Section Ⅵ Grammar —— 短语动词
①Many people fear it could be the next global epidemic， especially as scientists who have gone into detail studying tissue samples from the bodies of people who died of the 1918 Spanish Flu have proved that bird flu is a modern adaptation of that virus.
②Families who had only just got through the war now had to bury their loved ones who had died of the disease.
③Infection rates went up steadily， and in the course of the outbreak， about 8，000 people were infected over nine months.
④The virus was extremely infectious and the survival rate was as low as 30% in some areas， indicating that very few people got over it.
⑤...governments worldwide have underlined the fact that they want thorough and systematic medical research on epidemics to get at the causes and come up with cures as soon as possible.
【我的发现】
1.句①②④中黑体部分的构成特点是：它们都是由动词加 构成的，相当于及物动词，可以直接跟宾语。
2.句③中黑体部分的构成特点是：由动词加 构成，其后不接宾语；若接宾语，需要加 ，如句⑤。
一、短语动词的常见构成方式及特点
1.动词＋副词
此类短语动词分及物和不及物两类。
Please turn off every light in the house.
请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。（及物）
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.
晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。（不及物）
名师点津
（1）及物的短语动词后的宾语为名词时，副词放在宾语前后皆可。但如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。
（2）如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。
He gave the secret away.
＝He gave away the secret.
他泄露了秘密。
The basket is very light. I can easily pick it up.
这个篮子很轻，我可以很轻松地拿起来。
2.动词＋介词
此类短语动词相当于及物动词。动词与介词不能分开，宾语只能放在介词之后。
I’m looking for my glasses.
我在找我的眼镜。
Taking enough exercise contributes to good health.
进行足够的锻炼有助于身体健康。
名师点津
同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上有很大差异。如：look after照料；loot at看；loot for寻找；look into调查。
3.动词＋副词＋介词
I look forward to seeing you soon.
我盼望不久之后就见到你。
How can you put up with all these for so long？
你怎么能容忍这一切这么长时间？
【即时演练1】 用适当的介词或副词填空
①In no way can we give halfway.
②How did it come that he should be late for such an important meeting？
③He has already set his own business and it gets along very well.
④Sorry，I have to look my sick mother so I’m afraid I can’t go there with you.
二、常见的重点短语动词
1.以break为中心的短语动词
break away from 脱离，逃离，甩掉
break down 消除，粉碎，瓦解；出故
障，拋锚
break into 闯入；强行进入
break out 爆发，发生
break through 突破
break up 解散；结束
【即时演练2】 用适当的介词或副词填空
①The prisoner broke from his guards.
②We had our house broken last night.
③Fire broke during the night.
④Sorry， I’m late. My car broke on the way.
⑤The two countries are going to meet to break some barriers to trade between them.
2.以bring为中心的短语动词
bring about 导致，引起，促使
bring back 带回；使回忆；使恢复
bring down 使下降，降低；收缩
bring out 使显现；出版；生产
bring up 抚养，养育，培养
bring in 赚得，挣；引入；收获（农作物等）
【即时演练3】 用bring构成的短语动词完成句子
①He by his grandmother.
②Overseas students more than ￡30 million a year in tuition fees.
③We aim to prices on all our computers.
3.以call为中心的短语动词
call for 需要，要求
call in 召集
call off 取消，下令停止
call on 拜访（某人）；号召
call out 大声喊，呼唤
call up 打电话给……；使想起
【即时演练4】 用适当的介词或副词填空
①The game was called because of the bad weather.
②The smell of the sea called memories of her childhood.
③The situation calls prompt action.
4.以come为中心的短语动词
come about 发生
come across 偶然发现，遇到
come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒
come to 苏醒；复原；共计；达到
come up 走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽；上来；（问题）被提出
come up with 提出；想出
come out 出版；产生
【即时演练5】 用come构成的短语动词完成句子
①I a word I’d never seen before.
②It’s impossible at this stage to judge how the vote will .
