指物，在从句中作主语，且关系词前面有序数词修饰，所以只能用关系代词tha引导该从句。故填that。
59.Using 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用从公元1600年就有的地方政府记录，能够推断出长臂猿在不同地区的存在。空处应用非谓语动词形式作状语，该动词与逻辑主语the researchers构成主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Using。
60.were distributed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他们发现，就在几百年前，长臂猿还分布在中国近一半的地区。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语a few hundred years ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语gibbons与distribute构成被动关系，且主语为复数名词。故填were distributed。
61.However 考查副词。句意：然而，长臂猿种群在20世纪崩溃，如今它们仅存活于少数偏远森林中。根据上下文语境可知，空处应用副词however表示转折，意为“然而”，在句中作状语。句首单词首字母要大写，故填However。
62.rarest 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国的长臂猿物种之一——海南长臂猿，现在可能是世界上最稀有的哺乳动物物种，总数量仅为26－28只。根据句意和空格前的定冠词the以及in the world可知，空处应用形容词最高级，表示“世界上最稀有的物种”。故填rarest。
63.with 考查介词。句意见上题解析。根据空后的a total population of only 26－28 individuals可知，空处应用介词with，表示“有”，构成介词短语在句中作状语。故填with。
64.a 考查冠词。句意伦敦动物学会的高级研究员塞缪尔·特维博士说：“中国有着极其丰富的历史记录，其中包括大量很少用于保护管理的环境数据。”a wealth of意为“大量的，丰富的”。故填a。
65.management 考查名词。句意见上题解析。空处应用名词作介词for的宾语，management 意为“管理”。故填management。
第四部分
第一节
What leads to success？
There is no denying that a variety of factors contribute to one’s personal success， such as talent， luck， education， and hard work.It seems to me that hard work plays the most important role in one’s achieving success.
Let me give you an example to demonstrate my point.Lang Lang is arguably one of the most well-known pianists in the world.Needless to say， he has a special gift for music.However， never should we ignore the fact that he practiced playing the piano for eight hours a day when he was very young.Fundamentally speaking， it was his hard work that made him stand out from the crowd and win a position on the world stage.
If you want to succeed， just work hard.The harder you work， the luckier you will be.
第二节
Everything went well there， except for the contest.On the day of the writing contest， Alice found herself feeling anxious.She spent hours writing and rewriting her piece， doubting her abilities with each word penned.Despite her fears， she submitted her work and left the room with a heavy heart， convinced she had not done her best.However， during the announcement of the results， Alice was stunned to hear her name called as the winner.The audience’s applause was a warm embrace， shattering her doubt and filling her with a newfound confidence.Informed of the result， Alice couldn’t wait to share it with Mr White.Running into his classroom， she found him reviewing papers.“Mr White！” she exclaimed breathlessly， “I won the contest！” Seeing the joy on her face， Mr White smiled widely， his eyes twinkling with pride.“I knew you could do it， Alice.This is just the beginning for you.Always remember the power of your words.” Encouraged by his belief in her， Alice felt even more motivated to pursue her writing passion， knowing she had people who believed in her talent.
11 / 11(共113张PPT)
单元质量检测（二） SUCCESS
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，
你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读
一遍。
1. What does the woman’s son do most probably？（ ）
A. A postman. B. A policeman. C. A guard.
√
2. Why is the woman late？（ ）
A. The traffic was heavy.
B. The bus broke down.
C. She took the wrong bus.
√
3. What do we know from the conversation？（ ）
A. The woman lost her new book.
B. The man will buy a new book.
C. The man doesn’t care about the book.
4. How long does the man work every week？（ ）
A. For 50 hours.
B. For 55 hours.
C. For 66 hours.
√
√
5. Who travelled with the man last month？（ ）
A. Jeff and Richard.
B. The man’s dog.
C. No one.
√
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听
完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Where does this conversation probably take place？（ ）
A. In a store.
B. In a restaurant.
C. In a museum.
√
7. How much does the woman pay for the bowl？（ ）
A. 60 dollars. B. 80 dollars. C. 90 dollars.
√
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why didn’t the father follow the old family recipe？（ ）
A. One page is missing.
B. He has his own recipe.
C. He can’t find the recipe.
9. What does the girl think of the pizza？（ ）
A. Terrible. B. Tasty. C. Unusual.
√
√
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How much did Laura earn a day for her first job？（ ）
A. 8 pounds. B. 12 pounds. C. 40 pounds.
11. Why did Laura leave her first job？（ ）
A. The shoe shop closed down.
B. She had to study for her exams.
C. A new shoe shop was short of hands.
√
√
12. How long did Laura work in the shoe shops all together？（ ）
A. For 18 months.
B. For 21 months.
C. For two years.
√
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What do we know about the house？（ ）
