宁波市2017高考英语人教版必修5 Unit2 The United Kingdom精品训练（附重点知识点整理)
文档属性
| 名称 | 宁波市2017高考英语人教版必修5 Unit2 The United Kingdom精品训练（附重点知识点整理) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.6MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-09-21 21:32:11 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
宁波市2017高考英语人教版必修5U2精品训练【A】及答案【附重点知识点整理】
Unit Two The United Kingdom
一、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top__1__(attract)．
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not－for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I__2__(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be__3__(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back__4__my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s，__5__I was the first Western TV reporter__6__(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include__7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by__8__(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few__9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，__10__other is with mum—she never suspects.
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给出的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
My friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel when it started to pour 1 . When it became lighter, I decided to get my car, which was 2 at my office three streets away.
My friends argued that I shouldn’t go, mainly because I was seven months pregnant then. I assured them that I’d be very 3 .
I walked out of the 4 and started making my way to the car. At the traffic junction, a van stopped and the passenger got off with an umbrella. Before I knew what was happening, he walked right beside me and told me he’d escort(护送) me to my 5 . I was very embarrassed and declined(辞谢), but he was very 6 .
During our 7 , he kept telling me to walk slower, as the ground was 8 . When we got to the car park, I 9 him and we parted ways. I did not get his 10 and may not even recognise him now. Did he 11 stop for me? I’ll never know.
So how did I pay it forward? I was at home when I 12 two Indian construction workers walking in the heavy rain. They were probably on their way to the construction 13 near my estate, which was a long walk in. I went out and passed them an umbrella. I told them they should take the umbrella and 14 it. They were very grateful and like me, probably wondered why a 15 was offering such kindness.
三、阅读理解
A
【2016北京高考真题】A
阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
December 15, 2014
Dear Alfred，
I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.
Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.
However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.
While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.
Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose.
Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors.
Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.
This is why you’re saving my life.
Yours,
Tanis
1. why did’t Tanis go to college after high school?
A.She had learned enough about computer science
B. She had more difficulty keeping foucesed
C.She preferred taking online courses
D.She was too slow to learn
2. As for the working environment,Tains prefers____.
A .working by herself
B.dealing with the public
C.competing against others
D.staying with ADHD students
3.Tanis wrote this letter in order to_____.
A.explain why she was interested in the computer
B.share the ideas she had for her profession
C .show how grateful she was to the center
D.describe the courses she had taken so far
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
Coffee is one of the most popular drinks throughout the world today. In fact, according to some estimates, over 30% of all adults in the world drink coffee at least once a day on the average. Coffee contains a kind of drug called caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical that stimulates (刺激) the nerves of the body. Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake―at least for a short time―because of this stimulating effect on the nervous system. A cup of coffee has, on the average, about 3% caffeine in it.
One story of the discovery of the coffee plant relates to this effect of caffeine. According to the story, coffee was discovered in East Africa. The story says that coffee was first found by a goat farmer named Kaldi. This was about the year 850. Kaldi was leading his animals through the mountains and the goats were stopping repeatedly to eat the plants near the path. Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way. Kaldi figured out that the goats were acting this way because of the plants they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some of the green beans (豆荚) that the goats had been eating. He, too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans. Kaldi wanted to prove what had happened, so he picked some of the beans and took them back to the village, where he told his story.
The green bean got the name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa. Then for years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa beans when they were in the mountains and needed extra energy to do their work. It was later found that the coffee beans could be picked and then dried until they turned brown, and then they could be stored. If the beans were dried and stored, they could be used at any time.
1.What is the purpose of drinking coffee?
A. To become more awake. B. To become more healthy.
C. To become more happy. D. To become more clever.
2.How did the goats react after eating the plants?
A. They fell asleep. B. They could not find their way home.
C. They started jumping up and down. D. They wanted to eat more.
3.Why did the green bean get the name "Kaffa"?
