人教版（2019）必修 第二册UNIT 3　THE INTERNET 讲义（共7份）

Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
[知能为先——必备知能一站明]
如何辨别句子的重音
句子的重音是有规定的。一般情况下，实词，如名词、行为动词、形容词、副词、数词、疑问词及感叹词都应该重读；而功能词，如连词、介词、冠词、助动词、情态动词、人称代词等都不重读。但是，在实际的对话中，说话人可根据说话的目的及其意图灵活地对任何单词或短语加以重读以进行强调。
The students are honest and diligent.(这句话中的students是名词，honest和diligent是形容词，它们都要重读。the, are, and不重读)
I am so glad to hear that.(这句话中的so, glad, hear, that要重读，而I, am, to不重读)
但是，在下列情况句子中的虚词及助动词也要重读：
1．强调或突出某个虚词或be动词时，应将其重读。
We saw him playing on the playground.(这句话中的We和him一般不重读，但为了表示强调要重读)
2．介词在句首时往往要重读。
In the classroom, there is a computer.(这句话中的In在句首，应重读)
3．be动词及助动词和not结合时要重读。
Didn't he see you yesterday？(这句话中的Didn't要重读)
4．句子末尾的be动词和助动词一般要重读。
—Are you a teacher
—Yes, I am.(这句话中的am要重读)
[指津]　上文刚出现过的并且重读的单词，第二次提到时一般不再重读。
—How many desks are there in the room
—There are fifty desks in it.(问句中的desks重读，但答语中的desks不再重读)
掌握了辨别句子重音的能力，就能很快抓住说话者的目的和意图，就能准确地抓住话语的中心内容和要点，从而快速地做出正确的反应和判断。
[训练为重——能力提升多听说]
Ⅰ.朗读下列句子，并写出其中需要重读的虚词或助动词
1．We saw him playing by the river.(by)
2．On my way to school, my bike was broken.(On)
3．I'm sorry I can't do that.(can't)
4．Didn't I tell you yesterday？(Didn't)
Ⅱ.口语交际训练
汤姆和约翰正在讨论一些有关手机软件的问题。请根据汉语提示补全对话。
Tom：Hey John, there are many apps. Which do you prefer
John：I prefer the app KEEP.1.I'm doing exercise to get in shape (我在为了塑身做运动). It can count every step I take during the day. Besides, it can also 2.keep track of how much I exercise and what I eat (记录下我的运动量和饮食). Using it, I can make a fitness plan.
Tom：I think it must be popular with the people 3.who want to build up their health (想要增强体质的人). I am looking for an app for saving money. Can you recommend one to me
John：Certainly. You can download this one—SAVING. It can help you 4.find discounts and the best price(找到折扣和最优惠的价格) for whatever you want to buy. Every time you pay for something, it will put a little money into your bank account.I think you can save a little money with it.
Tom：Thank you. I will have a try.
chat vi.聊天；闲聊
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Everything done, they sat in the yard, chatting (chat) with the elderly people.
②他的父母想和他聊聊职业选择的问题。
His parents want to have a chat with him about career choice.
(1)chat with sb(about sth ) 与某人闲聊(某事)
(2)n. 聊天；闲聊
have a chat with sb (about sth ) 与某人闲聊(某事)
课时规范训练(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I was born into a family that was short on money but long on seeking knowledge. We had many books. And for me, libraries were a place to get my favourite books.
I got older and did the things most people did. Then one spring and summer my life changed. I lost my wife and retired. I realized that I had more time on my hands than I had things to do. So I took a volunteer job at an organization that sent food, clothes and perhaps some hope to unlucky members of our community. It was, and remains, an excellent organization, but I didn't feel a connection between it and me. I left.
At the same time, I discovered that I was about to lose touch with an old, dear friend. Traditional methods of communication were out of the question. I had only a vague (模糊的) idea of what an email was, and I had no computer. As you might well guess, I had no warm feelings about computers. I had to choose: I could keep the attitude, or keep the friend. No-brainer.
My little library in Camp Verde, Arizona was beginning a computer class designed for beginners. I learned how to email. Having no computer, I had to drive to the library most days to do my emailing. Over a period of time I attracted the attention of Alice, a worker at the library. She felt the library would be the perfect place for me to volunteer.She had a point. I was already there a lot and I enjoyed the people I came in contact with. So I volunteered.
Over the next couple of years, I learned much more about computers in general and finally came to the point where I was actually able to help others with some computer problems. Imagine that!
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述了作者退休后学习电脑技能，通过网络与朋友沟通，并在图书馆做志愿者工作丰富退休生活。
1．What was the author's childhood like
A．He often read books.
B．He seldom went to libraries.
C．He was born in a rich family.
D．He liked doing things few children did.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“long on seeking knowledge. We had many books. And for me, libraries were a place to get my favourite books”可推断，作者喜欢读书，并且经常读书。
2．What did the author think of his first volunteer job
A．He found it enjoyable.
B．He learned a lot from it.
C．He wasn't interested in it.
D．He didn't think it was worth doing.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was, and remains, an excellent organization, but I didn't feel a connection between it and me. I left.”可知，作者对这份志愿者工作不感兴趣。
3．Why did the author decide to learn computer skills
A．To kill time after retirement.
B．To use the library in a smarter way.
C．To keep in touch with an old friend.
D．To satisfy his interest in the Internet.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I discovered that I was about...were out of the question”和“I had to choose: I could keep the attitude, or keep the friend. No-brainer.”可知，作者学习电脑技能是为了和朋友保持联系。
4．What does the underlined part “She had a point.” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Alice's idea was right.
B．Alice's idea was interesting.
C．Alice insisted that she was right.
D．Alice knew what I worried about.
解析：A　句意理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She felt the library would be the perfect place for me to volunteer.”可知，Alice认为作者很适合在图书馆做志愿者；再根据画线部分后一句可知，作者分析了自己适合在图书馆做志愿者的理由，因此可推断，作者认为Alice的想法是有道理的。
B
As for old people, some of the applications are hard to use because they didn't grow up with them.They don't have simple models of how they should work, what to do when something doesn't work or where to go for help.We make it as easy as possible to be used for people who are not familiar with the technology.
I think there is huge potential and we are designing it.The ability to connect to friends, who remember the same movies and news and music, is really important, especially as people get old.They end up in retirement homes and they aren't always close to their friends.Allowing the network to help them connect with friends and family is a really powerful thing.
My mother is an enthusiastic user of the Internet, although it took me years to get her to use e-mail.She was born with normal hearing, but lost it when she was 3.She was totally deaf for many years, until age 53, when she got ear aids.They work really well.That is a big change for her.But before then, her friends couldn't call her on the phone, so they insisted she use e-mail to communicate with them.
Young people don't even think of the Internet as technology.It's just there, and they use it.There's been a very interesting change in communication styles between old people and young people.There are some kids who are now in their teens and aren't willing to make phone calls.And they think of e-mail as old-fashioned and slow.
The reason why teens don't make phone calls seems to be that they don't know what to say.When they call they often stop for a while.They don't know what to say, and there's this silence.On the other hand, texting is considered proper, and it's okay if you don't answer.You might have been distracted.It's not considered rude.But it is considered strange if you're in this kind of voice conversation and simply stop talking.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。对于年长的人来说，一些新的科技对他们来说太复杂了而不能得到充分利用。但是与朋友进行联系是很必要的，于是作者为老年人专门设计了一些应用程序。在本文中作者也对老年人和青少年对电话、网络等的使用进行了比较。
5．We can infer from the passage that the author is a ________．
A．company manager
B．program designer
C．college professor
D．mobile phone designer
解析：B　推理判断题。文章首段提到一些应用程序对老年人来说很复杂，第二段提出“I think there is huge potential and we are designing it.”可推断，作者是一名程序设计师，故选B项。
6．What do the young people think of the Internet according to the passage
A．Interesting.　　　 B．Amazing.
C．Boring. D．Common.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Young people don't even think of the Internet as technology.It's just there, and they use it.”可知，年轻人认为网络是很平常的东西，认为是理所当然的事，故选D项。
7．Why do teens like to send texts to communicate with others
A．To save money.
B．To maintain friendship.
C．To avoid embarrassment.
D．To make communication much easier.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“On the other hand, texting is considered proper, and it's okay if you don't answer.You might have been distracted.It's not considered rude.But it is considered strange if you're in this kind of voice conversation and simply stop talking.”可知，青少年喜欢发短信的原因是为了避免突然不知道说什么而引起的尴尬，故选C项。
8．What is the trouble that old people meet when surfing the Internet
A．They don't know how to use some applications.
B．They have to buy electronic products at a high price.
C．There is no professional teacher to teach them how to use the Internet.
D．They have no friends to communicate with online.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As for old people, some of the applications are hard to use because they didn't grow up with them.”可知，老年人上网遇到的麻烦是他们不知道如何使用一些应用程序，故选A项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
As people continue to use the Internet more, they share more information about themselves. It is important to protect yourself and stay safe online.
__1__When searching for information online, you should check to make sure that you are accessing a trustworthy site. When you need that wireless connection, always use private Wi-Fi. Installing (安装) antivirus software and enabling your firewall will add another layer of protection against hackers (黑客).
Besides, although our generation is often thought of as experienced in using social media, many people use the same password for their logins (登录).__2__Instead, you can create different passwords for each of your accounts. Using numbers and special characters (@，$，*) will make your passwords stronger.
__3__By keeping your accounts private, you can see who is following you and has access to your posts. Don't accept requests from people you don't know.__4__
While these tips can help you stay safe from getting hacked, you may still be hacked.__5__If you cannot get into your accounts, make sure you contact those companies as soon as possible. If your device has been hacked, it is best to completely remove your device storage. Stay safe!
A．First, you should keep your devices safe.
B．All things can cover the world in a moment.
C．It makes you wonder if they mean what they say.
D．Social media is also an easy place to learn more about you.
E．When this happens, it is important to change your passwords at once.
F．And make sure not to share sensitive information like your birthday or age.
G．This makes it easy for hackers to get your information with just one password.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了如何安全地上网。
1．解析：A　下文中的“When searching for information online...will add another layer of protection against hackers(黑客).”是对A项的具体解释，指出了保护设备安全的具体措施。
2．解析：G　上文中的“the same password”与G项中的“one password”相照应，同时下文中的“Instead, you can create different passwords for each of your accounts.”与G项形成对比，G项指出了人们只用单一密码的潜在风险。
3．解析：D　下文中的“By keeping your accounts private, you can see who is following you and has access to your posts.”与D项为语义上的顺承关系，“following you”“your posts”与D项中的“Social media”相照应。
4．解析：F　上文中的“Don't accept requests from people you don't know.”与F项并列，指出使用社交媒体时应注意的几个方面。
5．解析：E　E项中的“this”指代上文中的“you may still be hacked”，该项解释了被黑客攻击后要采取的具体措施。阶段测评(三)
(时间：100分钟　满分：120分)
第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mental health is a state of mental well-being that enables people to deal with the stresses of life, realize their abilities, learn well and work well.Here are some free apps that can help you improve your mental health.