A. It is large.
B. It has one bedroom.
C. It needs fixing.
14. What is the man planning to buy？（ ）
A. A garden. B. A house. C. A farm.
15. What does the man suggest the woman growing？（ ）
A. Corn. B. Rice. C. Potatoes.
√
√
√
16. How do they get the money？（ ）
A. They will get a bank loan.
B. They have saved enough.
C. They will borrow from friends.
√
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which competition was held last year？（ ）
A. Singing Competition.
B. Reading Competition.
C. Dancing Competition.
18. What is the purpose of the Pet Competition？（ ）
A. To help students select suitable pets.
B. To teach students how to look after pets.
C. To tell students loving animals is important.
√
√
19. What will be at the Pet Competition？（ ）
A. A lesson on dogs.
B. A dog beauty contest.
C. A dog’s ability test.
√
20. What do we know about the Pet Competition？（ ）
A. Students will bring their pets.
B. Students can vote for the dogs.
C. Students need to pay for the competition.
√
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：Hello， this is Susan Howard.May I speak to my son， please？
M：I’m sorry.He’s still out on his duty delivering letters.Shall I take a
message？
（Text 2）
W：I’m sorry I’m late.
M：Oh， that’s all right.I just wondered what was keeping you.The
traffic？
W：No， it was the bus I took.I took the wrong one.That was a disaster
for me.
（Text 3）
W：I’m sorry， but I can’t find the book you lent to me.
M：Oh， that’s all right.
W：I must apologize.I’ll buy you a new one tomorrow.
M：No， please don’t.I couldn’t let you do that.It’s an old
book.Just let it go.
（Text 4）
W：What time do you start working？
M：I work from 9 to 3.Then I start again at 5：30 and work until 10：
30， six days a week.
W：And do you have to work at the weekend？
M：Oh， yes， that’s our busiest time.
（Text 5）
W：Did you go on a trip alone or with your friends last month？
M：I was planning to go with Jeff and Richard， but they both couldn’t
spare the time.
W：What did you do with your dog while you were away？
M：Oh， Tom is a good traveler， as long as he gets a chance to play.
（Text 6）
W：Excuse me.How much do you want for this bowl？
M：Don’t move it.It’s easy to break.That’s one piece of outstanding
glass in perfect shape.It’s worth 150 dollars.
W：Oh， I couldn’t possibly pay that much.
M：Hold on， lady.I said it was worth 150 dollars but I can give it to you
for only 120 dollars.
W：I’ll give you 60 dollars.
M：60！ Come on， lady.You’ve got to be kidding.I paid more than
that for it myself.Take it for 90 dollars.I can’t go any lower than that.
W：Well， maybe I could give you 80 dollars.
M：OK. Let me wrap it up for you.There you are， lady， a real
bargain.
（Text 7）
M：Time to eat！
W：I’m starving.Oh， what’s that？ Where is Mom？
M：Now， Mom put me in charge of dinner tonight.
W：But what is it？ What’s the smell？
M：It’s pizza.I just followed an old family recipe here.
W：Let me see.Oh， Dad.You’re missing a page！
M：Well， I couldn’t find the second page of the recipe， but don’t
worry.I have plenty of experience around the house.
W：That’s not what Mom said.
M：Here let us try a piece first.This is great.
W：Dad， you put a little too much salt in it.Besides， it’s burned.And
what’s that？
M：That’s just part of my own recipe.I added some pumpkin.
W：Oh， not another one of your surprises.Pumpkin doesn’t go with
pizza！
（Text 8）
M：Laura， what was your first job？
W：The first job I had was a sales assistant in a shoe shop.When I was
fifteen， I got my first job and I used to work every Saturday for 8 hours a
day and I used to earn 1.5 pounds per hour.
M：It doesn’t sound like very much.
W：No， so in England now， the minimum may be 5 pounds.
M：Oh， wow！ So how long did you work at this job？
W：I worked all together in three different shoe shops.In the first one I
worked for a year and then it closed down.After that they moved me to
another one， the same company.Three months later they moved me to a
new shoe shop because they were short of hands.But half a year later I left
my job when I had to study for my exams at school.
（Text 9）
W：Oh， where are we going？
M：I want to show you something.
W：I know， but what is it？
M：A farm.It’s just down this road.It’s a small place， but at least it
would be our own.
W：A farm？ How can we afford to buy a farm？
M：It isn’t large， only 1 acre.We wouldn’t have to pay very much
right now.
W：Is there a house on the farm？
M：A small one， two bedrooms， but it needs to be fixed up a little.I
can do the job myself.
W：OK. Is there enough space for a kitchen garden？
M：There is about half an acre behind the house.That’s plenty of
space.We can probably grow a lot of our own food.
W：What are you thinking about growing？
M：Well， it really isn’t big enough for corn.I thought we might try to
raise a crop of potatoes.
W：Do we have enough money to get all of these？
M：I think we’ve saved enough.We can also ask John about the money
he borrowed from us.