A. Because Kaldi loved his home village very much.
B. Because Kaldi's goats loved the green bean very much.
C. Because the beans were discovered in a place by this name.
D. Because the beans could be picked and dried.
C
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place.The time was about 5 o’clock in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school.Our plan was to go swimming together.I had finished my work at 4 o’clock and then gone to the Post Office.Then I stopped off at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit.We liked to have some fruit to eat after our swim.
I was driving along a high road on my way to my daughter’s school.Over my road was another road which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way.I was hungry so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side.Then my car started to shake！I didn’t know what was happening.Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car.I drove a little more slowly and then I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the car in front of me.
I found myself in the dark.I couldn’t move.The bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them.All around me was quiet.But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise.Then I memorized (记起) what had happened.I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody came.Luckily I could reach the bag of apples，so at least I had plenty to eat.Then I heard people climbing towards me.A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road.I called out，“I’m here！” I heard a shout.Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the road near my car.“How are you doing？” he asked.
“Not too bad，” I said，“But my feet and legs feel as if they’re broken.”“We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can.” They didn’t get me out until the next morning.I had been in my car for fourteen hours.
1．When the earthquake took place，the writer was________.
A．on his way to the Post Office B．stopping off at a shop
C．doing some shopping D．under a road built like a bridge
2．The writer’s car began to move from side to side because________.
A．there was something wrong with his car
B．he ate apples as he drove
C．an earthquake began to happen
D．he drove too fast
3．Which of the following is True according to the passage?
A．When the earthquake happened，the writer was with his daughter together.
B．The writer’s legs and feet were badly wounded in the earthquake.
C．The writer was saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road.
D．The writer was so frightened that he forgot everything that happened around him.
4．Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the writer?
a—A stranger climbed to the side of road near his car and asked how he was going.
b—The writer finished his work.
c—He felt his car shaking on his way to his daughter’s school.
d—He bought some fresh fruit in a shop.
e—He was saved the next morning.
f—The writer found himself in the dark.
g—He went to the Post Office.
A．b，g，d，c，f，a，e B．b，d，c，g，f，a，e
C．d，b，c，f，g，a，e D．c，a，f，g，b，d，e
5．From the passage we’re sure that the writer was________.
A．a teacher of a school B．a manager of a shop
C．a father of a girl D．a worker of a Post Office
四、七选五
（2016打开模拟选编）下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第1～5题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A．Try different new things.
B．Avoid “black and white thinking”．
C．Associate with optimistic people.
D.Make a plan to stop thinking negatively.
E．Understand the benefits of staying positive.
F．Adopt the motto “everything happens for a reason”．
Develop a positive attitude towards life
When you are going through a challenging time，people will just instruct you to think positively.More often than not，thinking positively proves a strategy for interpreting everything that happens to you in a useful，constructive way.If you want to know how to think more positively，just follow these tips.
1．________Choosing to think more positively will not only help you take control of your life and make your everyday experiences more pleasant，but it will have countless benefits on your mental and physical health as well as your ability to deal with change.Being aware of these benefits can help you be even more motivated to think positively on a regular basis.One of the most important benefits of positive thinking is that you are more likely to have better coping skills during times of stress.
2．________Don't think everything you are faced with either is or it isn't.In fact，there is what we call the shades of gray in life.Therefore，if something doesn't turn out the way you want it to，make a list of all of the outcomes in between to see that things aren't as serious as they seem.For example，if you get a late start on a paper and think you shouldn't bother because you won't finish it in time，consider the other possibilities.You could finish half the paper and still get a better grade than if you don't turn it in.
3．________That means deciding to overcome the negativity that is going on around you—and there will always be plenty of it.Think of what you can do today that is good for you and others.Decide how you will react in ways that will make a difference to your life.Don't let other people ruin your plan.People will often make things seem more important or worrisome than they really are.Making a plan to be more positive will already be a move in the right direction.This will help you to stay positive because you will feel a greater sense of control over your life and your choices.
4．________Experiencing a wide variety of life will do wonders.Stepping out of your comfort zone can often take you by surprise and knock those negative thoughts or black and white thoughts right back into their cave.Something as simple as trying a new food in a restaurant can lead to the discovery of new tastes and different feelings，along with the release of negative impressions.Visiting a new town，city，or country and see how other people view the world can help put a positive spin on your life.
