2026届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句课件(共20张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句课件(共20张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-11-01 07:16:16 | ||
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(共20张PPT)
高考英语
重点语法思维导图
专题十 定语从句
01
1.限制性定语从句
从句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明确，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。
2.非限制性定语从句
从句是对主句或先行词的补充说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。
This is the house which we bought last month.
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
定语从句的种类
当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词或指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。
非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句的内容作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
02
关系代词和关系副词
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
which 物 主语、宾语
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物或主句 主语、宾语、表语
关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
03
1. 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词。
2. 先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被它们修饰。
3. 先行词被the only, the very （正好）, the last, all, any, every, no, little, much等限定词修饰。
4. 先行词中既有人也有物。
5. which或who作主句主语的特殊疑问句。
I will tell you everything that I know.
What is the first foreign city that you have ever been to
只能用关系代词that
Chatting is the only thing that interests her.
Who is the boy that is lying under the tree
The things and persons that they mentioned are strange to me.
04
（1）引导非限制性定语从句。
His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.
She lost the game,which depressed her greatly.
（2）“介词+关系代词”结构中。
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all the money that I saved.
（3）先行词是that。
What is that which you put into your schoolbag just now
只用关系代词which
05
1.关系代词的选用
若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词+whose+名词”结构。
2.介词的选用
（1）根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。
（2）根据语意表达的需要来确定。
（3）根据表达的需要也可用介词短语，如by means of, as a result of等。
（4）表示整体和部分关系时，介词常用of。
（5）“名词+of+关系代词”引导定语从句时，可与“whose+名词”替换。
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in whose village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life.
She lives in a house, the windows of which（= whose windows） face to the east.
“介词+where”引导的定语从句
这一结构是为了让句意表达更清楚，要从意思上与“介词+which”引导的定语从句加以区别。
His head soon appeared out of the window, from where he saw nothing but trees.
（from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window）
05
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
06
1.as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，往往表示“正如……；正像……的那样”，常用于as we （all） know, as is known （to all）, as is mentioned above, as is reported （in the newspaper）, as is often the case 等句式中，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可置于句末；通常用逗号将其与主句隔开。
2.当先行词由the same修饰时，可用that或as引导定语从句。that引导的定语从句表示“同一个”，as引导的定语从句表示“同一类”。
3.so/such ... that ...引导结果状语从句时， that在从句中不充当成分；而在so/such ... as ...中， as在定语从句中充当成分。
as引导定语从句
Light travels much faster than sound, as we all know.
This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. （同类型的另一个）
He is so clever a boy as we all like. （as在从句中作宾语）
关系代词as和which的区别
1.位置不同。
as引导的定语从句可位于句首、句中、句末；which引导的定语从句不能位于句首。
2.意义不同。
as意为“正如；就像”，引导的从句表达人的观点、事物的习惯性等意义，主要起承上启下的作用；which意为“这一点”，引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，补充说明主句的状态或结果。
3.当先行词被such, so, as等词修饰时，一般用as引导定语从句。
06
as引导定语从句
07
关系副词引导的定语从句
先行词 关系副词 句法功能 与“介词+关系代词”的关
系
表示时间的名词：time,day,year等 when 时间状语 =at/in/on/ during which
表示场所的名词： park,place,country,house等 where 地点状语 =at/in/on/to which
表示理由的名词：the reason why 原因 状语 =for which
注意：当先行词为point， situation， case， stage等表示抽象地点的名词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
08
1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数须与先行词的数保持一致。
（1）先行词为“one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式。
He is one of the students that have ever won the prize.
（2）先行词为“the only one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式。
He is the only one of the students that has ever won the prize.
（3）在非限制性定语从句中，当关系代词as或which替代整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用单数形式。
John won the first prize, as is often the case.
2.关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但介词后面的关系代词不能省略。
The man （whom） I was talking to is my brother.
定语从句中的主谓一致及关系代词的省略
1.【2025年全国一卷】An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 ______________originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
2.【2025年全国二卷】I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 36___________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free - range, and central heating doesn’t exist.
