Welcome Unit单元基础知识复习同步练（含答案）2025-2026学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
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| 名称 | Welcome Unit单元基础知识复习同步练（含答案）2025-2026学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册 |  | |
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校本练习二十一
高一英语必修一Welcome Unit期中复习
一、词性转换
1.lecture n.讲座；教训-- lecturer n. 演讲者；讲师
2.register vt.&vi登记；注册--registration n.登记；注册
3.male adj. 男性的 n.男子--female adj.女性的；n.女子
4.nation n.国家；民族--national adj.民族的--nationality n. 国籍
5.design vt.设计；n.设计--designer n.设计者
6.formal adj.正式的；正规的-- informal adj.非正式的；非正规的
7.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的-- anxiety n.焦虑；不安
8.annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰--annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的--annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的--annoyance n.恼怒；生气；烦恼
9.frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的--frightening adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的--frighten v.使惊吓；使恐惧--fright n.惊吓；恐怖
10.impress vt.使钦佩；给...留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目--impression n.印象；感想--impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的
11. concentrate v.集中，聚精会神--concentration n. 专心，专注
12. experiment n. 实验；试验--experimental adj.实验的
13. explore v. 探索；勘探--exploration n. 勘察；研究
14. confident adj.自信的--confidence n. 信心；信任
15. organize v. 组织；安排--organized adj. 有组织的--organisation n. 组织；机构
16.strategy n 策略--strategic adj 有策略的
17.improve v 改进，改善-- improvement n 改善
18.curious adj 好奇的，求知欲强的-- curiously adv 好奇地 -- curiosity n 好奇心
pany n 公司，商行，陪伴-- accompany v 陪伴
20.personality n 性格，个性-- personal adj 个人的，亲自的 -- person n 个人-- personalize v 个性化
21.revise v 修改, 修订, 复习 -- revision n修改，修改
二、 重点短语
in exchange for sth 交换某物
by design/on purpose 有意地，故意地
right now 现在；目前；立刻；马上
do/conduct an experiment 做实验
leave/let ...alone 不打扰；不惊动
be anxious about/for 为…担心/担忧
be annoyed with sb 对某人生气
be annoyed about/at sth 为某事生气
be frightened of sth 害怕某事
be senior to 比… 年长；比…资历高
be junior to 比… 年轻；比…资历低
make/leave an impression (on/upon ...)(给…)留下好印象
concentrate on (doing) sth 专心于(做)某事
leave behind 留下；忘记带走；使落后
leave alone 不打扰；不惊动
be confident about/of sth 对某物有信心
gain (in)/lose confidence 赢得/失去自信
reflect on 考虑；反思
learning strategies 学习策略
make mind maps 制作思维导图
achieve one’s goal 实现目标
set a goal(为某人)设定目标
be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇
neither ...nor ...既不…也不…
not only ...but also ...不但…而且…
not ...but ...不是…而是…
either ...or ...或者…或者…
三、课文重点句子积累
I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好并且乐于助人。
The lab is new and the lesson was great, but the guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. 实验室是新的，课程也很棒，但是坐在我旁边的那个家伙一直试图跟我说话。
I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone!我无法集中注意力做实验。我真想告诉他请安静点，别烦我!
I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here and there’s a lot to explore at senior high. 我想念我初中的朋友，但我相信我会在这里结交新朋友，而且在高中有很多要去探索的东西。
I feel much more confident than I felt this morning. 我感觉比今天早上自信多了。
I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. 我经常问问题，但我通过实践中来学效果最好。
You'll never see me without a book or a pen. If I'm not in class, I’m either in the library or in the computer lab.你永远会看到我拿着书或笔。如果我不上课，我不是在图书馆就是在计算机实验室。
四、话题写作
假定你是高一学生李华，你从学校网站 (the school website)上得知学校模拟联合国 ( the Model UN ) 要招募(recruit) 新成员。请给负责该工作的Ms. Wang写一封信，申请加入模联。包括下列要点：
1. 个人基本信息；2. 学习情况和英语水平；3. 优势或特长；
注意: 1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ms. Wang,
I'm Li Hua, a freshman in our school. Learning on the school website that the Model UN is recruiting new members, I am writing to apply for a position.
Personally, I am very outgoing and helpful, making me quite popular with people around me. Besides, I speak very good English and I have a great command of western cultures, which will help me perform well in the Model UN. Also, politics just fascinates me and to be a diplomat（外交官） has always been my dream job. Thus, I do have the urge to have this precious opportunity.
I would be very grateful if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Lihua
五、课文内容填空
First Impression
So this is it — senior high school at last. I’m not outgoing so I’m a little __________ (anxiety) right now. I want to make a good first __________ (impress). Will I make any friends What if no one __________ (talk) to me I just __________ (have) my first maths class at senior high school! The class was difficult, __________ the teacher was kind. He even told us a funny story and everyone laughed so much! I found most of my classmates and teachers __________ (friend) and __________ (help).
This afternoon we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was great, but the guy next to me tried to talk to me __________ whole time. I couldn’t concentrate __________ the experiment. I really wanted to tell him __________ (be) quiet and leave me alone.
What a day! This morning, I was __________ (worry) that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn’t feel awkward or __________ (frighten) at all. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here and there’s a lot __________ (explore) at senior high. I feel much __________ confident than I felt this morning. I think that tomorrow __________ (be) a great day!
Write a Student Profile
My name is Ann Wells and I’m a Grade 10 student at Lakeside High School. I’m an __________ (act) person and I love sports. I’m __________ (curiosity) about everything. I often ask questions, __________ I learn best by __________ (do). My favourite subject is physics. __________ (dance) and __________ (skate) are my hobbies, and I also like to read short stories. I plan to become __________ engineer in the future.
I’m Thando Gowon. I’m 16 this year. I come from South Africa. I’m a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School. I look good, think fast, __________ play hard. You’ll never see me __________ a book or a pen. If I’m not in class, I’m __________ in the library or in the computer lab. __________ the weekends, I play computer games if I’m not busy __________ (study). My dream is __________ (start) my own IT company.
六、根据首字母或所给汉语意思填空
1. The book fair organized by the English Department is welcoming all students on and off ________(校内外).
2. To get the lovely Christmas gift, the poor man had to present his only golden watch in e________ for it.
3. The teacher finally got a________with the boy's being late again and over again.
4. --Did you run into the pretty girl by d________ ---Absolutely not,I swear（发誓）!
5.--What i________people around all judge you by the first impression ---God knows!
6.In Chinese traditional culture,s________citizens should be paid great respect to.
7. The first time I met our manager, her elegance(优雅) was planted into my mind so
________（令人难忘地）.
8. Have you ________ (报名)already for your courses next semester If not, be quick my bro!
9. He's keen on drawing others' attention all to himself in public, which is most ________（令人生气）to me.
10.---I'm sorry.Are you f________by his sudden burst of crying
-Not exactly! As a matter of fact, your cruel manner to him is kind of frightening.
Most people all over the world are a________for overnight success and fame. Actually, it is impossible.
