《英语》（八年级下册）
Unit 7 International charities
Study skills
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. know the name of five common punctuation marks;
2. know the usage of comma, full stop, question mark, exclamation mark and quotation marks;
3. use comma, full stop, question mark, exclamation mark and quotation marks correctly.
II. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
Learn how to use comma, full stop, question mark, exclamation mark and quotation marks correctly.
III. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead in
1. Enjoy two pictures
Show two pictures made of different symbols and ask “What’re the pictures made of?”.
Let the students pay attention to the circled symbols. They are punctuation marks.
2. Try to punctuate sentences
Show two sentences without punctuation marks: “woman without her man is nothing” and “Do you know her dad”. Ask the students to add punctuation marks.
Let the students realize the importance of punctuation marks.
【设计意图：首先通过图片引出标点符号，接着让学生给句子加标点，在趣味中点明标点符号的重要性。】
Step 2 Presentation
1. Introduce five common punctuation marks
comma, full stop, question mark, exclamation mark and quotation marks
2. Read and answer
Show four sentences. Let the students read them and answer the questions:
(1) How many punctuation marks are used at the end of a sentence?
(2) What are they?
Introduce three end punctuation marks: full stop, question mark, exclamation mark.
3. Have a try
Choose the right punctuation.
【设计意图：开门见山，让学生知道今天所要学习的主要内容，给学生一个初步印象，为接下来的学习做铺垫。通过四个句子让学生找出用于句子末尾的三个常用标点符号，简单介绍句末标点的用法，并让学生小试牛刀。】
4. Learn the usage of five common punctuation marks
(1) Full stop
Explain the usage of a full stop. Then give some examples to help the students understand the usage of full stop.
List some other usages of full stop.
(2) Question mark
Ask two questions and explain the usage of a question mark. It’s used at the end of a direct question. Give three examples about direct questions.
Show three questions to the students. Let them think about the usage of question marks in these sentences.
At last, let the students list more.
(3) Exclamation mark
Let the students read “I am an exclamation mark! I am used for strong feelings! I’m excited!” with emotion.
After that, list four sentences about different feelings.
At last, encourage the students say more feelings.
(4) Comma
Show three sentences. Let the students know the usage of separating words, phrases and clauses.
Show some other examples about comma, explain them and give the students a tip, that is, do not connect two independent clauses with a comma only.
(5) Quotation marks
Introduce quotation marks from a sentence. Let the students know they are used to enclose words.
Give two sentences about direct speech and indirect speech. Let the students compare these two sentences to tell which speech we can use quotation marks.
List some examples to let the students know the placement of quotation mark.
【设计意图：逐一学习五种常用的标点符号。逐步分解关键用法，并辅以例句来分析说明，便于学生掌握要领。让学生举例以增加语言的输出量，同时检测他们的学习情况。】
Step 3 Summary
Show the table on page 103. Go through it with the students.
Let the students pay attention to the right writing of full stop, which is different from the Chinese full stop.
【设计意图：通过呈现课文表格，和学生一起回顾五种标点符号的用法。通过中英文例句的呈现，让学生发现句号在英语和汉语中书写的差异，确保学生正确书写。】
Step 4 Practice
Add the punctuation marks to the sentences
Give four sentences without punctuation marks. First let the students add the correct punctuation marks. Then check the answers with the students.
Add the punctuation marks to the passage
Give a short passage without punctuation marks on PPT. Let the students add the correct punctuation marks. Then check the answers with the students together.
【设计意图：通过两组练习来检测学生本节课的学习效果。练习难度逐步增加，有一定的梯度。通过这两项操练，可以让学生对照自评本节课的目标达成度。】
Step 4 Conclusion
Show the sentence on PPT:
The teacher says, “You are great! Today we’ve learned comma, full stop, question mark, exclamation mark and quotation marks. Can you use them? ”
【设计意图：通过呈现一段话来概括本节课的内容要点，这句话中用到了今天所学的五种标点符号，用红色标出标点可以提醒学生关注这些标点的用法。】
课件25张PPT。Unit 7 International charities Study skillssymbols Why do we punctuate sentences?woman without her man is nothingPlease add the punctuation marks and read it aloud.Woman! without her, man is nothing.woman without her man is nothingWoman, without her man, is nothing.Do you know her dadanother
example Do you know her dad?Do you know her, dad? Why do we punctuate sentences? Punctuation tells readers when a sentence ends. It also tells them when to pause, when someone is talking, or when something belongs to someone.Five common punctuation markscommafull stop/periodquestion markexclamation markquotation marksLet’s read these sentences.★ By training them, we hope to help more people.
