Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 20，000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
维度一：品句填词
1.The weather was cold and rainy； （尽管如此）， the outdoor concert went on as planned.
2.She （抓住） the child’s hand and ran.
3.The young man gets his leather shoes （擦亮的） and shiny every day before he gets out.
4.Suddenly， the wheels started to （下沉） into the mud.
5.The ball （弹起） twice before he could reach it.
6.I woke up at d ， eager to start my first day of summer camp.
7.The carpenter built a s wooden table that will last for years.
维度二：词形转换
1.The museum is （ease） accessible by car.
2. （evidence）， she had nothing to do with the whole affair.
3.We have paid much attention to the environmental （preserve） in recent years.
4.This article reveals a note of （desperate） of the author.
5.Work has begun on the （construct） of the new airport.
6.Humour is a more effective defence than （violent）.
7.Perhaps， （unconscious）， I’ve done something to offend her.
8.In （strike） contrast to their brothers， the girls were both intelligent and charming.
9.The swimmer dived into the river to save the （drown） child.
10.She had no （recollect） of sending the emails when awake.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.Graduates （渴望得到） good jobs after graduation.
2.The smile on our teacher’s face （使我们感到轻松）.
3.With the limited natural resources， we should take action to （保护它们不被浪费）.
4.He is （如此善良） that everyone likes to talk with him.
5. （工作结束了）， we went home.
维度四：课文语法填空
The crash was so violent that I 1. （fall） from the boat.I was sinking！Suddenly I grabbed my 2. （faith） Conseil’s arm with one hand.“Help！ Help！” cried Conseil.A human voice responded 3. ours！ I had almost no strength left before I sank.Then I felt that I 4. （draw） up.“Ned！” I cried.Ned was thrown into the sea when the boat crashed too.I found myself 5. （lie） on a large whale， 6. was made of steel.This monster was actually a human 7. （construct）.I searched all over the outside for an opening or a hole，but found nothing.Daybreak appeared.8. （sudden） a noise came from inside the boat.One iron plate was moved，a man appeared，uttered 9. odd cry，and disappeared immediately.Some moments after， eight strong men，their faces 10. （cover）， appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage， determination， and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes： Trip to Washington， D.C.for each of three winners， a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice.Trip includes round-trip air tickets， hotel stay for two nights， and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes： The book Sky Pioneer： A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions： Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners， who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
·Write a poem using 100 words or fewer.Your poem can be any format， any number of lines.
·Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper.You may use both the front and back of the paper.
·On the same sheet of paper， write or type your name， address， telephone number， and birth date.
·Mail your entry to us by 31 October this year.
1.How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip？ （ ）
A.Two. B.Three.
C.Four. D.Six.
2.What will each of the honorable mention winners get？ （ ）
A.A plane ticket.
B.A book by Corinne Szabo.
C.A special T-shirt.
D.A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3.Which of the following will result in disqualification？（ ）
A.Typing your poem out.
B.Writing a poem of 120 words.
C.Using both sides of the paper.
D.Mailing your entry on 30 October.
B
Humans are usually optimistic and confident.In psychological circles this is a proven phenomenon known as the “better than average effect （BTAE）”.Academic research has demonstrated that people consistently think they are better than the average person when it comes to driving， teaching， athletic ability， leadership skills and social skills.People rate themselves as more honest， persistent and original than average.
A new set of studies has now demonstrated that BTAE also applies to people’s perception （认知） of their being environmental friendly.The research， conducted at the University of Gothenburg， reveals that out of 4，000 survey participants from Sweden， the United States， England and India， the majority were convinced that they acted more environmentally friendly than the average person — a mathematical impossibility.
The researchers tested this using two methods， known as direct and indirect.For the former （used in Sweden） people were simply asked whether they thought they were more or less environmentally friendly than others in their country.The indirect approach （used for the other countries） involved asking participants about specific behaviours， such as buying green products， turning off taps when brushing teeth and taking a reusable bag to the shops.
Both methods demonstrated the effect in action.The percentage of people rating their own pro-environmental engagement as above average was 75.3 percent in the total sample of Indians， English and Americans （85.7 percent in the Indian sample， 72 percent in the English sample， and 63.7 percent in the US sample）.When it came to specific behaviours， the effect was found to hold for nine out of ten pro-environmental behaviours tested.
The risk of BTAE is that if everyone already thinks they are doing so well， it could mean that people are less willing to step up their game in the future.The research did not show a strong risk of this， but environmental psychology researcher Magnus Bergquist points out that even a small effect in this regard could have a large impact across whole societies.
4.What does BTAE mainly reflect about people？（ ）
A.A blind faith in oneself.
B.A pessimistic attitude in life.
C.An assumption of the future.
D.A high expectation on others.
5.What do we learn about the new research？（ ）
A.It proved BTAE.
B.It discovered BTAE.
C.It was conducted in five countries.
D.It spread environmental knowledge.
6.BTAE can be found most obviously in .（ ）
A.Swedes B.Indians
C.Americans D.English
7.What is the problem with BTAE？（ ）
A.People will laugh at others.
B.People will forget their goals.
C.People won’t perform as usual.
D.People won’t make further efforts.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Read a Poem
There’s really only one reason why poetry has gotten a reputation for being so “difficult”：It demands your full attention.8.（ ）
Follow your ears.It’s okay to ask “What does it mean？” when you are reading a poem.But it’s even better to ask “How does it sound？” 9.（ ） Even if you can’t understand a single thing about a poem’s “subject” or “theme”， you can always say something about the sound of the words.
10.（ ） OK， we’re not saying you have to shout it from the rooftops.If you’re embarrassed and want to lock yourself in the attic （阁楼） and read the poem in the quietest whisper， go ahead.But reading aloud is really an effective way to understand a poem， because reading even part of it aloud can totally change your perspective on how it works.
Read in different places.Just like music， the experience of poetry changes depending on your mood and the environment.Read in as many different places as possible： at the beach， on a mountain， in the subway.11.（ ）
Think like a poet.Here’s a fun exercise.Go through the poem one line at a time， covering up the next line with your hand so you can’t see it.Put yourself in the poet’s shoes：12.（ ） If you start to think like this， you’ll be able to appreciate all the different choices that go into making a poem.
A.Be patient.
B.Read it aloud.
C.If all else fails， treat it like a song.
D.If I had to write a line to come after this line， what would I put？
E.So if you don’t get it， set the poem aside and come back to it later.
F.Sometimes all it takes is a change of scenery for a poem to really come alive.
G.Here is a short list of tips that will make poems reading more enjoyable.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I am Russian， but I live in Kansas now.It was my husband， John， that 13 me here.I work in a store， where my 14 smile and pronounce my name so sweetly as though my mom was 15 me.However， in my hometown， people sometimes believe a social smile is not 16 .
Last year， John 17 me to go and see my mom back in Russia.My manager even gave me a month off for the 18 .I bought a plane ticket and 19 my suitcase.Then came an unexpected event.My 20 became grey as I couldn’t go back.
A few weeks later， my colleague， Donna， asked me，“So what’s happening with your trip to Russia？” I told her that I had to 21 it and that I wouldn’t be able to see my mom this year.Donna didn’t say anything at first.Then she put on a big 22 ， “Well， you can come and see my mom！”
Oh！ That’s what my husband always says when he’s 23 for words.I honestly don’t know whether I would 24 the same to someone in need of a mother’s warmth， but my new people would 25 do it.Because of the pandemic， we shouldn’t hug friends， but we can hug someone’s heart.That’s how my heart feels at that moment： 26 .So， yes， believe me， their smile is 27 .
