(共15张PPT)
八年级上册
第10讲 Units 9-10
考点 1:invite的用法
考点 2:accept与receive
考点 3:answer与reply
考点4:advise的用法
考点 1
1. invite sb.“邀请某人”。如:
Why don't you invite them here
你干嘛不请他们到这儿来?
2. invite sb. to do sth. “邀请某人做某事”。如:
I should invite them to join us. 我应邀请他们加入我们。
3. invite sb. to a place “邀请某人到某处”。如:
He invited his classmates to his house yesterday.
昨天,他邀请他的同学们去他家了。
invite “邀请;招待”,其过去式为invited, 过去分词为invited, 现在分词为 inviting。基本用法有:
invite的名词
She received a letter of invitation yesterday.
昨天她收到了一封请柬。
invite 的名词形式为invitation,意为“邀请;请柬”。
Tom is preparing for the coming exam, so he has to refuse the invitation to the party.
汤姆正为即将到来的考试做准备,所以他拒绝了派对的邀请。
Harry invited me________ with him when his parents were out of town.
A. stay B. stayed C. staying D. to stay
(天津中考)
解析:考查动词固定结构。句意:哈利父母亲不在镇上的时候,他邀请我去陪他。invite sb. to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”,是固定结构。
答案: D
考点 2
accept用作动词,意为“接受”,指经过考虑,由主观意志来决定接受,动作者本身是主动的。如:
He couldn't accept our suggestions but our gifts.
他们不能接受我们的建议,但接受了我们的礼品。
She was very glad to accept the invitation.
她非常愉快地接受了邀请。
receive也是作动词,意为“接收;接待”。作“接收”时是指收到某物这一动作,本身有一定的被动性,不包含本身是否愿意接受的意思。如:
He did not receive a good education at university.
他没在大学受过良好教育。
I received an invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.
昨天我接收到一份参加晚会的邀请,但我拒绝接受它。
Our school receives 20 parents every week.
我们学校每周接待20个家长。
With all her efforts, the children finally___________(接受) her as one of the family.
accepted
解析:考查动词的时态。句意:经过她的努力,孩子们终于接受了她作为家庭的一员。根据With all her efforts“经过她的努力”可以推断出,是经过深思熟虑,主动“接受”了她成为家庭的一员的,应该用accept;又因为这是努力后的结果,所以应该用过去时。
答案: accepted
(苏州中考)
考点 3
answer 可用作及物或不及物动词,而 reply 除后接 that 从句或引出直接引语时作及物动词外,一般只用作不及物动词,其后若接名词或代词作宾语,应借助介词 to。如:
He replied that he had changed his mind. 他回答说他改变了主意。
He did not even have the time to reply to my fax. 他连回复我传真的时间都没有。
answer和reply都可以表示“回答”,但 answer 属常用词,多用于一般性应答,而 reply 则较正式,多指经过考虑而作出答复。
answer“接听”
answer 除表示“回答”外,还可表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响作出反应等(常与 telephone, door, bell, doorbell 等连用)。但 reply 却不能这样用。如:
Who answered the telephone 谁接的电话
It’s very dangerous for us _____ the mobile phone while crossing the street.
A. answering B. to answer C. answer
(益阳中考)
解析:考查固定句式。句意:对于我们来说,在过马路时接电话非常危险。It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 是固定句式,it是形式主语,to do sth.是真正的主语。answer是及物动词,意为“接听”。
答案: B
考点 4
advise 表示“建议”,是及物动词。用法如下:
1. advise doing sth. “建议做某事” 。如:
I advise waiting till the right time. 我建议等到适当的时候。
2. advise sb. to do sth. “建议某人做某事”。如:
He advised us to sell the house. 他建议我们把房子卖了。
The doctor advised me to stop smoking. 医生建议我戒烟。
3. advise后若接 that 从句,通常要用虚拟语气 (should +v.原形)。如:
He advised that I (should) write her a letter. 他建议我给她写封信。
advice和suggestion
advise的名词形式为advice,是不可数名词;而suggestion作“建议”讲时,是可数名词。
What good advice it is! 多好的建议啊!
I have a piece of advice. 我有一条建议。
I have some advice about this thing.
=I have some suggestions about this thing.
