课时规范训练(二)
层级一 基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I am glad to know that you have joined your school's Calligraphy(书法) Club.
2．The bad weather is an important factor in the failure of the project.
3．Huge waves caused by the hurricane struck the coastlines of the country，causing a loss of 3 billion dollars.
4．Our English teacher encouraged us to read English classics to enlarge our vocabulary.
5．As you get older，your attitude towards death changes.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．There are varieties (vary) of books in the bookstore for us to choose from，like history books，science books，literary books and so on.
2．Based (base) on a true story，the book has caught much attention.
3．The ancient building dating (date) back to the Tang Dynasty is really amazing.
4．Every possible means has_been_tried (try) so far，and we find only by this means is it possible to persuade him.
5．The reason why he found German so difficult is that its grammar is so confusing.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．不论发生什么，永远不要放弃或灰心丧气。
Never give up or lose heart no_matter_what/whatever_happens．
2．经历了这么多浮沉之后，他变得更加坚定了。
He has become more determined after going through so many ups_and_downs．
3．如果你尽早回信我将感激不尽。
I'd appreciate_your_writing/appreciate_it_if_you_could_write me back as soon as possible.
4．我的家庭传统让我意识到接受良好教育很重要。
My family tradition makes me aware that it is of_great_importance to receive good education.
层级二 素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
There are close to 7，000 languages spoken on Earth.However, it's estimated that by the end of this century, up to 50% of them may be lost.
It's commonly thought that majority languages tend to be valued for being useful and for promoting progress, while minority languages are seen as barriers to progress, and the value placed on them is seen mainly as sentimental.But is sentimentality really the only motivation for preserving language diversity
Speakers of endangered languages often live in remote areas with unique landform.It is quite common for these languages to distinguish between hundreds more types of plants and animals than those known to modern science.For example, in Southeast Asia, some tribes have discovered the medicinal properties of over sixty-five hundred plant species.This has led to many of landmark achievements in medicine.
It was once believed that the limits of one's language defined the limits of one's thought.This theory, called the Sapir-Wharf hypothesis, has been largely rejected in favor of the improved version, which assumes that the language we speak does not set the limits of our thoughts, but it does direct our focus in certain ways.For example, English is a tense-based language.It's nearly impossible to talk about doing something without specifying the time — i．e.I went to the party (past), I'm going to the party (present), or I'll go to the party (future).This differs from Chinese, where it's perfectly reasonable to say, “I go to the party” without defining the “when”．Thus, part of the richness of language is that it allows us to organize the world in so many unique ways.
Some languages categorize the world in ways so different from our own that they are difficult to conceptualize.The United States employed native Navajo speakers to create a system of message coding during the Second World War.The Japanese were never able to break it, and the “code talkers” are often cited today as having helped decide the outcome of the war.
As we've already seen, minority languages are valuable for many practical reasons.In conclusion, I'd say the short answer is yes — dying languages are certainly worth saving!
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论证了对少数语言的重视不是感情用事，它们值得被保护。
1．What do people tend to think of minority languages
A．Valueless. B．Time-honored.
C．Informal. D．Stable.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's commonly thought that majority languages...and the value placed on them is seen mainly as sentimental.”可知，少数语言被视为进步的障碍，是没有价值的。
2．How can we benefit from endangered languages according to the author
A．We can discover drugs in a much safer way.
B．We don't have to rely on modern medicine.
C．We can obtain a broad knowledge of nature.
D．We can learn how to protect plants and animals.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“For example, in Southeast Asia, some tribes have...to many of landmark achievements in medicine.”可知，一些濒危的语言可以帮助人们在特定的领域拓宽知识，由此可知，我们可以通过濒危的语言来拓宽有关自然的知识。
3．Why does the author mention the coding system during the Second World War
A．To correct the Sapir-Wharf hypothesis.
B．To prove the value of minority languages.
C．To show wars' role in preserving a language.
D．To explain ways to conserve some languages.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，文章提到二战是为了证明纳瓦霍语在二战中起到的关键性的作用，使得日本人无法破解，从而带来了战争的胜利，由此可知，作者提到第二次世界大战期间的编码系统是为了证明一些少数语言的价值。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Helen Keller was born in 1880 in Alabama with normal hearing and sight.However, an illness at 19 months old __1__ her deaf and blind, throwing her into a dark, silent world.
In the early days after getting sick, she was __2__ to leave her mother during household chores, learning about the world through touch.As she __3__， the need for communication arose, and she began using simple signs.For instance, shaking her head meant “No”， nodding meant “Yes”， and specific gestures __4__ other simple messages like asking for food or indicating actions.Her mother played a/an __5__ role in helping her understand things.
At five years old, Helen showed great __6__．She could set aside clean laundry, and tell when her mother or aunt were going out, and she always hoped to __7__ them.When guests visited, she would be __8__ and wave goodbye when they left.One time when gentlemen came to see her mother, she dressed herself up after their arrival, copying how others dressed for such __9__．
Before her teacher came, Helen noticed her __10___ from others.While they talked with their mouths, she __11__ on signs.When __12___ to understand conversations by touching lips, she became frustrated and angry, even kicking and screaming.She knew kicking her nurse was naughty and felt __13__ after she calmed down, yet that didn't stop her from repeating such behavior when she didn't get her way.
Helen's early experiences show her __14__ and her attempts to survive a world she couldn't fully perceive, highlighting her determination and the complexity of her emotions during that __15__ time.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。海伦·凯勒幼时因病失明失聪，通过触觉学习世界。在母亲和老师的帮助下，她努力沟通，展现了惊人的决心和情感复杂性。
1．A.proved B．left
C．carried D．enabled
解析：B 根据下文“her deaf and blind”和“throwing her into a dark, silent world”可知，这场病使她失明失聪。
2．A.likely B．unsure
C．determined D．unwilling
解析：D 根据上文“In the early days after getting sick”可知，此处描述她依赖妈妈，不愿离开妈妈。
3．A.grew up B．showed up
C．turned up D．came up
解析：A 根据下文“the need for communication arose”可知，随着她的成长，她需要交流。
4．A.contacted B．expressed
C．transported D．performed
解析：B 根据上文“shaking her head meant ‘No’， nodding meant ‘Yes’”可知，特定的手势能够表达其他简单的信息。
5．A.professional B．shallow
C．negative D．important
解析：D 在她的成长过程中，母亲的帮助作用重大。
6．A.kindness B．patience
C．courage D．intelligence
解析：D 根据下文“She could set aside clean laundry”和“wave goodbye when they left”可知，她能整理衣物，客人们离开时能挥手告别，可以看出她很聪明。
7．A.accompany B．comfort
C．respect D．ignore
解析：A 根据上文“tell when her mother or aunt were going out, and she always hoped”可知，她的母亲或阿姨要外出时，海伦想要陪伴她们一起去。
8．A.calm B．concerned
C．present D．independent
解析：C 根据下文“wave goodbye when they left”可知，客人们离开时，她会挥手告别，说明她在场。
9．A.occasions B．competitions
C．performance D．schedules
解析：A 根据上文“when gentlemen came to see her mother”和“copying how others dressed for such”可知，她模仿别人在这种场合的着装。
10．A.distance B．similarity
C．difference D．pressure
解析：C 根据下文“While they talked with their mouths”和“on signs”可知，别人用嘴说话，而她用手势交流，所以这里表示她与别人的不同。
11．A.depended B．focused
C．based D．concentrated
解析：A 根据下文“by touching lips”可知，她依靠手势交流。
12．A.succeeding B．failing
C．managing D．attempting
解析：B 根据下文“she became frustrated and angry, even kicking and screaming”可知，她变得沮丧和生气，是因为她没能通过触摸嘴唇理解对话。fail to do sth为固定短语，意为“没能做成某事”。
13．A.positive B．regretful
C．relaxed D．anxious
解析：B 根据上文“She knew kicking her nurse was naughty”可知，她知道自己踢护士是淘气的，所以平静下来后会感到后悔。
14．A.contribution B．confidence
C．struggle D．function
解析：C 根据上文“Helen's early experiences”和下文“her attempts to survive a world she couldn't fully perceive”可知，海伦的早期经历显示了她在一个她不能完全感知的世界中生存下来的挣扎。
15．A.challenging B．horrible
C．creative D．frightening
解析：A 根据上文“her attempts to survive a world she couldn't fully perceive”可知，她试图在一个她不能完全感知的世界中生存下来，说明那个时期对她来说是具有挑战性的。课时规范训练(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.
