（期中培优卷）期中能力提升培优卷（含答案解析）-2025 - 2026学年九年级全册英语北师大版（2024）
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| 名称 | （期中培优卷）期中能力提升培优卷（含答案解析）-2025 - 2026学年九年级全册英语北师大版（2024） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-31 21:49:35 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级全册英语北师大版（2024）期中能力提升培优卷
注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1.本试卷共10页，包含选择题（第1题~第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题~第76题，共31题）两部分。本卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷一并交回。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷的规定位置，在试卷第一面的右下角填写好座位号。
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．He ________ fly home tomorrow, isn’t he
A．will B．won’t C．is going to D．isn’t going to
2．There were many flowers in the park last year, ________
A．aren’t there B．isn’t there C．wasn’t there D．weren’t there
3．Jenny will ________ make such a mistake.
A．no long B．not long C．no longer D．not longer
4．They ________ leave their hometown during the war.
A．are forcing to B．are forced to C．were forcing to D．were forced to
5．I have trouble ________ the speaker.
A．understand B．understanding
C．to understand D．for understanding
6．He was happy to pass the exam ________ .
A．succeed B．successful C．success D．successfully
7．________, we weren’t used to living in the village but now we like the life here.
A．First B．Firstly C．At first D．On first
8．He wants to stay at home ________ going out to play with his classmates on weekends because he isn’t outgoing.
A．instead B．instead of C．in place D．in the place
9．His grandfather _________ since 2014.
A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．was dead
10．He is good at English. ________, he is weak in maths.
A．But B．While C．Although D．However
11．He didn’t tell the teacher the reason he was late for class.
A．that B．which C．why D．who
12．The government is taking measures to stop people ________ more trees.
A．to cutting down B．to cut down C．cutting down D．cut down
13．________ can you deal with the used pens
A．What B．How C．When D．Where
14．In order to sell more products, we should come up with more ________ ideas.
A．awful B．creative C．magical D．traditional
15．Danny didn’t go to school yesterday ________ he was ill.
A．as B．so C．because D．while
二、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Long long ago, there was a huge apple tree. And a little boy loved to come 16 play around it every day. He climbed to the tree top, ate the apples or played under the tree. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play 17 him.
Time went by. The little boy had 18 and he no longer played around the tree.
One day, the boy came back to the tree and 19 unhappy. “Come and play with me,” the tree asked the boy.
“I am no longer a kid. I do not play around trees any more.” the boy 20 , “I want toys. I need 21 to buy them.” “Sorry, but I don’t have money. But you can pick all my apples and 22 them. So, you will have money.” The boy was 23 . He picked all the apples on the tree an I left. The boy didn’t come back 24 he picked the apples. The tree was 25 .
One day, the boy 26 and the tree was so excited, “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “Well, I don’t have time to play. I have to work for a new 27 . Can you help me ” “Sorry, but I don’t have a house. But you can 28 my branches to build your house.” So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left 29 .
The tree was glad to see him full of joy but the boy didn’t appear. Since then the tree felt again 30 and sad.
16．A．so B．but C．or D．and
17．A．with B．against C．around D．for
18．A．grown up B．stood up C．lain down D．put down
19．A．fell B．saw C．looked D．sounded
20．A．asked B．replied C．told D．laughed
21．A．money B．wood C．branches D．apple
22．A．cook B．eat C．sell D．offer
23．A．surprised B．excited C．nervous D．sorry
24．A．if B．before C．when D．after
25．A．sad B．afraid C．pleased D．angry
26．A．disappeared B．left C．moved D．returned
27．A．kitchen B．yard C．home D．house
28．A．take off B．get off C．cut off D．put off
29．A．happily B．seriously C．slowly D．silently
30．A．alone B．lonely C．proud D．satisfied
三、阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike (雷击的路径). The experiment suggests that in the future, lasers might be useful for protecting large buildings from lightning.
Lightning can be extremely powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. Lightning strike can cause fires, destroy buildings, and even kill people. The damage from lightning costs billions of dollars every year. In the US, lightning strikes killed close to 450 people between 2006 and 2021.
Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. Now the best Way is by putting metal rods (金属竿) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. Some buildings—such as airports are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods.
Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. Scientists had been working on the idea for over 20 years. They have successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a lab. But until the summer of 2021, scientists could guide lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning tor meters.
The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge (电荷). The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. Scientist Matteo Clerici said, “The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.”
But the laser still didn’t guide the lightning as far as the scientists would like. Besides, the laser is also very expensive. The scientists say it cost about $2 billion. It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.
31．To know how powerful lightning can be, which paragraph can we read
A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5.
32．What is the laser technology expected to protect
A．High-rise buildings. B．Large buildings.
C．Beautiful buildings. D．Important buildings.
33．Why are lasers not used widely for changing the path of lightning strike now
A．Putting metal rods on the buildings is the best way.
B．Some buildings are so large that it’s difficult to protect.
C．Lasers are only able to guide lightning for a short distance
D．Lasers are so expensive that scientists can’t pay for experimenting.
34．What can we learn from what Matteo Clerici said
A．Scientists still need to work harder to achieve a greater success.
B．It is not easy for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside.
C．Scientists need to change working environment in next experiments.
D．It is a great progress for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside.
35．What can we get to know at the end of the passage
A．Behind bad luck comes good luck.
B．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
C．There is still a long way to go before a laser can really work.
D．For scientists, working together is better than working alone.
B
Scientists are known for being creative and full of new ideas. Recently, they added amazing ideas to the following inventions that make a big difference to people’s lives.
The Robot SuitcaseIf you are afraid to forget something at the airport, you will love the idea behind this robot suitcase. First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.
Electronic ChopsticksScientists at an American university have invented a pair of electronic chopsticks that can change the taste of food. When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty. Soon the scientists are going to try their technology on bottles, cups and spoons.
Talking GlovesA pair of gloves helps people to communicate with someone who has hearing and speaking problems. The gloves are equipped with sensors (传感器). They recognize body language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words. Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.
Environmental ShoesEvery step you take is helping cut down the air pollution. This is not in science fiction. A team from Europe has invented such a pair of shoes. The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air. If you wear the shoes and walk one kilometer, the shoes can clean the air polluted by eight cars.
36．How many uses of the “Robot Suitcase” are mentioned
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
37．If today’s dish is too salty, which invention can people use to change the taste of food
A．The shoes. B．The gloves. C．The suitcase. D．The chopsticks.
38．What can “Talking Gloves” help people to understand
A．Spoken words. B．Written words. C．Body language. D．The text on the smartphone.
39．What can the shoes invented by the team from Europe do
A．Drive cars. B．Take in dirty air.
C．Pollute the clean air. D．Play science fiction.
40．Where can you probably read this passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a tour guide book.
C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a technology magazine.
C
A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it
·If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. ·If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. ·If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
41．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The situation. B．The crime scene.
C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known.
42．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”
A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns paying. D．Their parents pay for them.
43．How does the author explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion.
44．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
45．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
(①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph 2,…)
A．B．C． D．
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。
46．The school music festival is (normal) in October and it is very popular.
47．My mother always （tie）back her hair when she cooks.
48．I can’t stand loud music because it makes me (comfortable).
49．It’s very (danger) for us to use the phone while crossing the road.
50．To get (far) details, please call this telephone number.
51．Many great (发明家) make a difference to our lives.
