Unit 4 Natural Disasters 定语从句 专题练 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
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Unit 4 Natural Disasters 定语从句 专题练 2025-2026学年
高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
一、单项选择
1． Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of ________has been proved.
A．whom B．which
C．what D．that
2．He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of _______were published in the 1990s.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．that
3．The exact year _____ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008．
A．When B．where C．why D．which
4． Kate, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
A．whom B．that
C．whose D．her
5．I live next door to a couple ________children often make a lot of noise.
A．whose B．why
C．where D．which
6．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month _______ we set at the beginning of the year.
A．which B．where C．when D．what
7． She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
A．which B．who
C．as D．that
8．The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A．that B．as
C．where D．when
9．It is a truly delightful place, ________looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A．as B．where
C．that D．which
10．The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
A．which B．what C．whose D．that
11．China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
A．who B．whom
C．that D．which
12．I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.
A．who B．which
C．when D．Where
13．I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A．as B．why C．when D．where
14．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
A．which B．when C．as D．where
15．Among the many dangers__________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A．which B．what
C．where D．when
二、语法填空
16．The last one leaves the classroom should close the windows. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
17．People are against the idea think it is unnecessary to build the dam. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
18．Do you know Mr. Smith story is very moving （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
19．This is the place is worth visiting. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
20．I have many collections of stamps, some of are my favorite. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
21．The man is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
22．The classroom， door is broken， will soon be repaired. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
三、完成句子
23．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.（用定语从句合并句子）
24．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I lent her the new dress. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
25．The student’s article was published in the magazine. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
26．My grandparents live in a house. It lies at the foot of the mountain. （用定语从句合并句子）
27．You referred to a man in the meeting yesterday. I want to know the man. （用定语从句合并句子）
28．The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
29．The train was late. It was going to Nanning. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
30．I want to talk to the boys.Their homework hasn’t been handed in. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
31．The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
32．The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
33．The boys are my friends. The boys are playing football. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句)
34．The person is Mr. Ball. You should ask him about the matter. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句)
35．I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. (改写定语从句)
36．The student’s article was published. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子)
37．The fish isn’t fresh. We bought the fish yesterday. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句)
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B D C A A A A D C
题号 11 12 13 14 15
答案 D B C D A
1．B
【详解】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。分析句子可知，先行词是theories，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作of的宾语。故选B。
【名师点睛】对定语从句的考查主要是关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as, who在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；where, why, when在从句中分别作地点状语、原因状语和时间状语。要分析定语从句的结构，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。如果是“代词+of+关系代词”，注意先行词指人时用whom，先行词指物时用which。
2．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他写了很多儿童读物，其中几乎一半出版于上世纪90年代。先行词是children’s books，指物，在定语从句中作of后的宾语，用which引导，故选B。
3．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：安哥拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2008年。 Angela and her family spent together in China”是定语从句，修饰先行the exact year，空处所填词在从句中作spend的宾语，故用关系代词which。故选D。
4．C
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词；2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
5．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。
1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由等的名词，在从句中作状语。
例如：An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.
The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。注意：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略（非限制性定语从句中不可省略）。
例如：I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.
The suit (which / that) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.
3. 非限制性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that和关系副词why不可用于非限制性定语从句。
4. 作介词宾语的关系代词
在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词的宾语，即“介词+关系代词whom/which”，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。
例如：The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.
Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.
The room in which my family live used to be a garage.
6．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们再有一个月就能完成年初制订的销售目标。本题是一个定语从句，句中先行词为targets, 指物，在从句中充当set的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that。故选择A项。
7．A
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。
点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
8．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。故选A。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。
1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.
The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。
e.g. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.
The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.
3. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。
4. 作介词宾语的关系代词
在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。
e.g. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.
Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.
The room in which my family live used to be a garage.