Our Courses
Regardless of your choice, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas — speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).
Course Type Days Number of Lessons Course Timetable
Standard Course Mon.－ Fri. 20 lessons 9：00－12：30
Intensive Course Mon.－ Fri. 20 lessons 9：00－12：30
10 lessons 13：00－14：30
Evaluation
Students are placed into classes according to their current language skills.The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme.However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.Learning materials are provided for students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.
Meals/Allergies/Special Dietary Requirements
Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch.Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.
We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take.Depending on the type of allergies and/or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“Teenagers Abroad”这一语言学习项目的相关内容。
1．What do we know about the Intensive Course and Standard Course
A．Both courses develop your confidence.
B．The Intensive Course includes extra lessons.
C．An online language test is a must for students.
D．The Standard Course is less effective than the Intensive Course.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据Our Courses 部分中“Our Intensive Course builds on our...language learning (see table below).”可知，强化课程是在标准课程的基础上，每周增加10节额外的课程即强化课程包括额外的课程。
2．If a student has food allergies, he or she can ________．
A．turn to local doctors
B．require free meals and snacks
C．ask the organizers to buy medicines
D．tell the organizers their special needs
解析：D 细节理解题。根据Meals/Allergies/Special Dietary Requirements部分中“We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take.”可知，组织者要求学生告知他们任何过敏或饮食需求。
3．In which part of a magazine can you possibly find this passage
A．Entertainment. B．Economics.
C．Education. D．Sports.
解析：C 文章出处题。根据第一段中“Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了“Teenagers Abroad”这一语言学习项目的课程内容、评估和餐饮安排等相关信息，这些信息都与教育相关，因此推断文章出自杂志的教育板块。
B
This summer vacation, I took part in the final of the 4th Stories of China Retold in English Challenge in Beijing.Reflecting on my six months of preparation and the speech contest itself, I found this activity to be both demanding and meaningful.
Several months ago, my English teacher, Mr.Lu, introduced the contest to us in class, saying that it is a great opportunity to let more foreign friends know about the real China.Suddenly, a sense of excitement washed over me, and I couldn't wait to participate.
For my speech, I chose stories and people that reflect Chinese values like unity and patriotism, which resonate with people across the globe.I highlighted the touching story of ordinary people helping each other during a blizzard at the time of China's annual Spring Festival travel rush in 2024 to show the strength of unity.I also shared the extraordinary journey home of scientist Qian Xuesen to reflect patriotism.
But my journey to glory wasn't smooth sailing, and I faced my fair share of problems.
The first was overcoming my fear of public speaking.To help me with this, Mr.Lu encouraged me to take the stage in his class for mini-presentations, and he also suggested watching videos of native English speakers so that I could imitate their intonation and pronunciation.
Another challenge was learning how to answer questions on the spot, which requires a clear understanding of the question, quick thinking and correct responses.During the final, I misinterpreted a question, and my answer missed the point.I guess I still have a long way to go in this regard.
Despite all these challenges, I treasure this activity greatly as it allowed me to use English to introduce China to the world.When I held up the Good Storyteller prize alongside the other finalists, I knew my hard work had been worth it.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加第四届英语复述中国故事挑战赛的情况。
4．What did Mr.Lu suggest the author do to overcome the fear of public speaking
A．Read more English stories aloud and turn to teachers for help.
B．Take the stage in class for mini-presentations and watch videos of native English speakers.
C．Write down the speech content many times and read after class by himself.
D．Practice speaking with classmates every day and write some passages.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，陆老师建议作者在课堂上站在讲台上做小型演讲、观看英语母语者的视频，来让作者克服对公开演讲的恐惧。
5．From the text, we can infer that the author's performance in answering on-the-spot questions during the final was probably ________．
A.just so-so because of the misinterpretation of a question
B．excellent and got high praise from the judges and audience
C．completely failed and led to disqualification
D．not mentioned in detail about the judges' feedback
解析：A 推理判断题。根据第六段中“During the final, I misinterpreted a question, and my answer missed the point.”可知，因为作者误解了一个问题，所以在决赛中回答现场问题的表现一般。
6．Why did the author think the activity was meaningful
A．Because it made the author become famous and popular among the students.
B．Because the author won a lot of prizes.
C．Because it allowed the author to introduce China to the world in English.
D．Because the author made many new friends.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite all these challenges, I treasure this activity greatly as it allowed me to use English to introduce China to the world.”可知，因为这次活动允许作者用英语向世界介绍中国，所以作者认为这个活动是有意义的。
7．What is the main idea of this passage
A．The author's experience of winning the 4th Stories of China Retold in English Challenge and how it changed his life.
B．The difficulties the author encountered during the 4th Stories of China Retold in English Challenge and the solutions to them.
C．The author's participation in the 4th Stories of China Retold in English Challenge, including the preparation, challenges faced and the significance of the activity.
D．The importance of learning English for telling Chinese stories and how to improve English speaking skills.
解析：C 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，本文主要讲述了作者参加第四届英语复述中国故事挑战赛的情况，包括活动的准备情况、面临的挑战以及活动的意义。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How Can You Get Wiser
This world is filled with challenges, controversy, and polarization, in order to survive in it, we need to be wise.But this is a journey and not a destination.__1__．
Try experiencing new opportunities
Experiencing new opportunities is how you gain wisdom.You will never grow from being in your comfort zone, which is why you need to get out of it.This is the only way you will gain wisdom.You can try learning new skills that you never thought of learning or going to places that were on your list.__2__．
Open yourself to different perspectives
We need to receive different views, which will open up new pathways for us.Always develop a sense of curiosity and observe the world from different angles, which will help you out.Never base your perspective on the most popular opinion.__3__．If you are humble, then you will always get to experience something new.
__4__
Limiting yourself to only one type of people that share the same ideas as you can be comforting but it doesn't get you anywhere in life.You need to meet and experience new people and learn what they have to offer.Share what defines you and learn from others, and this will make you wiser.
Never back away from learning
__5__．Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and so on.If something confuses you, surf the internet and clear out your problems.All of these will strengthen your critical-thinking skills.
In the end, you will become wiser and wiser.