③Is that the best idea you can ？
5.以get为中心的短语动词
get across 度过；通过；横过；说服；使被理解
get along （with）
（与……）相处；进展
get around 走动；传播；说服
get down to 开始认真对待
get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身
get over 恢复，痊愈；克服；完成
get rid of 除去，去掉；免除；摆脱
get hold of 抓住；把握；得到；联系
get through 拨通（电话）；到达；完成；通过
【即时演练6】
（1）用适当的介词或副词填空
①I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening， but there must be something wrong with the network； I can’t seem to get .
②As a grassroots singer， she reads everything she can get hold concerning music， and takes every opportunity to improve herself.
（2）用get构成的短语动词完成句子
①It’s not easy to all your bad habits.
②He sometimes has trouble his meaning in English.
③After lunch we discussing the issue.
6.以give为中心的短语动词
give away 赠送；放弃；泄露；颁发
give back 归还；反射
give in 屈服，让步，投降
give off 发出（烟，气味等）
give out 分发，公布，发出；（使）筋疲力尽；用完
give up 放弃；停止
give way to 让步，退却；屈服于
【即时演练7】 写出下列句中give短语动词的汉语意思
①His accent gives him away as a southerner.
②He gave away most of his money to charity.
③They gave away their last chance of winning the match.
④The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.
⑤After walking in the desert for a whole day， my legs gave out and I couldn’t walk any farther.
7.以go为中心的短语动词
go about 走来走去；（谣言等）流传
go against 反对；不利于；违背
go ahead 前进，进展，继续；干吧，开始
go by 经过，过去
go in for 喜欢；参加；赞成；从事
go over 温习；检查
go through 审查；履行；通过；经历；忍受
go up 上升，上涨
go without 无须，没有……也行
【即时演练8】 选词填空（go up， go ahead， go without， go against）
①—May I start now？
—Yes， .
②He would not his parents’ will.
③The price of cigarettes is .
④There was no time for breakfast， so I had to .
8.以look为中心的短语动词
look about 四下环顾；查看
look around 东张西望，环视
look back on/upon ... 回顾……
look down on/upon 俯视；轻视，看不起
look forward to 盼望；期待
look into 窥视；调查；浏览
look on/upon 旁观；对待
look on/upon ...as ... 把……看作……
look out 向外看；注意；当心，提防
look over 从上面看过去；检查，查看；忽略
look through 透过……看去；看穿；浏览，彻底调查
look up 查阅；抬头看；好转
look up to 仰望；尊敬
【即时演练9】 写出下列句中look 短语动词的汉语意思
①Look out！ The bus is coming.
②We looked over the house again before we decided to rent it.
③At last things began to look up.
④I’ve looked it up in the dictionary.
⑤Terry， please look up from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
维度一：基础题型练
1.Make sure how many people are going to bring the wheat tomorrow.
2.She was too fat to get the door.
3.The old lady gave most of her savings to help those poor children who couldn’t go to school.
4.It’d be much better to put the meeting till next week.
5.Just a little patience and we will look the problem you put forward soon.
6.Go your lessons again before the examination.
7.The government calls everyone to protect our environment.
8.Though brought in the countryside， he adapted to the city life quickly.
9.We have decided the date and the place for travelling.
10.Kids are usually easily taken ， so we should take good care of them.
维度二：语法与写作
1.我什么也不能买了，因为我的钱已经用完了。
I can’t buy anything，because my money .
2.如果你跟同学们合作的话，相同的工作你会做得更好。
If you ，you will surely get the same work done far better.
3.他在会上提出了一个计划，但被拒绝了。
He at the meeting，but it was turned down.
4.一般来说，学生尊敬博学、耐心的老师。Generally speaking，students who are knowledgeable and patient.
5.当今社会给年轻一代提供了更多机会来展示他们的才能和技能。
Society today offers the young generation more chances their talents and skills.
6.选举开始时对他不利，但最终他获胜了。
The election at first， but he won at last.