52．His family (支持) him in his decision in the past.
53．I wish that we could travel to space by (宇宙飞船) one day.
54．I'm better at （物理）than Kate, but she is better at history than me.
55．The (主题) of the meeting is environmental protection.
五、阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
On June 9th, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, a headline in The New York Times read: “Death of the Great Novelist…Will Be Remembered by the People…”
The headline was not overstating (夸大) the popularity of Dickens. Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some unforgettable characters. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies. Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and TV adaptations (改编版本) of Dickens’ works. A Christmas Carol alone has had nearly 50.
Natalie Mcknight is a literature professor (文学教授) who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. He tried hard to produce emotional effects (情感效果) among his readers. In his works, he paid special attention to the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think. Many other 19th-century novelists wrote entertaining (娱乐的) works. However, few of them worked as hard as Dickens to touch the readers deeply.
Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality (不平等) and gave voice to the poor. His works led to many important social changes. Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed.
Why not read or re-read some of his famous works in the coming winter holiday
56．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
57．According to Natalie Mcknight, why has Dickens remained so popular as a novelist
58．What could the readers know about when they read Dickens’ novels
59．Why does the writer say “His works led to many important social changes.”
60．Why does the writer write the passage
六、缺词填空（共 10空；每空1分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
On the outskirts (市郊) of Tianjin, a group of passengers excitedly get 61 a black-and-white “panda bus.” They then buy their tickets by scanning (扫描) their hands. About a minute out of the station, the driver hands over (移交) control to the bus’s self-driving mode. At a slow speed, the technology 62 (guide) it along a straight road. The bus stops for lights before 63 /'pɑ k / at the next stop. “It’s very convenient,” says one passenger. “And kids love it.”
The “panda bus” was 64 (develop) by DeepBlue Technology, one of China’s leading artificial intelligence (AI, 人工智能) companies. It is already operating in ten cities across China. The company’s goal is to 65 /ri t / ten more cities by the end of this year.
DeepBlue has also 66 (begin) selling “panda buses” to foreign 67 (country), such as Greece and Thailand. Both Greece and Thailand have signed 68 agreement with the company. 69 , Chen Haibo, CEO of DeepBlue, is unclear about the future of AI. “There’s still a long way to go before the technology becomes more 70 /'wa dl / used,” he said.
Would you like to take a ride on a “panda bus”
七、书面表达（计30分）
A.句子翻译（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在横线上。
71．他们使用的表达方式可能取决于他们和谁在说话或者他们有多么熟悉。
72．我下班回家后更喜欢听能让我放松的音乐。
73．因为她，我付出了更多的努力，我的分数翻倍了。
74．我们物理老师不可能在实验室里，因为他出国了。
75．我们应当学会防范我们周边可能有的任何危险。
B.写作（计20分）
76．假如你是李华，是学校英文周刊的一名记者。为了让同学们了解一些国外著名作家，下周英文周刊将刊登有关国外作家的文章。请你根据下面表格中的提示信息，写一篇英语短文，介绍美国著名作家欧·亨利，发表在周刊上。
欧·亨利（1862—1910）是一位著名的美国作家，也是美国现代短篇小说的奠基人。
人生经历：1.三岁丧母，由祖母和姑姑养大； 2.从事过歌手、银行职员、记者等工作。
著名作品：《麦琪的礼物》；《最后一片叶子》 作品特点： 1.短小精悍，易于理解，具有幽默性； 2.结局出人意料； 3.善于描写美国各行各业普通人的生活。 作品评价：美国人生活的百科全书。
要求：1.包含提示信息，可以根据自己对该作家的了解，适当增添内容；
2.条理清晰，语句通顺，行文连贯；
3.100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
A famous American writer—O. Henry
O. Henry was a well-known American writer and the founder of modern American short stories.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：他明天要坐飞机回家，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句的用法。will将；won’t将不会；is going to将；isn’t going to不会。根据“isn’t he”可知设空处应用肯定形式，排除BD选项，且设空处应用be动词，排除A选项。故选C。
2．D
【解析】句意：去年公园里有很多花，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。主句为“There be”句型的过去时肯定句，反意疑问句需与主句时态及动词形式保持一致，故用过去时否定形式“weren’t there”。故选D。
3．C
【解析】句意：珍妮不会再犯这样的错误了。
考查副词短语no longer。no long错误表达；not long错误表达；no longer不再；not longer错误表达。结合“make such a mistake.”可知，这里要填副词短语no longer，修饰谓语动词，表示不再犯这样的错误。故选C。
4．D
【解析】句意：在战争期间他们被迫离开他们的家乡。
考查动词的时态和语态。are forcing to正在强迫，现在进行时主动语态；are forced to被强迫，一般现在时被动语态；were forcing to正在强迫，过去进行时主动语态；were forced to被强迫，一般过去时被动语态。分析句子可知，主语They此处表示被动含义，表示“他们被强迫”，使用被动语态。根据时间状语“during the war”可知，应用一般过去时态。故选D。
5．B
【解析】句意：我很难理解演讲者 (的话)。
考查非谓语动词。have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，固定搭配，其中“in”可省略；因此，这里应用动名词形式understanding。故选B。
6．D
【解析】句意：他很高兴成功地通过了考试。
考查副词用法。succeed成功，动词；successful成功的。形容词；success成功，名词；successfully成功地，副词。根据语境可知，此处需要填入一个词来修饰动词pass，表示“成功地通过”，所以应该用副词successfully。故选D。
7．C
【解析】句意：起初，我们不习惯住在村子里，但现在我们喜欢这里的生活。
考查词汇辨析。First首先；Firstly第一，用于列举事物的顺序；At first起初；On first错误搭配。根据“but now”可知，此处指和现在对比，说明起初不习惯住在村子里，现在喜欢这里的生活了。故选C。
8．B
【解析】句意：他周末想待在家里，而不是和同学出去玩，因为他不外向。
考查副词和介词短语辨析。instead而不是，副词，常放在句末；instead of代替，介词短语；in place在对的位置；in the place在那个地方。根据“He wants to stay at home....going out to play with his classmates on weekends”可知，这里指而不是和同学出去玩，所以此处应用介词短语，故选B。
9．C
【解析】句意：他的祖父自2014年起就去世了。
考查现在完成时。根据“since 2014.”可知是自2014年就去世了，从过去的时间点延续到现在用现在完成时态have/has done；die“死亡”，是非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用，应用be dead表状态，其完成时态的结构为have/has been dead。故选C。
10．D
【解析】句意：他擅长英语。然而，他不擅长数学。
考查连词辨析。But但是；While同时；Although虽然；However然而。根据“He is good at English”和“he is weak in maths”可知，前后两句句意存在转折，应用but或however；分析原句结构可知，空格后有标点，应用however连接。故选D。
11．C
【解析】句意：他没有告诉老师他上课迟到的原因。
考查定语从句。that关系代词，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；why关系副词，先行词为the reason，在从句中作状语；who关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据“the reason”为先行词且从句成分完整可知，此处的定语从句需要用关系副词why连接。故选C。
12．C
【解析】句意：政府正在采取措施阻止人们砍伐更多的树木。
考查非谓语动词。根据“The government is taking measures to stop people…more trees.”可知，此处考查：stop sb doing sth，固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”，所以此处应填入动名词cutting down。故选C。
13．B
【解析】句意：你能怎样处理这些用过的钢笔呢？
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；How怎样；When什么时候；Where在哪里。句中“deal with the used pens”意为“处理用过的钢笔”，其中“the used pens”为“deal with”的宾语，因此这里不需要用“What”来提问“处理的事情”，应用“How”来询问处理用过的钢笔的方法。故选B。