A．Never lose your passions and values
B．Learn the wisdom of your old friends
C．Meet new people and learn from them
D．Change your daily life and see where life takes you
E．Train your mind to be a judgment-free space for ideas
F．Here are some strategies that you can use to get wiser
G．Be the kind of person who develops a strong desire for knowledge
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何变得更明智的方法和策略。
1．解析：F 上文说明变得更有智慧是一个过程，F项是一个很好的承上启下的句子，它既总结了上文的观点，又引出了接下来的建议。
2．解析：D 上文建议体验新机会，D项能够很好地衔接上文，鼓励读者走出舒适区，尝试新的生活方式。
3．解析：E 上文说明对观点不要跟风，空格处应该延续上文关于开放自己接受不同观点的讨论，并给出一个具体的态度或行为指导。E项正好提供了这样一个具体的建议，即在接纳新观点时保持开放和无偏见的态度。
4．解析：C 本段主要讨论的是要结识新朋友并从他们身上学习以变得更明智。空格处应该引入一个新的段落主题，C项直接点明了该段的主题，是合适的小标题。
5．解析：G 本段小标题是“永远不要放弃学习”，G项强调了持续学习的重要性，符合标题内容。阶段测评(五)
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Using an app to learn a language is handy because you can follow lessons and check your progress anywhere.Below is a list of my favorite ways to learn languages from my phone.
Google Translate
Most of apps teach you a language through exercises and progressive steps, while Google's simply tells you how to write and speak anything you run through it.Still, I think it's a great choice for beginners.I like to learn languages with Google Translate for two main reasons: its long list of supported languages, and the several language learning methods.
Rosetta Stone
Rosetta Stone is designed specifically for helping travelers learn basic words and phrases.There's also a phrasebook with basic words and words related to restaurants, hotels, and getting around—all very useful for someone traveling.If you want, you can buy extra phrasebooks covering topics like shopping, colors, emergencies, and so on.
Busuu
Busuu's app is user-friendly.You get to pick where you'd like to begin in the course.The words and phrases you'll learn are especially helpful for beginners who might find themselves around people speaking a foreign language and need to learn words in real situations quickly.However, Busuu doesn't support as many languages as some of these other apps.
Memrise
Memrise isn't as easy to use for quick translations as Google Translate, but it is easy to work with, supports offline courses, and lets you learn a number of languages.You can start off simple or move to more advanced lessons directly.I find Memrise to be unique in how it teaches new words and phrases.They put words into sentences alongside words that sound similar in your language, which makes it easier to remember.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种在手机上学习语言的应用程序。
1．Which apps are suitable for beginners according to the writer
A．Busuu and Memrise.
B．Google Translate and Busuu.
C．Rosetta Stone and Memrise.
D．Google Translate and Rosetta Stone.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据Google Translate部分中的“Still, I think it's a great choice for beginners.”和 Busuu 部分中的“The words and phrases you'll learn...real situations quickly.”可知，作者认为Google Translate和Busuu这两个软件适合初学者。
2．What is special about Memrise
A．It is designed for travelers.
B．It has an advantage of quick translation.
C．It supports a large number of languages.
D．It has an unusual method of teaching vocabulary.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据Memrise部分中的“I find Memrise to be unique in how it teaches new words and phrases.”可知，Memrise在教词汇方面有独特的方法。
3．In which part of a magazine may this text appear
A．Traveling. B．History.
C．Technology. D．Business.
解析：C 文章出处题。根据第一段可知，本文介绍了几种在手机上学习语言的应用程序， 因此推断是在科技专栏。
B
The first time Mohamed went to a restaurant in his new neighborhood, he realized that he wasn't in Tunis anymore.He was excited when he first arrived here, but now, his excitement seemed gone.
He looked at the menu, not knowing what these names meant, and ordered an ice cream in a cup.While waiting, he looked at the pizzas, breads and cookies.
The waitress came back with a cup of soda.Mohamed, though feeling mystified at first, took it and thanked her.He must have used the wrong word! Then he forced a smile and pointed at a cookie, “That one, too”， which seemed to work.
Mohamed took his food to a table.Why had English been so easy in classes, but when it came to actually speaking, he couldn't even name what he wanted？Mohamed wondered how foreigners travelling to Tunis would feel and if they would find their academic French was not the same as French in real life.The food would make them feel out of place.He smiled to himself, thinking about how hot the peppers were in Tunisian dishes, and how his mother had to avoid using them every time they had foreign visitors.
Just then, a girl came over and asked, “Are you Professor Ammar's son？” He nodded, excited to talk to someone but hoping she didn't notice what had happened.“I'm Luisa，” the girl said, “Don't feel bad about your English—you'll get better at it.I'm from Spain.The first time I tried to order a salad here, I ended up with a plate of pig's feet！” Mohamed breathed a sigh of relief and realized that he wasn't the only one struggling to communicate.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mohamed在国外一家餐馆点餐的经历，由于语言不通，造成了点餐误会，Mohamed感到十分尴尬，最后在一位女孩的鼓励与安慰下，他理解了有交流障碍是正常的，无须尴尬。
4．What did Mohamed plan to order
A．Soda and bread.
B．Peppers and pizza.
C．Ice cream and cookie.
D．Pig's feet and salad.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段“He looked at the menu...in a cup.”及第三段最后一句“Then he forced a smile...which seemed to work.”可知，Mohamed想点的是冰激凌和饼干。
5．Which can replace the underlined word “mystified” in paragraph 3
A．Threatened. B．Content.
C．Excited. D．Confused.
解析：D 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“He looked at the menu...and ordered an ice cream in a cup.”及第三段第一句“The waitress came back with a cup of soda.”可知，Mohamed点的是冰激凌，但服务员却端来一杯苏打水，所以他会感到困惑不解。故推知mystified意为“困惑的”。
6．What can we know about Tunisian dishes
A．They taste hot with peppers.
B．They have strange names.
C．They attract foreign visitors.
D．They have many varieties.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“He smiled to himself...every time they had foreign visitors.”可知，Tunis的辣椒很辣，以至于每次有外国客人来访，他母亲不得不避免使用辣椒，而是做西餐。
7．Why did the girl talk to Mohamed
A．To warn him. B．To cheat him.
C．To encourage him. D．To challenge him.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“the girl said, ‘Don't feel bad about your English...pig's feet！’．..he wasn't the only one struggling to communicate”可知，女孩用自己的亲身经历鼓励Mohamed不要气馁。
C
There are 6，909 languages actively being spoken in the world today, although only about six percent of them have more than a million speakers each.People in many different countries see the value of learning a foreign language to improve their international business relations.Because of this, the number of people who speak certain languages will continue to rise.There are some languages that currently dominate the globe.
With more than 1.4 billion people living in China today, it is no surprise that Chinese is the most commonly spoken language.Due to the size of China's area and population, the country is able to sustain many unique and interesting languages.When speaking of languages, the term “Chinese” contains at least 15 dialects spoken in the country and elsewhere.While Spanish is not a commonly heard language in most parts of Africa, Asia, and the majority of Europe, that hasn't stopped it from becoming the second most commonly spoken language.The spread of the Spanish language is rooted in colonization.English too, was a colonial language: British colonial efforts began in the 15th century and lasted until the early 20th century, including places as far flung as North America, India and Pakistan，Africa, and Australia.After World War Ⅱ， the United States led the world in both technological and medical innovation.Because of this, it was considered beneficial for students pursuing work in these fields to learn English.English is also a useful language for travelers to learn because it is spoken in so many parts of the globe.