Talkspace
This therapy app matches you with a therapist (治疗师) licensed in your state who can connect with you via text, voice, or video messaging to provide guidance and support.It could be especially helpful for people who need more frequent support than the traditional once-a-week session or who don't feel comfortable talking through their issues face to face.
Smiling Mind
Free therapy apps are hard to come by, but this free meditation app from Australia offers a selection of meditations to help you find your inner peace.Smiling Mind offers kid-friendly meditations, an option to bookmark favourite meditations, and charts to track your mindfulness progress.
Happify
This app is perfect for encouraging self-care, with assignments and activities aimed at improving your mood and your life.After you take an assessment to determine your areas of interest, Happify recommends a few tasks for you each day, each taking just a few minutes to accomplish—with the reason the task works.
SuperBetter
Build resilience(恢复) with this free happiness app based on research and a bestselling book by the same name.SuperBetter turns building stronger mental health into a game.Every day it sets you on a different quest to help you improve your optimism and life satisfaction—and researchers found that using the app can help reduce anxiety and depression.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了能提升人心理健康的免费应用程序。
1．Which of the following apps is fit for kids
A．Talkspace.　　　　 B．Smiling Mind.
C．Happify. D．SuperBetter.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据Smiling Mind部分的“Smiling Mind offers kid-friendly meditations, an option to bookmark favourite meditations, and charts to track your mindfulness progress.”可知，Smiling Mind是一款适合儿童的app。故选B项。
2．What is special about SuperBetter
A．It serves as a game.
B．It needs an assessment.
C．It provides more support.
D．It recommends tasks daily.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据SuperBetter部分的“SuperBetter turns building stronger mental health into a game.Every day it sets you on a different quest to help you improve your optimism and life satisfaction—and researchers found that using the app can help reduce anxiety and depression.”可知，SuperBetter将建立更强的心理健康变成了游戏。故选A项。
3．What do the four apps have in common
A．They're free.
B．They match you with an expert.
C．They're based on a best-seller.
D．They offer tasks of different time ranges.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段“Here are some free apps that can help you improve your mental health.”可知，这些应用程序都是免费的。故选A项。
B
Stefany Bibb has been a teacher at the John F. Kennedy High School for over twenty years. She is also the person who started the school's Kindness Club.
Members of the Kindness Club are made up of students in every grade. The aim is to help students and spread kindness. Students who're in the Kindness Club frequently hold the door open politely for others, welcome other students and teachers every morning, and focus on being respectful and helpful.
“I like to make people smile, because it lights up my world and I know it makes them feel warm inside, too，” said Aniyah Cox, a tenth-grader who's a member of the Kindness Club.
Recently, Bibb led students from the Kindness Club to paint stones with messages of generosity. They also spent time at school making a special garden for these stones outside the teaching building.
The Kindness Rock Garden is decorated with colorful pinwheels (风车) that blow in the wind. On the lawn, there are painted stones of many sizes and shapes, many of them with encouraging messages or creative designs.
Students can even keep the stones with them for up to one week before returning them to the garden, and if a student wants to keep them for more time, they get to paint another stone to replace the one they took.
“You can also pass your rock down to your friends, so you can make their day，” Aniyah said.
The garden is just another way the Kindness Club can help with putting smiles on other people's faces. And Bibb hopes the kindness can be passed on to their home life as well.
“Nothing they have done is because of me，” Bibb said. “They're naturally kind. What we have achieved is thanks to their kindness. How amazing they are! I'm just like, here, do what you do.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stefany Bibb成立了仁爱俱乐部来帮助人们，传递仁爱的故事。
4．Stefany Bibb set up the Kindness Club to________．
A．cheer up those in difficulties
B．help people and pass on kindness
C．enrich students' school life
D．teach students how to make friends
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段“The aim is to help students and spread kindness.”可知，Stefany Bibb成立仁爱俱乐部的目的是帮助人们并传播仁爱。
5．What did students from the Kindness Club do recently
A．They passed messages of generosity on to other students.
B．They decorated the teaching building with painted rocks.
C．They built a garden for the stones they painted.
D．They replaced the stones in the school with ones designed by themselves.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，仁爱俱乐部的学生最近为他们画的石头建了一个花园。
6．Which of the following can replace the underlined words
A．Get them out of trouble.
B．Improve their confidence.
C．Make them happy.
D．Ease their stress.
解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第五段“On the lawn, there are painted stones of many sizes and shapes, many of them with encouraging messages or creative designs.”以及第七段“You can also pass your rock down to your friends”可知，你可以将带有鼓舞人心的信息或创意设计的石头送给朋友，你可以让他们开心，推测画线短语表示“让他们开心”，与make them happy同义。
7．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Bibb doesn't think students could have done a good job without her help.
B．Bibb is very surprised to see how kind her students are.
C．Bibb believes that it is important to teach students to be kind.
D．Bibb thinks the success of the Kindness Club is due to students' natural kindness.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“They're naturally kind. What we have achieved is thanks to their kindness.”可知，Bibb认为仁爱俱乐部的成功要归功于学生天生的善良。
C
Well, to pick up where we left off last time.I'm certain that you know all too well the dangers hiding on the World Wide Web.And whether it's for schoolwork, entertainment, or just socializing with friends, the Internet will surely be a major part of your child's life.So, it's important to secure their online stays.
It's not the easiest thing, but keeping open lines of communication is primary.Let them know they can share their online activities with you.Talk to them about their online presence as early as possible, ideally before they begin to use email, social media, or a smartphone.Discuss what they find interesting online and learning from them about popular websites and apps; this will create understanding and allow you to identify potential risks.
Next, monitor without spying.Most kids learn to understand boundaries, like respecting others' personal space, or not opening the cookie jar without asking.Internet use is no different.It's helpful for kids to have ground rules as to which websites they can visit，which apps they can use, and what they can share online.Remind them that if they feel uneasy with anything that occurs online, they need to alert_an adult immediately.
How you handle your kids' Internet usage will depend in large part on their age.There are sites and browsing tools meant for younger kids，which aim to provide a safe online experience for children.Older kids may be allowed more freedom since they want to network and need to use the Internet for information-gathering.But you can set boundaries that feel right for you.Just limit access appropriately.
Allowing your children to make good decisions online teaches them responsibility, shows that you trust them, and reminds them that rules may be tightened if they disobey them.Stay tuned.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了“如何保障孩子网上活动安全”的几条建议。
8．What might be talked about last time
A．The history of the World Wide Web.
B．How the Internet influences people.
C．The potential dangers of the Internet.
D．What information the Internet offers.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段“Well, to pick up where we left off last time.I'm certain that you know all too well the dangers hiding on the World Wide Web.”可推断，上次可能讨论了网络的潜在危险。故选C。
9．What does Paragraph 2 suggest people do
A．Never be narrow-minded.
B．Communicate effectively.
C．Share personal information.
D．Identify with your children.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段“It's not the easiest thing, but keeping open lines of communication is primary.”及本段内容可知，本段主要建议人们和孩子进行有效的沟通。故选B。
10．What does “alert” underlined in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Inform. B．Reveal.
C．Look after. D．Tell off.
解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前半句“Remind them that if they feel uneasy with anything that occurs online”可知，提醒孩子，网上任何异样的事情，都要立即告知大人。由此推知，画线词alert为“告知、通知”之意。故选A。
11．What is the best title for the text
A．What Is Hidden on the Net
B．How to Make Online Stays
C．Be a Smarter Internet User
D．Keep Your Kids Safe Online
解析：D　标题归纳题。根据第一段“So, it's important to secure their online stays.”及全文可知，文章主要提供了“如何保障孩子网上活动安全”的几条建议。由此可知，“Keep Your Kids Safe Online”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
D
Many people like to explore the Internet.Exploring the Internet is one of the most important activities of the day.The Internet brings the outside world closer to people's homes.Some people say the world is smaller than before because of the Internet.
What's going on in other countries How do people live in places far away Is there a good sports game somewhere What's life like in the deepest part of the sea If you want to answer all these questions，just come to the Internet.Of course, people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio.But with the Internet they can learn better and more easily.A lot of information can be collected at a great speed.
Can we go shopping without leaving home Can we see a doctor without going to the hospital Can we study without going to school Can we draw money without going to the bank All these things seemed to be impossible, but now they have come true.
The Internet helps us to open our eyes.The Internet also helps to open our minds.The Internet often gives us new ideas.In a word, it helps us in many ways.Great changes have taken place in our life since the use of the Internet.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了互联网如何改变了人们的生活方式，提出了互联网的重要性以及它给生活带来的诸多便利。
12．What is second paragraph mainly about
A．We can become wise because of the Internet.
B．We can know everything through the Internet.
C．We can learn only through reading or listening to the radio.
D．A lot of information can be collected at a great speed through the Internet.
解析：D　段落大意题。根据文章第二段可知，本段主要讲述的是我们可以通过互联网以很快的速度收集大量的信息。故选D。
13．According to the third paragraph we can do the following on the Internet EXCEPT________．
A．cook a meal without rice
B．study without going to school
C．go shopping without leaving home
D．see a doctor without going to the hospital
解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，我们可以通过互联网购物、上学、就医和取钱。只有选项A“cook a meal without rice”未提及。故选A。
14．What does underlined sentence “The Internet also helps to open our minds.” in the last paragraph mean
A．We cannot think without the Internet.
B．We can get some new ideas from the Internet.
C．Our minds can't be opened unless we search the Internet.
D．Something is wrong with our minds because of the Internet.
解析：B　句意理解题。根据文章最后一段“The Internet often gives us new ideas.”可知，作者所谓的互联网能打开我们的思想指的是互联网能够帮助我们拥有新的想法。故选B。
15．What does the text mainly tell us
A．The Internet is everything.
B．We cannot live without the Internet.
C．The Internet helps us a lot in many ways.
D．We don't need banks, schools or hospitals anymore.
解析：C　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段、最后一段以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了互联网在许多方面对我们有很大的帮助，包括获取信息、购物、医疗、教育等方面。故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Online scams (诈骗) are targeted at people from all walks of life.__16__，and no one can stay safe without learning how to avoid them. Here are some of the tips to keep you safe from online scams.
·Accept that online scams exist
Every time you start dealing with an unknown person or a contact online，you must consider it a possibility that you're dealing with a scammer.__17__. Nothing in this world comes free, and everything has a price. So, if one fine morning you receive an email message about winning a million-dollar prize, chances are very high that it's an ugly trap.
·Choose passwords carefully
You must choose difficult passwords while updating them from time to time.__18__. And always avoid using the same password for different accounts.
