课件60张PPT。Grammar and usageUnit 1 ★To-infinitive
★bare infinitive
★verb-ing form as a noun. I. To-infinitiveTo see is to believe.
His plan is to spend ten days in the countryside.
I thought it impossible for him to finish the task on time.
We cannot depend on him to help us.
I have a letter to write. He has some clothes to be washed.
You must work hard in order to lead a happy life.
He went out only to find his car missing.
不定式的作用主语表语宾语宾补定语目的状语结果状语1. the to-infinitive used as the subject
不定式作主语
eg.a)To obey laws is everyone's duty
遵纪守法是每个人的职责。
b)To know oneself is difficult.
了解自己是困难的。
c)To see is to believe.
d)When and where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided.
e)When to leave and how to get there
haven’t been made known. a)It is impossible to finish the work in
such a short time.
在如此短的时间内完成这项工作是不
可能的。
b)It is useful for you to learn some
spoken English.
学习一些口语对你来说是有用的。
c)It’s very kind of you to give us so much
help.
你给我们这么多帮助真是太好了 2. the to-infinitive used as the object
不定式作宾语
eg. He managed to solve the problem
by himself.
他自己设法解决了问题。
I like to read newspaper articles
about sports.
我喜欢读一些体育方面的新闻报道。
The following words are usually followed by the to-infinitive as the object: want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, agree, learn, promise, teach, refuse, help, arrange, dare, decide, determine, fail, manage, offer, prepare, pretend,, continue, ask, mean, expect, choose, prefer.“动词 + 疑问词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。
（这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句）。这类动词常见的有：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。
疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which（why 除外），如：
a)I don’t know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there.
b) I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not.
c)We must find out what to do next / where to put it.注① ：如果作宾语的不定式结构有自己的补语，则应使用先行 it，把不定式后置，常见的动词有:make,find,think,consider ,ect. 例如：
a)We thought it wrong not to help her.
我认为不帮她是错误的
b)They found it impossible to get everything ready in time.
他们发现及时准备好一切不可能
c)He made it a rule never to be broken to get up early every day.
他把每天早起作为一个规则注② ：不定式结构一般不可作介词宾语, 只有在个别场合, 即在含有否定意义的带有介词 except 或 but (=except) 的结构中才能这样用，例如：
He will do anything for you except lend you money.
They could do nothing but wait for the doctors to arrive.
I have no choice but to blame myself.
I can’t choose but blame myself.
注意不定式符号的省略问题！ 3.the to-infinitive used as the object complement
不定式作宾语补足语
eg. I'd like you to keep everything tidy.
我希望你能使每样东西都保持整洁。
The teacher asked us to finish the work
today.
老师要我们今天完成工作。
I persuaded him to give up smoking.
我说服他戒了烟动词make, let, have; hear, see, feel, watch, notice ,observe和help后的宾语补足语，可省去"to"。
eg. a)They saw the boy fall suddenly
from the tree.
他们看见那小男孩突然从树上跌下来。
b)The boss made the workers work
14 hours a day.
老板让工人们每天工作14小时。
c)The boys were made to to work 10 hours a day.4.the to-infinitive used as the predicative
不定式作表语
eg. Our plan is to finish the work in two
weeks.
我们的计划是两周内完这项工作。
What I need most now is to have a
good rest.
我现在最需要的是好好休息。
Much remains to be done.
注意: The first thing she did was go up to
her coach to thank him.(省to)5.the to-infinitive used as the attribute
不定式作定语
eg.a) I have a lot of work to do.(主动代被动)
我有许多工作要做。
比较:The boss had no papers to be typed so he dismissed the typist.
b)I have no one to talk to.
我没有一个可以交谈的人。
c)He is looking for a house to live in.
他正在找房子住。
He is looking for a house in which to live.
d)She is always the first to come.1)---The plan___for the trip is very important.
---I see,and he is sure to work it out on time.
A.made B.to be made
C.making D.has been made
2)Does the way you thought of____the water
clean make any sense?