09
高考真题
which
where
3.【2025年北京卷】However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 ____________accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
4.【2025年1月浙江卷】Tanya is also looking beyond special - occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63__________ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer - term rental period.
09
高考真题
which
which
5.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route _________________brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
6.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ______________became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
09
高考真题
which/that
which
7.【2024新课标Ⅱ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, __________is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
8.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood, ___________doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
09
高考真题
who
who
9.【2024浙江1月卷】Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way________________will make them the most money.
10.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 43__________ welcomes the fast - paced development of modern life, with 21st - century architectural 44 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
09
高考真题
that/which
that/which
1.【2025 吉林省普通高中高三一模】Ancient Africans were pioneers of early civilization, 39______ can be proved with the evidence that early African societies excelled in fields such as engineering, mathematics, writing even navigation.
2.【2025 云南省保山市高三摸底】Now, it is much easier for passengers to purchase tickets. An online and mobile application ticket system was launched in March last year, 38______ enables Internet - based ticket sales and supports payment methods such as WeChat, Alipay, UnionPay and VISA.
10
最新试题
which
which
3.【2025 浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考】Thus, the Indian movie industry's further development solely depends on domestic companies' capability to cooperate with western filmmakers, 65______ will facilitate the promotion of a product appealing to diverse audiences.
4.【2025 湖北省腾云联盟高三联考】The 1,035 - kilometer railway, 39______ is a flagship project under the China - proposed Belt and Road Initiative, connects Kunming, the capital of Southwest China's Yunnan province, with the Laotian capital, Vientiane.
10
最新试题
which
which
5.【2025 海南省海口市高三摸底】Also called the Double Fifth Festival, the festival, 37______ falls on June 7 this year, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar.
6.【2025 安徽省芜湖市第一中学教学质量诊断】Traditional Chinese aesthetic 美（学的）concepts are reflected in the drum playing, pace and formation changes, all of 43______ represent distinctive local features.
10
最新试题
which
which
谢谢观看
高考英语
重点语法思维导图
专题十 定语从句
01
1.限制性定语从句
从句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明确，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。
2.非限制性定语从句
从句是对主句或先行词的补充说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。
This is the house which we bought last month.
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
定语从句的种类
当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词或指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。
非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句的内容作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
02
关系代词和关系副词
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
which 物 主语、宾语
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物或主句 主语、宾语、表语
关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
03
1. 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词。
2. 先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被它们修饰。
3. 先行词被the only, the very （正好）, the last, all, any, every, no, little, much等限定词修饰。
4. 先行词中既有人也有物。
5. which或who作主句主语的特殊疑问句。
I will tell you everything that I know.
What is the first foreign city that you have ever been to
只能用关系代词that
Chatting is the only thing that interests her.
Who is the boy that is lying under the tree
The things and persons that they mentioned are strange to me.
04
（1）引导非限制性定语从句。
His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.
She lost the game,which depressed her greatly.
（2）“介词+关系代词”结构中。
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all the money that I saved.
（3）先行词是that。
What is that which you put into your schoolbag just now
只用关系代词which
05
1.关系代词的选用
若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词+whose+名词”结构。
2.介词的选用
（1）根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。
（2）根据语意表达的需要来确定。
（3）根据表达的需要也可用介词短语，如by means of, as a result of等。
（4）表示整体和部分关系时，介词常用of。
（5）“名词+of+关系代词”引导定语从句时，可与“whose+名词”替换。
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in whose village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life.
She lives in a house, the windows of which（= whose windows） face to the east.
“介词+where”引导的定语从句
这一结构是为了让句意表达更清楚，要从意思上与“介词+which”引导的定语从句加以区别。
His head soon appeared out of the window, from where he saw nothing but trees.
