Section Ⅴ Writing——关于文化遗产保护的新闻报道
[满分微讲坛——范式素材感悟·有章可循]
新闻报道往往从现实生活中选择最新的事实，及时加以报道。新闻要以事实说话，它是由时间、地点、人物以及事情的起因、经过、结果等要素组成的。
一、课文范式推荐
二、话题素材积累
(一)夺人眼球开头句
1．In order to provide the students with a rich school life, our school held a meaningful activity yesterday.
为了给学生提供一个丰富的学校生活，昨天我们学校举行了一个有意义的活动。
2．The “Saving the Traditional Culture” Conference held in Dalian came to an end last week.
上周在大连举行的“拯救传统文化”大会落下了帷幕。
(二)亮点出彩篇中句
1．Starting from 2 July, the three-day festival presented our school culture.
从7月2日开始，为期三天的节日展示了我们学校的文化。
2．It is reported that the local government will take action to protect the places of interest in this area.
据报道，当地政府将采取行动保护本地区的名胜古迹。
3．The subjects discussed at the meeting include pollution, population and protection of forests，wildlife and cultural relics.
会议讨论的话题包括污染、人口及森林、野生生物和文化遗址的保护。
4．The conference calls on people all over the world to take good care of the traditional culture.
会议号召全世界人民爱护传统文化。
5．With their efforts, more and more people become concerned about protecting cultural relics.
在他们的努力下，越来越多的人开始关注文化遗产的保护。
(三)韵味无穷结尾句
1．I believe we can certainly protect cultural heritage well with the public and the government working together.
我相信，在公众和政府的共同努力下，我们一定能够保护好文化遗产。
2．Everyone present at the meeting was deeply touched and determined to protect cultural heritage.
每个出席会议的人都被深深地感动了，并决心要保护好文化遗产。
[满分练到位——妙笔成篇训练·立竿见影]
假定你是校新闻社的一名记者，你得知芜湖某组织正在采取行动保护文化遗产。请你用英语写一篇有关他们的新闻报道。内容包括：
1．寻找文物并拍照；
2．寻找老房子并帮助修缮；
3．把照片展示给公众并筹集资金。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
第一步 谋篇布局
第二步 遣词造句
1．芜湖有一群人。他们正在采取行动保护文化遗产。
There are a group of people in Wuhu. They are taking action to protect the cultural heritage.
2．跟成员们进行了一次会面之后，我们对他们有了更深的了解。
After having a meeting with the members，we have a deeper understanding of them．
3．他们搜寻文物并给其拍照。
They search for cultural relics and take photos of them.
4．他们会把照片展示给公众，以提高公众保护文物的意识，并获得公众的支持。
They will show the photos to the public to raise their awareness of heritage preservation as well as gain their support．
5．他们收集的钱被用来帮助修缮年代久远的老房子。
The money they collect is used to help repair the old houses from ancient times．
6．他们是一群值得我们关注的人。
They are a group of people who deserve our attention．
7．请加入这个组织！
Please join the organization!
第三步 词句升级
8．用定语从句升级第二步中的句1
There are a group of people in Wuhu, who are taking action to protect the cultural heritage.
9．用定语从句合并升级第二步中的句3和句4
They search for cultural relics and take photos of them, which they will show to the public to raise their awareness of heritage preservation as well as gain their support.
第四步 妙笔成篇
_______________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
There are a group of people in Wuhu, who are taking action to protect the cultural heritage. After having a meeting with its members, we have a deeper understanding of them.
They search for cultural relics and take photos of them, which they will show to the public to raise their awareness of heritage preservation as well as gain their support. Besides, the money they collect is used to help repair the old houses from ancient times.
They are a group of people who deserve our attention. Please join the organization!Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
[知能为先——必备知能一站明]
辅音连缀
1. 什么是辅音连缀
辅音连缀是指在同一意群内(通常为一个单词内)，有两个或两个以上的辅音音素结合在一起的一种语音现象，中间不夹杂元音。元音前， 连缀的辅音不超过3个； 元音后， 连缀的辅音不超过4个。
2．辅音连缀的发音技巧
(1)两个辅音之间不能有停顿，几乎同时发音；
(2)两个辅音之间不能添加任何元音；
(3)前面的辅音要读得轻而短并很快过渡到第二个音。
3．辅音连缀的发音特例
(1)/s/后面爆破音的读法
当清辅音/p/，/t/，/k/在/s/后面时，无论所属音节重读与否，发音时声带不振动。
(2)词尾加-s，-es，-ed后的读法
①词尾音是清辅音的， 加-s或-ed后发/s/或/t/；是浊辅音或元音的，加-s或-ed后发/z/或/d/。
②词尾音为/t/，/d/的，加-s后就分别读成/ts/和/dz/；若为加-ed的，则分别读成/tId/和/dId/。
③词尾音为/s/，/z/，/?/，/?/，/t?/，/d?/等， 加-es后读/Iz/。
4．常见的辅音连缀字母及其发音
(1)bl→/bl/，gl→/ɡl/，kl→/kl/，fl→/fl/，pl→/pl/
(2)br→/br/，cr→/kr/，dr→/dr/，fr→/fr/，gr→/ɡr/，pr→/pr/
(3)tr→/tr/, thr→/θr/, sr→/sr/, shr→/?r/
(4)sp→/sp/，st→/st/，sk→/sk/，sph→/sf/，sl→/sl/，sm→/sm/，sn→/sn/，spr→/spr/，spl→/spl/, str→/str/, scr→/skr/, squ→/skw/
(5)dw→/dw/，qu→/kw/，sw→/sw/，tw→/tw/
(6)-s→/s/或/z/, -x→/ks/, -sh→/?/, -ch→/t?/, -ge→/d?/
[指津] 在/sp/, /spr/, /sk/, /st/, /str/等中的清辅音/p/, /k/, /t/，在这些辅音连缀中呈现浊化， 读成对应的浊辅音/b/, /ɡ/, /d/。
[训练为重——能力提升多听说]
Ⅰ.选出含有辅音连缀的单词
1．A.bold B．bottom
C．bother D．borrow
2．A.cancer B．camp
C．camera D．careless
3．A.decide B．defeat
C．declare D．depart
4．A.edit B．effect
C．enemy D．enjoy
5．A.famous B．fancy
C．farmer D．fast
答案：1～5 ABCBD
Ⅱ.标出下列句子中含有辅音连缀的单词
1．An enemy plane is flying in the sky to spy on us.
2．A man who dragged a big trunk got on the train in the heavy rain.
3．In spring, I feel like playing my every string to comfort your crying.
4．Strangely, the drivers of the cabs in this city all wear red caps.
答案：
1．An enemy plane is flying in the sky to spy on us.
2．A man who dragged a big trunk got on the train in the heavy rain.
3．In spring，I feel like playing my every string to comfort your crying.
4．Strangely，the drivers of the cabs in this city all wear red caps.
Ⅲ.口语交际训练
导游正在带领游客参观紫禁城，在参观过程中游客咨询导游有关紫禁城的知识。请根据汉语提示补全对话。
Tourist：Forgive me for asking, but what was the Forbidden City 1.used_for_in_history(在历史上被用作)
Tour Guide：Well.It is said that the Forbidden City 2.served_as (作为) the home of emperors and their households as well as the ceremonial and political centre of ancient Chinese government for almost 500 years.
Tourist：I see that you're looking at 3.that_valuable_vase(那个珍贵的花瓶). Do you know anything about it
Tour Guide：It's called “blue porcelain”. Some 1.17 million pieces of art are thought to 4.be_stored_in(保存在) the Forbidden City, so 5.it_is_also_called(它也被称为) “the Palace Museum”．
Tourist：That's really amazing!
1．preserve vt.保存；保护；维持n.保护区( preserved adj.保护的 preservation n．保护；保存)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Only if we human beings show our love to them can animals be preserved(preserve).
②The government has taken effective measures to preserve cultural heritage from being destroyed(destroy).
③我们有必要筹集资金来保护文化遗产。(应用文之倡议书)
It is necessary for us to raise funds to preserve the cultural heritage．
(1)preserve...from/against... 保护……免受……
(2)be well preserved 被保存完好
2．promote vt. 促进；提升；推销；晋级( promotion n．提升；提拔；晋升)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①As far as I know, he got promoted(promote) for his great contribution to the company.
②Her promotion(promote) to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.
③在操场上做同样的运动给了我们增进友谊的机会。
Doing the same sports on the playground gives us the chance to promote our friendship．
promote sb to... 提升某人为……
get promoted 升职
3．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)( apply vt. & vi.应用；运用；申请；请求 applicant n．申请人)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①His application(apply)for membership of the organisation was turned down.
②To my happiness, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants(apply) to attend the competition.
③It is suggested that what we have learnt in class should be applied (apply) to practice.
④如果你能考虑我的申请， 我将不胜感激。(应用文之申请信)
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration．
(1)fill in an application form 填写申请表
(2)apply to... 适用于……；向……申请
apply for... 申请……
4．take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
[练透]——完成句子
①参加社会活动是一个好主意，这样可以促进我们对世界的了解。
It is a good idea to take part in social activities, which can promote our understanding of the world.
②众所周知，动物也在保持自然界的平衡中起着重要的作用。
As we all know, animals also play an important part in keeping the balance of nature.
(1)take an active part in... 积极参加……
(2)play a part in... 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
课时规范训练(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The year was 1937.I was seven years old. And I was with my father and mother，at a Chinese restaurant in Boro Park, Brooklyn. That was the first Chinese restaurant I ever ate at. I was always given food from the adults' orders.
I'm not sure when it was，but the time did come when I had my first order—Won-Ton soup, egg rolls and spare ribs. That made me excited. My father seemed to know the Chinese waiter, a young guy; his name was Jimmy. I remember being surprised that a Chinese man could have an American name.
Some months later, my father took me to a restaurant in Manhattan's Chinatown called The Rathskeller on Mott Street. This was my first time in Chinatown and I was very impressed by how different it was from Boro Park. We went there a few times. I just couldn't have enough of the food there.
In 1951, I was sent to work in the Hospital Treasurer's Office at Letterman Army Hospital. A colleague had an uncle who was a waiter at The Far East Café on Grant Avenue in the heart of San Francisco's Chinatown. Once a week, a group from the office would go there for lunch and my colleague's uncle would take good care of us. My favourite dish was Tomato Beef Chow Mein.
It wasn't until about 23 years later, in 1974, that I had my next serious relationship with the cuisine of China. I was lucky to take some cooking lessons provided by a famous Chinese restaurant's chef. Then my life entered a new phase.I didn't know it then, but some time later，it became clear to me that Chinese food would follow me through the days of my life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与中餐结缘的过程。
1．What happened during the author's first experience at a Chinese restaurant
A．He fell in love with Chinese food.
B．He was praised for his good behavior.
C．He was allowed to order his own food.
D．He became familiar with the Chinese waiter.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was always given food from the adults' orders.”和第二段中的“...the time did come when I had my first order...”可知，在此之前，作者都不能自己点餐，但这次被允许自己点餐。
2．What did the author most probably think of The Rathskeller
A．The food there suited his taste.
B．It provided quality customer service.
C．The environment there was pleasant.
D．It offered a chance to learn foreign cultures.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We went there a few times.I just couldn't have enough of the food there.”可知，该餐厅的食物符合作者的口味，作者很喜欢。
3．What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph
A．A famous chef helped him run a Chinese restaurant.
B．Chinese food had a lasting influence on him.
C．He formed a close friendship with a chef.
D．He knew Chinese table manners well.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Then my life entered a new phase...follow me through the days of my life.”可知，中餐对作者产生了持久的影响。
4．How is the passage mainly developed
A．By using data.