Since the popularity of social media, the development of a Global Language Network can be mapped using book translations and some other social networks.These social networks are only available to elites, people with access to both traditional and new media.Statistics of use from these social networks indicate that while English is definitely the center in the Global Language Network, other intermediate centers used by elites to communicate business and science information include German, French, and Spanish.Currently, languages such as Chinese, Arabic, and Hindi are vastly more popular than German or French, and it is likely that those languages will grow in use of traditional and new media.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球范围内语言的使用情况和一些主要语言的特点及发展趋势。
8．What does the underlined word “dominate” mean
A．Rule. B．Follow.
C．Improve. D．Weaken.
解析：A 词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，有些语言很有用，说某些语言的人数将继续增加，所以目前有些语言在全球占据主导地位，因此dominate应意为“主导、支配”，与A选项相符。
9．Which of the following does not contribute to the widespread use of Chinese
A．The large population of China.
B．The various dialects of Chinese.
C．The geographical size of China.
D．Its influence in global colonization.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，中国庞大的人口和中国的地域面积是汉语广泛使用的原因，故选项A、C均为原因。根据“When speaking of languages, the term ‘Chinese’ contains at least 15 dialects spoken in the country and elsewhere.”可知，汉语包含至少15种方言，这也是汉语广泛使用的一个原因，故选项B也是原因之一。但是，文中并未提到汉语在全球殖民中的影响是导致其广泛使用的原因，反而提到西班牙语和英语的广泛传播与殖民有关。因此，选项D不是导致汉语广泛使用的原因。
10．Why do many people choose to learn English as a foreign language
A．It promotes national tourism.
B．It is helpful for them to seek jobs.
C．It is mainly used in local business.
D．It allows them become online influencers.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于美国在技术和医学创新方面的领先地位，学习英语对在这些领域寻求工作的学生来说是有益的。这说明很多人选择学习英语作为外语是为了找工作。
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．English will become less central in the future.
B．Social media is equally accessible to all people.
C．Hindi grows more important than Spanish in business.
D．Language use is changing due to social media use.
解析：D 推理判断题。最后一段说明随着社交媒体的发展，语言的使用和传播正在发生变化，英语虽然仍然是全球语言网络的中心，但其他语言如德语、法语和西班牙语等也在社交媒体上发挥着重要作用。因此，我们可以从最后一段推断出由于社交媒体的使用，语言使用正在发生变化。
D
Two calligraphers in China, just three and eight years old, have surprised people with their mastery of the ancient and highly skilled art form. Videos showing three?year?old Gao Yubo and his eight year old cousin Gao Yuxuan practising calligraphy with large writing brushes spread widely on social media.
The mother of three?year?old Yubo, surnamed Miao, said her son and Yuxuan began to do calligraphy after being influenced by some family members who also practised the art form.
“The boys learned how to write calligraphy by copying us because both Yuxuan's parents and my husband and I are calligraphers，” Miao said. “To them, it might feel like playing a game.”
Miao said her son sometimes gets up at midnight to do calligraphy. “He once got up at midnight to use the bathroom and then decided to practise calligraphy，” Miao said. “He then went directly to pick up the brush and began writing, and told us that he would go to sleep after finishing writing a character.”
However, Miao said that she and her husband only let the child practise for 10 minutes a day rather than pressuring (施加压力) him to learn. “The child practises calligraphy of his own accord; we don't make him do it for a certain period of time every day，” she said. Even though Yubo has shown potential (潜力) for writing calligraphy, Miao stated that whether he chooses to make a career (事业) as a calligrapher will depend on how hard he works.
The two boys' calligraphy skills have surprised many people, who have praised them for their work and advanced writing styles. “The baby is calm and relaxed, and each move shows a masterful skill，” one person commented. “It's a gift.” Another jokingly wrote：“Are you tired, master？Let me prepare some milk for you.”
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。两个小男孩高超的书法技艺在社交媒体上赢得了很多赞誉。
12．How did the two boys learn calligraphy？A.By attending lessons at school.
B．By learning from online videos.
C．By copying their adult family members.
D．By practising for long hours every day.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“her son and Yuxuan began to do calligraphy after being influenced by some family members”以及第三段中的“The boys learned how to write calligraphy by copying us because both Yuxuan's parents and my husband and I are calligraphers”可知，这两个小男孩受到家庭环境的影响，模仿大人们练习书法。
13．What can we infer about Yubo from paragraph 4
A．He has trouble falling asleep.
B．He has a great love for calligraphy.
C．He knows many Chinese characters.
D．He was pushed so hard by his parents.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的内容可知，高宇博有时会半夜起床练习书法。由此可知，他十分热爱书法。
14．Why did Miao set Yubo's practice time
A．To avoid putting too much stress on him.
B．To help him catch up with his cousin.
C．To prepare him for his future career.
D．To let him focus on his studies.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, Miao said that she and her husband only let the child practise for 10 minutes a day rather than pressuring (施加压力) him to learn.”可知，苗女士规定孩子每天练习10分钟的书法，避免给孩子施加太多的压力。
15．How do people feel about the boys
A．They think the boys are too young to master calligraphy.
B．They are doubtful about their calligraphy abilities.
C．They are impressed with their writing styles.
D．They believe the boys will be famous.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的中心句“The two boys' calligraphy skills have surprised many people, who have praised them for their work and advanced writing styles.”以及人们评论的具体内容可知，人们对两个小男孩的书法技艺赞誉有加。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fun Ways to Learn English Faster
◎Read, read, read.
One of the easiest things you can do to learn English faster is to read as much as you can.__16__This will make your vocabulary better and it will also help you learn grammar and slang(俚语).
◎Watch movies.
Watching movies will also help you improve your English, by helping you to hear what it sounds like and also helping you to learn new words.__17__ Once you have a basic vocabulary, try to keep the subtitles(字幕) off and focus on listening for the words you do know and guessing the words you don't know from what is happening on the screen.
◎Find an online pen pal.
Pen pals are people trying to learn your language that you write letters (or emails) to and they write back. You write half of your letter in your native language so that they can practise and half in English so that you can practise.__18__
◎Sing songs.
Learning and singing songs is another good way to make your English better.__19__ It will also help increase your vocabulary. Find a song you like, learn it, and learn what the lyrics(歌词) mean.
◎__20__
You can also just make friends with English language speakers online and chat, email, and Skype together in order to practise your English. You can find online friends by joining fan communities or through language？learning communities.
A．Make a friend.
B．Join a fan community.
C．Read things all the time.
D．You can talk about whatever you want!
E．You can start watching with subtitles on.
F．This will help you improve your pronunciation.