关于此事,我有些建议。
(绥化中考)
Can you give me some _______ , please
A. message B. suggestion C. advice
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:请你给我一些建议,好吗?some后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词,message和suggestion是可数名词单数,故排除。
答案: C
Neil’s coach gave him several _______________ (建议) to avoid getting lost.
suggestions
解析:句意:尼尔的教练给了他几条避免迷路的建议。several“若干;一些”,后加可数名词的复数形式。suggestion“建议”是可数名词,复数形式是suggestions。
答案: suggestions(共29张PPT)
八年级上册
第6讲 Units 1-2
考点1:a little, little, few与a few
考点2:seem的用法
考点3:decide与decision的用法
考点4:try的用法
考点5:enough的用法
考点6:as的用法
考点7:so与such的用法
辨析
a little
little
a few
few
考点 1
“一点儿”,修饰不可数名词
“很少”,修饰不可数名词
“很少”,修饰
可数名词复数
“一些;若干”, 相当于 several 修 饰可数名词复数
易混警示
a little =a bit =kind of,意为“一点儿;稍微”,修饰形容词,作状语。
a little 修饰可数名词,意为“小”。如:
a little girl 一个小女孩
a little 修饰不可数名词,强调“少”。如:
a little water 一点儿水
little water 几乎没有水
易混警示
few 意为“很少的; 几乎没有的”,是形容词,修饰可数名词复数。如:
There are few people in the classroom at this time.
这个时候,教室里几乎没有人。
few 意为“很少; 有些(人、事物、地方); 少数人”,是代词,在句中可作主语、宾语等。
Few of the students like the mean man.
很少有学生喜欢这个吝啬的人。
Can you do the work well with time and people
A. less;few B. few;little C. less;fewer D. fewer; less
(天水中考)
解析:考查形容词的用法辨析。句意:你能用更少的时间和更少的人把这项工作做好吗?time“时间”是不可数名词,修饰不可数名词用little,little的比较级是less;people“人们”是集合名词,应该用few修饰,few的比较级是fewer。and是并列连词,所连接的前后形式应该一致。
答案: C
Come on! Suzhou Museum is only a few_________(步) further.
(苏州中考)
解析:考查名词的数。句意:加油!苏州博物馆只有几步远了。a few“一些;若干”后面应接可数名词复数。“步”的英文表达是step,其复数形式是steps。
答案: steps
steps
考点 2
1.主语+ seem +to be+表语,以说明主语的特征或状态。
表语是形容词时,to be可省略。如:
Tom seems to be a very clever boy.
汤姆看上去像是一个非常聪明的男孩。
The man over there seems to be a new teacher.
那边的那个人看上去像一个新老师。
Mr. Black seemed (to be) quite happy.
布莱克先生好像十分快乐。
seem可用作连系动词或不及物动词,意为“似乎;好像”。
2. 主语+ seem + 不定式,此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成
复合谓语。如:
Mrs. Green doesn’t seem to like the idea.
格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。
The children seemed to be eating something in the room.
孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。
The young man seemed to have changed much.
这个年轻人看起来变化很大。
3. It seems + that从句,其中it 是形式主语,that引导主语从句。
如:
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.
似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么。
It seems that Mr. Brown will not come again.
看来布朗先生不会再来了。
句型转换
It seems that it is going to rain.
It seems to rain.
He seems (to be) sad.
It seems that he is sad.
It _________(似乎)that something is wrong with the computer.
I will get it repaired soon.
解析:考查动词的时态。句意:这台电脑好像出了毛病。我将很快找人修。由从句中的is可知,主句必须用现在的某一种时态。It是第三人称单数,seem应该用seems形式。
答案: seems
seems
考点 3
decide “决定”是及物动词。其用法有:
1. decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。如:
We decided to buy a black car for our son at last.
最后,我们决定为儿子买一辆黑色汽车。
2. decide not to do sth. “决定不做某事”。如:
They decided not to go there for their vacation at last.
最后,他们决定不去那儿度假。
decision “决定”是可数名词。其用法有:
1. make a decision“做决定”。如:
They have made a decision to climb the mountains.
他们已经决定去爬山。
2. make one’s own decision “自己做决定”。如:
Teenagers should make their own decisions.
青少年应该自己做决定。
句型转换
I have not decided when we will leave next week.
I have not decided when to leave next week.
宾语从句
特殊疑问词+to do
—Tom, why have you decided ____ Chinese folk music as a course
—Because I like Chinese culture very much.