★ Why don’t you work in a hospital?
★ What important work charities do!
★ “I’m proud to help people see again,” said Dr Ma.End punctuation ●Kelly will bat first today
●Did you know she hit two home runs last week
● What an amazing player she is
? .!Let’s try Full stop/period (.)I am a period.
I am used at the end of a complete thought.a declarative sentence__________________It states a fact.Examples She is my sister.It’s raining outside. The 12th Special Olympics World Games were held in Shanghai in 2007.A period is used to end a sentence. It is also used
after initials (姓名的首字母) and as a decimal point (小数点). PeriodTaro won the contest. (statement)
Take his picture. (command)
Please lend me your baseball cap. (request)B. B. King (blues musician)
H. G. Wells (British novelist) Robert is 99.9 percent sure that the bus pass costs only 2.5 dollars. At the end of a sentenceAfter an initial As a decimal pointQuestion mark (?)Does it a question mark?
Does anyone have any questions?Examples Would you like some coffee?What time is the party?How does UNICEF help?Question mark (?)Do air bag make cars safer?I’m a question mark, right?The ship arrives in Boston on July 23, 1652?Can you give me an example?Great!A question mark is used after a direct question (an interrogative sentence). Sometimes it is used to show doubt about the correctness of a detail. Exclamation mark ( ! )I am an exclamation mark!
I am used for strong feelings! I’m excited! Examples She was the same size as my little finger!strong feelingsThe house is on fire!What a good time we have!Do stop that noise!surprisejoyangershock…other strong feelingsstrong emotion
strong feelingExclamation mark ( ! )Surprise! (word)
Happy birthday! (phrase)
Wait for me! (sentence)An exclamation mark is used to express feelings. It may be placed a word, a phrase or a sentence. Comma ( , )I am a comma. I’m used to make a pause between thought, and also to list things.____________You can visit Asia, Africa, Europe, American and more in only eight hours.Examples ______________________You can use a computer for sending and receiving emails, searching for information, drawing or playing games._____________________ _____________________________________If you want someone to move, say “excuse me”. Place commas between words, phrases, or clauses in a series.
(A series is three items or more in a row.) Mrs. Johnson,“Each of you may choose a partner for the game.”To set off the words of the speaker from rest of the sentence. Use a comma between two independent clauses that are joined
by the coordinate conjunction (并列连词) and, but, or, nor, for, so, or yet. Tip:
Do not connect two independent clauses with a comma only.She likes pepperoni, pineapple, and olives on her pizza. (words)
During the summer I read mysteries, rode my bike and played baseball. (phrases)Aunt Carrie offered to pay my way, so I am going to the amusement park with her. Quotation marks (“ ”) If you want someone to move, say “excuse me”.Quotation marks“Do you have a dream?” said Mary.to enclose wordsin direct speechMary asked me if I had a dream.compare “direct speech”Can you give me another example?When you want to show the exact words that someone has said,
you must put quotation marks around the words. Placement of punctuationTo set off the dialogueTo punctuate titles Place quotation marks around titles of songs, poems,
short stories, book chapters, and titles of articles.Have a summaryUsing punctuation marksa declarative sentence (陈述句)I have a dream. 我有一个梦。I have a dream。Have a summaryUsing punctuation marks??.,.! Have a tryAdd the correct punctuation marks. Have a tryAdd the correct punctuation marks.◆ How can we help homeless people
◆ It’s fantastic to work as a volunteer he says
◆ I like many sports such as basketball football running
and swimming
◆ Great I have never been to Beijing
“!”!?...,,, Have a try,,,........!?”““”“You are great! Today we’ve learned comma, full stop, question mark, exclamation mark and quotation marks. Can you use them?“The teacher says,Thank you!