B．By analyzing causes.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By following the order of time.
解析：D 篇章结构题。通读全文，根据文章中“The year was 1937.”“Some months later”“In 1951”“in 1974”可知，文章是按照时间顺序进行的。
B
Colombia's Chiribiquete National Park, which is the largest protected tropical forest in the world, was just named a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its outstanding universal value for nature and people. It was built in 1989 and has been expanded twice and now covers 4.4 million hectares in the Northern Amazon.This is a great win for environmentalists.
Chiribiquete National Park has a high rate of species variety. It is home to almost 3，000 animal and plant species, many of which are endangered outside of this amazing protected area. The park is also home to a huge amount of species that are distinctive to this region. Some of them have been decided to be many years old. According to UNESCO, “The park，which is located in the middle of two Pleistocene refuges (Napo and Imeri) and functions as a corridor between three biogeographic provinces (Orinoquia, Guyana, and Amazonia), hosts many special species.”
The National Heritage designation marks the great success of decades of joint conservation efforts by the Colombian government, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)，and other environmental organizations. “This is an important moment for the protection of key ecosystems in Colombia，” said Mary Lou Higgins, director of WWF Colombia. “The recognition of this unique place as a World Heritage Site is a significant step toward protecting forests for future generations.It is a milestone for the Amazon and for forest conservation globally.”
Colombian former president Juan Manuel Santos said that he welcomed the UNESCO designation and considered it as great news for Colombia. He promised to increase the conservation funds by an additional $525 million to better protect the country's environment. However, it is still a long way to go in protecting the park for generations to come.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哥伦比亚的一个国家公园拥有丰富的动植物资源，并被列入了世界文化遗产名录。
5．What do we know about Chiribiquete National Park
A．Its natural beauty has been damaged a lot.
B．Its value has got international recognition.
C．Its species have a big influence on tourism.
D．Its large size attracts environmentalists' attention.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...was just named a UNESCO World Heritage Site for...”可知，这个国家公园被联合国教科文组织认定为世界文化遗产，即它的价值得到了国际认可。
6．What does the underlined word “distinctive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Harmful. B．Common.
C．Friendly. D．Unique.
解析：D 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Some of them have been decided to be many years old...‘The park，which...hosts many special species.’”可知，有很多物种是这个公园“特有的”，其中一些物种已经有很多年的历史了。
7．What can we infer from Mary Lou Higgins' words
A．The park's environmental problems have been settled.
B．The ecosystems in Colombia are in a dangerous situation.
C．The designation of the park is meaningful to forest protection.
D．The future generations should consider the balance of species.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘...is a significant step toward protecting forests for future generations...for forest conservation globally.’”可知，世界文化遗产的称号意味着为后代及全球森林保护迈出了重要一步，即这个称号对森林保护有着重要意义。
8．What would Juan Manuel Santos like to do for the protection work
A．He would help to offer financial support.
B．He would stop people from cutting down big trees.
C．He would try to change the living habits of some species.
D．He would build more wildlife centres in other countries.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He promised to increase the conservation funds by an additional $525 million...”可知，胡安·曼纽尔·桑托斯会为保护工作提供资金支持。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Adapting to different cultures is an enriching journey that broadens our opinions and improves global understanding.Here are some steps to help you embrace cultural diversity.
Admitting cultural differences
Acknowledge and accept that each culture has its own way of life.Admit that no culture is superior or inferior; they are simply different.__1__．
Seeking cultural understanding
You should understand the fundamental aspects of the culture you come across.__2__．Engage in conversations with locals to gain insights into their daily lives and values.This approach will not only enrich your knowledge but also deepen your appreciation for the culture.
Exploring local food
Food is a window into a culture's soul.Try the local cuisine to experience the diversity of flavors and cooking styles.__3__， each bite can offer a connection to the culture's heritage.
Sharing your own culture
Remember, cultural adaptation is reciprocal.While you're learning about others, you also have the chance to share stories and aspects of your own culture.__4__．
In a word, adapting to different cultures is about embracing the diversity with an open heart and mind.__5__．By doing so, you can enrich your life with new viewpoints and experiences.
A．Whether it's seafood or dessert
B．If you want to know some delicious food
C．This exchange can improve understanding
D．Learn about their history, traditions, and so on
E．Language is a powerful tool for cultural adaptation
F．It involves respect and a willingness to learn and share
G．It helps set the stage for a positive attitude to new experiences
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了适应不同文化的重要性，并提出了一系列步骤来帮助人们拥抱文化多样性。
1．解析：G 根据前文可知，此处强调承认文化没有优劣之分，只是不同而已，设空处应该进一步阐述承认差异带来的积极影响。G选项符合语境。
2．解析：D 根据前文可知，此处强调你应该了解你所遇到的文化的基本方面。D选项强调了解他们的历史、传统正是对“基本方面”的具体化。
3．解析：A A选项为让步状语从句，与下文“each bite can offer a connection to the culture's heritage”相衔接，指出无论当地的食物是海鲜还是甜点，品尝一口都能让人联想到当地的文化遗产，进一步强调了探索当地美食有助于了解当地文化，符合语境。
4．解析：C 根据前文可知，此处强调文化适应是相互的。C选项指出这种交流可以改善理解，与前文内容一致。
5．解析：F 根据前文可知，此处强调适应不同的文化就是以开放的心态和心灵去拥抱多样性。F选项进一步阐释了适应文化多样性所需的品质，即尊重和愿意学习、分享。阶段测评(一)
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are some of the recent additions of the World Heritage list.
Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (Russia)
The structures, many of which are churches, were all designed by the Pskov School of Architecture.It was a leading school of building design in the country, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries.Some elements common to Pskov architecture date back to the 12th century.
Babylon (Iraq)
The ancient city of Babylon is gaining World Heritage Site status (地位).The city was once a main tourist site before Iraq suffered several wars.The around 4，300-year-old city is where dynasties have risen and fallen since the earliest days of settled human civilisation.UNESCO says the site “offers a look into one of the most influential empires of the ancient world”．
Writing-on-Stone (Canada)
Canada's Writing-on-Stone monument has a large number of protected rock paintings and rock carvings.Some of them are about 2，000 years old. The markings were left by Blackfoot Native Americans，who lived in parts of western Canada and the far northern United States.The land that makes up Writing-on-Stone is filled with rock posts that have been formed into “spectacular (壮观的) shapes” by erosion (侵蚀).
Paraty and Ilha Grande (Brazil)
The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island Ilha Grande are already popular places for visitors to Brazil's Rio de Janeiro state.Paraty was the final stop of the Gold Route，along which gold was shipped to Europe in the 1600s.The area is also home to a huge number of animals，some of which are in danger now.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界遗产名录上的四位最新“成员”以及各自的特色和背景。
1．What do we know about the buildings in Pskov
A．Their designs came from the same school.
B．They are merely churches.
C．They are a group of ancient schools.
D．Their paintings are about 2, 000 years old.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (Russia)中的“The structures，many of which are churches，were all designed by the Pskov School of Architecture. ”可知， 普斯科夫的建筑的设计来自同一个流派。
2．What can we learn from the Writing-on-Stone monument
A．It is the best-preserved monument in Canada.
B．It enjoys great popularity with visitors.
C．It reflects the culture of the natives.
D．It was formed by nature.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据Writing-on-Stone(Canada)中的“The markings were left by Blackfoot Native Americans，who lived in parts of western Canada and the far northern United States.”可知， 石碑反映了当地人的文化。
3．What can visitors see in Paraty and Ilha Grande
A．Shipping activities.
B．Coastal scenery.
C．Gold mining equipment.
D．Rock paintings and rock carvings.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据Paraty and Ilha Grande(Brazil)中的“The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island Ilha Grande are already popular places for visitors to Brazil's Rio de Janeiro state.”可推断， 游客在帕拉蒂和格兰德岛能看到沿海风景。
B
One day in elementary school, a friend asked me “What are you eating？” as she glanced at my lunchbox. “It smells，” she said, nose crinkled(变皱).
I was eating bhindi roti, my favourite Indian snack, which my mum had packed for me. But feeling embarrassed for having a “smelly” lunch and wanting to fit in, I quietly shut my lunchbox. That day, I went hungry.
Most days after that, lunchtime at school felt like a battle. If I wasn't trying to hide my lunch or sneak quick bites when no one was looking, I'd insist on bringing in the same peanut-butter-and-jelly sandwich as the other kids. My mum, who didn't grow up eating American food, tried her best, but the sandwiches never looked, or tasted, as good as the food I devoured at home.
I didn't know that I wasn't alone. Many kids with immigrant parents encounter(遭遇) what's known as “the lunchbox moment” at school：The experience of being judged for bringing in food considered culturally different and so being made to feel like an outsider.
For this article, I talked with kids who could relate. But they also surprised me: They dealt with “the lunchbox moment” differently than I did. For example, Satya Singh, 6, who takes her mum's Indian cooking to lunch most days, told me that one day a classmate said that her aloo, or potatoes, looked like poop. Another time, someone said that the dal, or lentils, looked like “throw up”. The next day, Satya brought enough dal to share with her entire class — and they loved it. From then on, she says, “My teacher at school made a rule: Don't yuck someone's yum.”
Looking back, I wish I'd had the wisdom of Satya and offered my friend a bite of my lunch, or just told her it was delicious — especially because now, as an adult, I see that Indian food is universally loved by my friends. Some even try to cook Indian lentils or chickpeas at home! And when I'm hungry, guess what I miss my mum's bhindi roti and her care in making it for me. Food is an expression of culture, tradition, family and love. And that's something to celebrate, not hide.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章从作者亲身经历讲到移民家庭孩子在学校吃自带午餐(印度食物)的困境，然后讲到Satya Singh怎么积极应对午餐时刻，最后指出食物是用来庆祝的，不是用来隐藏的。
4．Why did the writer go hungry one day in elementary school
A．She didn't like her smelly lunch.
B．Her classmates ate up her bhindi roti.
C．Her mum didn't prepare lunch for her.
D．She skipped her lunch to fit in with others.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But feeling embarrassed for having a ‘smelly’ lunch and wanting to fit in, I quietly shut my lunchbox. That day, I went hungry.”可知，作者是因为没有吃午餐而挨饿的。
5．What can we infer about the writer according to the passage
A．She enjoyed the lunchtime at school.
B．Her parents are immigrants from India.
C．She liked peanut-butter-and-jelly sandwich best.
D．She would bite her bhindi roti quickly when someone was looking.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I didn't know that I wasn't alone. Many kids with immigrant parents encounter(遭遇) what's known as ‘the lunchbox moment’ at school”可知，作者也是移民家庭的孩子。
6．How did Satya deal with “the lunchbox moment”？
A．She threw away her lunch box.
B．She asked her teacher to make a rule.
C．She ate American food instead of her mum's Indian cooking.
D．She brought more Indian cooking to share with her classmates.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The next day, Satya brought enough dal to share with her entire class — and they loved it.”可知，Satya带来了更多的印度食物和同学们分享。
7. What does the author want to tell us
A．Food is something to celebrate, not hide.
B．Never should you yuck someone's yum in any case.
C．Indian food is delicious and universally appreciated.
D．The lunchbox moment is when one can taste different foods.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Food is an expression of culture, tradition, family and love. And that's something to celebrate, not hide.”可知，文章从作者亲身经历讲到移民家庭孩子在学校吃自带午餐(印度食物)的困境，然后讲到Satya Singh怎么积极应对午餐时刻，最后点题，食物是用来庆祝的，不是用来隐藏的。
C
China's Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced the Fifth National List of Representative Elements of Intangible Cultural Heritage of China，adding 185 items to the list，including the skills of making Luosifen.