A. take B. taken C. to take D. taking
(百色中考)
解析:考查固定搭配。句意:—汤姆,你为什么决定选择中国民间音乐作为一门功课?—因为我非常喜欢中国文化。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”是固定搭配。
答案: C
考点 4
try 意为“努力;设法;尝试”,其用法有:
1. try to do sth.“努力做某事”。如:
I tried to finish this work yesterday.
昨天,我努力完成这项工作。
2. try doing sth. “尝试做某事”。如:
I tried opening the window. 我尝试着打开窗户。
3. try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”,相当于 do one’s best to do sth. 如:
I tried my best to carry the box to the classroom.
= I did my best to carry the box to the classroom.
我尽我最大的努力把这个箱子搬到了教室。
易错辨析
1. try to do sth.“努力/设法做某事”,但是不一定成功。
2. manage to do sth.“设法做某事”,表示取得成功。
He tried to pass the exam. 他设法通过考试。(不一定通过)
He managed to pass the exam. 他设法通过了考试。(通过)
考点 5
enough意为“足够的(地);充分的(地);充足的(地)”,既是形容词,也是副词。
1. enough作形容词时,如果修饰名词,应放在名词的前面。如:
There is enough money to buy two books in my purse.
我钱包里有足够买两本书的钱。
2. enough作副词时,应放在形容词/副词的后面。如:
The room is big enough to hold 200 people. 这个房间够大,可以容纳200人。
句型转换
The box is heavy enough for me to carry. (简单句)
The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. (复合句)
结果状语从句
—May I be allowed to choose a summer course
—It's up to you. You're ________ to make your own decision.
A. too old B. enough old C. old enough
(郴州中考)
解析:考查副词的用法。句意:——可以允许我选择夏天的课程吗?——这取决于你。你足够大了,可以自己做决定。根据 It’s up to you.“这取决于你。”可推知,对方足够大了,可以自己做决定。old“大的;老的”是形容词,enough 修饰形容词需后置。
答案: C
考点 6
as作副词,表示程度,意为“同样地”。用于as…as“和……一样”和not as…as“和……不一样”结构中。如:
Jack is as tall as his father.杰克和他的父亲一样高。
He doesn't speak English as fluently as you.他的英语说得不如你流利。
as作介词,意为“作为;像”。如:
They got united as one man.他们团结得像一个人一样。
As a writer, he was famous. 作为作家,他是很有名的。
as作连词,常用来引导状语从句。如:
1.引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候” ,有“随着……”之意, 与while意义相近,强调两个动作同时发生;或某事一发生,另一事立即发生。如:
I was startled as he opened the door.他一开门,我吓了一跳。
2.引导方式状语从句,作“正如;像”解。如:
When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
含as的固定词组:
1. as soon as 一……就
2. as/so long as 只要
3. as if/though 好像;仿佛
4. as for 关于;至于
5. as much/many as 与……一样多
6. so/as far as I know 据我所知
7. as a result 结果
8. as well 也;还
9. as soon as possible 尽可能快地
My father thinks writing is as as reading.
A. interesting B. interested
C. more interesting D. more interested
(葫芦岛中考)
解析:考查形容词的用法。句意:我的父亲认为写作与阅读一样有趣。as...as 意为“和……一样”,其中第一个as为副词,后跟形容词或副词原级,排除C和D。writing“写作”,指事物,故排除B。
答案: A
考点 7
so “如此”“这样”,用作副词,修饰形容词或副词原级。主要结构有:
1.so +adj.+a/an +可数名词单数 (+that从句)
2.so+adj./adv. (+that从句)
3.so+many/few/much/little+名词 (+that从句)
4. so that “为了;以便于”
such “如此”“这样”,用作形容词,修饰名词。主要结构有:
1.such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词 (+that从句)
2.such+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数 (+that从句)
—Harry Potter is ____ an interesting novel ____ I want to read it again.
—I agree with you.
A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that D. as; as
(咸宁中考)
解析:考查引导结果状语从句的连接词。句意:—《哈利波特》是如此有趣的一部小说,我想再看一遍。—我同意你的说法。I want to read it again“我想再看一遍”是个句子,故排除B和D;an interesting novel “一本有趣的小说”是名词短语,需用形容词修饰。so是副词,故排除A。
答案: C
————————————————————
It is impossible (not possible) for him to finish/complete
the task in such (a) short time.