5．________Optimism is infectious.If you want to be infected by optimism，you should spend time with people who can provide something of value.Look for the positives in other people too—finding what is good in people.Learn to praise people around you.Connect with people who have many passions and want to share them with you.Avoid seeing anyone with a negative outlook，unless you really care about that person and want to change their thoughts.If you tend to think negatively，you'll be falling into a trap.
五、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两赴，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin．Therefore, I couldn't understand "real music"．After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool．l will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store． There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed．He became my the first guitar teacher．It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model．Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.
【参考答案】
一、语法填空
【语篇导读】 成都有许多百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和诱人的宾馆，但作者最喜欢的是“国宝”——大熊猫。
1．attraction [考查名词的用法。空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名词形式。]
2．was allowed [考查动词时态。根据语境及allow sb to do sth这一固定句式可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。]
3．officially [考查副词的用法。修饰谓语动词应当用副词形式。]
4．to [考查固定短语。go back to为固定短语，意思是“回到，追溯到”。]
5．when [考查副词的用法。由句子结构可以判断这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示时间的in the mid－1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填写关系副词when。]
6．permitted [考查定语从句关系副词的用法。因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。]
7．introducing [考查动名词的用法。由句子结构可知，introduce作谓语动词include的宾语。而British visitors是introduce这一动作的承受者。故用动名词形式。]
8．its [考查物主代词的用法。根据空格后的名词及前文中的a lively three－month－old twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。]
9．days [考查名词复数。few用来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。]
10．the [考查固定搭配中冠词的用法。由前文中的关键词twin, one可知这里考查one...the other...(一个……另一个……)的用法。故答案为the。]
二、完形填空
文章大意:这篇文章讲述的是作者在下雨天得到陌生人的帮助，她深受感动，想把这样的好事继续传递下去。
1. A. hardly B. slightly C. heavily D. slowly
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词及上下文语境的理解。A. hardly几乎不； B. slightly轻微地；C. heavily沉重地； D. slowly慢慢地。根据it started to pour可知雨下的大用heavily；“我”和“我”的朋友刚在旅馆吃完午饭这时天突然下起了大雨，故选C。
2. A. parked B. locked C. broken D. repaired
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. parked停车； B. locked锁门； C. broken打断； D. repaired修理。根据I decided to get my car可知车停在某个地方。当雨小点的时候，“我”决定去取车，车就在离办公室三条街的地方，故选A。
3. A. successful B. careful C. joyful D. stressful
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词及上下文语境的理解。A. successful成功的； B. careful小心，仔细的； C. joyful令人高兴的； D. stressful紧张的，有压力的。根据I was seven months pregnant then可知“我”想他们保证我会很小心的，故选B。
4. A. storm B. garage C. office D. hotel
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. storm风暴； B. garage 车库； C. office办公室； D. hotel旅馆。根据上文I had just finished lunch at a hotel可知我走出旅馆，开始向车走去，故选D。
5. A. destination B. home C. office D. company
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. destination 目的地； B. home家； C. office 办公室； D. company公司。因为乘客当时不知我去什么地方。在我知道什么事情发生之前，他直接走到我身边，并且告诉我他要护送“我”到达目的地，故选A。
6. A. cautious B. diligent C. persistent D. reluctant
