人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND 综合微评（四）课件（共71张）
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| 名称 | 人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND 综合微评（四）课件（共71张） |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-11-10 00:00:00 | ||
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(共71张PPT)
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
综合微评（四）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you enjoy eating Thai food in restaurants and at street-side stalls， go one step further and learn how to make it in this fun cooking class. You’ll start with a market visit， so you can pick the best ingredients and learn what you need to prepare the best food. Then， get to work in preparing your own multi-dish feast， with the help of your instructor. You’ll learn tips and tricks that you can replicate（复制） later at home.
Highlights of the class
See how Thai shops by visiting a local market first.
All equipment， ingredients， and refreshments（茶点） are included.
Receive printed recipes so you can make these dishes again later.
What to expect
Enjoy hands-on experience of the small-group Thai cooking class. Visit the nearby local market to get some fresh ingredients. Learn how to prepare and cook traditional Thai food with our charming local Thai instructor.
Additional information
Minimum age is 13 years old.
This tour/activity will have a maximum of 7 travelers.
Not recommended for participants with back/legs problems.
Please be advised that menu is decided by the instructor prior to the date of travel.
If capacity is full or limited staff， unannounced extra persons may be asked to leave.
Please wear closed-toe/heel shoes that you don’t mind getting dirty. The market is a little bit wet and muddy.
When making your booking， please inform us of any dietary requirements， such as vegetarian（素食者）.
Arriving an hour late results in a no-show （失约） and the participant will not be able to participate in the rest of the class.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是一个学习如何制作泰国菜的有趣 的课程。
1. What will learners do first for the class？
A. Visit a local market.
B. Make a feast.
C. Print recipes.
D. Buy equipment.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Highlights of the class部分中的“See how Thai shops by visiting a local market first.（先去当地的市场看看泰国人是如何购物 的。）”可知，该课程的亮点是先去看看泰国人如何购物的，也就是参观一下 当地的市场。故选A项。
2. How do the participants learn to cook Thai food？
A. By observing Thai shops.
B. By trying dishes frequently.
C. By getting actively involved.
D. By cooperating with classmates.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据What to expect部分中的“Enjoy hands-on experience of the small-group Thai cooking class.（享受小团体泰国烹饪课的亲身体验。）”可知，该课 程是亲身体验泰国烹饪课，由此可知，参与者是能够积极参与其中学习做泰国菜的。 故选C项。
3. What if a participant arrives an hour late？
A. He/She has to report it in advance.
B. He/She will be asked to explain at once.
C. He/She has to make up for the lost time.
D. He/She will be disqualified from the class.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Additional information部分中的“Arriving an hour late results in a no-show（失约） and the participant will not be able to participate in the rest of the class.（迟到一小时将导致缺席，参与者将无法参加剩余的课程。）”可知，如果迟 到一小时，参与者将无法参加剩余的课程，由此可知，迟到一小时将被取消上课资 格。故选D项。
B
I was 6 years old when my father told me we were leaving the Big Apple Circus （马 戏团）. Until that point， I had spent most of my life on the circus lot， playing with the other circus kids. The circus， by its nature， is one that has a loose structure. So the early years after my leaving the circus to sit in a classroom all day felt more like a prison.
But years later， I found areas that interested me. I took the skills I had learned from being onstage and applied them to broadcasting. And so when Boston’s news station WBUR offered me a job out of college， I jumped at the chance. Along the way， I found I really enjoyed the work. I became WBUR’s news reporter. The flexibility and adaptability I’d learned in the circus as a child helped me do my job naturally and easily in a stressful situation—whether it was a destructive tornado outside Boston， or the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013.
But then a serious infectious disease appeared. Suddenly， for the first time in my adult life， I went for a year without doing any shows. But it became clear to me that performing was what I truly wanted. For me， the circus symbolizes who I am. And stages have always been where I’ve felt the most free. Some people get nervous before they go onstage， but by assuming（扮演） the character of Jacques ze Whipper and drawing a stupid moustache on my face， all my social anxiety disappears.
Circus performances go beyond age， socioeconomic status（地位）， and even language. It’s the type of performance where you can go anywhere in the world to entertain anyone—help anyone forget their troubles for 5， 10， and even 30 minutes. And most importantly， for me， it means coming home.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者离开马戏团后的人生经历，以 及作者如何将马戏团的经验应用于广播行业，并成为新闻记者，但马戏还是萦绕在作 者心头。
4. How did the author feel in the early years of school？
A. Curious. B. Unfree.
C. Loose. D. Impatient.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“So the early years after my leaving the circus to sit in a classroom all day felt more like a prison.（所以我离开马戏团后的最初几年， 整天坐在教室里，感觉更像是在监狱里。）”可知，作者离开马戏团后的最初几年， 整天坐在教室里感觉像是在监狱里，也就是感到不自由。故选B。
5. What do we know about the author’s job at WBUR？
A. He did it for his father.
B. He did it against his will.
C. He risked his neck doing it.
D. He took to it like a duck to water.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“And so when Boston’s news station WBUR offered me a job out of college， I jumped at the chance. Along the way， I found I really enjoyed the work. I became WBUR’s news reporter. The flexibility and adaptability I’d learned in the circus as a child helped me do my job naturally and easily in a stressful situation—whether it was a destructive tornado outside Boston， or the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013.（因此，当波士顿的新闻电台WBUR给我一份大学毕业后的工作 时，我欣然接受了这个机会。一路走来，我发现我真的很喜欢这份工作。我成了 WBUR的新闻记者。我小时候在马戏团学到的灵活性和适应能力帮助我在紧张的情况 下自然而轻松地完成工作——无论是波士顿郊外的破坏性龙卷风，还是2013年波士顿 马拉松爆炸事件。）”可知，作者在WBUR工作时，能够在紧张的情况下自然而轻松 地完成工作，由此可知，这份工作对作者而言如鱼得水，非常轻松。故选D。
6. What does the circus probably mean to the author？
A. A means of living.
B. A chance to go anywhere.
C. A part of his identity.
D. A way to forget his troubles.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“For me， the circus symbolizes who I am. （对我来说，马戏象征着我是谁。）”以及最后一段中的“And most importantly， for me， it means coming home.（最重要的是，对我来说，这意味着回家。）”可 知，对于作者而言，马戏已经是他身份的一部分，象征着作者的身份。故选C。
7. Why does the author write the text？
A. To express his love for circus performances.
B. To stress the value of performing.
C. To share his personal experiences in a circus.
D. To discuss the problem of choosing a job.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“But it became clear to me that performing was what I truly wanted. For me， the circus symbolizes who I am. And stages have always been where I’ve felt the most free. Some people get nervous before they go onstage， but by assuming（扮演） the character of Jacques ze Whipper and drawing a stupid moustache on my face， all my social anxiety disappears.（但我渐渐明白，表演才 是我真正想要的。对我来说，马戏团象征着我是谁。舞台一直是我感觉最自由的地 方。有些人上台前会紧张，但只要假设自己是 Jacques ze Whipper这个角色，再在脸 上画上愚蠢的小胡子，我所有的社交焦虑就消失了。）”以及全文内容可知，文章主 要表达了作者对马戏的热爱。故选A。
C
A growing number of psychologists are getting out the message that anxiety has a positive role to play in our lives. Tracy Dennis-Tiwary， who recently published Future Tense： Why Anxiety Is Good for You （Even Though It Feels Bad）， thinks our culture goes too far in demonizing（妖魔化） the difficult emotion.
Psychologist Todd Kashdan， director of the Well-Being Lab at George Mason University in Virginia， is a critic of what he calls happyology. We don’t always have to be smiling and calm， or worry there’s something wrong with us. Sometimes， he says， worry itself is what is right. Fear of heights？ Good， because you’re not going to be the person who falls off a cliff while taking a selfie.