12. Completely new here, the freshman had little ________（自信）in adaptation(适应) to the heavy study in China.
13. When talking with the teachers, we'd better use some f________ expressions spoken in a more polite way.
14.When asked about his n________(国籍),the new comer responded with much pride “America”
15. The moment the beautiful lady entered the hall, all those who had spread her rumors(谣言) fell into an a________ silence.
七、单句语法填空
1. The little boy showed great _______ (curious) about the new toy his parents bought for him.
2. To my ________ (annoy), my computer suddenly shut down when I was typing the important document.
3. This new software is ________ (design) to help students improve their writing skills more efficiently.
4. What ________ (impress) me most during the trip was the local people’s warm and friendly attitude.
5. The ________ (frighten) child clung(抓紧) to his mother’s hand when he saw the big dog rushing towards him.
6. The workers requested that their working conditions ______ (improve).
7. All the students are looking forward to ________ (visit) the science museum next weekend.
8. When he woke up, he found himself ________ (lie) on a comfortable bed in a strange room.
9. If we ________ (exchange) telephone number last week, I would have no trouble getting in touch with you now.
10. The research reveals that teenagers find it difficult to concentrate _____________ their studies after playing mobile games continuously for an hour．
11. The teacher’s patient explanation helped the students gain a better ________ (understand) of the difficult grammar point.
12. Li Ming remembers when visiting Louvre Museum ______ (impress) by a picture of a lady with a mysterious smile.
13. The ________ (organise) set up by the students aims to help those in need in the community.
14. The __________(explore) of new energy sources is of great importance for the future of our planet.
15. Tomorrow I will register _____________ the new school year.
16. She spent a lot of time ________ (prepare) for the English speech contest, hoping to get a good result.
17. The manager asked his assistant to make detailed ________ (arrange) for the upcoming meeting with the clients.
18. We should try our best to protect the environment, as it is of great ________ (important) to our future life.
19. No matter _____________ your revision plans are, it is important to stick to them.
20. The measures those environmentalists suggested in the meeting last week ______(improve) the air quality have been adopted by the government.
八、根据文本内容选择适当的短语填空
I believe I will get over all the difficulties and succeed like Chinese Women s Football Team.
The exchange student ______ calligraphy at college at the age of 20.
Faced with new teachers and classmates, I m always worried about my marks so that I can t my study.
The new school, with its beautiful campus, on me.
Employers usually decide within five minutes whether someone is the job.
You should listen to the teacher carefully and in class, which can help you learn English easily.
I'm really travelling with my friends after graduation.
_________ late he comes home, his mother will wait for him for dinner.
Doing yoga keeps you ______ and it is perfect for people who want to improve their flexibility and strength.
He would prefer to stay at home ______ go out on such a rainy day.
根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
lecture； attend；improve; register; worried; organise; concentrate
If interested in this summer camp, do remember to sign up online in two weeks.______
Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.______
Please focus on the teacher’s instructions if you want to do the experiment well.______
The monitor will plan a class party to celebrate our new school year.______
The professor will give a speech on environmental issues at the conference tomorrow. ______
All students are required to join the opening ceremony in the playground tomorrow morning.______
Tom practices speaking English every day because he wants to make progress in his oral English.______
十、 语境串记
Max was an exchange student from the UK. The first day, after a welcome speech in the lecture hall, he went to the registration office 1. ______ the aim of registering his personal information, which included name, sex, nationality, email address, etc. He was curious about everything new on campus, 2. ______ style of design was very special. There was a lot for him 3. ______ (explore). Though he was outgoing, he was quite annoyed because he didn’t know how to greet others in a formal way. He felt awkward and anxious. And he was frightened that he would make a bad 4. ______ (impress) on others.
When doing 5. ______ experiment in the school lab at eight a.m., he almost lost confidence completely, for he couldn’t perform it wonderfully. After all, 6. ______ (learn) at senior high school was different from that in junior high school. What if he fell behind other guys 7. ______ (fortunate), he had an amazing partner who told him to concentrate on the meaning of whole sentences while listening to the lectures. Another strategy was to take notes and regularly revise 8. ______ had been learnt. With the company of the partner, he set a new goal at last.
He looked forward to joining an organisation 9. ______ (establish) by Student Council to improve 10. ______ (he). He was confident that he would soon adapt to the new school life with the generous help of both his fellow classmates and teachers.
十一、阅读理解
A
Laurence Kemball-Cook，a 30-year-old engineer and inventor，is the creator of Pavegen，a paving tile （地砖） that turns the force of people's footsteps into clean，renewable energy.
"My vision is for Pavegen to be to cities what 'Intel inside' is for PCs，" he says. "I want to cover every single city in the world with our tiles.I want to turn every bridge，road and building into a kinetic-energy （动能的） device."
The idea first came to him while he was studying industrial design and technology at university.He was challenged to design a strict light that's powered by solar or by wind. "But when the sun's not shining or when the wind's not blowing there's no power.So I tried for a year and I failed." he recalled.
"I was really upset.Then one day I was walking through Victoria Station in London and I thought about all the people there.I'd read that 38，000 people an hour walked through the station.What if we could use that energy as a power source？"
Laurence admits， "The idea of generating energy from footsteps isn't new and other people have tried it.But the power is so low that you can never do anything meaningful with that energy." Laurence took a different route.The weight of a footstep on his tile makes a horizontal flywheel inside it rotate （旋转）. "The more people walk，the more this flywheel spins，" he explains. "Then we take the power from the flywheel as we need it.We can suck it out bit by bit."
At the 2013 Paris Marathon，where Pavegen installed （安装） tiles at the finish，generating 3，141，926 joules—enough to recharge 1880 mobile phones or power an electric Nissan Leaf car for 24 km.
Laurence said， "Some people might define their aims as wealth or success，but for me it's just，let's get it out there and do good."
(1) What inspired Laurence's idea for Pavegen？ ______
A. An experiment in the lab. B. A theory in the textbook.
C. A design of a street light. D. An experience at a station.
(2) What does paragraph 5 mainly focus on about Pavegen？ ______
A. Its significance. B. Its limitation.
C. Its working mechanism. D. Its possible application.
(3) What does the 2013 Paris Marathon suggest about the tiles？ ______
A. It gained popularity. B. It showed great promise.
C. It still needed improvement. D. It was pioneering but inefficient.
(4) Which of the following can best describe Laurence？ ______
A. Ambitious and creative. B. Caring and responsible.
C. Brave and intelligent. D. Flexible and independent.
B
Tomatoes are common in daily life.Cathie Martin，a British scientist，has been working on developing purple tomatoes for years.Though the color is unusual，now this special kind of tomatoes，which has gained approval from the US government，has very high levels of antioxidants（抗氧化剂）.
Antioxidants，also known as AOS，are found naturally in plants like blueberries and red cabbage.Scientists believe AOS may help prevent heart disease and help fight against diseases like diabetes.But tomatoes naturally only have a small amount of AOS in them.Martin wanted to see if she could create tomatoes with lots of AOS by changing the DNA of a tomato plant.
A plant developed from specially created DNA is known as a GMO.After adding two genes（基因） from a plant called snapdragon，Martin soon found her plants were producing small purple tomatoes with lots of AOS.Martin and other scientists further tested the tomatoes on mice that were likely to get cancer.The mice that were fed the purple tomatoes lived about 30% longer than those fed normal tomatoes.Though that's good news，experiments on mice don't always predict what effects on humans will be like.We need to see more experiments about it.