14．B
【解析】句意：为了卖出更多的产品，我们应该想出更多的创意。
考查形容词词义辨析。awful糟糕的；creative有创意的；magical神奇的；traditional传统的。根据“In order to sell more products,”可知，为了卖出更多的产品，我们应该想出更多有创意的想法。故选B。
15．C
【解析】句意：Danny昨天没有去上学，因为他生病了。
考查连词辨析。as因为，随着；so因此，所以；because因为；while当……时候，然而。根据语境可知，此处是在解释Danny昨天没有去上学的原因，即他生病了，所以应该用because表示原因。as虽可表原因，但语气较弱，多引导显而易见或附带的原因，且常置于句首，此处语境更侧重直接、明确的因果，不适用。故选C。
16．D 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了小男孩和树的故事。当小男孩小的时候，喜欢和树一起玩。长大后，小男孩离开树，只有在小男孩需要什么或者遇到麻烦的时候，才会回到树身边。
16．句意：一个小男孩喜欢每天来它周围玩。
so所以；but但是；or或者；and和。根据“come...play around it”可知此处表示并列动作，用and连接。故选D。
17．句意：这棵树也喜欢和他一起玩。
with和；against反对；around周围；for为了。根据“the tree loved to play...him”可知树喜欢和小男孩玩。故选A。
18．句意：小男孩长大了，他不再围着树玩了。
grown up长大；stood up站起来；lain down躺下；put down放下。根据“Time went by”可知随着时间的流逝，小男孩长大了。故选A。
19．句意：一天，男孩回到树旁，看起来很不高兴。
fell落下；saw看见；looked看；sounded听起来。根据“unhappy”可知是看起来不开心。故选C。
20．句意：男孩回答说。
asked问；replied回答；told告诉；laughed笑。根据“the tree asked the boy”可知这是小男孩回答树的话。故选B。
21．句意：我需要钱来买。
money钱；wood木头；branches树枝；apple苹果。根据“to buy them”可知是需要钱买玩具。故选A。
22．句意：但你可以把我所有的苹果都摘下来卖。
cook做饭；eat吃；sell卖；offer提供。根据“So, you will have money.”可知把苹果卖了会得到钱。故选C。
23．句意：男孩很兴奋。
surprised吃惊的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；sorry抱歉的。根据“So, you will have money.”可知小男孩把苹果卖了可以得到钱，所以他应该很高兴。故选B。
24．句意：那个男孩摘了苹果后没有回来。
if如果；before在……之前；when当；after在……之后。根据“he picked the apples”可知他摘了苹果之后没有回来。故选D。
25．句意：这棵树很伤心。
sad悲伤的；afraid害怕的；pleased高兴的；angry生气的。根据“The boy didn’t come back”可知小男孩没有回来，树很伤心。故选A。
26．句意：一天，男孩回来了，树非常兴奋。
disappointed失望；left离开；moved移动；returned返回。根据“and the tree was so excited”可知小男孩回来了，树才开心。故选D。
27．句意：我必须为一所新房子工作。
kitchen厨房；yard院子；home家；house房子。根据“but I don’t have a house”可知此处指房子。故选D。
28．句意：但你可以剪掉我的树枝来盖你的房子。
take off起飞；get off下车；cut off切断；put off推迟。根据“the boy cut all the branches”可知是剪掉树枝。故选C。
29．句意：于是男孩剪掉了所有的树枝，高兴地离开了。
happily开心地；seriously严肃地；slowly慢慢地；silently默默地。根据“So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left”可知小男孩可以用树枝建造房子，所以应该很高兴。故选A。
30．句意：从那以后，这棵树又感到孤独和悲伤。
alone独自；lonely孤独的；proud骄傲的；satisfied满足的。根据“The tree was glad to see him full of joy but the boy didn’t appear.”可知小男孩再也没有出现过，树应感到很孤独。故选B。
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家正尝试使用激光技术来改变雷击的路径，以便保护更大的区域范围。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lightning can be extremely powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. ”可知，从第二段我们可以知道闪电有多强大。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.”可知，激光技术是被期望于保护大型建筑的，故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Using a powerful laser, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning tor meters”可知，激光只能把闪电导出一小段距离，所以还不能广泛用于改变雷击的路径。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Scientist Matteo Clerici said, ‘The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.’”可知，从Matteo Clerici的话中，我们可以知道科学家用室外激光引导闪电是一个很大的进步，故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.”可知，在激光真正发挥作用之前，还有很长的路要走。故选C。
36．C 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文介绍了四种发明。
36．细节理解题。根据“First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.”可知首先，行李箱可以跟随它的主人。它还可以在途中远离其他东西。当有人试图把它拿走时，它甚至可以报警。因此共提到三种用法。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty.”可知当你把筷子放进嘴里时，它们可以让味道变得更好，比如让甜食尝起来更甜，让咸味食物变得不那么咸。因此“电子筷子”可以改变食物的味道。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.”可知可以很容易地理解残疾人的肢体语言。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air.”可知鞋子可以吸入肮脏的空气，并释放出干净的空气。故选B。
40．推理判断题。本文介绍了四种发明。因此可以在技术杂志上看到。故选D。
41．C 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍学习语言的一些方法。
41．推理判断题。根据“the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.”可知，当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时，第一件要做的事情是判断情况，查看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。此处it指的是“一个新的和困难的单词”，故选C。
42．推理判断题。根据“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭，你先付钱，下次由对方付钱。“alternating paying”的意思是“轮流付钱”，故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来解释他对词根的看法，故选B。
44．推理判断题。根据“ ‘Sen’ from the Latin word means ‘old’.”可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，意思是“老”，结合选项“My brother is my senior by two years.”表示“我哥哥比我大两岁”与之相符，故选A。
45．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二段介绍处理文本时需要注意的东西；第三、四段介绍前后缀和词根的问题；第五段总结。故选B。
46．normally
【解析】句意：学校音乐节通常在十月举办，而且很受欢迎 。 此处修饰谓语 “is” 所在的整个句子，需用副词。“normal” 是形容词，意为 “正常的；常规的” ，其副词形式 “normally” 表示 “通常；正常地” ，符合语境。故填 normally 。
47．ties
【解析】句意：我妈妈做饭时总是把头发扎起来。根据“always”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语“My mother”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“tie”要变为第三人称单数形式“ties”。故填ties。
48．uncomfortable
【解析】句意：我不能忍受吵闹的音乐，因为它使我不舒服。根据“I can’t stand loud music”可知，不能忍受吵闹的音乐，是因为它使我不舒服，应用comfortable的反义词uncomfortable“不舒服的”，形容词作宾补。故填uncomfortable。
49．dangerous
【解析】句意：对我们来说，过马路时使用手机是非常危险的。danger“危险”，根据“It’s very ...”可知，此处需要形容词作表语，danger的形容词dangerous“危险的”，符合语境。故填dangerous。
50．further
【解析】句意：要了解更多的细节信息，请拨打这个号码。details为名词，其前应用形容词修饰。结合语境，此处应是说“更多的”详细信息，因此应用形容词far的比较级further，表示程度上更进一步的。故填further。
51．inventors
【解析】句意：许多伟大的发明家对我们的生活产生了很大的影响。根据汉语提示可知，inventor“发明家”，可数名词；根据“Many”可知，空格处应用名词复数。故填inventors。
52．supported
【解析】句意：他的家人在过去支持他的决定。根据“in the past”可知，句子应该使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。动词support表示“支持”，此处support应变为过去式supported。故填supported。
53．spacecraft
【解析】句意：我希望有一天我们能乘宇宙飞船去太空旅行。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填spacecraft“宇宙飞船”，介词by后面加名词作宾语。故填spacecraft。
54．physics
【解析】句意：我比凯特更擅长物理，但她比我更擅长历史。“物理” 的英文是 “physics”，为不可数名词作宾语。故填physics。
55．theme
【解析】句意：会议的主题是环境保护。根据“The...of the meeting”可知，横线处需填名词，主题“theme”，名词，此处表示会议的主题，用单数形式。故填theme。
56．It’s about the popularity of Dickens. 57．Because Dickens wrote from his heart. 58．They can know about the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, the social reality at that time, the social inequality, poor people’s rising and success, and so on. 59．Because he used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. 60．To encourage readers to read or re-read Charles Dickens’ works in the coming winter holiday.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是狄更斯受欢迎的原因以及作品的现实意义，鼓励人们阅读或重新阅读狄更斯的著名作品。
56．根据“The headline was not overstating (夸大) the popularity of Dickens.”以及结合段落内容，可知第二段主要讲了狄更斯的受欢迎程度，故填It’s about the popularity of Dickens.