These experts wonder if the natural role that anxiety plays in our lives is somehow being forgotten. For example， the World Health Organization （WHO） announced in March 2022 that the prevalence of anxiety had increased globally by 25％ over the previous year. The WHO called the finding “a wake-up call to all countries to step up mental health services and support”. Do we know for certain that this data represents a public health crisis？ Or could it mean that millions of folks are quite rightly feeling uncertain， stressed out and afraid？
We can experience healthy， often completely valid periods of anxiety without being categorized as mentally ill， according to behavioral psychologists. Anxiety is an adaptive strategy in human evolution. It helps us to prepare for the uncertain future. Anxiety helps us solve unknowns by planning and imagining， by plotting out possible ways.
According to Alice Boyes， who has a PhD in clinical psychology， coping with anxiety by avoiding them just reinforces your insecurity， because you’re not getting better at solving the problem. “Over time， you will feel less and less capable，” she warns.
The key is to manage anxiety before it overtakes us， like tending a garden so the weeds don’t spread. How do you do that？ Solutions include meditation， exercise， compassionate connection such as volunteering， access to nature and mentally reframing what we’re experiencing.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了焦虑在我们的生活中的好处。
8. Which statement is Kashdan’s opinion？
A. Fear may prevent you from taking dangerous actions.
B. Happyology is quite popular among the young nowadays.
C. Being smiling can stop us from worrying something wrong.
D. Difficult emotions such as anxiety should not be demonized.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Psychologist Todd Kashdan， director of the Well-Being Lab at George Mason University in Virginia， is a critic of what he calls happyology. We don’t always have to be smiling and calm， or worry there’s something wrong with us. Sometimes， he says， worry itself is what is right. Fear of heights？ Good， because you’re not going to be the person who falls off a cliff while taking a selfie. （弗吉尼亚州乔治梅森大学幸福实验室主任、心理学家托德·卡什丹是他所谓的幸福 学的批评者。我们不必总是面带微笑，保持冷静，或者担心自己有什么问题。他说， 有时候，担心本身就是对的。恐高？很好，因为你不会是那个自拍时从悬崖上摔下来 的人。）”可知，卡什丹的观点是恐惧可能会阻止你采取危险的行动。故选A。
9. What is the author’s attitude towards WHO’s announcement？
A. Unclear. B. Disapproving.
C. Objective. D. Positive.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“For example， the World Health Organization （WHO） announced in March 2022 that the prevalence of anxiety had increased globally by 25％ over the previous year. The WHO called the finding ‘a wake- up call to all countries to step up mental health services and support’.（例如，世界卫生组 织在2022年3月宣布，全球焦虑症的患病率比前一年增加了25％。世界卫生组织称这 一发现“为所有国家加强精神卫生服务和支持敲响了警钟”。）”和第四段“We can experience healthy， often completely valid periods of anxiety without being categorized as mentally ill， according to behavioral psychologists. Anxiety is an adaptive strategy in human evolution. It helps us to prepare for the uncertain future.Anxiety helps us solve unknowns by planning and imagining， by plotting out possible ways. （根据行为心理学家的说法，我们可以经历健康的、通常完全有效的焦虑期，而不会被归类为精神疾病。焦虑是人类进化过程中的一种适应性策略。它帮助我们为不确定的未来做好准备。焦虑帮助我们通过计划和想象，通过规划出可能的方法来解决未知的问题。）”可知，作者对世界卫生组织的声明是不赞成的。故选B。
10. What does the underlined word “reinforces” in Paragraph 5 mean？
A. Resists. B. Increases.
C. Adjusts. D. Reveals.
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第五段中的“Over time， you will feel less and less capable （随着时间的推移，你会觉得自己越来越无能）”和画线词后的your insecurity可知，作者想表达使不安全感增加。A. Resists抗拒；B. Increases增加；C. Adjusts调整；D. Reveals揭示。故选B。
11. What is the best title of the text？
A. The upside of anxiety.
B. The key to managing anxiety.
C. The origin of difficult emotions.
D. The right attitude to negative emotions.
答案：A
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中的“A growing number of psychologists are getting out the message that anxiety has a positive role to play in our lives.（越来越多的心理学家发出这样的信息：焦虑在我们的生活中扮演着积极的角 色。）”可知，文章主要介绍了焦虑在我们的生活中的好处。故选A。
D
Have you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages？ The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why， but it is just pleasant to us.
Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to document， understand or reproduce the scent of slowly decaying books. Now， that task may have just gotten easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel.
In one experiment， researchers asked visitors at the historic library to characterize the scents they smelled. All the visitors selected words like “woody” “smoky” and “earthy” from the list， and described the smell’s intensity and perceived pleasantness. In another experiment， the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells—one of which was an unlabeled historic book scent and seven were non- bookish， such as coffee， chocolate， fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses？ Chocolate and coffee. “You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled，” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.
The team even analyzed the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions， the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the “historic library smell”. Main categories， such as “sweet/spicy”， fill the inner circle of the wheel； descriptors， such as “chocolate/cream”， fill the middle； and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source， like furfural， fill the outer circle. The researchers want the Historic Book Odor Wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to identify smells and the compounds causing them， which could address conservators’ concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully， smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于记录旧书气味的“气味轮”的 诞生。研究人员通过在博物馆和图书馆组织游客进行气味感官描述，并开展化学分 析，创建了历史书籍气味轮来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。
12. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？
A. Addiction to reading books.
B. Fascination for smells of books.
C. An odd reading habit.
D. A dislike for smelling books.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages？ The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why， but it is just pleasant to us.（你是否曾 经有过一种冲动，想打开一本书，把鼻子直接贴在书页上？旧书的味道能使任 何书迷精神焕发。我们不知道为什么，但它就是让我们愉快。）”可知，第一 段描述了我们对书籍气味的迷恋。故选B。
13. How do people usually describe unlabeled smells？
A. By referring to familiar items.
B. By using adjectives to label them.
C. By linking them with food smells.
D. By analyzing chemical components.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“‘You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled，’ study author Cecilia Bembibre says.（“描述 没有标签的气味时，你倾向于使用熟悉的联想来描述它们，”研究作者Cecilia Bembibre说。）”及第三段全段对于实验过程的描述可知，人们在描述未知气味时， 倾向于使用熟悉的事物来展开联想。故选A。
14. What is the function of the “Historic Book Odor Wheel”？
A. To store book smells.
B. To characterize smells.
C. To collect history books.
D. To test different scents.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions， the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the ‘historic library smell’. Main categories， such as ‘sweet/spicy’， fill the inner circle of the wheel； descriptors， such as ‘chocolate/cream’， fill the middle； and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source， like furfural， fill the outer circle.（利用来自化学分析和游客气味描述的数据，研究人员创建了“历史图书气味 轮”来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。主要类别，如“甜/辣”，填满了轮子的内圆； 描述词，如“巧克力/奶油”，填满了中间；而可能是气味来源的化合物，如糠醛， 则填满了外层。）”可知，“历史图书气味轮”的功能应是描述气味。故选B。
15. What is the potential future application of the study？
A. Creating a whole new scent.
B. Sharpening sensory perceptions.
C. Restoring smells of historic documents.
D. Extracting components of “old book smell”.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers want the Historic Book Odor Wheel to be a tool that ‘untrained noses’ can use to identify smells and the compounds causing them， which could address conservators’ concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully， smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell. （研究人员希望“历史图书气味轮”能成为一种工具，“未经训练的鼻子”可 以用来识别气味和引起气味的化合物，这可以解决文物保护人员对材料组成和历史文 献保护的担忧。希望有一天，过去的气味可以在实验室里重现，博物馆和历史学家可 以用它来重建我们再也闻不到的过去。）”可知，研究者们未来有望利用气味轮来保 护历史材料文献，重现过去的气味。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
Signs of an Eating Disorder
A. Yet many others are often hidden in plain sight.
B. This also might come with noticeable weight loss or gain.
C. They are constantly turning down food-centric social gathering.
D. Mood changes associated with eating may also be a danger signal.
E. The discussion around changing eating habits is incredibly common.
F. It should be away from the normal routine and outside of a mealtime.
G. Eating disorders are a group of conditions marked by an unhealthy relationship with food.
About 30 million Americans live with an eating disorder. Some symptoms of an eating disorder may be more visible to the eyes. 16 It’s important to know the symptoms in those who might be at risk of an eating disorder.