9．D
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语，所以用关系代词引导。as引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。故选D
考点：考查定语从句关系代词。
【名师点睛】本题旨在考查定语从句中的关系词，要求学生掌握在什么情况下用关系副词，什么情况下用关系代词以及各自的意义。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
10．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。分析句子可知，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所属关系，所以关系代词为whose。故选C项。
11．D
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国日报有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国.根据句式结构来看出现了逗号，说明这是一个非限制性定语从句。首先that不能引导非限制性定语从句，who在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和宾语，指人，而whom也指人，却只能做宾语。which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。关系词代指前面的中国日报，在定语从句中做主语。故选D。
考点：考查非限制性定语从句
【名师点睛】关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。which在非限制性定语从句中通常是代指前面整个句子或者一个较长的词语，并且在从句中做主语。
12．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周，我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯》这本书，这是我的同学推荐给我的。______ my classmates recommended to me.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the book，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
13．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我一直都在期待着我的女儿能够阅读并理解我对她的感情的那一天。先行词是the day，后面的定语从句结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词when在句中做时间状语，同时引导这个定语从句。故C正确。
14．D
【详解】考查定语从句用法。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。句中的先行词为work，在从句a good impression is must中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故D正确。
15．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在水手不得不面对的许多危险中，可能最大的是雾霾。由句子意思可分析出，sailors have to face作定语，修饰先行词the many dangers，且从句缺少宾语（face...），要用关系代词。因此A选项正确。
【点睛】本题考查定语从句中which的用法，which所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等也就是说做题时要注意句子中是否缺少主语。宾语等成分，然后判断关系代词，学生要注意分析定语从句在不同情况下的应用，才能面对更多的题型。
16．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最后一个离开教室的人应该关窗户。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
17．who
【详解】考查定语从句关系代词的用法。句意：反对这个主意的人认为没有必要修建这座大坝。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词people在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
18．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识那个故事非常感人的史密斯先生吗？分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词Mr. Smith在从句中充当story的定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
19．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个值得参观的地方。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place，且先行词在从句中作主语，指地方应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
20．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有很多邮票，它们中一些是我的最爱。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词stamps在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
21．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在和我爸爸握手的是一个警察。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词the man在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
22．whose
【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词的用法。句意：这间教室很快就会被修理，它的门是坏的。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词classroom在从句中充当door的定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
23．I have a friend who likes listening to classical music./I have a friend that likes listening to classical music.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个朋友。他喜欢听古典音乐。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词who/that引导的定语从句，先行词a friend在从句中作主语成分，从句部分为who/that likes listening to classical music。故答案是：I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.
24．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I lent her.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天艾米丽穿着我借给她的那件新衣服。根据所给句子及题目要求可知，此处使用限定性定语从句进行合并简单句。第一句和第二句中the new dress作先行词，指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，用关系代词that或者which引导该从句，故改写为：Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I lent her.
25．I know the student whose article was published in the magazine.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表在杂志上。我认识这个学生。分析句子可知，两个句子的重叠部分为the student，所以 the student为先行词，其所有格修饰名词article作定语，第一句“The student’s article was published in the magazine.”可改写为定语从句whose article was published in the magazine，修饰第二句中the student，关系代词whose指代先行词的所有格，表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。故改为：I know the student whose article was published in the magazine.
26．My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的祖父母住在一所房子里。它位于山脚下。根据句意以及句子的要求提示可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词which/that引导的定语从句，先行词a house在从句作主语成分，从句部分为which/that lies at the foot of the mountain。故答案是：My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain.
27．I want to know the man (whom/who/that) you referred to in the meeting yesterday.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想认识一下你昨天在会上提到的那个人。要将两个句子合并成定语从句，后一句为主句，前一句为从句，修饰先行词the man，关系词在从句中做referred to的宾语，指人，可用who/whom/that引导，也可省略。故合并为I want to know the man (whom/who/that) you referred to in the meeting yesterday.
28．The letter that I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter which I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter I received yesterday is from my sister.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这封信是我姐姐寄来的。我昨天收到的。将the letter作为先行词，第二个句子处理为定语从句，先行词the letter指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导，或者将that省略。故答案是The letter (that/which) I received yesterday is from my sister.。
29．The train that/which was going to Nanning was late.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：火车晚点了。它是去南宁的。原句为两个句子，根据要求，合并为一个句子，it指代上文提到的the train，改写后的句子主语是the train，表达物的名词，后面接定语从句时，因在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which或that来引导，故答案为The train that/which was going to Nanning was late.
30．I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想和孩子们谈谈。他们的作业还没交。按照要求用定语从句合并句子，将第一句作主句，先行词是the boys，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作homework的定语，故用关系代词whose引导，将第二句中的Their替换为whose。故答案为：I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
31．The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother.
