Unit 6 The Admirable单元整合训练（含答案）2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版必修第二册
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| 名称 | Unit 6 The Admirable单元整合训练（含答案）2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版必修第二册 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-11-09 17:51:02 | ||
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【北师大版必修第二册】
Unit 6 THE ADMIRABLE 单元整合训练（原卷版）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
(2025·江西赣州高三期末)
These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet.
Diane Wilson
In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world's largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas' Gulf Coast.The $50 million settlement is the largest award in a citizen suit against an industrial polluter in the history of the US Clean Water Act.As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to stop throwing away plastic waste and fund remediation (补救) of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways.
Delima Silalahi
Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17，824 acres of tropical (热带的) forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia.Her community's activism reclaimed this territory from a pulp (纸浆) and paper company.The six communities have begun restoring the forests, creating valuable carbon sinks of biodiverse Indonesian tropical forest.
Tero Mustonen
Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86，000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats.Rich in organic matter, peatlands are highly effective carbon sinks.Roughly one－third of Finland's surface area is made up of peatlands.
Alessandra Korap Munduruku
Alessandra Korap Munduruku organised community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American in Brazil's Amazon rainforest.In May 2021, the company formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories, including the Sawré Muybu Indigenous Territory, which contains more than 400，000 acres of rainforest.The decision protects a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation.
1．Who filed a suit against a company？( )
A.Diane Wilson.
B.Tero Mustonen.
C.Delima Silalahi.
D.Alessandra Korap Munduruku.
2．Which of the following was Tero Mustonen devoted to？( )
A.Promoting the industrial peat mining.
B.Repairing the damage done to peatlands.
C.Restoring biodiverse wetlands and habitats.
D.Controlling the development of carbon stores.
3．What can we infer about the people mentioned in the text？( )
A.They are highly creative.
B.They are very considerate.
C.They are human rights activists.
D.They are environmental defenders.
B
(2025·八省联考)
Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.
Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities, that trust is won every day when life saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.
It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That's what the postal service means to us.
4．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph？( )
A.He's open minded.
B.He's sharp eyed.
C.He's warm hearted.
D.He's strong willed.
5．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean？( )
A.Refused. B．Criticized.
C.Investigated. D．Suspended.6．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work？( )
A.He drove Butch to its owner.
B.He sent presents to his friends.
C.He prepared a retirement party.
D.He said goodbye to the neighbors.
7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？( )
A.To remember a respected mail carrier.
B.To record an unforgettable experience.
C.To raise funds for the postal service.
D.To call for harmony in the community.
C
(2025·T8联考)
Confirmation bias refers to people's tendency to seek out information that supports their existing beliefs. While it's usually subconscious, its impacts are significant. It can cloud people's judgement and decision making processes.
One explanation for confirmation bias is that it is an efficient way to process information. Humans are constantly fed with information and cannot possibly take the time to carefully process each piece. It is adaptive for humans to rely on subconscious, automatic judgements that contribute to the efficiency. Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their self worth. People like to feel good about themselves, and discovering a belief they highly value is incorrect makes them feel bad about themselves. Therefore, confirmation bias will encourage them to disregard the information contrary to their belief.
Researches show that confirmation bias is strong and widespread. In studies examining my side bias, people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side. Only when a researcher directly asked people to generate arguments against their own beliefs were they able to do so. It is not that people are incapable of generating arguments that are contrary to their beliefs, but, rather, people are not motivated to do so.
Confirmation bias also surfaces in interpersonal communication. When interacting with people who perceivers think have certain personalities, the perceivers will ask questions that are biased toward supporting the perceivers' beliefs. If a new roommate is expected to be friendly and outgoing, Maria may ask her if she likes to go to parties rather than asking if she often studies in the library.
Confirmation bias may lead to incomplete and misinterpreted understanding of an issue or topic, as crucial information may be overlooked or dismissed. Thus, to avoid it, people are supposed to diversify the sources of information accessed as seeking multiple perspectives brings a broader understanding of the subject matter and allows for well rounded decision making. Another way is to actively challenge the bias by questioning assumptions and relying on evidence rather than personal opinions, which helps us consciously recognize informational biases and minimize their impact.
８．Why do people show confirmation bias？( )
A.To help maintain their dignity.
B.To prevent shallow judgements.
C.To handle complex information.
D.To develop their logical reasoning.
９．What did the studies in paragraph 3 find？( )
A.People couldn't produce arguments against their belief.
B.Information supporting people's belief often won preference.
C.It took considerable motivation to face controversial issues.
D.People focused on information concerning the opposing side.
１０．How does the writer illustrate confirmation bias in communication？( )
A.By making comparison.
B.By giving an example.
C.By introducing a study.
D.By defining a concept.
１１．What is the passage mainly about？( )
A.The role of my side bias in enhancing people's own beliefs.
B.The effects of information overload on decision making process.
C.The impact of confirmation bias on interpersonal communication.
D.Understanding of confirmation bias and strategies to overcome it.
D
(2024·浙江绍兴一模)
In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse and prolific as Harrison Ford.From the fearless Indiana Jones to the charming Han Solo and the world－weary Rick Deckard, Ford's portrayal (饰演) of iconic characters has left a permanent mark on cinema and pop culture.Yet, the irony lies in how many of his career－defining roles fell into this “late bloomer's” lap by chance.
Born in Chicago, Harrison was discouraged from pursuing a career on the silver screen early on, having failed to land any significant parts.Instead, he turned to professional carpentry (木工) as a means to keep his family fed.
But fate had other plans.While working as a carpenter in Hollywood, Ford crossed paths with numerous celebrity clients such as Joan Didion and, most notably, director George Lucas，who hired him to build cabinets for his office.Little did Ford know that this chance encounter would lead to his breakthrough role as the charming Han Solo in Star Wars.Lucas was impressed by Ford's presence and offered him the iconic role.In time, Ford rose to a star.
Ford's next lucky moment came when he tried out for the role of Indiana Jones in a massive project by Lucas and Steven Spielberg, Raiders of the Lost Ark.Spielberg initially wanted Ford for the role, but Lucas was hesitant as he had already worked with Ford on Star Wars and 1973's American Graffiti.Then the production team tried many other possibilities but without luck.Eventually, the role went to Ford, strengthening his status as a Hollywood legend.
The film series became a worldwide sensation, stimulating people's imagination and inspiring a generation of future archaeologists.Over 40 years and four films later, Ford found himself completing the series with the fifth and final installment.Eighty－one－year－old Harrison received a five－minute standing ovation (鼓掌) at the Cannes Film Festival Premiere and picked up an honorary Palme d'Or for his achievements.
Ford's commitment to his career is evident as he said, “I love the work! My luck has been to work with incredibly talented people, to find my way into this crowd of geniuses.” Despite his legendary status in Hollywood, Ford's humility shines through.
12．What does the underlined word “prolific” probably mean in paragraph 1？( )
A.Productive. B．Fruitless.
C.Hard－earned. D．Promising.
13．What made Harrison discouraged in his early film career？( )
A.His lack of talent.
B.The uncertain prospect.
C.The dull industry.
D.His family's opposition.
14．What is the factor highlighted in the passage in Ford's landing the important roles？( )
A.His good fortune.
B.His convincing acting.
C.His fine reputation.
D.His big circle of friends.
15．Which of the following best describes Harrison？( )
A.A rising film genius.
B.A humble carpenter.
C.A Hollywood legend.
D.A fearless challenger.
??Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
Ways to Sleep Smarter
Studies show that poor sleep influences people to make good decisions, focus on work and even manage a friendly mood at work. 16 . Today we’ve got four top favorite sleep tips and facts.
Set a regular bedtime
17 Choose a time when you normally feel tired. Try not to break this routine on weekends when you will probably stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, make the change gradually, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day.
Eat the right food.
Some foods are more helpful to a better night’s sleep than others. 18 Others like bananas, potatoes, and whole-wheat bread are also helpful.
19
Exercising provides lots of good health benefits. A good night’s sleep is one of them. But make sure you exercise in the morning or afternoon. The National Sleep Foundation reports that exercise in the morning or afternoon can help deepen sleep and cut the time it takes for you to fall into sleep. However, those who worked out in the evening hours saw little or no improvement in their sleep.
Reduce (减少) screen time before bed
20 A recent study shows that people who use electronic media just before bedtime report lower-quality sleep even when they get as much sleep as those who don’t.
A．Avoid the alarm clock
B．Exercise to improve sleep
C．Try to solve problems in your sleep
D．Go to bed at the same time every night
E．There are lots of ways to better your sleep
F．Everybody knows that warm milk helps people sleep better
G．Stop watching TV just before bedtime and you’ll sleep better
Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
One day Christopher Columbus was at a party that a Spanish gentleman gave in his honor.People were saying, “What a great ２1 you have made！” However, several people present were envious of him.They began to try to make Columbus ２2 .
“You have discovered new ２3 beyond the seas，” they said, “but what of that Anybody can ２4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side.It is the ２5 thing in the world.All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) ２6 feat (功绩)．”
Columbus made no ２7 ， but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company, “Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg ２8 on end？”
“That's impossible，” the host replied.“You would need to be a ２9 to do that.” One by one, those at the table ３0 the experiment. ３1 ， none of them succeeded.