Firstly， they are constantly talking about dieting. 17 Look at any lifestyle magazine or website， and you will likely find dieting tips and advice. However， being trapped in that discussion is a different story. If someone you love is constantly talking about food or their dieting habits， it might be a sign of concern.
Secondly， their fitness or eating habits are constantly out of the ordinary. Changes in mood or behaviors surrounding food or exercise can be signs of concern. This could mean a switch in activity level like over-exercising， too often counting calories， frequently visiting the bathroom after eating， fasting（禁食） or eating too much. 18 .
Thirdly， avoiding interactions such as birthday parties or going out to dinner with friends is a significant danger signal. People living with the condition have an intense focus on food or body image. 19 They will keep away from situations—likely ones that once brought them joy—where that determination might be tested.
The best way to support someone who may be experiencing an eating disorder is by talking with them， but when and how you do it matters. 20 Approach them with love and compassion（同情）， and let them know that you care about them and that you notice there is something they may be struggling with.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了饮食失调的迹象。
解析：根据上文“Some symptoms of an eating disorder may be more visible to the eyes.”和下文“It’s important to know the symptoms in those who might be at risk of an eating disorder.”可知，空处承上启下，正是因为有一些饮食失调的症状眼睛看不出 来，人们去了解饮食失调的症状才显得尤为重要，而且空处和上文形成转折关系。A 项符合语境。故选A项。
解析：根据段落主题句“Firstly， they are constantly talking about dieting.”可知，本 段内容和关于节食的讨论有关，空处和上文形成解释说明的关系。E项中的“The discussion”和上文的talking about相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。
答案：A
答案：E
解析：根据上文“This could mean a switch in activity level like over-exercising， too often counting calories， frequently visiting the bathroom after eating， fasting（禁食） or eating too much.”可知，空处应进一步补充说明上文生活上的转变带来的不良后果， B项符合语境。故选B项。
解析：根据段落主题句“Thirdly，avoiding interactions such as birthday parties or going out to dinner with friends is a significant danger signal.”可知，本段主要提到的症状是 拒绝聚会，C项符合语境。故选C项。
答案：B
答案：C
解析：根据上文“The best way to support someone who may be experiencing an eating disorder is by talking with them， but when and how you do it matters.”可知，本段主要 强调的是要选择合适的时间和话题与可能患有饮食失调症的人交谈。空处应是进一步 说明合适交谈的时机，F项符合语境。故选F项。
答案：F
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。
In a rural Romanian village， baby Anastasia was born. An ocean away in a small Washington town， beautiful Dana cradled newborn Aria.
Amazing joy comes to families as they welcome a child. Aria and Anastasia 21 . adorable wearing darling bows and the cutest outfits.
Dressing up baby girls is something special no matter what 22 of the world you live in.
Yet， within months both girls were diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy （SMA）， an 23 ， terminal disease.
While it would be easy to fall into despair， Aria’s family bonded even closer. Friends surrounded them， and they purposed to 24 treasured memories.
When Dana 25 out to other SMA families she met Dani， Anastasia’s mother. As the disease affecting their precious daughters became more 26 ， they encouraged one another 27 terribly frightening days.
Thousands of miles of separation didn’t 28 as they e-mailed photos and video clips. They shared highlights from the events they 29 for the very short time they’d have with their girls.
Two precious baby girls were born three weeks apart， and 30 died three weeks apart.
Dani and Dana continued to share their 31 . They walked the healing road back to 32 together.
They loved one another through the darkest time they’d known. Then a year and half after 33 their babies goodbye， they both became pregnant again.
Two healthy little girls will soon be 34 into two families across the globe from one another. This time， Dani will give birth to Aria—named after Dana’s lost child.
And Dana is giving birth to Anastasia 35 Dani’s precious one.This healing story of love was able to go beyond national borders， culture， and religion. Love can do anything， anywhere， anytime.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了生活在罗马尼亚一个乡村的达尼和远在 华盛顿的一个小镇上的达娜，各自生下患有脊髓性肌萎缩症的女孩后，彼此互相鼓 励，互相温暖，在失去女儿一年半以后，她们又各自怀孕生下健康女婴的故事。
21. A. kept B. felt C. looked D. stayed
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. kept保持；B. felt感觉；C. looked看起来；D. stayed停 留。句意：艾瑞亚和阿纳斯塔西娅戴着可爱的蝴蝶结，穿着最可爱的服装，看起来很 可爱。故选C项。
22. A. part B. section C. corner D. district
答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A. part地区；B. section段落；C. corner角落；D. district 地区。句意：无论你生活在世界的哪个地方，打扮女婴都是一件特别的事情。根据上 文“Dressing up baby girls is something special”可知，打扮女婴是一件特别的事情， 无论你生活在世界的哪个地方（part），此处侧重“地方”之意。故选A项。
23. A. inescapable B. incurable
C. unbearable D. unbelievable
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A. inescapable不可避免的；B. incurable不可治愈的； C. unbearable无法忍受的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。句意：然而，在几个月内， 两个女孩都被诊断出患有脊髓性肌萎缩症（SMA），这是一种无法治愈的晚期疾 病。根据生活常识可知，脊髓性肌萎缩症是一种不治（incurable）之症。故选B项。
24. A. make B. record C. copy D. share
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. make制作；B. record 记录；C. copy复制；D. share分 享。句意：朋友们围着她们，他们想制作一些珍贵的回忆。根据上文“Yet，within months both girls were diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）”可知，两个女 孩都被诊断出患有脊髓性肌萎缩症（SMA），这是一种无法治愈的晚期疾病。由此 推知，这两个女孩的生命注定是短暂的，此处指他们为两个女孩制作（make）供以 后回忆的音、视频等资料。故选A项。
25. A. looked B. hanged C. reached D. found
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. looked看；B. hanged悬挂；C. reached接触联系；D.