【详解】考查句型转换。句意：这个男孩是我弟弟。他一分钟前还在这里。根据句子要求可知，两句话可合成定语从句，先行词为The boy，为人，在从句was here a minute ago中作主语，所以这应用关系代词who或者that。故转变为The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother.
32．The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他正在爬的那棵树相当高。根据题干要求，将前句作为主句，后句改为定语从句，其中后句中宾语“it”指代前句中的主语“The tree”，因此，先行词确定为 “The tree”，在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that/which引导从句，也可省略关系词，因此定语从句为“(that/which) he is climbing”，置于先行词之后。故答案为：The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall.
33．The boys who/that are playing football are my friends.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在踢足球的那些男孩是我的朋友。原句是两个简单句，可将第二句改写为定语从句，先行词是boys，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词who或that引导，故答案为The boys who/that are playing football are my friends.
34．The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个人就是鲍尔先生。你应该问他这件事。根据要求可知，这两句可以合成限制性定语从句，先行词The person ，为人，在从句中作ask的宾语，所以可用关系代词who或者whom或者that。故改为The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball.
35．It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我看过这部电影，它是最有趣的电影。句子可理解为“这是我看过的最有趣的电影”，原句中的it指代的是“the film”，改为定语从句时，用film做先行词，前面用the most interesting修饰，先行词film是“电影”，且被最高级the most interesting修饰，因此关系代词只用that，不用which，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，that可省略，时态不变，因此句子改为“It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen”，故答案为It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen.
36．I know the student whose article was published.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表了。我认识这个学生。根据题干要求使用定语从句合并句子，可以使用whose引导定语从句对先行词student进行修饰，引导词在从句中作定语，意为“学生的”，表示所属关系。故答案为I know the student whose article was published.
37．The fish we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish that we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish which we bought yesterday isn’t fresh.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这条鱼不新鲜。我们昨天买了鱼。按照要求改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句，将第一句作为主句，第二句改成限制性定语从句，先行词是The fish，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作bought的宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导，也可以省略关系代词。故答案为：The fish (that/which) we bought yesterday isn’t fresh.。
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Unit 4 Natural Disasters 定语从句 专题练 2025-2026学年
高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
一、单项选择
1． Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of ________has been proved.
A．whom B．which
C．what D．that
2．He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of _______were published in the 1990s.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．that
3．The exact year _____ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008．
A．When B．where C．why D．which
4． Kate, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
A．whom B．that
C．whose D．her
5．I live next door to a couple ________children often make a lot of noise.
A．whose B．why
C．where D．which
6．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month _______ we set at the beginning of the year.
A．which B．where C．when D．what
7． She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
A．which B．who
C．as D．that
8．The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A．that B．as
C．where D．when
9．It is a truly delightful place, ________looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A．as B．where
C．that D．which
10．The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
A．which B．what C．whose D．that
11．China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
A．who B．whom
C．that D．which
12．I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.
A．who B．which
C．when D．Where
13．I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A．as B．why C．when D．where
14．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
A．which B．when C．as D．where
15．Among the many dangers__________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A．which B．what
C．where D．when
二、语法填空
16．The last one leaves the classroom should close the windows. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
17．People are against the idea think it is unnecessary to build the dam. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
18．Do you know Mr. Smith story is very moving （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
19．This is the place is worth visiting. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
20．I have many collections of stamps, some of are my favorite. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
21．The man is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
22．The classroom， door is broken， will soon be repaired. （用定语从句的关系代词填空）
三、完成句子
23．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.（用定语从句合并句子）
24．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I lent her the new dress. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
25．The student’s article was published in the magazine. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
26．My grandparents live in a house. It lies at the foot of the mountain. （用定语从句合并句子）
27．You referred to a man in the meeting yesterday. I want to know the man. （用定语从句合并句子）
28．The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
29．The train was late. It was going to Nanning. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
30．I want to talk to the boys.Their homework hasn’t been handed in. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
31．The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
32．The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. (用定语从句合并句子)
→
33．The boys are my friends. The boys are playing football. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句)
34．The person is Mr. Ball. You should ask him about the matter. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句)
35．I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. (改写定语从句)
36．The student’s article was published. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子)
37．The fish isn’t fresh. We bought the fish yesterday. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句)
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B D C A A A A D C
题号 11 12 13 14 15
答案 D B C D A
1．B
【详解】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。分析句子可知，先行词是theories，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作of的宾语。故选B。
【名师点睛】对定语从句的考查主要是关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as, who在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；where, why, when在从句中分别作地点状语、原因状语和时间状语。要分析定语从句的结构，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。如果是“代词+of+关系代词”，注意先行词指人时用whom，先行词指物时用which。
2．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他写了很多儿童读物，其中几乎一半出版于上世纪90年代。先行词是children’s books，指物，在定语从句中作of后的宾语，用which引导，故选B。
3．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：安哥拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2008年。 Angela and her family spent together in China”是定语从句，修饰先行the exact year，空处所填词在从句中作spend的宾语，故用关系代词which。故选D。
4．C
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词；2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
5．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。
1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由等的名词，在从句中作状语。
例如：An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.