After a short silence, Columbus took the egg and struck its small end ３2 upon the table so as to ３3 the shell (壳) a little.After that, there was no ３4 in making it stand upright.“Gentlemen，” he said, “what is easier than to do this which you said was impossible It is the simplest thing in the world.Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN ３5 HOW！”
２1．( )A.decision B．schedule
C.discovery D．statement
２2．( )A.unhurt B．uncomfortable
C.unfortunate D．unafraid
２3．( )A.substances B．oceans
C.lands D．treasures
２4．( )A.sail B．run
C.walk D．hike
２5．( )A.greatest B．worst
C.hardest D．simplest
２6．( )A.small B．useless
C.remarkable D．ordinary
２7．( )A.apology B．answer
C.mistake D．secret
２8．( )A.roll B．sit
C.fall D．stand
２9．( )A.magician B．sailor
C.planner D．doctor
３0．( )A.evaluated B．finished
C.tried D．designed
３1．( )A.Above all B．At last
C.For instance D．In addition
３2．( )A.gently B．helplessly
C.heavily D．critically
３3．( )A.find B．change
C.hide D．break
３4．( )A.trouble B．instruction
C.reaction D．point
３5．( )A.HIT B．SHOWN
C.EXPLODED D．SET
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·湖南长沙高三模拟)
Van Gogh piece reflects Paris' vibrancy
Vincent Willem van Gogh arrived in Paris in 1886 1 (join) his brother and gallery manager Theo, 2 the unknown painter became fascinated with its vibrant social scenes as the cultural and art center of Europe.
During his two－year stay in Paris before relocating to southern France, Van Gogh gained new 3 (insight) into modern art.The enthusiastic Parisian lifestyle inspired bright colors in his works, 4 transition from the dark tones and moodiness he portrayed during his time in Amsterdam.
Among the sites he painted included Asnieres, a village north of Paris along the Seine, which 5 (be) a retreat from the hustle and bustle of the city.There, Van Gogh deeply embraced nature's colors and a leisurely, peaceful lifestyle.Meanwhile, he attempted to individualize his 6 (art) approach by depicting the plants, flowers and the sun's radiance, rather than the farmers he had 7 (previous) focused on.
This attempt 8 (reveal) in Les canots amarres in which Van Gogh illustrated a serene riverside scene in Asnieres of moored boats, 9 (bloom) flowers and the cloudy sky.His brushstrokes in this piece exhibit a transformative stage in his career.The painting is being exhibited in Beijing 10 ＿＿＿＿＿ will travel to Shanghai on Sept. 7 and 8 before going under the hammer at Christie's auction house in Hong Kong on Sept. 26.
v.基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。
每个人都有自己崇拜的人。请用英语写一篇短文，介绍你最崇拜的人。
Yuan Longping，1.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (1930年9月生), graduated from Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute.In the 1960s，when China was suffering serious famine，he was determined to 2.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (为全人类而战) in his career and 3.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(满足人们对食物的需求)．With years of passion and hard work，he eventually invented hybrid rice.4.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (除此之外)，Yuan 5.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (使杂交水稻大量种植成为可能；it作形式宾语), 6.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (因此他被称为“杂交水稻之父”；“介词＋which”引导定语从句)．Without his commitment and contributions，China, even the whole world, would still 7.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (遭受巨大的饥饿)．On February 19, 2001, Yuan Longping was awarded the National Highest Science and Technology Award.
【北师大版必修第二册】
Unit 6 THE ADMIRABLE 单元整合训练（解析版）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
(2025·江西赣州高三期末)
These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet.
Diane Wilson
In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world's largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas' Gulf Coast.The $50 million settlement is the largest award in a citizen suit against an industrial polluter in the history of the US Clean Water Act.As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to stop throwing away plastic waste and fund remediation (补救) of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways.
Delima Silalahi
Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17，824 acres of tropical (热带的) forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia.Her community's activism reclaimed this territory from a pulp (纸浆) and paper company.The six communities have begun restoring the forests, creating valuable carbon sinks of biodiverse Indonesian tropical forest.
Tero Mustonen
Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86，000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats.Rich in organic matter, peatlands are highly effective carbon sinks.Roughly one－third of Finland's surface area is made up of peatlands.
Alessandra Korap Munduruku
Alessandra Korap Munduruku organised community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American in Brazil's Amazon rainforest.In May 2021, the company formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories, including the Sawré Muybu Indigenous Territory, which contains more than 400，000 acres of rainforest.The decision protects a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了来自世界各地的四位杰出人物以及他们为地球所做出的贡献。
1．Who filed a suit against a company？( A )
A.Diane Wilson.
B.Tero Mustonen.
C.Delima Silalahi.
D.Alessandra Korap Munduruku.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Diane Wilson部分中“In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world's largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas' Gulf Coast.”可知，Diane Wilson起诉了一家公司。故选A。
2．Which of the following was Tero Mustonen devoted to？( B )
A.Promoting the industrial peat mining.
B.Repairing the damage done to peatlands.
C.Restoring biodiverse wetlands and habitats.
D.Controlling the development of carbon stores.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Tero Mustonen部分中“Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86，000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats.”可知，Tero Mustonen致力于修复被严重破坏的前工业泥炭采矿和林业场所。故选B。
3．What can we infer about the people mentioned in the text？( D )
A.They are highly creative.
B.They are very considerate.
C.They are human rights activists.
D.They are environmental defenders.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet.”以及下文介绍的他们为保护地球环境所做出的贡献可知，他们是环境保护卫士。故选D。
B
(2025·八省联考)
Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.
Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities, that trust is won every day when life saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.
It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That's what the postal service means to us.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了邮递员Jim Johnson在多年的工作中与社区居民建立的深厚感情。
4．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph？( C )
A.He's open minded.
B.He's sharp eyed.
C.He's warm hearted.
D.He's strong willed.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of curveball.”可知，Jim不仅送信，还帮助居民做很多事情，记住每个孩子和宠物的名字，帮忙送杂货，关注居民安全，教孩子们打球，这些行为都体现了他热心善良的性格特征，故选C。
5．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean？( B )
A.Refused. B．Criticized.
C.Investigated. D．Suspended.
解析：词义猜测题。文章第二段提到“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.”，根据Though可知，上下文形成转折关系，表示虽然邮政服务现在经常受到负面评价，但人们对当地邮局服务的信任依然存在。因此“disparaged”的意思与criticized最接近，故选B。
6．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work？( D )
A.He drove Butch to its owner.
B.He sent presents to his friends.
C.He prepared a retirement party.
D.He said goodbye to the neighbors.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.”可知，在最后的工作日，Jim在每个停靠点都接受了居民们的道别祝福，故选D。
7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？( A )
A.To remember a respected mail carrier.
B.To record an unforgettable experience.
C.To raise funds for the postal service.
D.To call for harmony in the community.
解析：写作目的题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段的“It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.” 可知，作者的写作目的是要纪念这位受人尊敬的邮递员Jim，展现他与社区之间建立的深厚情谊，故选A。
C
(2025·T8联考)
Confirmation bias refers to people's tendency to seek out information that supports their existing beliefs. While it's usually subconscious, its impacts are significant. It can cloud people's judgement and decision making processes.
One explanation for confirmation bias is that it is an efficient way to process information. Humans are constantly fed with information and cannot possibly take the time to carefully process each piece. It is adaptive for humans to rely on subconscious, automatic judgements that contribute to the efficiency. Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their self worth. People like to feel good about themselves, and discovering a belief they highly value is incorrect makes them feel bad about themselves. Therefore, confirmation bias will encourage them to disregard the information contrary to their belief.
Researches show that confirmation bias is strong and widespread. In studies examining my side bias, people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side. Only when a researcher directly asked people to generate arguments against their own beliefs were they able to do so. It is not that people are incapable of generating arguments that are contrary to their beliefs, but, rather, people are not motivated to do so.
Confirmation bias also surfaces in interpersonal communication. When interacting with people who perceivers think have certain personalities, the perceivers will ask questions that are biased toward supporting the perceivers' beliefs. If a new roommate is expected to be friendly and outgoing, Maria may ask her if she likes to go to parties rather than asking if she often studies in the library.
Confirmation bias may lead to incomplete and misinterpreted understanding of an issue or topic, as crucial information may be overlooked or dismissed. Thus, to avoid it, people are supposed to diversify the sources of information accessed as seeking multiple perspectives brings a broader understanding of the subject matter and allows for well rounded decision making. Another way is to actively challenge the bias by questioning assumptions and relying on evidence rather than personal opinions, which helps us consciously recognize informational biases and minimize their impact.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。确认偏见是指人们倾向于寻找支持自身信念的信息，进而影响判断与决策。为了克服确认偏见，应使信息来源多样化并主动质疑假设，提升理解和判断能力。
８．Why do people show confirmation bias？( A )
A.To help maintain their dignity.
B.To prevent shallow judgements.
C.To handle complex information.
D.To develop their logical reasoning.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their self worth.”可知，人们是为了保护自己的自尊而呈现出确认偏见。
９．What did the studies in paragraph 3 find？( B )
A.People couldn't produce arguments against their belief.
B.Information supporting people's belief often won preference.
C.It took considerable motivation to face controversial issues.
D.People focused on information concerning the opposing side.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side”可知，人们在面对有争议的问题的时候，会偏向那些支持他们立场的信息而不是与他们的立场相对立的信息。
１０．How does the writer illustrate confirmation bias in communication？( B )
A.By making comparison.
B.By giving an example.
C.By introducing a study.
D.By defining a concept.