G．Newspapers are a good way to learn the basics of a language.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了几种快速学英语的方法。
16．解析：C 由上文“为了更快地学习英语，最简单的事情之一就是尽可能多地阅读。”可知，这里讲阅读有助于快速学英语。C项“Read things all the time.”符合语境，其中Read 与前文对应。故选C项。
17．解析：E 由下文“一旦你掌握了基本的词汇，试着关掉字幕，专注于听你知道的单词，并根据屏幕上发生的事情猜测你不知道的单词。”可知， E项“You can start watching with subtitles on.”符合语境，与后文形成转折关系，其中subtitles 与后文对应。故选E项。
18．解析：D 本题置于段尾，是对上文的总结。由上文可知，你一半的书信用你的母语写，这样他们就可以练习了，另一半用英语写，这样你就可以练习了。D项“You can talk about whatever you want！”符合语境。故选D项。
19．解析：F 根据后文可知，唱歌可以增加你的词汇量。F项“This will help you improve your pronunciation.”符合语境，其中“This will help”与后文“It will also help”对应。故选F项。
20．解析：A 本题是本段的小标题，考查本段的主旨大意。本段主要讲通过交友来提高英语。A项“Make a friend.”符合语境，有总括作用，且与后文“make friends”对应。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Deidra Mayberry was a child, she struggled with reading.Feeling embarrassed, she did her best to __21__ it.As her family moved around a lot, she adapted and __22__ hiding it — making it all the way through school without anyone __23__ noticing.
After graduating from high school, she started looking for support to improve her reading __24__．Then she got into college.She was able to graduate by taking extra courses, __25__ useful information from professions, spending long nights studying, even changing her major when it got too hard.
“I was so __26__ that I actually made it through college and graduated，” Deidra says, “And I found ways to work out my problems in order to spare myself from the __27__ that I felt daily.I also wanted to __28__ and provide a resource for people just like me.”
That's exactly what she did.On March 12, 2020, she __29__ Heading to New Heights, an organization that ___30___ adults the basic skills of reading with one-on-one, professional lessons.
“The lessons that our ___31___ teach allow our adult learners to revisit the fundamentals of reading and comprehension as if they are ___32___ them for the first time，” Deidra says.“Basic reading foundations are ___33___ what adults struggling with illiteracy need in order to fill the ___34___ gaps that illiteracy causes in education.”
And above all, these services are __35___ at no cost, so that it is accessible for anyone who needs it.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Deidra通过努力学民产克服了阅读困难，并创办组织帮助他人。
21．A.expand B．prove
C．show D．hide
解析：D 此处表示Deidra隐藏她阅读困难的问题。
22．A.regretted B．kept
C．invested D．hoped
解析：B Deidra在学校里继续隐藏这个问题。
23．A.luckily B．normally
C．really D．primarily
解析：C Deidra隐藏自己阅读困难的问题，没人真正注意到这一问题。
24．A.skills B．brands
C．districts D．competitions
解析：A 根据上文“When Deidra Mayberry was a child, she struggled with reading.”以及“she started looking for support to improve her reading”可知，此处表示Deidra寻求帮助，提高阅读能力。
25．A.asking B．floating
C．dreaming D．marking
解析：A 根据下文“useful information from professions”以及语境可知，此处表示Deidra上大学后向专业人士询问有用的信息。
26．A.scared B．vivid
C．proud D．mad
解析：C 根据下文“I actually made it through college and graduated”可推知，Deidra为自己成功完成大学学业并且毕业而感到自豪。
27．A.announcement B．curiosity
C．enjoyment D．embarrassment
解析：D 因阅读困难，Deidra感觉尴尬，所以此处表示Deidra找到解决方法，以避免每天感到的尴尬。
28．A.rely B．create
C．disturb D．wander
解析：B Deidra想要为像她一样有阅读困难的人创造资源。
29．A.woke up B．set up
C．turned up D．picked up
解析：B Deidra想要为像她一样有阅读困难的人创造资源，所以此处表示Deidra创立了这一组织。
30．A.teaches B．admits
C．insists D．repeats
解析：A 此处表示这一组织教成年人阅读的基本技能。
31．A.waiters B．bankers
C．doctors D．educators
解析：D 根据下文“teach allow our adult learners to revisit the fundamentals of reading and comprehension”可知，此处表示教授课程的人，即教育工作者。
32．A.seizing B．blaming
C．learning D．linking
解析：C 此处表示第一次学习阅读基本技能的成年学习者。
33．A.heavily B．exactly
C．recently D．suddenly
解析：B 根据下文“what adults struggling with illiteracy need”以及常识可知，阅读基本技能恰好是文盲所需要的。
34．A.useful B．narrow
C．tiny D．large
解析：D 根据下文“gaps that illiteracy causes in education”以及语境可知，此处表示文盲带来的大的差距。
35．A.provided B．believed
C．missed D．followed
解析：A 根据下文“at no cost, so that it is accessible for anyone who needs it”可知，此处表示Deidra所创立的组织提供的服务是免费的，任何有需要的人都可以获得。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The marks carved on rocks 8，000 years ago are considered as the first example of Chinese characters, Hanzi.Ancient Chinese people 36.__________ (record) what they saw in the world by drawing.Legends say that Chinese characters are pictures 37.__________ can be read.Westerners often say that Hanzi are pictographs that resemble physical objects.Meanwhile, some Hanzi are made up 38.__________symbols which represent sound.39.__________ (look) back at history, we can understand the life of people they mention with Hanzi.There are 2，500 Chinese 40.__________ (word) that are frequently used.A good grasp of these Hanzi is like 41.__________ (read) an encyclopedia on China.
While on the other side of the earth, Egyptian Hieroglyphs, the carved symbols on the temple walls by ancient Egyptians, are recognized as the oldest Egyptian writings.The single symbol or combined symbols could give a 42.__________ (describe) of an important event in ancient Egypt.However, Egyptian Hieroglyphs suddenly ended about 1，600 years ago, which confused the 43.__________(great) minds in the study of Egyptian archaeology for many centuries.Finally, the 44.__________ (possible) of decoding hieroglyphs came about with the discovery of the Rosetta stone in 1799.After that, archaeologists were able to use their knowledge of Greek to gradually understand 45.__________ meaning of the hieroglyphic symbols.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国汉字和埃及象形文字。
36．解析：recorded 考查动词的时态和语态。record是谓语动词，与主语Ancient Chinese people之间是主动关系，结合语境可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态，故填recorded。
37．解析：which/that 考查定语从句。修饰先行词pictures，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，故填which/that。
38．解析：of 考查介词。be made up of为固定短语，意为“由……组成”，故填of。
39．解析：Looking 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语understand，“(look) back at history”作时间状语，(look) back at是非谓语动词短语，与其逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动；句首单词首字母大写，故填Looking。
40．解析：words 考查名词复数。可数名词word作主语，有数词“2，500”修饰，用复数形式，故填words。
41．解析：reading 考查非谓语动词。介词like后跟动名词作宾语，故填reading。
42．解析：description 考查名词。提示词作宾语，用名词description，意为“描述”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式；give a description of意为“描述……”，故填description。
43．解析：greatest 考查形容词最高级。提示词作定语修饰名词minds，结合句意和定冠词the可知，应用形容词最高级greatest，故填greatest。
44．解析：possibility 考查名词。提示词作主语，用名词possibility，意为“可能性”，不可数名词，故填possibility。
45．解析：the 考查冠词。根据句意和“of the hieroglyphic symbols”可知，此处特指“象形符号的含义”，应用定冠词the限定，故填the。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom对中国文化特别感兴趣，正在学习相关课程，希望你能给他一些建议。请你根据以下提示写一封邮件：
1．借助电视节目、报刊、中国经典作品了解中国文化；
2．和中国朋友多沟通。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Tom，
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear Tom，
I'm delighted to hear that you are learning Chinese culture with great interest.In response to your request，I'd like to share some suggestions with you.