（Text 10）
W：Good morning， boys and girls.As we know， in the past years
our school held many competitions successfully every year， like Singing
Competition and Dancing Competition.In fact I do know most of the
students will want to have the Reading Competition as was held last
year.But， now we’ll have something that may be much more fun.It’s
the Pet Competition！ Well， in fact， it aims at letting all students know
the importance of loving animals.Nowadays， too many people can’t
treat animals so well.They do not think carefully before getting a pet.
At the competition， you will not be disappointed because our
teachers will not give you boring lessons to ask you to love animals.Instead， we can all learn something from a relaxing environment.There’s a dog beauty contest and we will choose the best
dog.The competition will be based on the dogs’ ability.Unfortunately
this competition is not open to your pets this year.Our school has selected
five dogs for this competition.That means， we can just sit back and
enjoy.So please come to join this event and vote for your favorite dogs！
How can you afford to miss such an educational and fun event of the year？
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
There are many famous scientists in the world， some of whom are
very young.Here are four hot young scientists working right now to change
the world.
Rizia Bardhan is 29 and a post doctor at Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab.Her research mainly deals with amazing possibilities of micro robots
that can be used to cure diseases which are now untreatable.In an
interview， she said that when she thought of science， she would think of
major problems that she could help to solve.
Rizia Bardhan
Heather Knight
Heather Knight， the 28-year-old Chief Executive of the Marilyn
Monrobot company， is performing new applications for robotics by
casting her shows with robots.She considers humor to be one of the most
important human features.Therefore， if she can teach humor to robots，
they will be able to better connect with humans.
Imre Bartos
Imre Bartos is a 29-year-old Columbia University graduate
student.As one of the young minds， he is remarkable enough to drive
others crazy with envy.He studies everything from the formation of black
holes to the physics of how mosquito eyes see the world.In the paper
Hunting Black Holes with a Gas Cloud， he explains that a gas cloud
meeting a black hole in its path will be partially eaten by the black
hole.His task is to check the X-rays that are given off during the process.
Jeremy England
Jeremy England is a 36-year-old professor at MIT， a school that is
known for its young genius.He is working right now on new ideas about
the physics behind basic biology.He says that he wants to make sense of
life at the molecular （分子的） level.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位年轻的热门科学
家，包括他们的基本信息和主要研究方向等。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位年轻的热门科学
家，包括他们的基本信息和主要研究方向等。
21. What might be used to cure the untreatable disease？（ ）
A. Atoms. B. X-rays.
C. Basic biology. D. Micro robots.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Rizia Bardhan部分第二句可知，微型机
器人有可能被用来治疗目前无法治愈的疾病。
√
22. What’s Heather Knight’s aim？（ ）
A. To make new inventions.
B. To teach humor to robots.
C. To make it easier to communicate.
D. To make robots learn to show.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Heather Knight部分最后两句可知，
Heather Knight研究的目的在于教会机器人幽默。
√
23. Whose study shows new ideas about physics？（ ）
A. Jeremy England. B. Rizia Bardhan.
C. Imre Bartos. D. Heather Knight.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Jeremy England部分第二句可知，
Jeremy England正在研究关于基础生物学背后的物理学的新想法，说
明他的研究与物理学相关。
√
B
Frederick McKinley Jones was born in Cincinnati， Ohio， on May
17， 1893.By the time Frederick was 7 years old， his father sent young
Jones to live with a priest （牧师） in Kentucky.In 1904， Jones ran
away to feed himself.He returned to Cincinnati and worked as an entrance
guard in a garage where he developed a skill for automobile mechanics.He
became a leader of the shop.At the age of 19， he landed in Hallock，
Minnesota， where he obtained a job doing mechanical work on a farm.
Jones had a talent for and an interest in mechanics.He read widely on
the subject and educated himself in his spare time.By the time he was
twenty， Jones was able to get an engineering license in Minnesota.He
served in the U. S. Army during World War Ⅰ where he was often called
upon to make repairs to machines and other equipment.
After the war， he returned to the farm.It was on the Hallock farm
that Jones educated himself further in electronics.He built a transmitter
（发射机） for the new radio station to broadcast its programming.He
also developed a device to combine moving pictures with sound.
Jones continued to expand his interests in the 1930s.He designed and
patented a portable air-cooling unit for trucks carrying perishable （易腐烂
的） food.Forming a partnership with Numero， Jones founded the U. S.
Thermo Control Company.The company grew rapidly during World War
Ⅱ， helping to preserve blood， medicine and food.
Over the course of his career， Jones received more than 60
patents.He was recognized for his achievements both during his lifetime
and after his death.Jones died of lung cancer in Minneapolis，
Minnesota， on February 21， 1961.He was chosen into the Minnesota
Inventors Hall of Fame in 1977.In 1991， then — President George H.