Luosifen, or River Snails Rice Noodles，is a dish known for its special smell in the southern Chinese city of Liuzhou. Those who try it say they can never forget the magical bining the traditional food of the Han people with that of the Miao and Dong ethnic groups，Luosifen is sour，spicy，salty，hot and even smelly after being boiled.
Originating in Liuzhou in the 1970s，Luosifen served as an inexpensive street snack that people outside of the city knew little about. In 2012，Luosifen appeared in a hit Chinese food TV program，A Bite of China. After that it became a household name. And two years later, China had the first company to sell packaged Luosifen.
The development of the Internet, especially the boom of e-commerce and online eating show，has brought this Chinese local food passion to a new level. Luosifen often shows up in videos by food bloggers and eating show hosts.Some videos of how to make Luosifen have even gained millions of views on the website abroad.
The development of the Internet allowed Luosifen to be well received. According to data from some e-commerce platforms, the turnover of Luosifen this whole year was 15 times more than that of last year's，with the number of buyers growing 9 times year on year. The largest group of buyers was the post-90s generation.
As Luosifen becomes more and more popular，the local government is trying to establish official international position of this unique fine food. Authorities in Liuzhou City have applied for UNESCO's recognition of Luosifen as an intangible cultural heritage.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了螺蛳粉被列入中国非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录。电视节目《舌尖上的中国》使得螺蛳粉在中国家喻户晓， 后来随着网络越来越发达， 螺蛳粉已经被国外的食客们所熟知。
8．What made Luosifen well known around China in 2012
A．Its unique taste.
B．A TV program.
C．The online eating shows.
D．Efforts from local government.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“In 2012，Luosifen appeared in a hit Chinese food TV program，A Bite of China. After that it became a household name.”可知， 螺蛳粉通过一档电视节目《舌尖上的中国》而在中国变得家喻户晓。所以螺蛳粉在中国出名是因为一档电视节目。
9．What can we learn about the videos of making Luosifen
A．They make eating show hosts famous.
B．They encourage more people to make videos.
C．They help Luosifen become known to the world.
D．They attract food bloggers to make Luosifen.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推断， 制作螺蛳粉的视频有助于把螺蛳粉的名声传播到全世界。
10．What does the underlined word “turnover” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to
A．The amount of sales.
B．The amount of views.
C．The amount of production.
D．The amount of comments.
解析：A 词义猜测题。根据第五段中画线词所在句前半句“According to data from some e-commerce platforms”和后半句“with the number of buyers growing 9 times year on year”可知， 这里指螺蛳粉的销售额比去年的增加了15倍。所以turnover指的是“销售额”。
11．In which part of a website may this text appear
A．Tour. B．Education.
C．Culture. D．Advertisement.
解析：C 文章出处题。根据文章内容为介绍螺蛳粉被列入中国非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录可推知， 本文可能出现在网站的“文化”部分。
D
One of the biggest complaints I hear from people is that their friends just aren't there for them. More than that, sometimes friends are downright (完全地) rude or even mean. You can't change people, but you can surround yourself with more positive people. Here are some benefits that spending time with positive friends can provide.
With positive friends，you don't need to beg for help when you need it. Positive individuals want others to be happy, and will go out of their way to help you when you're feeling down. As 's Guide to Stress states, “Ideal friendships provide support when you're down, fun when you're up, wisdom when you're lost.”
Compare that to toxic friends，who might snipe (抨击) at you or even laugh at you behind your back. Negative people celebrate the downfall of others, and as a result you'll end up feeling worse about yourself or the situation you're dealing with. Friends who aren't positive will add to whatever amount of stress you are feeling.
Your positive friends will not only help you recover from negative hits you take in life, but they will also inspire you to be the best you can be. For example, perhaps you always wanted to be a writer. The negative people in your life will probably tell you all the reasons why you won't succeed. But who needs that Chances are you have already gone over the reasons why you might fail and this is what has prevented you from trying. But with positive people in your life, you'll feel more comfortable sharing these types of goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life.
You naturally attract the kinds of friends who are most like you. So if you're a downer, you'll probably find that negative people come to you. The same is true for being positive. The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude, the more like-minded people you'll attract in return.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述积极的朋友和消极的朋友对我们产生的不同影响，表达了积极的朋友会让我们受益很多的观点。
12．Your true friends are probably those who ________．
A．you can change gradually
B．will not turn to you whenever in trouble
C．will stay with you when you're in need
D．are always polite and never waste anything
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With positive friends, you don't need to beg for help when you need it. Positive individuals want others to be happy, and will go out of their way to help you when you're feeling down.”可知，真正的朋友是当你需要帮助时，会在你身边给你帮助的那些人。
13．The writer mentions the statement of 's Guide to Stress in order to ________．
A．emphasize the importance of friendships
B．point out everyone may meet with difficulties
C．compare the differences between success and failure
D．explain to us what ideal friendships are in reality
解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中's Guide to Stress所陈述的话“Ideal friendships provide support when you're down, fun when you're up, wisdom when you're lost.”可以推断，作者提到这段话是想要解释现实中理想的友谊到底是什么样的。
14．By saying “The same is true for being positive.”， the writer intends to tell us that “________”．
A．It is true that everyone is positive in life
B．If you are positive, you'll attract positive friends
C．The negative people don't like the positive ones
D．The positive people would like to stay with everyone
解析：B 句意理解题。根据文章最后一段中提到的“You naturally attract the kinds of friends who are most like you. So if you're a downer, you'll probably find that negative people come to you.”可以推断，“The same is true for being positive.”意思为“积极的人也是这样的”，即“如果你是积极的，那么就会吸引积极的朋友和你在一起”。
15．Which of the following is conveyed in this article
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B．Friendship is love with understanding.
C．Old friends and old wine are the best.
D．Positive friends can benefit you a lot.
解析：D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句提到“Here are some benefits that spending time with positive friends can provide.”；第二段首句提到“With positive friends, you don't need to beg for help when you need it.”；第四段首句提到“Your positive friends will not only help you recover from negative hits you take in life, but they will also inspire you to be the best you can be.”可知，作者在文章中想表达的是积极的朋友会让你受益良多。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interesting Eating Habits From Different Countries
Among one of the joys of traveling abroad is the exposure to different types of cuisines.Here we provide some eating habits that could benefit you when traveling to a foreign country.
Britain
__16__ In England, the term “dinner” can refer to the afternoon meal, or lunch as some of us know it.What we know as dinner is sometimes called tea or supper, depending on how late it is consumed.The most common time for tea is at four o'clock in the afternoon.Supper is generally a lighter meal taken later in the evening.
China
The use of chopsticks when eating Chinese cuisine is one that needs practice.To hold the chopsticks properly, first hold the first stick like a pencil, and the second stick between your thumb and your ring finger.__17__
India
It is pretty widely known that Indians traditionally eat with hands.__18__ Many urban Indians today, whether living in India or not, maintain the practice of eating with their hands.
Before settling down to begin your meal, make sure to wash your hands thoroughly first.Always eat with your right hand only.__19__Besides, make sure not to have any food touch your palms (手掌), and do not put your fingers into your mouth.Instead, use your fingers to push the food into your mouth.
Japan
In Japan, before sitting down to a meal, fresh hot towels are given to you to clean your hands.__20__ It means “I'm going to start eating”．
A．When your orders arrive, it is also polite to say the phrase “itadakimasu”．
B．Let China's food culture move toward the world.
C．There, dinner may not be the dinner that you and I know.
D．Eating with your left hand is considered disrespectful.
E．In some countries, lunchtime often means soup time.
F．Your middle finger should be in between the two chopsticks.
G．However, this practice is not limited to traditional Indians only.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来自不同国家的有趣饮食习惯，包括英国、中国、印度和日本。作者希望这些信息能帮助人们在出国旅行时更好地适应当地的饮食文化。
16．解析：C 根据后文“In England, the term ‘dinner’ can refer to the afternoon meal, or lunch as some of us know it.”可知，在英国，“晚餐”可能并不是我们理解的晚餐。C选项引起下文，符合语境。故选C。
17．解析：F 根据前文“To hold the chopsticks properly, first hold the first stick like a pencil, and the second stick between your thumb and your ring finger.”可知，此处解释如何正确的使用筷子。F选项承接前文，描述如何正确使用筷子。故选F。
18．解析：G 根据后文“Many urban Indians today, whether living in India or not, maintain the practice of eating with their hands.”可知，用手吃饭这个习俗并不只限于传统印度人，许多印度城市居民，无论是否居住在印度，都保持着用手吃饭的习惯。G选项与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选G。
19．解析：D 根据前文“Always eat with your right hand only.”可知，在印度只能用右手吃饭。D选项承接前文，形成对应，解释了只能用右手吃饭的原因，即用左手吃饭是被认为不礼貌的，符合语境。故选D。
20．解析：A 根据后文“It means ‘I'm going to start eating’．”可知，此处设空处介绍了日本人开始吃饭前要说的一句话；A选项符合语境，下文中的“It”指代选项中的“itadakimasu”。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rachel Liu has been training as a Beijing Opera performer for four years.
It takes many years for a person to learn Beijing Opera，but Rachel said she mastered the basics “rather __21__” after being “lucky enough to learn from one of the best teachers.”
“I am still learning to __22__．Singing is very __23__ because of the delicacy(微妙) of pronouncing the words.Professional Beijing Opera singers can point out any small mistake you make，__24__ you think you haven't made one，” said Rachel.
There are many different __25__ in Beijing Opera and Rachel has chosen to perform martial arts(武术) roles. Rachel __26__ her role playing a character named Hu San Niang：“She is a female fighter who has the ability to __27__ many men at one time. In this performance, a lot of high jumping and kicking is required.”
“My favourite part about performing is seeing the __28__ of the audience. Beijing Opera is all about making the audience feel excitement，”explained Rachel. In Beijing Opera, people in the audience often shout “Hao！” when they are watching a really __29__ performance.