13.（ ）A.ordered B.promised
C.brought D.surprised
14.（ ）A.co-workers B.teachers
C.receptionists D.neighbours
15.（ ）A.accepting B.comparing
C.expecting D.calling
16.（ ）A.sensitive B.typical
C.spiritual D.genuine
17.（ ）A.forced B.advised
C.drove D.followed
18.（ ）A.trip B.study
C.work D.language
19.（ ）A.searched B.packed
C.forgot D.imagined
20.（ ）A.hair B.suit
C.mood D.brain
21.（ ）A.handle B.record
C.assume D.cancel
22.（ ）A.smile B.show
C.weight D.action
23.（ ）A.on duty B.at a loss
C.in no case D.in danger
24.（ ）A.award B.offer
C.owe D.trouble
25.（ ）A.hardly B.carefully
C.surely D.slightly
26.（ ）A.cheated B.felt
C.understood D.hugged
27.（ ）A.native B.healthy
C.harmless D.sincere
Ⅳ.语法填空
In Chinese， the word “yuyan” （fable） is composed of two words：“Yu” means 28. （express） something in a disguised （隐藏的） manner， while “Yan” means words or languages. Therefore “yuyan” means explaining a certain principle 29. invented stories or natural objects.
In the daily life， the fable， 30. time-honored form of literature， often exists in long and large articles in the form of small 31. （story） to help explain the particular principle， or persuade individuals of the principle so that readers can understand the profound meanings of articles.
Chuang Tze， a great philosopher in the Warring States Period of China， first 32. （use） the word “yuyan” in his articles. He wrote，“Most of the fables need 33. （read） between the lines，” 34. means that profound thoughts are expressed through simple stories. In other words， the authors’ ideas are 35. （hide） within the stories.
In reality， fables are a 36. （tradition） form of literature in both China and foreign countries. The well-known story — The Farmer and the Snake 37. （be） in fact a fable by a Greek called Aesop. In addition， Bible stories also contain many fable stories.
Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 20，000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
基础知识自测
维度一
1.nevertheless 2.grabbed 3.polished 4.sink 5.bounced
6.daybreak 7.solid
维度二
1.easily 2.Evidently 3.preservation 4.desperation
5.construction 6.violence 7.unconsciously 8.striking 9.drowning 10.recollection
维度三
1.are desperate to get
2.made us feel at ease
3.preserve them from being wasted
4.so kind
5.The job finished
维度四
1.fell 2.faithful 3.to 4.was being drawn 5.lying
6.which 7.construction 8.Suddenly 9.an 10.covered
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇关于诗歌邀请赛的征文启事。文章包括三部分：诗歌的主题要求（勇气、决心和毅力）、奖项设置和比赛规则。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分第一段中的Trip to Washington， D.C.for each of three winners， a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice.可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。
2.C 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分第三段内容可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。
3.B 细节理解题。根据Rules部分中的Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.以及第一条中的Write a poem using 100 words or fewer.可知，所写的诗词数不能超过100，否则，将会被取消资格。因此B项（写一首120词的诗）是会被取消资格的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。很多人都认为自己比其他人做得更加环保，事实真的如此吗？
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，BTAE指人们的一种普遍倾向：认为自己在各方面比其他人做得更好。显然，这是一种盲目的自信。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，这项研究通过两种方法证明BTAE理论也适用于人们的自我环保认知。
6.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，在参与调查的四个国家中，85.7%的印度人认为自己比其他人更加环保，这说明BTAE理论在他们身上表现得最为明显。
7.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，BTAE带来的一个风险是人们认为自己已经做得足够好，因此不会进一步努力。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何朗读一首诗歌提供了几个技巧。
8.G 根据下文各段首句可知，本文提供了几个朗读诗歌的技巧。故G项（这里有一个简短的技巧列表，将使诗歌朗读更愉快）总启下文，符合语境。
9.C 根据空后一句可知，即使你对一首诗的“题目”或“主题”一窍不通，你也总能对单词的发音说出一些东西。故C项（如果其他方法都失败了，把它当作一首歌来对待）符合语境。
10.B 根据下文But reading aloud is really an effective way ...your perspective on how it works.可知，但是大声朗读确实是理解一首诗的有效方法，因为大声朗读其中的一部分可以完全改变你对一首诗的看法。故B项（大声朗读诗歌）符合语境。
11.F 根据空前一句可知，在尽可能多的地方读诗：在海滩上、在山上、在地铁里。所以在这么多不同的地方读诗，就是为了说明环境对读诗所产生的积极影响。故F项（有时候，一首诗要栩栩如生，只需要变换一下环境）符合语境。
12.D 根据空前两句可知，把这首诗一行一行地读一遍，用手把下一行盖住，这样你就看不见了。把你自己放在诗人的立场上。故D项（如果我必须写一行来接这行，我会写什么？）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了跟随丈夫移居到美国堪萨斯州的作者感受到美国人的善意和真诚的故事。
13.C 根据上文I am Russian， but I live in Kansas now.可知，作者是被丈夫带到堪萨斯州的。
14.A 根据上文I work in a store可知，作者讲的是她同事的微笑。
15.D 根据上文pronounce my name so sweetly可知，同事们把作者的名字念得那么好听，作者感到亲切，觉得像是妈妈在叫她的名字。
16.D 上文讲同事们真诚的微笑和亲切的称呼让作者觉得像是妈妈在叫她的名字。根据However可知，下文要表达相反的意思：在作者的家乡，人们认为社交微笑是不真诚的。
17.B 根据下文to go and see my mom back in Russia可知，作者的丈夫建议作者回俄罗斯看她的妈妈。
18.A 根据上文My manager even gave me a month off和下文So what’s happening with your trip to Russia？可知，经理给作者批了一个月的探亲旅行假。
19.B 根据下文my suitcase可知，作者收拾行李，为探亲旅行做准备。
20.C 根据下文as I couldn’t go back可知，因为无法回俄罗斯见妈妈，所以作者心情不好。
21.D 根据下文that I wouldn’t be able to see my mom this year可知，作者不能回俄罗斯见妈妈，所以旅程取消了。
22.A 根据下文Well， you can come and see my mom！可知，Donna是面带微笑提出邀请的。
23.B 此处表示作者被同事的邀请感动得不知所措。at a loss for words为固定搭配，意为“不知说什么好”。
24.B 根据上文可知，Donna主动邀请作者去家里做客，而作者不确定自己遇到同样的情况时是否也会提出同样的邀请。
25.C 上文讲作者不确定自己遇到同样的情况时是否也会提出同样的邀请，结合句中转折连词but和上文同事的做法可知，她确定她的同事、朋友会那样做。
26.D 根据上文Because of the pandemic， we shouldn’t hug friends， but we can hug someone’s heart.可知，同事的做法让作者内心感受到温暖的拥抱。
27.D 根据上文Donna邀请作者去家里做客和we shouldn’t hug friends， but we can hug someone’s heart可知，同事的做法让作者感到温暖，也相信他们的微笑是真诚的。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。寓言是用比喻性的故事来寄托意味深长的道理，给人以启示的文学体裁，字数不多，但言简意赅。
28.expressing 动词mean后面通常接动词-ing形式作宾语，故填expressing。
29.through 寓言通常是“通过”虚构的故事来说明一个道理，故填through。
30.a 这里需要一个不定冠词来构成a form of literature这一短语，故填a。
31.stories 根据语境可知，这里提到的故事不止一个，故填其复数形式stories。
32.used 根据语境可知，这里说庄子首次使用“寓言”一词，应该用一般过去时，故填used。
33.to be read 这里显然是说寓言“被读”，另外need是情态动词，故填to be read。
34.which 本句是对上文庄子那句话的进一步解释，故填关系代词which来指代这句话，引导一个非限制性定语从句。
35.hidden 这里是说作者的观点和寓意被隐藏在故事中，故填表示被动的过去分词hidden。
36.traditional 由于后面的form是一个名词，故填形容词traditional来修饰它。
37.is 本句主语为story，且说明一个客观事实，故填is。
6 / 6Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 20，000 LEAGUES① UNDER THE SEA
[1]The crash was so violent② that I have no clear recollection③ of falling from the boat.Might I hope to be saved？ The darkness was intense④.I saw a black mass disappearing in the east.It was the boat！ I was lost.