解析：写作手法题。第四段主要讲述确认偏见在人际交往中的体现，最后给出例子“If a new roommate is expected to…studies in the library.”来进行说明。因此，作者是运用举例的写作手法来解释说明人际沟通中的确认偏见。
１１．What is the passage mainly about？( D )
A.The role of my side bias in enhancing people's own beliefs.
B.The effects of information overload on decision making process.
C.The impact of confirmation bias on interpersonal communication.
D.Understanding of confirmation bias and strategies to overcome it.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章5个自然段从概念、原因、表现、影响以及如何避免的角度，帮助读者深刻理解确认偏见并提出了克服它的策略。
D
(2024·浙江绍兴一模)
In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse and prolific as Harrison Ford.From the fearless Indiana Jones to the charming Han Solo and the world－weary Rick Deckard, Ford's portrayal (饰演) of iconic characters has left a permanent mark on cinema and pop culture.Yet, the irony lies in how many of his career－defining roles fell into this “late bloomer's” lap by chance.
Born in Chicago, Harrison was discouraged from pursuing a career on the silver screen early on, having failed to land any significant parts.Instead, he turned to professional carpentry (木工) as a means to keep his family fed.
But fate had other plans.While working as a carpenter in Hollywood, Ford crossed paths with numerous celebrity clients such as Joan Didion and, most notably, director George Lucas，who hired him to build cabinets for his office.Little did Ford know that this chance encounter would lead to his breakthrough role as the charming Han Solo in Star Wars.Lucas was impressed by Ford's presence and offered him the iconic role.In time, Ford rose to a star.
Ford's next lucky moment came when he tried out for the role of Indiana Jones in a massive project by Lucas and Steven Spielberg, Raiders of the Lost Ark.Spielberg initially wanted Ford for the role, but Lucas was hesitant as he had already worked with Ford on Star Wars and 1973's American Graffiti.Then the production team tried many other possibilities but without luck.Eventually, the role went to Ford, strengthening his status as a Hollywood legend.
The film series became a worldwide sensation, stimulating people's imagination and inspiring a generation of future archaeologists.Over 40 years and four films later, Ford found himself completing the series with the fifth and final installment.Eighty－one－year－old Harrison received a five－minute standing ovation (鼓掌) at the Cannes Film Festival Premiere and picked up an honorary Palme d'Or for his achievements.
Ford's commitment to his career is evident as he said, “I love the work! My luck has been to work with incredibly talented people, to find my way into this crowd of geniuses.” Despite his legendary status in Hollywood, Ford's humility shines through.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好莱坞著名演员Harrison Ford的个人事迹和演艺经历。
12．What does the underlined word “prolific” probably mean in paragraph 1？( A )
A.Productive. B．Fruitless.
C.Hard－earned. D．Promising.
解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse”以及“From the fearless Indiana Jones to the charming Han Solo and the world－weary Rick Deckard, Ford's portrayal (饰演) of iconic characters has left a permanent mark on cinema and pop culture.”可知，Harrison Ford塑造了多个令人印象深刻的角色，所以他的演员职业生涯是富有成效的，由此可推知，画线词prolific意为“多产的；富有成效的”，与productive意思相近。故选A。
13．What made Harrison discouraged in his early film career？( B )
A.His lack of talent.
B.The uncertain prospect.
C.The dull industry.
D.His family's opposition.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Born in Chicago, Harrison was discouraged from pursuing a career on the silver screen early on, having failed to land any significant parts.Instead, he turned to professional carpentry (木工) as a means to keep his family fed.”可知，由于未能出演任何重要角色，职业前景的不确定性让Harrison在早期的工作中感到气馁。故选B。
14．What is the factor highlighted in the passage in Ford's landing the important roles？( A )
A.His good fortune.
B.His convincing acting.
C.His fine reputation.
D.His big circle of friends.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“But fate had other plans.While working as a carpenter in Hollywood…Little did Ford know that this chance encounter would lead to his breakthrough role as the charming Han Solo in Star Wars.”以及第四段中“Ford's next lucky moment came when he tried out for the role of Indiana Jones in a massive project by Lucas and Steven Spielberg, Raiders of the Lost Ark.”可知，Ford的好运是他获得重要角色的突出因素。故选A。
15．Which of the following best describes Harrison？( C )
A.A rising film genius.
B.A humble carpenter.
C.A Hollywood legend.
D.A fearless challenger.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse and prolific as Harrison Ford.”以及最后一段中“Despite his legendary status in Hollywood, Ford's humility shines through.”可知，Harrison是好莱坞的传奇人物。故选C。
??Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
Ways to Sleep Smarter
Studies show that poor sleep influences people to make good decisions, focus on work and even manage a friendly mood at work. 16 . Today we’ve got four top favorite sleep tips and facts.
Set a regular bedtime
17 Choose a time when you normally feel tired. Try not to break this routine on weekends when you will probably stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, make the change gradually, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day.
Eat the right food.
Some foods are more helpful to a better night’s sleep than others. 18 Others like bananas, potatoes, and whole-wheat bread are also helpful.
19
Exercising provides lots of good health benefits. A good night’s sleep is one of them. But make sure you exercise in the morning or afternoon. The National Sleep Foundation reports that exercise in the morning or afternoon can help deepen sleep and cut the time it takes for you to fall into sleep. However, those who worked out in the evening hours saw little or no improvement in their sleep.
Reduce (减少) screen time before bed
20 A recent study shows that people who use electronic media just before bedtime report lower-quality sleep even when they get as much sleep as those who don’t.
A．Avoid the alarm clock
B．Exercise to improve sleep
C．Try to solve problems in your sleep
D．Go to bed at the same time every night
E．There are lots of ways to better your sleep
F．Everybody knows that warm milk helps people sleep better
G．Stop watching TV just before bedtime and you’ll sleep better
【答案】16．E 17．D 18．F 19．B 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改善睡眠的建议。
16．根据上文“Studies show that poor sleep influences people to make good decisions, focus on work and even manage a friendly mood at work.(研究表明，糟糕的睡眠会影响人们做出正确的决定，影响工作专注度，甚至影响在工作中保持友好的情绪)”以及后文“Today we’ve got four top favorite sleep tips and facts.(今天我们有四个最受欢迎的睡眠技巧和事实)”可知，上文说明了睡眠的重要性和影响，后文提到了改善睡眠的技巧，可知睡眠可以通过技巧得到改善。故E选项“改善睡眠的方法有很多”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据后文“Choose a time when you normally feel tired. Try not to break this routine on weekends when you will probably stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, make the change gradually, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day.(选择一个你通常觉得累的时间。尽量不要在周末打破这个惯例，因为你可能会熬夜。如果你想改变你的就寝时间，要逐渐改变，比如每天早15分钟或晚15分钟)”可知，后文提到了不要打破睡眠的惯例，即建议睡眠时间要同一，在每天晚上的同一时间。故D选项“每天晚上同一时间上床睡觉”符合语境，故选D。
18．根据上文“Some foods are more helpful to a better night’s sleep than others.(有些食物比其他食物更有助于获得更好的睡眠)”以及后文“Others like bananas, potatoes, and whole-wheat bread are also helpful.(其他如香蕉、土豆和全麦面包也很有帮助)”可知，本句主要是在将可以助眠的饮食，故F选项“每个人都知道温牛奶有助于人们睡得更好”符合语境，故选F。
19．根据本段内容“Exercising provides lots of good health benefits. A good night’s sleep is one of them. But make sure you exercise in the morning or afternoon. The National Sleep Foundation reports that exercise in the morning or afternoon can help deepen sleep and cut the time it takes for you to fall into sleep. However, those who worked out in the evening hours saw little or no improvement in their sleep.(锻炼对健康有很多好处。睡个好觉就是其中之一。但一定要在早上或下午锻炼。美国国家睡眠基金会报告称，早上或下午锻炼有助于加深睡眠，缩短入睡所需的时间。然而，那些在晚上锻炼的人的睡眠几乎没有改善)”可知，本段的主旨是锻炼可以助眠，B选项中Exercise对应后文中Exercising。故B选项“通过锻炼来改善睡眠”符合语境，故选B。
20．根据后文“A recent study shows that people who use electronic media just before bedtime report lower-quality sleep even when they get as much sleep as those who don’t.(最近的一项研究表明，在睡前使用电子媒体的人报告睡眠质量较低，即使他们的睡眠时间与不使用电子媒体的人一样长)”可知，后文的研究表明不应该在睡前使用电子媒体，G选项中TV对应后文中electronic media。故G选项“睡前不要看电视，你会睡得更好”符合语境，故选G。
完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
One day Christopher Columbus was at a party that a Spanish gentleman gave in his honor.People were saying, “What a great ２1 you have made！” However, several people present were envious of him.They began to try to make Columbus ２2 .
“You have discovered new ２3 beyond the seas，” they said, “but what of that Anybody can ２4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side.It is the ２5 thing in the world.All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) ２6 feat (功绩)．”
Columbus made no ２7 ， but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company, “Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg ２8 on end？”
“That's impossible，” the host replied.“You would need to be a ２9 to do that.” One by one, those at the table ３0 the experiment. ３1 ， none of them succeeded.