Being exposed to Chinese newspapers and TV programs will provide you with easy access to authentic Chinese culture.Additionally，reading Chinese classics will deepen your understanding of it.Last but not least，it is a wise choice to make more Chinese friends and communicate with them as much as possible.You'll be amazed at your remarkable progress.
I do hope that my advice will be helpful to you.If you have any problems，please don't hesitate to ask me.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Peter woke up early in the morning.He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
“Why are you in such a hurry, early bird？” Mom asked him.“We will have an English spelling test today, Mom，” Peter said.“Mr.White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores.I've been studying the word list since last week.Although the test is difficult, I am well prepared for it.”
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school.At last, it was time for the students to have a test.“Responsibility，” Mr.White started.Peter wrote the word on his test paper quickly and confidently.
“The second word: contribution，” Mr.White said.
“So easy，” Peter thought.He quickly wrote the word down.
Thirty minutes later, the test papers were collected by Mr.White.“I'm going to mark your papers，” he told the class.After marking the test papers, Mr.White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores.Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test！”
Mr.White praised them.Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary.Peter got an English-Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best.Peter was so excited that he waved it highly.“This is my happiest moment.” Peter shouted.
After Mr.White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his performance.All of a sudden, the word “contribution” confused him.It didn't seem right.Peter began to the word.“C-o-n-t-r-i-b-u-s-i-o-n，” he whispered.It was wrong.“What should I do？” Peter asked himself, staring at the red full marks.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Peter was lost in thought. ___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news. __________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
[语篇解读] 文章讲述了Peter为了得到老师的奖品，精心为英语拼写测试做准备，测试完以后，Peter因得了100 分而获得了奖品——他最喜欢的英汉词典，可是试卷发下来时，Peter发现老师误判了，经过激烈的思想斗争后，想起妈妈教育自己做人要诚实，Peter最终告诉了老师事实，Peter在全班同学面前被表扬了诚实，一个月后，Peter被学校授予“诚实男孩”的称号，妈妈为此感到骄傲，老师又一次把字典递给Peter作为他诚实的奖励。
[写作指导]
1．段落续写
(1)由第一段首句内容“Peter陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可以从 Peter 向老师解释测试的失误，以及老师对 Peter 这种诚实行为的评价入手，进行续写。
(2)由第二段首句内容“一个月后，Peter高兴地告诉妈妈一个好消息。”可知，第二段可描写具体哪件事让Peter高兴，把这个好消息告诉了妈妈，妈妈为他的诚实表扬他，他的老师也送给Peter原来的词典作为奖励。
2．续写线索
Peter的思想斗争——决定告诉老师实情——老师表扬Peter诚实——学校表彰Peter——Peter告诉妈妈——妈妈感到骄傲——老师送出奖励
[参考范文]
Peter was lost in thought. “Should I return the dictionary If so, I would lose what I have expected for a long time.But, if not, I can't persuade myself to pretend to be as calm as nothing happened.” Suddenly Mom's words flew into his mind: “We ought to be honest.” Without any hesitation, holding the dictionary and the test paper in hand, Peter approached to Mr.White quickly.Being praised for honesty in front of the class, Peter was very delighted and decided to get full marks in the next test.
A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news. He would be given the title An Honesty Boy by the school the next day.Hearing the news, as excited as Peter, Mom kissed Peter on the cheek, saying “I feel so proud of you for your good virtue, honey.” At school, Mr.White handed the dictionary to Peter once again, saying it was not for his score but for his good quality.Laughter lingering around the classroom, Peter set an example to other students that honesty is the best policy.课时规范训练(四)
层级一 基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Despite (尽管)the fact that a terrible landslide struck the city，all the citizens didn't lose hope.
2．My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had run out of petrol (汽油).
3．A good rest is needed because I do feel rather tired after the hard work of all the semester (学期).
4．After a struggle (挣扎) in my heart，I decided to encourage myself to grasp the last chance.
5．We all have equal (平等的) chances of working and living in this country.
6．I'm glad to learn that you're soon coming to China to spend your gap (间隔) year.
7．Just get out of your apartment (公寓) where you live，walk along the Sun Avenue until you see a library.
8．I'm writing to beg (乞求) you to forgive me for my ignorance of cultural differences.
9．Like any other language, vocabulary (词汇) plays an important role in learning Chinese.
10．I'd like to go to work every day by subway(地铁).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be equally (equal) respected.
2．The scenery of the ancient town is really beyond description (describe).
3．The job is really demanding (demand)，but he manages to do it well.
4．She struggled (struggle) to support a large family on her own last year.
5．No matter where he goes，he will buy books which are related (relate) to calligraphy.
6．I am not fond of pop music，because I often have trouble understanding (understand) the words.
7．Honestly speaking，I don't know how to enlarge (enlarge) my vocabulary.
8．A group of homeless people stood by the road, begging (beg) for some money.
Ⅲ.单句写作增分练——语言学习
1．得知你在书面英语上有困难，我乐意给你一些建议。
Learning that you have trouble with written English，I am willing to offer you some suggestions.
2．首先，你应该努力背诵英语文章。
Firstly，you should struggle to recite English articles.
3．你掌握的英语句子越多，你越能创作出更好的文章。
The more English sentences you master, the better articles you will create.
4．其次，我要求你每三天写一篇作文。
Secondly, I demand that you (should) write one composition every three days.
5．我坚信在书面英语方面没人比得过你。
I firmly believe that no one can equal you in written English．
层级二 素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Internet has developed into a global platform connecting people worldwide.With over 7，000 languages spoken worldwide, it's unsurprising that many languages are used on the Internet.However, English content takes up over half of all written content online, despite only around 16% of the world's population speaking this language.
According to W3Techs, the most common language on the Internet is English, about 55% of all websites.Spanish comes in second place with 5%, followed by Russian 4.9%, Japanese 3.7%, Chinese 1.5%.
Why is English the main language on the Internet Firstly, the Internet was developed in English-speaking countries, and many of the early users of the Internet were also English speakers.Secondly, the United States has been a global leader in technology and creation, which has helped make English as the Internet language.Thirdly, English is the world's most commonly taught second language.
The language used by people on the Internet has important online and offline influences.It plays an important role in determining the inclusivity or exclusivity of the online world and can lead to the digital divide between those who have chances to digital spaces and those who are marginalized.
As the Internet becomes more handy to people worldwide, the use of local languages is likely to increase.Technology companies are already developing tools to translate websites and social media platforms into different languages, making it easier for non-English speakers to learn information and communicate online.However, this will require more efforts in language technology and support for non-English languages.
We need to see a more diverse and inclusive Internet satisfying non-English speakers' needs in the future.What's more, efforts to develop multilingualism and language education can bridge the digital language divide and help more people take part in the global digital economy.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了互联网上语言的多样性及其影响，解释了英语作为主要语言的原因，并展望了未来互联网语言的多样性和包容性发展。
1．What percentage of the world's population speaks English according to the text
A．55%. B．16%.
C．5%. D．4.9%.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, English content takes up over ...speaking this language.”可知，世界上讲英语的人口比例是16%。
2．Why is English the main language on the Internet
A．It is the easiest language to learn.
B．It is the official language of the United Nations.
C．It is the world's most commonly taught first language.