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词及上下文语境的理解。A. cautious谨慎的； B. diligent勤奋的； C. persistent固执的，坚持的； D. reluctant勉强的。根据he kept telling me to walk slower可知“我”很尴尬并且辞谢他但是他很固执，故选C。
7. A. talk B. trip C. walk D. work
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. talk谈话； B. trip旅行； C. walk步行； D. work工作。根据When we got to the car park,可知在我们走的过程中他不断地告诉“我”要走慢一点，故选C。
8. A. rough B. wet C. messy D. dirty
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词及上下文语境的理解。A. rough艰苦； B. wet湿的； C. messy 凌乱的； D. dirty脏的。根据常识可知下雨，路面很湿。故选B。
9. A. thanked B. left C. waved D. greeted
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. thanked感谢； B. left 离开； C. waved挥手； D. greeted问候。根据上文可知他帮助了“我”。“我”感谢他，然后我们就分开了，各走各的路，故选A。
10. A. umbrella B. appearance C. address D. name
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. umbrella伞； B. appearance出现；C. address地址； D. name名字。根据may not even recognise him now.我没有得到他的名字，到现在我还不认识他，故选D。
11. A. obviously B. accidently C. really D. purposely
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词及上下文语境的理解。A. obviously显然地； B. accidently意外地； C. really真的； D. purposely故意地。根据I’ll never know可知他故意为了“我”而停下来的，故选D。
12. A. watched B. noticed C. searched D. heard
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. watched观看； B. noticed注意到；C. searched搜查； D. heard听见。当“我”注意到两个印度的建筑工人在雨中工作时，是在“我”的家里，故选B。
13. A. equipment B. stage C. object D. site
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. equipment设备； B. stage舞台； C. object 物体； D. site工地，地点。在“我”家的附近，他们可能在去工地的途中，故选D。
14. A. keep B. carry C. have D. return
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. keep保持； B. carry 携带； C. have 有；D.return归还。“我”告诉他们他们应该带着雨伞，并且把伞留给他们，故选A。
15. A. passer-by B. stranger C. man D. woman
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. passer-by过路人； B. stranger 陌生人； C. man 男士； D. woman妇女。他们是非常感激并且像我这样也许纳闷为什么陌生人会提供这么善意的帮助，故选B。
三、阅读理解
A、1. B 2. A 3. C
B、
1.A 2.C 3.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文为我们介绍了咖啡豆。通过一个牧羊人的故事为我们讲述了咖啡豆名字的起源及其产地和作用。
1.理解题。从第一段中“Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake”中可以看出咖啡豆的作用是使人变得清醒，故选A。
2.细节理解题。从文中第二段中“Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way.”可以看出吃了这种植物后，一些羊开始以很奇怪的方式的跳上跳下，故选C。
3.细节理解题。从最后一段第一句“The green bean got the name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa.”可知，这种青豆开始叫“Kaffa”后来变为“咖啡”是因为它是在非洲一个叫Kaffa的地方被发现的，故选C。
考点：事物说明类阅读
C
1、解析： 从第二段最后一句话可知，当地震发生时，作者正开车行驶在一条像桥一样的路的下面。这条路塌了下来，砸在了他的车上。
答案： D
2、解析： feel是系动词，后面跟有表语，我们知道当tire成tiring和tired时，才起到形容词的作用。
答案： C
3、解析： 从短文的内容可知，作者在接他女儿之前发生了地震。因此，在地震发生时，他并没有和他女儿在一起。又从最后一段可知，他被救出时，已经到了第二天上午。因此，也不是在那位陌生人一看到他就把他救了出来。再从他被砸在路下面后不久，他就记起了所发生的事，所以，他并没有吓得什么也想不起来。只有他的腿和脚被严重砸伤是真实的。
答案： B
4、解析： 通读全文，我们可知，正确的顺序是：作者下班后，先去了邮局，又把车停在一家商店前，下车买了一些水果。在接他女儿的路上他感觉他的车子晃动，上面的公路塌了下来，将他砸在了路下面。他感觉自己处在黑暗之中，一位陌生人发现了他，第二天上午他被救了出来。
答案： A
5、解析： 通过短文我们可以确切地知道作者是一位女孩的父亲，而无法确定作者是一位学校的教师，一家商店的经理或一家邮局的工人。
答案： C。
四、七选五
1—5、EBDAC
五、短文改错
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn’ t
learning However
understand “real music”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we
from
started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day
start both
on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the
which
guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such
a long time∧choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the
to models
most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.
