Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Reading and Thinking 教学设计人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

1018540010909300Teaching and Learning Design
选择性必修Book2 Unit2 Bridging Cultures
教学设计
Teaching and learning contents: Reading and thinking—Language Focus and Thinking Quality Development
Comprehensive teaching and learning objectives:
By the end of this period, the students will have been able to:
1) Learn about the usages of new words, chunks and sentence patterns and try to use them in real language situations to improve language competence;
3) Comprehend the text better to reconstruct the text and improve thinking quality.
Teaching and learning important points:
1) Language focus and better reading comprehension;
2) Learning to analyse the structure of the underlined compound and complex sentences;
3) Text reconstruction and thinking quality improvement.
Teaching and learning difficult points:
New language items learning, analysis of the underlined compound and complex sentences, text reconstruction and thinking quality improvement.
Teaching and learning procedure:
Step 1 Review
Activity 1 Review
Check the answers to the reading comprehension exercises in reference book to review the main content of the text and improve the students’ reading comprehension of the text.
Step 2 Language Focus
(In this step, the teacher explains some of the new and important language items in the context by offering some examples so that the students could comprehend the text better, and also focus on how to use the language items in specific language situations created by the teacher or doing some exercises such as sentence making and blank-filling exercises to help the students to grasp their usages.)
Activity 2 Learning about how to understand long sentences
1. Learn about the strategies of understanding long sentences
English structures are different from those in Chinese, but you can figure out what a long sentence means by following a few simple steps.
1) Decide if the sentence is simple, compound (look for and, but, or, etc.) or complex (look for who, when, where, etc.) sentence according the sentence structure and verb(s).
2) Find the two sub-clause if it is a compound sentence. Find the main clause and subordinate clause if it is a complex sentence.
3) Look for modifiers such as articles, adjectives, adverbs, prepositional phrases, non-finite verbs/verbal phrases and subordinate clauses.
1. Work together to analyse the structures in the underlined sentences.
1) I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English names for.
A complex sentence with an attributive/relative clause (I didn’t ... for). (and连接两个how to结构作宾语I didn’t know…是省略了that / which的定语从句，修饰先行词things)
2) Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new culture.
A complex sentence with an adverbial clause (Although ... accommodation) and an attributive clause (who ... culture). ( although引导让步状语从句； who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a host family)
3) The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought!
A complex sentence with an attributive/relative clause (that she had to ... essay) and two object clauses combined with but (that she must... ideas, that he mainly ... thought). The first object clause includes an adverbial clause (if ... ideas) and an object clause (what other people had said). The second object clause includes another object clause (what she thought). (that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the first time；but连接由that(第二个和第三个)引导的两个宾语从句；第一个宾语从句中含有what引导的宾语从句以及if引导的条件状语从句，第二个宾语从句中含有what引导的宾语从句)
4) At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
A compound-complex sentence with two sentences (At first ... say, what surprised ... weeks) combined with but. The first sentence includes an appositive clause (what ... say), and the second sentence includes a subject clause (what surprised her) and a predicative clause (that she found ... weeks). (第一个what引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的内容，第二个what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句)
Activity 3 Learning about the new language items
Learn about the following new language items:
1. It was the first time that she had left China. 这是她第一次离开中国。
句式结构：It/This/That＋is/was＋the first/the second/...time (that) 主语＋现在完成时(have/has done)/过去完成时(had done)”表示“这/那是某人第一/第二/……次……”。that从句中的谓语动词要用完成时态，即现在完成时态或过去完成时态，由主句的be动词的时态决定。
e.g. This is my first time that I have invited to attend our program—“Talk and Talk”.
这是我第一次邀请您参加我们的节目——“Talk and Talk”。
This was the second time that the teaching assistant had been blamed by the headmaster.
这是那位助教第二次受到校长的责备。
2. “I didn’t know what to expect,” Xie Lei recalled. “我不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆到。
recall vt. & vi.记起；回想起；vt. 召回
recall n. 记忆力，记性 beyond recall无法回忆起，记不起来
e.g. .She could not recall his name.