D．It is the language of early Internet users and technology.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，英语之所以是互联网上的主要语言，是因为它是早期互联网用户和技术的语言。
3．What is the text mainly about
A．The history of the Internet's development.
B．The importance of English in global communication.
C．The challenges faced by non-English speakers online.
D．The language diversity on the Internet and its influences.
解析：D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先介绍了互联网上存在多种语言，并且英语占比最多，然后解释了英语成为互联网主要语言的原因；接着阐述了互联网语言的使用在线上和线下的影响；最后展望未来互联网语言的多样性发展。因此，文章主要是关于互联网上的语言多样性及其影响。
4．What can be learned about the future of the Internet from the last paragraph
A．The digital divide will widen further.
B．More languages will be used on the Internet.
C．The use of English will decrease greatly.
D．All websites will be translated into one language.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，互联网的发展方向是更多样化、更包容，以及弥合数字语言鸿沟，让更多的人参与全球数字经济。由此可知，在未来，更多的语言将在互联网上使用。
Ⅱ.完形填空
My son just completed high school and when he leaves for college in the fall, I'll __1__ his lessons in teenage slang.His slang has offered me an accidental but useful portrait of how he and his generation __2__ the world.
From one generation to the next, the terms changed, but the __3__ typically didn't.New words were routinely __4___ to express familiar concepts: one generation's “cool” __5__ another's “dope” and so on.
Members of my son's generation have a vastly superior approach to slang.They've created a language that __6__ the new and distinct reality they face.
“Mid” is an obvious __7__ in my son's usage, things that are mid are things that are average or __8__ below.Everything in a railway station or an airport falls into the category of “mid”．It's a brilliant, precise word for a mildly __9__ world.
But my favorite new slang word is “based”— short for “based in fact” or “based in reality” and often used as a term of agreement when someone __10__ a debatable opinion.
The kids themselves are bright.That is why I'm so __11__ to my son who gave me a chance to __12__ the language of his generation.One purpose of slang is to demonstrate general __13__， yet slang has brought my son and me closer.The current __14__ created slangs and they've proved themselves more __15__ than we were.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者通过儿子的青少年俚语了解其一代人如何看待世界，并拉近了两代人的距离。
1．A.teach B．prepare
C．miss D．attend
解析：C 儿子即将去上大学，所以作者会想念他以前说的俚语。
2．A.see B．change
C．impact D．shape
解析：A 这里指的是儿子和他的同龄人对世界的看法，即他和他的这一代人是如何看待世界的。
3．A.users B．meanings
C．forms D．targets
解析：B 新单词经常被用来表达熟悉的概念，虽然术语发生了变化，但它们的意义通常保持不变。
4．A.searched B．defined
C．misused D．adopted
解析：D 一代人的“cool”变成了另一代人的“dope”，新单词被“采用”来表达熟悉的概念。
5．A.leads B．becomes
C．causes D．follows
解析：B 新单词经常被采用来表达熟悉的概念，由“cool”到“dope”，这是一种变化。
6．A.dates from B．turns to
C．escapes from D．responds to
解析：D 根据下文“the new and distinct reality they face”可知，他们创造的语言是对他们面临的新现实的回应。
7．A.example B．tool
C．exception D．expression
解析：A “Mid”是儿子的用法中的一个明显例子。
8．A.unbelievably B．terribly
C．slightly D．unreasonably
解析：C 根据上文“things that are mid are things that are average or”和语境可知，“mid”类别的事物是平均或稍微低一点的事物。
9．A.amazing B．excellent
C．boring D．disappointing
解析：D 这个词描述的是略令人失望的世界。
10．A.seeks B．states
C．exchanges D．analyzes
解析：B 根据下文“a debatable opinion”可知，此处指有人陈述一个有争议的观点。
11．A.helpful B．familiar
C．grateful D．sensitive
解析：C 儿子给了作者一个机会去了解他那一代的语言，所以作者对儿子感到感激。
12．A.compare B．approach
C．comment D．copy
解析：B 根据上文“gave me a chance to”和下文“the language of his generation”可知，作者有机会了解儿子那一代的语言。
13．A.ability B．dreams
C．shortcomings D．distinction
解析：D 根据上文“One purpose of slang is to demonstrate general”和下文“yet slang has brought my son and me closer”可知，此处与“俚语却让作者和儿子更亲近了”为转折关系，所以此处指俚语的一个目的是展示代际差异。
14．A.teenagers B．children
C．adults D．seniors
解析：A 根据上文“They've created a language that ____ the new and distinct reality they face.”可知，是当前的青少年创造了新的俚语。
15．A.realistic B．considerate
C．innovative D．energetic
解析：C 根据上文“The current ______ created slangs and they've proved themselves more”可知，青少年通过创造新的俚语证明了自己更有创新精神。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，寒假期间应邀去纽约的孔子学院，并与该校学生交流。请你按照以下要求写一篇演讲稿。要点如下：
1．阐述汉语的广泛用途；
2．介绍学习汉语的方法。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear friends，
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Dear friends，
I am honored to have a chance to be with you today.As is known to us all, with a good knowledge of Chinese, you will get a better understanding of China.Furthermore, learning Chinese is an up-to-date trend you don't want to miss.It is likely that you can make lots of Chinese friends as well.As for the tips of learning Chinese, I would say that Rome wasn't built in a day, so learning Chinese takes time.Please use what you learn in class whenever you can—the more you use Chinese, the better you will learn it.Besides, listening to tapes, watching films and reading stories in Chinese are of great help.I hope you all become fluent Chinese speakers in the near future.
Thanks a million!课时规范训练(三)
层级一 基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We will climb Oriental Pearl Tower from which we will enjoy the whole view of Shanghai.
2．The woman with whom you shook hands just now is the head of our company.
3．I really want to study English abroad instead of at home，for which there are several reasons.
4．Make more Chinese friends in your daily life，with whom you can practice your spoken Chinese.
5．When I arrived，my friend took me to see the house where I would be staying.
Ⅱ.用定语从句合并句子
1．I don't know the reason.He didn't come to the meeting yesterday for the reason.
→I don't know the reason for which/why he didn't come to the meeting yesterday．
2．I joined the organization on that day.I will never forget the day.
→I will never forget the day when/on which I joined the organization．
3．Great changes have taken place in the factory.We are working in the factory.
→Great changes have taken place in the factory where/in which we are working．
Ⅲ.完成下列语段，尽可能地运用定语从句
Dear Tom，
How are you going these days I'm writing to tell you about our school's Sports Club 1.which often organises various activities for us students(俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动).
The Sports Club is located in our school's gym 2.where students can take exercise or practise their skills(在体育俱乐部学生可以锻炼或者练习他们的技能).At weekends，it is available for all students 3.who are interested in sports events (对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).The reason 4.why we like the Sports Club(我们喜欢体育俱乐部) is that it enriches our campus life.
All in all，all of us can work out for half an hour every day，5.through which we can strengthen our body(通过锻炼我们可以增强我们的体质).