对于他来说,在如此短的时间内完成这个任务是不可能的。________________________________________________
(盘锦中考)
解析:考查It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.和such的用法。time“时间”是名词,修饰名词应该用such,如果强调“一段时间”time就是可数名词,所以“如此短的时间”应译为such (a) short time。
答案: It is impossible (not possible) for him to finish/complete the task in such (a) short time.(共16张PPT)
八年级上册
第9讲 Units 7-8
考点 1:open与turn on
考点 2:be full of, be filled with与 fill…with…
考点 3:It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.
考点4:agree的用法
考点 1
⒈ open是指将原来关上或合上的东西用手或某工具打开,是动词,其反义词是close;作形容词时,意为“开着的;张开的”。如:
He went into the kitchen and opened the fridge. 他走进厨房,打开冰箱。(作动词)
He turned on the TV and watched half an hour.
他打开电视,看了半个小时。
2. turn on 则指转动或推上开关等“打开”,尤其指“打开某种电器”,反义词组是turn off。如:
turn短语
(莱芜中考)
Anna is preparing for the coming exam, so she has to _______ the invitation to the party.
A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off D. turn up
解析: 考查动词短语的词义辨析。句意:安娜正在为即将到来的考试做准备,因此她不得不拒绝这次聚会的邀请。 根据 is preparing for the coming exam“正在为即将到来的考试做准备”可推测,她不得不拒绝参加聚会。
答案: B
考点 2
1. be full of 意为“装满;填满”,of是介词,侧重于状态,是系表结构。后加名词作宾语,其主语可以是人,也可以是物。如:
The classroom is full of students. 教室里满是学生。 The cup is full of water. 杯子里装满了水。
2. be filled with 意为“装满”,是fill…with…的被动形式,侧重于动作和装的东西 。如:
full是形容词,意为“满的;饱的”。fill是动词,意为“装满……”。
The basket is filled with apples by the old man.
这个篮子被老人装满了苹果。
3. fill…with…意为“用……装满……”,是主动形式。如: The thought filled me with pleasure.
这想法使我心里充满了喜悦。
高频考点
filled with 可以放在名词后,作定语,相当于full of。如:
Have you seen a basket filled with pencils
=Have you seen a basket full of pencils
你见过一个装满了铅笔的篮子吗?
解析: 考查be full of 与 be filled with的辨析。1. 第1小题用 be full of 结构。 2. 第2小题是be filled with 结构。
答案: 1. of 2. with
of with
1. Wow! The boy’s room is full _________ different toy cars.
2. (抚顺中考)Little Jenny’s pockets was filled _________ candies just now.
of
with
考点 3
1. It is time for+名词. 意为“到了……的时间了。”如:
It is time for school. 到了上学的时间了。
It's time for lunch. 到了(吃)午饭的时间了。
2. It is time (for sb.) to do sth. 意为“到了(某人)做某事的时间了。”如:
It's time for you to go to school. 到了你上学的时间了。
It's time to have lunch. 到了吃午饭的时间了。
It is time可以构成两种不同的句型:
易错警示
It is time后面可以用从属连词that引导一个从句,从句中用的是虚拟语气,也就是说从句的谓语动词要用过去式,be动词要用were,例如:
It is time that you went to school. 你该去上学了。
It is time that she were sleepy. 她该困了。
It is time that I had lunch. 我该吃午饭了。
解析: 考查It’s time ……句型。1. 第1小题是It’s time for +v. -ing的句型结构 2. 第2小题是It’s the/one’s+序数词+ time to do sth. 的句型结构
答案: 1. for 2. fourth; to watch
1. It’s time _________ reading. What about practicing our pronunciation together.
2. I know the movie very well because it is the _______ (four) time for me ________ it.
for
to watch
fourth
考点 4
agree的用法
1. agree with sb. 同意某人的观点
I agree with them about the need for change. 他同意他们需要变革的意见。
2. agree to (do) sth. 同意做某事
She agreed to let me go early。她同意让我早走。
3. agree on (doing) sth. (双方)在(做)某事上意见一致
Are we all agreed on this 我们在这个问题上是不是全体意见一致?