W. Bush awarded the National Medal of Technology to Numero and Jones
at a ceremony held in the White House Rose Garden.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Frederick McKinley
Jones的生平和成就。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Frederick McKinley
Jones的生平和成就。
24. What did Jones do in his early teens？（ ）
A. He fed animals at home.
B. He read a lot about mechanics.
C. He served as a guard in a church.
D. He picked up car mechanics.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的He returned ...automobile
mechanics.可知，Jones在十几岁的时候学会了汽车修理。
√
25. Where did Jones further study electronics on his own？（ ）
A. In his hometown.
B. In a farm in Minnesota.
C. In a garage in Cincinnati.
D. In the White House Rose Garden.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was on the Hallock farm that
Jones educated himself further in electronics.可知，Jones在明尼苏达州
的一个农场自学电子学。
√
26. Which words can best describe Jones？（ ）
A. Patriotic and adventurous.
B. Gifted and innovative.
C. Optimistic and generous.
D. Reliable and responsible.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句以及第四段前两句可推
知，Jones是有天赋和富有创新精神的。
√
27. What is the purpose of writing this text？（ ）
A. To discuss the history of engineering.
B. To tell an imaginary story about Jones.
C. To celebrate Jones’ inventions and achievements.
D. To introduce the U. S. Thermo Control Company.
解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句，再结合上文提到的Jones
获得的成就可推知，文章的主要目的是庆祝Jones的发明和成就。
√
C
The Oscars.The Booker prize.The Nobels.These awards are all
backward-looking， celebrating past achievements.But there is another
type of award， one that looks to the future — a challenge prize.Such
prizes don’t recognise past successes； rather， they inspire future ones.
The idea is simple： a challenge is selected — with a clear-cut
target — and a jackpot （赌注） is offered to whoever first reaches that
goal.Examples include the Longitude （经度） prize on antimicrobial
resistance （AMR） （耐药性）， which has just awarded ￡8 million to
Sysmex Astrego for its PA-100 AST System， a rapid diagnostic test that
could transform the treatment of urinary tract infections （泌尿道感染）
and so help tackle the rise of AMR.
The challenge prize format has a lot to offer.By opening the field to
the widest possible pool of inventors， it can inspire countless potential
solutions to a problem.These prizes also have the power to solve some of
the most pressing problems of the time.
Consider the original Longitude prize， launched in 1714 to tackle the
greatest scientific challenge of that century： how to effectively measure
longitude at sea.Without the ability to do this， many ships lost their way
and sank， so the British government established a prize of ￡20，000 to
award whoever could solve the problem.
The challenge was met by John Harrison for his chronometer.This
seafaring （航海） clock kept time to within 5 seconds on a rolling ship on
a transatlantic voyage.This allowed sailors to determine their exact
position， leading to safer shipping and opening up global trade routes.
Later， a 12，000-franc contest to find ways of preserving food for
Napoleon’s army led to the invention of tinned food.More recent
challenge prizes have focused on suborbital spaceflight， driverless cars
and robotics.
The Longitude prize on AMR attracted some 250 entries， so it is
thrilling now.A decade after the award was launched in 2014， Sysmex
Astrego’s system has won.The firm will receive millions， but it won’t
be the only beneficiary； it is society that will be an even bigger winner.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了挑战奖。挑战奖是
一种奖励，它鼓励人们创造性地解决问题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了挑战奖。挑战奖是
一种奖励，它鼓励人们创造性地解决问题。
28. What distinguishes a challenge prize from other awards？（ ）
A. It has simpler rules.
B. It offers prize money.
C. It is forward-looking.
D. It is more difficult to get.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，挑战奖与其他奖
项的区别是它具有前瞻性。
√
29. What is an advantage of the challenge prize format according to the
text？（ ）
A. It attracts public attention to the field.
B. It engages as many inventors as possible.
C. It solves as many problems as possible.
D. It offers everyone a chance to be recognized.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，挑战奖的优势是它
吸引了尽可能多的发明家。
√
30. What was the purpose of the original Longitude prize？（ ）
A. To open up global trade routes.
B. To add to the scientific atmosphere.
C. To recognize achievements in sailing.
D. To overcome a pressing problem in sailing.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，最初的经度奖的目的是解
决航行中一个紧迫的问题。
√
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text？（ ）
A. A Win for All B. A Cure for All
C. A Pioneer for All D. A Wonder for All
解析： 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了挑战奖。根据文章内容，尤
其是最后一段可知，挑战奖将会让整个社会成为最大的赢家，所以A
项（人人共赢）为文章最佳标题。
√
D
When Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield looked at Earth， tears
formed in his left eye.Within minutes， using the bridge of his nose like a
waterfall， the tears spilled into his right eye， until he couldn’t
see.Fear should have paralyzed （使……不知所措） Hadfield since he
was blind in space.Instead， Hadfield assessed his surroundings，
evaluated the risk， trusted his training， and continued his spacewalk.Back in the spacecraft， he realized that an anti-fog solution （防雾液） had stimulated his eyes.Luckily， they were fine after a good cleaning.Hadfield returned to Earth with first-hand experience of space psychology in action.