After a short silence, Columbus took the egg and struck its small end ３2 upon the table so as to ３3 the shell (壳) a little.After that, there was no ３4 in making it stand upright.“Gentlemen，” he said, “what is easier than to do this which you said was impossible It is the simplest thing in the world.Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN ３5 HOW！”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了哥伦布在庆功会上，用立鸡蛋这样一个小试验，让所有人对他的成就无话可说的故事。
２1．( C )A.decision B．schedule
C.discovery D．statement
解析：根据下文“You have discovered new 3 beyond the seas”可知，此处指哥伦布发现了新大陆，所以空处所在句是指“你的发现多么伟大”。故选C项。A.decision决定；B.schedule计划，进度表；C.discovery发现；D.statement声明，报告。
２2．( B )A.unhurt B．uncomfortable
C.unfortunate D．unafraid
解析：根据下文“but what of that Anybody can 4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side.”可知，这些人是在说一些哥伦布的酸话，这些话会令人不舒服。故选B项。A.unhurt没有受伤的；B.uncomfortable感到不舒服的；C.unfortunate不幸的；D.unafraid不怕的，无畏的。
２3．( C )A.substances B．oceans
C.lands D．treasures
解析：根据常识可知，哥伦布发现了新大陆。故选C项。A.substances物质；B.oceans海洋；C.lands陆地；D.treasures珍宝。
２4．( A )A.sail B．run
C.walk D．hike
解析：根据下文“across the ocean”可知，此处指横渡大洋。故选A项。A.sail航行；B.run跑步；C.walk行走；D.hike徒步旅行。
２5．( D )A.greatest B．worst
C.hardest D．simplest
解析：根据下文“All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) 6 feat (功绩)．”可知，他们觉得只需要向西航行就行，所以是最简单的事。故选D项。A.greatest最好的；B.worst最糟的；C.hardest最难的；D.simplest最简单的。
２6．( C )A.small B．useless
C.remarkable D．ordinary
解析：根据“All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) 6 feat (功绩)．”可知，这些人觉得只需要向西航行就可以发现新大陆，所以并不是什么“了不起”的成就。故选C项。A.small小的；B.useless无用的；C.remarkable非凡的；D.ordinary普通的。
２7．( B )A.apology B．answer
C.mistake D．secret
解析：根据上文别人说的话可知，此处指哥伦布没有回答。故选B项。A.apology道歉；B.answer回答；C.mistake错误；D.secret秘密。
２8．( D )A.roll B．sit
C.fall D．stand
解析：根据下文“After that, there was no 14 in making it stand upright.”可知，此处是在问谁能把鸡蛋立起来。故选D项。A.roll翻滚；B.sit坐下；C.fall跌倒；D.stand站立，直立。
２9．( A )A.magician B．sailor
C.planner D．doctor
解析：根据上文“That's impossible”可知，大家都觉得不可能做到，所以此处指只有魔法师才可以做到。故选A项。A.magician魔法师；B.sailor水手；C.planner规划者；D.doctor医生。
３0．( C )A.evaluated B．finished
C.tried D．designed
解析：根据“One by one, those at the table 10 the experiment. 11 ， none of them succeeded.”可知，此处指一个又一个人尝试了这个试验。故选C项。A.evaluated评估；B.finished结束；C.tried尝试；D.designed设计。
３1．( B )A.Above all B．At last
C.For instance D．In addition
解析：根据下文“none of them succeeded”可知，试到最后，一个人也没成功。故选B项。A.Above all最重要的是；B.At last最后；C.For instance例如；D.In addition此外。
３2．( A )A.gently B．helplessly
C.heavily D．critically
解析：根据下文“so as to 13 the shell (壳)a little”可知，哥伦布要把鸡蛋小的那一端打碎一点点，所以是轻轻地敲在桌子上。故选A项。A.gently温柔地，轻轻地；B.helplessly无助地；C.heavily在很大程度上，大量地；D.critically严重地，挑剔地。
３3．( D )A.find B．change
C.hide D．break
解析：根据“Columbus took the egg and struck its small end 12 upon the table”可知，哥伦布把鸡蛋小的一端轻轻地在桌子上敲一下，是为了把蛋壳打碎一点点。故选D项。A.find找到；B.change改变；C.hide隐藏；D.break打破，打碎。
３4．( A )A.trouble B．instruction
C.reaction D．point
解析：根据“Columbus took the egg and struck its small end 12 upon the table”及“there was no 14 in making it stand upright”可知，把鸡蛋小的一端的蛋壳敲碎一点点，立起来就不费劲了。故选A项。A.trouble困难，麻烦；B.instruction指示；C.reaction反应；D.point观点。
３5．( B )A.HIT B．SHOWN
C.EXPLODED D．SET
解析：根据“Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN 15 HOW！”可知，此处指每个人都能做到，只要有人教过他。故选B项。A.HIT击打；B.SHOWN演示；C.EXPLODED爆炸；D.SET设立。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·湖南长沙高三模拟)
Van Gogh piece reflects Paris' vibrancy
Vincent Willem van Gogh arrived in Paris in 1886 1 (join) his brother and gallery manager Theo, 2 the unknown painter became fascinated with its vibrant social scenes as the cultural and art center of Europe.
During his two－year stay in Paris before relocating to southern France, Van Gogh gained new 3 (insight) into modern art.The enthusiastic Parisian lifestyle inspired bright colors in his works, 4 transition from the dark tones and moodiness he portrayed during his time in Amsterdam.
Among the sites he painted included Asnieres, a village north of Paris along the Seine, which 5 (be) a retreat from the hustle and bustle of the city.There, Van Gogh deeply embraced nature's colors and a leisurely, peaceful lifestyle.Meanwhile, he attempted to individualize his 6 (art) approach by depicting the plants, flowers and the sun's radiance, rather than the farmers he had 7 (previous) focused on.
This attempt 8 (reveal) in Les canots amarres in which Van Gogh illustrated a serene riverside scene in Asnieres of moored boats, 9 (bloom) flowers and the cloudy sky.His brushstrokes in this piece exhibit a transformative stage in his career.The painting is being exhibited in Beijing 10 will travel to Shanghai on Sept. 7 and 8 before going under the hammer at Christie's auction house in Hong Kong on Sept. 26.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Van Gogh在巴黎的艺术创作经历以及他的一幅画作《停泊的船只》正在北京展出，之后还将在上海展出，最后在香港拍卖。
1．to join
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Vincent Willem van Gogh于1886年来到巴黎，与他的兄弟兼画廊经理Theo会合，在那里，这位不知名的画家对巴黎作为欧洲文化和艺术中心的充满活力的社交场景着迷了。此处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to join。
2．where
解析：考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Paris，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在巴黎”，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
3．insights
解析：考查名词复数。句意：在搬到法国南部之前，Van Gogh在巴黎逗留了两年，对现代艺术有了新的见解。可数名词insight作宾语，意为“洞悉；了解”，结合句意可知，表示“对现代艺术方方面面的洞悉和了解”应用复数形式。故填insights。
4．a
解析：考查冠词。句意：热情的巴黎生活方式激发了他作品中的鲜艳色彩，这是他从阿姆斯特丹时期所描绘的暗色调和忧郁情绪的一种转变。此处泛指“一种转变”，且transition的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
5．was
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他所画的地点包括巴黎北部塞纳河沿岸的阿涅尔村，那是远离城市喧嚣的地方。空处作从句的谓语，结合主句“Among the sites he painted included Asnieres”可知，讲述过去的事情应用一般过去时，主语which(即先行词Asnieres)是专有名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was。
6．artistic
解析：考查形容词。句意：同时，他试图通过描绘植物、花朵和太阳的光辉，而不是他之前关注的农民，来使自己的艺术方法个性化。空处修饰名词approach，应用形容词artistic作定语，意为“艺术的”。故填artistic。
7．previously
解析：考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词focused，应用副词previously作状语，意为“以前地，先前地”。故填previously。
8．is revealed
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这一尝试在《停泊的船只》中得到了体现，Van Gogh在画中描绘了阿涅尔村宁静的河边景色：停泊的小船，盛开的花朵和阴云密布的天空。空处作谓语，与主语This attempt之间是被动关系，描述客观事实应使用一般现在时，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填is revealed。
9．blooming
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词flowers，bloom与其逻辑主语flowers之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动和正在发生。故填blooming。
10．and
解析：考查连词。句意：这幅画正在北京展出，将于9月7日和8日前往上海，然后在9月26日在香港佳士得拍卖行进行拍卖。“is being exhibited”和“will travel to”为并列谓语动词，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
v.基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。
每个人都有自己崇拜的人。请用英语写一篇短文，介绍你最崇拜的人。
Yuan Longping，1.who was born in September，1930 (1930年9月生), graduated from Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute.In the 1960s，when China was suffering serious famine，he was determined to 2.fight for the whole mankind (为全人类而战) in his career and 3.meet people's demand for food (满足人们对食物的需求)．With years of passion and hard work，he eventually invented hybrid rice.4.Apart from that (除此之外)，Yuan 5.made it possible to grow hybrid rice in large amounts (使杂交水稻的大量种植成为可能；it作形式宾语), 6.for which he is regarded as the “father of hybrid rice” (因此他被称为“杂交水稻之父”；“介词＋which”引导定语从句)．Without his commitment and contributions，China, even the whole world, would still 7.suffer from great starvation (遭受巨大的饥饿)．On February 19, 2001, Yuan Longping was awarded the National Highest Science and Technology Award.
Unit 6 THE ADMIRABLE 单元整合训练（原卷版）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
(2025·江西赣州高三期末)
These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet.