GMOs were first allowed in America in the late 1990s.But GMO products weren't popular with customers.Many people were scared by the idea that the foods weren't natural or safe.There're still questions about the effects of GMO crops on the environment.However，scientists deny these claims.
Even so，many people still have concerns about them.Because of these concerns，most GMO products created over the last 20 years have focused on helping farmers rather than attracting customers.
Anyway，on September 7，2022，the US approved the purple tomatoes，which is the first time it has approved a GMO plant designed to target human health.
(1) What makes purple tomatoes really special？ ______
A. Their medical value. B. Their delicious flavor.
C. Their proper size. D. Their pleasant color.
(2) What's the author's attitude to the test on the mice？ ______
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Concerned. D. Opposed.
(3) What does the underlined word "so" in Paragraph 5 refer to？ ______
A. The environment affects GMO foods.
B. The customers do not like GMO foods.
C. GMO products are used to help farmers.
D. Scientists think GMO products are safe.
(4) What's mainly talked about in the text？ ______
A. Different DNA can benefit plant growth.
B. Tomatoes with changed DNA are approved.
C. Scientists are changing DNA of crops.
D. Human health depends on changed DNA.
C
Though diet and exercise are recommended as ways to improve health，new UC Riverside research in mice is the first to examine the long-lasting，combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life.
"Any time you go to a doctor with concerns about your weight，almost without fail，the doctor recommends that you exercise and eat less，" said researcher Marcell Cadney. "That's why it's surprising that most studies only look at diet or exercise separately.In this study，we wanted to include both，" he said.
The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.When fed Western-style diets high in fat and sugar，the mice not only became fatter，but also grew into adults that preferred unhealthy food.
To obtain the findings，the researchers divided the young mice into four groups — those with access to exercise，those without access，those fed a standard，healthy diet and those who ate a Western diet.Mice started their diets immediately after weaning （断奶），and continued with them for three weeks until they reached adulthood.After an additional eight weeks of "washout"，during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet，the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones （激素）.
One of those they measured， leptin，is produced by fat cells.It helps control body weight by increasing energy consumption and signaling that less food is required.Early-life exercise increased adult leptin levels in adult mice，regardless of the diet they ate.Previously，the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome （微生物群） for life，even if they later eat more healthily.Going forward，the team plans to study whether fat or sugar is more responsible for the negative effects they measured in Western-diet-fed mice.
This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits. "Our findings may be related to understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with overweight，" said Marcell.
(1) What is special about the new UCR research？ ______
A. It finds the relation between health and diet.
B. It is the first to study the effect of exercise.
C. It takes both exercise and diet into account.
D. It gives equal importance to physical and mental health.
(2) What may early-life exercise contribute to？ ______
A. Stronger bones. B. A peaceful mind.
C. A desire for healthy food. D. The various microbiome for life.
(3) What does the underlined word "leptin" in the last but one paragraph refer to？ ______
A. A diet. B. A mouse. C. A behavior. D. A hormone.
(4) What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. Early-life health habits matter.
B. It's never too late to make a change.
C. A healthy body leads to a healthy mind.
D. Dietary habits make a difference to children's behavior
一、词性转换
1.lecture n.讲座；教训-- lecturer n. 演讲者；讲师
2.register vt.&vi登记；注册--registration n.登记；注册
3.male adj. 男性的 n.男子--female adj.女性的；n.女子
4.nation n.国家；民族--national adj.民族的--nationality n. 国籍
5.design vt.设计；n.设计--designer n.设计者
6.formal adj.正式的；正规的-- informal adj.非正式；非正规
7.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的-- anxiety n.焦虑；不安
8.annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰--annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的--annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的--annoyance n.恼怒；生气；烦恼
9.frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的--frightening adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的--frighten v.使惊吓；使恐惧--fright n.惊吓；恐怖
10.impress vt.使钦佩；给...留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目--impression n.印象；感想--impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的--impressed adj.(对...)钦佩，敬仰，有深刻的好印象
11. concentrate v.集中，聚精会神--concentration n. 专心，专注
12. experiment n. 实验；试验--experimental adj.实验的
13. explore v. 探索；勘探--exploration n. 勘察；研究
14. confident adj.自信的--confidence n. 信心；信任
15. organize v. 组织；安排--organized adj. 有组织的--organisation n. 组织；机构
16.strategy n 策略--strategic adj 有策略的
17.improve v 改进，改善-- improvement n 改善
18.curious adj 好奇的，求知欲强的-- curiously adv 好奇地 -- curiosity n 好奇心
pany n 公司，商行，陪伴-- accompany v 陪伴
20.personality n 性格，个性-- personal adj 个人的，亲自的 -- person n 个人-- personalize v 个性化
21.revise v 修改, 修订, 复习 -- revision n修改，修改
三、课文内容填空
anxious, impression, talks, had, but, friendly, helpful, the, on, to be, worried, frightened, to explore, more, will be
四、话题写作
五、根据首字母填空
1.campus 2.exchange 3. annoyed 4. design 5. if 6. senior 7.impressively 8. registered 9.annoying 10.frightened 11. anxious 12. confidence 13. formal 14. nationality 15. awkward
二、单句语法填空
1. curiosity 2. annoyance 3. designed 4. impressed 5. frightened
6. (should) be improved 7. visiting 8. lying 9. had exchanged 10. on
11. understanding 12. being impressed 13. organisation 14. exploration 15. for
16. preparing 17. arrangements 18. importance 19. what 20. to improve
六、根据文本内容选择适当的短语填空
at last 2.majored in 3. concentrate on 4. makes an impression 5. suitable for
take notes 7.looking forward to 8. No matter how 9. in good shape 10. rather than
七、 语境串记
1. with（固定搭配 “with the aim of”，表示 “目的是；为了”）
2. whose（引导定语从句，修饰先行词 “campus”，在从句中作定语，表 “校园的”）
3. to explore（不定式作后置定语，修饰 “a lot”，表示 “有很多要探索的事物”）
4. impression（词性转换，“impress” 为动词，此处需名词 “impression”，固定搭配 “make a (n)... impression on sb”，表示 “给某人留下…… 印象”）
5. an（泛指 “一次实验”，“experiment” 以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 “an”）