“Beijing Opera is something that is __30__in China.However, it is slowly __31__ as old traditions are replaced by modern culture. China has already taken steps to __32__ this traditional art, and I __33__ that people in my school can also protect this wonderful art，”said Rachel.“Although I am not a professional, the things that I have __34__ already make me love this__35__．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Rachel Liu学习京剧的故事。
21．A.carefully B．privately
C．quietly D．quickly
解析：D 根据上文中的“It takes many years for a person to learn Beijing Opera, but”和下文中的“being ‘lucky enough to learn from one of the best teachers’”可知，与其他人不同，Rachel很快就学会了京剧。
22．A.sing B．dance
C．speak D．shout
解析：A 下文中的“Singing”提示本空选择sing，属于原词复现。
23．A.dangerous B．boring
C．difficult D．unhealthy
解析：C 根据常识和下文中的“the delicacy (微妙)of pronouncing the words”可知，学习京剧的唱腔非常难。
24．A.now that B．even if
C．soon after D．ever since
解析：B 根据上文中的“Professional Beijing Opera singers can point out any small mistake you make”和下文中的“you think you haven't made one”可知，作者认为专业的京剧演员可以发现你犯的任何小错误，即使你认为自己没有犯错。
25．A.names B．jobs
C．stories D．roles
解析：D 根据常识和下文中的“Rachel has chosen to perform martial arts (武术) roles”可知，京剧中有很多不同类型的角色，而Rachel选择了武角。
26．A.challenged B．accepted
C．described D．missed
解析：C 下文中的“She is a female fighter who has the ability to__27__many men at one time.”是Rachel通过扈三娘这一角色对自己武角行当的描述。
27．A.fight off B．work for
C．know about D．talk to
解析：A 根据上文中的“female fighter”可知，扈三娘是一名女武将，她可以同时击退很多男人。fight off意为“击退；抵抗”。
28．A.kindness B．happiness
C．contribution D．encouragement
解析：B 根据下文中的“making the audience feel excitement”可知，Rachel喜欢通过自己的京剧表演给观众带去快乐。
29．A.popular B．necessary
C．strange D．good
解析：D 根据常识和上文中的“often shout ‘Hao！’”可知，观众欣赏到非常精彩的京剧表演时会拍手叫好。
30．A.trusted B．treasured
C．collected D．tested
解析：B 根据常识和下文中的“However”以及“old traditions are replaced by modern culture”可知，京剧是中国的宝藏，但是在现代文化的冲击下，京剧的影响力正在逐渐消失。
31．A.disappearing B．growing
C．waiting D．competing
解析：A 参见上题解析。
32．A.discover B．record
C．protect D．face
解析：C 下文中的“can also protect this wonderful art”提示本空选择 protect，属于原词复现。
33．A.plan B．hope
C．guess D．remember
解析：B 根据下文中的“people in my school can also protect this wonderful art”可知，Rachel希望自己学校的人也可以保护京剧。
34．A.won B．noticed
C．wanted D．learned
解析：D 根据上文中的“Rachel Liu has been training as a Beijing Opera performer for four years.”“learn from one of the best teachers”以及“this traditional art”可知，Rachel认为自己虽然不是专业的京剧演员，但是她所学到的东西足以让她热爱京剧这项传统艺术。
35．A.experience B．history
C．tradition D．class
解析：C 参见上题解析。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Ruying，36.______ grandfather is a huge fan of Peking Opera, has been interested in Peking Opera for much of her young life.Her grandfather is a great influence 37.________ her.At the age of 8, she 38.________ (begin) to practice the classic art.It wasn't easy for a little girl 39.________ (experience) the difficult training, as performances combine martial arts, dancing and acrobatics(杂技).
“Sometimes I was tired，” she said.“I had to balance my studies and other 40.________ (course) I was interested in, such as dance.But the great charm(魅力) of Peking Opera made me always practice it.”
When Liu got the news that her region would have a cultural exchange with other countries, she had the idea of 41.________ (introduce) Peking Opera to the world in English.With 42.________help of her mother, she took part in the activity after several months of practice.
“I 43.________ (extreme) love traditional Chinese culture，” she said.“Peking Opera has a long history of about 200 years and 44.________ (consider) a treasure of our nation.We should let 45.________ (we) make great efforts to carry forward our culture and protect the cultural diversity of the world.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了刘如英从小受到爷爷的影响对京剧产生了极大的热爱，在一次活动中用英语向世界介绍京剧，为弘扬中国文化和保护世界文化多样性做出巨大努力。
36．解析：whose 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处缺少非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是Liu Ruying，定语从句缺少定语表示“谁的”。故填whose。
37．解析：on 考查介词。分析句子可知，空处构成固定搭配a great influence on sb对某人的巨大影响。故填on。
38．解析：began 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，空处为句子谓语部分，时间状语是At the age of 8，应使用一般过去时。故填began。
39．解析：to experience 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，It为形式主语，空处为不定式作真正主语。故填to experience。
40．解析：courses 考查名词复数。分析句子可知，空处为and连接的并列成分，前面是名词，and后也应使用名词形式，course是可数名词，前面有other限定表示“除了学习之外的课程”，应使用复数形式。故填courses。
41．解析：introducing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处为介词of的宾语，此处应使用动名词形式。故填introducing。
42．解析：the 考查冠词。分析句子可知，空处构成固定短语With the help of在……的帮助下。故填the。
43．解析：extremely 考查副词。分析句子可知，空处为句子状语部分，应使用副词修饰动词love，故填extremely。
44．解析：is considered 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处为句子并列谓语表示“被认为是”，应使用被动语态，主语是Peking Opera，谓语动词应用单数，表示的是现在的状态，应使用一般现在时的被动语态形式。故填is considered。
45．解析：ourselves 考查代词。分析句子可知，空处为句子宾语，代词we和主语一致，应使用反身代词。故填ourselves。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是校新闻社的一名记者，你得知有一群年轻人成立了一个组织以保护文化遗产，请用英语写一篇有关他们的新闻报道。内容包括：
1．寻找文物并拍照；
2．把照片展示给公众并筹集资金；
3．把资金用来帮助修复古建筑。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
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One possible version：
A group of young people have formed a heritage protection organization and they are taking action to protect the cultural heritage, whose deeds draw our attention.After having a meeting with the members, we have a deeper understanding of them.
They search for cultural relics and take photos of them, which they will show to the public to arouse their awareness of heritage preservation as well as gain their support.What's more, the money they raise is used to help repair the old buildings from ancient times.
They are a group of persons who deserve our attention and appreciation.Please join the organization!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Looking at her worn-out sneakers(运动鞋)，Sarah felt embarrassed(尴尬的) going to school wearing them.
“What's the matter，Sarah Is there something wrong with the food？”her mother asked.
Sarah，in a high voice, shouted，“I am sick of these shoes! I am no longer wearing these to my school! Do you know how embarrassing it is？”
Meghan，(Sarah's mother) was a single mother working in a nearby town café.She explained，“Right now, we're on a tight budget(预算很紧).I'll make sure to get you a new pair next month.”
Sarah picked up her schoolbag and walked to school, giving her mother a dissatisfied look.
The school was going to organize a sports competition and Sarah filled out the form for a 100-meter race.
When one of her friends saw this, she asked Sarah if she was certain about running the race. Sarah didn't understand what her friend meant.
“Dear, if you have a new pair of shoes，then it's fine. But if you choose to wear the ones you are wearing now，I'm afraid you will lose the race！”the friend said, pointing at Sarah's shoes. Sarah simply nodded and returned to her classroom without saying anything.
Later that day, on her way home, Sarah realized she hadn't eaten her lunch, so she stopped at a bus stop to finish it.
When she began eating, she noticed that a child was standing next to her in poor clothes. Sarah knew the kid needed that sandwich that she was eating since the kid stared at her and then at her food.
Sarah handed the sandwich to the child, who ran up to her, excitedly got the sandwich from Sarah's hand and began eating it.After finishing the sandwich, the child thanked Sarah, saying，“I haven't had such a tasty sandwich in a long time.My father is a cleaner in a house down the street and my mother is a patient at a hospital.Oh, and my name is Sam.”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Sarah felt very sad after hearing this.________________________________
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The winning prize was a surprise and all the students wanted to know what it was._______________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Sarah felt very sad after hearing this.She realized she had not valued what she had.So when her mother returned from the café，Sarah ran up to her and told her that she no longer needed new shoes because her current white sneakers were good and worked just fine.Her mother smiled as she thought her daughter had realized a lot of things. Days passed, and finally the day of the sports competition arrived. Sarah was all set and ready to win.
The winning prize was a surprise and all the students wanted to know what it was. The race started, and Sarah, no doubt，felt a bit uncomfortable in her old sneakers. But she didn't give up. Sarah managed to reach the final and finally won second place. The award ceremony arrived! The first prize was a sports watch. To Sarah's surprise, the second prize was a new pair of sneakers. Sarah couldn't help but cry with happiness when she saw the new shoes in her hands.Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Task Ⅰ 框架宏观建构——整体理解
1.What's the main idea of the text
A．A committee was needed.
B．The proposal led to protests.
C．A big challenge can sometimes lead to a great solution.
D．The project of a new dam was successful.
答案：C
2．Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
TaskⅡ 文本微观剖析——细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．Why did the Egyptian government attempt to build the Aswan Dam
A．To produce electricity.
B．To control floods.
C．To supply water to more farmers in the area.
D．All of the above.
2．How long did it take to build the Aswan Dam project in all
A．22 years. B．27 years.
C．20 years. D．30 years.
3．The author organized the text by________．
A．place B．time
C．relationship D．plot
4．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A．Easier said than done.
B．More haste, less speed.
C．Actions speak louder than words.
D．Many hands make light work.
答案： 1～4 DCBD
Task Ⅲ 教材对接高考——续写感悟
Read the text carefully and find the sentences to describe the problems and the solutions.
1．Finding_and_keeping_the_right_balance_between_progress_and_the_protection_of_cultural_sites_can_be_a_big_challenge.
2．Big_challenges，however，can_sometimes_lead_to_great_solutions.
3．If_a_problem_seems_too_difficult_for_a_single_nation,_the_global_community_can_sometimes_provide_a_solution.
Task Ⅳ 难句密码破解——理解提升
1.There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 新旧更替的时代已经到来，我们在走向未来的过程中，不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
2．After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 埃及政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及居住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。
3．Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
Task Ⅴ 课文语法填空
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.1.________ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be 2.________ big challenge.
In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile 3.________(benefit) more farmers, 4.______ led to protests.The government turned 5.______ the United Nations for help.Then a committee 6.________(establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings.7.________ (final) a document was signed, and the work began in 1960.
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great 8.________ (succeed).The spirit of the Aswan Dam project 9.________ (be) still alive today.If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the 10.________ (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.
答案：1.Keeping 2.a 3.to benefit 4.which
5．to 6.was established 7.Finally 8.success 9.is 10.global
[板块一 单词短语——点点清]
层级一 高频词汇精讲
1．balance n．平衡；均匀vt.使平衡( balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的 )
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Before making the final decision, you'd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
②More importantly, we should have a balanced(balance) diet and enjoy breakfast every day.
③保持学习和社交生活的平衡很重要。
It is very important to keep a balance between study and social life.
(1)keep/lose (one's) balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
(2)balance...against... 权衡；比较
2．lead to 导致
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Our English teacher often divides us into groups and leads us to practice(practice) speaking English.
②With the little boy leading(lead) the way, we had no difficulty finding his house.
③众所周知，成功在于努力，而懒惰导致失败。
As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness leads to failure．
lead sb to do sth 带领/领导某人做某事
lead sb to... 引领某人到……
lead the way 带路
lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活
3．make sure确保；设法保证
[练透]——一句多译
专家们一遍又一遍地检查火车以确保其安全性。
→Experts examined the train again and again to make sure of the safety.
→Experts examined the train again and again to make sure (that) it is safe.
(1)make sure of (doing) sth确保(做)某事
make sure (that)... 确保/查明……
(2)be sure of/about... 肯定/确信……
be sure (that)... 确信……
4．likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地( unlikely adj.不大可能的)
[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①People with a positive attitude towards life are more likely to succeed(succeed).
②I have learnt that Mr. Brown disagrees with you.Your suggestion is unlikely (like) to be accepted under present condition.
③如果你向老师寻求帮助，你可能会取得更大的进步。
→If you ask your teacher for help，it is likely that you can make much more progress.
→If you ask your teacher for help, you are likely to make much more progress.
(1)be likely to do sth 可能做某事
It's likely that ... 很可能……
(2)Sb be unlikely to do sth ...
＝It's unlikely that sb ... 某人不可能做某事……
5．turn to 向……求助
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Before I turned in the application，I had turned to you for some proposals.
②The meeting has already begun, but the manager hasn't turned up yet.
③His proposal was turned down at the meeting, which made him very sad.
④在这样可怕的情况下，没有人可以求助，这个女孩感到很无助。
With no one to turn to in such a frightening situation, the girl felt very helpless.
turn down 关小，调低；拒绝
turn in 交上；提交
turn up 出现；露面；调大
turn out 结果是；生产
6．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定( limited adj.有限的)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to serving(serve) the people.
②I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.
③Time seems limited(limit) for us students, so more students try to study even during the ten-minute break.