4. agree +that从句 同意……
It was agreed that we should hold another meeting. 大家一致同意我们应该再开一次会。
拓展
(1)agree的名词形式为agreement,反义词为disagree。
They had made a verbal agreement to sell. 他们达成了口头售货协定。
Even friends disagree sometimes. 即便是朋友有时也有分歧。
(2)I couldn’t agree more=I completely agree. 我完全同意。
解析: 考查agree的用法。1. 第1小题是agree+that从句的结构 2. 第2小题是agree with sb. 结构 3. 第3小题是agree to do sth. 结构 4. 第4小题是agree on doing sth. 结构
答案: 1. that 2. with 3. to pay 4. on
that on with pay
1. We agreed _________ the proposal was a good one.
2. I entirely agree _______ you.
3. He agreed ________ me for the drawings.
4. The two countries agreed ________ building a peaceful world.
that
with
to pay
on(共25张PPT)
八年级上册
第8讲 Units 5-6
考点 1:information, news与message
考点 2:mind的用法
考点 3:take place与happen
考点 4:be famous for, be famous as与be famous to
考点 5:promise的用法
考点 6:own的用法
考点 7:hope, wish与expect
考点 1
⒈ information作“信息”解,通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或
书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。它侧重内容,
是不可数名词。如:
I hope you can provide me with some information about the trip.
关于这次旅行,我希望你可以提供给我一些信息。
⒉ news作“新闻”解,一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的最新消息,它侧重一个“新”字,是不可数名词。如:
No news is good news. 没消息就是好消息。
⒊ message作“音信”解,一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”,是可数名词。如:
I will leave a message on his table.
我会在他的桌子上留话。
message短语
leave a message“留话” 。如:
He left a message saying he would probably be a little late.
他留话说他可能会晚一会儿。
take a message =give sb. a message (打电话时用)“捎口信”。如:
I'm sorry, she is out right now. Can I take a message for her
很抱歉,她现在不在。我能给她捎个信儿吗?
send a message “发信息”。如:
You could send a short message to me if you have any ideas.
如果你有任何想法,请给我发个短信。
(河北中考)
Did you hear the ______ A scientist will visit our school.
A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice
解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:你听说这个消息了吗?一位科学家将要参观我们的学校。根据 hear“听说”和 A scientist will visit our school.“一位科学家将要参观我们的学校。”可推测,这是一则消息。
答案: B
考点 2
1. mind用作名词时,意为“思想;想法;头脑;智力”。常见的含名词mind的短语有:
change one’s mind “改变主意”
make up one’s mind “下定决心”
set one’s mind to (do) ...“专注于(做)……”
keep in mind“记在心里”
come into one’s mind “计上心来”
2. mind用作动词时,意为“介意;反对”,常用来表示委婉、客气的请求。含动词mind的常见句式有:
⑴Would/Do you mind doing... 意为“你介意……吗 ” 如:
Would you mind closing the door 你介意关上门吗
⑵Would/Do you mind one’s doing... 意为“你介意某人……吗 ” 如:
Do you mind my closing the window 你介意我把窗户关上吗
= Do you mind if I close the window
【注意】Would you mind doing... 的否定通常在doing的前面加not。
3. Would you mind ... 后面接从句时,从句中的谓语动词常为过去式,用来表示委婉的语气。如:
Would you mind if I closed the window
你介意我把窗户关上吗
Would you mind if I turned up the radio
我把收音机声音开大点,你介意吗
4. 回答Would you mind ... 时,必须注意英、汉两种语言之间的差异:
⑴ 表示不反对或不介意时常用以下句式:
No, please do. “好吧,请!”/ Certainly not. “当然可以。”/
Of course not. “当然可以。”/ No, go ahead. “完全可以。”如:
—Would you mind my smoking here 我在这儿抽烟你介意吗
—No, please do. 好的,请便。
—Would you mind if I turned on the TV 我打开电视你介意吗
—Certainly not. 当然可以。
—Would you mind my standing here 你介意我站在这里吗
—Not at all. 没关系。
⑵如果不同意或不赞成某人做某事,就不要说“Yes, I mind.”,应说“Sorry./ I’m sorry.”或“I wish you wouldn’t.”,然后再陈述拒绝或反对的理由。如:
—Would you mind my turning off the light 你介意我关灯吗
—I’m sorry. I haven’t finished my work.
对不起,我还没完成我的工作。
⑶I don’t mind.意为“我不介意。”。如:
—What do you think of sitcoms 你觉得情景喜剧怎么样
—I don’t mind them. 我不介意那些节目。
高频考点
Never mind意为“没关系”、“不要紧”,常出现在下列场合:
①应答对方的致歉。如:
—I’m sorry. I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.