57．根据“She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart.”可知，根据Natalie Mcknight，她认为狄更斯受欢迎的原因是因为他是发自内心的创作。故填Because Dickens wrote from his heart.
58．根据“In his works, he paid special attention to the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think.”可知，我们能从狄更斯的作品中了解到英国社会底层的“小人物”、当时的社会现实、社会不公平等等。故填They can know about the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, the social reality at that time, the social inequality, poor people’s rising and success, and so on.
59．根据“ Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality (不平等) and gave voice to the poor.”可知，狄更斯的作品导致了许多重要的社会变革但是因为他用笔与社会不平等作斗争，为穷人发声。故填Because he used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor.
60．根据“Why not read or re-read some of his famous works in the coming winter holiday ”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了鼓励大家在寒假阅读或者重新阅读狄更斯的作品。故填To encourage readers to read or re-read Charles Dickens’ works in the coming winter holiday.
61．on 62．guides 63．parking 64．developed 65．reach 66．begun 67．countries 68．an 69．However 70．widely
【导语】本文介绍了能刷手的熊猫公共汽车。
61．句意：在天津郊区，一群乘客兴奋地上了一辆黑白相间的“熊猫巴士”。get on“上车”，固定搭配。故填on。
62．句意：这项技术以缓慢的速度引导它沿着一条笔直的道路前进。分析句子可知，此处缺少谓语，根据“the driver hands over …”可知，文章为一般现在时，technology是主语，动词应用第三人称单数。故填guides。
63．句意：公共汽车在下一站停车前停下来等灯。根据音标提示可知英文表达是parking，意为“停车”，before介词，介词后用动词ing形式。故填parking。
64．句意：“熊猫巴士”由中国领先的人工智能公司之一深蓝科技开发。根据“was … by”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，应用其过去分词。故填developed。
65．句意：该公司的目标是到今年年底再覆盖十个城市。根据音标提示可知英文表达是reach，意为“到达”，动词，to后加动词原形。故填reach。
66．句意：DeepBlue还开始向希腊和泰国等外国出售“熊猫巴士”。根据“has also …”可知，此处应用现在完成时，has后接动词的过去分词，begun是其过去分词。故填begun。
67．句意：DeepBlue还开始向希腊和泰国等外国出售“熊猫巴士”。根据“such as Greece and Thailand”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填countries。
68．句意：希腊和泰国都与该公司签署了协议。根据“signed … agreement”可知，签订了协议，an用于元音音素开头的单词之前。故填an。
69．句意：然而，DeepBlue首席执行官陈海波并不确定人工智能的未来。根据通读本段可知，前面说了“熊猫巴士”已经卖向了国外，但陈海波说这项技术还有很长的路要走，前后是转折关系，位于句首后有逗号，应用However“然而”。故填However。
70．句意：他说：“这项技术要得到更广泛的应用，还有很长的路要走。”。根据音标提示可知英文表达是widely，意为“广泛地”，副词，多音节词，比较级在词前加more。故填widely。
71．The expressions (that/which) they use might depend on whom they are talking to or how well they know each other.
【解析】根据题干可知，时态为一般现在时。他们使用的表达方式：The expressions (that/which) they use，that/which引导定语从句，作宾语可省略；可能：might，情态动词，后跟动词原形；取决于：depend on；他们和谁在说话：whom they are talking to，为宾语从句，作depend on的宾语；此处用现在进行时，结构为“be doing”，talk to表示“和……说话”，whom作to的宾语；他们有多么熟悉：how well they know each other，疑问副词how引导宾语从句，主语为they，动词know用动词原形；or “或者”，并列连词，连接两个宾语从句。故填The expressions (that/which) they use might depend on whom they are talking to or how well they know each other.
72．I prefer to listen to music that/which can help me relax/relax me/can make me relaxed after I come back home from work.
【解析】结合句意，该句为一般现在时。主语为I；“更喜欢做某事”prefer to do sth.；“听音乐”为listen to music；“能让我放松的”是定语，修饰“音乐”，引导词用that或which，“能”为can，“让我放松”为help me relax/relax me/can make me relaxed；“在……之后”为after；“下班回家”为come back home from work，故填I prefer to listen to music that/which can help me relax/relax me/can make me relaxed after I come back home from work.
73．Because of her, I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.
【解析】because of her因为她，I我，put in more effort付出了更多的努力，and并且，my exam scores double我的分数翻倍了；时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填Because of her, I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.
74．Our physics teacher can’t be in the lab, because he has gone abroad.
【解析】our“我们的”；physics teacher“物理老师”；can’t be“不可能是”；in the lab“在实验室里”；because“因为”，引导原因状语从句；结合汉语提示可知，从句用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，he“他”，作从句主语，has gone abroad“已经出国了”。故填Our physics teacher can’t be in the lab, because he has gone abroad.
75．We should learn to guard against any possible danger around us.
【解析】根据汉语提示可知此句是含有情态动词的肯定句，我们“we”，作主语；应当学会“ should learn to”，作谓语；防范可能有的任何危险“guard against any possible dange”，作宾语；我们周边“around us”，作状语。故填We should learn to guard against any possible danger around us.
76．例文
A famous American writer—O. Henry
O. Henry was a well-known American writer and the founder of modern American short stories. He had a hard life. His mother died when he was three years old, and he was raised by his grandmother and aunt. He worked as a singer, a bank clerk, a journalist and so on.
O. Henry wrote many famous works, such as The Gift of the Magi and The Last Leaf. His works are short and easy to understand, and they are humorous. The endings of his stories are always unexpected. He was good at describing the lives of ordinary people in different jobs in the United States.