6. learning（动名词作主语，此处表示 “高中阶段的学习”，在句中作主语）
7. Fortunately（词性转换，“fortunate” 为形容词，此处需副词 “Fortunately” 修饰整个句子，表 “幸运的是”）
8. what（引导宾语从句，在从句中作 “learnt” 的宾语，表 “所学的内容”）
9. established（过去分词作后置定语，修饰 “organisation”，表被动，“organisation” 与 “establish” 之间是被动关系，即 “被学生会建立的组织”）
10. himself（反身代词，此处表示 “提升他自己”，主语与宾语指代同一人，用反身代词 “himself”）
DCBA
【解析】
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第四段"I'd read that 38，000 people an hour walked through the station.What if we could use that energy as a power source？"（"我读到过每小时有38，000人经过车站。如果我们能把这种能量用作能源呢？"）可知，Laurence在维多利亚车站的经历激发了他发明Pavegen的想法。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第五段Laurence admits， 'The idea of generating energy from footsteps isn't new and other people have tried it.But the power is so low that you can never do anything meaningful with that energy.' Laurence took a different route.The weight of a footstep on his tile makes a horizontal flywheel inside it rotate （旋转）. 'The more people walk，the more this flywheel spins，' he explains. 'Then we take the power from the flywheel as we need it.We can suck it out bit by bit.' （劳伦斯承认："用脚步发电的想法并不新鲜，其他人已经尝试过了。但是能量是如此之低，以至于你永远无法用这种能量做任何有意义的事情。"劳伦斯走了一条不同的路。踩在他的瓷砖上的脚步的重量使其内部的水平飞轮旋转。"人们走得越多，这个飞轮就转得越多，"他解释说。"然后我们根据需要从飞轮中获取动力。我们可以一点一点地吸出来。"）可知，第五段主要介绍了Pavegen的工作原理。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第六段At the 2013 Paris Marathon，where Pavegen installed （安装） tiles at the finish，generating 3，141，926 joules—enough to recharge 1880 mobile phones or power an electric Nissan Leaf car for 24 km. （在2013年的巴黎马拉松比赛中，帕维根在终点安装了瓷砖，产生了3，141，926焦耳的能量，足以为1880部手机充电，或为一辆日产Leaf电动汽车提供24公里的动力。）可知，2013年巴黎马拉松赛表明，瓷砖显示了巨大的潜力。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Laurence Kemball-Cook，a 30-year-old engineer and inventor，is the creator of Pavegen，a paving tile （地砖） that turns the force of peoples footsteps into clean，renewable energy. （30岁的工程师兼发明家劳伦斯 肯鲍尔 库克是Pavegen铺路砖的创造者，这种砖可以将人们走路的力量转化为清洁的可再生能源。）可知劳伦斯是创新的；根据第二段"I want to cover every single city in the world with our tiles.I want to turn every bridge，road and building into a kinetic-energy （动能的） device."（"我想用我们的瓷砖覆盖世界上的每一个城市。我想把每一座桥、每一条路、每一栋建筑都变成动能装置。"）可知，劳伦斯是有雄心壮志的。故选A。
本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了青年发明家Laurence发明可发电的地砖Pavegen的故事。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
【解析】ABDB
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Cathie Martin，a British scientist，has been working on developing purple tomatoes for years.Though the color is unusual，now this special kind of tomatoes，which has gained approval from the US government，has very high levels of antioxidants（英国科学家凯蒂 马丁（Cathie Martin）多年来一直致力于开发紫色西红柿。虽然这种西红柿的颜色不同寻常，但现在这种特殊的西红柿含有非常高的抗氧化剂。）以及第二段Antioxidants，also known as AOS，are found naturally in plants like blueberries and red cabbage.Scientists believe AOS may help prevent heart disease and help fight against diseases like diabetes.（抗氧化剂，也被称为AOS，天然存在于蓝莓和红甘蓝等植物中。科学家认为AOS可能有助于预防心脏病，并有助于对抗糖尿病等疾病。）可知，使紫番茄真正特别的是它们的医疗价值。故选A。
（2）观点态度题。根据第三段Though that's good news，experiments on mice don't always predict what effects on humans will be the same.We need to see more experiments about it.（虽然这是个好消息，但在老鼠身上进行的实验并不总是能预测对人类的影响是一样的。我们需要看到更多关于它的实验。）可知，作者对此实验目前心存怀疑。A.Supportive.支持的；B.Doubtful.怀疑的；C.Concerned.关心的；D.Opposed.反对的。故选B。
（3）词义指代题。根据第四段But GMO products weren't popular with customers.Many people were scared by the idea that the foods weren't natural or safe.There're still questions about the effects of GMO crops on the environment.However，scientists deny these claims.（转基因产品并不受消费者欢迎，许多人被这些食物不天然或不安全的想法吓到了。转基因作物对环境的影响也仍然受到质疑。然而，科学家们否认了这些说法。）再结合该词后面的many people have concerns about them（很多人还是很担心这个问题），可知使科学家认为转基因食物是安全的，但是很多人对此仍然很担心。A.The environment affects GMO foods.环境影响转基因食品；B.The customers do not like GMO foods.顾客不喜欢转基因食品；C.GMO products are used to help farmers.转基因产品被用来帮助农民；D.Scientists think GMO products are safe.科学家认为转基因产品是安全的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。第一段讲述了转基因西红柿相较普通西红柿的优势；第二段提到科学家马丁通过改变番茄基因，让番茄含有大量的抗氧化剂，第三段提到马丁通过实验证明了这种番茄保质期更长。后面几段提到，虽然公众对转基因产品仍持怀疑态度，但这种番茄在美国最终还是获得了批准种植和销售。B项"Tomatoes with Changed DNA Are Approved"（转基因西红柿批准上市）为最好的标题。故选B。
本文属于说明文。一种新的紫色番茄在美国获得批准种植和销售。科学家通过改变这种番茄的DNA增加了它们的抗氧化剂，使这种番茄可以保存更久，并有助于人们的健康。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
CBDA
（ 1）细节理解题。根据第一段Though diet and exercise are recommended as ways to improve health，new UC Riverside research in mice is the first to examine the long-lasting，combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life. （虽然饮食和运动被推荐为改善健康的方法，但加州大学河滨分校的新研究首次在小鼠中研究了这两种因素在生命早期的长期综合影响。）可知，综合研究饮食和锻炼对人的影响是新的UCR研究的独特之处。故选C。
（ 2）细节理解题。根据第三段The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.（研究人员发现，早期的生活锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年人的肌肉和大脑质量）可知，早期生活锻炼可减少焦虑，让大脑更平静。故选B。
（ 3）词句猜测题。根据第四段After an additional eight weeks of "washout"，during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet，the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.（ 在另外八周的"洗漱"后，所有小鼠都被安置在没有轮子的环境中，并以健康的饮食为基础，研究人员进行了行为分析，并测量了几种不同激素的水平）以及划线单词前的One of those they measured（他们测量的这些）可知，those指代第四段最后提到的hormones（激素），而leptin指的是这些激素之一。A．A diet饮食；B．A mouse老鼠；C．A behavior行为；D．A hormone激素。故选D。
（ 4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Previously，the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome（微生物群） for life，even if they later eat more healthily. （此前，该研究团队发现，儿童时期摄入过多脂肪和糖可以改变一生的微生物群，即使他们以后吃得更健康）可知，早期的饮食习惯会带来一生的影响；再根据最后一段This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits. "Our findings may be related to understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with overweight，" said Marcell.（这项研究为儿童习惯的健康干预提供了很大的机会。马塞尔说："我们的发现可能有助于了解与超重相关的活动减少和饮食变化的潜在影响。"）可知，早期健康习惯很重要。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，就生命早期的饮食和锻炼长期综合影响进行了研究。研究发现早期的生活锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年人的肌肉和大脑质量，而高脂肪和高糖的西式饮食不仅能使人变胖，而且在长大成人后更喜欢不健康的食物。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
高一英语必修一Welcome Unit期中复习
一、词性转换
1.lecture n.讲座；教训-- lecturer n. 演讲者；讲师
2.register vt.&vi登记；注册--registration n.登记；注册
3.male adj. 男性的 n.男子--female adj.女性的；n.女子
4.nation n.国家；民族--national adj.民族的--nationality n. 国籍
5.design vt.设计；n.设计--designer n.设计者
6.formal adj.正式的；正规的-- informal adj.非正式的；非正规的
7.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的-- anxiety n.焦虑；不安
8.annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰--annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的--annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的--annoyance n.恼怒；生气；烦恼
9.frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的--frightening adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的--frighten v.使惊吓；使恐惧--fright n.惊吓；恐怖