对不起,我来得匆忙,忘记带吃的了。
—Never mind. You can have ours. 没关系,你可以吃我们的。
②安慰对方。如:
—Did you watch the baseball match yesterday
昨天你看棒球比赛了吗
—No, I missed it. By the time I got there, it had already finished.
没有,我错过了。当我到达那里时,比赛已经结束了。
—Never mind. It was a boring match.
没关系。那是一场枯燥乏味的比赛。
③回答对方的求助。如:
—Sorry to trouble you. 很抱歉打扰您。
—Never mind. What can I do for you
没关系。我能为你做些什么呢
(绥化中考)
Would you mind ______ down the music It’s too noisy.
A. to turn B. turning C. turn
解析:考查动词非谓语形式。句意:你介意关掉音乐吗?太吵了。Would/Do you mind doing ... 意为“你介意······吗 ”,表示委婉、客气的请求 。
答案: B
考点 3
1. take place 表示“发生;举行;举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的发生,
即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。如:
Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.
在过去的十年内,我们家乡发生了很大变化。
2. happen 作“发生;碰巧”解,一般用于偶然或突发性事件。如:
What happened to you 你发生了什么事?
I happened to see a snake on my way home.
在回家的路上,我碰巧看到了一条蛇。
(连云港中考)
—Have you met Luke recently
—Yes, I __________________________(碰巧遇见他) in the
science museum yesterday afternoon.
happened to meet him
解析:考查固定搭配。句意:—最近,你遇见卢克了吗?—是的,昨天下午,我在科学博物馆碰巧遇见他了。happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”。 yesterday afternoon“昨天下午”,是一般过去时的时间状语标志。
答案: happened to meet him
考点 4
1. be famous for “因为……而著名”,表示人“以某种知识技能、作品或特征而出名”,表示某地“以某种特产或特征出名”,或表示某事“以其
内容、特征、价值等而被人所知”。如:
China is famous for the Great Wall. 中国以长城而著称。
2. be famous as “以……而著名、出名”,主要是表示人“以某种身份
或职业而出名”,或表示某地方“作为什么产地或地方而出名”,或表
示某事物“以某种形式而出名”。如:
Lu Xun is famous as a great writer. 作为一名作家,鲁迅很出名。
3. be famous to “广为人知;为……所熟悉”。如:
Chairman Mao is famous to every Chinese. 毛主席广为人知。
Stephen Hawking was famous a scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died March 14th, 2018.
A. for; on B. as; in C. as; on
(龙东中考)
解析:考查介词短语辨析。句意:史蒂芬·霍金作为一名科学家而出名,他为世界做了突出贡献,他在2018年3月14日去世。a scientist“一名科学家”。“以某种身份而著称”用短语be famous as ;March 14th, 2018“2018年3月14日”是一个具体的日期,应该用介词on。
答案: C
考点 5
promise 作为动词,意为“允诺,许诺; 给人以……的指望或希望”。主要用法有:
1. promise sth. to sb. “对某人承诺某事”
2. promise sb. sth. “承诺某人某事”
3. promise to do sth. “承诺做某事”
promise 作为名词,意为“许诺;希望,指望; 允诺的东西”。主要搭配有:
1. make a promise “许诺”
2. keep a promise “遵守诺言”
He always promises __________(buy) me a new car. But I haven’t seen it by now.
to buy
解析:考查固定搭配。句意:他总是答应给我买辆新车。可是到现在为止,我也没看见。根据promises和所给的动词可知,该题考查promise to do sth.
答案: to buy
考点 6
1. own作为形容词,意为“自己的;个人的;本人的”。如:
This is my own car. 这是我自己的车。
2. own作为动词,意为“拥有”。如:
I own a big house. 我有一栋大房子。
own 既可作形容词,也可作动词。具体用法如下:
one’s own
1. of one’s own“属于某人自己的” ,作后置定语,常与have, get, buy 等词连用。不过,若强调“从无到有”的意思时,用of one’s own结构;若表示“已有的”,则用one’s own+名词,相当于one’s own作前置定语。如:
I have my own learning habits. 我有自己的学习习惯。
2. 名词前有 a, any, some, no, that 等词修饰时,用… of one’s own。
如:She has a mind of her own. 她颇有主见。
3. on my own = all by myself “独自地”。如:
I do my homework on my own. 我独立完成作业。
考点 7
1. hope意为“希望” ,用于表示实现可能性很大的希望。其用法有: hope to do sth.和 hope(+that)+从句。如:
He hopes to be a doctor in the future. 他希望将来成为一名医生。
2. wish 意为“希望;愿望”,既可作名词,也可作动词,所表示的希望大体上是可以实现的。其用法有:
wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事
如:We wish you to be happy. 我们希望你快乐。
3. expect 意为“期待;盼望;预期”。其用法有:
expect (sb.) to do sth. 和 expect + that 从句。
如:I expect him to go to college one day.