7.因为我们弄丢了钥匙，所以不得不破门而入。
We had to as we had lost the key.
8.我希望你（们）能提出一个比这个更好的计划。
I hope you can than this.
维度三：语法与语篇
用合适的介词或副词填空，体会短语动词的用法。
It was raining. I went 1. a café and asked 2. a coffee. While I was waiting 3. my drink， I realised there were other people in the place， but I sensed loneliness. I saw their bodies， but I couldn’t feel their souls because their souls belonged 4. the Net. I stood 5. and walked between the tables， when I came 6. the biggest computer， I saw a thin， small man sitting in front of it. “I’m Steve，” he finally replied 7. me after I asked him a couple of times what his name was. “I can’t talk 8. you. I’m busy，” he said.He was chatting online and， at the same time， he was playing a computer game — a war game. I was surprised.I tried to talk 9. him again， he shouted 10. me， “I can’t put up 11. you. Leave me alone.”
That night， I thought everything 12. ， but was at a loss. Are they wrong or I am？
Section Ⅵ Grammar —— 短语动词
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.介词 2.副词 介词
即时演练1
①up ②about ③up ④after
即时演练2
①away ②into ③out ④down ⑤down
即时演练3
①was brought up ②bring in ③bring down
即时演练4
①off ②up ③for
即时演练5
①came across ②come out ③come up with
即时演练6
（1）①through ②of （2）①get rid of ②getting； across ③got down to
即时演练7
①泄露 ②赠送 ③放弃 ④颁发 ⑤筋疲力尽
即时演练8
①go ahead ②go against ③going up ④go without
即时演练9
①当心 ②检查，查看 ③好转 ④查阅 ⑤抬头看
【素养提升·重练习】
维度一
1.in 2.through 3.away 4.off 5.into 6.over 7.on 8.up 9.on 10.in
维度二
1.has run out already
2.team up with your classmates
3.put forward a plan
4.look up to the teachers
5.to show off
6.went against him
7.break into the house
8.come up with a better plan
维度三
1.into 2.for 3.for 4.to 5.up 6.to 7.to 8.with 9.to 10.at 11.with 12.over
7 / 7(共39张PPT)
Section Ⅵ
Grammar —— 短语动词
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
素养提升·重练习
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
①Many people fear it could be the next global epidemic， especially as
scientists who have gone into detail studying tissue samples from the
bodies of people who died of the 1918 Spanish Flu have proved that bird
flu is a modern adaptation of that virus.
②Families who had only just got through the war now had to bury their
loved ones who had died of the disease.
③Infection rates went up steadily， and in the course of the outbreak，
about 8，000 people were infected over nine months.
④The virus was extremely infectious and the survival rate was as low as
30% in some areas， indicating that very few people got over it.
⑤...governments worldwide have underlined the fact that they want
thorough and systematic medical research on epidemics to get at the causes
and come up with cures as soon as possible.
【我的发现】
1. 句①②④中黑体部分的构成特点是：它们都是由动词加 构
成的，相当于及物动词，可以直接跟宾语。
2. 句③中黑体部分的构成特点是：由动词加 构成，其后不接
宾语；若接宾语，需要加 ，如句⑤。
介词
副词
介词
一、短语动词的常见构成方式及特点
1. 动词＋副词
此类短语动词分及物和不及物两类。
Please turn off every light in the house.
请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。（及物）
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.
晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。（不及物）
名师点津
（1）及物的短语动词后的宾语为名词时，副词放在宾语前后皆可。
但如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。
（2）如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。
He gave the secret away.
＝He gave away the secret.
他泄露了秘密。
The basket is very light. I can easily pick it up.
这个篮子很轻，我可以很轻松地拿起来。
2. 动词＋介词
此类短语动词相当于及物动词。动词与介词不能分开，宾语只能放
在介词之后。
I’m looking for my glasses.
我在找我的眼镜。
Taking enough exercise contributes to good health.