·Don't click what you don't know
A classic style followed by scammers is to send you Trojan horses in emails or messages.__19__. In addition, you can use a Virtual Private Network that blocks access to bad pages and pop-ups.
·__20__
If you ever have doubts in your mind about the intentions of an unknown person, you should first carry out an in-depth search online based on the basic information they share. If you ever receive a request for money from a friend, always call them up to check first.
A．Don't trust strangers
B．Dig deeper before continuing
C．Don't share private information online
D．All of us are equally open to online scams
E．Don't believe something that sounds too good
F．Thus, you must avoid opening anything you are not sure about
G．It's better to use a mix of numbers, letters, and special symbols
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了当下网络诈骗时刻发生在我们身边，并给出了一些我们如何去避免网络诈骗的建议。
16．解析：D　由上文可知网络诈骗的对象是各行各业的人，以及下文可推知，空格处的内容应与上文意思保持一致，D选项符合要求，并与下文中的“and ... ”是递进关系。
17．解析：E　由上下文可知，上下文都是在陈述要考虑可能的诈骗。空格处内容应与上下文保持一致。选项E“不要相信听起来太好的东西”是与上文意思保持一致，与下文是因果关系。
18．解析：G　由上下文可推知，空格处内容应与“密码”相关。选项G是对上文的具体说明，以及和下文“And ... ”是递进关系。
19．解析：F　由上文可推知下文为介绍如何避免此类诈骗的方法。选项F和下文为并列关系，且都是对防诈骗方法的解释说明。
20．解析：B　由下文可知这段主要说明在你继续操作之前，应该先做一个深入的了解。结合选项B与此段大意吻合。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year my parents go out to the streets of San Francisco to hand out gifts, sleeping bags and other clothing to the homeless in the Winter season.
My parents __21__ their first homeless person of the day.He was __22__ and a bit confused.My parents asked him what happened.He said he had all his things __23__．His name was Tom Cronin.My parents then asked if he would like to have them__24__ his family for him, and he pulled out of his pocket a __25__ with his brother's name on it.What happens next is a crazy __26__．
After giving him __27__ and a sleeping bag, my Mum came home and asked me to __28__ the name of his brother.After I had found the __29__ of his brother in Big Sur, my Mum contacted him.He told us Tom suffered from epilepsy(癫痫), which sometimes made him lost and unable to take care of himself.
Brother Dan came to San Francisco and __30__ the streets with my Dad, but there was no __31__．Then a(n) __32__ was created by Dan called Findtomcronin.com.What happened later was __33__．People started emailing Dan.
Less than two weeks later, police officer Rodney Barrera__34__ Tom and immediately brought him to the __35__ room.The hospital contacted Dan.With the efforts of so many, a family was reunited.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父母每年会去帮助无家可归的人，这天他们遇到了Tom Cronin，想帮助他联系家人，在其他人的帮助下，他们一家团聚了。
21．A.respected　　　　 B．met
C．invited D．hired
解析：B　根据前文“Every year my parents go out to the streets of San Francisco to hand out gifts, sleeping bags and other clothing to the homeless in the Winter season.”可知，作者的父母每年冬天都会给无家可归的人送物资，所以此处应是这天遇到的第一个人，故选B项。
22．A.untidy B．lazy
C．calm D．cool
解析：A　根据前文“first homeless person”可知，他是无家可归的人，结合实际，应是不整洁的，故选A项。
23．A.borrowed B．cleaned
C．stolen D．sent
解析：C　根据前文他是一个无家可归的人，“he had all his things”结合选项可知，应是“他所有的东西都被偷了”符合实际，故选C项。
24．A.teach B．help
C．remind D．contact
解析：D　根据后文“my Mum contacted him”可知，此处表示帮他联系他的家人，故选D项。
25．A.key B．card
C．bill D．wallet
解析：B　根据后文“with his brother's name on it”结合选项，应是带有他哥哥名字的卡片符合实际，故选B项。
26．A.dream B．idea
C．adventure D．attempt
解析：C　根据下文“Brother Dan came to San Francisco and __30__the streets with my Dad”可知，他的兄弟Dan来旧金山找他，但是没找到，之后很多人帮助他找，所以是“一场疯狂的冒险”符合语境，故选C项。
27．A.clothes B．resources
C．facilities D．materials
解析：A　根据前文“Every year my parents go out to the streets of San Francisco to hand out gifts, sleeping bags and other clothing to the homeless in the Winter season.”可知，作者的父母给无家可归的人衣服和睡袋，故选A项。
28．A.put forward B．think over
C．write down D．look up
解析：D　根据后文“After I had found the __29__ of his brother in Big Sur”可知，是查找他哥哥的名字，故选D项。
29．A.job B．introduction
C．information D．account
解析：C　根据后文“my Mum contacted him”可知，作者的妈妈联系他的哥哥，所以此处表示找到了信息，故选C项。
30．A.searched B．crossed
C．cleaned D．visited
解析：A　根据前文“Brother Dan came to San Francisco”可知，他的哥哥来旧金山应是找他兄弟，故选A项。
31．A.harm B．luck
C．response D．option
解析：B　根据后文“Then a(n)__32__was created by Dan called Findtomcronin.com.”可知，Dan为他兄弟创建网站，所以此处表示没有找到他，故选B项。
32．A.workshop B．website
C．poster D．company
解析：B　根据后文的“Findtomcronin.com”可知，这是个网址，所以是创建了网站，故选B项。
33．A.magical B．alarming
C．passive D．unbearable
解析：A　根据后文“People started emailing Dan.”结合选项，可知人们开始给Dan发邮件帮他找人，这是神奇的，故选A项。
34．A.believed B．awakened
C．found D．supported
解析：C　根据后文“With the efforts of so many, a family was reunited.”可知，他们团聚了，所以是找到了Tom，故选C项。
35．A.living B．dining
C．storage D．emergency
解析：D　根据后文“The hospital contacted Dan”可知是医院联系了Dan，所以是送到急诊室，故选D项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A team of Chinese researchers has made a significant breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) by developing a new technology, Social Behavior Atlas (SBeA), according to the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) under the famous Chinese Academy of Sciences.This 36.________ (advance) technology greatly improves the correctness of detecting and analyzing animal social behavior.
The most difficult part of multi-animal social behavior analysis is to recognize the difference between animals that look very similar at 37.________same time.The SBeA technology is capable 38.________ identifying similar-looking animals with more than 90 percent correctness，39.________is achieved without the need to define social behavior categories ahead of time.As a result, the technology allows researchers 40.________(discover) new and previously undefined aspects of animal social behavior.Besides, the SBeA technology can also 41.________(effective) process a large amount of data.Therefore it can 42.________(apply) to cross-species studies.
The 43.________(message) of this groundbreaking study were recently published in the journal Nature Machine Intelligence，44.________(stress) the potential of AI in advancing our understanding of animal behavior.This research not only opens new ways in the study of animal social behavior but also 45.________ (show) the great abilities of AI in scientific research.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了据中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院透露，中国科研团队在人工智能领域取得重大突破，开发出一项新技术——社会行为图谱(SBeA)。
36．解析：advanced　考查形容词。此处用形容词 advanced作定语，修饰名词 technology。故填advanced。
37．解析：the　考查冠词。at the same time是固定短语，意为“同时”。故填the。
38．解析：of　考查介词。be capable of 是固定搭配，意为“有能力做”。故填of 。
39．解析：which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是correctness，设空处指代先行词在从句中作主语，指物，填关系代词which。故填which 。
40．解析：to discover 　考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth 意为“使某人能够做某事”，填不定式作宾补。故填to discover 。
41．解析：effectively　考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词process。故填effectively 。
42．解析：be applied　考查被动语态。此处的主语是 it，谓语是apply，两者之间是被动关系， 故此处用被动语态。前面有情态动词can，故填be applied。
43．解析：messages　考查名词复数。根据谓语动词were可知，此处用名词的复数作主语。故填messages。
44．解析：stressing　考查非谓语动词。本句已经有谓语动词were published，故此处用非谓语动词，主语和动词stress之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填stressing。
45．解析：shows　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处在句中作谓语，由opens以及句意可知句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是This research，谓语动词应用三单形式，与opens并列。故填shows 。
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华， 你的英国朋友Harry写信向你了解网络对中国学生学习方式的影响。请给他写封回信。内容包括：
1．网络的发展给中国学生带来了很多新的学习方式；
2．学习方式的变化表现在课程选择方式、教学方式、作业布置等方面；
3．你的感想。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Harry，
I'm glad to receive your letter.______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Harry，
I'm glad to receive your letter. You've asked me about the influence of the Internet on the learning ways of Chinese students. Now let me introduce it to you.
Firstly, students are able to choose subjects on the Internet, depending on their levels, interest and needs. Then, they can just stay at home and study in a virtual-reality school. When they put on their 3D image glasses, they will feel as though they were actually in a classroom having lessons. Besides, after class, students can get their homework sent to them by the teacher according to their different performances.
In a word, the Internet plays an important role in the new ways of learning.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A couple of months before I started high school, my parents gave me the greatest gift any teenage boy would ask for: a cellphone. I lived on that phone all summer. I always texted my friends, even at night. And I paid no attention to the people and things around myself. Being connected to the Internet was more important than being present.
So, you can imagine my displeasure when I learned what my dad had planned for our family vacation that year. It was not the Disneyland trip or beach vacation that I had been hoping for. “This year，” my dad said, “we'll be doing something special, something I used to do with my dad when I was a kid. We're going camping in the forest! ”
His excitement was met with a disappointed sigh，which was my communication style at that age. But he had made the decision and would not change his mind. I comforted myself by telling myself that it was still a vacation. I remained uninfluenced when they were busy preparing for the vacation.
My mind was on my phone, the texts flying back and forth. I focused on the screen in my hands so much that the first time I looked up was when we drove across a bridge on the trip to our campsite.
I looked out of the window and saw a fast-moving river. The air blowing into the car from the open windows was hot and smelt of trees. But that didn't matter to me. The reason why I had looked up was for something far more serious and annoying. My phone no longer had service. The signal was weak. During the last hour of the drive, there was no signal at all.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
My dad explained he had chosen a campsite that had no phone service.______
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
The next morning, without checking my phone as usual, I fixed my mind on nature around myself._________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
One possible version：
My dad explained he had chosen a campsite that had no phone service. I realized my phone would be useless until we returned home. I would be trapped in the forest for four days with no way to connect myself with the outside world. I went from an unhappy state to anger. However, that couldn't make my phone receive the signal. I went to bed angrily that first night. But when I awoke in the morning, something had changed.
The next morning, without checking my phone as usual, I fixed my mind on nature around myself. My dad and I hiked through the forest, enjoying nature. We went fishing and swimming. I listened to stories of Dad's life. When the vacation came to an end, I realized I hadn't thought of my phone once. It dawned on me that I needed to value the moments with nature and the important persons in life. With this lesson carried to this day, I regularly pack up the tent and drive until my phone shows words：“No service.”Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
Task Ⅰ 框架宏观建构——整体理解
1.What's the main idea of the text
A．Jan developed a serious illness.
