Module1 Wonders of the world六大时态讲义（含答案）外研版英语九年级上册

六大时态
一、一般现在时
1.用法：①表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作或存在状态 ②表示客观真理
2.谓语形式：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式（am/is/are/do/does）
3.标志词： always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every day/week/month/year, once a year, twice a month, three times a week等
例句：He often plays football. 他经常踢足球（经常性动作）
They are fine now. 他们现在很好 （现在的状态）
The earth turns round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转 （客观真理）
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音的传播速度快 （客观真理）
注意: 在when, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中, 若主句是将来时或祈使句, 从句则要用一般现在时表示将来
You mustn’t eat anything until you see the doctor 看医生之前你一定不要吃任何东西
If you don’t go soon, you’ll be late. 如果你不马上去，你就会迟到
二、一般过去时
1.用法：表示过去发生的动作或状态
2.谓语形式：动词过去式（was/were/did）
3.标志词：yesterday, last week/month/year, … ago, in 1994, in the past, the other day, just now等
例句：I watched TV last night. 我昨晚看了电视
He visited his parents two days ago. 他两天前看望了父母
注意：used to do sth.是过去时, 表示曾经常做某事
I used to go to the library every week. 我曾经每周都去图书馆
三、一般将来时
1.用法：表示将来会出现或发生的动作
2.谓语形式：①将要做：will（所有人称）/shall（第一人称）+ 动词原形（do）
②计划做：be（am/is/are）going to + 动词原形（do）
3.标志词：tomorrow, this afternoon, next … , one day, in+时间段, soon等
例句：I will graduate from this school soon. 我很快就会从这所学校毕业
I am going to learn a new language next year. 明年我打算学习一门新语言
四、现在进行时
1.用法：表示现在某一时刻或当前一段时间正在进行的动作
2.谓语形式：be动词（am/is/are）+动词的现在分词（v.-ing）
3.标志词：now, look, listen, at the moment, these days等
例句：Look! He is playing football on the playground.
看！他正在操场上踢足球（现在某一时刻正在进行的动作）
I am writing a novel these days. 我这些天一直在写小说（当前一段时间正在进行的动作）
注意：现在进行时表将来：come、go、leave、start、arrive等表示位移的动词常用现在进行时表示按计划、规定将要发生的动作 I am leaving tomorrow. 我明天将要离开（而不是正在离开）
五、过去进行时
1.用法：表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间正在进行的动作
2.谓语形式：was/were +动词的现在分词（v.-ing）
3.标志词：at this time yesterday, at that time/moment, that day等
例句：I was studying at nine last night. 昨晚九点的时候我在学习 （过去某一时刻正在进行的动作）
I was sleeping from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday.
昨天下午两点到五点的时候我正在睡觉 （过去一段时间正在进行的动作）
注意：while从句中的动词只能是延续性动词, 常用过去进行时
The phone rang while he was sleeping on the sofa.王先生正在沙发上睡觉时, 电话铃响了
六、现在完成时
1.用法：①表示过去发生的动作已完成，并对现在造成影响
②表示动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，并可能延续到将来
2.谓语形式：have/has +动词的过去分词（v.-ed）
3.标志词：already, yet, just, recently, ever, in the past few years, so far, since+过去时间点，for+时间段等
例句：I have just cleaned the room. (so the room is tidy).
我刚打扫干净房间（表示过去的动作造成的影响）
I have learned English for ten yeas. 我学英语已经十年了（表示动作从过去持续到现在）
注意：
当现在完成时与一段时间连用时，应非延续性动词转换为延续性动词
如come→be here, go→be there, die→be dead, borrow→keep, buy→have, leave→be away
I have borrowed this book for a week× I have kept this book for a week.√
2.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
时态 意义 例句
现在完成时 与现在有关，强调影响现在 I have read the book. 我读了这本书（了解书的内容）
一般过去时 与现在无关，单纯叙述过去 Yesterday I went to the zoo. 昨天我去了动物园
3.区分have been to，have gone to，have been in/at
表达 意义 例句
have been to+地点 去过某地
现在已经回来 He has been to Hubei several times. 他去过湖北几次（现在不在湖北）
have gone to+地点 去了某地
现在还没有回来 He has gone to Shanxi to be a volunteer. 她去西安当志愿者了（现在还在西安）
have been in/at+地点 一直在某地 He has been in Zhengzhou for 5 years. 他在南京五年了（一直在南京）
七、六种时态的一般疑问句和否定句（以do为例）
时态 一般疑问句 否定句
一般现在时 Do I/we/you/they +do… Does he/she/it + do… I/We/You/They +do not (don’t) + do… He / She / It does not (doesn’t) + do…
一般过去时 Did I/we/you/they +do… Did he/she/it + do… I/We/You/He/She/It/They+did not (didn’t) + do…
一般将来时 Will I/we/you/he/she/it/they +do… Am I going to + do… Are we/you/they+going to + do… Is he/she/it + going to + do… I/We/You/He/She/It/They+will not (won’t) + do… I am not (I’m not) going to + do… We/You/They +are not (aren’t) going to + do… He/She/It is not (isn’t) going to+ do…
现在进行时 Am I doing … Are we/you/ they +doing… Is he / she / it + doing… I am not (I’m not) doing… We/You/They +are not (aren’t) + doing… He/She/It is not (isn’t) + doing…
过去进行时 Were we/you/they +doing… Was I/he/she/it + doing… We /You/They +were not (weren’t) + doing… I/He/She/It was not (wasn’t) + doing…
现在完成时 Have I/we/you/they +done… Has he/she/it + done… I/We/You/They have not (haven’t) +done… He/She/It +has not (hasn’t) + done…
课堂小练
一、单项选择
1. Henry will give us a report as soon as he _______.
A. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive
2. —Linda, I called you this morning, but nobody answered the phone.
—I’m sorry. I football with my friends then.
A. play B. played C. am playing D. was playing
3. Mr. Green, a famous writer, ________ our school next week.
A. visited B. visits C. was visiting D. will visit
4. My grandmother _______ in Yangzhou. She was born there and has never lived anywhere else.
A. lived B. lives C. was living D. will live
5. A number of tourists _______ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.
A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to
6. Sally took a photo of her friends while they _________ computer games.
A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing
7. —Millie, where is Miss Li
—She ______ a speech on Chinese art to the first-year students in the hall.
A. gives B. gave C. is giving D. has given
8. — Have you had your breakfast yet
—Yes. Mom _____ it for me.
A. was cooking B. is cooking C. will cook D. cooked
9. Miss Lin________ a lot of work for the poor area since 2010.
A. does B. did C. has done D. will do
二、语法填空
根据时态选择动词的恰当形式填空
1. She usually _______________ (read) a book every evening before bed.
2. Yesterday, we _________________ (visit) the museum and saw some amazing paintings.
3. Look! The children _________________ (fly) kites in the park right now.
4. I _______________(finish) all my exams in the past two days.
5. While I _______________ (cook) dinner last night, the phone suddenly rang.
6. He _________________(live) in Beijing since 2020, and still loves the city.
7. If it _________________ (rain) tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
8. At 8 PM yesterday, they ________________(watch) a movie together.
9. Scientists _______________ (believe) that the universe is constantly expanding.
10. I _________________ (never/try) Japanese sushi before, but I want to taste it someday.