④老师要求我们每人把发言时间限制在五分钟之内。
The teacher demanded that each of us should limit our speech to five minutes．
(1)without limit 无限制地
There is a/no limit to... ……有/没有限制。
to the limit 挑战极限；到最大程度
(2)limit...to... 将……限制在……
7．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠( prevention n. 预防；阻止；防止)
[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①It's high time we took measures to prevent water from being polluted(pollute).
②我们必须尽最大努力防止这些历史遗迹消失。
→We must do our best to prevent these historic sites from disappearing．(prevent)
→We must spare no efforts to stop these historic sites from disappearing．(stop)
→We must make every effort to keep these historic sites from disappearing．(keep)
prevent sb(from) doing... 阻止某人做……
stop sb(from) doing... 阻止某人做……
keep sb from doing... 阻止某人做……
注意：在被动语态中，这三个短语中的from都不能省略。
8．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠( contribute vi.& vt. 捐献；捐助)
[练透]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义/完成句子
①It is worthwhile to contribute some money to the Red Cross.
②Doing small things well contributes to building (build)up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.
③Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.导致
④总之， 我为自己对传播中国文化作出的巨大贡献感到自豪。
In a word, I was proud of making great contributions to spreading Chinese culture.
(1)make contributions /a contribution to ... 为……作出贡献
(2)contribute...to... 为……贡献/捐献……
contribute to 促成；导致；投稿
9．donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血) ( donation n．捐赠；捐献；捐款 donator n．捐赠者)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The little girl donated all her money to the preserve, which was set up to protect wild birds.
②It is reported that the famous director made a generous donation (donate) to the charity.
③这个人向公众承诺他将捐赠100万元帮助残疾人。
The man made a promise to the public that he would donate 1，000，000 yuan to help the disabled.
(1)donate...to... 向……捐赠……
(2)make a donation to... 向……捐赠
10．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I attempted to frighten (frighten)the wolf away by throwing stones at it, but failed.
②He made an attempt to prevent (prevent)the accident from happening, but failed at last.
③第一次尝试时我们未能做成爆米花，但是我们没有向困难屈服。
We failed to make popcorn at the first attempt，but we didn't give way to the difficulty.
(1)attempt to do sth 企图做某事；尝试做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth 尝试做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
11.worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①As we all know, it is worthwhile preserving/to preserve(preserve) cultural relics and historic sites.
②As far as I'm concerned, the book is well worth reading (read).
③最后但同样重要的是，读有趣的汉语新闻是值得的，这能够帮助你提高对汉语的兴趣。
Last but not least，it is worthwhile reading/to read interesting Chinese news，which can help you increase your interest in Chinese.
(1)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth 做某事是值得的。
(2)worth adj. 有……的价值；值得……的
be worth doing 值得做
层级二 中频词汇练透
1．give way to让步；屈服
[练透]——用give的相关短语填空
①In a way，cinemas have gradually given way to the rise of the Internet and cell phones.
②No matter what happens, we will not give up our hope.
give away 赠送；泄露
give up 放弃
give off 发出；放出
2．conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法vt.组织；安排；带领
[练透]——单句语法填空
①It is worthwhile conducting/to conduct (conduct) such activities to promote us students' creativity.
②What made us happy was that the survey was easy to conduct (conduct).
(1)conduct an experiment/a survey 做实验/展开调查
conduct oneself well/badly (行为)表现好/差
(2)conductor n. 指挥；售票员
3．proposal n．提议；建议( propose vt.提议；建议)
[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①A professor has proposed that a fund (should) be established(establish) to raise money.
②One of my classmates proposed placing(place) all books in order, so we got down to work immediately.
③他建议每个人都应该努力使我们的国家更强大。
→He made a proposal that everyone (should) make efforts to make our country stronger. (proposal n．)
→He proposed that everyone (should) spare no efforts to make our country stronger.(propose vt.)
(1)make a proposal to do sth 提出(做某事的)建议
make a proposal that ...(should) do... 提出(做……的)建议
(2)propose doing sth 建议做某事
propose that sb/sth(should) do... 建议……
4．loss n．丧失；损失( lost adj.失去的；丧失的；迷惑的)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①My carelessness led to a problem to the company and I was at a loss(lose).
②Jerry stood up and walked around the living room, lost(lose) in thought.
③他下定决心尽最大努力去弥补损失。
He was determined to try his best to make up for the loss．
(1)at a loss 不知所措；困惑
suffer a loss 遭受损失
make up for the loss 弥补损失
(2)be lost in 全神贯注于；沉浸于
[板块二 重点句式——句句通]
1．句型公式：“There comes a time when...”意为“……的时代已经到来”
(教材原句)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
新旧更替的时代已经到来，我们在走向未来的过程中，不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①There comes a time when people know clearly it is important to prevent our cultural relics from being damaged.
②There was once a time when women were not allowed to go to school.
③到了我们必须采取有效措施阻止濒危物种消失的时候了。
There comes a time when we must take effective measures to prevent endangered species from disappearing.
(1)This is/was a time when...
There comes a time when... 这是一个……的时期/代。
(2)There was a time when... 曾经一度……；有一段时间……
2．句型公式：“not only...but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”
(教材原句)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not only you but also I am(be) likely to feel nervous when delivering a speech in public.
②我们不仅了解了更多的英国文化和风俗，而且还了解了英国人的生活方式。
Not only did we learn more about English culture and its customs, but we also learnt about the British lifestyle.
③通过和我交流，你不仅可以更多地了解中国，而且还能提高你的汉语水平。
By communicating with me, not only can you learn more about China but improve your Chinese.
(1)连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与but (also)后面的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”；
(2)在连接两个并列句且not only 置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but (also)后面的句子不倒装。
——————————· 课堂微练·题题过 ·——————————
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．economic development 经济发展
2．a big challenge 一项巨大的挑战
3．produce electricity 发电
4．destroy cultural relics 摧毁文物
5．turn to the United Nations/UN for help 向联合国寻求帮助
6．raise funds within the international community 在国际范围内筹集资金
7．be taken down piece by piece 逐块拆解
8．countless cultural relics 不计其数的文物
9．be considered a great success 被视为一个巨大的成功
10．provide a solution 提供一个解决方案
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The British and the Americans not only speak the same language but (also)(不仅说同一种语言，而且) share a large number of social customs.
2．He made a proposal(提出建议) that more after-class activities should be organized.
3．They are conducting an experiment(做实验) to prove that the former result is wrong.
4．You are working so hard. You had better keep a balance (保持平衡) between work and relaxation.
5．Too much work and too little rest often lead to (导致) illness.
6．After the terrible accident，the police turned to (求助) local people for some clues.
课时规范训练(二)
层级一 基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His proposal that the old tower should be preserved at once attracted the government's attention.
2．The young man attempted to pass the driving test, but failed.
3．Don't put the medicine within children's reach.
4．He cut off the electricity quickly，which prevented a terrible accident.
5．The school has established (建立) a successful relationship with the local community.
6．The committee(委员会) of International Culture Week has planned plenty of exciting activities.
7．I thought this festival would be a worthwhile(值得的) experience for you.
8．These eighteen-century oil paintings are preserved(保存) so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Keeping a balanced(balance) diet and taking exercise regularly is considered as a healthy lifestyle.
2．It is Ms. Wang who is always ready to give me right guidance when I am at a loss(lose).
3．Some men make their living by playing football；we call them professional(profession) footballers.
4．Schools encourage students to put forward creative(create) ideas to deal with daily waste.
5．It is likely that the donation(donate) in the form of funds will come in one week.
6．To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia.
7．With your encouragement, it's certain that we are more likely to succeed(succeed).
8．My proposal is that we (should) establish(establish) our own student organization.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．为了防止一些工厂破坏环境，当地政府不应该向他们让步。
To prevent some factories from damaging the environment, the local government shouldn't give way to them.
2．在经济发展和环境保护之间保持平衡是一个需要探索的问题。
Keeping the balance between economic development and the protection of the environment is a problem to be explored.
3．在这个领域，大部分工作由机器人完成的时代已经来临。
There comes a time when most of the work is done by robots in this field.
4．另外，通过读这本书，你可能从现在起爱上阅读。
Besides, by reading the book, you are likely to love reading from now on.
5．我不但了解了你们的许多文化，而且交了很多朋友。(倒装句)
Not only did I learn quite a lot about your culture but I also made many friends. 层级二 素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When Caster Pettway, 67, was a girl, there were always quilts around. They were on the beds and sofas in her house. Sometimes，her mother would hang a quilt outside to show it off to the neighbors. She always seemed to be making a new one. “And everybody in every house did the same thing，” Pettway says.
Pettway grew up in the 1960s in Gee's Bend, Alabama, a tiny community on the Alabama River. Now, it is seen as the birthplace of an important art form.
Women in Gee's Bend took up quilting sometime in the 1800s. They made quilts out of necessity: They needed them to keep warm. They didn't have proper fabric, so they cut up old clothing and sewed the pieces together. They didn't use designs seen in traditional quilts. They cut their fabric into large, often irregular shapes. Their large, beautiful quilts were unlike any others in the world.
In 1998, art collector William Arnett saw a photo of a Gee's Bend quilt. He was so impressed that he visited the town and bought the quilt. He returned again and again. In 2002, Arnett showed these quilts in museums around the country. They took the art world by storm. Many experts compared the Gee's Bend quilts to paintings by European artists. A writer for the New York Times called the quilts “some of the most wonderful works of modern art America has produced”．
Today, locals are making sure that quilting improves their lives. In February, Gee's Bend quilters began selling their work online for the first time. Leaders are promoting the town as a tourist town. This has encouraged the next generation to carry on the tradition. Pettway says some of her young family members have taken up quilting. “And I'll tell you what，” she says. “They're getting pretty good.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了吉斯·本德被子是如何从普通物品发展成艺术品的。
1．Which of the following best describes Gee's Bend quilts in the 1960s
A．They didn't sell well.
B．They cost a lot to make.
C．They weren't popular with locals.
D．They could be seen in every family.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，在卡斯特·佩特威的童年生活里，被子是随处可见的，几乎每家每户都在做新被子。
2．How were Gee's Bend quilts different from traditional ones
A．They had a unique style.
B．They had very regular shapes.
C．They were made of fine fabric.
D．They were made by famous artists.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They didn't have proper fabric ...cut their fabric into large, often irregular shapes.”可知，与传统的被子相比，这个小镇上的人们做的被子样式独特。
3．What did Arnett think of Gee's Bend quilts
A．They were works of art.
B．They were nothing special.
C．They would go out of style.
D．They would be big business.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In 1998, art collector William Arnett saw a photo of a Gee's Bend quilt. He was so impressed...around the country.”可知，艺术收藏家威廉·阿内特看到一张这个小镇被子的照片后，被深深地吸引了，然后探访了该镇并购买了被子。由此可推知，他认为这些被子是艺术品。
4．What can we infer about Gee's Bend quilting from the last paragraph
A．It will die out in the near future.
B．It will be included in local school courses.
C．It will make no difference to the community.
D．It will be passed down to the younger generation.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Leaders are promoting...some of her young family members have taken up quilting.”可推断，这个小镇上制作被子的传统将会传承给年轻一代。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Standing on the top of Mount Tai, I watched the sun rising through the cloud and appearing in the sky.I have seen many __1__， but I can feel that seeing one from the top of Mount Tai must be one of the best ways to __2__ the beauty of nature.
When I left for China, the__3__ of climbing Mount Tai had not even hit me.I was going to China to __4__ its language, history and culture and have a better understanding of international agricultural trade between my country and China.