Space psychology， a vital long-term field of study at NASA （美国
宇航局）， which refers to applying psychology to human spaceflight，
is gaining special importance as humans prepare for long-distance space
travel.Clearly， space psychology matters on the journey to the Moon，
Mars and beyond.But it can also help humans greatly as we meet
challenges in our lives.According to Hadfield， we can learn from
astronauts who practice what goes wrong and right， with the following
suggestions.
In the language system used by NASA， attitude refers to a
spacecraft’s positioning in 3D space.To reach a destination， the
spacecraft must be pointed in the right direction.They must have the
correct “attitude”.Hadfield suggests that we view life the way NASA
plans missions： with an attitude.Unexpected factors may change your
path， but with the proper mindset， they won’t change your course.
And， he classifies team members into three groups： Plus-ones
（the high-performers）， and Minus-ones （Liabilities 惹麻
烦的人）.Hadfield encourages people to be Zeroes because they listen，
learn， and contribute without conflict.Zeroes help build consensus （共
识） in a group and have the potential to be plus-one performers.
Zeroes
Meanwhile， Hadfield said it’s important for astronauts to pay
attention to even the small things as ignoring them could be dangerous.We
can overcome our fears by learning as much as we can about them.So，
we should prepare for situations that we know will make us
anxious.Hadfield also suggests that we imagine what could go wrong as a
way to be better prepared.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过加拿大宇航员Chris
Hadfield的太空经历，介绍了太空心理学的重要性，并提出了应对生
活挑战的心理策略。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过加拿大宇航员Chris
Hadfield的太空经历，介绍了太空心理学的重要性，并提出了应对生
活挑战的心理策略。
32. What’s the purpose of mentioning Chris Hadfield’s space
experience in the first paragraph？（ ）
A. To explain how astronauts work in space.
B. To bring up the topic of space psychology.
C. To attract readers to know more about spacewalks.
D. To show Hadfield’s excellent performance in space.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，提及Chris
Hadfield的太空经历是为了引出太空心理学这一话题。
√
33. Why does the author think space psychology is important to us？
（ ）
A. Space psychology can greatly help us deal with life challenges.
B. Without space psychology， we couldn’t get to the Moon， Mars and
beyond.
C. With space psychology， our course won’t be changed by unexpected
factors.
D. Equipped with space psychology， astronauts can deal with any
emergency calmly.
√
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Clearly， space psychology ...
challenges in our lives.可知，太空心理学对于我们很重要，因为它能极大地帮助我们应对生活中的挑战。
34. What kind of person does the underlined word “Zeroes” refer to in
paragraph 4？（ ）
A. The average-performers.
B. Those who achieve nothing.
C. Capable workers who don’t cause problems.
D. Those who are always popular and get along well with others.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第四段最后两句可知，“零”指的是那
些能够倾听、学习、贡献而不引起冲突的人，即有能力的工作者，不
会制造麻烦。
√
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（ ）
A. It is easy for astronauts to ignore small things.
B. If you know well enough about fears， you will not feel anxious.
C. To get fully prepared， it is the best way to imagine what could go
wrong.
D. It’s important to focus on the small details and get ready for anxious
situations.
√
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的We can overcome ...a
way to be better prepared.可知，关注细节并为焦虑的情况做准备
是很重要的。
第二节（共5小题； 每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Influential people have a great impact on everyone they
encounter.Yet， they achieve this only because they exercise so much
influence from inside， on themselves.Their focused pursuit of excellence
is driven by five habits that you can follow and absorb until your influence
expands：
They think for themselves.
Influential people aren’t affected by the latest trend or public
opinion.36.（ ） They’re more than willing to change their mind
according to facts， but they aren’t influenced by what other people
think， only by what they know.
They welcome disagreement.
Influential people do not react emotionally to different opinions.37.
（ ） They’re humble enough to know that they don’t know
everything and that someone else might see something they missed.And if
that person is right， they accept the idea wholeheartedly because they
care more about the result than being right.
They are proactive （主动的）.
Influential people don’t wait for things like new ideas and new
technologies to find them； they seek those things out.38.（ ） They
see what’s coming because they intentionally look for it.
They respond rather than react.
If someone criticizes an influential person for making a mistake， or
if someone else makes a mistake， influential people don’t react
immediately and emotionally.They wait.They think.39.（ ）
Influential people know how important relationships are， and they
won’t let an emotional overreaction harm theirs.
They believe.
40. （ ） They believe in their power to achieve their dreams，
and they believe others share that same power.They believe that nothing is
out of reach.