A.making B.to make
C.how to make D.having madeBB 6.the to-infinitive used as adverbial of a sentence to show reason, purpose or result
不定式作句子的原因、目的和结果状语
eg. He came here to attend an important
meeting. (purpose)
他来这儿参加一个重要的会议。（目的）
Sam was very surprised to hear the news.
(reason)
萨姆听得这个消息很吃惊。（原因）
He went home to find his old friend George
waiting for him. (result)
他到家发现他的老朋友乔治在等他。(结果）When we use to-infinitive as the result adverbial, it means the result is unexpected or surprising.
eg. He hurried to the rail station,
only to find the train had left.
比较:He dropped the cup,breaking it into pieces. Every means should be made full____of____the
finals.
A.use,to prepare for B.using,prepare for
C.use,preparing for D.used,being prepared forA不定式结构表示结果更常见于下列句型：
①??? so …as to …
Would you be so kind as to lend me your car?
②??? such (…) as to …
I’m not such a fool as to believe that.
③??? …enough to …
The box isn’t tall enough for it to reach the apple.
④??? too … to …
His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.
注意：下列句子中的不表示结果，也无否定含义：
I’m only too glad to go. (= I’m very glad to go.)
I shall be only too pleased to get home. (= I shall be very pleased to get home.)
〖 only too (adv.) 极; 非常; 太;很 〗
One is never too old to learn.当不定式位于easy,hard,difficult,strange等
形容词之后作状语,用主动代被动
His telephone number is easy to remember.
他的电话号码很好记
That man is hard to deal with.
那个人很难对付7.不定式作独立成分:
to be frank 坦白的说
to be (more)exact (更)确切地说
to begine with 首先
to make a long story short 长话短说
strange to say 说来也怪
to be sure 当然
not to say.. 更别说
to tell the truth 说实话8.不定式的时态和语态及否定式:
一般式:(not)to do
(not)to be done(被动)
(not)to be doing(进行)
完成式:(not)to have done
(not)to have been done(被动)
不定式的进行式:
When the teacher came in, the
students pretended to be reading
loudly.
当老师进来时，同学们假装正在大声
读书。不定式的完成式:
1.表示不定式动作发生在句子谓语之前
She seemed to have heard of it already.
她似乎已经听说过这件事了。
2.与表示愿望的词(expect,intend,wish,plan
want,mean)及would like/love连用,表示过
去没有实现的愿望.
He intended to have written the article
this morning,but he was too busy.
他本打算今天早晨写这文章,可他太忙了.
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVER She pretended _________ me when I
passed by.
A. not to see B. not seeing
C. to not see D. having not seen
---- I usually go there by train.
---- Why not _______ by boat for a
change?
A. to try going B. trying to go
C. to try and go D. try going
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVERI went to see him, ________ him out.
A. finding B. find
C. only to find D. found
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVERAre you going to attend the meeting ________ next Saturday?
A. holding B. hold
C. will be held D. to be held
Charles Babbage is generally considered _________ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing
C. to have invented D. having invented
不定式to后面动词的省略:
hope,wish,like,decide,forget,have to ,want等动词后,
为了避免重复
a)Ms King lied to us because she had to.
在afraid,anxious,able,able,eager,glad,willing等形容
词后
b)---I’ll be away for business.Would you mind looking
after my dog?
---Not at all.I’d be glad to.
在ask,tell,expect,force,beg等后的宾语补足语
c)He didn’t come,though we had invited him to.
注意:完成式中have的和一般式中be的不省
d)He hasn’t finished his work,but he ought to have.
e)---Aren’t you the headmaster?
----No,and I don’t want to be.II. Bare infinitive
bare infinitive after let, make and have
eg. a)I shall let you use my computer.
我会让你用我的电脑的。
b)The teacher had her students finish
the work within 5 minutes.
老师让她的学生们5分钟之内完成作业。当"make/ let/ have + bare infinitive" 变成被动语态时，应加上"to"。
eg. The workers were made to work 14 hours a day by the boss.
