Unit 4 Body Language Words and Expressions单词导学案（无答案）2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 4 Body Language 词汇学习学案
I. 词汇变形 (Word Formation)
vary (v. 变化，改变) __________ (n. 变化，多样性) __________ (adj. 各种各样的)
approve (v. interaction (n. 交流) ___________ (v. 交流) ____________ (a. 交互式的)
赞成，同意) ____________ (n. 赞成，同意)
demonstrate (v. 表现，说明) _____________ (n. 表现)
employ (v. 使用，雇佣) ____________ (n. 使用，雇佣) ____________ (n. 雇员) ____________ (n. 雇主) ____________ (n. 失业) ____________ (a. 失业的)
interpret (v. 理解，口译) ____________ (n. 理解，解释，口译) ____________ (n. 口译员)
differ (v. 相异，不同于) ____________ (adj. 不相同的) ___________ (n. 差异，不同) ____________ (a. 漠不关心的)
anger (n./v. 愤怒，生气) __________ (adj. 生气的)
reliable (adj. 可靠的) __________ (v. 依靠，依赖)
assess (v. 评价，评估) ___________ (n. 评价)
internal (adj. 内部的) __________ (adj. 外部的)
educator (n. 教育者) ___________ (v. 教育) ___________ (n. 教育) ___________ (adj. 有教育意义的) ___________ (adj. 有教养的)
barely (adv. 几乎不，勉强) ________ (adj. 赤裸的，光秃的)
occupy (v. 占据，占领) _________ (n. 占据) ____________ (adj. 被占据的)
distract (v. 分散，分心) __________ (n. 分散，分心) ____________ (adj. 分心的)
distinguish (v. 区分，辨别) ____________ (adj. 卓越的，杰出的)
anxiety (n. 焦虑，担忧) ________ (adj. 焦虑的)
embarrass (v. 使尴尬) __________ (n. 尴尬) _____________ (adj. 感到尴尬的) _____________ (adj. 令人尴尬的)
shame (n./v. 尴尬，丢脸) __________ (adj. 羞愧的，难堪的) __________ (adj. 丢脸的，可耻的)
inquire (v. 询问) _________ (n. 询问)
adjust (v. 调整) _________ (n. 调整)
react (v. 反应，回应) _________ (n. 反应，回应)
II. 重点词汇讲解 (Key Words & Phrases)
1. interaction n. 交流，相互影响
【词源解析】
inter- 前缀，表示“在...之间；相互”
inter- (相互) + act (行动) + -ion (名词后缀，表行为结果)
相关词汇:
international adj. _____________
interpersonal adj. _____________
interdependence n. _____________
interview v._____________
【词性转换】
interact v. 互动；交流；相互作用；相互影响
Interactive adj. 相互交流 /影响的；互动的
【用法】
interaction between performers and audience
译：
interact with… 与……相互交流/影响/作用
vary v. (根据情况) 变化；改变
【近义词】di
【词性转换】
various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的
variety n.变化；多样性
【用法】
vary from...to... 由…… 到…… 不等
vary in... 在……(大小、形状等) 上不同
vary with... 随…… 而变化
a variety of/varieties of 种种；各种各样的=various
【练习】
①这些植物的高度从8cm到20cm不等。
The of the plants 8cm 20cm.
② 各种娱乐活动
③ 不同的文化有不同的肢体语言。
Body language culture culture.
④vary from person to person
3. approve v. 赞成；同意；批准；通过
【词性转换】
disapprove v. 不赞成；不同意
approval n. 赞成；通过；同意；批准
disapproval n. 不赞成；反对
approving a.赞许的，许可的
disapproving a. 不赞成的
【用法】
approve of (sb. /sb.'s) doing sth. 赞成 / 同意某人做某事
【练习】
① I approve of you ______ (try) to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
② I would appreciate it if my application could get your ______ (approve).
③相比之下，一些国家并不支持眼神交流。
By , eye not in some countries.
④The professor made no comment about the speech, but
gave an ___________ nod.
nodded in ___________.
nodded at me ________________.
【联想】　“赞成”与“反对”知多少：
(1)赞成；支持
①agree vi. &vt.同意，赞成　②favour vt.赞成 ③support vt.支持
(2)反对
①oppose vt.　②object vi. ③resist vt./vi/　 ④disagree vi.
4.employ vt.使用；应用；雇用
【词性转换】
employer n.雇用者；雇主；老板
employee n.雇工；雇员
employed adj. 被雇用的
unemployed adj. 失业的；没有工作的
employment n.职业；工作；(occupation/career) 使用
unemployment n. 失业
【用法】
employ sb as...雇用某人任……
employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in (doing) sth＝be employed in (doing) sth 忙于(做)某事
【练习】
①employ the gesture
②A number of people (employ) to design the theme park so far.
