Ⅰ.阅读理解
Scientists think it will be possible to record people’s dreams and then interpret them, according to a new report.
They claim to have developed a system which allows them to record higher level brain activity.
Dr. Moran Cerf told the journal Nature: “We would like to read people’s dreams.”
Previously the only way to access people’s dreams is for psychologists to ask about them after the event and try to interpret them.
Dr. Cerf hopes to eventually compare people’s memories of their dreams with an electronic visualisation（影像） of their brain activity.
He told the BBC: “There’s no clear answer as to why humans dream. And one of the questions we would like to answer is when do we actually create this dream?”
The scientist believes his latest research shows that certain neurons（神经元） or individual brain cells are linked with specific objects or concepts.
He found that a particular neuron lit up when a volunteer thought about Marilyn Monroe.
If a database was built up identifying various neurons with concepts, objects and people it would allow them to “read the subject’s minds”, according to Dr. Cerf.
However, Dr. Roderick Oner, a clinical psychologist and dream expert, said that this kind of visualisation would be of limited help when it came to interpreting the “complex dream narrative”.
In addition to get a detailed picture of individual neurons’ subjects had to have electrodes implanted（植入电极） deep in the brain using surgery.
The Nature researchers used data from patients who had electrodes implanted to monitor and treat them for brain seizures（癫痫）.
However, Dr. Cerf said he hoped that it would be possible at a later stage to monitor people without invasive surgery.
He said it would be “wonderful” to be able to read the minds of coma patients who are unable to communicate.
1.According to the passage, psychologists try to interpret people’s dreams______.
A.by recording higher level brain activity
B.by comparing people’s memories of their dreams with an electronic visualization
C.by linking certain neurons with specific objects or concepts
D.by asking about people after their dreams
2.What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Psychologists try to ask people about their dreams
B. Scientists plan to record people’s dreams
C. Dream experts want to interpret the complex dream narrative
D. The Nature researchers intend to treat patients for brain seizures
3.According to Dr. Cerf’s latest research, when a person thinks about a famous film star,______.
A. a particular neuron will become bright with excitement
B. various neurons will identify the star as famous
C. the star will appear in his brain
D. the star’s face will light up
4.The underlined word “coma” in the last paragraph most probably means_______.
A. the loss of the ability to hear
B. being unable to control one’s movements
C. being unable to move
D. the state of being unconscious
Living near the beach may come with an extra perk （利益）:better health. A new study analyzed information from more than 48 million people in England and found that the nearer they lived to the coast, the more likely people were to report good health within the past year.
Living near the coast may be associated with better health because the seaside environment reduces stress, the researchers said. They pointed to another British study that found that people who took trips to the coast experienced more feelings of calmness and relaxation than those who visited urban parks or the countryside.
The difference from living near the coast was relatively small. “But a small effect, when applied to an entire population, can have a substantial impact on public health,” said study researcher Ben Wheeler of Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry in Exeter, England.
“However, it’s too soon to advise people to hit the beach to improve health,” Wheeler said. The study only found an association, not a cause-effect link, and it’s possible that other factors could explain the results. For instance, it could be that people who are wealthier, and therefore healthier, are more able to move to desired locations such as the coast, Wheeler said, a phenomenon known as the migrant effect. But the study did find that the association between coastal living and better health was strongest for those living in the poorest areas, which perhaps indicates that wealth cannot explain the results, Wheeler said.
Because the study looked at only England—an island country in which everyone lives within 72 miles of the coast—it’s not clear whether the findings would apply to other populations. Far from England, a health expert not involved in the study said that while the British research certainly doesn’t prove that people’s health and the place they live are linked, it’s possible that proximity to the seas does something for our bodies.
If future studies confirm the results, the next step would be to find out it is what coastal environments that can benefit health. Wheeler said it may then be possible to bring those benefits to people living in other areas, through virtual environments, for instance.
5.We can conclude from the passage that .
A.people are encouraged to move to the coast
B.people living near the sea may be healthier
C.people pay increasing attention to health
D.people are worried about residential environment
6.According to the researchers, living near the sea .