10.impress vt.使钦佩；给...留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目--impression n.印象；感想--impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的
11. concentrate v.集中，聚精会神--concentration n. 专心，专注
12. experiment n. 实验；试验--experimental adj.实验的
13. explore v. 探索；勘探--exploration n. 勘察；研究
14. confident adj.自信的--confidence n. 信心；信任
15. organize v. 组织；安排--organized adj. 有组织的--organisation n. 组织；机构
16.strategy n 策略--strategic adj 有策略的
17.improve v 改进，改善-- improvement n 改善
18.curious adj 好奇的，求知欲强的-- curiously adv 好奇地 -- curiosity n 好奇心
pany n 公司，商行，陪伴-- accompany v 陪伴
20.personality n 性格，个性-- personal adj 个人的，亲自的 -- person n 个人-- personalize v 个性化
21.revise v 修改, 修订, 复习 -- revision n修改，修改
二、 重点短语
in exchange for sth 交换某物
by design/on purpose 有意地，故意地
right now 现在；目前；立刻；马上
do/conduct an experiment 做实验
leave/let ...alone 不打扰；不惊动
be anxious about/for 为…担心/担忧
be annoyed with sb 对某人生气
be annoyed about/at sth 为某事生气
be frightened of sth 害怕某事
be senior to 比… 年长；比…资历高
be junior to 比… 年轻；比…资历低
make/leave an impression (on/upon ...)(给…)留下好印象
concentrate on (doing) sth 专心于(做)某事
leave behind 留下；忘记带走；使落后
leave alone 不打扰；不惊动
be confident about/of sth 对某物有信心
gain (in)/lose confidence 赢得/失去自信
reflect on 考虑；反思
learning strategies 学习策略
make mind maps 制作思维导图
achieve one’s goal 实现目标
set a goal(为某人)设定目标
be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇
neither ...nor ...既不…也不…
not only ...but also ...不但…而且…
not ...but ...不是…而是…
either ...or ...或者…或者…
三、课文重点句子积累
I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好并且乐于助人。
The lab is new and the lesson was great, but the guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. 实验室是新的，课程也很棒，但是坐在我旁边的那个家伙一直试图跟我说话。
I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone!我无法集中注意力做实验。我真想告诉他请安静点，别烦我!
I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here and there’s a lot to explore at senior high. 我想念我初中的朋友，但我相信我会在这里结交新朋友，而且在高中有很多要去探索的东西。
I feel much more confident than I felt this morning. 我感觉比今天早上自信多了。
I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. 我经常问问题，但我通过实践中来学效果最好。
You'll never see me without a book or a pen. If I'm not in class, I’m either in the library or in the computer lab.你永远会看到我拿着书或笔。如果我不上课，我不是在图书馆就是在计算机实验室。
四、话题写作
假定你是高一学生李华，你从学校网站 (the school website)上得知学校模拟联合国 ( the Model UN ) 要招募(recruit) 新成员。请给负责该工作的Ms. Wang写一封信，申请加入模联。包括下列要点：
1. 个人基本信息；2. 学习情况和英语水平；3. 优势或特长；
注意: 1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ms. Wang,
I'm Li Hua, a freshman in our school. Learning on the school website that the Model UN is recruiting new members, I am writing to apply for a position.
Personally, I am very outgoing and helpful, making me quite popular with people around me. Besides, I speak very good English and I have a great command of western cultures, which will help me perform well in the Model UN. Also, politics just fascinates me and to be a diplomat（外交官） has always been my dream job. Thus, I do have the urge to have this precious opportunity.
I would be very grateful if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Lihua
五、课文内容填空
First Impression
So this is it — senior high school at last. I’m not outgoing so I’m a little __________ (anxiety) right now. I want to make a good first __________ (impress). Will I make any friends What if no one __________ (talk) to me I just __________ (have) my first maths class at senior high school! The class was difficult, __________ the teacher was kind. He even told us a funny story and everyone laughed so much! I found most of my classmates and teachers __________ (friend) and __________ (help).
This afternoon we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was great, but the guy next to me tried to talk to me __________ whole time. I couldn’t concentrate __________ the experiment. I really wanted to tell him __________ (be) quiet and leave me alone.
What a day! This morning, I was __________ (worry) that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn’t feel awkward or __________ (frighten) at all. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here and there’s a lot __________ (explore) at senior high. I feel much __________ confident than I felt this morning. I think that tomorrow __________ (be) a great day!
Write a Student Profile
My name is Ann Wells and I’m a Grade 10 student at Lakeside High School. I’m an __________ (act) person and I love sports. I’m __________ (curiosity) about everything. I often ask questions, __________ I learn best by __________ (do). My favourite subject is physics. __________ (dance) and __________ (skate) are my hobbies, and I also like to read short stories. I plan to become __________ engineer in the future.
I’m Thando Gowon. I’m 16 this year. I come from South Africa. I’m a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School. I look good, think fast, __________ play hard. You’ll never see me __________ a book or a pen. If I’m not in class, I’m __________ in the library or in the computer lab. __________ the weekends, I play computer games if I’m not busy __________ (study). My dream is __________ (start) my own IT company.
六、根据首字母或所给汉语意思填空
1. The book fair organized by the English Department is welcoming all students on and off ________(校内外).
2. To get the lovely Christmas gift, the poor man had to present his only golden watch in e________ for it.
3. The teacher finally got a________with the boy's being late again and over again.
4. --Did you run into the pretty girl by d________ ---Absolutely not,I swear（发誓）!
5.--What i________people around all judge you by the first impression ---God knows!
6.In Chinese traditional culture,s________citizens should be paid great respect to.
7. The first time I met our manager, her elegance(优雅) was planted into my mind so
________（令人难忘地）.
8. Have you ________ (报名)already for your courses next semester If not, be quick my bro!
9. He's keen on drawing others' attention all to himself in public, which is most ________（令人生气）to me.
10.---I'm sorry.Are you f________by his sudden burst of crying
-Not exactly! As a matter of fact, your cruel manner to him is kind of frightening.
Most people all over the world are a________for overnight success and fame. Actually, it is impossible.
12. Completely new here, the freshman had little ________（自信）in adaptation(适应) to the heavy study in China.
13. When talking with the teachers, we'd better use some f________ expressions spoken in a more polite way.
14.When asked about his n________(国籍),the new comer responded with much pride “America”
15. The moment the beautiful lady entered the hall, all those who had spread her rumors(谣言) fell into an a________ silence.