③The college actually employed her (take) over the DNA project.
④ , the wildlife protection in recent years.
最近几年这个科学家一直忙于研究野生生物保护
5. differ v. 相异；不同于
【词性转换】
difference n. 不同；差异
different adj. 不同的；有区别的
indifferent adj.
【用法】
differ from... 和…… 不同=be different from...
differ in... 在…… 方面不同
make a/no (big...) difference to.... 对........有 / 没有（大的）影响
tell the difference between A and B (=tell A and B apart) 区分 A 和 B
【练习】
①法语和英语在这方面有所不同
French / English in this .
There is a French and English.
② That fashion in different countries differs ______ each other, which reflects the cultural differences.
③ A small step (对环境有重大影响）
6. favour=favor v. 较喜欢；选择；有利于 n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同
【词性转换】
favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的
favourite adj. 最喜欢的 n. 特别喜爱的人 / 物
【用法】
do sb. a favour 帮某人忙
ask sb. a favour = ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
in favour of 赞成；支持
in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
favour doing sth 喜欢做某事（复习XB1U2 prefer用法）
【练习】
①Still， She was not my decision.
didn’t my decision.
② I like all the books on the shelf but this one is my ______ (favour).
③ Could you ____ __ and feed my cat this weekend
(你能帮我个忙 —— 这周末帮我喂猫吗？)
④ This applicant has a lot , especially her experience of teaching.
(这位申请人有很多优势，尤其是她执教的经历。)
【联想】“帮助某人”其他表达：
①help sb with sth　 ②give sb a hand ③come to one’s assistance/aid ④give aid to sb ⑤lend a helping hand to sb ⑥give sb a lift
break down
break - -
根据以下句意总结break down 的5个意思
break down the barrier.
The car broke down.
His health broke down.
The peace talk broke down.
Plastics are difficult to break down.
【联想】
break away (from) 离开；脱离
break out (火灾、战争等)突然爆发
break into 破门而入；突然……起来
break in 打断；插嘴；破门而入
break through 冲破；突破
break up 东西破碎/关系破裂，分手/集体活动结束或组织解散/分拆，分解
【助记】
人与人之间的关系就是这么微妙。Jack和Rose因为汽车抛锚break down这件小事而爆发break out 了一场争吵乎.后来他们分手 break up 了,中断break off 了所有联系, 好像谁也不曾闯入过break into谁的世界。
【练习】
1. The meeting broke______(down/up) because no one could agree.
2. When the fire broke ______(down/out), everyone ran out of the building.
assessment n. 评价；评定 [C]
【近义词】 judge/evaluate/ estimate
【词性转换】
assess v.评定；评估；估算
【用法】
make an assessment (of ) (对……)作出评估
【联想】
access n. 道路，（有权）使用
have access to the Internet
accent n. 口音
【练习】
First aid requires rapid (assess) of victims to decide whether life-threatening conditions exist.
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in a/one word 总之；简言之
keep one’s word 遵守诺言
break one’s word 失信；不守诺言
have a word with... 与……谈一谈
have words with... 与……拌嘴/吵架
beyond words 无法用言语表达
【练习】
①Five people make up the team; , the team is made up of five people.
② , we must take measures to protect rare animals.
③I was very angry and him over the matter.
④The policeman decided to with that witness.
⑤Joey never keeps others waiting. , he always
and punctual(准时的）. When free, he'd like to people and never
others . , he can get on well with everyone around him.
tendency n. 趋势；倾向
【词性转换】
tend v.趋向；易于；照顾；护理
【用法】
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向= tend to do sth.
tend (to)... 照料，护理……
【练习】
①Occupied with routine office tasks, she had no time to tend her children.
②There is for people to work at home instead of in offices. 人们在家工作而不是在办公室工作的趋势日益增长。
occupy v. 占据；占用
【词性转换】
occupation n.占领；职业；工作
occupied adj. 忙于……的；已被占用的
【用法】
occupy oneself with sth. 忙于(做)某事=occupy oneself (in) doing sth.
be occupied with sth. 忙于某事=be occupied in (doing) sth.
【联想】
XB1U2 occupation 用法中“忙于.....”的表达方法
① (occupy) with her work, she didn’t even notice the heavy snowfall outside the window.
②Having retired from business, he now occupies himself the welfare of the disabled.
③I have been so my work that I haven’t had time for social activities. 我一直太忙于工作，以至于没有时间参加社交活动。
stare v. 盯着看；凝视
①It’s impolite to foreign visitors in the street.
②Jane the envelope and recognized her uncle’s handwriting.