工人们被迫每天工作14个小时。bare infinitive after verbs of perception like feel, hear, see, watch, observe and notice感官动词
(强调全过程)
eg.a) I often hear him sing in the next room.
我经常听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。
b)He stood there and watched the
passengers go by.
他站在那儿看着行人来来往往。
c)Did you notice anyone enter the house？
你注意到有人进那间屋子吗？1.I often see him ______(play )football on the playground.
2.He is often heard_______(sing )the song in English.
3.He was the last seen_______ (play) on the river bank.
4.If a cook is found ________(smoke) in the kitchen,he’ll be fired at once.
5.The old man was seen________(knock) down by a car.
6.I felt my heart_______(beat)fast with fear.playto singplayingsmokingknockedbeatingbare infinitive after some phrases or patterns like would rather, had better and why not
eg. I'd rather stay at home.
我宁愿呆在家里。
You'd better not be late.
你最好别迟到。
Why not go to the beach?
为什么不到海边走走？ We use the bare infinitive for the second infinitive when two infinitives are joined by and, or, except, but, than, rather than, as or like.
eg. I forgot to turn off the lights and close
the door when I left.
我离开的时候忘记关灯、关门了。
We decided to stay at home rather than
go to the cinema.
我们决定呆在家里，不去电影院了。
I don’t know whether to go or to stay.(对比)
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVERWe were told to have our reading room _________ after school.
A. clean B. to clean
C. cleaning D. cleaned
Paul doesn't have to be made _______ . He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn
C. learned D. learning
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVERJane was made ________ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash B. washing
C. wash D. to be washingIII. Verb-ing form as a nounVerb-ing form used as the subject of a sentence
eg. Laying eggs is the ant queen's
full-time job.
产卵是蚁后的专职工作。
It is no use arguing with him.
与他争辩没用。
Her swimming has improved since she
started training every day.
自从她开始训练以后，她的游泳进步的很快
Verb-ing form used as the object of a sentence
eg. He admitted hiding the painting.
他承认藏了油画
Try the following tips to help you avoid
being attacked by sharks.
尝试以下建议以帮你避免被鲨鱼袭击.
Can you imagine Tom flying in the sky?
你能现象Tom在空中飞吗?
We had to delay sending the medcine.
我们被迫延迟送药.
★??? 能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类：
一类是只能用动名词作宾语的动词，其中有：avoid, admit, consider, delay, advise, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, give up, can’t help, imagine, keep (on), don’t mind, miss, practise, put off, stop, go on, resist, suggest allow,permit等，如：
Mary is considering changing her job.
I enjoy working with you.
Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?
另一类是既可以用动名词，又可以用不定式作宾语的动词，其中有：begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, plan, prefer, propose,, start, 等。 The following phrases are followed by the verb-ing form:
would you mind, can't help,
look forward to, feel like,
can't stand, it's no use/ good...,
put off, keep on,
give up, devote to,
stick to, be busy,
be worth, get down to
make contrbutions to,be worth…Some verbs can be followed by a verb-ing form or a to-infinitive, but with some differences
in meaning or usage .regret to do: 抱歉要做某事
regret doing: 后悔做了某事
eg. I regret to tell you that you
are fired.
我抱歉地告诉你你被解雇了。
I regret telling him the truth.
我后悔告诉他真相。forget to do: 忘记去做某事
forget doing: 忘记做了某事
eg. He forgot to close the door
when he left.
他离开时忘了关门了。
I will never forget winning my
first gold medal.
我永远忘不了我第一次获得金牌
的情况。remember to do: 记得要做某事
remember doing: 记得曾经做过的事
eg. Remember to post the letter for
me on your way to work, OK?
在你上班的路上记得帮我把信寄了，
好吗？
I remember seeing this man
somewhere.
我记得在哪儿见过这个人。mean to do: 打算做某事
mean doing: 意味着做某事
eg. I mean to come earlier today.
我今天打算早点来。
Missing the train means waiting
for another hour.
错过这列火车意味着又要等一个
小时。try to do: 努力做某事
try doing：尝试做某事
eg. She tried to finish the work as
quickly as she can.