found发现。句意：当达娜联系其他患有SMA的家庭时，她遇到了阿纳斯塔西娅的母
亲达尼。根据下文“they encouraged one another 27 terribly frightening days”可
知，达娜之前联系了（reached out）其他SMA患儿家庭，这些家庭的人们会互相鼓
励。故选C项。
26. A. clear B. true C. right D. real
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A. clear清楚的；B. true 符合事实的；C. right正确的； D. real真切的。句意：随着影响她们宝贝女儿的疾病变得更加真切，她们在可怕的日 子里相互鼓励。根据上文“Yet， within months both girls were diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）”可知，两个女孩都被诊断出患有脊髓性肌萎缩症，此处指 这两个女孩脊髓性肌萎缩症的症状越来越真切（real）。故选D项。
27. A. beyond B. through C. without D. across
答案：B
解析：考查介词词义辨析。A. beyond超过；B. through 度过，通过；C. without没 有；D. across穿过。句意同上题。根据上下文语境可知，她们相互鼓励度过 （through）了可怕的日子。故选B项。
28. A. exist B. care C. matter D. measure
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. exist存在；B. care照顾；C. matter重要；D. measure 测量。句意：数千英里的距离并不重要，因为她们通过电子邮件发送照片和视频片 段。此处指距离并不重要（matter），尽管相距很远，她们依然可以通过电子邮件紧 密联系。故选C项。
29. A. predicted B. promised
C. valued D. created
答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. predicted预测；B. promised 许诺；C. valued重 视；D. created创造。句意：她们分享了自己与女儿们在短时间内共同创造的活 动的精彩瞬间。此处指她们分享了自己与女儿们共同创造（created）的活动的 精彩瞬间。故选D项。
30. A. still B. even C. only D. also
答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。A. still还；B. even甚至；C. only只有；D. also也。句 意：两个女婴出生时相隔三周，去世时也相隔三周。根据语境可知，两个女婴出生时 相隔三周，去世时也（also）相隔三周。故选D项。
31. A. sorrow B. ease C. memories D. hopes
答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A. sorrow悲伤；B. ease舒适；C. memories回忆；D. hopes希望。句意：达尼和达娜继续（互相）分担她们的悲伤。根据上文可知，达尼 和达娜的女儿都去世了，因此，她们互相分担悲伤（sorrow）。故选A项。
32. A. calmness B. loneliness
C. coldness D. wholeness
答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A. calmness冷静；B. loneliness 孤独；C. coldness冷淡； D. wholeness完整性。句意：她们一起走上了彻底的康复之路。此处指这两位母亲承 受失女之痛，巨大的悲伤使她们心理上有缺失，因此她们在心理上需要重建完整性 （wholeness）。故选D项。
33. A. passing B. waving C. kissing D. keeping
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. passing经过；B. waving 挥舞；C. kissing吻；D. keeping保持。句意：和孩子吻别一年半后，她们俩都又怀孕了。根据上文“They loved one another through the darkest time they’d known.”可知，她们彼此理解，度过 了她们各自的最黑暗的时光。此处应是指，经过互相安慰和鼓励，她们吻别（kiss goodbye）孩子，隐喻她们心理上接受了孩子的离去并与过去告别，开启新的生活。 故选C项。
34. A. welcomed B. exchanged
C. accustomed D. arranged
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. welcomed欢迎；B. exchanged 交换；C. accustomed习 惯；D. arranged安排。句意：两个健康的小女孩将很快降生到这两个家庭中。根据上 文“they both became pregnant again”可知，她们都怀孕了。所以此处指两个健康的 小女孩将要降生，并且很快被欢迎到（welcomed）这两个家庭中。故选A项。
35. A. in favor of B. in memory of
C. on behalf of D. in need of
答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。A. in favor of赞成；B. in memory of为了纪念；C. on behalf of代表；D. in need of需要。句意：为了纪念达尼的宝贝，达娜即将生下的孩子 命名为阿纳斯塔西娅。此处表示为了纪念达娜的孩子，达尼将生下的孩子命名为艾瑞 亚，为了纪念（in memory of）达尼的宝贝，达娜将生下的孩子命名为阿纳斯塔西 娅。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you travel back 36. the 1930s Shanghai， you would find most Chinese women wearing a similar type of dress. And that is Qipao which 37. （originate） from the long dresses worn by the Manchu women in 38. Qing Dynasty. And then， 100 years ago， the modernized version of Qipao was invented， 39. （combine） traditional Manchu dresses with western tailoring techniques. Nowadays， Qipao is worn by Chinese women on formal 40. （occasion）， as well as in daily activities. In different seasons， 41. can go well with modern clothing like wind coats， shawls and sweaters， displaying 42. （vary） styles. In a wedding ceremony， the bride often greets guests， wearing a red Qipao 43. symbolizes happiness， good luck and splendid prospects.
Combining the clothing styles of the East and the West， China’s Qipao 44. （know） to the world now. Many international designers are inspired by it and put it on diverse fashion shows. For hundreds of years， Qipao has shone brightly with new designs， showing the Chinese spirit of 45. （innovate） and inclusiveness to the whole world.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是旗袍的起源和发展。
解析：考查介词。句意：如果你回到20世纪30年代的上海，你会发现大多数中国女性 都穿着类似的衣服。travel back to意为“回到……”，因此空处是介词to，故填to。
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：这就是旗袍，它起源于清朝满族妇女穿的长裙。句子 描述过去的事情，定语从句谓语动词originate时态用一般过去时，空处用过去式，故 填originated。
解析：考查冠词。句意同上题。Qing Dynasty前要加定冠词the，故填the。
答案：to
答案：originated
答案：the
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，100年前，现代版的旗袍被发明出来，结合了 传统的满族服装和西方的剪裁技术。句中谓语是was invented，空处用非谓语动词， “the modernized version of Qipao”和combine之间是主谓关系，因此空处用现在分词 表主动，故填combining。
解析：考查名词的数。句意：如今，中国女性不仅在正式场合穿着旗袍，也在日常活 动中穿着旗袍。occasion是可数名词，正式场合不止一个，因此空处用复数，故填 occasions。
答案：combining
答案：occasions
解析：考查代词。句意：在不同的季节，它可以与风衣、披肩、毛衣等现代服装搭 配，展现出不同的风格。空处用it指代旗袍，故填it。
解析：考查形容词。句意同上题。styles是名词，用形容词作定语，vary的形容词是 various，意为“不同的”。故填various。
解析：考查定语从句。句意：在婚礼上，新娘通常穿着红色旗袍迎接客人，旗袍象征 着幸福、好运和美好的前景。空处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行 词Qipao是物，因此空处是关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
答案：it
答案：various
答案：that/which
解析：考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。句意：中国的旗袍融合了东西方的服装风 格，现在为世界所知。be known to...意为“为……所知”，由now可知，时态用一 般现在时，主语Qipao是不可数名词，因此空处是is known。故填is known。
解析：考查名词。句意：几百年来，旗袍不断推出新的设计，向全世界展示了中国创 新和包容的精神。空处用名词作宾语，句子表示“旗袍不断推出新的设计，向全世界 展示了中国创新和包容的精神”，空处意为“创新”，名词是innovation，是不可数 名词，故填innovation。
答案：is known
答案：innovation
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
近年来，许多城市都流行兴建“口袋公园”，曾经的社区边角地摇身一变，成了 家门口高颜值的小公园，给市民带来了惊喜。假定你是李华，你所在的城市也逐渐建 了一些口袋公园，为此你校英文报社正在组织以“Pocket Parks in My Eyes”为主题的 征文活动，请你撰写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍“口袋公园”；
2. 阐述“口袋公园”的好处；
3. 号召绿色生活方式。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Pocket Parks in My Eyes
【参考范文】
Pocket Parks in My Eyes
“Pocket Parks” is a term that refers to small， urban parks created in limited spaces within the city.
Pocket parks bring numerous benefits to our community from various perspectives. Firstly， they contribute to the economy by attracting visitors and stimulating local businesses. Additionally， pocket parks play a vital role in improving the life quality of residents. These small paradises offer a welcome escape from our busy city life.
In conclusion， pocket parks have many advantages for our cities. Let us embrace a greener lifestyle and make use of these parks， appreciating the beauty of nature right at our doorstep.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完 整的短文。
To celebrate his girlfriend’s birthday， Luke Fortune drove from a small town in Central Oregon to Portland， where he parked his car in a paid garage overnight. The next morning， he discovered that the car’s window had been smashed， along with his dreams for the future：His backpack and computer were gone.
“Everything important to me was on that computer，” said Fortune， 21， who is studying to become a paramedic（护理人员）. “My classwork， every paper I’d written， and all the programs I needed for my paramedic tests. Every letter I was working on for job applications. I felt sick.”
Two days after the theft， another young man was standing outside his apartment， also in Portland. Masoud Almazrouei， 29， is an exchange student from the United Arab Emirates. He had been approached by a man who said he had a computer for sale. Only $200. Almazrouei， who had been in the United States for only a year， admits now that he was naive（天真的）. But he needed a computer， so he bought it， took it home， and turned it on. Within seconds， he saw files and photographs.
“I wondered who would sell a computer with all of this on it，” he said. “I realized it could be stolen.” Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner’s cellphone number and called it.
“This guy with a thick accent told me he had my computer，” Fortune said. “He told me the story and said it was his fault. I thought it was a scam（骗局）. I told him if he really had the computer， he should take it to the police.”
Soon after， a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was sorry. He passed along the man’s number.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200， the money he was out.
A story about the two young men’s encounter made it to the local papers.
【参考范文】
Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200， the money he was out. Almazrouei refused. He said it was his mistake to buy the computer from someone he didn’t know and he was the one to shoulder the responsibility. More importantly， he said， it was his honor to return the property to the rightful owner. “I saw a photo of this man in his paramedic uniform，” Almazrouei said. “They help people. He is a good man. I don’t want my money back.”
A story about the two young men’s encounter made it to the local papers. Overnight， Almazrouei became a household name and received numerous compliments for his honesty and kindness. One day he got a call from the president of Portland State University， where Almazrouei is studying economics. Impressed with his student’s integrity， the president gave Almazrouei a new MacBook Pro. “We thought since you gave back the laptop， we should give you a laptop so that you’ll have one，” he told Almazrouei. “We’re very proud of you. It was a great story， and you did the right thing.”