A.does’t nearly affect the British population
B.can cure some difficult diseases in a way
C.can help get over one’s stress
D.means freeing from sadness or troubles
7.What Ben Wheeler said means .
A.the British public health is decreasing
B.concrete evidence favors life near the sea
C.wealthier people are likely to be healthier
D.exact reasons are proposed for further research
8.What does the underlined word “proximity” in the passage mean?
A.Being close. B.Being distant.
C.Being similar. D.Being opposite.
Ⅱ.语法填空
Tony and I are good friends. We tried to walk across the United States of America. We’re not exactly sure 1 we were doing it. Part of it was to test ourselves; to see if we could face the challenges. When I was 2 teenager I often daydreamed that I was going to walk across the United States 3 I graduated from high school.4 , I didn’t do that. Before I knew it, I was in my thirties, married, 5 （have） a job, yet still had this idea in my mind with each 6 （pass） year. I figured l was too old and my opportunity had passed. Then, a few years ago, I met Tony, 7 was in his thirties and quit his job as a civil engineer in New York City to walk across the United States. He wasn’t doing it for a cause 8 as part of an organization, He was doing it 9 （simple） because he loved to walk and discover. The idea was back and I no longer had an excuse. We planned on averaging 20 miles a day and taking some days off to rest, so we expected the walk to take about 6 months realizing it could take 10 （long）. We were in no hurry: The total distance would have been about 3,100 miles.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.短文改错
One cold evening during the holiday season, a little boy about six or seven was standing out in the front of a store window. The little child has no shoes and his clothes was just rags. A young woman passes by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She took the child by the hand and led him into the store. There she bought her some new shoes and a complete suit of warmly clothing. They came back outside into the street, so the woman told the child to go home and have a happy holiday. The little boy looked her and asked how she was God. She smiled and replied that she was just one of his child.
Ⅳ.书面表达
最近，某中学就“高三学生要不要参加秋游”为题，在高三学生中作了问卷调查。请你根据下表的调查结果，以 “Opinions on Going Autumn Outing” 为题，对结果做出说明。
60%的学生认为
40%的学生认为
1.赞成
2.接近自然，有利健康
3.放松精神，休息大脑，
有利学习
1.反对
2.高考临近，没有时间和心情玩
3.秋游分散精力
注意：1.文章开头已为你写好。
2.词数100左右。
参考词汇：高考college entrance examination
Opinions on Going Autumn Outing
Recently, a survey about going autumn outing has been conducted among Senior Three students in Lanzhou Jiaotong University Oriental Middle School. Opinions vary on this topic.
答案：
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇导读：根据一项新报告，科学家们认为未来将有可能记录下人类的梦境并加以解释。
1.D细节理解题。根据第四段中“…for psychologists to ask about them after the event and try to interpret them.”得知选D项。
2.B主旨大意题。B项作为本文标题最合适，其余各项太片面。
3.A细节理解题。根据第八段中“a particular neuron lit up when a volunteer thought about Marilyn Monroe（梦露）”，lit up（light up）兴奋起来。
4.D词义猜测题。根据上下文得知，若是能解读那些陷入昏迷状态、无法沟通（无意识状态）的病人的思维，将是“很棒”的事情。
B
语篇导读：文章开篇提出，距离海滩越近的居民的身体越健康。一些研究者认为这有可能是因为海边的环境有助于人们缓解压力。但本·惠勒指出，研究只能表明它们存在着联系，但并非因果关系，很有可能还有其他因素的作用，这还有待进一步的研究。
5.B主旨大意题。文章的整体结构是首先提出观点，居住在海边的居民的身体更健康，接着是对其原因的研究，最后解释有关其确定因素还待进一步的分析。由此可知，文章的中心是开篇的观点，故选B项。
6.C细节理解题。由第二段第1句可知，居住在海滩附近的人身体健康很有可能是因为海滩环境有助于人们缓解压力，故选C项。
7.D细节理解题。由第四段第2句可知，之前的研究只能表明海滩环境和身体健康存在着联系，但并非因果关系，很有可能还有其他因素的作用，这还有待进一步地研究，故选D项。
8.A词义猜测题。由第五段第2句可知，一位健康专家认为，虽然英国的研究没有明确地指出人体的健康和居住的环境存在着联系，但是居住在距海近的地方有可能对我们的身体起着作用，故选A项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
1.why 2.a 3.after 4.However 5.had 6.passing 7 .who 8.or 9.simply 10.longer
Ⅲ.短文改错
One cold evening during the holiday season, a little boy about six or seven was standing out in the front of a store window. The little child has no shoes and his clothes was just rags.