B．Jan decided to start an IT club.
C．Jan started a charity website.
D．Jan's life has been changed by the Internet.
答案：D
2．Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
TaskⅡ 文本微观剖析——细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．There are a lot of articles on the Internet.
B．We no longer have to wait in line.
C．The Internet has changed people's lives.
D．We can download something useful from the Internet.
2．What's the purpose of the two examples in Paragraph 3
A．To show how to use the Internet.
B．To explain how to apply for jobs.
C．To praise the spirit of the two people.
D．To prove Jan's efforts to be successful.
3．What does the word “bridge” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Remove.　　　　 B．Decorate.
C．Broaden. D．Increase.
4．How does the author tell us life has been changed by the Internet
A．In order of time.
B．By showing examples.
C．By comparison.
D．By giving figures.
答案：1～4　CDAB
Task Ⅲ 教材对接高考——续写感悟
Read the text carefully and find the sentences to describe Jan's mood.
1．After a while，she discovered that surfing the Internet could help her feel less lonely and bored.
2．She no longer feels lonely，and her company has become quite successful.
Task Ⅳ 难句密码破解——理解提升
1.She also joined an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　她还加入了一个在线群组；在群里，她可以谈论自己的问题，并获得其他人的支持和建议。
2．A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　一位61岁的独居妇女与两位朋友一起创办了一家小型网络公司。
Task Ⅴ 课文语法填空
Not only has the Internet made our lives more 1. (convenience)，but people's lives have also been changed by online communities and social networks.Take Jan Tchamani, an English teacher，for example.She had to quit her job 2. she developed a serious illness.With only her computer to keep her company，she felt lonely and 3. (bore).However，by surfing the Internet, she found her life greatly changed since the Internet was able to keep people closer no matter 4. they live.
5． (inspire) by the people she met online, she decided to start
6. IT club to teach older people how 7. (use)computers and the Internet.In order to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society
8. (good)，Jan herself has started taking online classes.She believes that it is
9. (high)important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology.Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor 10. (country).Due to the Internet，Jan's life has been greatly improved.
答案：1.convenient　2.because/since/as
3．bored　4.where　5.Inspired　6.an
7．to use　8.better　9.highly　10.countries
[板块一　单词短语——点点清]
层级一　高频词汇精讲
1．convenient adj.方便的；近便的( inconvenient adj.不方便的 convenience n．方便；便利)……
[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience(convenient) of the shared bikes.
②For convenience, I will give you my email and we can keep in touch with each other.
③如果你能在方便时尽快回复我的信件我将感激不尽。
→I'd appreciate it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience．
→I'd appreciate it if you can reply to my letter if it is convenient for you．
(1)It is convenient (for sb) to do sth
做某事(对某人来说)是方便的。
(2)at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for convenience 为了方便起见
2．benefit n．益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于( beneficial adj.有益的；有利的)
[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①As a result, for the benefit of your health，it is necessary that you should have enough sleep and rest.
②As a matter of fact, music education is beneficial (benefit) and important for all the students.
③ 摘水果的经历让我们获益良多，它教会了我们劳动的重要性。
→This fruit-picking experience benefited us a lot and taught us the importance of working.(benefit vt.)
→We benefited a lot from this fruit-picking experience and it taught us the importance of working. (benefit v．)
→This fruit-picking experience was very beneficial to us and taught us the importance of working. (beneficial)
→This fruit-picking experience was of great benefit to us and taught us the importance of working. (benefit n．)
(1)for the benefit of...　　　为了……；为了……的利益
be of benefit to... 对……有益
(2)benefit sb 对某人有益
benefit by/from... 从……受益；得益于……
(3)be beneficial to... 对……有益
3．distance n．距离( distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①You can also visit the city museum，which is within walking distance(distant) of the hotel where you stay.
②令我们非常高兴的是，远处的水声吸引了我们的注意。
Much to our delight, the sound of water in the distance caught our attention.
③我认为与他疏远对你有益处。
I think it is of great benefit for you to keep him at a distance．
in the distance　　在远处
from a distance 从远处
at a distance of... 在……的距离；相距
keep sb at a distance 与某人保持一段距离；疏远某人
4．inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考( inspired adj.得到灵感的；受到鼓舞的 inspiring adj.激励人心的；令人鼓舞的 inspiration n．激励；灵感；鼓舞)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I am very excited and inspired (inspire) by the good news that you have been admitted into Harvard University.
②Those who were stuck in the storm were inspired (inspire) by the captain to move on with heavy legs.
③The beauty of the West Lake inspired a lot of poets to write (write) great poetry.
④更重要的是，正是你不断的鼓励激发我变得自信。
More importantly，it was your constant encouragement that inspired me to be confident/with confidence.
5.access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取( accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的)
[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①The only access to success is to have a proper goal and enough preparations to achieve it.
②Museums，theatres，and galleries are often easily accessible (access) in cities，which can enrich people's life.
③希望工程在这个地区实施之前，孩子们无法接受教育。
→Before the Hope Project was carried out in this area, children had no access to education.(access)
→Before the Hope Project was carried out in this area, children weren't accessible to education.(accessible)
(1)the access to...　 ……的途径；……的机会
have/get/gain access to... 有……的机会；可以进入/接近
(2)be accessible to可以接近/靠近
6．go through 经历；度过；通读
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①When you go through tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges.
②In addition, you should go over what you have set down in your notebook.
③As time goes by, we will know each other better and make good friends.
④ 一种喜悦和幸福的感觉突然传遍了他的全身。(读后续写之心理描写)
A sense of joy and happiness suddenly went through him．
go up　　　上升；上涨
go by 经过；流逝
go over 复习；重温；仔细检查
go out (火或灯)熄灭；过时；外出
层级二　中频词汇练透
1．stuck adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)( stick v．粘贴；插入；卡住)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①We all want to make a good first impression and not get stuck(stick) in an awkward conversation.
②不论多么困难，我们都应坚持我们的梦想。
However difficult it is, we should stick to our dreams．
(1)be/get stuck in　　　　陷入……中；困在……中
(2)stick to 坚持
stick to one's dream 坚持某人的梦想
2．keep sb company陪伴某人
[练透]——完成句子
我精通英语，并有陪伴外国朋友的丰富经验。(应用文之申请信)
I have a good command of English, and also have a lot of experience in keeping foreign friends company．
for company　　　　陪伴；作伴
in company with... 与……一起
3．now that 既然； 由于
[练透]——完成句子
①既然阅读对我们有好处，那就让我们培养好的阅读习惯吧。
Now that reading is good for us,let's develop a good habit of reading.
②鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。
Now that the weather has cleaned up, we can start our journey.
[板块二　重点句式——句句通]
1．句型公式：whenever引导时间状语从句
(教材原句)We can download software, documents, and images whenever we need them.
我们可以在任何需要的时候下载软件、文档和图片。
[练透]——单句语法填空/ 句型转换
①Whatever difficulties we meet, we'll never change our mind.
②Whenever you need help，I hope you can get in touch with me.
③We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with Dr.Lee.
④ There is no doubt that he will give me a hand no matter when I am in trouble.
→There is no doubt that he will give me a hand whenever I am in trouble．
(1)whenever＝no matter when
wherever＝no matter where
however＝no matter how
(2)whenever，whatever，whichever，who(m)ever等既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句
(3)no matter when, no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)等只可引导让步状语从句
2．句型公式：“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构
(教材原句)At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.
50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
①After I arrived in America，I found myself living(live) in a completely foreign culture.
②I find it convenient to surf(surf) the Internet to search for some useful information.
③Jane found herself lost (lose)in a distant forest, with tears of fright streaming down her cheeks.
④我发现英语老师的建议对我的英语学习很有帮助。
I found my English teacher's proposals beneficial to my English learning.
(2)find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
3．句型公式：“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”
(教材原句)She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个信息技术俱乐部来教年长一些的人们如何使用电脑和互联网。
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He had made so much progress in the examination that his mother treated him to a good dinner.
②We had such bad weather that we had to stay at home surfing the Internet to kill time.
③有那么多著名的艺术家出席今年的音乐节，以至于我写信邀请你参加。
There are so many famous artists present at this year's music festival that I'm writing to invite you to attend.
(1)so...that...的用法：
(2)such...that...的用法：
.
——————————·　课堂微练·题题过　·——————————
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．make our lives more convenient　　　　使我们的生活更方便
2．wait in line 排队
3．get the most updated information 获得最新的信息
4．develop a serious illness 身患重病
5．quit her job 辞去她的工作
6．out of work 失业
7．explore the world 探索世界
8．get support and advice from others 从其他人那里获得支持和建议
9．one of the greatest benefits of the Internet 互联网最大的好处之一
10．start an IT club 成立一个信息技术俱乐部
11．apply for work online 在网上申请工作
12．raise money for children in poor countries 为贫穷国家的儿童募捐
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Having gone through (经历) many hardships together, the couple love each other more.
2．The new regulations will be beneficial to (使……受益) everyone concerned.
3．He's a lonely old man who only has his dog tokeep him company (陪伴他).
4．The railway station is at a distance of (相距) two miles from our school.
5．Now that you have finished your work (既然你的工作已经完成了), you'd better have a good rest.
课时规范训练(二)
层级一　基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Our class held a charity (慈善) walk to raise money for the students in poor areas this afternoon.
2．The software (软件) can be downloaded for free from the Internet.
3．The activity will take place in the conference(会议) hall of our school library at 7：00 pm next Friday.
4．Nowadays many children prefer surfing(浏览) the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors.
5．Your speech made at the conference last week inspired everyone present.
6．Will it be convenient for you to chat with me on the Internet tonight
7．The new teaching programme will benefit a large number of residents.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We can get the most updated(update) information from large databases through the Internet.
2．Nowadays，surfing (surf) the Internet is very common and popular.
3．We often walk to the beach, which is within walking distance (distant) of my house.
4．The advice you've offered to me is very beneficial (benefit) to my studies.
5．The old man is trying his best to make his books accessible (access) to children.
6．They were so angry that they were out of control and attacked each other on the blog.
7．I got stuck(stick) in a traffic jam in the morning，so I was late for school.
8．My brother told me that a girl was waiting for me at the gate, but when I went there I found her gone (go).
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他们如此受欢迎以至于歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。
They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.
2．受到他的项目成功的鼓励，我们开办了一个更大的项目。
Inspired by the success of his project, we started an even bigger program.
3．他正经历一段困难时期，但是他积极面对所有的挑战。
He was going through a very difficult time，but he was positive about all the challenges.
4．我的姐姐已经从法国回来，在我患病期间陪着我。
My sister has come back from France to keep me company during my illness.