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
综合微评（四）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you enjoy eating Thai food in restaurants and at street-side stalls， go one step further and learn how to make it in this fun cooking class. You’ll start with a market visit， so you can pick the best ingredients and learn what you need to prepare the best food. Then， get to work in preparing your own multi-dish feast， with the help of your instructor. You’ll learn tips and tricks that you can replicate（复制） later at home.
Highlights of the class
See how Thai shops by visiting a local market first.
All equipment， ingredients， and refreshments（茶点） are included.
Receive printed recipes so you can make these dishes again later.
What to expect
Enjoy hands-on experience of the small-group Thai cooking class. Visit the nearby local market to get some fresh ingredients. Learn how to prepare and cook traditional Thai food with our charming local Thai instructor.
Additional information
Minimum age is 13 years old.
This tour/activity will have a maximum of 7 travelers.
Not recommended for participants with back/legs problems.
Please be advised that menu is decided by the instructor prior to the date of travel.
If capacity is full or limited staff， unannounced extra persons may be asked to leave.
Please wear closed-toe/heel shoes that you don’t mind getting dirty. The market is a little bit wet and muddy.
When making your booking， please inform us of any dietary requirements， such as vegetarian（素食者）.
Arriving an hour late results in a no-show （失约） and the participant will not be able to participate in the rest of the class.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是一个学习如何制作泰国菜的有趣 的课程。
1. What will learners do first for the class？
A. Visit a local market.
B. Make a feast.
C. Print recipes.
D. Buy equipment.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Highlights of the class部分中的“See how Thai shops by visiting a local market first.（先去当地的市场看看泰国人是如何购物 的。）”可知，该课程的亮点是先去看看泰国人如何购物的，也就是参观一下 当地的市场。故选A项。
2. How do the participants learn to cook Thai food？
A. By observing Thai shops.
B. By trying dishes frequently.
C. By getting actively involved.
D. By cooperating with classmates.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据What to expect部分中的“Enjoy hands-on experience of the small-group Thai cooking class.（享受小团体泰国烹饪课的亲身体验。）”可知，该课 程是亲身体验泰国烹饪课，由此可知，参与者是能够积极参与其中学习做泰国菜的。 故选C项。
3. What if a participant arrives an hour late？
A. He/She has to report it in advance.
B. He/She will be asked to explain at once.
C. He/She has to make up for the lost time.
D. He/She will be disqualified from the class.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Additional information部分中的“Arriving an hour late results in a no-show（失约） and the participant will not be able to participate in the rest of the class.（迟到一小时将导致缺席，参与者将无法参加剩余的课程。）”可知，如果迟 到一小时，参与者将无法参加剩余的课程，由此可知，迟到一小时将被取消上课资 格。故选D项。
B
I was 6 years old when my father told me we were leaving the Big Apple Circus （马 戏团）. Until that point， I had spent most of my life on the circus lot， playing with the other circus kids. The circus， by its nature， is one that has a loose structure. So the early years after my leaving the circus to sit in a classroom all day felt more like a prison.
But years later， I found areas that interested me. I took the skills I had learned from being onstage and applied them to broadcasting. And so when Boston’s news station WBUR offered me a job out of college， I jumped at the chance. Along the way， I found I really enjoyed the work. I became WBUR’s news reporter. The flexibility and adaptability I’d learned in the circus as a child helped me do my job naturally and easily in a stressful situation—whether it was a destructive tornado outside Boston， or the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013.
But then a serious infectious disease appeared. Suddenly， for the first time in my adult life， I went for a year without doing any shows. But it became clear to me that performing was what I truly wanted. For me， the circus symbolizes who I am. And stages have always been where I’ve felt the most free. Some people get nervous before they go onstage， but by assuming（扮演） the character of Jacques ze Whipper and drawing a stupid moustache on my face， all my social anxiety disappears.
Circus performances go beyond age， socioeconomic status（地位）， and even language. It’s the type of performance where you can go anywhere in the world to entertain anyone—help anyone forget their troubles for 5， 10， and even 30 minutes. And most importantly， for me， it means coming home.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者离开马戏团后的人生经历，以 及作者如何将马戏团的经验应用于广播行业，并成为新闻记者，但马戏还是萦绕在作 者心头。
4. How did the author feel in the early years of school？
A. Curious. B. Unfree.
C. Loose. D. Impatient.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“So the early years after my leaving the circus to sit in a classroom all day felt more like a prison.（所以我离开马戏团后的最初几年， 整天坐在教室里，感觉更像是在监狱里。）”可知，作者离开马戏团后的最初几年， 整天坐在教室里感觉像是在监狱里，也就是感到不自由。故选B。
5. What do we know about the author’s job at WBUR？
A. He did it for his father.
B. He did it against his will.
C. He risked his neck doing it.
D. He took to it like a duck to water.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“And so when Boston’s news station WBUR offered me a job out of college， I jumped at the chance. Along the way， I found I really enjoyed the work. I became WBUR’s news reporter. The flexibility and adaptability I’d learned in the circus as a child helped me do my job naturally and easily in a stressful situation—whether it was a destructive tornado outside Boston， or the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013.（因此，当波士顿的新闻电台WBUR给我一份大学毕业后的工作 时，我欣然接受了这个机会。一路走来，我发现我真的很喜欢这份工作。我成了 WBUR的新闻记者。我小时候在马戏团学到的灵活性和适应能力帮助我在紧张的情况 下自然而轻松地完成工作——无论是波士顿郊外的破坏性龙卷风，还是2013年波士顿 马拉松爆炸事件。）”可知，作者在WBUR工作时，能够在紧张的情况下自然而轻松 地完成工作，由此可知，这份工作对作者而言如鱼得水，非常轻松。故选D。
6. What does the circus probably mean to the author？
A. A means of living.
B. A chance to go anywhere.
C. A part of his identity.
D. A way to forget his troubles.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“For me， the circus symbolizes who I am. （对我来说，马戏象征着我是谁。）”以及最后一段中的“And most importantly， for me， it means coming home.（最重要的是，对我来说，这意味着回家。）”可 知，对于作者而言，马戏已经是他身份的一部分，象征着作者的身份。故选C。
7. Why does the author write the text？
A. To express his love for circus performances.
B. To stress the value of performing.
C. To share his personal experiences in a circus.
D. To discuss the problem of choosing a job.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“But it became clear to me that performing was what I truly wanted. For me， the circus symbolizes who I am. And stages have always been where I’ve felt the most free. Some people get nervous before they go onstage， but by assuming（扮演） the character of Jacques ze Whipper and drawing a stupid moustache on my face， all my social anxiety disappears.（但我渐渐明白，表演才 是我真正想要的。对我来说，马戏团象征着我是谁。舞台一直是我感觉最自由的地 方。有些人上台前会紧张，但只要假设自己是 Jacques ze Whipper这个角色，再在脸 上画上愚蠢的小胡子，我所有的社交焦虑就消失了。）”以及全文内容可知，文章主 要表达了作者对马戏的热爱。故选A。
C
A growing number of psychologists are getting out the message that anxiety has a positive role to play in our lives. Tracy Dennis-Tiwary， who recently published Future Tense： Why Anxiety Is Good for You （Even Though It Feels Bad）， thinks our culture goes too far in demonizing（妖魔化） the difficult emotion.
Psychologist Todd Kashdan， director of the Well-Being Lab at George Mason University in Virginia， is a critic of what he calls happyology. We don’t always have to be smiling and calm， or worry there’s something wrong with us. Sometimes， he says， worry itself is what is right. Fear of heights？ Good， because you’re not going to be the person who falls off a cliff while taking a selfie.
These experts wonder if the natural role that anxiety plays in our lives is somehow being forgotten. For example， the World Health Organization （WHO） announced in March 2022 that the prevalence of anxiety had increased globally by 25％ over the previous year. The WHO called the finding “a wake-up call to all countries to step up mental health services and support”. Do we know for certain that this data represents a public health crisis？ Or could it mean that millions of folks are quite rightly feeling uncertain， stressed out and afraid？
We can experience healthy， often completely valid periods of anxiety without being categorized as mentally ill， according to behavioral psychologists. Anxiety is an adaptive strategy in human evolution. It helps us to prepare for the uncertain future. Anxiety helps us solve unknowns by planning and imagining， by plotting out possible ways.
