专项二 动词和动词短语 课件(共22张PPT) 2026年中考英语一轮专题复习（福建）

(共22张PPT)
词类
专项二 动词和动词短语
语法梳理
1
语法精讲
2
语法梳理
1
语法精讲
2
用法归纳
动词的基本形式
动词 原形
情态动词can, must, need, may, should, will等之后
助动词do, does, did等之后
使役动词let, make之后作宾语补足语(如：let/make sb. do sth.)
第三人称单数
一般情况下只在动词后加-s。例词：run—runs, ask—asks, live—lives
以o, s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加-es。例词：teach—teaches, pass—passes, do—does, go—goes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i加-es。例词：try—tries, study—studies
现在 分词
一般情况下在动词后加-ing。例词：catch—catching, drink—drinking, carry—carrying
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。例词：come—coming, make—making
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ing
例词：hit—hitting, plan—planning, begin—beginning
过去 式和 过去 分词
一般情况下在动词后直接加-ed。例词：call—called, regard—regarded
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，只加-d。例词：agree—agreed, hate—hated
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变为i，再加-ed。例词：carry—carried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。
例词：beg—begged, stop—stopped
实义动词：及物动词和不及物动词
分类 概念 例句
及物 动词 动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 I like Fujian very much.
我非常喜欢福建。
不及物动词 动词本身意义完整，无须接宾语。要接宾语时，不及物动词后面必须加介词。 We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。
Listen to me carefully.仔细听我讲。
助动词
概念 分类
助动词本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。它必须和别的动词连用，帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等。
be 用于构成现在进行时态和过去进行时态的谓语形式及构成被动语态的谓语形式：be+现在分词/过去分词
分类
do 用于构成疑问句和否定句。
例句：—Do you eat junk food 你吃垃圾食品吗？
—No, I don’t.不，我不吃。
have 用于构成现在完成时的谓语形式：have/has+过去分词
will/shall 用于构成一般将来时的谓语形式：will/shall+动词原形
系动词
分类 常见例词
变化系动词 become, get, turn, go, grow
状态系动词 be, keep, stay, remain, seem
感官系动词 feel, look, smell, taste, sound
动词短语
构成形式 高频短语
动词+介词 agree with 同意 ask for 请求 look at 看 laugh at 嘲笑 worry about 担忧
动词+副词 pick up 捡起；接送work out 解决；计算出 put off推迟turn off关闭
构成形式 高频短语
动词+名词 make mistakes 犯错误 make a decision 做决定
动词+名词+介词 take care of 照顾，照看；take part in 参加 [2025福建85题]
动词+副词+介词 keep away from 远离 get along with 与……和睦相处 look forward to 期盼
易混短语 高频短语
come out 出来；出版 come up 发生；提出
come across(偶然)遇见 come true实现；达到
come over 顺便来访；过来
come up with想出(主意)；提出
come 短语
give短语
look 短语
keep 短语
give up放弃 give away 捐赠；泄露(秘密)
give in 屈服；让步give out 分发；耗尽give off 发出(光、热等)
look after 照顾 look up查阅；拜访
look through 浏览 look around 环顾
keep in touch 保持联系 keep up with 跟上
福建中考跟踪练
B
I. 选择填空。
1. True friendship ________ us to show trust and sincerity. [2025厦门模拟]
A. receives B. requires C. provides
2. Li Yuan, our team leader, is organized and thoughtful enough to ________ time well. [2025福州模拟]
A. reduce B. manage C. cancel
B
福建中考跟踪练
3. Everyone must ________ some difficulties before making his dream come true. [2025福州延安中学三模]
A. give up B. try out C. go through
4. Teenagers need to ________ at least 60-minute outdoor activities every day to protect their eyes. [2025福建一模]
A. take up B. put up C. give up
C
A
福建中考跟踪练
5. —Tom, what a mess you have made! Could you ________ your school things
—All right, Mom. [2025福建百校中考一模]
A. put away B. take off C. give up
A
II.短文填空。
Oumarou is a student from Niger studying at Hebei University. He has had a fantastic experience of learning Chinese kung fu. It is also 1. ________ (know) as wushu.
known
In 2012, he 2. ________ (come) to the university not only to get an education but also to achieve his dream of 3. ________ (learn) kung fu. He became a fan of kung fu after watching movies in which famous martial artists like Jackie Chan and Jet Li starred. This made him 4. ________ (become) interested in kung fu. Oumarou 5. ________ (think) that studying Chinese kung fu helps him understand Chinese culture better than before.
came
learning
become
thinks
While studying in Baoding, Oumarou 6. ________ (join) the university’s wushu club and trained under Duan Shuxing, one of the coaches. The club 7. ________ (teach) him to be brave and honest, which made him more energetic. Though he is already 36 years old, he still wants to work harder to learn newer moves.
joined
taught
So far, Oumarou 8. __________ (learn) some boxing skills and how to use many traditional Chinese weapons(兵器). Learning kung fu has also brought him many other benefits. He has 9. ________ (make) a lot of Chinese friends through learning kung fu and has visited many places around China. In the future, Oumarou plans to open a kung fu center in Niger to teach young people kung fu. He believes it will 10. ________ (help) them build a bridge between Chinese culture and Nigerien culture.
has learned
made
help