A. Instead， they welcome them.
B. And then they deliver a proper response.
C. Influential people always expect the best.
D. They’re influential because they see what’s coming.
E. They form their opinions carefully， based on the facts.
F. They never believe that one person can change the world.
G. They fight back against these critics as hard as they could.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有影响力的人所拥有的
五个习惯。
36. E 根据该段小标题They think for themselves.可知，该段主要讲
述了有影响力的人会独立思考，E项（他们会根据事实谨慎地形成自
己的观点）符合语境。E项中的opinions与该空前的opinion为原词复
现，且E项中的facts与该空后的facts也为原词复现。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有影响力的人所拥有的
五个习惯。
37. A 根据该段小标题They welcome disagreement.和该空前一句可
知，该段主要讲述了有影响力的人不会情绪化地对待不同的意见，而
是会虚心接纳它们，A项（相反，他们会欣然接受这些意见）符合语
境。A项中的welcome与该段小标题中的welcome为原词复现，且A项
中的them指代该空前的different opinions。
38. D 根据该空前的Influential people don’t wait for things like new
ideas and new technologies to find them； they seek those things out.可
知，有影响力的人不会坐等新想法和新科技去找他们，而是会主动提
出新想法、创造新科技，D项（他们有影响力是因为他们能预见未
来）符合语境。D项中的they see what’s coming与该空后的They see
what’s coming because ...相呼应。
39. B 根据该空前的If someone criticizes an influential person ...react
immediately and emotionally.They wait.They think.可知，有影响力的
人不会贸然应对他人的批评或错误，他们会三思而后行，B项（然后
他们会做出合适的回应）符合语境。B项中的response与该段小标题中
的respond相呼应。
40. C 根据该空后的They believe in their power to achieve their
dreams ...They believe that nothing is out of reach.可知，有影响
力的人信心十足，他们相信自己的力量，也相信别人的力量，相
信没有什么是遥不可及的，C项（有影响力的人总是往最好的方面
去想）符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
Some time ago， I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon” for
charity.In the hours before midnight， with 41 music， energetic
warm-up activities and enthusiastic organisers exciting the crowds，
groups of friends 42 and prepared for 10-hour walks through the
streets.
The good news was that I’d trained， gradually 43 the length of
my walks before the event.I had comfortable walking shoes.I had
full 44 that I could properly deal with the physical demands
ahead.But I was to discover that it was the mental 45 that were the
most difficult.With thousands of people around， I didn’t have a
（n） 46 to talk to.All of these made a very 47 and lonely 10-
hour walk.By 5 am， I was extremely 48 .The only thing I had to
keep me taking one step after another towards the 49 was my own
thoughts.
My “Moonwalk” experience taught me that while it could
be 50 to have people around to coach and 51 you when you are
feeling like giving up， the only person with you is yourself.You will
encounter various kinds of difficulties in life， so you must train yourself
to face the difficulties 52 .
By the way， I did 53 the “Moonwalk Marathon”.When
I 54 my medal， I felt a huge sense of achievement.I realized that
one’s mindset could be so different between giving up and 55 your
goals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加慈善活动“月
光行走马拉松”的亲身经历和感受，并从中领悟到面对困难要依靠
自己的道理。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加慈善活动“月
光行走马拉松”的亲身经历和感受，并从中领悟到面对困难要依靠
自己的道理。
41. A. inspiring B. comforting
C. classical D. light
解析： 根据空后的energetic warm-up activities和exciting the
crowds可推知，激发人群的热情需要鼓舞人心的音乐和充满活力
的热身活动。inspiring鼓舞人心的；comforting安慰的；classical
古典的；light轻的。
√
42. A. called up B. held up
C. looked up D. met up
解析： 根据空前的groups of friends和空后的prepared for 10-hour
walks through the streets可知，一群朋友聚在一起，准备参加马拉松。
call up打电话；hold up举起；look up查阅；meet up聚会，相约见面。
√
43. A. shortening B. limiting
C. determining D. increasing
解析： 根据空前的I’d trained和空后的the length of my walks
before the event可知，作者在比赛前进行了训练，逐渐增加行走的长
度。shorten缩短；limit限制；determine决定；increase增加。
√
44. A. function B. confidence
C. satisfaction D. promise
解析： 根据空后的I could properly deal with the physical demands
ahead可知，作者对自己能够应对接下来的身体挑战充满信心。
function功能；confidence信心；satisfaction满意；promise承诺。
√
45. A. ages B. conflicts
C. requirements D. benefits
解析： 根据上句和空前的But I was to discover可推知，作者对自己
的体能有信心，但发现最难的是精神上的要求。age年龄；conflict冲
突；requirement要求；benefit好处。
√
46. A. stranger B. partner
C. competitor D. neighbour
解析： 根据下句可推知，大家都是独自前行，没有可以交谈的
伙伴。stranger陌生人；partner伙伴；competitor竞争者；
neighbour邻居。
√
47. A. heartbreaking B. wild
C. challenging D. proper
解析：C 根据上句和空后的lonely 10-hour walk可推知，这次整整10
小时的孤独步行对作者来说很有挑战性。heartbreaking令人心碎的；
wild狂野的；challenging具有挑战性的；proper适当的。
√
48. A. bored B. delighted
C. hesitant D. tired