The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。注意：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略（非限制性定语从句中不可省略）。
例如：I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.
The suit (which / that) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.
3. 非限制性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that和关系副词why不可用于非限制性定语从句。
4. 作介词宾语的关系代词
在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词的宾语，即“介词+关系代词whom/which”，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。
例如：The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.
Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.
The room in which my family live used to be a garage.
6．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们再有一个月就能完成年初制订的销售目标。本题是一个定语从句，句中先行词为targets, 指物，在从句中充当set的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that。故选择A项。
7．A
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。
点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
8．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。故选A。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。
1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.
The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。
e.g. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.
The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.
3. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。
4. 作介词宾语的关系代词
在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。
e.g. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.
Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.
The room in which my family live used to be a garage.
9．D
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语，所以用关系代词引导。as引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。故选D
考点：考查定语从句关系代词。
【名师点睛】本题旨在考查定语从句中的关系词，要求学生掌握在什么情况下用关系副词，什么情况下用关系代词以及各自的意义。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
10．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。分析句子可知，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所属关系，所以关系代词为whose。故选C项。
11．D
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国日报有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国.根据句式结构来看出现了逗号，说明这是一个非限制性定语从句。首先that不能引导非限制性定语从句，who在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和宾语，指人，而whom也指人，却只能做宾语。which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。关系词代指前面的中国日报，在定语从句中做主语。故选D。
考点：考查非限制性定语从句
【名师点睛】关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。which在非限制性定语从句中通常是代指前面整个句子或者一个较长的词语，并且在从句中做主语。
12．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周，我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯》这本书，这是我的同学推荐给我的。______ my classmates recommended to me.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the book，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
13．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我一直都在期待着我的女儿能够阅读并理解我对她的感情的那一天。先行词是the day，后面的定语从句结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词when在句中做时间状语，同时引导这个定语从句。故C正确。
14．D
【详解】考查定语从句用法。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。句中的先行词为work，在从句a good impression is must中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故D正确。
15．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在水手不得不面对的许多危险中，可能最大的是雾霾。由句子意思可分析出，sailors have to face作定语，修饰先行词the many dangers，且从句缺少宾语（face...），要用关系代词。因此A选项正确。
【点睛】本题考查定语从句中which的用法，which所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等也就是说做题时要注意句子中是否缺少主语。宾语等成分，然后判断关系代词，学生要注意分析定语从句在不同情况下的应用，才能面对更多的题型。
16．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最后一个离开教室的人应该关窗户。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
17．who
【详解】考查定语从句关系代词的用法。句意：反对这个主意的人认为没有必要修建这座大坝。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词people在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
18．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识那个故事非常感人的史密斯先生吗？分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词Mr. Smith在从句中充当story的定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
19．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个值得参观的地方。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place，且先行词在从句中作主语，指地方应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
20．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有很多邮票，它们中一些是我的最爱。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词stamps在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
21．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在和我爸爸握手的是一个警察。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词the man在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
22．whose
【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词的用法。句意：这间教室很快就会被修理，它的门是坏的。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词classroom在从句中充当door的定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
23．I have a friend who likes listening to classical music./I have a friend that likes listening to classical music.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个朋友。他喜欢听古典音乐。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词who/that引导的定语从句，先行词a friend在从句中作主语成分，从句部分为who/that likes listening to classical music。故答案是：I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.