我期盼着有朝一日他能上大学。
wish表祝愿
用于wish后面的从句,表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望,其宾语从句的动词形式为: 1. 从句动作先于主句动作:主句用现在时,从句用过去时(be用were)。 2. 从句动作与主句动作同时发生: 主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。 3. 将来不大可能实现的愿望 :从句用将来时 would/could+动词原形。如: I wish I were as tall as Yaoming. 我希望我能和姚明一样高。 He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天能下雨(实际不太可能)。
During the Spring Festival, the young used to give kowtow (磕头) to the elders, but now they only give them best ___________(wish).
wishes
解析:考查名词的数。句意:春节期间,年轻人过去常常给长辈们磕头,但现在他们仅仅是送去美好的祝福。best是good的最高级,用来修饰名词。best wishes“美好的祝福”。
答案: wishes(共23张PPT)
八年级上册
第7讲 Units 3-4
考点 1:win与beat
考点 2:as long as 的用法
考点 3:close的用法
考点 4:watch sb. do sth.与watch sb. doing sth.
考点 5:for example与such as
考点 6:provide与offer
派生
考点 1
1. win意为“赢;获胜”,既是及物动词,也是不及物动词。作为及物动词时,它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、比赛、战争或运动等等。如:
He won the game at last. (及物动词)
最后,他赢得了这场比赛。
Mary won the first place in the competition. (及物动词)
玛丽在竞赛中获得了第一名。
I will win tomorrow. (不及物动词)
明天我一定会赢。
2. beat既是及物动词,也是不及物动词。
(1)beat意为“赢;取胜;战胜”时,是及物动词。 后面跟的 是竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。 如:
I beat John at chess yesterday.
昨天我和约翰下棋并赢了他。
We beat their team by 5∶4.
我们以五比四战胜了他们队。
I'll beat you to the top of that hill.
我们比赛谁先到山顶上,我要赢你。
(2)beat意为“跳动”时,是不及物动词。 如:
Your heart no longer beats for me.
你的心不再为我而跳动。
(3)beat意为“吹打;敲打”时,是及物动词。如:
The rain beat the window all night.
雨滴整夜敲打着窗户。
After _________(win) the speech competition, Bob became more confident than before.
winning
解析:考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:赢得演讲比赛后,鲍勃变得比以前更加自信。After“在……之后”是介词,介词后加名词、代词或动名词。win“赢”是动词,其动名词形式为winning。
答案: winning
It took three times as long as I had expected.
这件事比我预料的多花了两倍的(时间)。
It didn't take as/so long as I expected.
花的(时间)比我预料的少。
as...as “和……一样”。如 as long as 可意为“与……一样长”, 用于肯定句或否定句,而 so long as 只用于否定句。
考点 2
I don’t care anything so/as long as she lets me be with her.
只要她让我和她在一起,我什么都不在乎。
You can take my car as/so long as you drive carefully.
你可以用我的汽车,只要你小心点儿开。
You may use my dictionary as/so long as you don't keep it too long.
你可以用我的词典,只要用的时间别太久。
as/so long as 意为“只要”时,用于引导条件状语从句。如:
—I really want to pass the exam for further study.
—Believe in yourself, dear! Your dream will come true ____
you put your heart into it.