O. Henry’s works are regarded as an encyclopedia of American life.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，介绍O. Henry的生平经历、作品特点及文学地位，内容简洁明了，重点突出。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍核心人物O. Henry的人生经历。
第二步，介绍O. Henry的代表作品、创作风格及文学评价。
[亮点词汇]
①well-known著名的
②such as例如
③be regarded as被视为
[高分句型]
His mother died when he was three years old, and he was raised by his grandmother and aunt.（when引导的时间状语从句）
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一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．He ________ fly home tomorrow, isn’t he
A．will B．won’t C．is going to D．isn’t going to
2．There were many flowers in the park last year, ________
A．aren’t there B．isn’t there C．wasn’t there D．weren’t there
3．Jenny will ________ make such a mistake.
A．no long B．not long C．no longer D．not longer
4．They ________ leave their hometown during the war.
A．are forcing to B．are forced to C．were forcing to D．were forced to
5．I have trouble ________ the speaker.
A．understand B．understanding
C．to understand D．for understanding
6．He was happy to pass the exam ________ .
A．succeed B．successful C．success D．successfully
7．________, we weren’t used to living in the village but now we like the life here.
A．First B．Firstly C．At first D．On first
8．He wants to stay at home ________ going out to play with his classmates on weekends because he isn’t outgoing.
A．instead B．instead of C．in place D．in the place
9．His grandfather _________ since 2014.
A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．was dead
10．He is good at English. ________, he is weak in maths.
A．But B．While C．Although D．However
11．He didn’t tell the teacher the reason he was late for class.
A．that B．which C．why D．who
12．The government is taking measures to stop people ________ more trees.
A．to cutting down B．to cut down C．cutting down D．cut down
13．________ can you deal with the used pens
A．What B．How C．When D．Where
14．In order to sell more products, we should come up with more ________ ideas.
A．awful B．creative C．magical D．traditional
15．Danny didn’t go to school yesterday ________ he was ill.
A．as B．so C．because D．while
二、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Long long ago, there was a huge apple tree. And a little boy loved to come 16 play around it every day. He climbed to the tree top, ate the apples or played under the tree. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play 17 him.
Time went by. The little boy had 18 and he no longer played around the tree.
One day, the boy came back to the tree and 19 unhappy. “Come and play with me,” the tree asked the boy.
“I am no longer a kid. I do not play around trees any more.” the boy 20 , “I want toys. I need 21 to buy them.” “Sorry, but I don’t have money. But you can pick all my apples and 22 them. So, you will have money.” The boy was 23 . He picked all the apples on the tree an I left. The boy didn’t come back 24 he picked the apples. The tree was 25 .
One day, the boy 26 and the tree was so excited, “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “Well, I don’t have time to play. I have to work for a new 27 . Can you help me ” “Sorry, but I don’t have a house. But you can 28 my branches to build your house.” So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left 29 .
The tree was glad to see him full of joy but the boy didn’t appear. Since then the tree felt again 30 and sad.
16．A．so B．but C．or D．and
17．A．with B．against C．around D．for
18．A．grown up B．stood up C．lain down D．put down
19．A．fell B．saw C．looked D．sounded
20．A．asked B．replied C．told D．laughed
21．A．money B．wood C．branches D．apple
22．A．cook B．eat C．sell D．offer
23．A．surprised B．excited C．nervous D．sorry
24．A．if B．before C．when D．after
25．A．sad B．afraid C．pleased D．angry
26．A．disappeared B．left C．moved D．returned
27．A．kitchen B．yard C．home D．house
28．A．take off B．get off C．cut off D．put off
29．A．happily B．seriously C．slowly D．silently
30．A．alone B．lonely C．proud D．satisfied
三、阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike (雷击的路径). The experiment suggests that in the future, lasers might be useful for protecting large buildings from lightning.
Lightning can be extremely powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. Lightning strike can cause fires, destroy buildings, and even kill people. The damage from lightning costs billions of dollars every year. In the US, lightning strikes killed close to 450 people between 2006 and 2021.
Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. Now the best Way is by putting metal rods (金属竿) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. Some buildings—such as airports are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods.
Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. Scientists had been working on the idea for over 20 years. They have successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a lab. But until the summer of 2021, scientists could guide lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning tor meters.
The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge (电荷). The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. Scientist Matteo Clerici said, “The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.”
But the laser still didn’t guide the lightning as far as the scientists would like. Besides, the laser is also very expensive. The scientists say it cost about $2 billion. It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.
31．To know how powerful lightning can be, which paragraph can we read
A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5.
32．What is the laser technology expected to protect
A．High-rise buildings. B．Large buildings.
C．Beautiful buildings. D．Important buildings.
33．Why are lasers not used widely for changing the path of lightning strike now
A．Putting metal rods on the buildings is the best way.
B．Some buildings are so large that it’s difficult to protect.
C．Lasers are only able to guide lightning for a short distance
D．Lasers are so expensive that scientists can’t pay for experimenting.
34．What can we learn from what Matteo Clerici said
A．Scientists still need to work harder to achieve a greater success.
B．It is not easy for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside.
C．Scientists need to change working environment in next experiments.
D．It is a great progress for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside.
35．What can we get to know at the end of the passage
A．Behind bad luck comes good luck.
B．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
C．There is still a long way to go before a laser can really work.
D．For scientists, working together is better than working alone.
B
Scientists are known for being creative and full of new ideas. Recently, they added amazing ideas to the following inventions that make a big difference to people’s lives.
The Robot SuitcaseIf you are afraid to forget something at the airport, you will love the idea behind this robot suitcase. First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.
Electronic ChopsticksScientists at an American university have invented a pair of electronic chopsticks that can change the taste of food. When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty. Soon the scientists are going to try their technology on bottles, cups and spoons.
Talking GlovesA pair of gloves helps people to communicate with someone who has hearing and speaking problems. The gloves are equipped with sensors (传感器). They recognize body language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words. Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.
Environmental ShoesEvery step you take is helping cut down the air pollution. This is not in science fiction. A team from Europe has invented such a pair of shoes. The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air. If you wear the shoes and walk one kilometer, the shoes can clean the air polluted by eight cars.
36．How many uses of the “Robot Suitcase” are mentioned
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
37．If today’s dish is too salty, which invention can people use to change the taste of food
A．The shoes. B．The gloves. C．The suitcase. D．The chopsticks.
38．What can “Talking Gloves” help people to understand
A．Spoken words. B．Written words. C．Body language. D．The text on the smartphone.
39．What can the shoes invented by the team from Europe do
A．Drive cars. B．Take in dirty air.
C．Pollute the clean air. D．Play science fiction.
40．Where can you probably read this passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a tour guide book.
C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a technology magazine.
C
A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it
·If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. ·If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. ·If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
41．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The situation. B．The crime scene.
C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known.
42．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”
A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns paying. D．Their parents pay for them.
43．How does the author explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion.
44．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
45．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
(①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph 2,…)
A．B．C． D．
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。
46．The school music festival is (normal) in October and it is very popular.
47．My mother always （tie）back her hair when she cooks.
48．I can’t stand loud music because it makes me (comfortable).
49．It’s very (danger) for us to use the phone while crossing the road.
50．To get (far) details, please call this telephone number.
51．Many great (发明家) make a difference to our lives.
52．His family (支持) him in his decision in the past.
53．I wish that we could travel to space by (宇宙飞船) one day.
54．I'm better at （物理）than Kate, but she is better at history than me.
55．The (主题) of the meeting is environmental protection.