24．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I lent her.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天艾米丽穿着我借给她的那件新衣服。根据所给句子及题目要求可知，此处使用限定性定语从句进行合并简单句。第一句和第二句中the new dress作先行词，指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，用关系代词that或者which引导该从句，故改写为：Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I lent her.
25．I know the student whose article was published in the magazine.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表在杂志上。我认识这个学生。分析句子可知，两个句子的重叠部分为the student，所以 the student为先行词，其所有格修饰名词article作定语，第一句“The student’s article was published in the magazine.”可改写为定语从句whose article was published in the magazine，修饰第二句中the student，关系代词whose指代先行词的所有格，表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。故改为：I know the student whose article was published in the magazine.
26．My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的祖父母住在一所房子里。它位于山脚下。根据句意以及句子的要求提示可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词which/that引导的定语从句，先行词a house在从句作主语成分，从句部分为which/that lies at the foot of the mountain。故答案是：My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain.
27．I want to know the man (whom/who/that) you referred to in the meeting yesterday.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想认识一下你昨天在会上提到的那个人。要将两个句子合并成定语从句，后一句为主句，前一句为从句，修饰先行词the man，关系词在从句中做referred to的宾语，指人，可用who/whom/that引导，也可省略。故合并为I want to know the man (whom/who/that) you referred to in the meeting yesterday.
28．The letter that I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter which I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter I received yesterday is from my sister.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这封信是我姐姐寄来的。我昨天收到的。将the letter作为先行词，第二个句子处理为定语从句，先行词the letter指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导，或者将that省略。故答案是The letter (that/which) I received yesterday is from my sister.。
29．The train that/which was going to Nanning was late.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：火车晚点了。它是去南宁的。原句为两个句子，根据要求，合并为一个句子，it指代上文提到的the train，改写后的句子主语是the train，表达物的名词，后面接定语从句时，因在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which或that来引导，故答案为The train that/which was going to Nanning was late.
30．I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想和孩子们谈谈。他们的作业还没交。按照要求用定语从句合并句子，将第一句作主句，先行词是the boys，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作homework的定语，故用关系代词whose引导，将第二句中的Their替换为whose。故答案为：I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
31．The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother.
【详解】考查句型转换。句意：这个男孩是我弟弟。他一分钟前还在这里。根据句子要求可知，两句话可合成定语从句，先行词为The boy，为人，在从句was here a minute ago中作主语，所以这应用关系代词who或者that。故转变为The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother.
32．The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他正在爬的那棵树相当高。根据题干要求，将前句作为主句，后句改为定语从句，其中后句中宾语“it”指代前句中的主语“The tree”，因此，先行词确定为 “The tree”，在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that/which引导从句，也可省略关系词，因此定语从句为“(that/which) he is climbing”，置于先行词之后。故答案为：The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall.
33．The boys who/that are playing football are my friends.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在踢足球的那些男孩是我的朋友。原句是两个简单句，可将第二句改写为定语从句，先行词是boys，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词who或that引导，故答案为The boys who/that are playing football are my friends.
34．The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个人就是鲍尔先生。你应该问他这件事。根据要求可知，这两句可以合成限制性定语从句，先行词The person ，为人，在从句中作ask的宾语，所以可用关系代词who或者whom或者that。故改为The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball.
35．It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我看过这部电影，它是最有趣的电影。句子可理解为“这是我看过的最有趣的电影”，原句中的it指代的是“the film”，改为定语从句时，用film做先行词，前面用the most interesting修饰，先行词film是“电影”，且被最高级the most interesting修饰，因此关系代词只用that，不用which，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，that可省略，时态不变，因此句子改为“It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen”，故答案为It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen.
36．I know the student whose article was published.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表了。我认识这个学生。根据题干要求使用定语从句合并句子，可以使用whose引导定语从句对先行词student进行修饰，引导词在从句中作定语，意为“学生的”，表示所属关系。故答案为I know the student whose article was published.
37．The fish we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish that we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish which we bought yesterday isn’t fresh.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这条鱼不新鲜。我们昨天买了鱼。按照要求改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句，将第一句作为主句，第二句改成限制性定语从句，先行词是The fish，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作bought的宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导，也可以省略关系代词。故答案为：The fish (that/which) we bought yesterday isn’t fresh.。
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