解析： 根据上半句By 5 am和下句中的The only thing I had to
keep me taking one step after another可知，作者走到了凌晨5点，
此时感到极其疲惫。bored无聊的；delighted高兴的；hesitant犹豫
的；tired疲惫的。
√
49. A. finish B. passage
C. audience D. exit
解析： 根据第一段中的I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon”
for charity和空前的keep me taking one step after another towards可知，
作者一步一步走向“月光行走马拉松”的终点。finish终点；passage通
道；audience观众；exit出口。
√
50. A. safe B. helpful
C. unique D. tough
解析： 根据空后的have people around to coach ...like giving up可
知，在要放弃时有人指导和帮助是很有帮助的。safe安全的；helpful
有帮助的；unique独特的；tough艰苦的。
√
51. A. attract B. ignore
C. support D. respect
解析： 根据空后的when you are feeling like giving up可推知，在要
放弃时有人指导和支持。attract吸引；ignore忽视；support支持；
respect尊重。
√
52. A. regularly B. definitely
C. understandingly D. independently
解析： 上句中的the only person with you is yourself强调了自己才是
关键，所以要学会独立面对困难。regularly定期地；definitely明确
地；understandingly理解地；independently独立地。
53. A. change B. complete
C. choose D. miss
解析： 根据下句可知，作者完成了“月光行走马拉松”并获得了
奖牌。change改变；complete完成；choose选择；miss错过。
√
√
54. A. picked up B. accounted for
C. put up D. hoped for
解析： 根据空后的my medal，I felt a huge sense of achievement可推
知，作者拿起奖牌时感到很有成就感。pick up拿起；account for说明
（原因等）；put up张贴；hope for希望。
√
55. A. achieving B. setting
C. adjusting D. seeking
解析： 根据空前的I realized that one’s mindset could be so different
between giving up and可推知，作者意识到放弃和实现目标之间心态的
重要性。achieving实现；setting设置；adjusting调整；seeking寻求。
√
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Scientists at the international conservation charity Zoological Society
of London （ZSL） have used historical records from China stretching
back over 400 years 56. （track） changes in the
distribution of gibbons （长臂猿）， which today are some of China’s
most 57. （threaten） species.This is one of the first
instances 58. use ancient historical records to reconstruct
the course of extinctions across several centuries.
59. （use） local government records dating from as
early as 1600 AD， the researchers were able to infer the former presence
of gibbons in different regions.They found that only a few hundred years
ago， gibbons 60. （distribute） across almost half of
China.61. ， gibbon populations collapsed during the 20th
century， and today they survive in only a few remote forests.One of
China’s gibbon species， the Hainan gibbon， is now probably the
62. （rare） mammal species in the world，
63. a total population of only 26－28 individuals.
Dr Samuel Turvey， senior research fellow at ZSL， said： “China
has a fantastically rich historical record， including 64. wealth of environmental data that has rarely been used for conservation
65. （manage）.Because of the current global
environmental crisis， we have to explore new ways to better understand
the kinds of factors that put species in danger of extinction.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们利用中国
长达400多年的历史记录来追踪长臂猿分布的变化，揭示了几个世纪
以来物种灭绝的过程。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们利用中国
长达400多年的历史记录来追踪长臂猿分布的变化，揭示了几个世纪
以来物种灭绝的过程。
56. to track 考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦动物学会（ZSL）的国际
保护慈善组织科学家利用中国400多年来的历史记录追踪长臂猿分布
的变化，如今长臂猿是中国一些最濒危的物种之一。空处应用动词不
定式作目的状语，表示“为了追踪长臂猿分布的变化”。故填to
track。
57. threatened 考查形容词。句意见上题解析。根据空前的most可
知，空处应用形容词，构成形容词的最高级，作定语修饰后面的名
词。threatened为形容词“受到威胁的”。故填threatened。
58. that 考查定语从句。句意：这是首批利用古代历史记录重建几个
世纪以来灭绝过程的例子之一。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为
instances。先行词指物，在从句中作主语，且关系词前面有序数词修
饰，所以只能用关系代词tha引导该从句。故填that。
59. Using 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用从公元1600年就有
的地方政府记录，能够推断出长臂猿在不同地区的存在。空处应用非
谓语动词形式作状语，该动词与逻辑主语the researchers构成主动关
系，故用动词-ing形式作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Using。
60. were distributed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他们发现，
就在几百年前，长臂猿还分布在中国近一半的地区。空处为句子的谓
语动词。根据时间状语a few hundred years ago可知，句子应用一般过
去时，主语gibbons与distribute构成被动关系，且主语为复数名词。故
填were distributed。
61. However 考查副词。句意：然而，长臂猿种群在20世纪崩溃，
如今它们仅存活于少数偏远森林中。根据上下文语境可知，空处应用
副词however表示转折，意为“然而”，在句中作状语。句首单词首
字母要大写，故填However。
62. rarest 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国的长臂猿物种之一——海
南长臂猿，现在可能是世界上最稀有的哺乳动物物种，总数量仅为26
－28只。根据句意和空格前的定冠词the以及in the world可知，空处应
用形容词最高级，表示“世界上最稀有的物种”。故填rarest。
63. with 考查介词。句意见上题解析。根据空后的a total population
of only 26－28 individuals可知，空处应用介词with，表示“有”，构
成介词短语在句中作状语。故填with。