I don’t recall seeing any cars parked outside.
The Ambassador was recalled from Washington.
The ground has been polluted beyond recall.
3. qualification n.(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历
qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格
qualified adj.合格的；有资格的
acquire/gain/get/obtain/have/hold qualifications获得/取得/得到/拿到/拥有/持有资格
have the qualification to do sth.有资格做某事
qualify sb. for...使某人具备……的资格；使某人胜任……
be qualified for sth./to do sth.有……的资格；可胜任……/有资格做某事
e.g. The test qualifies you to drive heavy vehicles.
She hopes to qualify as a lawyer at the end of the year.
This training course will qualify you for a better job.
The guides are qualified to lead groups into the mountains.
Dawn is well qualified for her new role.
You have made full preparations for this event, which makes you have qualifications to show up here.
你为本次活动做了充分的准备，这使你有资格在这里亮相。
I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with, which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
Considering it as a qualification for my job, I put it up on the dashboard, but later found it gone.
Now that you graduated from a key university, you have the qualification to apply for the position.
→Now that you graduated from a key university, you are qualified to apply for the position.
4. My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation. 我的志向是毕业后回中国创办一家企业。
ambition n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负
achieve / fulfil / realize one’s ambition 实现某人的抱负
lifelong ambition 终身追求
be full of ambition满腹雄心
a lack of ambition 胸无大志
ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的
be ambitious for 渴望获得
e.g. His ambition is to sail round the world.
He was young and full of ambition.
She fulfilled her ambition to run the 10,000 metres in under 30 minutes.
The young man was determined to achieve his ambition.
He is an ambitious young manger.
He’s very ambitious for his children.
5. campus accommodation校园住宿
campus accommodation是名词campus作定语的用法。作定语的名词往往表明所修饰名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。如：
材料：a diamond necklace, a bamboo pole, paper money
用途：a meeting room, the railway station, a water pipe
时间：the dinner party, an evening suit, a midday lunch
地点：London hotels, Beijing University, the kitchen window
内容：a story book, piano lessons, the sports meet
类别：children education, enemy soldiers, a bus driver
注意：作定语的名词一般为单数形式，但也有少数特例，如：sports car（跑车），saving/savings bank（储蓄银行），clothes shop（服装店），a teachers/teachers’ college（师范学院），eight hours/hours’ sleep（八个小时睡眠）等。
6. adaptation n.适应；改编本；改编
adapt vi.& vt.(使)适应 vt.改编；改写
adapt/adjust to 适应/适合……
adapt/adjust oneself to 使自己适应……
adapt...from... 根据……改编……
adapt...for...把……改写/改编成……
adaptable adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的
e.g. We’d appreciate it if you could spare some time to go through our adaptation.
The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school.
It is the third time that we have adapted a story from our English textbook for a short play.
这是我们第三次把英语课本上的故事改编成短剧。
Taking some online courses in spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt yourself to the Chinese language environment. 参加一些在线汉语口语课程可以帮助你适应汉语语言环境。
The weather has helped to make Englishmen adaptable.
7. “When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second family,” Xie Lei said.
“有第二个家，想家时我会得到一丝安慰。”谢蕾说
comfort n.安慰[u]；令人感到安慰的人或事物[c]；舒服[u]；安逸vt. 安慰；抚慰
in comfort 舒适地；放松地
be a comfort to 对……是安慰
comfortable adj.舒适的；安逸的；自在的
uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的
comfortably adv.舒服地；舒适地；安逸地
for comfort 为了舒服
It be a comfort to do sth. 做……是件令人安慰的事
give comfort to sb. 安慰某人
e.g. I put my hand on his shoulder to comfort and encourage him. 我把手放在他的肩膀上安慰和鼓励他。
He was used to a life of comfort.
Your kindness has given me much comfort.
It’s a comfort to know there’s someone to keep an eye on the kids.
This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.
Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.
My words were a real comfort to him and he rose to his feet.
我的话对他来说是一种真正的安慰，他站了起来。
In this way, students can practice with others who are at a similar level and feel more comfortable speaking with each other.