5．既然你已经是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不靠父母的帮助。
Now that you are a college student，you should learn to be independent of your parents' help.
层级二　素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
How did you practice kindness today This is a place to practice small acts of kindness.
How can I use this website
You can share about your own acts of kindness or read hundreds of inspiring stories by others. You can look through our kindness ideas for every occasion and age group or order Smile Cards. You can also become a part of our online community or subscribe to a newsletter (简报). If you're up for it, you can also join our 21-Day Challenge!
Do you charge for any of your services
Everything here is (and always will be) a labor of love. Kind Spring is a 100% advertisement-free portal (门户网站), run 100% by volunteers. Our wonderful team is made up of devoted individuals located all around the world. Together we maintain our portal, send out a weekly kindness newsletter, ship Smile Cards all over the world for free and allow people anywhere to download, print and republish our content without limits.
Kind Spring is operated 100% by volunteers who live all over the world. We do not belong to any one field, or culture, nor do we belong to any one religious or spiritual group. What brings us together is simply our devotion to making the world a brighter place—one kind act at a time. Learn more about our wonderful team!
What are Smile Cards
Smile Cards are business-sized cards that serve as reminders for a game of kindness tag. The idea is, when you do an anonymous (匿名的) kind act for someone, you leave the card behind, to let the one who receives it know that someone reached out to touch their life with kindness, and now it's their turn to pay it forward by doing something kind for someone else and passing the card along.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了一个能帮你实现善举的网站——Kind Spring。
1．How can people use Kind Spring
A．Designing some special Smile Cards.
B．Helping sell its newsletters to raise money.
C．Building an online community of your own.
D．Sharing with others your good deeds you've done.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据How can I use this website？部分中的“You can share about your own acts of kindness or read hundreds of inspiring stories by others. ”可知，在Kind Spring网站上，人们可以和他人分享自己做的好事。
2．Who runs Kind Spring
A．People sharing stories.
B．Company's individual.
C．Advertisement company.
D．Volunteers around the world.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据Do you charge for any of your services？部分第二段中的“Kind Spring is operated 100% by volunteers who live all over the world. ”可知，Kind Spring是由世界各地的志愿者运作的。
3．What is the purpose of Kind Spring
A．To start a 100% advertisement-free website.
B．To build a platform for volunteers to gather.
C．To brighten the world with acts of kindness.
D．To deliver Smile Cards to people worldwide.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据Do you charge for any of your services？部分第二段中的“What brings us together is simply our devotion to making the world a brighter place—one kind act at a time.”可知，Kind Spring网站上的志愿者致力于采取善意的行动，让世界变得更美好，由此可以推断出，Kind Spring的目的是要用善举照亮世界。
4．What type of writing is this text
A．A service report.
B．An introduction.
C．A book review.
D．A movie poster.
解析：B　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一个能帮你实现善举的网站——Kind Spring。所以文章是一篇简介。
Ⅱ.完形填空
If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years, would you do it Could you
In 2016, Lorna__1__ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.If he made it, she'd award him the __2__ on his eighteenth birthday.On February 19, 2022, Sivert received his __3__．Sivert thought it was a great __4__ at the time.“I thought it was __5__ indeed.What's 6 more years？” he recalled.
“It's the__6__ money I've ever spent，” said Lorna.“We are not against social media, but it's the __7__ use of it.It's about not letting yourself get __8__ affected by it.” Lorna has three older daughters, and she'd already seen problems from their __9__ activities.When one of her daughters was 16, Lorna __10__ her phone.Her daughter later thanked her for doing so, as it improved her mental health.
Sivert said it wasn't that__11__ to live without social media for six years.“There wasn't a time when I thought of giving up，” he said.“Staying away from social media also meant I had more time to __12__ my studies and sports instead.”
Other parents have seemed__13__ trying a similar challenge with their kids.“I advise __14__ the behavior you want to see in your children.If they see you before the __15__ all day, they will follow your example，” said Lorna.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述洛娜(Lorna)要求她12岁的儿子西威(Sivert)挑战在18岁之前不要使用社交媒体，并引起了很多家庭的效仿。
1．A.acquired　　　　 B．challenged
C．tricked D．sought
解析：B　根据下文“Other parents have seemed __13__ trying a similar challenge with their kids.”可知，洛娜12岁的儿子西威在18岁之前不要使用社交媒体是个挑战。故选B。
2．A.piano B．money
C．cellphone D．vehicle
解析：B　根据上文“If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years”可知，如果挑战成功会有金钱作为奖励。故选B。
3．A.pay B．response
C．chance D．prize
解析：D　根据上文“If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years”和“On February 19, 2022”可知，2022年2月19日是在开始挑战6年之后，所以，西威应该是挑战成功了，他收到了他的奖金。故选D。
4．A.journey B．option
C．deal D．honor
解析：C　根据上文“If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years”和“Sivert received his __3__”可知，西威挑战成功了，而且收到了他的奖金，所以他应该是认为这是一笔了不起的交易。故选C。
5．A.cool B．funny
C．tough D．practical
解析：A　根据下文“What's 6 more years？”可知，西威还想再过这样的6年，所以他应该是觉得这很酷。故选A。
6．A.most B．easiest
C．best D．hottest
解析：C　根据下文“I've ever spent”可知，在母亲洛娜看来，花钱却能让儿子远离社交媒体6年是一件很值得的事情，所以她认为这是花过的最好的钱。故选C。
7．A.free B．healthy
C．wide D．regular
解析：B　根据上文“but”可知，上下文是转折关系，虽然他们并不反对社交媒体，但仍然要健康使用它。故选B。
8．A.wisely B．directly
C．naturally D．badly
解析：D　根据下文“affected by it”可知，这里应该是指不能被社交媒体严重影响。故选D。
9．A.social B．political
C．outdoor D．online
解析：D　根据上文“she'd already seen problems ”可知，洛娜应该是从女儿们身上看到了她们的网络活动中有问题。故选D。
10．A.came across B．took away
C．switched on D．searched for
解析：B　根据上文“Lorna has three older daughters, and she'd already seen problems from their __9__ activities.”可知，洛娜已经从女儿们身上看到了她们的网络活动中有问题，所以她应该是会把她们的手机拿走。故选B。
11．A.difficult B．necessary
C．unusual D．secure
解析：A　根据下文“There wasn't a time when I thought of giving up”可知，西威应该是认为六年没有社交媒体生活并不难。故选A。
12．A.depend upon B．show off
C．focus on D．smooth out
解析：C　根据上文“Staying away from social media also meant I had more time to”可知，远离社交媒体应该是意味着西威有更多的时间专注于他的学习和体育运动。故选C。
13．A.happy with B．concerned about
C．interested in D．responsible for
解析：C　根据下文“‘I advise __14__ the behavior you want to see in your children.If they see you before the __15__ all day, they will follow your example，’ said Lorna.”可知，其他家长应该是也有兴趣和孩子一起尝试类似的挑战。故选C。
14．A.modeling B．controlling
C．exchanging D．balancing
解析：A　根据下文“they will follow your example”可知，这里应该是要家长模仿孩子的行为。故选A。
15．A.blackboard B．poster
C．screen D．mirror
解析：C　根据上文“they see you before the”可知，这里应该是指孩子如果看到家长整天面对着手机屏幕，他们也会模仿。故选C。Section Ⅴ　Writing——关于网络安全的博客
[满分微讲坛——范式素材感悟·有章可循]
博客文章通常有两个分区： 一个是博文区， 是发在网络上的博文， 是主体部分， 主要是就某一问题发表自己的观点； 一个是评论区， 是读者之间、作者和其读者交流的地方。
一、课文范式推荐
二、话题素材积累
(一)夺人眼球开头句
1．There is no denying that the Internet has brought about great convenience to our life.
毋庸置疑，网络给我们的生活带来了很大的便利。
2．However, the network also has its disadvantages/drawbacks/shortcomings.
然而，网络也有它的缺点。
3．It is a phenomenon that our personal information is let out by online shopping, such as more disturbance calls or accounts stolen.
因网上购物而导致个人信息的泄露是一种现象，比如更多的骚扰电话或账号被盗。
4．Here are some useful tips as follows.
如下是一些实用技巧。
(二)亮点出彩篇中句
1．Don't post any information concerning your personal secret.
不要发布有关你个人秘密的信息。
2．You had better not believe everything you read, some of which is false.
你最好不要相信你看到的所有东西，其中有些是假的。
3．Don't click on the links where there is a large amount of welfare/lure.
不要点击有大量福利/诱饵的链接。
4．Be polite online if you don't want to be targets of ill persons.
如果你不想成为坏人的目标，要文明使用网络。
5．Someone online will take advantage of your information and attack your accounts.
网上有人会利用你的信息攻击你的账号。
6．The more attractive it is, the more dangerous it is.
越吸引人的东西就越危险。
(三)韵味无穷结尾句
1．The problems can be avoided if special attention is paid to it.
加以特别注意的话，这些问题是可以避免的。
2．The Internet makes our life more convenient, whose advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
互联网使我们的生活更加方便，其利大于弊。
[满分练到位——妙笔成篇训练·立竿见影]
假定你是李华，针对目前由于网上购物而导致个人信息泄露，银行卡里的钱被盗等现象，请你在博客上写一篇帖子，提醒大家注意网络安全。内容包括：
1．使用熟悉的网站；
2．使用加强密码；
3．不要使用公共电脑上网买东西。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
第一步　谋篇布局
第二步　遣词造句
1．今天，我将写一篇关于网络安全问题的博客。它们是由网上购物带来的。
Today, I will blog about the Internet security problems. They are brought about by online shopping.
2．毋庸置疑，网上购物带来了便利，但是随之而来的是弊端。
There is no denying that online shopping brings us convenience along with disadvantages.
3．如下是一些实用技巧。
Here are some useful tips as follows.
4．不要使用陌生网站，不管有什么样的吸引力。
Don't use any unfamiliar websites no matter what attraction there is．
5．使用加强密码是个好办法，这种密码不好破解。
It is a good idea to use strong passwords，which are hard to crack．
6．最好不要使用公共电脑上网买东西。
We had better not use public computers to shop online.
7．用这种方式，个人信息容易被他人利用。
In this way personal information is easily taken advantage of by others．
8．正如谚语所说的“防患于未然。”
Just as the saying goes，“Better safe than sorry.”
9．希望网络能够更好、更安全地服务于我们。
Hope the network can serve us better and more safely．
第三步　词句升级
10．用分词作定语升级第二步中的句1
Today, I will blog about the Internet security problems brought about by online shopping.
11．用定语从句合并第二步中的句6和句7
We had better not use public computers to shop online, in which way personal information is easily taken advantage of by others.
第四步　妙笔成篇
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Today, I will blog about the Internet security problems brought about by online shopping. There is no denying that online shopping brings us convenience along with disadvantages. Here are some useful tips as follows.