Important
【附】单元重点知识点
I. 重点单词和词组
P. 9
Words: province, clarify, link
Phrases: consist of, divide…into…
P.10
Words: accomplish, conflict, unwilling, convenience, attract, enjoyable
Phrases: refer to, be joined to, break away from, to one’s credit, be known as, sets of,
P.11
Words: invade
Phrases: make up, speak of, separate from, leave out, work out
P.12
Words: unwilling, opportunity, furnished, possibility, alike
Phrases: become familiar with, take the place of
P.13
Words: complain, arrange, fold
Phrases: of one’s own, break down,
P.14
Words: delight, available, solid, remain, combine, expand, splendid, set,
Phrases: worry about, make a list of, to one surprise, on occasions, in memory of, ring out, leave…for
P.15
Words: royal, pardon
Phrases: make a list of, comment on
P.16
Words: error, tense, consistent, tell
Phrases: instead of, swap with, at one time, afford to do
II. 重点句型
见表1.1.7
III. 重点语法
过去分词做宾语补足语：掌握过去分词的概念意义，以及和现在分词的区别；另外要理解宾语补足语的概念，熟练掌握过去分词做宾语补足语是判断宾语和宾补之间是被动关系的时候。
Unit Two The United Kingdom
一、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top__1__(attract)．
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not－for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I__2__(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be__3__(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back__4__my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s，__5__I was the first Western TV reporter__6__(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include__7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by__8__(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few__9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，__10__other is with mum—she never suspects.
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给出的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
My friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel when it started to pour 1 . When it became lighter, I decided to get my car, which was 2 at my office three streets away.
My friends argued that I shouldn’t go, mainly because I was seven months pregnant then. I assured them that I’d be very 3 .
I walked out of the 4 and started making my way to the car. At the traffic junction, a van stopped and the passenger got off with an umbrella. Before I knew what was happening, he walked right beside me and told me he’d escort(护送) me to my 5 . I was very embarrassed and declined(辞谢), but he was very 6 .
During our 7 , he kept telling me to walk slower, as the ground was 8 . When we got to the car park, I 9 him and we parted ways. I did not get his 10 and may not even recognise him now. Did he 11 stop for me? I’ll never know.
So how did I pay it forward? I was at home when I 12 two Indian construction workers walking in the heavy rain. They were probably on their way to the construction 13 near my estate, which was a long walk in. I went out and passed them an umbrella. I told them they should take the umbrella and 14 it. They were very grateful and like me, probably wondered why a 15 was offering such kindness.
三、阅读理解
A
【2016北京高考真题】A
阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
December 15, 2014
Dear Alfred，
I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.
Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.
However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.
While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.
Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose.
Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors.
Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.
This is why you’re saving my life.
Yours,
Tanis
1. why did’t Tanis go to college after high school?
A.She had learned enough about computer science
B. She had more difficulty keeping foucesed
C.She preferred taking online courses
D.She was too slow to learn
2. As for the working environment,Tains prefers____.
A .working by herself
B.dealing with the public
C.competing against others
D.staying with ADHD students
3.Tanis wrote this letter in order to_____.
A.explain why she was interested in the computer
B.share the ideas she had for her profession
C .show how grateful she was to the center
D.describe the courses she had taken so far
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
Coffee is one of the most popular drinks throughout the world today. In fact, according to some estimates, over 30% of all adults in the world drink coffee at least once a day on the average. Coffee contains a kind of drug called caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical that stimulates (刺激) the nerves of the body. Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake―at least for a short time―because of this stimulating effect on the nervous system. A cup of coffee has, on the average, about 3% caffeine in it.
One story of the discovery of the coffee plant relates to this effect of caffeine. According to the story, coffee was discovered in East Africa. The story says that coffee was first found by a goat farmer named Kaldi. This was about the year 850. Kaldi was leading his animals through the mountains and the goats were stopping repeatedly to eat the plants near the path. Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way. Kaldi figured out that the goats were acting this way because of the plants they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some of the green beans (豆荚) that the goats had been eating. He, too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans. Kaldi wanted to prove what had happened, so he picked some of the beans and took them back to the village, where he told his story.