进行足够的锻炼有助于身体健康。
名师点津
同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上有很大差异。如：look after照
料；loot at看；loot for寻找；look into调查。
3. 动词＋副词＋介词
I look forward to seeing you soon.
我盼望不久之后就见到你。
How can you put up with all these for so long？
你怎么能容忍这一切这么长时间？
【即时演练1】 用适当的介词或副词填空
①In no way can we give halfway.
②How did it come that he should be late for such an important
meeting？
③He has already set his own business and it gets along very well.
④Sorry，I have to look my sick mother so I’m afraid I can’t
go there with you.
up
about
up
after
二、常见的重点短语动词
1. 以break为中心的短语动词
break away from 脱离，逃离，甩掉
break down 消除，粉碎，瓦解；出故障，拋锚
break into 闯入；强行进入
break out 爆发，发生
break through 突破
break up 解散；结束
【即时演练2】 用适当的介词或副词填空
①The prisoner broke from his guards.
②We had our house broken last night.
③Fire broke during the night.
④Sorry， I’m late. My car broke on the way.
⑤The two countries are going to meet to break some barriers to trade between them.
away
into
out
down
down
2. 以bring为中心的短语动词
bring about 导致，引起，促使
bring back 带回；使回忆；使恢复
bring down 使下降，降低；收缩
bring out 使显现；出版；生产
bring up 抚养，养育，培养
bring in 赚得，挣；引入；收获（农作物等）
【即时演练3】 用bring构成的短语动词完成句子
①He by his grandmother.
②Overseas students more than ￡30 million a year in tuition fees.
③We aim to prices on all our computers.
was brought up
bring in
bring down
3. 以call为中心的短语动词
call for 需要，要求
call in 召集
call off 取消，下令停止
call on 拜访（某人）；号召
call out 大声喊，呼唤
call up 打电话给……；使想起
【即时演练4】 用适当的介词或副词填空
①The game was called because of the bad weather.
②The smell of the sea called memories of her childhood.
③The situation calls prompt action.
off
up
for
4. 以come为中心的短语动词
come about 发生
come across 偶然发现，遇到
come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒
come to 苏醒；复原；共计；达到
come up 走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽；上来；
（问题）被提出
come up with 提出；想出
come out 出版；产生
【即时演练5】 用come构成的短语动词完成句子
①I a word I’d never seen before.
②It’s impossible at this stage to judge how the vote will .
③Is that the best idea you can ？
came across
come out
come up with
5. 以get为中心的短语动词
get across 度过；通过；横过；说服；使被理解
get along （with） （与……）相处；进展
get around 走动；传播；说服
get down to 开始认真对待
get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身
get over 恢复，痊愈；克服；完成
get rid of 除去，去掉；免除；摆脱
get hold of 抓住；把握；得到；联系
get through 拨通（电话）；到达；完成；通过
【即时演练6】
（1）用适当的介词或副词填空
①I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening， but there must
be something wrong with the network； I can’t seem to
get .
②As a grassroots singer， she reads everything she can get
hold concerning music， and takes every opportunity to
improve herself.
through
of
（2）用get构成的短语动词完成句子
①It’s not easy to all your bad habits.
②He sometimes has trouble his meaning in
English.
③After lunch we discussing the issue.
get rid of
getting
across
got down to
6. 以give为中心的短语动词
give away 赠送；放弃；泄露；颁发
give back 归还；反射
give in 屈服，让步，投降
give off 发出（烟，气味等）
give out 分发，公布，发出；（使）筋疲力尽；
用完
give up 放弃；停止
give way to 让步，退却；屈服于
【即时演练7】 写出下列句中give短语动词的汉语意思
①His accent gives him away as a southerner.
②He gave away most of his money to charity.
③They gave away their last chance of winning the match.
④The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.
⑤After walking in the desert for a whole day， my legs gave out and I couldn’t walk any farther.