According to Alice Boyes， who has a PhD in clinical psychology， coping with anxiety by avoiding them just reinforces your insecurity， because you’re not getting better at solving the problem. “Over time， you will feel less and less capable，” she warns.
The key is to manage anxiety before it overtakes us， like tending a garden so the weeds don’t spread. How do you do that？ Solutions include meditation， exercise， compassionate connection such as volunteering， access to nature and mentally reframing what we’re experiencing.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了焦虑在我们的生活中的好处。
8. Which statement is Kashdan’s opinion？
A. Fear may prevent you from taking dangerous actions.
B. Happyology is quite popular among the young nowadays.
C. Being smiling can stop us from worrying something wrong.
D. Difficult emotions such as anxiety should not be demonized.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Psychologist Todd Kashdan， director of the Well-Being Lab at George Mason University in Virginia， is a critic of what he calls happyology. We don’t always have to be smiling and calm， or worry there’s something wrong with us. Sometimes， he says， worry itself is what is right. Fear of heights？ Good， because you’re not going to be the person who falls off a cliff while taking a selfie. （弗吉尼亚州乔治梅森大学幸福实验室主任、心理学家托德·卡什丹是他所谓的幸福 学的批评者。我们不必总是面带微笑，保持冷静，或者担心自己有什么问题。他说， 有时候，担心本身就是对的。恐高？很好，因为你不会是那个自拍时从悬崖上摔下来 的人。）”可知，卡什丹的观点是恐惧可能会阻止你采取危险的行动。故选A。
9. What is the author’s attitude towards WHO’s announcement？
A. Unclear. B. Disapproving.
C. Objective. D. Positive.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“For example， the World Health Organization （WHO） announced in March 2022 that the prevalence of anxiety had increased globally by 25％ over the previous year. The WHO called the finding ‘a wake- up call to all countries to step up mental health services and support’.（例如，世界卫生组 织在2022年3月宣布，全球焦虑症的患病率比前一年增加了25％。世界卫生组织称这 一发现“为所有国家加强精神卫生服务和支持敲响了警钟”。）”和第四段“We can experience healthy， often completely valid periods of anxiety without being categorized as mentally ill， according to behavioral psychologists. Anxiety is an adaptive strategy in human evolution. It helps us to prepare for the uncertain future.Anxiety helps us solve unknowns by planning and imagining， by plotting out possible ways. （根据行为心理学家的说法，我们可以经历健康的、通常完全有效的焦虑期，而不会被归类为精神疾病。焦虑是人类进化过程中的一种适应性策略。它帮助我们为不确定的未来做好准备。焦虑帮助我们通过计划和想象，通过规划出可能的方法来解决未知的问题。）”可知，作者对世界卫生组织的声明是不赞成的。故选B。
10. What does the underlined word “reinforces” in Paragraph 5 mean？
A. Resists. B. Increases.
C. Adjusts. D. Reveals.
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第五段中的“Over time， you will feel less and less capable （随着时间的推移，你会觉得自己越来越无能）”和画线词后的your insecurity可知，作者想表达使不安全感增加。A. Resists抗拒；B. Increases增加；C. Adjusts调整；D. Reveals揭示。故选B。
11. What is the best title of the text？
A. The upside of anxiety.
B. The key to managing anxiety.
C. The origin of difficult emotions.
D. The right attitude to negative emotions.
答案：A
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中的“A growing number of psychologists are getting out the message that anxiety has a positive role to play in our lives.（越来越多的心理学家发出这样的信息：焦虑在我们的生活中扮演着积极的角 色。）”可知，文章主要介绍了焦虑在我们的生活中的好处。故选A。
D
Have you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages？ The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why， but it is just pleasant to us.
Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to document， understand or reproduce the scent of slowly decaying books. Now， that task may have just gotten easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel.
In one experiment， researchers asked visitors at the historic library to characterize the scents they smelled. All the visitors selected words like “woody” “smoky” and “earthy” from the list， and described the smell’s intensity and perceived pleasantness. In another experiment， the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells—one of which was an unlabeled historic book scent and seven were non- bookish， such as coffee， chocolate， fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses？ Chocolate and coffee. “You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled，” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.
The team even analyzed the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions， the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the “historic library smell”. Main categories， such as “sweet/spicy”， fill the inner circle of the wheel； descriptors， such as “chocolate/cream”， fill the middle； and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source， like furfural， fill the outer circle. The researchers want the Historic Book Odor Wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to identify smells and the compounds causing them， which could address conservators’ concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully， smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于记录旧书气味的“气味轮”的 诞生。研究人员通过在博物馆和图书馆组织游客进行气味感官描述，并开展化学分 析，创建了历史书籍气味轮来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。
12. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？
A. Addiction to reading books.
B. Fascination for smells of books.
C. An odd reading habit.
D. A dislike for smelling books.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages？ The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why， but it is just pleasant to us.（你是否曾 经有过一种冲动，想打开一本书，把鼻子直接贴在书页上？旧书的味道能使任 何书迷精神焕发。我们不知道为什么，但它就是让我们愉快。）”可知，第一 段描述了我们对书籍气味的迷恋。故选B。
13. How do people usually describe unlabeled smells？
A. By referring to familiar items.
B. By using adjectives to label them.
C. By linking them with food smells.
D. By analyzing chemical components.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“‘You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled，’ study author Cecilia Bembibre says.（“描述 没有标签的气味时，你倾向于使用熟悉的联想来描述它们，”研究作者Cecilia Bembibre说。）”及第三段全段对于实验过程的描述可知，人们在描述未知气味时， 倾向于使用熟悉的事物来展开联想。故选A。
14. What is the function of the “Historic Book Odor Wheel”？
A. To store book smells.
B. To characterize smells.
C. To collect history books.
D. To test different scents.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions， the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the ‘historic library smell’. Main categories， such as ‘sweet/spicy’， fill the inner circle of the wheel； descriptors， such as ‘chocolate/cream’， fill the middle； and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source， like furfural， fill the outer circle.（利用来自化学分析和游客气味描述的数据，研究人员创建了“历史图书气味 轮”来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。主要类别，如“甜/辣”，填满了轮子的内圆； 描述词，如“巧克力/奶油”，填满了中间；而可能是气味来源的化合物，如糠醛， 则填满了外层。）”可知，“历史图书气味轮”的功能应是描述气味。故选B。
15. What is the potential future application of the study？
A. Creating a whole new scent.
B. Sharpening sensory perceptions.
C. Restoring smells of historic documents.
D. Extracting components of “old book smell”.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers want the Historic Book Odor Wheel to be a tool that ‘untrained noses’ can use to identify smells and the compounds causing them， which could address conservators’ concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully， smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell. （研究人员希望“历史图书气味轮”能成为一种工具，“未经训练的鼻子”可 以用来识别气味和引起气味的化合物，这可以解决文物保护人员对材料组成和历史文 献保护的担忧。希望有一天，过去的气味可以在实验室里重现，博物馆和历史学家可 以用它来重建我们再也闻不到的过去。）”可知，研究者们未来有望利用气味轮来保 护历史材料文献，重现过去的气味。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
Signs of an Eating Disorder
A. Yet many others are often hidden in plain sight.
B. This also might come with noticeable weight loss or gain.
C. They are constantly turning down food-centric social gathering.
D. Mood changes associated with eating may also be a danger signal.
E. The discussion around changing eating habits is incredibly common.
F. It should be away from the normal routine and outside of a mealtime.
G. Eating disorders are a group of conditions marked by an unhealthy relationship with food.
About 30 million Americans live with an eating disorder. Some symptoms of an eating disorder may be more visible to the eyes. 16 It’s important to know the symptoms in those who might be at risk of an eating disorder.