通过这种方式，学生们可以和水平相近的人一起练习，彼此交谈时感觉更舒服。
8. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought!
她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
1) 句式结构：the first time (that)…，句中the first time引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。类似句式还有the last/next time...意为“上次/下次……”，any time/every time/each time/the moment/the instant/the minute等都可以充当连词，引导时间状语从句。
e.g. I had a good time the first time (that) I climbed the mountain with my father.
我第一次和父亲爬山时度过了愉快的时光。
You’ll never know how excited I was the moment I heard the good news.
你永远不会知道我听到这个好消息时有多激动。
Each/Every time I am stuck in difficulties, my tutor will comfort me gently. I clearly recall that the last time I failed in the physics examination, he offered me some reasonable proposals.
每次我陷入困难时，我的导师都会温柔地安慰我。我清晰地记得，上次我的物理考试不及格时，他给了我一些合理的建议。
2) cite v. 引用，引证(=quote)；提及（原因）；举出（示例），列举；〈法律〉传唤;
e.g. He cites just one example. 他只引用了一个例子。
He cited his heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown.
他说繁重的工作负荷是导致他累垮的原因。
9. participation n.参加；参与
participate vi.参加；参与
participate in 参加；参与
表示“参加”的短语还有：join in，take part in，get involved in等。
participant n.参加者；参与者
e.g. Thank you for your participation. 谢谢你的参与。
My active participation taught me a valuable lesson: We can warm the hearts of those in need by a dose of compassion and a bright happy smile.我的积极参与给我上了宝贵的一课：我们可以用一剂同情和一个灿烂快乐的微笑来温暖那些需要帮助的人的心。
Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.
You thought you were going to fail when I first asked you to participate in the writing contest！
当我第一次邀请你参加写作比赛时，你以为你会失败！
10. presentation n.报告；陈述；出示；拿出；颁奖仪式
make/give a presentation作报告
present vt.颁发；赠送；呈现 n.礼物 adj.目前的；在场的
present sb. with sth赠予某人某物；授予某人……(奖项)
present sth to sb. 赠予某人某物；向某人提出……(观点、计划等)
e.g. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation ceremony in two days. 我被告知我在写作比赛中获得了第一名，两天后将举行颁奖典礼。
My classmates and I are overjoyed to hear that you’ll stay in our school for one week this summer vacation，during which time you’ll give us a presentation about art in Western countries.
There is no doubt that you are qualified enough and experienced in presenting your ideas.
They will present three options to the unions for discussion.
At the award presentation ceremony hosted in the school hall, the headmaster kindly presented me with the award for the best writer. 在学校大厅举行的颁奖典礼上，校长亲切地给我颁发了最佳作者奖。
11. At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么。但使她惊奇的是，没过几周，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。
1) 句式结构：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构意为“发现某人/某物处于某种状况中”，其中宾语补足语可以为名词、形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词等；如果find的宾语是动词不定式或从句，而其后有宾语补足语时，习惯上用形式宾语it来代替，并把真正的宾语放在后面。
e.g. That was why none of the children found it unusual for David to join the cross-country team.
这就是为什么没有一个孩子认为大卫加入越野队是不寻常的。
But anyway, I still found it hard to believe the news until I attended the award presentation and got my certificate. 但无论如何，我还是觉得很难相信这个消息，直到我参加了颁奖典礼并获得了我的证书。
I suddenly found myself running down the street.
I found myself surrounded by a group of children.
While working in the farmyard, I found it very hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.
→While working in the farmyard, I found that it was very hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.
2) speak up 大声点说；明确表态
speak up for 支持；替……说话
speak for 代表……讲话；为……辩护
speak of 谈到；讲到
speak out大胆说出
e.g. Could you speak up? We can’t hear at the back.
The chairman has spoken up in support of the campaign.
I think we should all band together and speak up for better working conditions.
12. Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK.