“Help， help！” I shouted， [2]swimming towards the boat in desperation⑤.I was sinking⑥！ I couldn’t breathe！ “Help！” My mouth filled with water； I struggled against being drawn⑦ deeper， deeper down.[3]Suddenly I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of the sea；and I heard these words：“If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder， master would swim with much greater ease⑧.” I grabbed⑨ my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
[1]句中so ...that ...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
[2]句中swimming towards the boat in desperation 为动词-ing短语作状语。
[3]本句为“feel＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，drawn up to the surface of the sea为动词-ed 短语作宾语补足语。
“Is it you？” said I.
“Myself，” answered Conseil.
“That crash threw you as well as me into the sea？”
“No； but， being in my master’s service⑩， I followed him.”
Conseil was cool and calm.Nevertheless ， our situation was no less terrible. Near one o’clock in the morning， I suddenly felt terribly tired.Conseil had to keep me up ， and our preservation depended on him alone. “Leave me！ Leave me！” I said to him.
“Never！” replied he. “I would drown first.”
“Help！ Help！” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. There was no mistake！ A human voice responded to ours！ Then， I know not why， the thought of the strange， terrible animal came into my head for the first time！ But that voice！ I had almost no strength left； my fingers could hardly move； my mouth， opening and closing， filled with salt water. I became colder and colder. I raised my head for the last time， then I sank.
At this moment a hard body struck me. I held onto it； then I felt that I was being drawn up， that I was brought to the surface of the water， that my chest collapsed — my eyes closed， unconscious . I soon woke up， and half opened my eyes. I saw a face which I immediately recognised.“Ned！” I cried.
“The same， sir！” replied the Canadian.
“Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed？”
“Yes， Professor， but more fortunate than you， I was able to find safety almost immediately upon this island in the sea.Or， more correctly speaking ， on this large whale . [4]Only I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin， but bounced off.”
“Why， Ned， why？”
“Because that creature is made of steel .”I moved myself quickly to the top of the being ， and kicked it. It was evidently a hard， solid body.[5]The black back that supported me was smooth， polished ， nothing like an animal.The blow produced a sound of metal； and， [6]incredible though it may be， it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.This monster was a human construction . We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat. I searched all over the outside for an opening， a hole， but found nothing. At last this long night passed.Daybreak appeared.Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat. One iron plate was moved， a man appeared， uttered an odd cry， and disappeared immediately. Some moments after， eight strong men， [7]their faces covered， appeared noiselessly， and drew us down into their incredible machine.
[4]句中why 引导宾语从句。
[5]句中that supported me为定语从句，修饰先行词The black back。
[6]句中incredible though it may be 为倒装结构，as if it was made of metal plates为表语从句。
[7]their faces covered为独立主格结构。
【读文清障】
①league n.里格（旧时长度单位，约5，000米）；体育运动联合会，联赛；联盟，同盟
②violent adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的
③recollection n.想起，记起
have no clear recollection of想不起来了
④intense adj.强烈的；紧张的；非常的
⑤desperation n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切
in desperation绝望地，在走投无路的情况下
⑥sink vi. & vt. 下沉，沉没
⑦draw vi. 拉；拖
⑧ease n.轻易，毫不费劲
with much greater ease
更容易地
⑨grab vt. 攫取，抓住
⑩in my master’s service
为我的主人效劳
nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
keep up 使不下降
preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
drown vi. & vt. （使）淹死，（使）溺毙
respond to 回应，对……作出回答
strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸n.罢工；打击
chest n.胸部，胸膛
collapse v. 折叠；套缩；萎缩
unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的
correctly speaking 正确地说
whale n.鲸
weapon n.武器，兵器；凶器
bounce vi. & vt. （使）弹起， （使）反弹
steel n.钢，钢铁
being n.生物（尤指人）；诞生；出现；存在
evidently adv.明显地，显然
solid adj.固体的；坚硬的
polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的
construction n. 建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
daybreak n.黎明，破晓
utter vt. （尤指吃力地）发出（声音）
odd adj.古怪的；奇数的；剩余的；临时的；零散的
【参考译文】
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。我会被救起吗？夜色沉黑，我仿佛看到一大块黑东西在东方渐渐消失了。那是我们的船！我被丢下了。
“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。我要沉下去了！我透不过气了！“救命啊！”海水灌进嘴里，我挣扎着不被淹没。突然，我感到自己被迅速拉出水面；我听见有人说：“如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。”我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。
“是你吗？”我问。
“正是我。”康塞尔回答。
“你也是因为刚才的撞击掉下来的？”
“不是。为了服侍先生，我就跟着下来了。”
康赛尔很冷静。不过，我们的处境仍旧很糟糕。将近凌晨一点，我突然感到极度疲惫。康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。“放开我吧！别管我了！”我对他说。
“不行！要沉下去也是我先沉。”他答道。
“救命啊！救命啊！”康塞尔喊道。我似乎隐约听到有人回应。没错！是有个人在回应我们！然后，不知道为什么我第一次想到那个奇怪的、可怕的动物！可是那是人声不假！我的力气已经消耗殆尽，手指变得僵硬；我的嘴一张一合，灌满了又咸又苦的海水，我越来越冷。我最后一次抬起头来，之后便沉了下去。
就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。我紧紧地抓住了它；接着，我觉得有人往上拉我，把我拉出了水面，我的胸部不胀了——眼睛紧闭，失去了知觉。我很快就苏醒过来，半睁开眼睛，看到一张面孔立马就认了出来。“奈德！”我喊道。
“正是我，先生！”加拿大人答道。
“你也是撞击时坠入海里的吗？”
“是的，教授，但情形比您好一些，我落水后不久就脱险了，遇到了海里的这个小岛。或者更准确地说，是在这条大鲸鱼身上。不过，我很快就明白了，为什么武器刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开。”
“为什么呢，奈德，究竟是为什么呢？”
“因为这个生物是钢铁做的。”我迅速地爬到了它的上面，踢了一脚。显然， 这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。在我脚下的黑色的背脊精光溜滑，一点也不像动物。撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎是用金属板制成的。这个怪物是人造的。我们正躺在一只潜水船的背上。我四处查找，试图找到开口、气孔，但什么也没有。终于，漫漫长夜过去了，天亮了。突然船内传来一阵响声，一块钢板被掀了起来，出来一个人。 这人怪叫一声，立刻又消失不见了。过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
Step One： Pre-reading
Have you ever read any science fiction stories？ Who are the writers？ What are the stories about？（Answers may vary.）
Step Two： While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
What’s the main idea of the passage？（ ）
A.Weapons I can’t know.
B.My servant and I.
C.Some monsters we came across.
D.The horrible experiences in the sea.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What’s the relationship between the professor and Conseil？ （ ）
A.Colleagues. B.Opponents.
C.Teacher and student. D.Master and servant.
2.What kind of person is Conseil？（ ）
A.Brave， calm， ambitious.
B.Cool， calm， faithful.
C.Timid， selfish， cruel.
D.Cool， positive， devoted.
3.The creature refers to .（ ）
A.a whale B.a underwater boat
C.a solid body D.metal plates
4.Where do you think the continuation of the story happened？（ ）
A.Inside the machine. B.Under the sea.
C.On metal plates. D.Inside a whale.
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
The professor 1. from his boat.
Conseil 2. into the water to save the professor from being drowned.
The thought of a terrible 3. came into the professor’s head before he sank.
The professor was drawn up from water and saw 4. .
The professor learned that he was above a 5. “island” and found out more about it.
Step Three：Post-reading
Ⅰ.品课文佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the environment.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the action.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
The blow produced a sound of metal；and， incredible though it may be， it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.
句式分析
自主翻译
Ⅲ.讨论
1.What social status do you think the professor and Conseil belong to？ Find out evidence from the text.
2.What would you do if you were the author and taken inside the boat？
核心词汇集释
desperation n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切
【教材原句】 “Help， help！” I shouted， swimming towards the boat in desperation.
“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。
【用法】
（1）in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地
（2）desperate adj. 不顾一切的；令人绝望的；
极度渴望的
be desperate for/to do sth
极度渴望（做）……
（3）desperately adv. 拼命地；绝望地；极度地
【佳句】 We all have moments of desperation. But if we can face them bravely， that’s when we find out how strong we really are.