Firstly， they are constantly talking about dieting. 17 Look at any lifestyle magazine or website， and you will likely find dieting tips and advice. However， being trapped in that discussion is a different story. If someone you love is constantly talking about food or their dieting habits， it might be a sign of concern.
Secondly， their fitness or eating habits are constantly out of the ordinary. Changes in mood or behaviors surrounding food or exercise can be signs of concern. This could mean a switch in activity level like over-exercising， too often counting calories， frequently visiting the bathroom after eating， fasting（禁食） or eating too much. 18 .
Thirdly， avoiding interactions such as birthday parties or going out to dinner with friends is a significant danger signal. People living with the condition have an intense focus on food or body image. 19 They will keep away from situations—likely ones that once brought them joy—where that determination might be tested.
The best way to support someone who may be experiencing an eating disorder is by talking with them， but when and how you do it matters. 20 Approach them with love and compassion（同情）， and let them know that you care about them and that you notice there is something they may be struggling with.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了饮食失调的迹象。
解析：根据上文“Some symptoms of an eating disorder may be more visible to the eyes.”和下文“It’s important to know the symptoms in those who might be at risk of an eating disorder.”可知，空处承上启下，正是因为有一些饮食失调的症状眼睛看不出 来，人们去了解饮食失调的症状才显得尤为重要，而且空处和上文形成转折关系。A 项符合语境。故选A项。
解析：根据段落主题句“Firstly， they are constantly talking about dieting.”可知，本 段内容和关于节食的讨论有关，空处和上文形成解释说明的关系。E项中的“The discussion”和上文的talking about相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。
答案：A
答案：E
解析：根据上文“This could mean a switch in activity level like over-exercising， too often counting calories， frequently visiting the bathroom after eating， fasting（禁食） or eating too much.”可知，空处应进一步补充说明上文生活上的转变带来的不良后果， B项符合语境。故选B项。
解析：根据段落主题句“Thirdly，avoiding interactions such as birthday parties or going out to dinner with friends is a significant danger signal.”可知，本段主要提到的症状是 拒绝聚会，C项符合语境。故选C项。
答案：B
答案：C
解析：根据上文“The best way to support someone who may be experiencing an eating disorder is by talking with them， but when and how you do it matters.”可知，本段主要 强调的是要选择合适的时间和话题与可能患有饮食失调症的人交谈。空处应是进一步 说明合适交谈的时机，F项符合语境。故选F项。
答案：F
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。
In a rural Romanian village， baby Anastasia was born. An ocean away in a small Washington town， beautiful Dana cradled newborn Aria.
Amazing joy comes to families as they welcome a child. Aria and Anastasia 21 . adorable wearing darling bows and the cutest outfits.
Dressing up baby girls is something special no matter what 22 of the world you live in.
Yet， within months both girls were diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy （SMA）， an 23 ， terminal disease.
While it would be easy to fall into despair， Aria’s family bonded even closer. Friends surrounded them， and they purposed to 24 treasured memories.
When Dana 25 out to other SMA families she met Dani， Anastasia’s mother. As the disease affecting their precious daughters became more 26 ， they encouraged one another 27 terribly frightening days.
Thousands of miles of separation didn’t 28 as they e-mailed photos and video clips. They shared highlights from the events they 29 for the very short time they’d have with their girls.
Two precious baby girls were born three weeks apart， and 30 died three weeks apart.
Dani and Dana continued to share their 31 . They walked the healing road back to 32 together.
They loved one another through the darkest time they’d known. Then a year and half after 33 their babies goodbye， they both became pregnant again.
Two healthy little girls will soon be 34 into two families across the globe from one another. This time， Dani will give birth to Aria—named after Dana’s lost child.
And Dana is giving birth to Anastasia 35 Dani’s precious one.This healing story of love was able to go beyond national borders， culture， and religion. Love can do anything， anywhere， anytime.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了生活在罗马尼亚一个乡村的达尼和远在 华盛顿的一个小镇上的达娜，各自生下患有脊髓性肌萎缩症的女孩后，彼此互相鼓 励，互相温暖，在失去女儿一年半以后，她们又各自怀孕生下健康女婴的故事。
21. A. kept B. felt C. looked D. stayed
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. kept保持；B. felt感觉；C. looked看起来；D. stayed停 留。句意：艾瑞亚和阿纳斯塔西娅戴着可爱的蝴蝶结，穿着最可爱的服装，看起来很 可爱。故选C项。
22. A. part B. section C. corner D. district
答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A. part地区；B. section段落；C. corner角落；D. district 地区。句意：无论你生活在世界的哪个地方，打扮女婴都是一件特别的事情。根据上 文“Dressing up baby girls is something special”可知，打扮女婴是一件特别的事情， 无论你生活在世界的哪个地方（part），此处侧重“地方”之意。故选A项。
23. A. inescapable B. incurable
C. unbearable D. unbelievable
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A. inescapable不可避免的；B. incurable不可治愈的； C. unbearable无法忍受的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。句意：然而，在几个月内， 两个女孩都被诊断出患有脊髓性肌萎缩症（SMA），这是一种无法治愈的晚期疾 病。根据生活常识可知，脊髓性肌萎缩症是一种不治（incurable）之症。故选B项。
24. A. make B. record C. copy D. share
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. make制作；B. record 记录；C. copy复制；D. share分 享。句意：朋友们围着她们，他们想制作一些珍贵的回忆。根据上文“Yet，within months both girls were diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）”可知，两个女 孩都被诊断出患有脊髓性肌萎缩症（SMA），这是一种无法治愈的晚期疾病。由此 推知，这两个女孩的生命注定是短暂的，此处指他们为两个女孩制作（make）供以 后回忆的音、视频等资料。故选A项。
25. A. looked B. hanged C. reached D. found
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. looked看；B. hanged悬挂；C. reached接触联系；D.