The green bean got the name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa. Then for years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa beans when they were in the mountains and needed extra energy to do their work. It was later found that the coffee beans could be picked and then dried until they turned brown, and then they could be stored. If the beans were dried and stored, they could be used at any time.
1.What is the purpose of drinking coffee?
A. To become more awake. B. To become more healthy.
C. To become more happy. D. To become more clever.
2.How did the goats react after eating the plants?
A. They fell asleep. B. They could not find their way home.
C. They started jumping up and down. D. They wanted to eat more.
3.Why did the green bean get the name "Kaffa"?
A. Because Kaldi loved his home village very much.
B. Because Kaldi's goats loved the green bean very much.
C. Because the beans were discovered in a place by this name.
D. Because the beans could be picked and dried.
C
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place.The time was about 5 o’clock in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school.Our plan was to go swimming together.I had finished my work at 4 o’clock and then gone to the Post Office.Then I stopped off at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit.We liked to have some fruit to eat after our swim.
I was driving along a high road on my way to my daughter’s school.Over my road was another road which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way.I was hungry so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side.Then my car started to shake！I didn’t know what was happening.Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car.I drove a little more slowly and then I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the car in front of me.
I found myself in the dark.I couldn’t move.The bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them.All around me was quiet.But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise.Then I memorized (记起) what had happened.I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody came.Luckily I could reach the bag of apples，so at least I had plenty to eat.Then I heard people climbing towards me.A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road.I called out，“I’m here！” I heard a shout.Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the road near my car.“How are you doing？” he asked.
“Not too bad，” I said，“But my feet and legs feel as if they’re broken.”“We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can.” They didn’t get me out until the next morning.I had been in my car for fourteen hours.
1．When the earthquake took place，the writer was________.
A．on his way to the Post Office B．stopping off at a shop
C．doing some shopping D．under a road built like a bridge
2．The writer’s car began to move from side to side because________.
A．there was something wrong with his car
B．he ate apples as he drove
C．an earthquake began to happen
D．he drove too fast
3．Which of the following is True according to the passage?
A．When the earthquake happened，the writer was with his daughter together.
B．The writer’s legs and feet were badly wounded in the earthquake.
C．The writer was saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road.
D．The writer was so frightened that he forgot everything that happened around him.
4．Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the writer?
a—A stranger climbed to the side of road near his car and asked how he was going.
b—The writer finished his work.
c—He felt his car shaking on his way to his daughter’s school.
d—He bought some fresh fruit in a shop.
e—He was saved the next morning.
f—The writer found himself in the dark.
g—He went to the Post Office.
A．b，g，d，c，f，a，e B．b，d，c，g，f，a，e
C．d，b，c，f，g，a，e D．c，a，f，g，b，d，e
5．From the passage we’re sure that the writer was________.
A．a teacher of a school B．a manager of a shop
C．a father of a girl D．a worker of a Post Office
四、七选五
（2016打开模拟选编）下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第1～5题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A．Try different new things.
B．Avoid “black and white thinking”．
C．Associate with optimistic people.
D.Make a plan to stop thinking negatively.
E．Understand the benefits of staying positive.
F．Adopt the motto “everything happens for a reason”．
Develop a positive attitude towards life
When you are going through a challenging time，people will just instruct you to think positively.More often than not，thinking positively proves a strategy for interpreting everything that happens to you in a useful，constructive way.If you want to know how to think more positively，just follow these tips.
1．________Choosing to think more positively will not only help you take control of your life and make your everyday experiences more pleasant，but it will have countless benefits on your mental and physical health as well as your ability to deal with change.Being aware of these benefits can help you be even more motivated to think positively on a regular basis.One of the most important benefits of positive thinking is that you are more likely to have better coping skills during times of stress.
2．________Don't think everything you are faced with either is or it isn't.In fact，there is what we call the shades of gray in life.Therefore，if something doesn't turn out the way you want it to，make a list of all of the outcomes in between to see that things aren't as serious as they seem.For example，if you get a late start on a paper and think you shouldn't bother because you won't finish it in time，consider the other possibilities.You could finish half the paper and still get a better grade than if you don't turn it in.