五、阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
On June 9th, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, a headline in The New York Times read: “Death of the Great Novelist…Will Be Remembered by the People…”
The headline was not overstating (夸大) the popularity of Dickens. Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some unforgettable characters. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies. Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and TV adaptations (改编版本) of Dickens’ works. A Christmas Carol alone has had nearly 50.
Natalie Mcknight is a literature professor (文学教授) who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. He tried hard to produce emotional effects (情感效果) among his readers. In his works, he paid special attention to the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think. Many other 19th-century novelists wrote entertaining (娱乐的) works. However, few of them worked as hard as Dickens to touch the readers deeply.
Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality (不平等) and gave voice to the poor. His works led to many important social changes. Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed.
Why not read or re-read some of his famous works in the coming winter holiday
56．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
57．According to Natalie Mcknight, why has Dickens remained so popular as a novelist
58．What could the readers know about when they read Dickens’ novels
59．Why does the writer say “His works led to many important social changes.”
60．Why does the writer write the passage
六、缺词填空（共 10空；每空1分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
On the outskirts (市郊) of Tianjin, a group of passengers excitedly get 61 a black-and-white “panda bus.” They then buy their tickets by scanning (扫描) their hands. About a minute out of the station, the driver hands over (移交) control to the bus’s self-driving mode. At a slow speed, the technology 62 (guide) it along a straight road. The bus stops for lights before 63 /'pɑ k / at the next stop. “It’s very convenient,” says one passenger. “And kids love it.”
The “panda bus” was 64 (develop) by DeepBlue Technology, one of China’s leading artificial intelligence (AI, 人工智能) companies. It is already operating in ten cities across China. The company’s goal is to 65 /ri t / ten more cities by the end of this year.
DeepBlue has also 66 (begin) selling “panda buses” to foreign 67 (country), such as Greece and Thailand. Both Greece and Thailand have signed 68 agreement with the company. 69 , Chen Haibo, CEO of DeepBlue, is unclear about the future of AI. “There’s still a long way to go before the technology becomes more 70 /'wa dl / used,” he said.
Would you like to take a ride on a “panda bus”
七、书面表达（计30分）
A.句子翻译（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在横线上。
71．他们使用的表达方式可能取决于他们和谁在说话或者他们有多么熟悉。
72．我下班回家后更喜欢听能让我放松的音乐。
73．因为她，我付出了更多的努力，我的分数翻倍了。
74．我们物理老师不可能在实验室里，因为他出国了。
75．我们应当学会防范我们周边可能有的任何危险。
B.写作（计20分）
76．假如你是李华，是学校英文周刊的一名记者。为了让同学们了解一些国外著名作家，下周英文周刊将刊登有关国外作家的文章。请你根据下面表格中的提示信息，写一篇英语短文，介绍美国著名作家欧·亨利，发表在周刊上。
欧·亨利（1862—1910）是一位著名的美国作家，也是美国现代短篇小说的奠基人。
人生经历：1.三岁丧母，由祖母和姑姑养大； 2.从事过歌手、银行职员、记者等工作。
著名作品：《麦琪的礼物》；《最后一片叶子》 作品特点： 1.短小精悍，易于理解，具有幽默性； 2.结局出人意料； 3.善于描写美国各行各业普通人的生活。 作品评价：美国人生活的百科全书。
要求：1.包含提示信息，可以根据自己对该作家的了解，适当增添内容；
2.条理清晰，语句通顺，行文连贯；
3.100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
A famous American writer—O. Henry
O. Henry was a well-known American writer and the founder of modern American short stories.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：他明天要坐飞机回家，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句的用法。will将；won’t将不会；is going to将；isn’t going to不会。根据“isn’t he”可知设空处应用肯定形式，排除BD选项，且设空处应用be动词，排除A选项。故选C。
2．D
【解析】句意：去年公园里有很多花，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。主句为“There be”句型的过去时肯定句，反意疑问句需与主句时态及动词形式保持一致，故用过去时否定形式“weren’t there”。故选D。
3．C
【解析】句意：珍妮不会再犯这样的错误了。
考查副词短语no longer。no long错误表达；not long错误表达；no longer不再；not longer错误表达。结合“make such a mistake.”可知，这里要填副词短语no longer，修饰谓语动词，表示不再犯这样的错误。故选C。
4．D
【解析】句意：在战争期间他们被迫离开他们的家乡。
考查动词的时态和语态。are forcing to正在强迫，现在进行时主动语态；are forced to被强迫，一般现在时被动语态；were forcing to正在强迫，过去进行时主动语态；were forced to被强迫，一般过去时被动语态。分析句子可知，主语They此处表示被动含义，表示“他们被强迫”，使用被动语态。根据时间状语“during the war”可知，应用一般过去时态。故选D。
5．B
【解析】句意：我很难理解演讲者 (的话)。
考查非谓语动词。have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，固定搭配，其中“in”可省略；因此，这里应用动名词形式understanding。故选B。
6．D
【解析】句意：他很高兴成功地通过了考试。
考查副词用法。succeed成功，动词；successful成功的。形容词；success成功，名词；successfully成功地，副词。根据语境可知，此处需要填入一个词来修饰动词pass，表示“成功地通过”，所以应该用副词successfully。故选D。
7．C
【解析】句意：起初，我们不习惯住在村子里，但现在我们喜欢这里的生活。
考查词汇辨析。First首先；Firstly第一，用于列举事物的顺序；At first起初；On first错误搭配。根据“but now”可知，此处指和现在对比，说明起初不习惯住在村子里，现在喜欢这里的生活了。故选C。
8．B
【解析】句意：他周末想待在家里，而不是和同学出去玩，因为他不外向。
考查副词和介词短语辨析。instead而不是，副词，常放在句末；instead of代替，介词短语；in place在对的位置；in the place在那个地方。根据“He wants to stay at home....going out to play with his classmates on weekends”可知，这里指而不是和同学出去玩，所以此处应用介词短语，故选B。
9．C
【解析】句意：他的祖父自2014年起就去世了。
考查现在完成时。根据“since 2014.”可知是自2014年就去世了，从过去的时间点延续到现在用现在完成时态have/has done；die“死亡”，是非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用，应用be dead表状态，其完成时态的结构为have/has been dead。故选C。
10．D
【解析】句意：他擅长英语。然而，他不擅长数学。
考查连词辨析。But但是；While同时；Although虽然；However然而。根据“He is good at English”和“he is weak in maths”可知，前后两句句意存在转折，应用but或however；分析原句结构可知，空格后有标点，应用however连接。故选D。
11．C
【解析】句意：他没有告诉老师他上课迟到的原因。
考查定语从句。that关系代词，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；why关系副词，先行词为the reason，在从句中作状语；who关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据“the reason”为先行词且从句成分完整可知，此处的定语从句需要用关系副词why连接。故选C。
12．C
【解析】句意：政府正在采取措施阻止人们砍伐更多的树木。
考查非谓语动词。根据“The government is taking measures to stop people…more trees.”可知，此处考查：stop sb doing sth，固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”，所以此处应填入动名词cutting down。故选C。
13．B
【解析】句意：你能怎样处理这些用过的钢笔呢？
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；How怎样；When什么时候；Where在哪里。句中“deal with the used pens”意为“处理用过的钢笔”，其中“the used pens”为“deal with”的宾语，因此这里不需要用“What”来提问“处理的事情”，应用“How”来询问处理用过的钢笔的方法。故选B。
14．B
【解析】句意：为了卖出更多的产品，我们应该想出更多的创意。