In the first place, don't use any unfamiliar websites no matter what attraction there is. Additionally, it is a good idea to use strong passwords, which are hard to crack. Lastly, we had better not use public computers to shop online，in which way personal information is easily taken advantage of by others.
Just as the saying goes，“Better safe than sorry.” Hope the network can serve us better and more safely.Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
现在完成时的被动语态
观察下列课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能
1．Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
2．People's lives have been changed by online communities and social networks.
3．Many people have been helped by the club.
4．Jan's life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
[我的感悟]
一、构成
现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作持续到现在或对现在造成的影响或结果， 其构成为：have/has been done。
二、形式
1．肯定式：主语＋have/has been done...
I have been told the sports meet will be put off.
我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。
For the purposes of this study, three groups have already been combined.
为了这项研究工作，三个小组已被合并。
2．否定式： 主语＋have/has not been done...
The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.
墨迹还没有从他的外套上去掉。
They haven't been told the exciting news yet, have they
他们还没有被告知这个激动人心的消息，是吗？
3．一般疑问式： Have/Has＋主语＋been done...
Has the date for the next meeting been decided
下次会议的日期已经确定了吗？
Has the work been finished ahead of time
本项工作已经提前完成了吗？
4．特殊疑问式： 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...
Who has been trained for the coming English speech contest
为了即将举行的英语演讲比赛，谁接受了训练？
How long has the machine been used
这台机器用了多久呢？
[即学即练1]——用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
①Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.
→Jack has always been praised by his boss for his devotion to work.
②They have found a good place to build a school in the village.
→A good place has been found by them to build a school in the village.
③We haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.
→How to solve that difficult technological problem hasn't been decided by us yet.
三、用法
1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently，so far，by now，up till/to now，since等时间状语连用。
The database has already been updated.
数据库已经被更新了。(现在可以使用新的数据库了)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经被修理两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
3．用在条件、时间状语从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。
You shouldn't leave school before your homework has been finished.
在作业完成之前，你不应该离开学校。
[即学即练2]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Great changes have taken (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories have been set (set) up.
②Some efforts were made (make) to improve the air quality in the city last winter.
③Over the past three years, the paintings have been taken (take) to more than 20 museums in the world.
④For centuries, the ancient language has been passed(pass) on from one generation to another.
⑤The patient has been taken good care of (被照顾得很好) ever since he came to our hospital.
1．confirm vt.确认；使确信
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①My teacher's encouragement confirms me in the belief that I will surely win the championship of Chinese Poetry Competition.
②There was frost on the ground，confirming(confirm) that fall had arrived in Canada.
③已经确认我们将要爬山，并在那里野餐。
It has been confirmed that we will go to climb a mountain, where we can have a picnic.
confirm sb in sth 　　使某人确信某事
confirm sth/that... 证实……
It has been confirmed that... 已经证实/确定……
2．press vt.按，压；敦促 ( pressure n．压力，压强；强制)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is unwise to press the children to do (do) their homework.
②The naughty boy pressed his face against the glass.
③Learning in a relaxing way will help remove our pressure (press) and keep us in a good mood.
④在父母的督促下，这个男孩决心不再玩电脑游戏。
Pressed from his parents, the boy is determined to stop playing computer games.
(1)press...against...　把……压/挤/贴在……
press sb to do sth 极力劝说/敦促某人做某事
(2)put pressure on sb 给某人施加压力
under pressure 承受压力
——————————·　课堂微练·题题过　·——————————
用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
1．We have completed all the preparations for the project.
All the preparations for the project have been completed by us.
2．This company has produced new types of computers.
New types of computers have been produced by this company.
3．An old HR has interviewed several applicants for the job.
Several applicants for the job have been interviewed by an old HR.
4．They have carried out several experiments to test the performance of the new car.
Several experiments(to test the performance of the new car) have been carried out by them.
5．They haven't given any permission to enter the lab since it was closed.
Not any permission to enter the lab has been given by them since it was closed.
课时规范训练(三)
层级一　基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Many new buildings have been built (build) in Tangshan since 1976.
2．The water in the river has been polluted(pollute), which makes it smell terrible.
3．Much useful information about these planets has been collected (collect) since 1971.
4．Over the past three years, more than $10 million has been spent (spend) carrying out the project.
5．I have learned with delight that you have been chosen (choose) as “the Best Teenager in Xinjiang” recently.
6．In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut (cut).
7．I'm writing to inform you that a Tai Chi Club has been founded(found) in our school recently.
8．Customers are asked to make sure that they have been given(give)the right change before leaving the shop.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．自从他来帮我，我在学业方面已经取得了巨大进步。
Great progress has been made in my studies since he came to my help.
2．这是我第一次受到同学们的取笑。
It is the first time that I have been made fun of by my classmates．
3．迄今为止，已经采取了有效措施来保护濒危动物免遭灭绝。
So far，effective measures have been made to protect endangered creatures from dying out．
4．虽然我们不知道讨论了什么，但是我们可以感觉到主题已经被改变了。
Though we don't know what was discussed, we can feel the topic has been changed．
5．空气、噪音和水污染已经极大地影响了人们的健康。
People's health has been greatly affected by air, noise and water pollution.
Ⅲ.用完成时的被动语态完成下面的短文
The Internet 1.has been greatly improved (得到了很大的改善) over the past decades. So far, a lot of new software 2.has been developed and applied to the Internet (开发出来并被应用于互联网). Besides，many functions 3.(which have been) added to the Internet(被添加到互联网中)have made people's lives more convenient. Many search engines 4.have been developed (被开发出来) so that people can look up the most updated information from large databases. In a word, 5.people's lives have been greatly changed (人们的生活被极大地改变了) by the Internet.
层级二　素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
I had heard about VR being used in the classroom but didn't think I'd ever try it. I actually got a VR headset (耳机) as a New Year present from my friend and started searching for apps online to see whether it could be useful in my classroom. I soon found a free app and knew I had a lesson!
To use VR in the classroom, you need two things: a smartphone that can download the app or video, and a headset. To find the actual videos we'd be watching, I searched through free VR apps like Orbulus, Trench Experience VR and Cardboard. I also found hundreds of videos on social media. The key is to find videos made with the 360 cameras. While they don't give the kids a 3-D experience like the apps，they are still amazingly immersive when viewed through the headsets.
So far we've had three lessons. I first used the headsets with my seventh grade US History class. The Trench app allows students to “walk” through a trench (战壕) during World War Ⅰ and learn about many of the tools used during that time.My second activity was working with the sixth grade Geography class. They used the headsets strictly as viewers to watch a 360 video taking them through a rocky landscape. My final activity was the most interesting one, according to the reactions of my eighth grade Civics students. I was able to find a White House 360 tour that was made a few years ago.
For the rest of this year, I plan to continue using apps and 360 videos in my classes. Next year I'm going to write to my boss asking for a 360 video camera so that I can begin to create my own VR field trips for the students.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。 作者讲述了自己在所教班级尝试利用虚拟现实技术教学的经历。
1．When did the author get the idea of trying VR in her classroom
A．When she was searching for apps online.
B．After she received a VR headset as a gift.
C．When she was having a conversation with her friend.
D．After she heard about VR being used in the classroom.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I actually got a VR headset (耳机) as a New Year present from my friend and started searching for apps online to see whether it could be useful in my classroom.”可知，作者是在收到一副虚拟现实耳机后开始产生在课堂上运用虚拟现实技术辅助教学的想法。
2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The kids.　　　　　 B．The apps.
C．The videos. D．The headsets.
解析：C　代词指代题。根据第二段中的“The key is to find videos made with the 360 cameras. While they don't give the kids a 3-D experience like the apps, they are still amazingly immersive when viewed through the headsets.”可知，作者认为找视频时的关键是找到用全景摄像机拍摄的视频，虽然它们(这些视频)给孩子们的三维体验不如那些应用程序，但是它们依然能让孩子们沉浸在虚拟现实中。
3．Which VR lesson was the most popular one among students
A．The Civics lesson.
B．The Science lesson.
C．The Geography lesson.
D．The US History lesson.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My final activity was the most interesting one, according to the reactions of my eighth grade Civics students.”可知，八年级的市政课堂是最受学生欢迎的。
4．What will the author do next year
A．Buy a 360 video camera.
B．Create 360 videos by herself.
C．Take her students on more field trips.
D．Try new teaching methods in her classes.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Next year I'm going to write to my boss asking for a 360 video camera so that I can begin to create my own VR field trips for the students.”可知，来年作者计划申请一部全景相机为学生们提供她自己创造的虚拟现实实地考察旅行。因此可推断，作者来年将自己制作全景视频。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Many people agree that our lives have been changed by the Internet, but I have recently realized that I spend nearly my entire day online!
__1__ I usually have messages from friends or family, and I always reply right away.Then I open my favourite online radio station and listen to music while I get ready for school.While I'm eating breakfast, I often read news articles online.On my way to school, I usually wear my earphones so I can listen to an English podcast (播客) with interesting talks about many different topics.__2__
After lunch, I like to check some online forums on topics I'm interested in, such as pop music and TV shows.I read the updated posts from other forum members and post my own thoughts.__3__ It's also a good way to connect with others who share the same interests as me.On the way home from school, I almost always use one of the many learning apps on my phone.
After dinner, I start my homework, and that often means going online to do research.My history teacher, my Chinese literature teacher, and my English teacher all often give homework.__4__ So I'm nearly always online in the evening, reading online resources for my homework.
My final thing to do every day is to listen to an audio book online before I go to sleep！__5__ Reading books is a great way to fall asleep.However, I don't like to look at a screen just before bedtime, so audio books are the perfect thing for me.
A．I finish my homework before 9：00 pm.
B．Sometimes I like to read an online book.
C．I think they will be helpful to other people.
D．It's a good way to improve my English listening.
E.I listen especially on days when English is the first lesson.
F．And they require me to go online and look up information.