Now I have__5__ in China for a few weeks.In Beijing, my group has __6__ friendship with many Chinese students.Through our broken Chinese and their __7__ English, we can still teach each other about our cultures.We __8__ that we are all just students working towards the same__9__ of having careers, families and lives and trying to make the world better.Cultural differences seem __10__—even the language almost completely differs from our own.But their daily lives are similar to ours.__11__， people are concerned about the same things we do here.They __12__ food safety and feel the effects of the economic markets.
This__13__ makes me realize how many cultures my country has in common with other countries.More importantly, it offers me a sudden __14__ for travel, and I'm looking forward to having more __15__ to engage in cross-cultural communication and learning.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了通过到中国旅行，作者对旅行产生了渴望，并期待有更多机会进行跨文化交流和学习。
1．A.mountains B．tops
C．sunrises D．clouds
解析：C 由上文“Standing on the top of Mount Tai, I watched the sun rising through the cloud and appearing in the sky.”可知，此处指看日出，故选C。
2．A.describe B．select
C．imagine D．experience
解析：D 由上文“but I can feel that seeing one from the top of Mount Tai must be one of the best ways to”和下文“ the beauty of nature”可知，作者认为从泰山顶上看日出一定是体验大自然美的最好方式之一，故选D。
3．A.thought B．atmosphere
C．task D．pattern
解析：A 由下文“of climbing Mount Tai had not even hit me”可知，此处指作者去爬泰山的想法，故选A。
4．A.discover B．study
C．spread D．update
解析：B 由下文“its language, history and culture”可知，作者到中国是为了学习中国的语言、历史和文化，故选B。
5．A.communicated B．harvested
C．stayed D．stopped
解析：C 根据上文“When I left for China”和下文“in China for a few weeks”可知，作者来到中国，在中国逗留了几周，故选C。
6．A.developed B．sought
C．kept D．showed
解析：A 由下文“friendship with many Chinese students”可知，作者的团队成员与许多中国学生建立了友谊，故选A。
7．A.clear B．typical
C．poor D．unique
解析：C 由上文“Through our broken Chinese”和下文的“English”以及“we can still teach each other about our cultures”可知，作者汉语不好，与作者交流的中国学生英语不好，但是他们仍旧可以相互传授自己的文化，故选C。
8．A.assume B．realize
C．claim D．expect
解析：B 由下文“that we are all just students working towards the same__9__of having careers, families and lives and trying to make the world better”可知，作者和中国学生意识到他们之间有共同的目标，故选B。
9．A.feature B．reason
C．function D．goal
解析：D 由下文“of having careers, families and lives and trying to make the world better”可知，这些是他们共同的目标，故选D。
10．A.amazing B．striking
C．shallow D．terrible
解析：B 由下文“even the language almost completely differs from our own”可知，文化差异很惊人，故选B。
11．A.In addition B．In relief
C．In brief D．In return
解析：A 由上文“But their daily lives are similar to ours.”可知，空前和空后都是在介绍共同之处，此处表示“此外”，故选A。
12．A.suffer from B．wait for
C．figure out D．worry about
解析：D 由下文“food safety and feel the effects of the economic markets”可知，人们关心食品安全问题，故选D。
13．A.adventure B．course
C．climbing D．journey
解析：D 由第二段提到的“When I left for China”和下文“for travel”可知，此处指到中国的这次旅行，故选D。
14．A.desire B．duty
C．challenge D．change
解析：A 由下文“I'm looking forward to having more __15__ to engage in cross-cultural communication and learning”可知，作者对旅行产生了渴望，期待能有更多机会去进行跨文化交流和学习，故选A。
15．A.effects B．measures
C．opportunities D．applications
解析：C 由上文“I'm looking forward to having more”和下文“to engage in cross-cultural communication and learning”可知，作者期待能有更多机会去进行跨文化交流和学习，故选C。Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
限制性定语从句(3)
观察下列课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能
1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
2．Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage.
3．After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
4．Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.
[我的感悟]
一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
1．限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语；如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。
This is the best novel that I have ever read.
这是我看过的最好的小说。
I'll never forget the days in which/when I stayed there last year.
我永远也忘不了去年待在那里的那段日子。
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.
我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造很多噪声。
2．非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加的补充说明；如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清晰、完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。
The novel，which I read last night，is very interesting.
我昨天晚上读的那部小说非常有趣。
Her sister，who teaches us English, will go abroad next year.
她的姐姐教我们英语，明年将出国。
[即学即练1]——完成句子
①她找到了那条她两周前丢失的项链。
She has found the necklace(that/which) she lost two weeks ago．
②在地震中幸存的那位女士是埃米的英语老师。
The woman who/that survived the earthquake is Amy's English teacher.
③我盼望参加将于6月19日在学校报告厅举行的活动。
I'm looking forward to taking part in the activity which/that will be held in the school lecture hall on June 19.
二、限制性定语从句的两种用法
1．定语从句中的关系代词用that而不用which的情况
(1)当先行词是all, much, little, few, everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。
There is nothing that we can do now.
现在我们什么也做不了。
(2)当先行词被the only, the last, the very 等修饰时。
This is the very issue that I want to put forward at tomorrow's meeting.
这正是我想在明天的会议上提出的问题。
(3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the worst loss that I have ever suffered.
这是我所经历过的最严重的损失。
(4)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in Taian was Mount Tai.
他们在泰安参观的第一个地方是泰山。
(5)当先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
My mother and her old friends talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
我妈妈和她的老朋友们谈论了一些她们记忆中学校里的人和事。
(6)who/which引导的特殊疑问句中，为避免重复，用that引导定语从句。
Who is the boy that won the gold medal
赢得金牌的男孩是谁？
[即学即练2]——完成句子
①这是我参观过的最大的主题公园。
This is the biggest theme park that I have visited．
②她把自己感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in．
③聊天是她唯一的最感兴趣的事。
Chatting was the only thing that interested her most.
2．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。
选用介词的四个依据：
(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。
Yesterday we visited the Daming Lake，for which Jinan is famous.
昨天我们参观了大明湖，济南因其而出名。(be famous for...意为“因……而出名”)
(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera意为“用照相机”)
The boss in whose company Mr.King worked heard about the accident.
金先生所在公司的老板听说了这起事故。(in the boss' company意为“在这个老板的公司”)
(3)根据句子的意思。
On New Year's Eve, we will go outside to set off fire works, after which we will come home to make dumplings.
在除夕夜，我们会到外面燃放烟花爆竹，之后我们就回家包水饺。
(4)表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。
There are 50 students in our class，all of whom work hard and behave well.
在我们班有50名学生，我们都努力学习，并且表现良好。
[指津] 在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不能拆开使用，如look after，look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。
The old people whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)
The old people after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误)
[即学即练3]——用适当的关系词或介词填空
①Chinese medicine is part of the traditional Chinese culture, the value of which is gradually recognized by the world.
②You should make some Chinese friends with whom you can communicate frequently.
③The woman writer wrote many children's books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.
④I'd like you to explain the reason for which you were late for the meeting.
entrance n．入口；进入；进入资格；进入许可
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①If you are free, I'll meet you at the entrance (enter) to the music hall at 7：00 this evening.
②我很高兴告诉你一些关于高考的事情。
I am very delighted to tell you something about the College Entrance Examination．
(1)the entrance to... ……的入口
the college entrance examination 高考
(2)enter vi.& vt. 进入
——————————· 课堂微练·题题过 ·——————————
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I can't believe the restaurant at which I have eaten such wonderful meals is going to close down.
2．We've planned to hold an English drama festival, whose theme is Love English & Love Drama.
3．We will be shown around some places where visitors seldom go.
4．The lab where the chemist often does experiments is not far from here.
5．The reason why I was late was that my car broke down on the way.
Ⅱ.用定语从句合并句子
1．The man lives opposite our house.He is an archaeologist.
→The man who/that lives opposite our house is an archaeologist.
2．He will visit the famous dam in two weeks.It was built in 1900.
→He will visit the famous dam which/that was built in 1900 in two weeks.
3．I still remember the day.On the day I was promoted as the manager of this department.
→I still remember the day when/on which I was promoted as the manager of this department．
课时规范训练(三)
层级一 基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Mother is the person who/that makes great contributions to the family.
2．The Spring Festival is a time when the family members get together.
3．The dictionary is a tool which/that helps us (to) learn a language.
4．The English Speech Contest is an activity where we can practice our spoken English.
5．I will never forget the days when we studied together at school.
6．His illness was the reason why he had given up the chance.
7．The first English novel that I read was The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.
8．Zhang Guimei is a woman whose name is known all over the country, who makes great contributions to education.
9．This is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.
10．We have a small garden in which we grow vegetables all the year round.
11．September 25th is her birthday，which we will never forget.
12．You mentioned lots of places of interest in my hometown, most of which I've never been to.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．据我所知，他是一个很难相处的人。
As far as I know, he is a man who/that is hard to get along with．
2．我希望你能帮助我们班的学生更多地了解英语和西方文化，这可以促进我们彼此的了解。
I hope you can help the students in our class to learn more about English and Western culture，which can promote our understanding of each other．
3．众所周知，中国是一个拥有丰富的文化遗产的国家。
It's known to all that China is a country which/that has rich cultural heritage．
4．我写信的目的是向您解释一下我上次上您的课迟到的原因。
I'm writing to explain to you the reason why/for which I was late for your lecture last time.
5．许多科学家认为地球不太可能是唯一一个生命逐渐形成的星球。
Many scientists believe that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet where/on which life has developed gradually.
6．这位作家写了很多深受年轻读者喜欢的著名小说。
The writer has written many famous novels that/which are popular with young readers．
Ⅲ.用限制性定语从句完成下面的短文
The ancient temple 1.which was built on a high mountain (建立在高山上的) dates back to 600 years ago.It is one of the most famous cultural relics 2.which should be preserved well(应该被好好保护).The mountain 3.where the temple stands(寺庙所在的) is also famous for it.The reason 4.why ancient people built it here (为什么古人在这里建造它)isn't clear.People nowadays still think highly of the people 5. that/who built it creatively(创造性建造它的人).The committee 6.which/that was established by the local cultural department(当地文化部门建立的) is trying to prevent it from being destroyed.
层级二 素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Thanks to Ron Reeleder, there are Canadian hockey jerseys in many places around the world. The Canadian cook has been collecting hockey jerseys that have otherwise been collecting dust in Canadians' basements. He takes them on his travels around the world, handing them out to kids and teaching them the beloved Canadian street hockey.
His handing out second-hand hockey jerseys started in 2010 while on a trip to Mt. Kilimanjaro to raise money for people with serious diseases. After climbing, his group went to visit a local school. He found many Canadians were handing out small items, including soccer jerseys. “Why are they handing out soccer jerseys？” Reeleder asked himself. “We are from Canada. We should hand out hockey jerseys.” Later, Reeleder founded Hockey Jerseys for Hope to continue his mission.
On his another trip to Mt. Everest Base Camp，Reeleder brought a few hockey jerseys to hand out. Since that trip, the project has turned into something huge, and so far Reeleder has given out about 13，000 used jerseys and hockey equipment around the world.
“As Canadians, we have millions of these things just taking up space in our basements. No one knows what to do with them，” he said, adding that jerseys are a perfect hand-me-down because they are durable and breathable, not to mention colour—something all kids love. “The kids just light up when they get a jersey. It's the best feeling，” said Reeleder.
Next week, he will travel to India, and will bring ten bags of jerseys and equipment，as well as other clothing items. Reeleder wants to visit the first-ever India women's ice hockey team, and maybe he'll start a game of ball hockey outside the Taj Mahal.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罗恩·瑞莱德收集二手加拿大曲棍球球衣，然后把它们赠送给世界上很多地方的孩子的故事。
1．What do we know about Ron Reeleder
A．He gives out used hockey jerseys to kids.
B．He collects hockey jerseys to resell them.