考查形容词词义辨析。awful糟糕的；creative有创意的；magical神奇的；traditional传统的。根据“In order to sell more products,”可知，为了卖出更多的产品，我们应该想出更多有创意的想法。故选B。
15．C
【解析】句意：Danny昨天没有去上学，因为他生病了。
考查连词辨析。as因为，随着；so因此，所以；because因为；while当……时候，然而。根据语境可知，此处是在解释Danny昨天没有去上学的原因，即他生病了，所以应该用because表示原因。as虽可表原因，但语气较弱，多引导显而易见或附带的原因，且常置于句首，此处语境更侧重直接、明确的因果，不适用。故选C。
16．D 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了小男孩和树的故事。当小男孩小的时候，喜欢和树一起玩。长大后，小男孩离开树，只有在小男孩需要什么或者遇到麻烦的时候，才会回到树身边。
16．句意：一个小男孩喜欢每天来它周围玩。
so所以；but但是；or或者；and和。根据“come...play around it”可知此处表示并列动作，用and连接。故选D。
17．句意：这棵树也喜欢和他一起玩。
with和；against反对；around周围；for为了。根据“the tree loved to play...him”可知树喜欢和小男孩玩。故选A。
18．句意：小男孩长大了，他不再围着树玩了。
grown up长大；stood up站起来；lain down躺下；put down放下。根据“Time went by”可知随着时间的流逝，小男孩长大了。故选A。
19．句意：一天，男孩回到树旁，看起来很不高兴。
fell落下；saw看见；looked看；sounded听起来。根据“unhappy”可知是看起来不开心。故选C。
20．句意：男孩回答说。
asked问；replied回答；told告诉；laughed笑。根据“the tree asked the boy”可知这是小男孩回答树的话。故选B。
21．句意：我需要钱来买。
money钱；wood木头；branches树枝；apple苹果。根据“to buy them”可知是需要钱买玩具。故选A。
22．句意：但你可以把我所有的苹果都摘下来卖。
cook做饭；eat吃；sell卖；offer提供。根据“So, you will have money.”可知把苹果卖了会得到钱。故选C。
23．句意：男孩很兴奋。
surprised吃惊的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；sorry抱歉的。根据“So, you will have money.”可知小男孩把苹果卖了可以得到钱，所以他应该很高兴。故选B。
24．句意：那个男孩摘了苹果后没有回来。
if如果；before在……之前；when当；after在……之后。根据“he picked the apples”可知他摘了苹果之后没有回来。故选D。
25．句意：这棵树很伤心。
sad悲伤的；afraid害怕的；pleased高兴的；angry生气的。根据“The boy didn’t come back”可知小男孩没有回来，树很伤心。故选A。
26．句意：一天，男孩回来了，树非常兴奋。
disappointed失望；left离开；moved移动；returned返回。根据“and the tree was so excited”可知小男孩回来了，树才开心。故选D。
27．句意：我必须为一所新房子工作。
kitchen厨房；yard院子；home家；house房子。根据“but I don’t have a house”可知此处指房子。故选D。
28．句意：但你可以剪掉我的树枝来盖你的房子。
take off起飞；get off下车；cut off切断；put off推迟。根据“the boy cut all the branches”可知是剪掉树枝。故选C。
29．句意：于是男孩剪掉了所有的树枝，高兴地离开了。
happily开心地；seriously严肃地；slowly慢慢地；silently默默地。根据“So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left”可知小男孩可以用树枝建造房子，所以应该很高兴。故选A。
30．句意：从那以后，这棵树又感到孤独和悲伤。
alone独自；lonely孤独的；proud骄傲的；satisfied满足的。根据“The tree was glad to see him full of joy but the boy didn’t appear.”可知小男孩再也没有出现过，树应感到很孤独。故选B。
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家正尝试使用激光技术来改变雷击的路径，以便保护更大的区域范围。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lightning can be extremely powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. ”可知，从第二段我们可以知道闪电有多强大。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.”可知，激光技术是被期望于保护大型建筑的，故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Using a powerful laser, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning tor meters”可知，激光只能把闪电导出一小段距离，所以还不能广泛用于改变雷击的路径。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Scientist Matteo Clerici said, ‘The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.’”可知，从Matteo Clerici的话中，我们可以知道科学家用室外激光引导闪电是一个很大的进步，故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.”可知，在激光真正发挥作用之前，还有很长的路要走。故选C。
36．C 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文介绍了四种发明。
36．细节理解题。根据“First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.”可知首先，行李箱可以跟随它的主人。它还可以在途中远离其他东西。当有人试图把它拿走时，它甚至可以报警。因此共提到三种用法。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty.”可知当你把筷子放进嘴里时，它们可以让味道变得更好，比如让甜食尝起来更甜，让咸味食物变得不那么咸。因此“电子筷子”可以改变食物的味道。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.”可知可以很容易地理解残疾人的肢体语言。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air.”可知鞋子可以吸入肮脏的空气，并释放出干净的空气。故选B。
40．推理判断题。本文介绍了四种发明。因此可以在技术杂志上看到。故选D。
41．C 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍学习语言的一些方法。
41．推理判断题。根据“the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.”可知，当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时，第一件要做的事情是判断情况，查看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。此处it指的是“一个新的和困难的单词”，故选C。
42．推理判断题。根据“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭，你先付钱，下次由对方付钱。“alternating paying”的意思是“轮流付钱”，故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来解释他对词根的看法，故选B。
44．推理判断题。根据“ ‘Sen’ from the Latin word means ‘old’.”可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，意思是“老”，结合选项“My brother is my senior by two years.”表示“我哥哥比我大两岁”与之相符，故选A。
45．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二段介绍处理文本时需要注意的东西；第三、四段介绍前后缀和词根的问题；第五段总结。故选B。
46．normally
【解析】句意：学校音乐节通常在十月举办，而且很受欢迎 。 此处修饰谓语 “is” 所在的整个句子，需用副词。“normal” 是形容词，意为 “正常的；常规的” ，其副词形式 “normally” 表示 “通常；正常地” ，符合语境。故填 normally 。
47．ties
【解析】句意：我妈妈做饭时总是把头发扎起来。根据“always”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语“My mother”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“tie”要变为第三人称单数形式“ties”。故填ties。
48．uncomfortable
【解析】句意：我不能忍受吵闹的音乐，因为它使我不舒服。根据“I can’t stand loud music”可知，不能忍受吵闹的音乐，是因为它使我不舒服，应用comfortable的反义词uncomfortable“不舒服的”，形容词作宾补。故填uncomfortable。
49．dangerous
【解析】句意：对我们来说，过马路时使用手机是非常危险的。danger“危险”，根据“It’s very ...”可知，此处需要形容词作表语，danger的形容词dangerous“危险的”，符合语境。故填dangerous。
50．further
【解析】句意：要了解更多的细节信息，请拨打这个号码。details为名词，其前应用形容词修饰。结合语境，此处应是说“更多的”详细信息，因此应用形容词far的比较级further，表示程度上更进一步的。故填further。
51．inventors
【解析】句意：许多伟大的发明家对我们的生活产生了很大的影响。根据汉语提示可知，inventor“发明家”，可数名词；根据“Many”可知，空格处应用名词复数。故填inventors。
52．supported
【解析】句意：他的家人在过去支持他的决定。根据“in the past”可知，句子应该使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。动词support表示“支持”，此处support应变为过去式supported。故填supported。
53．spacecraft
【解析】句意：我希望有一天我们能乘宇宙飞船去太空旅行。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填spacecraft“宇宙飞船”，介词by后面加名词作宾语。故填spacecraft。
54．physics
【解析】句意：我比凯特更擅长物理，但她比我更擅长历史。“物理” 的英文是 “physics”，为不可数名词作宾语。故填physics。
55．theme
【解析】句意：会议的主题是环境保护。根据“The...of the meeting”可知，横线处需填名词，主题“theme”，名词，此处表示会议的主题，用单数形式。故填theme。
56．It’s about the popularity of Dickens. 57．Because Dickens wrote from his heart. 58．They can know about the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, the social reality at that time, the social inequality, poor people’s rising and success, and so on. 59．Because he used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. 60．To encourage readers to read or re-read Charles Dickens’ works in the coming winter holiday.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是狄更斯受欢迎的原因以及作品的现实意义，鼓励人们阅读或重新阅读狄更斯的著名作品。
56．根据“The headline was not overstating (夸大) the popularity of Dickens.”以及结合段落内容，可知第二段主要讲了狄更斯的受欢迎程度，故填It’s about the popularity of Dickens.