我们都有绝望的时刻。但如果我们能勇敢地面对它们，那就是我们发现自己到底有多么强大的时候。 （主旨升华句）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In a move to let out her （desperate）， she sings to relieve the pain buried deep inside.
②He took a deep breath， （desperate） trying to keep calm.
③I was absolutely desperate （visit） the newly-built library.
④ desperation， he decided to quit and go back to his hometown.
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤He was so eager for a job that he would have done anything.
ease n.轻易，毫不费劲；安逸；舒适 vt.减轻（痛苦、忧虑）
【教材原句】 If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder， master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
【用法】
（1）with ease 熟练地；不费力地
at one’s ease 舒适；自由自在；无拘无束
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松
put sb at ease 使舒适；使自在；使不受
拘束
（2）ease off sth 减轻；放松；慢下来
ease sb of sth 减轻某人的（痛苦、负
担等）
【佳句】 If you can find drive in studying， not only will you learn energetically， but with fun and ease.
如果你能在学习中找到动力，你不仅能学习起来精力充沛，而且能轻松愉快。 （建议信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①After all， it’s their job to put you ease and guide you through the hiring process.
②Ease the training a few days before the race.
③Although they were strangers， they conversed ease.
【写美】 句式升级
④He eased himself of anxiety and felt at ease.
→ ， he felt at ease.（动词-ing短语作状语）
→ ， he felt at ease.（动词-ed短语作状语）
grab vt.攫取，抓住；将……深深吸引n.抓取，抢夺
【教材原句】 I grabbed my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。
【用法】
grab sth （from ...） （从……）抓住；攫取
grab at/for sth （试图）抓住，夺得
【佳句】 He jumped out of bed， grabbed a phone and a flashlight， and headed down the hillside towards the noise.
他跳下床，抓起手机和手电筒，沿着山坡朝嘈杂的声音走去。 （动作描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Jim grabbed a cake the plate.
②He’ll grab any excuse to avoid doing the dishes.
【写美】 完成句子
③I jumped on the wall to .
为了吸引那群人的注意，我纵身跃上墙头。
preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
【教材原句】 Conseil had to keep me up， and our preservation depended on him alone.
康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。
【用法】
（1）a preservation group/society
环保团体/协会
（2）preserve vt. 保存；维护
preserve ...from ... 保护……以免……
be well preserved 保存/维护得很好
preserve the peace 维护和平
【佳句】 The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation.
这些绘画作品保存得非常好。 （事物介绍）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The vase （preserve） intact since the Ming Dynasty.
②The central issue was the （preserve） of jobs.
【写美】 完成句子
③The society was set up to .
成立协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；突然想到 n.罢工；打击
【教材原句】 At this moment a hard body struck me. 就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。
【用法】
（1）be struck by 被……打动/迷住了
strike ...into one’s heart
使……刻骨铭心
sth strike（s） sb 某人突然想起……
It strikes sb that ... 某人觉得……；某人突然想起……
（2）on strike 罢工
【佳句】 It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head.
一个苹果从树上掉下来砸在我的头上，把我吓了一跳。
【练透】 单句语法填空
① struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
②The visitors （strike） by the beauty of the country.
③Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion， one I’d strike my heart forever.
【写美】 翻译句子
④我想到一个好主意。
evidently adv.明显地，显然
【教材原句】 It was evidently a hard， solid body.
显然，这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。
【用法】
（1）evident adj. 明显的；明白的
It is/was evident that ...（＝evidently）
显然……
（2）evidence n. 证据；证明；根据
scientific evidence 科学根据
【佳句】 She walked slowly down the road， evidently in serious pain.
她沿路慢慢地走着，显然十分痛苦。 （人物描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
① （evident）， the reform and opening-up policy was a great success.
②There is convincing （evident） that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.
【写美】 句型转换
③
（用it作形式主语改写句①）
重点句型解构
句型公式：so ...that ...如此……以至于……
【教材原句】 The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
【用法】
（1）so＋ ＋that ...
（2）such＋ ＋that ...
【品悟】 These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.
这些孩子专心学习，我只好坐着不动。 （人物描写）
So fast did he run that he was far ahead of others.
他跑得如此快，以至于远远领先于其他人。【点津】 “so＋形容词/副词”或“such＋被修饰成分”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构。
【写美】 一句多译/完成句子
①她是一个这么可爱的女孩，以至于她所有的同学都很喜欢她。
→She is that all her classmates like her.
→She is that all her classmates like her.
→ is she that all her classmates like her.
→ is she that all her classmates like her.
②There was we had to water the garden often.
今年夏天雨水如此少以至于我们不得不经常浇花园。
③He made he was praised by the head teacher.
他取得如此大的进步以至于受到班主任的表扬。
④Anne is that I can’t help eating everything she makes.安妮是个很棒的厨师，我忍不住吃她做的所有东西。
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】 Some moments after， eight strong men， their faces covered， appeared noiselessly， and drew us down into their incredible machine.
过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
【用法】
（1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
（2）常见的独立主格结构有：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/动词不定式/动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式。
【品悟】 After a while，a group of women came along， each balancing a pot of water on her head. 过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。 （动作描写）
【写美】 完成句子
① ， I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends.
时间允许的话，我希望有更多的业余时间和朋友一起度过。
②He stood by the piano， ， listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.
他站在钢琴旁边，闭上眼睛，第一次听着自己的创作由别人弹奏出来。
Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 20，000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
【文本透析·剖语篇】
Step Two
Ⅰ.D
Ⅱ.1－4 DBBA
Ⅲ.1.fell 2.jumped 3.animal 4.Ned 5.metal
Step Three
Ⅰ.1.（1）The darkness was intense.I saw a black mass disappearing in the east.It was the boat！ I was lost.
（2）At last this long night passed.Daybreak appeared.
2.（1）“Help， help！” I shouted， swimming towards the boat in desperation.I was sinking！ I couldn’t breathe！
（2）I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last time， then I sank.
（3）Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat.
（4）One iron plate was moved， a man appeared， uttered an odd cry， and disappeared immediately.
（5）Some moments after， eight strong men， their faces covered， appeared noiselessly， and drew us down into their incredible machine.
Ⅱ.撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎是用金属板制成的。
Ⅲ.1.Based on the text， the professor likely holds a higher social status， while Conseil appears to be in a service position.Evidence for this includes：
①Conseil refers to the professor as “master” and follows him into the sea out of loyalty to his service.
②Conseil’s calm in dangerous situations， as well as his dedication to the professor indicate that he is a devoted servant or assistant.
2.If I were the author and taken inside the boat， I would：
①Observe my surroundings carefully and try to gather as much information as possible about the boat.
②Consider my options for escape， depending on the situation and the behaviour of the people inside the boat.
③Try to remain calm， using my intellect to navigate the situation and find a way to safety.
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①desperation ②desperately ③to visit ④In
⑤desperate for
2.①at ②off ③with ④Easing himself of anxiety； Eased of anxiety
3.①from ②at/for ③grab the attention of the crowd
4.①has been preserved ②preservation
③preserve endangered species from extinction
5.①It ②were struck ③into ④A good idea struck me.
6.①Evidently ②evidence ③It was evident that the reform and opening-up policy was a great success.
重点句型解构
1.①so lovely a girl； such a lovely girl； Such a lovely girl； So lovely a girl ②so little rain this summer that ③such great progress that ④such a good cook
2.①Time permitting ②eyes closed
11 / 11(共116张PPT)
Section Ⅴ
LESSON 3 20，000 LEAGUES① UNDER THE SEA
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
[1]The crash was so violent② that I have no clear recollection③ of
falling from the boat.Might I hope to be saved？ The darkness was intense
④.I saw a black mass disappearing in the east.It was the boat！ I was lost.
“Help， help！” I shouted， [2]swimming towards the boat in
desperation⑤.I was sinking⑥！ I couldn’t breathe！ “Help！” My
mouth filled with water； I struggled against being drawn⑦ deeper，
deeper down.[3]Suddenly I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of
the sea；and I heard these words：“If master would be so good as to
hold onto my shoulder， master would swim with much greater ease⑧.”