Diane Wilson
In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world's largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas' Gulf Coast.The $50 million settlement is the largest award in a citizen suit against an industrial polluter in the history of the US Clean Water Act.As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to stop throwing away plastic waste and fund remediation (补救) of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways.
Delima Silalahi
Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17，824 acres of tropical (热带的) forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia.Her community's activism reclaimed this territory from a pulp (纸浆) and paper company.The six communities have begun restoring the forests, creating valuable carbon sinks of biodiverse Indonesian tropical forest.
Tero Mustonen
Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86，000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats.Rich in organic matter, peatlands are highly effective carbon sinks.Roughly one－third of Finland's surface area is made up of peatlands.
Alessandra Korap Munduruku
Alessandra Korap Munduruku organised community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American in Brazil's Amazon rainforest.In May 2021, the company formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories, including the Sawré Muybu Indigenous Territory, which contains more than 400，000 acres of rainforest.The decision protects a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation.
1．Who filed a suit against a company？( )
A.Diane Wilson.
B.Tero Mustonen.
C.Delima Silalahi.
D.Alessandra Korap Munduruku.
2．Which of the following was Tero Mustonen devoted to？( )
A.Promoting the industrial peat mining.
B.Repairing the damage done to peatlands.
C.Restoring biodiverse wetlands and habitats.
D.Controlling the development of carbon stores.
3．What can we infer about the people mentioned in the text？( )
A.They are highly creative.
B.They are very considerate.
C.They are human rights activists.
D.They are environmental defenders.
B
(2025·八省联考)
Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.
Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities, that trust is won every day when life saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.
It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That's what the postal service means to us.
4．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph？( )
A.He's open minded.
B.He's sharp eyed.
C.He's warm hearted.
D.He's strong willed.
5．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean？( )
A.Refused. B．Criticized.
C.Investigated. D．Suspended.6．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work？( )
A.He drove Butch to its owner.
B.He sent presents to his friends.
C.He prepared a retirement party.
D.He said goodbye to the neighbors.
7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？( )
A.To remember a respected mail carrier.
B.To record an unforgettable experience.
C.To raise funds for the postal service.
D.To call for harmony in the community.
C
(2025·T8联考)
Confirmation bias refers to people's tendency to seek out information that supports their existing beliefs. While it's usually subconscious, its impacts are significant. It can cloud people's judgement and decision making processes.
One explanation for confirmation bias is that it is an efficient way to process information. Humans are constantly fed with information and cannot possibly take the time to carefully process each piece. It is adaptive for humans to rely on subconscious, automatic judgements that contribute to the efficiency. Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their self worth. People like to feel good about themselves, and discovering a belief they highly value is incorrect makes them feel bad about themselves. Therefore, confirmation bias will encourage them to disregard the information contrary to their belief.
Researches show that confirmation bias is strong and widespread. In studies examining my side bias, people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side. Only when a researcher directly asked people to generate arguments against their own beliefs were they able to do so. It is not that people are incapable of generating arguments that are contrary to their beliefs, but, rather, people are not motivated to do so.
Confirmation bias also surfaces in interpersonal communication. When interacting with people who perceivers think have certain personalities, the perceivers will ask questions that are biased toward supporting the perceivers' beliefs. If a new roommate is expected to be friendly and outgoing, Maria may ask her if she likes to go to parties rather than asking if she often studies in the library.
Confirmation bias may lead to incomplete and misinterpreted understanding of an issue or topic, as crucial information may be overlooked or dismissed. Thus, to avoid it, people are supposed to diversify the sources of information accessed as seeking multiple perspectives brings a broader understanding of the subject matter and allows for well rounded decision making. Another way is to actively challenge the bias by questioning assumptions and relying on evidence rather than personal opinions, which helps us consciously recognize informational biases and minimize their impact.
８．Why do people show confirmation bias？( )
A.To help maintain their dignity.
B.To prevent shallow judgements.
C.To handle complex information.
D.To develop their logical reasoning.
９．What did the studies in paragraph 3 find？( )
A.People couldn't produce arguments against their belief.
B.Information supporting people's belief often won preference.
C.It took considerable motivation to face controversial issues.
D.People focused on information concerning the opposing side.
１０．How does the writer illustrate confirmation bias in communication？( )
A.By making comparison.
B.By giving an example.
C.By introducing a study.
D.By defining a concept.
１１．What is the passage mainly about？( )
A.The role of my side bias in enhancing people's own beliefs.
B.The effects of information overload on decision making process.
C.The impact of confirmation bias on interpersonal communication.
D.Understanding of confirmation bias and strategies to overcome it.
D
(2024·浙江绍兴一模)
In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse and prolific as Harrison Ford.From the fearless Indiana Jones to the charming Han Solo and the world－weary Rick Deckard, Ford's portrayal (饰演) of iconic characters has left a permanent mark on cinema and pop culture.Yet, the irony lies in how many of his career－defining roles fell into this “late bloomer's” lap by chance.
Born in Chicago, Harrison was discouraged from pursuing a career on the silver screen early on, having failed to land any significant parts.Instead, he turned to professional carpentry (木工) as a means to keep his family fed.
But fate had other plans.While working as a carpenter in Hollywood, Ford crossed paths with numerous celebrity clients such as Joan Didion and, most notably, director George Lucas，who hired him to build cabinets for his office.Little did Ford know that this chance encounter would lead to his breakthrough role as the charming Han Solo in Star Wars.Lucas was impressed by Ford's presence and offered him the iconic role.In time, Ford rose to a star.
Ford's next lucky moment came when he tried out for the role of Indiana Jones in a massive project by Lucas and Steven Spielberg, Raiders of the Lost Ark.Spielberg initially wanted Ford for the role, but Lucas was hesitant as he had already worked with Ford on Star Wars and 1973's American Graffiti.Then the production team tried many other possibilities but without luck.Eventually, the role went to Ford, strengthening his status as a Hollywood legend.
The film series became a worldwide sensation, stimulating people's imagination and inspiring a generation of future archaeologists.Over 40 years and four films later, Ford found himself completing the series with the fifth and final installment.Eighty－one－year－old Harrison received a five－minute standing ovation (鼓掌) at the Cannes Film Festival Premiere and picked up an honorary Palme d'Or for his achievements.
Ford's commitment to his career is evident as he said, “I love the work! My luck has been to work with incredibly talented people, to find my way into this crowd of geniuses.” Despite his legendary status in Hollywood, Ford's humility shines through.
12．What does the underlined word “prolific” probably mean in paragraph 1？( )
A.Productive. B．Fruitless.
C.Hard－earned. D．Promising.
13．What made Harrison discouraged in his early film career？( )
A.His lack of talent.
B.The uncertain prospect.
C.The dull industry.
D.His family's opposition.
14．What is the factor highlighted in the passage in Ford's landing the important roles？( )
A.His good fortune.
B.His convincing acting.
C.His fine reputation.
D.His big circle of friends.
15．Which of the following best describes Harrison？( )
A.A rising film genius.
B.A humble carpenter.
C.A Hollywood legend.
D.A fearless challenger.
??Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
Ways to Sleep Smarter
Studies show that poor sleep influences people to make good decisions, focus on work and even manage a friendly mood at work. 16 . Today we’ve got four top favorite sleep tips and facts.
Set a regular bedtime
17 Choose a time when you normally feel tired. Try not to break this routine on weekends when you will probably stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, make the change gradually, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day.
Eat the right food.
Some foods are more helpful to a better night’s sleep than others. 18 Others like bananas, potatoes, and whole-wheat bread are also helpful.
19
Exercising provides lots of good health benefits. A good night’s sleep is one of them. But make sure you exercise in the morning or afternoon. The National Sleep Foundation reports that exercise in the morning or afternoon can help deepen sleep and cut the time it takes for you to fall into sleep. However, those who worked out in the evening hours saw little or no improvement in their sleep.
Reduce (减少) screen time before bed
20 A recent study shows that people who use electronic media just before bedtime report lower-quality sleep even when they get as much sleep as those who don’t.
A．Avoid the alarm clock
B．Exercise to improve sleep
C．Try to solve problems in your sleep
D．Go to bed at the same time every night
E．There are lots of ways to better your sleep
F．Everybody knows that warm milk helps people sleep better
G．Stop watching TV just before bedtime and you’ll sleep better
Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
One day Christopher Columbus was at a party that a Spanish gentleman gave in his honor.People were saying, “What a great ２1 you have made！” However, several people present were envious of him.They began to try to make Columbus ２2 .
“You have discovered new ２3 beyond the seas，” they said, “but what of that Anybody can ２4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side.It is the ２5 thing in the world.All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) ２6 feat (功绩)．”
Columbus made no ２7 ， but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company, “Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg ２8 on end？”
“That's impossible，” the host replied.“You would need to be a ２9 to do that.” One by one, those at the table ３0 the experiment. ３1 ， none of them succeeded.