G．In the morning, I wake up and immediately check my messages.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章按时间的顺序讲述了网络是如何改变作者的生活的。
1．解析：G　第一段中“but I have recently realized that I spend nearly my entire day online”提到作者几乎一整天都生活在网络上，由第三段到第五段的时间“After lunch”“After dinner”以及“before I go to sleep”可知，G项“早上，我醒来然后立刻查看我的信息。”符合时间的发展顺序，且与设空处下一句“I usually have messages from friends or family, and I always reply right away.”在意思上紧密联系。故选G。
2．解析：D　设空处上一句“On my way to school, I usually wear my earphones so I can listen to an English podcast (播客) with interesting talks about many different topics.”提到作者在上学的路上听英语播客，D项“这是一个提高我英语听力的好方法。”指出了听英语播客的好处，其中的“It”指代的就是上文提到的听英语播客。故选D。
3．解析：C　设空处上一句“I read the updated posts from other forum members and post my own thoughts.”提到作者阅读论坛其他成员更新的帖子，并发表自己的想法，由设空处下一句“It's also a good way to connect with others who share the same interests as me.”中的关键信息“also”可知，此处也应是陈述设空处上一句所提到的做法的好处，C项“我认为它们对其他人会有帮助。”符合语境，其中的“they”指代上一句中的“thoughts”。故选C。
4．解析：F　设空处上一句“My history teacher, my Chinese literature teacher, and my English teacher all often give homework.”提到作者的历史老师、中国文学老师和英语老师都经常布置作业，下文“So I'm nearly always online in the evening, reading online resources for my homework.”提到作者在网上查找资源。由此可知，F项“并且他们要求我上网查找信息。”符合语境，与上下文衔接紧密。故选F。
5．解析：B　设空处上一句“My final thing to do every day is to listen to an audio book online before I go to sleep！”提到作者每天做的最后一件事就是在去睡觉之前在网上听有声书，设空处下文“Reading books is a great way to fall asleep.”提到看书是一个很好的入睡方式，B项“有时我喜欢看在线书籍。”符合此处谈论的话题。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Litter is everywhere, doing great harm to the environment and life on our planet.Jeff Kirschner, who wants to build a litter-free world, started a global community named Litterati 1.________ (settle) this problem.
The story began with his 6-year-old daughter.One day they were going on a hike 2.________ the girl noticed a broken plastic tub in a river.She said, “Daddy, that doesn't go there.” That took Kirschner by surprise.He, like many adults, had become so used to the rubbish around them that he hadn't given it 3.________ second look.4.________　his daughter said reminded him of the serious problem our planet faces.
Jeff started to take action.He created Litterati, an app that makes it fun to pick up litter.The idea is 5.________ (fair) simple：Spot a piece of trash, take a photo, post the photo online and then put the litter into dustbins.
6．________ (see) that Jeff was keeping a record of the positive impact he was having 7.________ the environment, people worldwide started participating in it.Up to now, over 2，500，000 photos posted by 3，500 people from over 40 countries 8.________ (find) their way to Litterati's digital landfill.
Litterati is more than an app，9.________ is a highly effective solution to a pressing issue.Wherever you live, whatever you do and whoever you are, join Litterati to make the world a cleaner and 10.________ (health) place to live in!
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jeff Kirschner在女儿的影响下创办了一个名叫Litterati的应用程序，鼓励人们清理垃圾保护环境。
1．解析：to settle　考查非谓语动词。此处表目的应用不定式。故填to settle。
2．解析：when　考查固定句型。表示“某人正在做某事，这时……”句型为sb be doing sth when...。故填when。
3．解析：a　考查冠词。表示“再看一眼”短语为give sth a second look。故填a。
4．解析：What　考查主语从句。引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，应用what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
5．解析：fairly　考查副词。此处修饰形容词simple，应用副词fairly。故填fairly。
6．解析：Seeing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语people worldwide与动词see构成逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，表主动。位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Seeing。
7．解析：on　考查介词。表示“对……有积极影响”短语为have the positive impact on。故填on。
8．解析：have found　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据上文“Up to now”可知，为现在完成时，主语为over 2，500，000 photos，助动词用have。故填have found。
9．解析：which　考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词app，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10．解析：healthier　考查比较级。根据上文“a cleaner and”可知，空处所填词与cleaner并列，应用比较级。故填healthier。Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing
Task Ⅰ 文本微观剖析——细节探究
Read the blog post carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What's the best title for the blog post
A．Rules of the Internet
B．Online Safety
C．A Troll Online
D．How to Post Online
2．How does the writer end the post
A．By asking questions.
B．By answering questions.
C．By asking and answering questions.
D．By asking readers to write comments.
答案：1～2　BD
Task Ⅱ 课文语法填空
I want to blog about how you stay safe online and avoid bad 1.________(experience) on the Internet.First, if you see or read something 2.________ makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site 3.________(immediate).Don't comment 4.________ anything.Second, protect your 5.________(private).Don't tell others your address or phone number.Third, you should behave politely.6.________(surf) the Internet isn't an excuse for being rude, 7.________you don't want to be the target for trolls or cyberbullies.Trolls often use several false names 8.________(stay) on a site.Cyberbullies will write something mean but usually, it 9.________(target) at particular people.However, the more polite you are, the 10.________(little) likely you are to be attacked.
答案：1.experiences　2.that　3.immediately　4.on/upon　5.privacy　6.Surfing　7.and 8．to stay　9.is targeted　10.less
[板块一　单词短语——点点清]
1．in shape 状况良好
[练透]——完成句子
①汤姆早上总是慢跑，而且他也有规律地锻炼来保持身材。
Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he works out regularly to keep/stay in shape．
②我身材有点走样，我想加入你们的健身房。
I am a bit out of shape and I am thinking of joining your gym.
(1)in good/poor shape　　状态很好/状态不佳
keep/stay in shape 保持健康；保持身材
(2)in the shape of... 呈……的形状
out of shape 变形；走样
2.keep track of 掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
[练透]——完成句子
① I find it hard to keep track of my old friend (了解我的老朋友的状况) now.
②Do write to me as often as possible. I don't want to lose track of you (与你失去联系).
lose track of　　不了解……的情况；与……失去联系
track and field 田径；田径赛
3．discount n．折扣 vt.打折
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①At closing time every day, the supermarket has some foods on sale at a discount.
② The young lady often goes to the market to buy some discounted (discount) clothes.
③我想知道，我们买团体票是否可以得到折扣。
I wonder if it is possible to get a discount if we buy tickets as a group.
at a discount　　　　　打折
give a discount 打折
a discount shop/store 一家折扣店
discounted adj. 已贴现的；已折扣的
4．account n．账户；描述
[练透]——完成句子/词汇升级
①They have been working hard day and night，which accounts for (解释；导致) their pale face.
②He was too shocked to give an account of(描述) what had happened in the disaster.
③ On no account will I give up (我绝不放弃) until I achieve my goal.(倒装句)
④I would appreciate it if you could consider my invitation.
→ I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into account． (应用文之申请信)
(1)account vi.& vt.　解释；说明
account for 是……的原因；解释；导致；占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，部分倒装)
(3)give an account of 描述
take account of＝take...into account/
consideration 考虑……
5．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的( rudely adv.粗鲁地；无礼地 rudeness n．粗鲁；无礼)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①While enjoying themselves，some people behave rudely (rude)，which really surprised me.
②I'm writing to make an apology to you for my rudeness (rude).
③就我而言，我们取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。
As far as I am concerned, it is rude of us to make fun of the disabled.
be rude to sb　　　对某人无礼/粗鲁
It is rude (of sb) to do sth (对某人来说)做某事是无礼的。
6．target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The survey is targeted(target) at the students who are weak in English.
②The plan doesn't sound very practical, which is certain to become the target for attack.
③每个人都应该有一种意志并不遗余力地实现你的目标。
Everyone ought to have a will and spare no effort to achieve your target．
(1)achieve a target　　完成/达到目标
set a target 设定目标
become the target for attack 成了攻击的目标
(2)be targeted at... 把……作为目标
7．particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的( particularly adv.特殊地；特别地)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I love playing football in particular and my dream is to be a national football player in the future.
②We shouldn't look down on others, particularly (particular) the disabled.
③玛丽正在节食，所以她对食物很讲究。
Mary is going on a diet, so she is very particular about food．
in particular　　　尤其；特别
be particular about... 对……挑剔
8．embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的( embarrass vt.使尴尬 embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；陷入困境的 embarrassment n．窘迫；尴尬)
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The questions the reporter asked sometimes were embarrassing and they made me embarrassed．(embarrass)
②Showing your tongue is usually an expression of embarrassment (embarrass) in China.
③作为一名导游，我发现一些游客在旅游的时候举止失当，这令人很尴尬。
As a tour guide, I find it so embarrassing to see some tourists behave badly while travelling.
be embarrassed about/at...　　对……感到难为情
be embarrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尴尬
9．upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt.(upset，upset) 使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was upset to know(know) that her application for the position was turned down.
②The other day，all my plans were upset(upset) by the sudden change of the weather.
③I'm sorry to learn that you are in a difficult situation and you are upset about how to improve your handwriting.
④既沮丧又无助，我静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌。(读后续写之心理描写)
Upset and helpless, I stood silently, tears streaming down my cheeks.
(1)upset oneself　感到心烦
It upset(s) sb that... 让某人不高兴的是……
(2)be upset about 为……烦恼/不安/不高兴
be upset that... 心烦/难过……
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安/难过
10．familiar adj.熟悉；熟知( unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的)
[练透]——一句多译
一方面，我很熟悉中国画，因为我的父亲是一位中国画家。
→For one thing, I am quite familiar with Chinese painting, for my father is a Chinese painter.
→For one thing, Chinese painting is quite familiar to me, for my father is a Chinese painter.
sb be/get familiar with...　某人熟悉……；某人与……熟悉起来
sth be familiar to sb 某事(物)为某人所熟悉
11．keep (...) in mind牢记
[练透]——完成句子/词汇升级
①I've made up my mind (下定决心)to study hard at college，because I believe hard work is the key to success.
②I don't know why he changed his mind (改变他的主意) and gave up the chance to study abroad.
③We must remember that we should keep a balance between study and relaxation.
→We must keep/bear in mind that we should keep a balance between study and relaxation.
change one's mind　　改变主意
make up one's mind 下决心；决定
read one's mind 看出某人的心思
bear in mind 牢记；放在心上
12．case n．盒；箱；情况；案件
[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①We sometimes come across a number of cases where people suffer from heart attacks or they fall ill suddenly.
②As is often the case，senior three students feel anxious and upset before important examinations.
③In no case should we do anything that goes against the interests of people.
④以防下雨，你最好带把伞。
→You'd better take an umbrella in case of the rain.
→You'd better take an umbrella in case it rains.
(1)in case　　　免得；以防
in case of 万一；在……情形时；如果发生
in no case 在任何情况下都不(位于句首时倒装)
in this/that case 在这种/那种情况下
(2)as is often the case 通常如此
[板块二　重点句式——句句通]
句型公式：“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”意为“越……就越……”
(教材原句)However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked.
然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The more you practise, the better (well) you can understand.
②The higher (high) you stand, the farther you will see.
③你付出的努力越多， 你就会变得越好。
The more efforts you pay, the better you will become.
(1)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句型中的两个the的后面都必须跟形容词或副词的比较级形式；
(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow，get，become等。
——————————·　课堂微练·题题过　·——————————
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．stay safe online　　在网上保持安全
2．teach me a thing or two 教导我一二
3．golden rule 黄金法则
4．protect your privacy 保护你的隐私
5．give out your address or phone number 泄露你的地址或电话号码
6．identity theft 身份盗窃
7．an excuse for being rude 行为粗鲁的借口
8．stir up trouble online 在网上挑起事端
9．be mean to others 对他人刻薄
10．be usually directed at particular people通常是针对特定的人
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．人们在公共场所看自己的手机，这是常有的事。
As is often the case，people watch their own phone in public places.