I grabbed⑨ my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
[1]句中so ...that ...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至
于……”。
[2]句中swimming towards the boat in desperation 为动词-ing短语
作状语。
[3]本句为“feel＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，drawn up to the
surface of the sea为动词-ed 短语作宾语补足语。
【读文清障】
①league n.里格（旧时长度单位，约5，000米）；体育运动联合会，
联赛；联盟，同盟
②violent adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的
③recollection n.想起，记起
have no clear recollection of想不起来了
④intense adj.强烈的；紧张的；非常的
⑤desperation n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切
in desperation绝望地，在走投无路的情况下
⑥sink vi. & vt. 下沉，沉没
⑦draw vi. 拉；拖
⑧ease n.轻易，毫不费劲
with much greater ease更容易地
⑨grab vt. 攫取，抓住
“No； but， being in my master’s service⑩， I followed him.”
Conseil was cool and calm.Nevertheless ， our situation was no less
terrible. Near one o’clock in the morning， I suddenly felt terribly
tired.Conseil had to keep me up ， and our preservation depended on
him alone. “Leave me！ Leave me！” I said to him.
“Never！” replied he. “I would drown first.”
“Is it you？” said I.
“Myself，” answered Conseil.
“That crash threw you as well as me into the sea？”
“Help！ Help！” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry
answered him. There was no mistake！ A human voice responded to
ours！ Then， I know not why， the thought of the strange， terrible
animal came into my head for the first time！ But that voice！ I had
almost no strength left； my fingers could hardly move； my mouth，
opening and closing， filled with salt water. I became colder and colder. I
raised my head for the last time， then I sank.
At this moment a hard body struck me. I held onto it； then I felt
that I was being drawn up， that I was brought to the surface of the
water， that my chest collapsed — my eyes closed， unconscious . I
soon woke up， and half opened my eyes. I saw a face which I
immediately recognised.“Ned！” I cried.
“The same， sir！” replied the Canadian.
“Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed？”
“Yes， Professor， but more fortunate than you， I was able to find
safety almost immediately upon this island in the sea.Or， more correctly
speaking ， on this large whale . [4]Only I soon found out why my
weapon had not entered its skin， but bounced off.”
“Why， Ned， why？”
“Because that creature is made of steel .”I moved myself quickly
to the top of the being ， and kicked it. It was evidently a hard， solid
body.[5]The black back that supported me was smooth， polished ，
nothing like an animal.The blow produced a sound of metal； and，
[6]incredible though it may be， it seemed as if it was made of metal
plates.This monster was a human construction . We were lying upon the
back of a sort of underwater boat. I searched all over the outside for an
opening， a hole， but found nothing. At last this long night
passed.Daybreak appeared.Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat.
One iron plate was moved， a man appeared， uttered an odd cry，
and disappeared immediately. Some moments after， eight strong men，
[7]their faces covered， appeared noiselessly， and drew us down into
their incredible machine.
[4]句中why 引导宾语从句。
[5]句中that supported me为定语从句，修饰先行词The black
back。
[6]句中incredible though it may be 为倒装结构，as if it was made
of metal plates为表语从句。
[7]their faces covered为独立主格结构。
⑩in my master’s service为我的主人效劳
nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
keep up 使不下降
preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
drown vi. & vt. （使）淹死，（使）溺毙
respond to 回应，对……作出回答
strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸n.罢工；打击
chest n.胸部，胸膛
collapse v. 折叠；套缩；萎缩
unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的
correctly speaking 正确地说
whale n.鲸
weapon n.武器，兵器；凶器
bounce vi. & vt. （使）弹起， （使）反弹
steel n.钢，钢铁
being n.生物（尤指人）；诞生；出现；存在
evidently adv.明显地，显然
solid adj.固体的；坚硬的
polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的
construction n. 建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
daybreak n.黎明，破晓
utter vt. （尤指吃力地）发出（声音）
odd adj.古怪的；奇数的；剩余的；临时的；零散的
【参考译文】
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。我会
被救起吗？夜色沉黑，我仿佛看到一大块黑东西在东方渐渐消失了。
那是我们的船！我被丢下了。
“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。我要沉下去
了！我透不过气了！“救命啊！”海水灌进嘴里，我挣扎着不被淹
没。突然，我感到自己被迅速拉出水面；我听见有人说：“如果主人
能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。”我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞
尔的胳膊。
“是你吗？”我问。
“正是我。”康塞尔回答。
“你也是因为刚才的撞击掉下来的？”
“不是。为了服侍先生，我就跟着下来了。”
康赛尔很冷静。不过，我们的处境仍旧很糟糕。将近凌晨一点，
我突然感到极度疲惫。康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的
重担全落在他一人身上。“放开我吧！别管我了！”我对他说。
“不行！要沉下去也是我先沉。”他答道。
“救命啊！救命啊！”康塞尔喊道。我似乎隐约听到有人回应。
没错！是有个人在回应我们！然后，不知道为什么我第一次想到那个
奇怪的、可怕的动物！可是那是人声不假！我的力气已经消耗殆尽，
手指变得僵硬；我的嘴一张一合，灌满了又咸又苦的海水，我越来越
冷。我最后一次抬起头来，之后便沉了下去。
就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。我紧紧地抓住了它；接
着，我觉得有人往上拉我，把我拉出了水面，我的胸部不胀了——眼
睛紧闭，失去了知觉。我很快就苏醒过来，半睁开眼睛，看到一张面
孔立马就认了出来。“奈德！”我喊道。
“正是我，先生！”加拿大人答道。
“你也是撞击时坠入海里的吗？”
“是的，教授，但情形比您好一些，我落水后不久就脱险了，遇
到了海里的这个小岛。或者更准确地说，是在这条大鲸鱼身上。不
过，我很快就明白了，为什么武器刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开。”
“为什么呢，奈德，究竟是为什么呢？”
“因为这个生物是钢铁做的。”我迅速地爬到了它的上面，踢了
一脚。显然， 这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。在我脚下的黑色的背脊精
光溜滑，一点也不像动物。撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然听
起来不可思议，但它似乎是用金属板制成的。这个怪物是人造的。我
们正躺在一只潜水船的背上。我四处查找，试图找到开口、气孔，但
什么也没有。终于，漫漫长夜过去了，天亮了。突然船内传来一阵响
声，一块钢板被掀了起来，出来一个人。 这人怪叫一声，立刻又消失
不见了。过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们
拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
Step One： Pre-reading
Have you ever read any science fiction stories？ Who are the writers？
What are the stories about？（Answers may vary.）
Step Two： While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
What’s the main idea of the passage？（ ）
A. Weapons I can’t know.
B. My servant and I.
C. Some monsters we came across.
D. The horrible experiences in the sea.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What’s the relationship between the professor and Conseil？
（ ）
A. Colleagues. B. Opponents.
C. Teacher and student. D. Master and servant.
2. What kind of person is Conseil？（ ）
A. Brave， calm， ambitious.
B. Cool， calm， faithful.
C. Timid， selfish， cruel.
D. Cool， positive， devoted.
3. The creature refers to .（ ）
A. a whale
B. a underwater boat
C. a solid body
D. metal plates
4. Where do you think the continuation of the story happened？（ ）
A. Inside the machine.
B. Under the sea.
C. On metal plates.
D. Inside a whale.
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
The professor 1. from his boat.
Conseil 2. into the water to save the professor from being
drowned.
The thought of a terrible 3. came into the professor’s head
before he sank.
fell
jumped
animal
The professor was drawn up from water and saw 4. .
The professor learned that he was above a 5. “island” and
found out more about it.
Ned
metal
Step Three：Post-reading
Ⅰ.品课文佳句
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the
environment.
（1）The darkness was intense.I saw a black mass disappearing in
the east.It was the boat！ I was lost.
（2）At last this long night passed.Daybreak appeared.
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the action.
（1）“Help， help！” I shouted， swimming towards the boat in
desperation.I was sinking！ I couldn’t breathe！
（2）I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last
time， then I sank.