③He didn’t shout; he just me silently.
distinguish v. 区分；辨别
【词性转换】
distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的
【近义词】famous/known/remarkable/extraordinary/superb/splendid.....
【用法】
distinguish between A and B 区分A和B=distinguish A from B
【练习】
①Paper-cutting a traditional art form,which has a history of more than 1,500 years in China.
剪纸作为一种传统的艺术形式而出名，在中国有着1 500多年的历史。
②Before birth, babies can even distinguish their mother’s voice that of a female stranger.
anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；害怕
【词性转换】
anxious adj. .不安的，忧虑的
with anxiety 焦虑地=anxiously
【用法】
be anxious for sth 渴望某事
to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious for/about ...... 担心.....
【练习】
①If you’re worried about your health, share your (anxious) with your doctor.
② (anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on， only to find it didn’t fit.
③According to the expert, as children grew, they became more anxious________ (get) more public approval.
④Her parents waited anxiety for the news of her safe arrival at Beijing.
⑤________(trap) in great _______(anxious), Peter paced back and forth.
⑥_______(注意到) mother’s _______expression, I felt guilty to make her worried about me.
ashamed adj. 羞愧的；惭愧的
【词性转换】
shame n.羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事 v. 使羞耻
shameless =not ashamed adj. 无耻的，不知羞耻的 (修饰sb)
shameful adj.羞耻的；丢脸的（修饰sth）
【用法】
be ashamed of sth/ to do sth. 羞于/耻于(做)某事
be ashamed that+从句 对……感到羞愧
It’s a shame that... ……真让人遗憾。
What a shame/pity! 真遗憾!
【练习】
①Amy, please don’t be ashamed your figure. You look great as you are.
②It is shame that he should have failed the exam.
译：
③He .(目睹了那可耻的事件）
call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
【用法】
call on sb. to do sth. 号召/呼吁某人做某事
call (up ) sb打电话；使回忆起；勾起
call at 拜访(某个地点)
call off 取消……
a call for help 呼喊声(call for 要求；需要；呼吁)
【练习】
①They people and the government to take measures to fight against pollution.
②Since the weather is bad, let’s the trip.
③The sound of happy laughter memory of his childhood.
weep v.哭泣，流泪——wept—wept
sweep v. - -
sweep up清除，清理
weed n. v. - -
adjust v. 调整；调节；适应；(使)习惯
【近义词】
【词性转换】
adjustment n.调整；调节【C】
【用法】
adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth. 适应/习惯(做)某事
make an adjustment to... /make adjustments to... 对……作出调整
【练习】
①When giving lectures, please adjust your language the age of your audience.
②Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
③My parents had trouble adjusting to (live) in an apartment.
④Astronauts have to the weightless conditions.
宇航员必须使自己适应失重状态。
react v. (对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应
【词性转换】
reaction n.反应, 回应；化学反应
reactive adj. 易起反应的
【用法】
react to 对……作出反应；回应……=in reaction to=respond to
react with. . . 与……进行反应
【练习】
1. How did the public react ___ the government's new policy on environmental protection
2. When iron reacts ___ oxygen and water in the air, it will gradually rust and lose its original strength.
3. Most people will naturally react ___ a warm smile with a friendly expression in return, which is a common body language interaction.
4. She didn’t say a word, but her clenched fists and frowned brows reacted ___ his rude remarks clearly.
5. In daily communication, it’s interesting to see how strangers react ___ each other’s eye contact—some look away, while others smile.
【重点单词微场景写作】 多阅读和翻译
Tom felt anxiety before the group task—he was ashamed his ideas might differ from others. The teacher, noticing his hesitation, call on him to speak up. Tom tried to adjust his tone, then interact with classmates; their responses vary, but no one stare at him awkwardly. When the teacher gave assessments and approve their plan, Tom’s tension break down. He realized his tendency to shrink back faded—he’d learned to employ courage, and that the class didn’t favour silence. In other words, stepping out allows growth to occupy every minute.
【翻译】
小组任务前汤姆满心焦虑（anxiety）——他羞于（ashamed）表达，怕自己的想法和别人不同（differ）。老师察觉他的犹豫，鼓励（call on）他开口。汤姆努力调整（adjust）语气，接着和同学们互动（interact）；大家的反应（vary）各不相同，但没人尴尬地盯着（stare）他。当老师给出评价（assessments）并认可（approve）他们的方案时，汤姆的紧张感彻底消散（break down）。他发现自己退缩的倾向（tendency）渐渐消失——他学会了运用（employ）勇气，也明白班级里没人偏爱（favour）沉默。换句话说（In other words），走出胆怯，成长便会占据（occupy）每一个时刻。