七、单句语法填空
1. The little boy showed great _______ (curious) about the new toy his parents bought for him.
2. To my ________ (annoy), my computer suddenly shut down when I was typing the important document.
3. This new software is ________ (design) to help students improve their writing skills more efficiently.
4. What ________ (impress) me most during the trip was the local people’s warm and friendly attitude.
5. The ________ (frighten) child clung(抓紧) to his mother’s hand when he saw the big dog rushing towards him.
6. The workers requested that their working conditions ______ (improve).
7. All the students are looking forward to ________ (visit) the science museum next weekend.
8. When he woke up, he found himself ________ (lie) on a comfortable bed in a strange room.
9. If we ________ (exchange) telephone number last week, I would have no trouble getting in touch with you now.
10. The research reveals that teenagers find it difficult to concentrate _____________ their studies after playing mobile games continuously for an hour．
11. The teacher’s patient explanation helped the students gain a better ________ (understand) of the difficult grammar point.
12. Li Ming remembers when visiting Louvre Museum ______ (impress) by a picture of a lady with a mysterious smile.
13. The ________ (organise) set up by the students aims to help those in need in the community.
14. The __________(explore) of new energy sources is of great importance for the future of our planet.
15. Tomorrow I will register _____________ the new school year.
16. She spent a lot of time ________ (prepare) for the English speech contest, hoping to get a good result.
17. The manager asked his assistant to make detailed ________ (arrange) for the upcoming meeting with the clients.
18. We should try our best to protect the environment, as it is of great ________ (important) to our future life.
19. No matter _____________ your revision plans are, it is important to stick to them.
20. The measures those environmentalists suggested in the meeting last week ______(improve) the air quality have been adopted by the government.
八、根据文本内容选择适当的短语填空
I believe I will get over all the difficulties and succeed like Chinese Women s Football Team.
The exchange student ______ calligraphy at college at the age of 20.
Faced with new teachers and classmates, I m always worried about my marks so that I can t my study.
The new school, with its beautiful campus, on me.
Employers usually decide within five minutes whether someone is the job.
You should listen to the teacher carefully and in class, which can help you learn English easily.
I'm really travelling with my friends after graduation.
_________ late he comes home, his mother will wait for him for dinner.
Doing yoga keeps you ______ and it is perfect for people who want to improve their flexibility and strength.
He would prefer to stay at home ______ go out on such a rainy day.
根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
lecture； attend；improve; register; worried; organise; concentrate
If interested in this summer camp, do remember to sign up online in two weeks.______
Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.______
Please focus on the teacher’s instructions if you want to do the experiment well.______
The monitor will plan a class party to celebrate our new school year.______
The professor will give a speech on environmental issues at the conference tomorrow. ______
All students are required to join the opening ceremony in the playground tomorrow morning.______
Tom practices speaking English every day because he wants to make progress in his oral English.______
十、 语境串记
Max was an exchange student from the UK. The first day, after a welcome speech in the lecture hall, he went to the registration office 1. ______ the aim of registering his personal information, which included name, sex, nationality, email address, etc. He was curious about everything new on campus, 2. ______ style of design was very special. There was a lot for him 3. ______ (explore). Though he was outgoing, he was quite annoyed because he didn’t know how to greet others in a formal way. He felt awkward and anxious. And he was frightened that he would make a bad 4. ______ (impress) on others.
When doing 5. ______ experiment in the school lab at eight a.m., he almost lost confidence completely, for he couldn’t perform it wonderfully. After all, 6. ______ (learn) at senior high school was different from that in junior high school. What if he fell behind other guys 7. ______ (fortunate), he had an amazing partner who told him to concentrate on the meaning of whole sentences while listening to the lectures. Another strategy was to take notes and regularly revise 8. ______ had been learnt. With the company of the partner, he set a new goal at last.
He looked forward to joining an organisation 9. ______ (establish) by Student Council to improve 10. ______ (he). He was confident that he would soon adapt to the new school life with the generous help of both his fellow classmates and teachers.
十一、阅读理解
A
Laurence Kemball-Cook，a 30-year-old engineer and inventor，is the creator of Pavegen，a paving tile （地砖） that turns the force of people's footsteps into clean，renewable energy.
"My vision is for Pavegen to be to cities what 'Intel inside' is for PCs，" he says. "I want to cover every single city in the world with our tiles.I want to turn every bridge，road and building into a kinetic-energy （动能的） device."
The idea first came to him while he was studying industrial design and technology at university.He was challenged to design a strict light that's powered by solar or by wind. "But when the sun's not shining or when the wind's not blowing there's no power.So I tried for a year and I failed." he recalled.
"I was really upset.Then one day I was walking through Victoria Station in London and I thought about all the people there.I'd read that 38，000 people an hour walked through the station.What if we could use that energy as a power source？"
Laurence admits， "The idea of generating energy from footsteps isn't new and other people have tried it.But the power is so low that you can never do anything meaningful with that energy." Laurence took a different route.The weight of a footstep on his tile makes a horizontal flywheel inside it rotate （旋转）. "The more people walk，the more this flywheel spins，" he explains. "Then we take the power from the flywheel as we need it.We can suck it out bit by bit."
At the 2013 Paris Marathon，where Pavegen installed （安装） tiles at the finish，generating 3，141，926 joules—enough to recharge 1880 mobile phones or power an electric Nissan Leaf car for 24 km.
Laurence said， "Some people might define their aims as wealth or success，but for me it's just，let's get it out there and do good."
(1) What inspired Laurence's idea for Pavegen？ ______
A. An experiment in the lab. B. A theory in the textbook.
C. A design of a street light. D. An experience at a station.
(2) What does paragraph 5 mainly focus on about Pavegen？ ______
A. Its significance. B. Its limitation.
C. Its working mechanism. D. Its possible application.
(3) What does the 2013 Paris Marathon suggest about the tiles？ ______
A. It gained popularity. B. It showed great promise.
C. It still needed improvement. D. It was pioneering but inefficient.
(4) Which of the following can best describe Laurence？ ______
A. Ambitious and creative. B. Caring and responsible.
C. Brave and intelligent. D. Flexible and independent.
B
Tomatoes are common in daily life.Cathie Martin，a British scientist，has been working on developing purple tomatoes for years.Though the color is unusual，now this special kind of tomatoes，which has gained approval from the US government，has very high levels of antioxidants（抗氧化剂）.
Antioxidants，also known as AOS，are found naturally in plants like blueberries and red cabbage.Scientists believe AOS may help prevent heart disease and help fight against diseases like diabetes.But tomatoes naturally only have a small amount of AOS in them.Martin wanted to see if she could create tomatoes with lots of AOS by changing the DNA of a tomato plant.
A plant developed from specially created DNA is known as a GMO.After adding two genes（基因） from a plant called snapdragon，Martin soon found her plants were producing small purple tomatoes with lots of AOS.Martin and other scientists further tested the tomatoes on mice that were likely to get cancer.The mice that were fed the purple tomatoes lived about 30% longer than those fed normal tomatoes.Though that's good news，experiments on mice don't always predict what effects on humans will be like.We need to see more experiments about it.