（from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window）
05
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
06
1.as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，往往表示“正如……；正像……的那样”，常用于as we （all） know, as is known （to all）, as is mentioned above, as is reported （in the newspaper）, as is often the case 等句式中，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可置于句末；通常用逗号将其与主句隔开。
2.当先行词由the same修饰时，可用that或as引导定语从句。that引导的定语从句表示“同一个”，as引导的定语从句表示“同一类”。
3.so/such ... that ...引导结果状语从句时， that在从句中不充当成分；而在so/such ... as ...中， as在定语从句中充当成分。
as引导定语从句
Light travels much faster than sound, as we all know.
This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. （同类型的另一个）
He is so clever a boy as we all like. （as在从句中作宾语）
关系代词as和which的区别
1.位置不同。
as引导的定语从句可位于句首、句中、句末；which引导的定语从句不能位于句首。
2.意义不同。
as意为“正如；就像”，引导的从句表达人的观点、事物的习惯性等意义，主要起承上启下的作用；which意为“这一点”，引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，补充说明主句的状态或结果。
3.当先行词被such, so, as等词修饰时，一般用as引导定语从句。
06
as引导定语从句
07
关系副词引导的定语从句
先行词 关系副词 句法功能 与“介词+关系代词”的关
系
表示时间的名词：time,day,year等 when 时间状语 =at/in/on/ during which
表示场所的名词： park,place,country,house等 where 地点状语 =at/in/on/to which
表示理由的名词：the reason why 原因 状语 =for which
注意：当先行词为point， situation， case， stage等表示抽象地点的名词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
08
1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数须与先行词的数保持一致。
（1）先行词为“one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式。
He is one of the students that have ever won the prize.
（2）先行词为“the only one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式。
He is the only one of the students that has ever won the prize.
（3）在非限制性定语从句中，当关系代词as或which替代整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用单数形式。
John won the first prize, as is often the case.
2.关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但介词后面的关系代词不能省略。
The man （whom） I was talking to is my brother.
定语从句中的主谓一致及关系代词的省略
1.【2025年全国一卷】An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 ______________originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
2.【2025年全国二卷】I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 36___________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free - range, and central heating doesn’t exist.
09
高考真题
which
where
3.【2025年北京卷】However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 ____________accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
4.【2025年1月浙江卷】Tanya is also looking beyond special - occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63__________ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer - term rental period.
09
高考真题
which
which
5.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route _________________brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
6.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ______________became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
09
高考真题
which/that
which
7.【2024新课标Ⅱ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, __________is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
8.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood, ___________doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
09
高考真题
who
who
9.【2024浙江1月卷】Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way________________will make them the most money.
10.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 43__________ welcomes the fast - paced development of modern life, with 21st - century architectural 44 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
09
高考真题
that/which
that/which
1.【2025 吉林省普通高中高三一模】Ancient Africans were pioneers of early civilization, 39______ can be proved with the evidence that early African societies excelled in fields such as engineering, mathematics, writing even navigation.
2.【2025 云南省保山市高三摸底】Now, it is much easier for passengers to purchase tickets. An online and mobile application ticket system was launched in March last year, 38______ enables Internet - based ticket sales and supports payment methods such as WeChat, Alipay, UnionPay and VISA.
10
最新试题
which
which
3.【2025 浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考】Thus, the Indian movie industry's further development solely depends on domestic companies' capability to cooperate with western filmmakers, 65______ will facilitate the promotion of a product appealing to diverse audiences.
4.【2025 湖北省腾云联盟高三联考】The 1,035 - kilometer railway, 39______ is a flagship project under the China - proposed Belt and Road Initiative, connects Kunming, the capital of Southwest China's Yunnan province, with the Laotian capital, Vientiane.
10
最新试题
which
which
5.【2025 海南省海口市高三摸底】Also called the Double Fifth Festival, the festival, 37______ falls on June 7 this year, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar.
6.【2025 安徽省芜湖市第一中学教学质量诊断】Traditional Chinese aesthetic 美（学的）concepts are reflected in the drum playing, pace and formation changes, all of 43______ represent distinctive local features.
10
最新试题
which
which
谢谢观看