had were
A young woman passes by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She passing
took the child by the hand and led him into the store. There she bought her some new shoes and him
a complete suit of warmly clothing. They came back outside into the street, so the woman
warm and
told the child to go home and have a happy holiday. The little boy looked ∧her and asked
at
how she was God. She smiled and replied that she was just one of his child.
if/whether children
Ⅳ.书面表达
Opinions on Going Autumn Outing
Recently, a survey about going autumn outing has been conducted among Senior Three students in Lanzhou Jiaotong University Oriental Middle School. Opinions vary on this topic.60% of the students are in favor of going autumn outing for Senior Three students. They think that autumn outing can provide them a good opportunity to get close to nature, which is beneficial to their physical health. Besides, this activity will surely help them relax mentally, and their brains can get an appropriate rest. Therefore, going autumn outing will contribute to their studies.
However, the rest 40% hold the opposite opinion. The main reason is that they desperately need time to prepare for the college entrance examination. Facing the pressure, they have no mood for the activity. So they think that going autumn outing will inevitably distract them from their busy exam?preparation.
Both have their own reasons for their opinion and no decision has been reached yet.
课件39张PPT。选修8 Unit 5
Meeting your ancestors 重点单词1._______ n.可能的选择；选择对象adj.供选择的；其他的
2. _______adj.试探性的，不确定的
3. _______ n.精确；准确
→_______adj.精确的；准确的
4. _______vi.打断……讲话；打岔vt.暂时中断或中止
→_________ n.中断；中止
5. _____adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的
6. _______vt.假定；设想
→__________n.假定；设想
7. _________adv.不管；不顾
8. _______vi.& vt.(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰
→_________n.磨具；削具
9. _____adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的
→_______________（近义词）alternative
tentative
accuracy
accurate
interrupt
interruption
acute
assume
assumption
regardless
sharpen
sharpener
ample
abundant,plentiful学生用书见P205 重点单词10.______adj.凌乱的；脏的
11. _______ adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的
12. ______________ n.分析
→_______________vt.分析；分解
13. ________vt＆vi （使……）成熟
14. ________n.种类；类别；范畴
15. __________n.意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
→__________adj.有意义的；重大的
16. ________adv.以……方式；不知怎么地
17. _________adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的
messy
primitive
analysis/analyses
analyse/analyze
ripen
category
significance
significant
somehow
systematic 重点单词18. _____vt.吐出 vi.吐痰
19. _____vt.删，删除
20._________adj.放射性的；有辐射能的
→___________n.放射性
21. _______vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏
22. _______vi.& vt. 加速，促进
23. _____vt.逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留
24. ____adj.眩晕的；昏乱的；使人发昏或困惑的
25. ___adj.快乐的；欢快的
→_____adv.快乐地；轻松地
26._______ adj.有技巧的；熟练的
→_____n.技能；技巧spit
delete
radioactive
radioactivity
applaud
accelerate
arrest
dizzy
gay
gaily
skil(l)ful
skill 重点短语1.___________不管；不顾
3. ________________轮流干某事
4. ______切碎
5. _________受够了；饱受；厌烦
6. _________向前看；为将来打算
7. ________追溯到……regardless of
take turns to do sth.