After a short silence, Columbus took the egg and struck its small end ３2 upon the table so as to ３3 the shell (壳) a little.After that, there was no ３4 in making it stand upright.“Gentlemen，” he said, “what is easier than to do this which you said was impossible It is the simplest thing in the world.Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN ３5 HOW！”
２1．( )A.decision B．schedule
C.discovery D．statement
２2．( )A.unhurt B．uncomfortable
C.unfortunate D．unafraid
２3．( )A.substances B．oceans
C.lands D．treasures
２4．( )A.sail B．run
C.walk D．hike
２5．( )A.greatest B．worst
C.hardest D．simplest
２6．( )A.small B．useless
C.remarkable D．ordinary
２7．( )A.apology B．answer
C.mistake D．secret
２8．( )A.roll B．sit
C.fall D．stand
２9．( )A.magician B．sailor
C.planner D．doctor
３0．( )A.evaluated B．finished
C.tried D．designed
３1．( )A.Above all B．At last
C.For instance D．In addition
３2．( )A.gently B．helplessly
C.heavily D．critically
３3．( )A.find B．change
C.hide D．break
３4．( )A.trouble B．instruction
C.reaction D．point
３5．( )A.HIT B．SHOWN
C.EXPLODED D．SET
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·湖南长沙高三模拟)
Van Gogh piece reflects Paris' vibrancy
Vincent Willem van Gogh arrived in Paris in 1886 1 (join) his brother and gallery manager Theo, 2 the unknown painter became fascinated with its vibrant social scenes as the cultural and art center of Europe.
During his two－year stay in Paris before relocating to southern France, Van Gogh gained new 3 (insight) into modern art.The enthusiastic Parisian lifestyle inspired bright colors in his works, 4 transition from the dark tones and moodiness he portrayed during his time in Amsterdam.
Among the sites he painted included Asnieres, a village north of Paris along the Seine, which 5 (be) a retreat from the hustle and bustle of the city.There, Van Gogh deeply embraced nature's colors and a leisurely, peaceful lifestyle.Meanwhile, he attempted to individualize his 6 (art) approach by depicting the plants, flowers and the sun's radiance, rather than the farmers he had 7 (previous) focused on.
This attempt 8 (reveal) in Les canots amarres in which Van Gogh illustrated a serene riverside scene in Asnieres of moored boats, 9 (bloom) flowers and the cloudy sky.His brushstrokes in this piece exhibit a transformative stage in his career.The painting is being exhibited in Beijing 10 ＿＿＿＿＿ will travel to Shanghai on Sept. 7 and 8 before going under the hammer at Christie's auction house in Hong Kong on Sept. 26.
v.基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。
每个人都有自己崇拜的人。请用英语写一篇短文，介绍你最崇拜的人。
Yuan Longping，1.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (1930年9月生), graduated from Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute.In the 1960s，when China was suffering serious famine，he was determined to 2.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (为全人类而战) in his career and 3.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(满足人们对食物的需求)．With years of passion and hard work，he eventually invented hybrid rice.4.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (除此之外)，Yuan 5.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (使杂交水稻大量种植成为可能；it作形式宾语), 6.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (因此他被称为“杂交水稻之父”；“介词＋which”引导定语从句)．Without his commitment and contributions，China, even the whole world, would still 7.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (遭受巨大的饥饿)．On February 19, 2001, Yuan Longping was awarded the National Highest Science and Technology Award.
【北师大版必修第二册】
Unit 6 THE ADMIRABLE 单元整合训练（解析版）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
(2025·江西赣州高三期末)
These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet.
Diane Wilson
In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world's largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas' Gulf Coast.The $50 million settlement is the largest award in a citizen suit against an industrial polluter in the history of the US Clean Water Act.As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to stop throwing away plastic waste and fund remediation (补救) of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways.
Delima Silalahi
Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17，824 acres of tropical (热带的) forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia.Her community's activism reclaimed this territory from a pulp (纸浆) and paper company.The six communities have begun restoring the forests, creating valuable carbon sinks of biodiverse Indonesian tropical forest.
Tero Mustonen
Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86，000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats.Rich in organic matter, peatlands are highly effective carbon sinks.Roughly one－third of Finland's surface area is made up of peatlands.
Alessandra Korap Munduruku
Alessandra Korap Munduruku organised community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American in Brazil's Amazon rainforest.In May 2021, the company formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories, including the Sawré Muybu Indigenous Territory, which contains more than 400，000 acres of rainforest.The decision protects a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了来自世界各地的四位杰出人物以及他们为地球所做出的贡献。
1．Who filed a suit against a company？( A )
A.Diane Wilson.
B.Tero Mustonen.
C.Delima Silalahi.
D.Alessandra Korap Munduruku.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Diane Wilson部分中“In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world's largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas' Gulf Coast.”可知，Diane Wilson起诉了一家公司。故选A。
2．Which of the following was Tero Mustonen devoted to？( B )
A.Promoting the industrial peat mining.
B.Repairing the damage done to peatlands.
C.Restoring biodiverse wetlands and habitats.
D.Controlling the development of carbon stores.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Tero Mustonen部分中“Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86，000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats.”可知，Tero Mustonen致力于修复被严重破坏的前工业泥炭采矿和林业场所。故选B。
3．What can we infer about the people mentioned in the text？( D )
A.They are highly creative.
B.They are very considerate.
C.They are human rights activists.
D.They are environmental defenders.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet.”以及下文介绍的他们为保护地球环境所做出的贡献可知，他们是环境保护卫士。故选D。
B
(2025·八省联考)
Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.
Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities, that trust is won every day when life saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.
It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That's what the postal service means to us.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了邮递员Jim Johnson在多年的工作中与社区居民建立的深厚感情。
4．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph？( C )
A.He's open minded.
B.He's sharp eyed.
C.He's warm hearted.
D.He's strong willed.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of curveball.”可知，Jim不仅送信，还帮助居民做很多事情，记住每个孩子和宠物的名字，帮忙送杂货，关注居民安全，教孩子们打球，这些行为都体现了他热心善良的性格特征，故选C。
5．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean？( B )
A.Refused. B．Criticized.
C.Investigated. D．Suspended.
解析：词义猜测题。文章第二段提到“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.”，根据Though可知，上下文形成转折关系，表示虽然邮政服务现在经常受到负面评价，但人们对当地邮局服务的信任依然存在。因此“disparaged”的意思与criticized最接近，故选B。
6．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work？( D )
A.He drove Butch to its owner.
B.He sent presents to his friends.
C.He prepared a retirement party.
D.He said goodbye to the neighbors.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.”可知，在最后的工作日，Jim在每个停靠点都接受了居民们的道别祝福，故选D。
7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？( A )
A.To remember a respected mail carrier.
B.To record an unforgettable experience.
C.To raise funds for the postal service.
D.To call for harmony in the community.
解析：写作目的题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段的“It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.” 可知，作者的写作目的是要纪念这位受人尊敬的邮递员Jim，展现他与社区之间建立的深厚情谊，故选A。
C
(2025·T8联考)
Confirmation bias refers to people's tendency to seek out information that supports their existing beliefs. While it's usually subconscious, its impacts are significant. It can cloud people's judgement and decision making processes.
One explanation for confirmation bias is that it is an efficient way to process information. Humans are constantly fed with information and cannot possibly take the time to carefully process each piece. It is adaptive for humans to rely on subconscious, automatic judgements that contribute to the efficiency. Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their self worth. People like to feel good about themselves, and discovering a belief they highly value is incorrect makes them feel bad about themselves. Therefore, confirmation bias will encourage them to disregard the information contrary to their belief.
Researches show that confirmation bias is strong and widespread. In studies examining my side bias, people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side. Only when a researcher directly asked people to generate arguments against their own beliefs were they able to do so. It is not that people are incapable of generating arguments that are contrary to their beliefs, but, rather, people are not motivated to do so.
Confirmation bias also surfaces in interpersonal communication. When interacting with people who perceivers think have certain personalities, the perceivers will ask questions that are biased toward supporting the perceivers' beliefs. If a new roommate is expected to be friendly and outgoing, Maria may ask her if she likes to go to parties rather than asking if she often studies in the library.
Confirmation bias may lead to incomplete and misinterpreted understanding of an issue or topic, as crucial information may be overlooked or dismissed. Thus, to avoid it, people are supposed to diversify the sources of information accessed as seeking multiple perspectives brings a broader understanding of the subject matter and allows for well rounded decision making. Another way is to actively challenge the bias by questioning assumptions and relying on evidence rather than personal opinions, which helps us consciously recognize informational biases and minimize their impact.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。确认偏见是指人们倾向于寻找支持自身信念的信息，进而影响判断与决策。为了克服确认偏见，应使信息来源多样化并主动质疑假设，提升理解和判断能力。
８．Why do people show confirmation bias？( A )
A.To help maintain their dignity.
B.To prevent shallow judgements.
C.To handle complex information.
D.To develop their logical reasoning.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their self worth.”可知，人们是为了保护自己的自尊而呈现出确认偏见。
９．What did the studies in paragraph 3 find？( B )
A.People couldn't produce arguments against their belief.
B.Information supporting people's belief often won preference.
C.It took considerable motivation to face controversial issues.
D.People focused on information concerning the opposing side.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side”可知，人们在面对有争议的问题的时候，会偏向那些支持他们立场的信息而不是与他们的立场相对立的信息。
１０．How does the writer illustrate confirmation bias in communication？( B )
A.By making comparison.
B.By giving an example.
C.By introducing a study.
D.By defining a concept.
解析：写作手法题。第四段主要讲述确认偏见在人际交往中的体现，最后给出例子“If a new roommate is expected to…studies in the library.”来进行说明。因此，作者是运用举例的写作手法来解释说明人际沟通中的确认偏见。
１１．What is the passage mainly about？( D )
A.The role of my side bias in enhancing people's own beliefs.
B.The effects of information overload on decision making process.