她努力地要尽快完成这项工作。
I tried doing the exercise in a
different way.
我试着用一种不同的方法做这练习stop to do:停下来做某事
stop dong: 停止做某事
eg. The workers stopped to have
a rest.
工人们停下来休息。
The workers stopped working
and have a rest.
工人们停止了手中的活，休息一下。
go on to do: 继续做另一件事
go on doing: 继续做同一件事
eg, After doing the cooking, mother went on to do some washing.
饭做好后，妈妈又继续洗衣服了。
The workers went on working after a short rest.
短暂的休息后，工人们又开始干活了。be worth doing=be worthy to be done
a)He isn’t worth forgiving.
他不值得原谅
need/require/want doing =…to be done
b)The house needs cleaning.
这个房子需要打扫了Verb-ing form used as the predicate of a sentence
eg. Her job is teaching.
她的工作是教学。
Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。Verb-ing form used as the attribute of a sentence
eg. There is a shoe in the swimming pool.
游泳池内有一只鞋。
He is in the reading room.
他在阅览室里。
动名词的复合结构 动名词的复合结构就是前面带有代词或名词的动名词结构。
1 )主语有生命的名词时:
They didn’t mind Jack/Jack’s/his/him coming late.
作宾语:名/代词所有格/代词宾格
Tom’s/His coming is what we expected.
作主语:名/代词所有格
2)主语为无生命的名词时:
Is there any hope of our team winning the match?
用名词普通格
3)主语为指示/不定代词(this,those,someone,anyone)
He was disturbed by someone shouting outside. 用普通格
动名词的完成形式与被动形式 动名词的一般形式通常表示一般性动作（即不是明确地在过去、现在或将来发生的动作）或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作，如：
They are all interested in climbing mountains.
① 如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，通常用动名词的完成形式，如：
He didn’t mention having met me.
I’m sorry for having kept you waiting so long.
I regret not having taken her advice.
I don’t remember having ever promised you that.② 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式，如：
He did it without being asked.
They insisted on their being treated as ordinary workers.
He didn’t mind being left at home.
They couldn’t stand being treated like that.
注：如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生，有时需要用动名词的完成被动形式，如：
I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVER Go on ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.
A. to do B. doing
C. with D. to be doing
She didn't remember________ him before.
A. having met B. have met
C. to meet D. to having met
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVER I can hardly imagine Peter____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail B. to sail
C. sailing D. to have sailed
----- You were brave enough to raise
objections at the meeting.
----- Well, now I regret _____ that.
A. to do B. to be doing
C. to have done D. having done
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVER翻译下列句子。
（1） 要学好一门外语是不容易的。
It's not easy to learn a foreign language well.
（2）我们拒绝他们的邀请会显得无礼。
It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation
（3）女士们，先生们，我有一些重要的事情要告诉你们。
Ladies and gentlemen, I have something
important to tell you.
Test yourselfTHINK IT OVER
(4)母亲轻轻地走了进来，以免惊醒儿子。
Mother came in quietly so as not to
wake the sleeping boy
（5）我叫小李给你修收音机。
I'll have Xiao Li repair the radio for youBye - bye!Bye - bye!
Period 4 Grammar
一．【设计思想】
采用直观的方式演示不易理解的概念,锻炼学生用英语直接思维,交际和解决问题的能力
二．【教学目标】
1. 知识目标 掌握非谓语动词的用法
三．【教学重难点】
非谓语动词考点分析
【课堂导入】
一： 不定式
1. 不定式作主语
1）谓语动词用单数
a)To obey laws is everyone's duty
2）it is +adj+of/for sb to do sth.
a)It is impossible to finish the work in such a short time.
2. 不定式作宾语,
1) 常考动词afford,agree,decide,fail,hope,manage, pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish， determine，choose, prefer
eg. He managed to solve the problem by himself
2）注意 it形式宾语，把不定式后置，常见的动词有:make,find,think,consider ,
a)He made it a rule never to be broken to get up early every day.