C．He enjoys wearing hockey jerseys on his travels.
D．He wants to share his travel stories with kids.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He takes them on his travels around the world, handing them out to kids...”可知，瑞莱德带着这些闲置的曲棍球球衣环游世界，把它们分发给孩子们。
2．What caused Reeleder to found Hockey Jerseys for Hope
A．His desire to help sick people.
B．A voluntary travel experience.
C．The advice given by his climbing group.
D．Young Canadians' poor living conditions.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...while on a trip to Mt. Kilimanjaro...After climbing...to continue his mission.”可知，瑞莱德在公益旅行中的所见所闻使他萌生了创建Hockey Jerseys for Hope来赠送曲棍球球衣的想法。
3．What can we say about Reeleder's work
A．It wins him many material rewards.
B．It is successful and meaningful.
C．It fails to get support from his community.
D．It enables kids to be good at playing hockey.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，瑞莱德赠送的13 000件曲棍球球衣和设备帮助了一些家庭和孩子，因此他的工作是成功且有意义的。
4．What is probably Reeleder's aim of traveling around the world
A．To help improve kids' health.
B．To raise money for his project.
C．To spread the culture of Canadian hockey.
D．To persuade people to protect the environment.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，曲棍球是加拿大的代表性运动，瑞莱德向世界各地的孩子赠送曲棍球球衣及装备，让他们熟悉和热爱这项运动，因此他环游世界的目的是传播加拿大的曲棍球文化。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In the past, the world could be a dangerous place. There were lots of wars.__1__One solution was to build a wall all around one's town or city.
One of the best examples of a walled city is Carcassonne in southern France.__2__ But then around 100 BCE the Romans came and began building fortifications. Over the next 2，000 years, control of the area changed hands several times, with each new ruler adding more walls and towers.
__3__ The French made the wall stronger since it was close to the border with Spain. There were wars between France and Spain. Carcassonne ended up with a 3-kilometer-long double wall with 53 towers.
During the 1600s, the area became less important strategically and the castle fell into ruin. In fact, the French government wanted to tear down the castle in 1849.__4__ Instead, the structure was restored and preserved for future generations.
Since 1997，it has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Now, the wall is no longer needed for defense.__5__ The wall's main job now is to please armies of tourists, instead of stopping armies of soldiers!
A．Who built the walls at first
B．How could people protect themselves
C．But the public were strongly against the decision.
D．Carcassonne has become a popular tourist destination.
E．At one time, it was just a small, sleepy town on a hilltop.
F．The best way to reach Carcassonne is through the waterway.
G．As centuries passed, Carcassonne grew into a city and became part of France.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了法国世界文化遗产卡尔卡松。
1．解析：B 下文中的“One solution was to build a wall all around one's town or city.”与B项为语义上的顺承关系，是对B项的具体解释。
2．解析：E 下文中的“But then around 100 BCE the Romans came and began building fortifications.”与E项为转折关系，E项中的“small，sleepy town”与文中“building fortifications”形成对比。
3．解析：G 下文中的“The French made the wall stronger since it was close to the border with Spain.”与G项为语义上的顺承关系。G项中的“France”与文中“French”为复现关系。
4．解析：C 上文中的“In fact, the French government wanted to tear down the castle in 1849.”与C项为转折关系，对比了法国政府和民众对待卡尔卡松城堡的不同态度。下文的“Instead, the structure was restored and preserved for future generations.”是对C项的具体解释。
5．解析：D D项与下文中的“The wall's main job now is to please armies...armies of soldiers！”为语义上的顺承关系。D项中的“tourist”与下文中的“tourists”为原词复现关系，介绍了卡尔卡松目前的状况。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A great many researchers and 1.________(scientist) from different countries are working together to help increase knowledge of 2.________(appreciate) of China's ancient cultural heritage.They 3.________(produce) nearly 500，000 high-quality digital photos of the Mogao Caves up to now.Today tourists 4.________ all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the Mogao Caves because they have long been 5.________meeting point for different cultures and are part of the history of many countries.By 6.________(share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even 7.________(wide) interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, 8.________ traditions.They also hope to 9.________(far) educate people about the importance of safeguarding 10.________(history) and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍来自不同国家的许多研究人员和科学家为帮助提高对中国古代文化遗产的认识所做的努力。
1．解析：scientists 考查名词复数。设空处和researchers共同作主语，前面有a great many，应用名词复数形式，故填scientists。
2．解析：appreciation 考查名词。设空处在介词of后，应用名词作宾语。故填appreciation。
3．解析：have produced 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语up to now，可知应用现在完成时，主语是they，谓语应用复数形式，故填have produced。
4．解析：from 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用介词，表示“来自”，故填from。
5．解析：a 考查冠词。设空处修饰名词短语meeting point，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，并且meeting发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
6．解析：sharing 考查动名词。设空处为介词by的宾语，应用动名词， 故填sharing。
7．解析：wider 考查比较级。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词interest，作定语，应用形容词，根据句意和前面的even可知应用比较级，故填wider。
8．解析：and 考查连词。分析可知，history, culture和traditions并列作宾语，应用and连接，故填and。
9．解析：further 考查比较级。设空处修饰动词educate，表示“更进一步地”，故填further。
10．解析：historic 考查形容词。设空处和cultural并列修饰名词relics，作定语，应用形容词，故填historic。开篇·把握单元目标
文化意识 了解中外文化遗产的历史，能够结合自己的生活，积极思考如何力所能及地参与文化遗产的保护，并付诸行动。
思维品质 学会客观理性地分析文化遗产保护所面临的各种问题，提出合理的解决方案，培养批判性思维和创新思维能力。
学习能力 能够理解事件发生的顺序及事件之间的相互联系。
语言 能力 单词 creative；former；preserve；promote；application；balance；proposal；protest；likely；committee；establish；limit；prevent；loss；contribution；fund；investigate；conduct；donate；disappear；attempt；worthwhile；professional；process；dragon；forgive；quality；tradition；further；opinion；forever
短语 take part in；give way to；keep a balance；lead to；make a proposal；turn to；prevent ...from ...；donate ...to ...；make sure；all over the world
语法 限制性定语从句(3)
写作 关于文化遗产保护的新闻报道Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
Task Ⅰ 文本微观剖析——细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What is the news report mainly about
A．Chinese researchers' contributions.
B．The Mogao Caves of China.
C．High-quality digital photos.
D．International communication.
2．What are the researchers and scientists trying to do
A．To help people understand and appreciate China's Mogao Caves.
B．To work together to find more information about the Silk Road.
C．To raise money to rebuild the Mogao Caves of China.
D．To start an international project to protect the Mogao Caves.
3．What modern technology are scientists using
A．The computer.
B．The Internet.
C．A copy of caves.
D．High-quality digital photography.
4．What do you think of the researcher's opinion in the last paragraph
A．It's right. B．It's wrong.
C．It's puzzling. D．It's foolish.
答案：1～4 BADA
Task Ⅱ 课文语法填空
A group of researchers and scientists from home and abroad are 1.________(dedicate) to increasing knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage.They record and collect digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves，2.________ important stop along the Silk Road in ancient China.The Mogao Caves are 3.________ great significance to cultures，4.________ are as international as ever，with tourists from all over the world 5.________(visit) Dunhuang Mogao Caves.
The group shares many digital 6.________(photo) online, hoping to promote the spread of China's ancient history，culture，and traditions around the world.They also expect people 7.________(know)more about the importance of protecting historic and cultural heritage.As one researcher 8.________(put) it，appreciating one's own 9.________(culture) heritage helps to understand oneself while knowing about other countries' helps to promote international 10.________(communicate).
答案：1.dedicated 2.an 3.of 4.which
5．visiting 6.photos 7.to know 8.puts
9．cultural munication
[板块一 单词短语——点点清]
1．forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅( forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I hope you can forgive me for not keeping my word.
②They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness(forgive).
③我真诚地希望你能够原谅我所做的事。
I sincerely hope that you can forgive me for what I did．
forgive sb for (doing) sth 原谅某人(做)某事
forgive sb's doing sth 原谅某人做某事
2．quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征adj.优质的；高质量的
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The potatoes are good in quality and popular among the local people.
②The professional player has many good qualities(quality) and has made a great contribution to sports.
③我的目标是为我的孩子提供高质量的生活。
My goal is to provide my children with a life of high quality．
of good/poor/high quality 质量好/差/高的
improve the quality of life 提高生活质量
in quality 在质量上
3．tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗( traditional adj.传统的；惯例的)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①By tradition, children can get money in red paper during the Spring Festival.
②The Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most popular traditional(tradition) festivals celebrated in China.
③燃放烟花迎接新年是我们中国人的一种传统。
It is a tradition for us Chinese to set off fireworks to welcome the new year.
It is a tradition to do sth 做某事是一种传统。
by tradition 按照传统；根据习俗
4．opinion n．意见；想法；看法
[练透]——单句语法填空/词汇升级
①People still have different opinions(opinion) on whether students can bring cell phones to school.
②All students who have an opinion on the activity are welcome to join in the discussion.
③In my opinion, whether I can win the competition or not doesn't matter as long as I try my best.
→In my view/As far as I'm concerned, whether I can win the competition or not doesn't matter as long as I try my best.
in one's opinion＝in one's view/as far as sb be concerned 在某人看来
have an opinion/opinions on... 对……有看法/意见
hold the opinion that... 认为……；持有……的看法
5．contrast n．对比；对照vt.对比；对照
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①If you contrast some of her early writing with her later work, you can see just how much she improved.
②By contrast, the proposals he raised in the discussion are worth considering.
③与都市生活相比，在乡村的时间似乎过得很慢。
In contrast to/with city life, time seemed to pass slowly in the countryside.
by contrast＝by/in comparison 相比之下
in contrast with/to... 与……对比起来；与……形成对比
contrast...with... 对比……与……
[板块二 重点句式——句句通]
1．句型公式：“It is said that ...”意为“据说……”
(教材原句)It is said that it's a mirror that can tell right from wrong!
据说它是一面能分辨是非的镜子！
[练透]——句型转换
① It is said that our team will be trained every day after school from tomorrow to win the game.
→Our team is said to be trained every day after school from tomorrow to win the game.
②It is reported that many a new house has been built in the disaster area.
→Many a new house is reported to have been built in the disaster area.
③People suggest that the school (should) give students more free time to take part in sports activities.
→It is suggested that the school (should) give students more free time to take part in sports activities.
(1)It is said that ...＝Sb/Sth is said to do ...意为“据说……”。其中，it为形式主语，指代that引导的从句，动词不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
(2)用于本句型的动词还有think, believe，expect, report, consider, suppose等。
(3)It is suggested/hoped that ...不能转换成“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do ...”结构。
2．句型公式：“as ...as ...”意为“和……一样……”，表示同级比较
(教材原句)Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.
今天，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。
[练透]——完成句子
①如果你想和我一样过上健康的生活，你最好每天有规律地锻炼身体。
If you want to live as healthy a life as I do, you'd better take regular exercise every day.
②事实上，精神健康和身体健康一样重要。
As a matter of fact, mental health is as important as physical health．
(1)“as＋形容词＋as”意为“和……一样……”。
(2)“as＋形容词＋a/an＋名词＋as ...”中的形容词只能是原级。
3．句型公式：“neither...nor...”意为“既不……也不……”
(教材原句)Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei's photos can help us remember them.
人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住它们。
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not the students but our maths teacher is (be) looking forward to seeing the film at the moment.
②Neither he nor his parents are (be)going to have a picnic tomorrow.
③放学后，我通常要么去“英语角”，要么去体育馆。
I often go to either the English Corner or the gym after school.