cut up
fed up with
look ahead
date back1.if only ... 语法结构
If only it could be just like last year! (教材P43)
2.“...had done...when”中when 引导时间状语从句，表示“这时”
She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. (教材P43) 重点句型3.only to do ... 不定式短语在句中作结果状语，强调意想不到的结果
Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. (教材P43) 重点句型1.复习动词时态
2.学习现在完成进行时态
We’ve been excavating here for many years and ....(教材P38)语法要点alternative adj.供选择的；其他的
n.可能的选择；选择对象
Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？(教材P37)
你能想到可供我们今天利用的办法吗？学生用书见P206(1) alternative energy可替代能源
an alternative to...……的替代品
have no alternative/choice but to do sth.别无选择只
好做……
(3) alternatively adv.可供选择地(2) The way was blocked， so I went by an alternative road.
这条路被挡住了，因此我选择了另一条。
Do you have an alternative solution to the problem?
你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？
We had to go on， because there was no (other) alternative.
我们只能继续下去，因为没有其他的选择。
The soldiers have no alternative but to fight till the victory.
战士们没有选择，只有战斗到胜利。interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止
I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？（教材P38）
对不起，打断了你的讲话，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？(1) interrupt sb./sth. with sth.用……打扰/打断
interruption n.［U］ 中断，中止；［C］ 阻碍物，障碍物
without interruption连续地，不断地(2) We interrupt this programme to bring you a news flash.
我们中断节目，报告新闻快讯。
Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm.
市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
It is impolite to interrupt when someone is talking .
在别人讲话时插嘴是不礼貌的。
Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without interruption.
我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧。
assume v．假定；设想；假装；承担
So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.（教材P38）
因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。 assume sb./sth.to be假定/假设某人/某事为
It is assumed that...……被认为
assuming that...假设/假定……
assumption n.假定；假设
make an assumption认为，假定
on the assumption that假定(1)(2) We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.
尚未证实他有罪，我们就得假定他是清白的。
I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it.
我错了，我愿为此承担责任。
We can all leave together assuming (that) the others aren’t late.
我们大家可以一起走——假定其他人不耽搁的话。
A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.
许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
His university was aware of the significance of his work. （教材P40）
他所在的大学知道他工作的重要性。 be of (great) significance有(重大)意义/(非常)重要
be of no significance无意义/不重要
be of little significance不太重要
(2) significant adj.重要的(1) Few people realized the significance of the discovery.
很少有人意识到这一发现的重要性。
It is a matter of great significance.
这是一个非常重要的问题。
A theory, however good it is, is of no significance without being put into practice.
一个理论无论多好，不实行也是毫无意义的。
Their change of plan is strange but I don’t think it’s significant.
他们改变了计划十分奇怪，但我觉得没什么意义。 ?arrest vt.逮捕；吸引
n．逮捕；拘留
She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. （教材P43）
快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。 arrest sb. for 因……而逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
arrest one’s attention 引起注意
under arrest 被捕
make an arrest 进行拘捕(1) (2) The young man got arrested for causing that serious accident.
因造成严重事故，这个年轻人被捕。
They are trying to make a new medicine to arrest the spread of the disease.
他们正试图研制一种新药来控制这种疾病的蔓延。
Her laughter arrested our attention and we all stared at her.
她的笑声吸引了我们的注意，我们都盯着她看。
Fifteen persons were under arrest because of the serious violence.
由于严重的暴乱，十五人被捕。regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. （教材P38）
所以我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。学生用书见P207 as regards 关于;至于
in regard to/of 关于
in this regard 关于此事
with regard to 关于
(2) regarding prep.关于(1) He says what he thinks， regardless of other people’s feelings.
他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的感受。
The law requires equal treatment for all， regardless of race， religion， or sex.
这一法律要求平等对待每一个人，不管种族、宗教信仰或性别。
Regardless of whether he is right or wrong， we have to follow his decisions.
不论他是对还是错，我们必须遵从他的决定。温馨提示：（1）regardless of ... 强调“不认为……重要，从而不加以重视或考虑”，而despite和in spite of 有“尽管……但是”之意。（2）regardless of后可接whether， what引导的从句，而in spite of 和despite 后不可接从句。(be/feel) fed up with 受够了；极厌恶；对……厌倦
I’m fed up with all the attention . (教材P41)
我厌倦了这些关注。feed up with 给某人以充分的或有营养的食物；使对……厌烦 I’m fed up with your insults and complains , I quit !