C.The impact of confirmation bias on interpersonal communication.
D.Understanding of confirmation bias and strategies to overcome it.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章5个自然段从概念、原因、表现、影响以及如何避免的角度，帮助读者深刻理解确认偏见并提出了克服它的策略。
D
(2024·浙江绍兴一模)
In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse and prolific as Harrison Ford.From the fearless Indiana Jones to the charming Han Solo and the world－weary Rick Deckard, Ford's portrayal (饰演) of iconic characters has left a permanent mark on cinema and pop culture.Yet, the irony lies in how many of his career－defining roles fell into this “late bloomer's” lap by chance.
Born in Chicago, Harrison was discouraged from pursuing a career on the silver screen early on, having failed to land any significant parts.Instead, he turned to professional carpentry (木工) as a means to keep his family fed.
But fate had other plans.While working as a carpenter in Hollywood, Ford crossed paths with numerous celebrity clients such as Joan Didion and, most notably, director George Lucas，who hired him to build cabinets for his office.Little did Ford know that this chance encounter would lead to his breakthrough role as the charming Han Solo in Star Wars.Lucas was impressed by Ford's presence and offered him the iconic role.In time, Ford rose to a star.
Ford's next lucky moment came when he tried out for the role of Indiana Jones in a massive project by Lucas and Steven Spielberg, Raiders of the Lost Ark.Spielberg initially wanted Ford for the role, but Lucas was hesitant as he had already worked with Ford on Star Wars and 1973's American Graffiti.Then the production team tried many other possibilities but without luck.Eventually, the role went to Ford, strengthening his status as a Hollywood legend.
The film series became a worldwide sensation, stimulating people's imagination and inspiring a generation of future archaeologists.Over 40 years and four films later, Ford found himself completing the series with the fifth and final installment.Eighty－one－year－old Harrison received a five－minute standing ovation (鼓掌) at the Cannes Film Festival Premiere and picked up an honorary Palme d'Or for his achievements.
Ford's commitment to his career is evident as he said, “I love the work! My luck has been to work with incredibly talented people, to find my way into this crowd of geniuses.” Despite his legendary status in Hollywood, Ford's humility shines through.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好莱坞著名演员Harrison Ford的个人事迹和演艺经历。
12．What does the underlined word “prolific” probably mean in paragraph 1？( A )
A.Productive. B．Fruitless.
C.Hard－earned. D．Promising.
解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse”以及“From the fearless Indiana Jones to the charming Han Solo and the world－weary Rick Deckard, Ford's portrayal (饰演) of iconic characters has left a permanent mark on cinema and pop culture.”可知，Harrison Ford塑造了多个令人印象深刻的角色，所以他的演员职业生涯是富有成效的，由此可推知，画线词prolific意为“多产的；富有成效的”，与productive意思相近。故选A。
13．What made Harrison discouraged in his early film career？( B )
A.His lack of talent.
B.The uncertain prospect.
C.The dull industry.
D.His family's opposition.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Born in Chicago, Harrison was discouraged from pursuing a career on the silver screen early on, having failed to land any significant parts.Instead, he turned to professional carpentry (木工) as a means to keep his family fed.”可知，由于未能出演任何重要角色，职业前景的不确定性让Harrison在早期的工作中感到气馁。故选B。
14．What is the factor highlighted in the passage in Ford's landing the important roles？( A )
A.His good fortune.
B.His convincing acting.
C.His fine reputation.
D.His big circle of friends.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“But fate had other plans.While working as a carpenter in Hollywood…Little did Ford know that this chance encounter would lead to his breakthrough role as the charming Han Solo in Star Wars.”以及第四段中“Ford's next lucky moment came when he tried out for the role of Indiana Jones in a massive project by Lucas and Steven Spielberg, Raiders of the Lost Ark.”可知，Ford的好运是他获得重要角色的突出因素。故选A。
15．Which of the following best describes Harrison？( C )
A.A rising film genius.
B.A humble carpenter.
C.A Hollywood legend.
D.A fearless challenger.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“In Hollywood, few actors have experienced a career as diverse and prolific as Harrison Ford.”以及最后一段中“Despite his legendary status in Hollywood, Ford's humility shines through.”可知，Harrison是好莱坞的传奇人物。故选C。
??Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
Ways to Sleep Smarter
Studies show that poor sleep influences people to make good decisions, focus on work and even manage a friendly mood at work. 16 . Today we’ve got four top favorite sleep tips and facts.
Set a regular bedtime
17 Choose a time when you normally feel tired. Try not to break this routine on weekends when you will probably stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, make the change gradually, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day.
Eat the right food.
Some foods are more helpful to a better night’s sleep than others. 18 Others like bananas, potatoes, and whole-wheat bread are also helpful.
19
Exercising provides lots of good health benefits. A good night’s sleep is one of them. But make sure you exercise in the morning or afternoon. The National Sleep Foundation reports that exercise in the morning or afternoon can help deepen sleep and cut the time it takes for you to fall into sleep. However, those who worked out in the evening hours saw little or no improvement in their sleep.
Reduce (减少) screen time before bed
20 A recent study shows that people who use electronic media just before bedtime report lower-quality sleep even when they get as much sleep as those who don’t.
A．Avoid the alarm clock
B．Exercise to improve sleep
C．Try to solve problems in your sleep
D．Go to bed at the same time every night
E．There are lots of ways to better your sleep
F．Everybody knows that warm milk helps people sleep better
G．Stop watching TV just before bedtime and you’ll sleep better
【答案】16．E 17．D 18．F 19．B 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改善睡眠的建议。
16．根据上文“Studies show that poor sleep influences people to make good decisions, focus on work and even manage a friendly mood at work.(研究表明，糟糕的睡眠会影响人们做出正确的决定，影响工作专注度，甚至影响在工作中保持友好的情绪)”以及后文“Today we’ve got four top favorite sleep tips and facts.(今天我们有四个最受欢迎的睡眠技巧和事实)”可知，上文说明了睡眠的重要性和影响，后文提到了改善睡眠的技巧，可知睡眠可以通过技巧得到改善。故E选项“改善睡眠的方法有很多”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据后文“Choose a time when you normally feel tired. Try not to break this routine on weekends when you will probably stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, make the change gradually, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day.(选择一个你通常觉得累的时间。尽量不要在周末打破这个惯例，因为你可能会熬夜。如果你想改变你的就寝时间，要逐渐改变，比如每天早15分钟或晚15分钟)”可知，后文提到了不要打破睡眠的惯例，即建议睡眠时间要同一，在每天晚上的同一时间。故D选项“每天晚上同一时间上床睡觉”符合语境，故选D。
18．根据上文“Some foods are more helpful to a better night’s sleep than others.(有些食物比其他食物更有助于获得更好的睡眠)”以及后文“Others like bananas, potatoes, and whole-wheat bread are also helpful.(其他如香蕉、土豆和全麦面包也很有帮助)”可知，本句主要是在将可以助眠的饮食，故F选项“每个人都知道温牛奶有助于人们睡得更好”符合语境，故选F。
19．根据本段内容“Exercising provides lots of good health benefits. A good night’s sleep is one of them. But make sure you exercise in the morning or afternoon. The National Sleep Foundation reports that exercise in the morning or afternoon can help deepen sleep and cut the time it takes for you to fall into sleep. However, those who worked out in the evening hours saw little or no improvement in their sleep.(锻炼对健康有很多好处。睡个好觉就是其中之一。但一定要在早上或下午锻炼。美国国家睡眠基金会报告称，早上或下午锻炼有助于加深睡眠，缩短入睡所需的时间。然而，那些在晚上锻炼的人的睡眠几乎没有改善)”可知，本段的主旨是锻炼可以助眠，B选项中Exercise对应后文中Exercising。故B选项“通过锻炼来改善睡眠”符合语境，故选B。
20．根据后文“A recent study shows that people who use electronic media just before bedtime report lower-quality sleep even when they get as much sleep as those who don’t.(最近的一项研究表明，在睡前使用电子媒体的人报告睡眠质量较低，即使他们的睡眠时间与不使用电子媒体的人一样长)”可知，后文的研究表明不应该在睡前使用电子媒体，G选项中TV对应后文中electronic media。故G选项“睡前不要看电视，你会睡得更好”符合语境，故选G。
完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
One day Christopher Columbus was at a party that a Spanish gentleman gave in his honor.People were saying, “What a great ２1 you have made！” However, several people present were envious of him.They began to try to make Columbus ２2 .
“You have discovered new ２3 beyond the seas，” they said, “but what of that Anybody can ２4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side.It is the ２5 thing in the world.All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) ２6 feat (功绩)．”
Columbus made no ２7 ， but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company, “Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg ２8 on end？”
“That's impossible，” the host replied.“You would need to be a ２9 to do that.” One by one, those at the table ３0 the experiment. ３1 ， none of them succeeded.