64. a 考查冠词。句意伦敦动物学会的高级研究员塞缪尔·特维博士
说：“中国有着极其丰富的历史记录，其中包括大量很少用于保护管
理的环境数据。”a wealth of意为“大量的，丰富的”。故填a。
65. management 考查名词。句意见上题解析。空处应用名词作介词
for的宾语，management 意为“管理”。故填management。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校英文报就What leads to success？发起讨论。请你写一篇英语
短文投稿参与讨论，内容包括：
（1）你认为一个人取得成功最重要的因素是什么；
（2）举例说明。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
What leads to success？
参考范文：
What leads to success？
There is no denying that a variety of factors contribute to one’s
personal success， such as talent， luck， education， and hard work.It
seems to me that hard work plays the most important role in one’s
achieving success.
Let me give you an example to demonstrate my point.Lang Lang is
arguably one of the most well-known pianists in the world.Needless to
say， he has a special gift for music.However， never should we ignore
the fact that he practiced playing the piano for eight hours a day when he
was very young.Fundamentally speaking， it was his hard work that made
him stand out from the crowd and win a position on the world stage.
If you want to succeed， just work hard.The harder you work， the
luckier you will be.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
Teenage girl， Alice Hardson was the cherished daughter of the
Hardsons， Tom and Mary， who， though not wealthy， were honest
and hard-working.Tom worked as an accountant， while Mary was a
cashier at a local supermarket.Despite their modest income， they stressed
in family the values of integrity， perseverance， and a love for learning.
Alice was a bright and talented girl with a particular passion for
writing.She loved to weave stories and express her thoughts through
words.One day， Alice met with an advertisement for The Scholastic
Workshop， a renowned （有名的） student writing camp with a wide
range of categories， including writing techniques， taking seminars on
essay improvement， meeting published writers， and a writing contest，
with the biggest prize being 1，000 dollars.
The thought of participating filled Alice with both excitement and
worry.She knew she had the talent， but the fear of failure discouraged
her.Alice’s teacher， Mr White， knew well about her talent in writing
and encouraged her to pursue her dream.He also knew clearly what the girl
was worried about.He decided to have a heart-to-heart conversation with
her.“Alice，” Mr White said genuinely， “there might be problems，
but your writing is a gift， and you should share it with the world.”
Alice’s eyes welled up with tears.“But what if I fail？ What if they
laugh at me？” Mr White placed a reassuring hand on her
shoulder.“Failure is a part of life， Alice.It’s how we learn and
grow.And even if they laugh， remember that your words have the power
to touch hearts and change minds.”
Back home， Alice told her parents about the program and gained
their support， with which Alice was a little more relieved.She registered
for the workshop as required and got admitted successfully.Thrilled and
nervous， she went to the workshop managed by the Rockerfeller
University.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Everything went well there， except for the contest.
Informed of the result， Alice couldn’t wait to share it with Mr
White.
参考范文：
Everything went well there， except for the contest.On the day of the
writing contest， Alice found herself feeling anxious.She spent hours
writing and rewriting her piece， doubting her abilities with each word
penned.Despite her fears， she submitted her work and left the room with
a heavy heart， convinced she had not done her best.However， during
the announcement of the results， Alice was stunned to hear her name
called as the winner.The audience’s applause was a warm embrace，
shattering her doubt and filling her with a newfound confidence.
Informed of the result， Alice couldn’t wait to share it with Mr
White.Running into his classroom， she found him reviewing
papers.“Mr White！” she exclaimed breathlessly， “I won the
contest！” Seeing the joy on her face， Mr White smiled widely， his
eyes twinkling with pride.“I knew you could do it， Alice.This is just
the beginning for you.Always remember the power of your words.”
Encouraged by his belief in her， Alice felt even more motivated to pursue
her writing passion， knowing she had people who believed in her talent.
THANKS
演示完毕 感谢观看