（3）Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat.
（4）One iron plate was moved， a man appeared， uttered an odd
cry， and disappeared immediately.
（5）Some moments after， eight strong men， their faces
covered， appeared noiselessly， and drew us down into their
incredible machine.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
The blow produced a sound of metal；and， incredible though it may
be， it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.
句式分析
自主翻译
撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然听起来不可思议，
但它似乎是用金属板制成的。
Ⅲ.讨论
1. What social status do you think the professor and Conseil belong to？
Find out evidence from the text.
Based on the text， the professor likely holds a higher social status，
while Conseil appears to be in a service position.Evidence for this
includes：
①Conseil refers to the professor as “master” and follows him into
the sea out of loyalty to his service.
②Conseil’s calm in dangerous situations， as well as his
dedication to the professor indicate that he is a devoted servant or
assistant.
2. What would you do if you were the author and taken inside the boat？
If I were the author and taken inside the boat， I would：
①Observe my surroundings carefully and try to gather as much
information as possible about the boat.
②Consider my options for escape， depending on the situation and
the behaviour of the people inside the boat.
③Try to remain calm， using my intellect to navigate the situation
and find a way to safety.
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
核心词汇集释
desperation n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切
【教材原句】 “Help， help！” I shouted， swimming towards the
boat in desperation.
“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。
【用法】
（1）in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地
（2）desperate adj. 不顾一切的；令人绝望的；极度渴望的
be desperate for/to do sth 极度渴望（做）……
（3）desperately adv. 拼命地；绝望地；极度地
【佳句】 We all have moments of desperation. But if we can face them
bravely， that’s when we find out how strong we really are. 我们都有绝
望的时刻。但如果我们能勇敢地面对它们，那就是我们发现自己到底
有多么强大的时候。 （主旨升华句）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In a move to let out her （desperate）， she sings to
relieve the pain buried deep inside.
②He took a deep breath， （desperate） trying to keep
calm.
desperation
desperately
③I was absolutely desperate （visit） the newly-built library.
④ desperation， he decided to quit and go back to his hometown.
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤He was so eager for a job that he would have done anything.
to visit
In
desperate for
ease n.轻易，毫不费劲；安逸；舒适 vt.减轻（痛苦、忧虑）
【教材原句】 If master would be so good as to hold onto my
shoulder， master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
（1）with ease 熟练地；不费力地
at one’s ease 舒适；自由自在；无拘无束
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松
put sb at ease 使舒适；使自在；使不受拘束
（2）ease off sth 减轻；放松；慢下来
ease sb of sth 减轻某人的（痛苦、负担等）
【用法】
【佳句】 If you can find drive in studying， not only will you learn
energetically， but with fun and ease.
如果你能在学习中找到动力，你不仅能学习起来精力充沛，而且能轻
松愉快。 （建议信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①After all， it’s their job to put you ease and guide you through
the hiring process.
②Ease the training a few days before the race.
③Although they were strangers， they conversed ease.
【写美】 句式升级
④He eased himself of anxiety and felt at ease.
→ ， he felt at ease.（动词-ing短语
作状语）
→ ， he felt at ease.（动词-ed短语作状语）
at
off
with
Easing himself of anxiety
Eased of anxiety
grab vt.攫取，抓住；将……深深吸引n.抓取，抢夺
【教材原句】 I grabbed my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。
【用法】
grab sth （from ...） （从……）抓住；攫取
grab at/for sth （试图）抓住，夺得
【佳句】 He jumped out of bed， grabbed a phone and a flashlight，
and headed down the hillside towards the noise. 他跳下床，抓起手机和
手电筒，沿着山坡朝嘈杂的声音走去。 （动作描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Jim grabbed a cake the plate.
②He’ll grab any excuse to avoid doing the dishes.
【写美】 完成句子
③I jumped on the wall to .
为了吸引那群人的注意，我纵身跃上墙头。
from
at/for
grab the attention of the crowd
preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
【教材原句】 Conseil had to keep me up， and our preservation
depended on him alone.
康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人
身上。
（1）a preservation group/society 环保团体/协会
（2）preserve vt. 保存；维护
preserve ...from ... 保护……以免……
be well preserved 保存/维护得很好
preserve the peace 维护和平
【用法】
【佳句】 The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation.
这些绘画作品保存得非常好。 （事物介绍）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The vase （preserve） intact since the Ming
Dynasty.
②The central issue was the （preserve） of jobs.
has been preserved
preservation
【写美】 完成句子
③The society was set up to
.
成立协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
preserve endangered species from
extinction
strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；突然想到 n.罢工；打
击
【教材原句】 At this moment a hard body struck me. 就在这时，一
个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。
（1）be struck by 被……打动/迷住了
strike ...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心
sth strike（s） sb 某人突然想起……
It strikes sb that ... 某人觉得……；某人突然想起……
（2）on strike 罢工
【用法】
【佳句】 It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me
on the head.
一个苹果从树上掉下来砸在我的头上，把我吓了一跳。
【练透】 单句语法填空
① struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
②The visitors （strike） by the beauty of the country.
③Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was
indeed a warm occasion， one I’d strike my heart forever.
It
were struck
into
【写美】 翻译句子
④我想到一个好主意。
A good idea struck me.
evidently adv.明显地，显然
【教材原句】 It was evidently a hard， solid body. 显然，这是一个
坚硬、结实的物体。
【用法】
（1）evident adj. 明显的；明白的
It is/was evident that ...（＝evidently） 显然……
（2）evidence n. 证据；证明；根据
scientific evidence 科学根据
【佳句】 She walked slowly down the road， evidently in serious pain.
她沿路慢慢地走着，显然十分痛苦。 （人物描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
① （evident）， the reform and opening-up policy was a
great success.
②There is convincing （evident） that listening to loud
music can do great harm to our hearing.
Evidently
evidence
【写美】 句型转换
③
（用it作形式主语改写句①）
It was evident that the reform and opening-up policy was a great
success.
重点句型解构
句型公式：so ...that ...如此……以至于……
【教材原句】 The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection
of falling from the boat.
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
【用法】
【品悟】 These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.
这些孩子专心学习，我只好坐着不动。 （人物描写）
So fast did he run that he was far ahead of others.
他跑得如此快，以至于远远领先于其他人。
【点津】 “so＋形容词/副词”或“such＋被修饰成分”位于句首
时，主句用部分倒装结构。
【写美】 一句多译/完成句子
①她是一个这么可爱的女孩，以至于她所有的同学都很喜欢她。
→She is that all her classmates like her.
→She is that all her classmates like her.
→ is she that all her classmates like her.
→ is she that all her classmates like her.
②There was we had to water the garden
often.
今年夏天雨水如此少以至于我们不得不经常浇花园。
so lovely a girl
such a lovely girl
Such a lovely girl
So lovely a girl
so little rain this summer that
③He made he was praised by the head
teacher.
他取得如此大的进步以至于受到班主任的表扬。
④Anne is that I can’t help eating everything she
makes.安妮是个很棒的厨师，我忍不住吃她做的所有东西。
such great progress that
such a good cook
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】 Some moments after， eight strong men， their faces
covered， appeared noiselessly， and drew us down into their incredible
machine.
过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他
们那不可思议的机器里。
【用法】
（1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。
该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
（2）常见的独立主格结构有：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/动
词不定式/动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式。
【品悟】 After a while，a group of women came along， each
balancing a pot of water on her head.
过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。 （动作
描写）
【写美】 完成句子
① ， I expect to have more spare time to spend with
my friends.
时间允许的话，我希望有更多的业余时间和朋友一起度过。
②He stood by the piano， ， listening for the first time to
his own work being played by someone else.
他站在钢琴旁边，闭上眼睛，第一次听着自己的创作由别人弹奏
出来。
Time permitting
eyes closed
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. The weather was cold and rainy； （尽管如此），
the outdoor concert went on as planned.
2. She （抓住） the child’s hand and ran.
3. The young man gets his leather shoes （擦亮的） and
shiny every day before he gets out.