GMOs were first allowed in America in the late 1990s.But GMO products weren't popular with customers.Many people were scared by the idea that the foods weren't natural or safe.There're still questions about the effects of GMO crops on the environment.However，scientists deny these claims.
Even so，many people still have concerns about them.Because of these concerns，most GMO products created over the last 20 years have focused on helping farmers rather than attracting customers.
Anyway，on September 7，2022，the US approved the purple tomatoes，which is the first time it has approved a GMO plant designed to target human health.
(1) What makes purple tomatoes really special？ ______
A. Their medical value. B. Their delicious flavor.
C. Their proper size. D. Their pleasant color.
(2) What's the author's attitude to the test on the mice？ ______
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Concerned. D. Opposed.
(3) What does the underlined word "so" in Paragraph 5 refer to？ ______
A. The environment affects GMO foods.
B. The customers do not like GMO foods.
C. GMO products are used to help farmers.
D. Scientists think GMO products are safe.
(4) What's mainly talked about in the text？ ______
A. Different DNA can benefit plant growth.
B. Tomatoes with changed DNA are approved.
C. Scientists are changing DNA of crops.
D. Human health depends on changed DNA.
C
Though diet and exercise are recommended as ways to improve health，new UC Riverside research in mice is the first to examine the long-lasting，combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life.
"Any time you go to a doctor with concerns about your weight，almost without fail，the doctor recommends that you exercise and eat less，" said researcher Marcell Cadney. "That's why it's surprising that most studies only look at diet or exercise separately.In this study，we wanted to include both，" he said.
The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.When fed Western-style diets high in fat and sugar，the mice not only became fatter，but also grew into adults that preferred unhealthy food.
To obtain the findings，the researchers divided the young mice into four groups — those with access to exercise，those without access，those fed a standard，healthy diet and those who ate a Western diet.Mice started their diets immediately after weaning （断奶），and continued with them for three weeks until they reached adulthood.After an additional eight weeks of "washout"，during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet，the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones （激素）.
One of those they measured， leptin，is produced by fat cells.It helps control body weight by increasing energy consumption and signaling that less food is required.Early-life exercise increased adult leptin levels in adult mice，regardless of the diet they ate.Previously，the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome （微生物群） for life，even if they later eat more healthily.Going forward，the team plans to study whether fat or sugar is more responsible for the negative effects they measured in Western-diet-fed mice.
This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits. "Our findings may be related to understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with overweight，" said Marcell.
(1) What is special about the new UCR research？ ______
A. It finds the relation between health and diet.
B. It is the first to study the effect of exercise.
C. It takes both exercise and diet into account.
D. It gives equal importance to physical and mental health.
(2) What may early-life exercise contribute to？ ______
A. Stronger bones. B. A peaceful mind.
C. A desire for healthy food. D. The various microbiome for life.
(3) What does the underlined word "leptin" in the last but one paragraph refer to？ ______
A. A diet. B. A mouse. C. A behavior. D. A hormone.
(4) What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. Early-life health habits matter.
B. It's never too late to make a change.
C. A healthy body leads to a healthy mind.
D. Dietary habits make a difference to children's behavior
一、词性转换
1.lecture n.讲座；教训-- lecturer n. 演讲者；讲师
2.register vt.&vi登记；注册--registration n.登记；注册
3.male adj. 男性的 n.男子--female adj.女性的；n.女子
4.nation n.国家；民族--national adj.民族的--nationality n. 国籍
5.design vt.设计；n.设计--designer n.设计者
6.formal adj.正式的；正规的-- informal adj.非正式；非正规
7.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的-- anxiety n.焦虑；不安
8.annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰--annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的--annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的--annoyance n.恼怒；生气；烦恼
9.frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的--frightening adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的--frighten v.使惊吓；使恐惧--fright n.惊吓；恐怖
10.impress vt.使钦佩；给...留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目--impression n.印象；感想--impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的--impressed adj.(对...)钦佩，敬仰，有深刻的好印象
11. concentrate v.集中，聚精会神--concentration n. 专心，专注
12. experiment n. 实验；试验--experimental adj.实验的
13. explore v. 探索；勘探--exploration n. 勘察；研究
14. confident adj.自信的--confidence n. 信心；信任
15. organize v. 组织；安排--organized adj. 有组织的--organisation n. 组织；机构
16.strategy n 策略--strategic adj 有策略的
17.improve v 改进，改善-- improvement n 改善
18.curious adj 好奇的，求知欲强的-- curiously adv 好奇地 -- curiosity n 好奇心
pany n 公司，商行，陪伴-- accompany v 陪伴
20.personality n 性格，个性-- personal adj 个人的，亲自的 -- person n 个人-- personalize v 个性化
21.revise v 修改, 修订, 复习 -- revision n修改，修改
三、课文内容填空
anxious, impression, talks, had, but, friendly, helpful, the, on, to be, worried, frightened, to explore, more, will be
四、话题写作
五、根据首字母填空
1.campus 2.exchange 3. annoyed 4. design 5. if 6. senior 7.impressively 8. registered 9.annoying 10.frightened 11. anxious 12. confidence 13. formal 14. nationality 15. awkward
二、单句语法填空
1. curiosity 2. annoyance 3. designed 4. impressed 5. frightened
6. (should) be improved 7. visiting 8. lying 9. had exchanged 10. on
11. understanding 12. being impressed 13. organisation 14. exploration 15. for
16. preparing 17. arrangements 18. importance 19. what 20. to improve
六、根据文本内容选择适当的短语填空
at last 2.majored in 3. concentrate on 4. makes an impression 5. suitable for
take notes 7.looking forward to 8. No matter how 9. in good shape 10. rather than