57．根据“She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart.”可知，根据Natalie Mcknight，她认为狄更斯受欢迎的原因是因为他是发自内心的创作。故填Because Dickens wrote from his heart.
58．根据“In his works, he paid special attention to the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think.”可知，我们能从狄更斯的作品中了解到英国社会底层的“小人物”、当时的社会现实、社会不公平等等。故填They can know about the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, the social reality at that time, the social inequality, poor people’s rising and success, and so on.
59．根据“ Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality (不平等) and gave voice to the poor.”可知，狄更斯的作品导致了许多重要的社会变革但是因为他用笔与社会不平等作斗争，为穷人发声。故填Because he used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor.
60．根据“Why not read or re-read some of his famous works in the coming winter holiday ”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了鼓励大家在寒假阅读或者重新阅读狄更斯的作品。故填To encourage readers to read or re-read Charles Dickens’ works in the coming winter holiday.
61．on 62．guides 63．parking 64．developed 65．reach 66．begun 67．countries 68．an 69．However 70．widely
【导语】本文介绍了能刷手的熊猫公共汽车。
61．句意：在天津郊区，一群乘客兴奋地上了一辆黑白相间的“熊猫巴士”。get on“上车”，固定搭配。故填on。
62．句意：这项技术以缓慢的速度引导它沿着一条笔直的道路前进。分析句子可知，此处缺少谓语，根据“the driver hands over …”可知，文章为一般现在时，technology是主语，动词应用第三人称单数。故填guides。
63．句意：公共汽车在下一站停车前停下来等灯。根据音标提示可知英文表达是parking，意为“停车”，before介词，介词后用动词ing形式。故填parking。
64．句意：“熊猫巴士”由中国领先的人工智能公司之一深蓝科技开发。根据“was … by”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，应用其过去分词。故填developed。
65．句意：该公司的目标是到今年年底再覆盖十个城市。根据音标提示可知英文表达是reach，意为“到达”，动词，to后加动词原形。故填reach。
66．句意：DeepBlue还开始向希腊和泰国等外国出售“熊猫巴士”。根据“has also …”可知，此处应用现在完成时，has后接动词的过去分词，begun是其过去分词。故填begun。
67．句意：DeepBlue还开始向希腊和泰国等外国出售“熊猫巴士”。根据“such as Greece and Thailand”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填countries。
68．句意：希腊和泰国都与该公司签署了协议。根据“signed … agreement”可知，签订了协议，an用于元音音素开头的单词之前。故填an。
69．句意：然而，DeepBlue首席执行官陈海波并不确定人工智能的未来。根据通读本段可知，前面说了“熊猫巴士”已经卖向了国外，但陈海波说这项技术还有很长的路要走，前后是转折关系，位于句首后有逗号，应用However“然而”。故填However。
70．句意：他说：“这项技术要得到更广泛的应用，还有很长的路要走。”。根据音标提示可知英文表达是widely，意为“广泛地”，副词，多音节词，比较级在词前加more。故填widely。
71．The expressions (that/which) they use might depend on whom they are talking to or how well they know each other.
【解析】根据题干可知，时态为一般现在时。他们使用的表达方式：The expressions (that/which) they use，that/which引导定语从句，作宾语可省略；可能：might，情态动词，后跟动词原形；取决于：depend on；他们和谁在说话：whom they are talking to，为宾语从句，作depend on的宾语；此处用现在进行时，结构为“be doing”，talk to表示“和……说话”，whom作to的宾语；他们有多么熟悉：how well they know each other，疑问副词how引导宾语从句，主语为they，动词know用动词原形；or “或者”，并列连词，连接两个宾语从句。故填The expressions (that/which) they use might depend on whom they are talking to or how well they know each other.
72．I prefer to listen to music that/which can help me relax/relax me/can make me relaxed after I come back home from work.
【解析】结合句意，该句为一般现在时。主语为I；“更喜欢做某事”prefer to do sth.；“听音乐”为listen to music；“能让我放松的”是定语，修饰“音乐”，引导词用that或which，“能”为can，“让我放松”为help me relax/relax me/can make me relaxed；“在……之后”为after；“下班回家”为come back home from work，故填I prefer to listen to music that/which can help me relax/relax me/can make me relaxed after I come back home from work.
73．Because of her, I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.
【解析】because of her因为她，I我，put in more effort付出了更多的努力，and并且，my exam scores double我的分数翻倍了；时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填Because of her, I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.
74．Our physics teacher can’t be in the lab, because he has gone abroad.
【解析】our“我们的”；physics teacher“物理老师”；can’t be“不可能是”；in the lab“在实验室里”；because“因为”，引导原因状语从句；结合汉语提示可知，从句用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，he“他”，作从句主语，has gone abroad“已经出国了”。故填Our physics teacher can’t be in the lab, because he has gone abroad.
75．We should learn to guard against any possible danger around us.
【解析】根据汉语提示可知此句是含有情态动词的肯定句，我们“we”，作主语；应当学会“ should learn to”，作谓语；防范可能有的任何危险“guard against any possible dange”，作宾语；我们周边“around us”，作状语。故填We should learn to guard against any possible danger around us.
76．例文
A famous American writer—O. Henry
O. Henry was a well-known American writer and the founder of modern American short stories. He had a hard life. His mother died when he was three years old, and he was raised by his grandmother and aunt. He worked as a singer, a bank clerk, a journalist and so on.
O. Henry wrote many famous works, such as The Gift of the Magi and The Last Leaf. His works are short and easy to understand, and they are humorous. The endings of his stories are always unexpected. He was good at describing the lives of ordinary people in different jobs in the United States.
O. Henry’s works are regarded as an encyclopedia of American life.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，介绍O. Henry的生平经历、作品特点及文学地位，内容简洁明了，重点突出。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍核心人物O. Henry的人生经历。
第二步，介绍O. Henry的代表作品、创作风格及文学评价。
[亮点词汇]
①well-known著名的
②such as例如
③be regarded as被视为
[高分句型]
His mother died when he was three years old, and he was raised by his grandmother and aunt.（when引导的时间状语从句）
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