4. Suddenly， the wheels started to （下沉） into the mud.
nevertheless
grabbed
polished
sink
5. The ball （弹起） twice before he could reach it.
6. I woke up at d ， eager to start my first day of summer camp.
7. The carpenter built a s wooden table that will last for years.
bounced
aybreak
olid
维度二：词形转换
1. The museum is （ease） accessible by car.
2. （evidence）， she had nothing to do with the whole
affair.
3. We have paid much attention to the environmental
（preserve） in recent years.
4. This article reveals a note of （desperate） of the
author.
easily
Evidently
preservation
desperation
5. Work has begun on the （construct） of the new
airport.
6. Humour is a more effective defence than （violent）.
7. Perhaps， （unconscious）， I’ve done
something to offend her.
8. In （strike） contrast to their brothers， the girls were
both intelligent and charming.
9. The swimmer dived into the river to save the （drown）
child.
10. She had no （recollect） of sending the emails when
awake.
construction
violence
unconsciously
striking
drowning
recollection
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Graduates （渴望得到） good jobs after
graduation.
2. The smile on our teacher’s face （使我们感
到轻松）.
3. With the limited natural resources， we should take action
to （保护它们不被浪费）.
4. He is （如此善良） that everyone likes to talk with him.
5. （工作结束了）， we went home.
are desperate to get
made us feel at ease
preserve them from being wasted
so kind
The job finished
维度四：课文语法填空
The crash was so violent that I 1. （fall） from the boat.I
was sinking！Suddenly I grabbed my 2. （faith） Conseil’s
arm with one hand.“Help！ Help！” cried Conseil.A human voice
responded 3. ours！ I had almost no strength left before I
sank.Then I felt that I 4. （draw） up.“Ned！” I
cried.Ned was thrown into the sea when the boat crashed too.I found
myself 5. （lie） on a large whale， 6.
fell
faithful
to
was being drawn
lying
was made of steel.This monster was actually a human
7. （construct）.I searched all over the outside for an
opening or a hole，but found nothing.Daybreak
appeared.8. （sudden） a noise came from inside the
boat.One iron plate was moved，a man appeared，uttered 9. odd
cry，and disappeared immediately.Some moments after， eight strong
men，their faces 10. （cover）， appeared noiselessly，and
drew us down into their incredible machine.
which
construction
Suddenly
an
covered
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage， determination， and strength
have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes： Trip to Washington， D. C. for each of three
winners， a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice.Trip
includes round-trip air tickets， hotel stay for two nights， and tours of the
National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic
World.
6 First Prizes： The book Sky Pioneer： A Photobiography of
Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions： Judges will choose up to 50 honorable
mention winners， who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of
Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
·Write a poem using 100 words or fewer.Your poem can be any
format， any number of lines.
·Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper.You may use both
the front and back of the paper.
·On the same sheet of paper， write or type your name， address，
telephone number， and birth date.
·Mail your entry to us by 31 October this year.
语篇解读：本文是一篇关于诗歌邀请赛的征文启事。文章包括三部
分：诗歌的主题要求（勇气、决心和毅力）、奖项设置和比赛规
则。
语篇解读：本文是一篇关于诗歌邀请赛的征文启事。文章包括三部
分：诗歌的主题要求（勇气、决心和毅力）、奖项设置和比赛规
则。
1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip？
（ ）
A. Two. B. Three.
C. Four. D. Six.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分第一段中的Trip to
Washington， D. C. for each of three winners， a parent and one other
person of the winner’s choice.可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长
和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。
2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get？ （ ）
A. A plane ticket.
B. A book by Corinne Szabo.
C. A special T-shirt.
D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分第三段内容可知，每位优
秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。
3. Which of the following will result in disqualification？（ ）
A. Typing your poem out.
B. Writing a poem of 120 words.
C. Using both sides of the paper.
D. Mailing your entry on 30 October.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Rules部分中的Follow all rules
carefully to prevent disqualification.以及第一条中的Write a poem
using 100 words or fewer.可知，所写的诗词数不能超过100，否
则，将会被取消资格。因此B项（写一首120词的诗）是会被取消
资格的。
B
Humans are usually optimistic and confident.In psychological circles
this is a proven phenomenon known as the “better than average effect
（BTAE）”.Academic research has demonstrated that people
consistently think they are better than the average person when it comes to
driving， teaching， athletic ability， leadership skills and social
skills.People rate themselves as more honest， persistent and original than
average.
A new set of studies has now demonstrated that BTAE also applies to
people’s perception （认知） of their being environmental friendly.The
research， conducted at the University of Gothenburg， reveals that out of
4，000 survey participants from Sweden， the United States， England
and India， the majority were convinced that they acted more
environmentally friendly than the average person — a mathematical
impossibility.
The researchers tested this using two methods， known as direct and
indirect.For the former （used in Sweden） people were simply asked
whether they thought they were more or less environmentally friendly than
others in their country.The indirect approach （used for the other
countries） involved asking participants about specific behaviours， such
as buying green products， turning off taps when brushing teeth and taking
a reusable bag to the shops.
Both methods demonstrated the effect in action.The percentage of
people rating their own pro-environmental engagement as above average
was 75.3 percent in the total sample of Indians， English and Americans
（85.7 percent in the Indian sample， 72 percent in the English sample，
and 63.7 percent in the US sample）.When it came to specific
behaviours， the effect was found to hold for nine out of ten pro-
environmental behaviours tested.
The risk of BTAE is that if everyone already thinks they are doing so
well， it could mean that people are less willing to step up their game in
the future.The research did not show a strong risk of this， but
environmental psychology researcher Magnus Bergquist points out that
even a small effect in this regard could have a large impact across whole
societies.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。很多人都认为自己比其他人做得更
加环保，事实真的如此吗？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。很多人都认为自己比其他人做得更
加环保，事实真的如此吗？
4. What does BTAE mainly reflect about people？（ ）
A. A blind faith in oneself.
B. A pessimistic attitude in life.
C. An assumption of the future.
D. A high expectation on others.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，BTAE指人们的一种普
遍倾向：认为自己在各方面比其他人做得更好。显然，这是一种盲
目的自信。
5. What do we learn about the new research？（ ）
A. It proved BTAE.
B. It discovered BTAE.
C. It was conducted in five countries.
D. It spread environmental knowledge.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，这项研究通过两种
方法证明BTAE理论也适用于人们的自我环保认知。
6. BTAE can be found most obviously in .（ ）
A. Swedes B. Indians
C. Americans D. English
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，在参与调查的四个
国家中，85.7%的印度人认为自己比其他人更加环保，这说明
BTAE理论在他们身上表现得最为明显。
7. What is the problem with BTAE？（ ）
A. People will laugh at others.
B. People will forget their goals.
C. People won’t perform as usual.
D. People won’t make further efforts.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，BTAE带来的一个风
险是人们认为自己已经做得足够好，因此不会进一步努力。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Read a Poem
There’s really only one reason why poetry has gotten a reputation
for being so “difficult”：It demands your full attention.8.（ ）
Follow your ears.It’s okay to ask “What does it mean？” when
you are reading a poem.But it’s even better to ask “How does it
sound？” 9.（ ） Even if you can’t understand a single thing about
a poem’s “subject” or “theme”， you can always say something
about the sound of the words.
10. （ ） OK， we’re not saying you have to shout it from the
rooftops.If you’re embarrassed and want to lock yourself in the attic
（阁楼） and read the poem in the quietest whisper， go ahead.But
reading aloud is really an effective way to understand a poem，
because reading even part of it aloud can totally change your
perspective on how it works.
Read in different places.Just like music， the experience of
poetry changes depending on your mood and the environment.Read in
as many different places as possible： at the beach， on a mountain，
in the subway.11.（ ）
Think like a poet.Here’s a fun exercise.Go through the poem one
line at a time， covering up the next line with your hand so you can’t see
it.Put yourself in the poet’s shoes：12.（ ） If you start to think
like this， you’ll be able to appreciate all the different choices that go
into making a poem.