3) “动词 + 疑问词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。
（这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句）。这类动词常见的有：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。 疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which（why 除外），如：
a)I don’t know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there.
4) except 或 but 后面的不定式
a) He will do anything for you except lend you money.
b) They could do nothing but wait for the doctors to arrive.
c) I have no choice but to blame myself.
3.不定式作宾语补足语
1)advise,allow,encourage,forbid,force,wish,persuade,
a)The teacher asked us to finish the work today.
2) 动词make, let, have; hear, see, feel, watch, notice ,observe和help后的宾语补足语，可省去"to"。
eg. a)They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree.
4.不定式作表语
eg. Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.
注意: The first thing she did was go up to her coach to thank him.(省to)
5.不定式作定语
1) 表将来
eg.a) I have a lot of work to do.(主动代被动)
2) 注意介词的省略
a)I have no one to talk to.
b)He is looking for a house to live in.
3）主动与被动
a)I have a letter to type
b)San asked her boss: “ Do you have a letter to be typed?”
4) 序数词后面
He is the first one to come here.
6.不定式作句子目的和结果状语
a) He came here to attend an important meeting.
b) He went home to find his old friend George waiting for him.
7. 不定式的时态和语态及否定式:
一般式: (not)to do
(not)to be done(被动)
(not)to be doing(进行)
完成式: (not)to have done
(not)to have been done(被动)
(not)to have been doing
1) 比较下列句子
a)He is said to study abroad next week.
b)He is said to be studying abroad .
c)He is said to have studied abroad a few years ago.
d)He is said to have been studying abroad, but I don’t know which country he is studying in.
2）与表示愿望的词(expect,intend,wish,Plan，want,mean)及would like/love连用,
表示过去没有实现的愿望.
He intended to have written the article this morning,but he was too busy.
他本打算今天早晨写这文章,可他太忙了.
8.. 不定式to后面动词的省略:
1)hope,wish,like,decide,forget,have to ,want等动词后,为了避免重复
a)Ms King lied to us because because she had to.
2)在afraid,anxious,able,able,eager,glad,willing等形容词后
b)---I’ll be away for business.would you mind looking
after my dog?
---Not at all.I’d be glad to.
3) ask,tell,expect,force,beg后的宾语补足语
c)He didn’t come,though we had invited him to.
4) 注意:完成式中have的和一般式中be的不省
d)He hasn’t finished his work,but he ought to have.
e)---Aren’t you the headmaster?
----No,and I don’t want to be.
二． Ing 结构表示动名词
1 主语
1）谓语动词单数
2）it is/was no use/good
of little use/good +doing sth
useless
eg. a) Laying eggs is the ant queen's full-time job.
b) It is no use arguing with him.
2 作宾语
1）只能用动名词作宾语的动词，avoid, admit, consider, delay, advise, , enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, give up, can’t help, imagine, keep (on), don’t mind, miss, practise, put off, stop, go on, resist, suggest allow, permit等，如：
Mary is considering changing her job.
2) 只能接动名词的词组
would you mind, look forward to, feel like, can't stand,
put off, keep on, give up, devote to,
stick to, be busy, be worth, get down to
make contributions to, be worth…
3）有的动词即可接 to do /doing 意思不变
begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, plan, prefer, propose,, start, 等
4）有的动词即可接 to do /doing 意思变化
regret /forget/mean/remember/go on/can’t help /try/stop
5) be worth doing=be worthy to be done
need/require/want doing =…to be done
a)He isn’t worth forgiving.
b)The house needs cleaning.
3 表语
eg. Her job is teaching.
。
4 定语 事物的用途
eg. There is a shoe in the swimming pool.
游泳池内有一只鞋。
5 动名词的复合结构
1) 作主语:
名/代词所有格
John’s leaving home upset everyone
2.) 作宾语
名/代词所有格/代词宾格
Would you mind my/me opening the window?
He insisted on her son/her son’s going on to college.
6 动名词的完成形式与被动形式
doing being done
having done having been done
1) 如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，通常用动名词的完成形式，如：
He didn’t mention having met me.