我受够了你的侮辱和怨气，我不干了！
David was fed up with his job in London so he asked for a transfer to the Paris .
大卫厌烦了在伦敦的工作，所以他请求转到巴黎来。
He is looking rather thin after his illness ; we must feed him up well .
他病后显得很瘦弱，我们必须给他吃些营养食物，使他很好的恢复健康。 if only ... 语法结构
If only it could be just like last year! (教材P43)
要是能跟去年那样有多好呀！学生用书见P207if only用来表达愿望，意为“但愿……，要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气：
(1)if only...could/would+do...表示对将来事情的愿望（不用should）。
(2)if only...did...表示对与目前或现在事实相反的愿望。
(3)if only...had done...表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。 If only you had worked with greater care!
你工作要是再仔细一些该多好啊！
If only he had remembered to buy some fruit!
他当时记得买些水果该多好！Ⅰ.品句填词（用所给词的恰当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词）
1.Unfortunately, he was caught in an accident and he lost his sight. However, his other senses grew (acute).
【答案】1.more acute
2.The next round of talks is (tentative) scheduled to begin on October 21st in Washington.
【答案】2.tentatively
3.They were so delighted with the song that they sang it right through five times in succession, and might (continue) singing it all night if they had not been interrupted.
【答案】 3.have continued
4.At first he insisted on the (accurate) of his account, however, he agreed with what I said.
【答案】 4.accuracy
学生用书见P2085.Having lived here for 12 years, I sincerely love the country and the people. But I wish that (spit) on the street would disappear overnight.
【答案】 5.spitting
6.Right now the new policy in New York (applaud) by civil rights advocates who say it will reduce discrimination against black and Latino youth.
【答案】 6.is being applauded
7.It needs no saying that this meeting is great significance, as it serves as a link between past and present.
【答案】7.of8.Despite the very hot weather in July, conditions in August were temperate with light rainfall, was ideal for the ripening of the grapes.
【答案】 8.which
9.It is a reasonable (assume) that as more plastic is produced and discarded, this will affect oceanic pollution.
【答案】 9.assumption
10.Along with that the process of urbanization _____________(accelerate), the problems in front of suburbs are getting more and more severe.
【答案】10.has been accelerated
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.We shall have no alternative but refer the matter to our lawyer.
【答案】but 后加 to
2.Regardless what you think about him personally, his policies have been shown to be effective.
【答案】Regardless后加 of
3.The carrot should be cut down into small pieces before you put them into the boiling water.
【答案】down→up4.So far the research has not produced anything very great significance.
【答案】anything后加 of
5. The advertisers should make a point of the quality of programs instead of commercial profit, preventing the audience from fed up with the exceeding advertisements.
【答案】 fed前加being/getting
6.Calligraphy is an art dated back to the earliest day of history and widely practiced throughout China.
【答案】dated→dating
7.The climbers succeeded in climbing to the top of the mountains, and they owed their success to the preparations they made.
【答案】made→had made
8. I have being thinking about a topic for the composition, but I haven’t decided yet.
【答案】 being→been
9.When Don paid a brief visit to me yesterday afternoon, I have been writing a film review for hours.
【答案】have→had
10.In the past few years, two subways have been built in Chengdu, with eight more lines to built by the end of 2018.
【答案】 to后加be
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A group of students from England have come to Zhoukoudian for a visit. 1. archaeologist is showing them around. The archaeologists 2. （excavate） here for many years.After finding human and animal bones 3. those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and ornaments, they think 4 reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless 5. the cold. They discovered fireplaces in the center of the caves 6. they constructed fires. Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did indeed wear clothes
7. （make）from animal skins. The archaeologist also shows the students a primitive necklace 8. （preserve） very well. Indeed, as the botanical analysis has been 9. （special） showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was trade between early peoples 10. they traveled to the seaside on their journeys.
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