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅳ.用正确的关系代词或关系副词完成下面短文
There was a time 1.when I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was the reason 2.why my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club 3.where I met many strangers，I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately，my guide 4.whose teacher was famous，communicated with me face to face，5.from which I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner，and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6.that/which we did.My father and the guide 7.who/that encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated.Now I feel it interesting to learn English，8.into which I put my entire energy.Every day I will read my words and passages aloud.In class I will join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep，I will recall my passages，through 9.which I can memorize a large number of new words.10.As our English teacher says，“As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance，we will conquer English sooner or later”．
层级二 素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
People will tell you the only way to really learn a language is to completely immerse yourself in a country where that language is spoken.Not all language learners, of course, will have the chance to spend some time in an immersion environment.But if you can't actually fly across the world to learn a new language, you can always create an immersion environment where you can talk to native speakers.
That's where Babbel comes in.Babbel is one of the most popular language learning apps on the market for studying new languages at your own pace.The app stresses real-life conversational skills, so you won't be stopped by grammatical knowledge and verb patterns.
And right now, you can get 15% off a lifetime subscription to Babbel Language Learning ($150; ).A lifetime subscription is huge when it comes to getting the most out of the app, since you'll be able to return to lessons time and time again and review whichever section or topic you might need.
So how does it all work First, you'll choose one of the 14 languages.While Babbel offers familiar languages like Spanish and Italian, it also offers less commonly studied ones like Polish, Indonesian and more.Once you pick your language, you'll choose a wide range of real-life topics.Each course takes about 10 to 15 minutes, so you can pick one up on the way to work, during your lunch break, or really at any point you have some time to kill.
Beyond this, Babbel includes a ton of additional features designed to make sure you learn the language in a real, practical and correct way.The app uses speech recognition technology to make sure your pronunciation is correct compared with how native speakers would say certain words.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Babbel语言学习应用程序的功能和使用方法。
1．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．The amazing experiences of travelling.
B．Different ways to learn a new language.
C．The importance of language learning environment.
D．Chances to communicate with native speakers.
解析：C 段落大意题。由文章第一段可知，第一段主要告诉我们的是语言学习环境的重要性。
2．What can we know about Babbel
A．It's a tool for learning languages.
B．It is designed in various types.
C．It focuses more on grammar points.
D．It's the most popular app in the market.
解析：A 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Babbel is one of the most popular language learning apps on the market for studying new languages at your own pace.”可知，Babbel是一个学习语言工具。
3．What should the users do first to learn with the app
A．Choose the place to learn a course.
B．Pick the language they want to learn.
C．Schedule the reading time.
D．Choose a proper topic.
解析：B 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“So how does it all work First, you'll choose one of the 14 languages.”可知，用户在使用这个应用程序学习时应该首先选择他们想学的语言。
4．Why does Babbel use speech recognition technology
A．To represent its additional features.
B．To meet the needs of native speakers.
C．To compare differences between words.
D．To make the pronunciation correct.
解析：D 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The app uses speech recognition technology to make sure your pronunciation is correct compared with how native speakers would say certain words.”可知，Babbel使用语音识别技术是为了使发音正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
We sometimes get questions like this：“How can I speak English with more confidence？” __1__ No matter what language we are learning，we would all love to speak more confidently.So today，we have three pieces of advice to help you gain confidence in your English-speaking ability.
Use positive self-talk.
Believe it or not，the most important person you talk to every day is yourself.In other words，it is your thoughts that really matter.So our first piece of advice is to use positive self-talk.
If you lack confidence as an English speaker，you may tell yourself things like，“__2__” When you talk to other people，you may say things like，“I'm so sorry for my English.” But if you keep thinking and saying such things，you are sure to start believing them.
So the next time you are using your English，pay attention to what you tell yourself or others.__3__
Don't worry too much.
One of the biggest barriers to confidence in speaking a second language is the constant worry about making mistakes.Understand that making mistakes is a natural part of the language learning process.Yes，you will make mistakes.__4__ And many English learners communicate very well，even with mistakes.Mistakes can be a good thing.The more mistakes you make，the more progress you will make.
__5__
If your English-speaking skills are at the beginner or intermediate level and you try to do something too difficult，you may fail.This can harm your confidence.But，if you do something that matches your level，you are more likely to do it well.
A．Set realistic goals.
B．Build your confidence.
C．That is a great question.
D．English is too hard and I will never improve.
E．It is important to practice speaking English every day.
F．But the purpose of speaking a language is to communicate.
G．Be sure to replace unhelpful thoughts or ideas with better ones.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了能自信地说英语的几种方法。
1．解析：C 上文提出怎样才能更自信地说英语这个问题，选项C承接上文，选项中的That即指上文的问题。
2．解析：D 根据上文“If you lack confidence as an English speaker，you may tell yourself things like”可知空处是不自信的你对自己所说的话，选项D符合语境。
3．解析：G 上文提到了一些消极做法，并指出要注意对自己或别人说的话，选项G承接上文。
4．解析：F 上文说明犯错误是自然的事情，下文指出很多英语学习者即使犯错也能很好地交流。选项F承上启下。
5．解析：A 下文说明目标设置不合理会损害自信，所以应设定符合能力的目标。选项A能概括本段内容，为最佳小标题。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Foreign participants took part in the International Chinese Character Competition on Teacher's Day, 2024.
The participants said: “Learning Chinese has opened a new door to 1.________ (understand)the real China and building friendship and trust with people 2.________(global).”
The finals of the competition were held in Chengdu, Sichuan province.Ten competitors from foreign countries shared their 3.________ (person)connection with Hanzi, or Chinese characters, by delivering speeches in Chinese.
Ayrton Loureiro, the top winner，4.________has ties to both France and South Africa, said that “There is a history and a story behind each Chinese character.Once you discover their meaning, 5.________(learn)them can be very interesting.” He came to China for travel and study six years ago just out of 6.________(curious), and he never wanted to leave, as 7.________ had turned out to be a right decision.His family members knew nothing about China before, but now all of them are attracted to visit the country.He took them to different places 8.________ (base)on what they like.
Zhang Chaoyi, a judge of the competition, said that “The event has shown the world's growing interest in Chinese culture, which is 9.________ encouragement for international Chinese language education workers.”
The event 10.________(hold)annually ever since 2021, drawing the participation of many Chinese language learners from 80 countries.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在教师节举行的国际汉字竞赛的情况。
1．解析：understanding 考查动名词。to为介词，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填understanding。
2．解析：globally 考查副词。所给词global为形容词，修饰动词短语building friendship and trust需用其副词作状语。故填globally。
3．解析：personal 考查形容词。所给词person为名词，修饰名词connection需用所给词的形容词作定语，含义为“个人的”。故填personal。
4．解析：who 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Ayrton Loureiro，引导词指人，且在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导。故填who。
5．解析：learning 考查动名词。can be为谓语动词，空处需填动名词作主语。故填learning。
6．解析：curiosity 考查名词。所给词curious为形容词，作介词out of的宾语需用其名词形式curiosity，表示“好奇心”。短语out of curiosity含义为“出于好奇”。故填curiosity。
7．解析：it 考查代词。空处指代上文整个句子内容，需用代词it作主语。故填it。
8．解析：based 考查非谓语动词。took为谓语动词，空处作非谓语动词，be based on意为“基于……”为固定搭配，作非谓语时去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式即可。故填based。
9．解析：an 考查冠词。encouragement为可数名词，此处表泛指，含义为“一种鼓励”需用不定冠词，且encouragement发音是元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
10．解析：has been held 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语ever since 2021可知，此处应用现在完成时态，主语event和hold为被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，助动词需用has。故填has been held。