本句中的“Neither...nor...”连接的是句子的两个主语，句子的谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“主谓一致”中的“就近原则”。
遵循“就近原则”的结构还有：
(1)not...but...不是……而是……
(2)not only...but also...不但……而且……
(3)either...or...不是……就是……
——————————· 课堂微练·题题过 ·——————————
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．work together 合作
2．China's ancient cultural heritage 中国古代文化遗产
3．collect digital images 收集数码图像
4．travel the Silk Road 丝绸之路旅行
5．all over the world 在世界各地
6．appreciate one's own cultural heritage 欣赏自己的文化遗产
7．increase knowledge and appreciation of... 加强对……方面的认识与鉴赏力
8．work on the project 从事该项目
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Farming plays an important role/part(起重要作用) in our country's economy.
2．People from all over the world(在世界各地) have different opinions on the dragon.
3．In my opinion(在我看来), we should try to preserve the traditional culture.
4．In comparison with (与……相比) others，the little girl has a gift for promoting digital products.
5．As far as I am concerned, Tony is as clever a boy as his brother(和他哥哥一样聪明的男孩).
课时规范训练(四)
层级一 基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Upon arrival, we found the goods were of poor quality．
2．In China, it is a tradition to respect the old and love the young.
3．Since we all live under one roof, we should learn how to get along with one another.
4．Please forgive me for not being able to attend your birthday party.
5．Everything changes a lot with time; only love will last forever(永远).
6．The news that he will work overseas has spread throughout(遍及) the small village where he is living.
7．Poor air quality is considered one of the biggest public health issues(重要议题) now facing the UK.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I encourage you to come to China for further(far) education for the following reasons.
2．Depending on their professional(profession) skills, they quickly prevented the fire from spreading.
3．In my opinion，these traditional(tradition) customs should be preserved.
4．I think he should be forgiven(forgive) for the mistake, which didn't cause much loss.
5．In comparison(compare) with others, the little girl has a gift for music.
6．On arrival at the ancient village, you can find many cultural(culture) relics.
7．There is something wrong with the app downloaded(download) on the Internet.
8．They are still searching for the missing boy, whose disappearance (disappear) has made his parents worried.
Ⅲ.单句写作增分练——新闻报道
1．据报道，首批参加冬奥会的运动员已抵达北京奥运村，他们受到了热烈欢迎。
It is reported that the first group of athletes attending the Winter Olympics have arrived in the Beijing Olympic Village，where they received a warm welcome．
2．与其他运动员相比，他们来得早一些。
In comparison with other athletes，they arrived a little earlier.
3．他们很高兴，因为奥运村的所有设施都是高质量的。
They are happy that all the facilities in the Olympic Village are of high quality．
4．他们称赞酒店住起来更舒适。
They praise that the hotels are more comfortable to live in．
5．他们对志愿服务表示满意，并感谢得到这么多的帮助。
They expressed their satisfaction with the voluntary service and appreciated being given so much help．
层级二 素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Ah，the dream of traveling and going to places while getting paid! Is it too good to be true Apparently not! Nowadays there are jobs that will give you the privilege of traveling — and they pay well，too.Get to learn some of them.
Tour Guide
There are so many tour guide openings today.You can either freelance，using the web to attract clients，or you can apply to an already established tour company.A degree would give you an edge on this job but it is really unnecessary.All you need is to be as bilingual as possible，learn something about the place and share a particular skill or hobby with your clients.
Flight Attendant
Most of the travelling time of flight attendants is spent inside airplanes，but they still get 12－24 hours for each trip to visit the countries and places they are assigned to.Plus，they also get free/discounted flights for their friends and families，not to mention the honor of meeting people—even celebrities—on each flight.
Archaeologist/Geologist
Becoming an archaeologist or a geologist takes some time and money，but once you get your degree，you will be in demand.The lack of experts in both professions makes those who are in the field very precious.They support their travel studies via the hunt for fossil-fuel energy or proof of Greek mythology.Exploration geologists also get to travel to some of the most remote regions on Earth.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了导游、空乘人员以及考古学家或地质学家三种职业类型。
1．What do you need to be a tour guide
A．Something about the destination.
B．An application to a company.
C．Special interest in your clients.
D．A good knowledge of English.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“All you need is to be as bilingual as possible，learn something about the place and share a particular skill or hobby with your clients.”可知，当导游需要对客户特别感兴趣。故选C。
2．What's the advantage as flight attendants
A．They can travel to countries they like.
B．They can have a photo with celebrities.
C．They take all the flights for free.
D．They can get free/discounted flights for their families.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Plus，they also get free/discounted flights for their friends and families，not to mention the honor of meeting people — even celebrities — on each flight.”可知，空乘人员的优势是可以为家人拿到免费或打折机票。故选D。
3．Why is an archaeologist or a geologist precious
A．Their degrees are hard to acquire.
B．They support their travel studies on their own.
C．There is a lack of experts in both professions.
D．They can travel to some of the most remote regions.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The lack of experts in both professions makes those who are in the field very precious.”可知，考古学家或地质学家是宝贵的因为这两个行业都缺乏专家。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A heart-broken grandmother has had a reunion with her beloved pet dog. Violetta, 86, ran away from her hometown when the war __1__. She was determined to take her dog Tasha with her, but her efforts came to a tearful end, and they were forced to __2__. Tasha was left to strangers. Yesterday, the pair __3__ met again, thanks to the help of kind strangers who have worked together to __4__ the dog 1，800 miles.
Violetta's family traveled to Ireland__5__ safety. Despite arriving safely, the 86-year-old couldn't __6__ talking about her “best friend” Tasha. A local charity worker, Debbie Deegan, who helped the family to get to Ireland, made it her __7__ to reunite the heart-broken pair.
She said, “Violetta was quite__8__ about the whole thing and by the time they got to Romania they weren't __9__ to manage the dog so they gave it to a Romanian family. She was __10__. She told me Tasha was her best friend.”
Debbie said, “We__11__ a travel company for help. However, they could only get her as far as the UK, so it took one last huge __12__ to deliver her to Dublin.”
Then Debbie's friend, John D'Arcy, from Waterford, offered to go to England to__13__ Tasha. On Saturday, John traveled with a friend by ship to England to get Tasha.
And yesterday, Debbie__14__ the news on the Internet that Violetta had been reunited with Tasha at last—and the pair couldn't look __15__ about it.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。维奥莱塔一家在战争爆发时逃离到爱尔兰，途中不得不把心爱的狗留在了罗马尼亚，慈善工作者黛比·迪根多方运筹，在多位善良的陌生人的共同努力下，将狗运送了1800 英里，使维奥莱塔和塔莎团聚。
1．A.finished up B．went out
C．died down D．broke out
解析：D 根据语境，维奥莱塔逃离家乡是因为战争，the war常与broke out搭配，意为“战争爆发”。
2．A.meet B．separate
C．return D．hide
解析：B 句意：她决定带着她的狗塔莎一起走，但她的努力以含泪告终，她们被迫分开。A.meet见面；B.separate分开；C.return返回；D.hide隐藏。
3．A.quickly B．properly
C．finally D．immediately
解析：C 根据下文“thanks to the help of kind strangers who have worked together to__4__ the dog 1，800 miles”可知，有人辗转千里，把塔莎送上了门，维奥莱塔和塔莎最终见了面。
4．A.deliver B．meet
C．see D．find
解析：A 句意：感谢善良的陌生人的帮助，他们共同努力将狗运送了1800英里，昨天，他们终于又见面了。deliver为复现词，故选A项。
5．A.in control of B．in search of
C．in honor of D．in case of
解析：B 句意：维奥莱塔一家前往爱尔兰寻求安全。A.in control of控制；B.in search of寻找；C.in honor of以纪念；D.in case of万一。
6．A.mind B．allow
C．keep D．help
解析：D 根据上文“She was determined to take her dog Tasha with her, but her efforts came to a tearful end, and they were forced to __2__. Tasha was left to strangers.”可知，维奥莱塔把塔莎当作最好的朋友，原本想带着塔莎逃亡，最终狗却留给了陌生人，所以会经常想起，忍不住念叨这只狗。此处考查couldn't help doing sth，意为“忍不住做某事” 。
7．A.task B．decision
C．need D．habit
解析：A 根据下文“Debbie said, ‘We __11__ a travel company for help. However, they could only get her as far as the UK, so it took one last huge __12__ to deliver her to Dublin.’”可知，从黛比联系旅游公司寻求帮助这一环节可以看出，黛比把使维奥莱塔和塔莎团聚作为自己的任务(task)，一直在操心。
8．A.curious B．angry
C．stressed D．frightened
解析：C 根据上文“She was determined to take her dog Tasha with her, but her efforts came to a tearful end, and they were forced to __2__. Tasha was left to strangers.”可知，维奥莱塔想带着狗逃亡，途中却出现状况，不得不和狗分开了，因此维奥莱塔变得很焦虑(stressed)。
9．A.willing B．reasonable
C．able D．likely
解析：C 根据句中“so they gave it to a Romanian family”可知，维奥莱塔在逃亡中无力携带这只狗，不得不将狗送人。
10．A.well-educated B．heart-broken
C．hard-working D．peace-loving
解析：B 根据上文可知，逃亡途中，他们不得不把狗送人，这事令维奥莱塔心碎(heart-broken)，故选B项。
11．A.paid B．thanked
C．required D．contacted
解析：D 根据下一句“However, they could only get her as far as the UK, so it took one last huge __12__ to deliver her to Dublin.”可知，旅游公司能把这只狗从罗马尼亚带出来，尽管只能送到英国，说明这旅游公司是在爱尔兰境外，黛比·迪根需要和这个公司取得联系才能进一步求助，contacted符合语境。
12．A.effort B．promise
C．effect D．strength
解析：A 从英国到爱尔兰的都柏林还有相当长的一段距离，沃特福德的约翰和朋友在运送这条狗的任务中作出了努力(effort)，把狗从英国接到爱尔兰的都柏林。
13．A.calm B．train
C．collect D．feed
解析：C 根据下文“On Saturday，John traveled ... to get Tasha.”可知，get为同义复现词，与collect同为“接”的意思，故选C项。
14．A.shared B．heard
C．received D．copied
解析：A 句意：昨天，黛比在网上分享了维奥莱塔终于和塔莎团聚的消息——这一人一狗看起来非常高兴。根据句中“the news on the Internet”可知，黛比在网上分享(shared)这个事件，故选A项。
15．A.stronger B．healthier
C．nicer D．happier
解析：D 根据上文“Violetta had been reunited with Tasha at last”，维奥莱塔总算和塔莎团聚了，他们都非常开心(happier)。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
你班英语课上将举行主题为“Let's Protect Cultural Heritage Around Us”的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1．说明保护文化遗产的重要性；
2．推荐具体措施。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Let's Protect Cultural Heritage Around Us
Hello, everyone，
I'm glad to stand here and the topic of my speech is “Let's Protect Cultural Heritage Around Us”．__________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
That's all.Thank you.
One possible version：
Let's_Protect_Cultural_Heritage_Around_Us
Hello,_everyone，
I'm_glad_to_stand_here_and_the_topic_of_my_speech_is_“Let's_Protect_Cultural_Heritage_Around_Us”._We all know that cultural heritage, which includes ancient buildings, natural scenery and the wisdom of our ancestors, is the backbone of each country.It can be a reflection of our society, creativity and historic moments.What's more, we can establish a connection between the cultural heritage and certain social values and customs so that we can better know about ourselves.Therefore, each of us has the responsibility to protect it.As for the specific measures, first, when visiting the historic sites, we should follow the rules.Second, we should try to pass the intangible cultural heritage on in our daily lives.
That's all.Thank you.