found发现。句意：当达娜联系其他患有SMA的家庭时，她遇到了阿纳斯塔西娅的母
亲达尼。根据下文“they encouraged one another 27 terribly frightening days”可
知，达娜之前联系了（reached out）其他SMA患儿家庭，这些家庭的人们会互相鼓
励。故选C项。
26. A. clear B. true C. right D. real
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A. clear清楚的；B. true 符合事实的；C. right正确的； D. real真切的。句意：随着影响她们宝贝女儿的疾病变得更加真切，她们在可怕的日 子里相互鼓励。根据上文“Yet， within months both girls were diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）”可知，两个女孩都被诊断出患有脊髓性肌萎缩症，此处指 这两个女孩脊髓性肌萎缩症的症状越来越真切（real）。故选D项。
27. A. beyond B. through C. without D. across
答案：B
解析：考查介词词义辨析。A. beyond超过；B. through 度过，通过；C. without没 有；D. across穿过。句意同上题。根据上下文语境可知，她们相互鼓励度过 （through）了可怕的日子。故选B项。
28. A. exist B. care C. matter D. measure
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. exist存在；B. care照顾；C. matter重要；D. measure 测量。句意：数千英里的距离并不重要，因为她们通过电子邮件发送照片和视频片 段。此处指距离并不重要（matter），尽管相距很远，她们依然可以通过电子邮件紧 密联系。故选C项。
29. A. predicted B. promised
C. valued D. created
答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. predicted预测；B. promised 许诺；C. valued重 视；D. created创造。句意：她们分享了自己与女儿们在短时间内共同创造的活 动的精彩瞬间。此处指她们分享了自己与女儿们共同创造（created）的活动的 精彩瞬间。故选D项。
30. A. still B. even C. only D. also
答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。A. still还；B. even甚至；C. only只有；D. also也。句 意：两个女婴出生时相隔三周，去世时也相隔三周。根据语境可知，两个女婴出生时 相隔三周，去世时也（also）相隔三周。故选D项。
31. A. sorrow B. ease C. memories D. hopes
答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A. sorrow悲伤；B. ease舒适；C. memories回忆；D. hopes希望。句意：达尼和达娜继续（互相）分担她们的悲伤。根据上文可知，达尼 和达娜的女儿都去世了，因此，她们互相分担悲伤（sorrow）。故选A项。
32. A. calmness B. loneliness
C. coldness D. wholeness
答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A. calmness冷静；B. loneliness 孤独；C. coldness冷淡； D. wholeness完整性。句意：她们一起走上了彻底的康复之路。此处指这两位母亲承 受失女之痛，巨大的悲伤使她们心理上有缺失，因此她们在心理上需要重建完整性 （wholeness）。故选D项。
33. A. passing B. waving C. kissing D. keeping
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. passing经过；B. waving 挥舞；C. kissing吻；D. keeping保持。句意：和孩子吻别一年半后，她们俩都又怀孕了。根据上文“They loved one another through the darkest time they’d known.”可知，她们彼此理解，度过 了她们各自的最黑暗的时光。此处应是指，经过互相安慰和鼓励，她们吻别（kiss goodbye）孩子，隐喻她们心理上接受了孩子的离去并与过去告别，开启新的生活。 故选C项。
34. A. welcomed B. exchanged
C. accustomed D. arranged
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A. welcomed欢迎；B. exchanged 交换；C. accustomed习 惯；D. arranged安排。句意：两个健康的小女孩将很快降生到这两个家庭中。根据上 文“they both became pregnant again”可知，她们都怀孕了。所以此处指两个健康的 小女孩将要降生，并且很快被欢迎到（welcomed）这两个家庭中。故选A项。
35. A. in favor of B. in memory of
C. on behalf of D. in need of
答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。A. in favor of赞成；B. in memory of为了纪念；C. on behalf of代表；D. in need of需要。句意：为了纪念达尼的宝贝，达娜即将生下的孩子 命名为阿纳斯塔西娅。此处表示为了纪念达娜的孩子，达尼将生下的孩子命名为艾瑞 亚，为了纪念（in memory of）达尼的宝贝，达娜将生下的孩子命名为阿纳斯塔西 娅。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you travel back 36. the 1930s Shanghai， you would find most Chinese women wearing a similar type of dress. And that is Qipao which 37. （originate） from the long dresses worn by the Manchu women in 38. Qing Dynasty. And then， 100 years ago， the modernized version of Qipao was invented， 39. （combine） traditional Manchu dresses with western tailoring techniques. Nowadays， Qipao is worn by Chinese women on formal 40. （occasion）， as well as in daily activities. In different seasons， 41. can go well with modern clothing like wind coats， shawls and sweaters， displaying 42. （vary） styles. In a wedding ceremony， the bride often greets guests， wearing a red Qipao 43. symbolizes happiness， good luck and splendid prospects.
Combining the clothing styles of the East and the West， China’s Qipao 44. （know） to the world now. Many international designers are inspired by it and put it on diverse fashion shows. For hundreds of years， Qipao has shone brightly with new designs， showing the Chinese spirit of 45. （innovate） and inclusiveness to the whole world.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是旗袍的起源和发展。
解析：考查介词。句意：如果你回到20世纪30年代的上海，你会发现大多数中国女性 都穿着类似的衣服。travel back to意为“回到……”，因此空处是介词to，故填to。
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：这就是旗袍，它起源于清朝满族妇女穿的长裙。句子 描述过去的事情，定语从句谓语动词originate时态用一般过去时，空处用过去式，故 填originated。
解析：考查冠词。句意同上题。Qing Dynasty前要加定冠词the，故填the。
答案：to
答案：originated
答案：the
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，100年前，现代版的旗袍被发明出来，结合了 传统的满族服装和西方的剪裁技术。句中谓语是was invented，空处用非谓语动词， “the modernized version of Qipao”和combine之间是主谓关系，因此空处用现在分词 表主动，故填combining。
解析：考查名词的数。句意：如今，中国女性不仅在正式场合穿着旗袍，也在日常活 动中穿着旗袍。occasion是可数名词，正式场合不止一个，因此空处用复数，故填 occasions。
答案：combining
答案：occasions
解析：考查代词。句意：在不同的季节，它可以与风衣、披肩、毛衣等现代服装搭 配，展现出不同的风格。空处用it指代旗袍，故填it。
解析：考查形容词。句意同上题。styles是名词，用形容词作定语，vary的形容词是 various，意为“不同的”。故填various。
解析：考查定语从句。句意：在婚礼上，新娘通常穿着红色旗袍迎接客人，旗袍象征 着幸福、好运和美好的前景。空处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行 词Qipao是物，因此空处是关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
答案：it
答案：various
答案：that/which
解析：考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。句意：中国的旗袍融合了东西方的服装风 格，现在为世界所知。be known to...意为“为……所知”，由now可知，时态用一 般现在时，主语Qipao是不可数名词，因此空处是is known。故填is known。
解析：考查名词。句意：几百年来，旗袍不断推出新的设计，向全世界展示了中国创 新和包容的精神。空处用名词作宾语，句子表示“旗袍不断推出新的设计，向全世界 展示了中国创新和包容的精神”，空处意为“创新”，名词是innovation，是不可数 名词，故填innovation。
答案：is known
答案：innovation
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
近年来，许多城市都流行兴建“口袋公园”，曾经的社区边角地摇身一变，成了 家门口高颜值的小公园，给市民带来了惊喜。假定你是李华，你所在的城市也逐渐建 了一些口袋公园，为此你校英文报社正在组织以“Pocket Parks in My Eyes”为主题的 征文活动，请你撰写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍“口袋公园”；
2. 阐述“口袋公园”的好处；
3. 号召绿色生活方式。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Pocket Parks in My Eyes
【参考范文】
Pocket Parks in My Eyes
“Pocket Parks” is a term that refers to small， urban parks created in limited spaces within the city.
Pocket parks bring numerous benefits to our community from various perspectives. Firstly， they contribute to the economy by attracting visitors and stimulating local businesses. Additionally， pocket parks play a vital role in improving the life quality of residents. These small paradises offer a welcome escape from our busy city life.
In conclusion， pocket parks have many advantages for our cities. Let us embrace a greener lifestyle and make use of these parks， appreciating the beauty of nature right at our doorstep.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完 整的短文。
To celebrate his girlfriend’s birthday， Luke Fortune drove from a small town in Central Oregon to Portland， where he parked his car in a paid garage overnight. The next morning， he discovered that the car’s window had been smashed， along with his dreams for the future：His backpack and computer were gone.
“Everything important to me was on that computer，” said Fortune， 21， who is studying to become a paramedic（护理人员）. “My classwork， every paper I’d written， and all the programs I needed for my paramedic tests. Every letter I was working on for job applications. I felt sick.”
Two days after the theft， another young man was standing outside his apartment， also in Portland. Masoud Almazrouei， 29， is an exchange student from the United Arab Emirates. He had been approached by a man who said he had a computer for sale. Only $200. Almazrouei， who had been in the United States for only a year， admits now that he was naive（天真的）. But he needed a computer， so he bought it， took it home， and turned it on. Within seconds， he saw files and photographs.
“I wondered who would sell a computer with all of this on it，” he said. “I realized it could be stolen.” Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner’s cellphone number and called it.
“This guy with a thick accent told me he had my computer，” Fortune said. “He told me the story and said it was his fault. I thought it was a scam（骗局）. I told him if he really had the computer， he should take it to the police.”
Soon after， a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was sorry. He passed along the man’s number.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200， the money he was out.
A story about the two young men’s encounter made it to the local papers.
【参考范文】
Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200， the money he was out. Almazrouei refused. He said it was his mistake to buy the computer from someone he didn’t know and he was the one to shoulder the responsibility. More importantly， he said， it was his honor to return the property to the rightful owner. “I saw a photo of this man in his paramedic uniform，” Almazrouei said. “They help people. He is a good man. I don’t want my money back.”
A story about the two young men’s encounter made it to the local papers. Overnight， Almazrouei became a household name and received numerous compliments for his honesty and kindness. One day he got a call from the president of Portland State University， where Almazrouei is studying economics. Impressed with his student’s integrity， the president gave Almazrouei a new MacBook Pro. “We thought since you gave back the laptop， we should give you a laptop so that you’ll have one，” he told Almazrouei. “We’re very proud of you. It was a great story， and you did the right thing.”