泄露
赠送
放弃
颁发
筋疲力尽
7. 以go为中心的短语动词
go about 走来走去；（谣言等）流传
go against 反对；不利于；违背
go ahead 前进，进展，继续；干吧，开始
go by 经过，过去
go in for 喜欢；参加；赞成；从事
go over 温习；检查
go through 审查；履行；通过；经历；忍受
go up 上升，上涨
go without 无须，没有……也行
【即时演练8】
选词填空（go up， go ahead， go without， go against）
①—May I start now？
—Yes， .
②He would not his parents’ will.
③The price of cigarettes is .
④There was no time for breakfast， so I had to .
go ahead
go against
going up
go without
8. 以look为中心的短语动词
look about 四下环顾；查看
look around 东张西望，环视
look back on/upon ... 回顾……
look down on/upon 俯视；轻视，看不起
look forward to 盼望；期待
look into 窥视；调查；浏览
look on/upon 旁观；对待
look on/upon ...as ... 把……看作……
look out 向外看；注意；当心，提防
look over 从上面看过去；检查，查看；忽略
look through 透过……看去；看穿；浏览，彻底调查
look up 查阅；抬头看；好转
look up to 仰望；尊敬
【即时演练9】 写出下列句中look 短语动词的汉语意思
①Look out！ The bus is coming.
②We looked over the house again before we decided to rent it.
③At last things began to look up.
④I’ve looked it up in the dictionary.
⑤Terry， please look up from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
当心
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素养提升·重练习
培育学科素养
2
维度一：基础题型练
1. Make sure how many people are going to bring the wheat
tomorrow.
2. She was too fat to get the door.
3. The old lady gave most of her savings to help those poor
children who couldn’t go to school.
4. It’d be much better to put the meeting till next week.
in
through
away
off
5. Just a little patience and we will look the problem you put
forward soon.
6. Go your lessons again before the examination.
7. The government calls everyone to protect our environment.
8. Though brought in the countryside， he adapted to the city life
quickly.
9. We have decided the date and the place for travelling.
10. Kids are usually easily taken ， so we should take good care of
them.
into
over
on
up
on
in
维度二：语法与写作
1. 我什么也不能买了，因为我的钱已经用完了。
I can’t buy anything，because my money .
2. 如果你跟同学们合作的话，相同的工作你会做得更好。
If you ，you will surely get the same
work done far better.
3. 他在会上提出了一个计划，但被拒绝了。
He at the meeting，but it was turned down.
has run out already
team up with your classmates
put forward a plan
4. 一般来说，学生尊敬博学、耐心的老师。Generally speaking，
students who are knowledgeable and
patient.
5. 当今社会给年轻一代提供了更多机会来展示他们的才能和技能。
Society today offers the young generation more chances
their talents and skills.
look up to the teachers
to show
off
6. 选举开始时对他不利，但最终他获胜了。
The election at first， but he won at last.
7. 因为我们弄丢了钥匙，所以不得不破门而入。
We had to as we had lost the key.
8. 我希望你（们）能提出一个比这个更好的计划。
I hope you can than this.
went against him
break into the house
come up with a better plan
维度三：语法与语篇
用合适的介词或副词填空，体会短语动词的用法。
It was raining. I went 1. a café and asked 2. a
coffee. While I was waiting 3. my drink， I realised there were
other people in the place， but I sensed loneliness. I saw their bodies，
but I couldn’t feel their souls because their souls belonged 4. the
Net. I stood 5. and walked between the tables， when I came
6. the biggest computer， I saw a thin， small man sitting in front of
it. “I’m Steve，” he finally replied 7. me after I asked him a
couple of times what his name was. “I can’t talk 8. you.
into
for
for
to
up
to
to
with
I’m busy，” he said.He was chatting online and， at the same time，
he was playing a computer game — a war game. I was surprised.I tried to
talk 9. him again， he shouted 10. me， “I can’t put up
11. you. Leave me alone.”
That night， I thought everything 12. ， but was at a loss.
Are they wrong or I am？
to
at
with
over
谢谢观看！