七、 语境串记
1. with（固定搭配 “with the aim of”，表示 “目的是；为了”）
2. whose（引导定语从句，修饰先行词 “campus”，在从句中作定语，表 “校园的”）
3. to explore（不定式作后置定语，修饰 “a lot”，表示 “有很多要探索的事物”）
4. impression（词性转换，“impress” 为动词，此处需名词 “impression”，固定搭配 “make a (n)... impression on sb”，表示 “给某人留下…… 印象”）
5. an（泛指 “一次实验”，“experiment” 以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 “an”）
6. learning（动名词作主语，此处表示 “高中阶段的学习”，在句中作主语）
7. Fortunately（词性转换，“fortunate” 为形容词，此处需副词 “Fortunately” 修饰整个句子，表 “幸运的是”）
8. what（引导宾语从句，在从句中作 “learnt” 的宾语，表 “所学的内容”）
9. established（过去分词作后置定语，修饰 “organisation”，表被动，“organisation” 与 “establish” 之间是被动关系，即 “被学生会建立的组织”）
10. himself（反身代词，此处表示 “提升他自己”，主语与宾语指代同一人，用反身代词 “himself”）
DCBA
【解析】
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第四段"I'd read that 38，000 people an hour walked through the station.What if we could use that energy as a power source？"（"我读到过每小时有38，000人经过车站。如果我们能把这种能量用作能源呢？"）可知，Laurence在维多利亚车站的经历激发了他发明Pavegen的想法。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第五段Laurence admits， 'The idea of generating energy from footsteps isn't new and other people have tried it.But the power is so low that you can never do anything meaningful with that energy.' Laurence took a different route.The weight of a footstep on his tile makes a horizontal flywheel inside it rotate （旋转）. 'The more people walk，the more this flywheel spins，' he explains. 'Then we take the power from the flywheel as we need it.We can suck it out bit by bit.' （劳伦斯承认："用脚步发电的想法并不新鲜，其他人已经尝试过了。但是能量是如此之低，以至于你永远无法用这种能量做任何有意义的事情。"劳伦斯走了一条不同的路。踩在他的瓷砖上的脚步的重量使其内部的水平飞轮旋转。"人们走得越多，这个飞轮就转得越多，"他解释说。"然后我们根据需要从飞轮中获取动力。我们可以一点一点地吸出来。"）可知，第五段主要介绍了Pavegen的工作原理。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第六段At the 2013 Paris Marathon，where Pavegen installed （安装） tiles at the finish，generating 3，141，926 joules—enough to recharge 1880 mobile phones or power an electric Nissan Leaf car for 24 km. （在2013年的巴黎马拉松比赛中，帕维根在终点安装了瓷砖，产生了3，141，926焦耳的能量，足以为1880部手机充电，或为一辆日产Leaf电动汽车提供24公里的动力。）可知，2013年巴黎马拉松赛表明，瓷砖显示了巨大的潜力。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Laurence Kemball-Cook，a 30-year-old engineer and inventor，is the creator of Pavegen，a paving tile （地砖） that turns the force of peoples footsteps into clean，renewable energy. （30岁的工程师兼发明家劳伦斯 肯鲍尔 库克是Pavegen铺路砖的创造者，这种砖可以将人们走路的力量转化为清洁的可再生能源。）可知劳伦斯是创新的；根据第二段"I want to cover every single city in the world with our tiles.I want to turn every bridge，road and building into a kinetic-energy （动能的） device."（"我想用我们的瓷砖覆盖世界上的每一个城市。我想把每一座桥、每一条路、每一栋建筑都变成动能装置。"）可知，劳伦斯是有雄心壮志的。故选A。
本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了青年发明家Laurence发明可发电的地砖Pavegen的故事。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
【解析】ABDB
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Cathie Martin，a British scientist，has been working on developing purple tomatoes for years.Though the color is unusual，now this special kind of tomatoes，which has gained approval from the US government，has very high levels of antioxidants（英国科学家凯蒂 马丁（Cathie Martin）多年来一直致力于开发紫色西红柿。虽然这种西红柿的颜色不同寻常，但现在这种特殊的西红柿含有非常高的抗氧化剂。）以及第二段Antioxidants，also known as AOS，are found naturally in plants like blueberries and red cabbage.Scientists believe AOS may help prevent heart disease and help fight against diseases like diabetes.（抗氧化剂，也被称为AOS，天然存在于蓝莓和红甘蓝等植物中。科学家认为AOS可能有助于预防心脏病，并有助于对抗糖尿病等疾病。）可知，使紫番茄真正特别的是它们的医疗价值。故选A。
（2）观点态度题。根据第三段Though that's good news，experiments on mice don't always predict what effects on humans will be the same.We need to see more experiments about it.（虽然这是个好消息，但在老鼠身上进行的实验并不总是能预测对人类的影响是一样的。我们需要看到更多关于它的实验。）可知，作者对此实验目前心存怀疑。A.Supportive.支持的；B.Doubtful.怀疑的；C.Concerned.关心的；D.Opposed.反对的。故选B。
（3）词义指代题。根据第四段But GMO products weren't popular with customers.Many people were scared by the idea that the foods weren't natural or safe.There're still questions about the effects of GMO crops on the environment.However，scientists deny these claims.（转基因产品并不受消费者欢迎，许多人被这些食物不天然或不安全的想法吓到了。转基因作物对环境的影响也仍然受到质疑。然而，科学家们否认了这些说法。）再结合该词后面的many people have concerns about them（很多人还是很担心这个问题），可知使科学家认为转基因食物是安全的，但是很多人对此仍然很担心。A.The environment affects GMO foods.环境影响转基因食品；B.The customers do not like GMO foods.顾客不喜欢转基因食品；C.GMO products are used to help farmers.转基因产品被用来帮助农民；D.Scientists think GMO products are safe.科学家认为转基因产品是安全的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。第一段讲述了转基因西红柿相较普通西红柿的优势；第二段提到科学家马丁通过改变番茄基因，让番茄含有大量的抗氧化剂，第三段提到马丁通过实验证明了这种番茄保质期更长。后面几段提到，虽然公众对转基因产品仍持怀疑态度，但这种番茄在美国最终还是获得了批准种植和销售。B项"Tomatoes with Changed DNA Are Approved"（转基因西红柿批准上市）为最好的标题。故选B。
本文属于说明文。一种新的紫色番茄在美国获得批准种植和销售。科学家通过改变这种番茄的DNA增加了它们的抗氧化剂，使这种番茄可以保存更久，并有助于人们的健康。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
CBDA
（ 1）细节理解题。根据第一段Though diet and exercise are recommended as ways to improve health，new UC Riverside research in mice is the first to examine the long-lasting，combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life. （虽然饮食和运动被推荐为改善健康的方法，但加州大学河滨分校的新研究首次在小鼠中研究了这两种因素在生命早期的长期综合影响。）可知，综合研究饮食和锻炼对人的影响是新的UCR研究的独特之处。故选C。
（ 2）细节理解题。根据第三段The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.（研究人员发现，早期的生活锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年人的肌肉和大脑质量）可知，早期生活锻炼可减少焦虑，让大脑更平静。故选B。
（ 3）词句猜测题。根据第四段After an additional eight weeks of "washout"，during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet，the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.（ 在另外八周的"洗漱"后，所有小鼠都被安置在没有轮子的环境中，并以健康的饮食为基础，研究人员进行了行为分析，并测量了几种不同激素的水平）以及划线单词前的One of those they measured（他们测量的这些）可知，those指代第四段最后提到的hormones（激素），而leptin指的是这些激素之一。A．A diet饮食；B．A mouse老鼠；C．A behavior行为；D．A hormone激素。故选D。
（ 4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Previously，the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome（微生物群） for life，even if they later eat more healthily. （此前，该研究团队发现，儿童时期摄入过多脂肪和糖可以改变一生的微生物群，即使他们以后吃得更健康）可知，早期的饮食习惯会带来一生的影响；再根据最后一段This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits. "Our findings may be related to understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with overweight，" said Marcell.（这项研究为儿童习惯的健康干预提供了很大的机会。马塞尔说："我们的发现可能有助于了解与超重相关的活动减少和饮食变化的潜在影响。"）可知，早期健康习惯很重要。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，就生命早期的饮食和锻炼长期综合影响进行了研究。研究发现早期的生活锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年人的肌肉和大脑质量，而高脂肪和高糖的西式饮食不仅能使人变胖，而且在长大成人后更喜欢不健康的食物。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。