一年的交换生涯已经过半，谢蕾感觉在英国过得轻松自如多了。
feel at home (=to feel comfortable in a place or with a person) 舒服自在，不拘束
make yourself at home 别拘束
feel at ease 舒适，不拘束，自由自在
put sb. at ease使某人放松/舒适/自在
e.g. I’m already feeling at home in the new apartment.
At first we didn’t feel at ease before him. 开始时我们在他面前有些拘束。
13. “Engaging in British culture has helped,” she said. “融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”她说。
engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣)
engage (oneself/sb.) in (使某人)从事；参与
engage in (使)从事；参与
be/become/get engaged in 从事；忙于；专注于
be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚
engage sb.’s interest / attention 吸引某人的兴趣/注意
engage with sb./sth. 与某人/某事物建立密切关系
engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的；被占用的；使用中的
engagement n. 约会，约定；订婚；婚约
e.g. Only 10% of Chinese adults engage in regular exercise.
Tu Youyou is engaged in her scientific research.
What shocked us was that he was engaged to Mary. Their engagement was beyond our expectations.
Upon hearing this, David was quite engaged and told me that he could empathize with me and would follow in my footsteps. 听到这话，大卫非常投入，他告诉我，他能够理解我，并会追随我的脚步。
In this way, students can engage themselves in/be engaged in conversations and learn from each other.
通过这种方式，学生们可以参与到对话中，并相互学习。
Are you so tired that you don’t have the energy to engage with your kids?
你累得没有精力和孩子们相处吗？
He has a number of social engagements next week. 他下周有很多社交活动。
14. As well as studying hard, I’ve been involved in social activities.
努力学习之余，我还参加了一些社会活动。
involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加
involved adj.参与的；投入的；涉及的
involvement n.参与；投入，沉迷
involve sb. in (doing) sth....使某人参与；使某人介入
involve/including (doing) sth. 包含/需要(做)某事
be/become/get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联
e.g. The more people are involved, the better the ocean environment is.
参与的人越多，海洋环境就会越好。
Parents should involve themselves in their child’s education.
From my point of view, it is not the activities we organize but our classmates’ involvement that counts.
On arrival, they presented the kids with gifts. Then they involved the kids in activities.
Anyone interested in Chinese traditional culture can involve yourself in/get involved in the activity.
任何对中国传统文化感兴趣的人都可以参与这个活动。
15. edition n. 版本，版次；（报纸、杂志的）一份；（广播、电视节目的）一期，一辑
edit vt. 剪辑；编辑；主编编辑，编纂，校订（文章、书籍等）
editor n. 主编，编辑；记者；剪辑员；编者；编辑程序
e.g. The dictionary is now in its sixth edition. 本词典现在是第六版。
Tonight’s edition of ‘Panorama’ looks at unemployment. 今晚这辑《全景》探讨的是失业问题。
I know that this draft text will need to be edited. 我知道这篇草稿需要校订。
You can download the file and edit it on your word processor.
你可以把文件下载，用文字处理系统做编辑。
The editor of the magazine was hard up for material. 那家杂志的编辑缺少材料.
Step 3 Post Reading—Text reconstruction and thinking quality improvement
Activity 4 Text reconstruction thinking quality improvement
1. Reconstruct the text by talking about the change of Xie Lei’s feelings and reasons, using the words, phrases, and sentence structures learned above.
2. Discuss the following questions and then give a presentation.
If there was an international exchange programme offering you a chance to study abroad, would you go abroad to study? Why or why not? If you went abroad to study, what would you learn and what difficulties would you meet and how would you handle the difficulties?
Step 4 Evaluation and summary
Activity 5 Self-evaluation
Guide the students to reflect on their learning of this period by considering the following aspects.
1. How is your mastery of the new language items? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor)
2. How is your learning performance? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor)
3. What will you do to consolidate the new language items you have learned?
Activity 6 Summary
(The teacher) Summarize the usages of the main language items of this period briefly and encourage the students to have a broad horizon and explore different cultures.
Homework:
1. Arrange notes after class to consolidate the new language items.
2. Complete the vocabulary exercises in the workbook.
3. Complete the vocabulary exercises in the reference book.