2．你应当牢记，成功在于努力。
You should keep in mind that success lies in hard work.
3．那个作家每天去那个村里，为的是了解那里的日常生活。
The writer went to the village every day so as to get familiar with the everyday life there.
课时规范训练(四)
层级一　基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Police are investigating the theft(偷窃) of computers from the company's offices.
2．He was very upset (沮丧的) that the valuable watch belonging to him was missing.
3．He was too nervous to give a full account (描述) of what had happened.
4．Then the day of November 11th was named Singles' day，and they gave great discount (折扣).
5．We should be familiar with the traditional culture of our country.
6．Don't worry. We have all been in similar embarrassing situations.
7．He set a target for himself and he spared no effort to achieve it.
8．It's rude of you not to say “Thank you” when you are given things.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．To my embarrassment (embarrass)，I couldn't tell her name when we met in the street.
2．He stood up suddenly，upsetting (upset) a glass of wine.
3．We should learn to protect our privacy (private) in our life.
4．Since I entered senior high school, I can feel more pressure (press) from my teachers and parents.
5．I am particularly (particular) glad that you are interested in Chinese poetry.
6．The more work we do for people, the happier(happy) we will be.
7．The lecture will cover a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
8．I need to take exercise for at least an hour every day to get my body back in shape.
Ⅲ.单句写作增分练——介绍自己减肥经历的博客
1．发现我的体重在过去几个月里增加了5公斤，我很难过。
I am upset to find that my weight has increased by 5 kilos in the past few months.
2．经过仔细考虑，我意识到我不良的睡眠习惯可以解释为什么我的体重增加那么多了。
After thinking it over，I am aware that my bad sleeping habits can account for my putting on weight so much．
3．我熬夜的时间越长，我的体重就增加得越多。
The longer I stay up，the more weight I put on.
4．我的父母敦促我不要不吃饭，尤其是早餐。
My parents press me not to skip meals，particularly breakfasts．
5．从现在开始，我必须记住均衡的饮食和良好的睡眠习惯对我的健康是非常重要的。
From now on，I must keep in mind that a balanced diet and a good sleeping habit are of great importance to my health．
层级二　素养能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Medha Pappula, an eighth-grader at Brambleton Middle School, is using her skill set to solve a problem—bullying. She recently earned an award from National Bullying Prevention Centre (NBPC) for her anti-bullying efforts in software development and animation (动画).
Pappula, 13, said she discovered that a classmate had experienced cyberbullying，which was painful for her to learn about. “Even though I didn't experience it, I wouldn't wish that on anyone, even my worst enemy，”Pappula said.
Then she developed a program that recognizes when digital and text-based messages include bullying language. The program takes a message, and then recognizes signs of bullying and gives a rating to the cyberbullying. If the rating is high, she said，“the program can be used to carry out things like removing that message or reporting it.”
Pappula first designed and tested the program for Discord，a popular community- based messaging platform，and said she plans to develop it for even bigger platforms.
In addition to this program, the NBPC awarded Pappula for a three-minute animated video about Unity Day，which she created and shared on social media. Unity Day, according to the video，was started by the NBPC in 2011 to raise bullying awareness among school-age children. Schools encourage their students to wear orange on Unity Day, as it is “a colour that is connected with safety”，the website reads.
Pappula visited different websites to develop her animation skills several years ago. She spent more than a month creating her 2-D animated video using an animation software called Krita. The effort paid off，as nearly 6，000 people have already viewed the “Unity Day” video on social media. Along with being posted to the NBPC webpage，her animation was also shared by Cartoon Network. Moving forward, Pappula hopes to continue to work with the NBPC and to use her skills to lift those around her.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了13岁的Medha Pappula开发了反霸凌软件并制作了动画视频以减少校园霸凌事件的发生。
1．How did Pappula feel about bullying
A．It upset her life a lot.
B．It could be stopped easily.
C．It happened online most often.
D．It shouldn't happen to anyone.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Even though I didn't experience it, I wouldn't wish that on anyone, even my worst enemy，’Pappula said.”可知，Pappula认为霸凌事件不应该发生在任何人身上。
2．How does Pappula's program work
A．By sending voice messages.
B．By removing useless messages.
C．By sending its users important reports.
D．By grading messages according to the language used.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The program takes a message...to the cyberbullying.”可知，这个程序会根据文字信息的内容进行评估，过滤掉含有霸凌内容的信息。
3．What did Pappula do to make the animated video
A．She asked the NBPC for help.
B．She taught herself animation.
C．She learned from an expert.
D．She created Krita.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Pappula visited different websites to develop her animation skills several years ago.”可知，Pappula制作动画的技术是自学的。
4．Which word can best describe Pappula
A．Honest.　　　　　　 B．Caring.
C．Polite. D．Proud.
解析：B　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Moving forward, Pappula hopes...skills to lift those around her.”可知，Pappula是一个关爱他人、富有同情心的人。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Some kind of disaster happened in our home.It had a huge __1__ on our lives.It challenged the __2__ we relax and even where we sit.There was no fire or flood.We lost our Wi-Fi service, for over a week.
I was raised in the pre-Wi-Fi time, so I was relatively__3__ to the situation.My children, however, did not have this training.When given the news that there was no Wi-Fi in the house, their first __4__ was: “But, what will we do？” Fortunately, the TV still worked, although the children were __5__ to find that it had only 30＋ channels.
For the children, a major challenge was homework, most of which is now given online, so the__6__ of the Internet meanwhile seemed to provide a(n) __7__ version of “the dog ate my homework” excuse.My daughter observed that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily __8__ due to a leak, but she was convinced that our situation was much __9__．“You can still go to the shop and buy water, right？”
My husband and I need the Internet to__10__ us to work at home.Luckily, I've found out that these days you can go to the shop to buy Wi-Fi.However, buying 1 GB of data makes you view your broadband __11__．I don't want to __12__ it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the Wi-Fi network and do what we have to do as __13__ as possible and log off.
Therefore, the changes that__14__ has created in our daily life have occurred without us really noticing.The __15__ part of our time without Wi-Fi was seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Wi-Fi对作者家庭生活的影响。
1．A.effect B．dependence
C．attack D．impression
解析：A　根据“Some kind of disaster happened in our home.”及“We lost our Wi-Fi service, for over a week.”可知，超过一个星期没有Wi-Fi，对作者的家庭生活产生了巨大影响。故选A。
2．A.guideline B．tradition
C．way D．custom
解析：C　根据“It had a huge __1__ on our lives.”和“But, what will we do？”可知，没有Wi-Fi挑战了作者一家人的放松方式。故选C。
3．A.addicted B．used
C．grateful D．suitable
解析：B　根据“I was raised in the pre-Wi-Fi time”可知，作者的成长过程中没有Wi-Fi，因此习惯没有Wi-Fi的生活。故选B。
4．A.announcement B．pressure
C．response D．requirement
解析：C　根据“But, what will we do？”可知，空处指的是孩子们的第一反应。故选C。
5．A.excited B．ashamed
C．eager D．upset
解析：D　根据“although”和“that it had only 30＋ channels”可知，孩子们发现电视只有30多个频道时很沮丧。故选D。
6．A.lack B．appearance
C．benefit D．influence
解析：A　根据上文“We lost our Wi-Fi service”可知，此处指网络的缺乏。故选A。
7．A.poor B．fun
C．new D．old
解析：C　根据“‘the dog ate my homework’ excuse”可知，没有网络是“狗吃了我的家庭作业”这个借口的一个新的版本。故选C。
8．A.fixed up B．cut off
C．brought down D．taken away
解析：B　根据“due to a leak”可知，因为漏水而暂时断了水。故选B。
9．A.clearer B．tougher
C．plainer D．ruder
解析：B　根据“You can still go to the shop and buy water, right？”可知，女儿认为没有Wi-Fi的生活比没有水的生活更艰难。故选B。
10．A.force B．encourage
C．send D．enable
解析：D　根据“to work at home”可知，互联网使作者和丈夫能够在家工作。故选D。
11．A.differently B．clearly
C．firmly D．conveniently
解析：A　根据“I don't want to __12__ it like leaving a tap running.”可知，商店购买的流量和家庭宽带的流量对于使用者来说，感受是不一样的。故选A。
12．A.ensure B．reserve
C．store D．waste
解析：D　根据“like leaving a tap running”可知，作者认为商店购买的流量使用起来，就像开着水龙头一样特别浪费。故选D。
13．A.early B．little
C．quickly D．much
解析：C　根据“I don't want to __12__ it like leaving a tap running.”可知，为了不浪费流量，作者和丈夫尽可能快地工作。故选C。
14．A.information B．technology
C．equipment D．shock
解析：B　根据第一段中的“We lost our Wi-Fi service, for over a week.”和“It had a huge __1__ on our lives.”可知，技术在我们的日常生活中创造的变化是在我们没有真正注意到的情况下发生的。故选B。
15．A.worst B．missing
C．strange D．bright
解析：D　根据“seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years”可知，在没有Wi-Fi的日子里，看到孩子们的变化是最开心的部分。故选D。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
你校将举行网络安全知识竞赛，请你给校英语报写一篇宣传稿，号召大家踊跃参加。内容包括：
1．时间及地点；
2．竞赛形式；
3．表示欢迎。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
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One possible version：
To raise students' awareness of cybersecurity，a cybersecurity knowledge competition is to be held in the school hall next Friday from 4：00 pm to 6：00 pm.
The competition includes two parts. First，competitors are required to finish a written paper at a given time. Then live challenge contest will be followed，where competitors should quickly answer some questions.
Everyone is welcome to compete in the competition and the registration deadline is next Wednesday morning. Undoubtedly，this is a good chance to gain more cybersecurity knowledge. So hurry and sign up!开篇·把握单元目标
文化意识 了解互联网给人们带来的便利及问题，了解中外青少年使用互联网的现状，适当而又合理地使用互联网。
思维品质 掌握对博客等新媒体中其语篇梳理分析的能力；在学习、生活和社会交往中合理有效地使用互联网，发展批判性思维和创新思维能力。
学习能力 了解网络文章标题的语言特点，能够通过标题预测文本内容。
语言 能力 单词 blog；engine；chat；convenient；cash；update；database；software；network；benefit；distance；inspire；access；charity；tough；province；conference；plus；confirm；press；button；file；discount；account；click；rude；target；particular；upset；guideline；author；tip；familiar；case
短语 blog post；search engine；identity card；keep sb company；now that；go through；in shape；keep track of；make fun of；keep (...) in mind
语法 现在完成时的被动语态
写作 关于网络安全的博客