After a short silence, Columbus took the egg and struck its small end ３2 upon the table so as to ３3 the shell (壳) a little.After that, there was no ３4 in making it stand upright.“Gentlemen，” he said, “what is easier than to do this which you said was impossible It is the simplest thing in the world.Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN ３5 HOW！”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了哥伦布在庆功会上，用立鸡蛋这样一个小试验，让所有人对他的成就无话可说的故事。
２1．( C )A.decision B．schedule
C.discovery D．statement
解析：根据下文“You have discovered new 3 beyond the seas”可知，此处指哥伦布发现了新大陆，所以空处所在句是指“你的发现多么伟大”。故选C项。A.decision决定；B.schedule计划，进度表；C.discovery发现；D.statement声明，报告。
２2．( B )A.unhurt B．uncomfortable
C.unfortunate D．unafraid
解析：根据下文“but what of that Anybody can 4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side.”可知，这些人是在说一些哥伦布的酸话，这些话会令人不舒服。故选B项。A.unhurt没有受伤的；B.uncomfortable感到不舒服的；C.unfortunate不幸的；D.unafraid不怕的，无畏的。
２3．( C )A.substances B．oceans
C.lands D．treasures
解析：根据常识可知，哥伦布发现了新大陆。故选C项。A.substances物质；B.oceans海洋；C.lands陆地；D.treasures珍宝。
２4．( A )A.sail B．run
C.walk D．hike
解析：根据下文“across the ocean”可知，此处指横渡大洋。故选A项。A.sail航行；B.run跑步；C.walk行走；D.hike徒步旅行。
２5．( D )A.greatest B．worst
C.hardest D．simplest
解析：根据下文“All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) 6 feat (功绩)．”可知，他们觉得只需要向西航行就行，所以是最简单的事。故选D项。A.greatest最好的；B.worst最糟的；C.hardest最难的；D.simplest最简单的。
２6．( C )A.small B．useless
C.remarkable D．ordinary
解析：根据“All you need to do is sail west.That's not a(n) 6 feat (功绩)．”可知，这些人觉得只需要向西航行就可以发现新大陆，所以并不是什么“了不起”的成就。故选C项。A.small小的；B.useless无用的；C.remarkable非凡的；D.ordinary普通的。
２7．( B )A.apology B．answer
C.mistake D．secret
解析：根据上文别人说的话可知，此处指哥伦布没有回答。故选B项。A.apology道歉；B.answer回答；C.mistake错误；D.secret秘密。
２8．( D )A.roll B．sit
C.fall D．stand
解析：根据下文“After that, there was no 14 in making it stand upright.”可知，此处是在问谁能把鸡蛋立起来。故选D项。A.roll翻滚；B.sit坐下；C.fall跌倒；D.stand站立，直立。
２9．( A )A.magician B．sailor
C.planner D．doctor
解析：根据上文“That's impossible”可知，大家都觉得不可能做到，所以此处指只有魔法师才可以做到。故选A项。A.magician魔法师；B.sailor水手；C.planner规划者；D.doctor医生。
３0．( C )A.evaluated B．finished
C.tried D．designed
解析：根据“One by one, those at the table 10 the experiment. 11 ， none of them succeeded.”可知，此处指一个又一个人尝试了这个试验。故选C项。A.evaluated评估；B.finished结束；C.tried尝试；D.designed设计。
３1．( B )A.Above all B．At last
C.For instance D．In addition
解析：根据下文“none of them succeeded”可知，试到最后，一个人也没成功。故选B项。A.Above all最重要的是；B.At last最后；C.For instance例如；D.In addition此外。
３2．( A )A.gently B．helplessly
C.heavily D．critically
解析：根据下文“so as to 13 the shell (壳)a little”可知，哥伦布要把鸡蛋小的那一端打碎一点点，所以是轻轻地敲在桌子上。故选A项。A.gently温柔地，轻轻地；B.helplessly无助地；C.heavily在很大程度上，大量地；D.critically严重地，挑剔地。
３3．( D )A.find B．change
C.hide D．break
解析：根据“Columbus took the egg and struck its small end 12 upon the table”可知，哥伦布把鸡蛋小的一端轻轻地在桌子上敲一下，是为了把蛋壳打碎一点点。故选D项。A.find找到；B.change改变；C.hide隐藏；D.break打破，打碎。
３4．( A )A.trouble B．instruction
C.reaction D．point
解析：根据“Columbus took the egg and struck its small end 12 upon the table”及“there was no 14 in making it stand upright”可知，把鸡蛋小的一端的蛋壳敲碎一点点，立起来就不费劲了。故选A项。A.trouble困难，麻烦；B.instruction指示；C.reaction反应；D.point观点。
３5．( B )A.HIT B．SHOWN
C.EXPLODED D．SET
解析：根据“Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN 15 HOW！”可知，此处指每个人都能做到，只要有人教过他。故选B项。A.HIT击打；B.SHOWN演示；C.EXPLODED爆炸；D.SET设立。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·湖南长沙高三模拟)
Van Gogh piece reflects Paris' vibrancy
Vincent Willem van Gogh arrived in Paris in 1886 1 (join) his brother and gallery manager Theo, 2 the unknown painter became fascinated with its vibrant social scenes as the cultural and art center of Europe.
During his two－year stay in Paris before relocating to southern France, Van Gogh gained new 3 (insight) into modern art.The enthusiastic Parisian lifestyle inspired bright colors in his works, 4 transition from the dark tones and moodiness he portrayed during his time in Amsterdam.
Among the sites he painted included Asnieres, a village north of Paris along the Seine, which 5 (be) a retreat from the hustle and bustle of the city.There, Van Gogh deeply embraced nature's colors and a leisurely, peaceful lifestyle.Meanwhile, he attempted to individualize his 6 (art) approach by depicting the plants, flowers and the sun's radiance, rather than the farmers he had 7 (previous) focused on.
This attempt 8 (reveal) in Les canots amarres in which Van Gogh illustrated a serene riverside scene in Asnieres of moored boats, 9 (bloom) flowers and the cloudy sky.His brushstrokes in this piece exhibit a transformative stage in his career.The painting is being exhibited in Beijing 10 will travel to Shanghai on Sept. 7 and 8 before going under the hammer at Christie's auction house in Hong Kong on Sept. 26.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Van Gogh在巴黎的艺术创作经历以及他的一幅画作《停泊的船只》正在北京展出，之后还将在上海展出，最后在香港拍卖。
1．to join
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Vincent Willem van Gogh于1886年来到巴黎，与他的兄弟兼画廊经理Theo会合，在那里，这位不知名的画家对巴黎作为欧洲文化和艺术中心的充满活力的社交场景着迷了。此处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to join。
2．where
解析：考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Paris，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在巴黎”，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
3．insights
解析：考查名词复数。句意：在搬到法国南部之前，Van Gogh在巴黎逗留了两年，对现代艺术有了新的见解。可数名词insight作宾语，意为“洞悉；了解”，结合句意可知，表示“对现代艺术方方面面的洞悉和了解”应用复数形式。故填insights。
4．a
解析：考查冠词。句意：热情的巴黎生活方式激发了他作品中的鲜艳色彩，这是他从阿姆斯特丹时期所描绘的暗色调和忧郁情绪的一种转变。此处泛指“一种转变”，且transition的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
5．was
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他所画的地点包括巴黎北部塞纳河沿岸的阿涅尔村，那是远离城市喧嚣的地方。空处作从句的谓语，结合主句“Among the sites he painted included Asnieres”可知，讲述过去的事情应用一般过去时，主语which(即先行词Asnieres)是专有名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was。
6．artistic
解析：考查形容词。句意：同时，他试图通过描绘植物、花朵和太阳的光辉，而不是他之前关注的农民，来使自己的艺术方法个性化。空处修饰名词approach，应用形容词artistic作定语，意为“艺术的”。故填artistic。
7．previously
解析：考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词focused，应用副词previously作状语，意为“以前地，先前地”。故填previously。
8．is revealed
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这一尝试在《停泊的船只》中得到了体现，Van Gogh在画中描绘了阿涅尔村宁静的河边景色：停泊的小船，盛开的花朵和阴云密布的天空。空处作谓语，与主语This attempt之间是被动关系，描述客观事实应使用一般现在时，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填is revealed。
9．blooming
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词flowers，bloom与其逻辑主语flowers之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动和正在发生。故填blooming。
10．and
解析：考查连词。句意：这幅画正在北京展出，将于9月7日和8日前往上海，然后在9月26日在香港佳士得拍卖行进行拍卖。“is being exhibited”和“will travel to”为并列谓语动词，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
v.基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。
每个人都有自己崇拜的人。请用英语写一篇短文，介绍你最崇拜的人。
Yuan Longping，1.who was born in September，1930 (1930年9月生), graduated from Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute.In the 1960s，when China was suffering serious famine，he was determined to 2.fight for the whole mankind (为全人类而战) in his career and 3.meet people's demand for food (满足人们对食物的需求)．With years of passion and hard work，he eventually invented hybrid rice.4.Apart from that (除此之外)，Yuan 5.made it possible to grow hybrid rice in large amounts (使杂交水稻的大量种植成为可能；it作形式宾语), 6.for which he is regarded as the “father of hybrid rice” (因此他被称为“杂交水稻之父”；“介词＋which”引导定语从句)．Without his commitment and contributions，China, even the whole world, would still 7.suffer from great starvation (遭受巨大的饥饿)．On February 19, 2001, Yuan Longping was awarded the National Highest Science and Technology Award.
同课章节目录
- Unit 4 Information technology
- Lesson 1 Avatars
- Lesson 2 Apps
- Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships
- Unit 5 Humans and nature
- Lesson 1 A Sea Story
- Lesson 2 Professional Rescue Team
- Lesson 3 Race to the Pole
- Unit 6 The admirable
- Lesson 1 A Medical Pioneer
- Lesson 2 History Makers
- Lesson 3 The Superhero Behind Superman