A. Be patient.
B. Read it aloud.
C. If all else fails， treat it like a song.
D. If I had to write a line to come after this line， what would I put？
E. So if you don’t get it， set the poem aside and come back to it later.
F. Sometimes all it takes is a change of scenery for a poem to really come
alive.
G. Here is a short list of tips that will make poems reading more
enjoyable.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何朗读一首诗歌提供了几
个技巧。
8. G 根据下文各段首句可知，本文提供了几个朗读诗歌的技巧。故
G项（这里有一个简短的技巧列表，将使诗歌朗读更愉快）总启下
文，符合语境。
9. C 根据空后一句可知，即使你对一首诗的“题目”或“主题”一
窍不通，你也总能对单词的发音说出一些东西。故C项（如果其他方
法都失败了，把它当作一首歌来对待）符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何朗读一首诗歌提供了几
个技巧。
10. B 根据下文But reading aloud is really an effective way ...your
perspective on how it works.可知，但是大声朗读确实是理解一首诗的
有效方法，因为大声朗读其中的一部分可以完全改变你对一首诗的看
法。故B项（大声朗读诗歌）符合语境。
11. F 根据空前一句可知，在尽可能多的地方读诗：在海滩上、在山
上、在地铁里。所以在这么多不同的地方读诗，就是为了说明环境对
读诗所产生的积极影响。故F项（有时候，一首诗要栩栩如生，只需
要变换一下环境）符合语境。
12. D 根据空前两句可知，把这首诗一行一行地读一遍，用手把下
一行盖住，这样你就看不见了。把你自己放在诗人的立场上。故D项
（如果我必须写一行来接这行，我会写什么？）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
I am Russian， but I live in Kansas now.It was my husband，
John， that 13 me here.I work in a store， where my 14 smile
and pronounce my name so sweetly as though my mom was 15
me.However， in my hometown， people sometimes believe a social
smile is not 16 .
Last year， John 17 me to go and see my mom back in
Russia.My manager even gave me a month off for the 18 .I bought a
plane ticket and 19 my suitcase.Then came an unexpected
event.My 20 became grey as I couldn’t go back.
A few weeks later， my colleague， Donna， asked me，“So
what’s happening with your trip to Russia？” I told her that I had
to 21 it and that I wouldn’t be able to see my mom this year.Donna
didn’t say anything at first.Then she put on a big 22 ， “Well，
you can come and see my mom！”
Oh！ That’s what my husband always says when he’s 23 for
words.I honestly don’t know whether I would 24 the same to
someone in need of a mother’s warmth， but my new people
would 25 do it.Because of the pandemic， we shouldn’t hug
friends， but we can hug someone’s heart.That’s how my heart feels at
that moment： 26 .So， yes， believe me， their smile is 27 .
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了跟随丈夫移居到美国堪
萨斯州的作者感受到美国人的善意和真诚的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了跟随丈夫移居到美国堪
萨斯州的作者感受到美国人的善意和真诚的故事。
13. A. ordered B. promised
C. brought D. surprised
解析： 根据上文I am Russian， but I live in Kansas now.可知，
作者是被丈夫带到堪萨斯州的。
14. A. co-workers B. teachers
C. receptionists D. neighbours
解析： 根据上文I work in a store可知，作者讲的是她同事
的微笑。
15. A. accepting B. comparing
C. expecting D. calling
解析： 根据上文pronounce my name so sweetly可知，同事们把
作者的名字念得那么好听，作者感到亲切，觉得像是妈妈在叫她
的名字。
16. A. sensitive B. typical
C. spiritual D. genuine
解析： 上文讲同事们真诚的微笑和亲切的称呼让作者觉得像
是妈妈在叫她的名字。根据However可知，下文要表达相反的意
思：在作者的家乡，人们认为社交微笑是不真诚的。
17. A. forced B. advised
C. drove D. followed
解析： 根据下文to go and see my mom back in Russia可知，作
者的丈夫建议作者回俄罗斯看她的妈妈。
18. A. trip B. study
C. work D. language
解析： 根据上文My manager even gave me a month off和下文So
what’s happening with your trip to Russia？可知，经理给作者批了
一个月的探亲旅行假。
19. A. searched B. packed
C. forgot D. imagined
解析： 根据下文my suitcase可知，作者收拾行李，为探亲旅行
做准备。
20. A. hair B. suit C. mood D. brain
解析： 根据下文as I couldn’t go back可知，因为无法回俄罗
斯见妈妈，所以作者心情不好。
21. A. handle B. record
C. assume D. cancel
解析： 根据下文that I wouldn’t be able to see my mom this year
可知，作者不能回俄罗斯见妈妈，所以旅程取消了。
22. A. smile B. show
C. weight D. action
解析：A 根据下文Well， you can come and see my mom！可知，
Donna是面带微笑提出邀请的。
23. A. on duty B. at a loss
C. in no case D. in danger
解析： 此处表示作者被同事的邀请感动得不知所措。at a loss
for words为固定搭配，意为“不知说什么好”。
24. A. award B. offer C. owe D. trouble
解析： 根据上文可知，Donna主动邀请作者去家里做客，而作
者不确定自己遇到同样的情况时是否也会提出同样的邀请。
25. A. hardly B. carefully
C. surely D. slightly
解析： 上文讲作者不确定自己遇到同样的情况时是否也会提
出同样的邀请，结合句中转折连词but和上文同事的做法可知，她
确定她的同事、朋友会那样做。
26. A. cheated B. felt
C. understood D. hugged
解析： 根据上文Because of the pandemic， we shouldn’t hug
friends， but we can hug someone’s heart.可知，同事的做法让作
者内心感受到温暖的拥抱。
27. A. native B. healthy
C. harmless D. sincere
解析： 根据上文Donna邀请作者去家里做客和we shouldn’t
hug friends， but we can hug someone’s heart可知，同事的做法让
作者感到温暖，也相信他们的微笑是真诚的。
Ⅳ.语法填空
In Chinese， the word “yuyan” （fable） is composed of two
words：“Yu” means 28. （express） something in a
disguised （隐藏的） manner， while “Yan” means words or
languages. Therefore “yuyan” means explaining a certain principle
29. invented stories or natural objects.
In the daily life， the fable， 30. time-honored form
of literature， often exists in long and large articles in the form of small
31. （story） to help explain the particular principle， or
persuade individuals of the principle so that readers can understand the
profound meanings of articles.
Chuang Tze， a great philosopher in the Warring States Period of
China， first 32. （use） the word “yuyan” in his
articles. He wrote，“Most of the fables need 33.
（read） between the lines，” 34. means that profound
thoughts are expressed through simple stories. In other words， the
authors’ ideas are 35. （hide） within the stories.
In reality， fables are a 36. （tradition） form of
literature in both China and foreign countries. The well-known story —
The Farmer and the Snake 37. （be） in fact a fable by a
Greek called Aesop. In addition， Bible stories also contain many fable
stories.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。寓言是用比喻性的故事来寄托意味
深长的道理，给人以启示的文学体裁，字数不多，但言简意赅。
28. expressing 动词mean后面通常接动词-ing形式作宾语，故填
expressing。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。寓言是用比喻性的故事来寄托意味
深长的道理，给人以启示的文学体裁，字数不多，但言简意赅。
29. through 寓言通常是“通过”虚构的故事来说明一个道理，故填
through。
30. a 这里需要一个不定冠词来构成a form of literature这一短语，故
填a。
31. stories 根据语境可知，这里提到的故事不止一个，故填其复数
形式stories。
32. used 根据语境可知，这里说庄子首次使用“寓言”一词，应该
用一般过去时，故填used。
33. to be read 这里显然是说寓言“被读”，另外need是情态动词，
故填to be read。
34. which 本句是对上文庄子那句话的进一步解释，故填关系代词
which来指代这句话，引导一个非限制性定语从句。
35. hidden 这里是说作者的观点和寓意被隐藏在故事中，故填表示
被动的过去分词hidden。
36. traditional 由于后面的form是一个名词，故填形容词traditional来
修饰它。
37. is 本句主语为story，且说明一个客观事实，故填is。
谢谢观看！