I’m sorry for having kept you waiting so long.
I regret not having taken her advice.
2) 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式，如：
He did it without being asked.
They insisted on their being treated as ordinary workers.
He didn’t mind being left at home.
They couldn’t stand being treated like that.
3) 如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生，有时需要用动名词的完成被动形式，如：
I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.
Would you mind my/me opening the window?
He insisted on her son/her son’s going on to college.
三 现在分词与过去分词
1 作定语
现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主动关系
boiling water
falling snow
the bridge being built
过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是被动关系或动作已完成
a destroyed house
a sport loved by many people
1）与动名词作定语的区别
动名词作定语表名词的作用或功能，现在分词作定语表名词正在进行的动作。
现在分词 动名词
a sleeping child一个正在睡觉的孩子 a sleeping car一辆卧车
a flying bird一只正在飞翔的鸟 a flying course飞行课程
a swimming girl一个正在游泳的女孩 a swimming pool一个游泳池
the running water自来水 the running track跑道
2）与定语从句的相互替换
The woman who is coming to dinner this evening works in the bank.
=The woman coming to dinner this evening works in the bank
The firemen were trying to rescue the people who were trapped in the fire
=The firemen were trying to rescue the people who were trapped in the fire
2 作表语
与过去分词作表语的区别
凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。
3.作补语
find,see,look at,notice,observe…；leave,have,make,get …doing /done;want ,would like…(to be) done;catch …doing
现在分词与宾语之间表主动
过去分词与宾语之间表被动
1)Can you get the machine going again?
Can you get the work done on time?
2）The boys were seen walking on the grass.
The boy was seen beaten by his father
4.作状语
1)分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语保持一致的情况下，
如果分词和句子的主语之间在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词，
如果分词和句子的主语之间在逻辑上是主动关系用现在分词
2） 主动 doing
having done （先于谓词）
被动 done
being done （与谓语动词同时）
having been done （先于谓语 )
主动
a) Walking in the street, I came across an old friend
b) Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(04北京)
c) The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.(05全国 I)
被动
a)When first introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.（04全国II）
b)Being beaten by his father, the boy cried loudly.
c)Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistakes
3) 悬垂结构
Generally speaking frankly speaking Judging from/by considering
taking…into consideration to tell you the truth seeing(考虑到)
Supposing(即使) providing(如果) provided that(如果)
Compared to/with saving(除了) given(如果)
4) 分词作状语，可以表时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状语等。
a)Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.
When/if seen from space, the earth looks blue
=When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue
5) 分词独立主格结构
主语+分词
The young man rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.
The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off
6 分词作状语与并列句的区分
Ex1) ________ or you will be late.
A. Getting up earlier
B. Got up earlier
C. To get up earlier
D. Get up earlier
Ex2) ________, he was late.
A. Getting up earlier
B. Not getting up earlier
C. Get up earlier
D. To get up earlier
分词作状语时，注意如下几点：
1.相当于相应的从句,不可与主句间用并列连词and,or,but等连接
2.分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致
3.插入语现象(generally speaking;judging from…)
4.独立主格结构
5.现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态
6.非谓语动词的否定式均为not+非谓语动词
7.否定式:not+分词
8.连词+分词现象(when,while,once,even if/though,though,as if)
*******to do/ing/ed 考点分析
1作宾补
1） see/watch/observe/look at/ hear+ do/doing/done
2） make/let/get/have+do/doing/done
3） leave/keep +to do/doing/done
2 作定语
The meeting to be held tomorrow
being held now
held yesterday
3 作表语
to do/ doing/ done
4 作状语
to do /doing/done
5. 考虑建议盼原谅；承认推迟没得想；避免错过继续练；否定完成就欣赏
禁止想象才冒险；不禁介意准逃亡
五．【板书设计】
六．【家庭作业】
1. 复习本节课的内容，熟记非谓语动词的基本概念及用法。
2. 教师根据教辅资料自行安排家庭作业（可适当安排定语从句的练习，资源包的练习可参考）