A. even if B. as long as C. as soon as
(菏泽中考)
解析:考查连词用法辨析。句意:—为了继续深造,我真的想通过这次考试。—亲爱的,相信自己!只要你集中精力去做,你的梦想就会实现。根据Your dream will come true “你的梦想就会实现”和you put your heart into it “你集中精力去做”可知,后句是前句的条件。as long as“只要”,引导条件状语从句。
答案:B
考点 3
1. close作为动词,既是及物动词,也是不及物动词。如:
She closed the door softly. 她轻轻地关上门。(及物动词) The street has been closed for two days. 这条街已被封闭两天了。(及物动词) The conference was closed on June 10. 会议于六月十日结束。(及物动词) The door closes quietly. 这门关起来不发出什么声音。(不及物动词) The post office closes at 6. 邮局六点关门。(不及物动词)
2. close作为形容词,意为“近的;亲密的;狭小的”,另外还有“关着的;合着的;紧握着的”之意,反义词是open,在句中可以作表语,也可以作定语。如:
His house is close to the factory. 他家靠近该厂。(作表语)
She is a close friend of theirs. 她是他们的挚友。 (作定语)
His closed hands are wet. 他紧握着的手都湿了。 (作定语)
Please pay close attention to where they go. 请密切注意他们将去何处。(作定语)
You must keep your eyes ____________(close) when I give out the paper. Remember not to watch.
closed
解析:考查固定搭配。句意:当我发试卷的时候,你们必须闭上眼睛。不要看哦。根据Remember not to watch.“记得不要看哦。”可以推断出,发试卷的时候大家都要把眼睛闭上。keep…+形容词“保持某一种状态”。closed“闭着的;合着的”。
答案: closed
考点 4
1. watch sb. do sth.表示看到某人做某事,多用于经常性发生的事情或动作(一般在句子中会有提示经常性动作的时间状语,如:often, always, usually等等)。如:
I often watch the boys play basketball on the weekend.
周末,我经常看到男生打篮球。
(强调的是“经常”看到男生打球这件事情,而不是男生正在打球时的某个上篮、投篮、运球的动作。)
2. watch sb. doing sth.强调看到某人正在做某事,或者强调动作正在进行。如:
I love to watch the monkeys climbing up trees. 我喜欢看猴子爬树。
(强调的是喜欢看猴子爬上树的这一个动作过程)
When I walked past the garden, I couldn't help watching some butterflies dancing around flowers. 经过花园的时候,我忍不住凝视蝴蝶在花间翩翩起舞。
(强调的是“走过”花园那一刻,看见蝴蝶飞舞)
考点 5
1.Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution.
举例说明,噪音就是一种污染。
2.China has many big cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on.中国有许多大城市,比如北京、上海、深圳等等。
for example一般只以同类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开;such as常列举同类人或物中的几个例子,不能穷尽,可与and so on连用。如:
问别人私人问题是不礼貌的,比如年龄和婚姻状况。
It’s bad manners to ask others personal questions, __________
age and marriage.
such as
解析:考查固定搭配。根据age and marriage“年龄和婚姻”可以看出列举的不是一件事,且没有逗号,应该用such as。
答案: such as
考点 6
1. provide指有远见,为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给;提 供”,可用于provide sb. (with sth.)或provide sth. (for sb.)结构。如:
He persuaded other people to provide money or to give help.
他说服别人提供钱或给予帮助。
The school provided food for the students. 学校为学生提供伙食。
They provided us with all the books we need.
他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。
provide和offer都有“供给;提供”的意思,但用法不同。
2. offer侧重表示“愿意给予”,常用于offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb. 或offer to do sth. 结构,后不能接宾语从句。如:
She offered me a cup of tea. 她给我端了杯茶。
He offered to go instead of me. 他主动提出代替我去。
3. give“给予;给”,是及物动词,常带双宾语,用于give sb. sth.或give sth. to sb.结构中。如:
Please give me a piece of paper.
=Please give a piece of paper to me. 请给我一张纸。
易错警示
含双宾语的(直接宾语+间接宾语)give的主动结构在变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个作为保留宾语不动。一般多将主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语,而将直接宾语作为保留宾语。如果间接宾语作为保留宾语时,前面通常加介词to。如:
He gave me a book. 他给了我一本书。
→A book was given to me (by him).
=I was given a book (by him).
—In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road.
—It has _______ many nations a great chance to communicate.
A. offered B. supported C. included D. directed
(宜昌中考)
解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意:—在过去的五年内,中国在“一带一路”中扮演着重要的角色。—它给很多国家提供了一个交流的好机会。联系上句“中国在‘一带一路’中扮演着重要的角色”和 a great chance to communicate“交流的好机会”可猜测,它为很多国家“提供”了 一个交流的好机会。
答案: A