3．________That means deciding to overcome the negativity that is going on around you—and there will always be plenty of it.Think of what you can do today that is good for you and others.Decide how you will react in ways that will make a difference to your life.Don't let other people ruin your plan.People will often make things seem more important or worrisome than they really are.Making a plan to be more positive will already be a move in the right direction.This will help you to stay positive because you will feel a greater sense of control over your life and your choices.
4．________Experiencing a wide variety of life will do wonders.Stepping out of your comfort zone can often take you by surprise and knock those negative thoughts or black and white thoughts right back into their cave.Something as simple as trying a new food in a restaurant can lead to the discovery of new tastes and different feelings，along with the release of negative impressions.Visiting a new town，city，or country and see how other people view the world can help put a positive spin on your life.
5．________Optimism is infectious.If you want to be infected by optimism，you should spend time with people who can provide something of value.Look for the positives in other people too—finding what is good in people.Learn to praise people around you.Connect with people who have many passions and want to share them with you.Avoid seeing anyone with a negative outlook，unless you really care about that person and want to change their thoughts.If you tend to think negatively，you'll be falling into a trap.
五、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两赴，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin．Therefore, I couldn't understand "real music"．After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool．l will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store． There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed．He became my the first guitar teacher．It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model．Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.
【参考答案】
一、语法填空
【语篇导读】 成都有许多百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和诱人的宾馆，但作者最喜欢的是“国宝”——大熊猫。
1．attraction [考查名词的用法。空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名词形式。]
2．was allowed [考查动词时态。根据语境及allow sb to do sth这一固定句式可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。]
3．officially [考查副词的用法。修饰谓语动词应当用副词形式。]
4．to [考查固定短语。go back to为固定短语，意思是“回到，追溯到”。]
5．when [考查副词的用法。由句子结构可以判断这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示时间的in the mid－1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填写关系副词when。]
6．permitted [考查定语从句关系副词的用法。因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。]
7．introducing [考查动名词的用法。由句子结构可知，introduce作谓语动词include的宾语。而British visitors是introduce这一动作的承受者。故用动名词形式。]
8．its [考查物主代词的用法。根据空格后的名词及前文中的a lively three－month－old twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。]
9．days [考查名词复数。few用来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。]
10．the [考查固定搭配中冠词的用法。由前文中的关键词twin, one可知这里考查one...the other...(一个……另一个……)的用法。故答案为the。]
二、完形填空
文章大意:这篇文章讲述的是作者在下雨天得到陌生人的帮助，她深受感动，想把这样的好事继续传递下去。
1. A. hardly B. slightly C. heavily D. slowly
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词及上下文语境的理解。A. hardly几乎不； B. slightly轻微地；C. heavily沉重地； D. slowly慢慢地。根据it started to pour可知雨下的大用heavily；“我”和“我”的朋友刚在旅馆吃完午饭这时天突然下起了大雨，故选C。
2. A. parked B. locked C. broken D. repaired
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. parked停车； B. locked锁门； C. broken打断； D. repaired修理。根据I decided to get my car可知车停在某个地方。当雨小点的时候，“我”决定去取车，车就在离办公室三条街的地方，故选A。
3. A. successful B. careful C. joyful D. stressful
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词及上下文语境的理解。A. successful成功的； B. careful小心，仔细的； C. joyful令人高兴的； D. stressful紧张的，有压力的。根据I was seven months pregnant then可知“我”想他们保证我会很小心的，故选B。
4. A. storm B. garage C. office D. hotel
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. storm风暴； B. garage 车库； C. office办公室； D. hotel旅馆。根据上文I had just finished lunch at a hotel可知我走出旅馆，开始向车走去，故选D。
5. A. destination B. home C. office D. company
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. destination 目的地； B. home家； C. office 办公室； D. company公司。因为乘客当时不知我去什么地方。在我知道什么事情发生之前，他直接走到我身边，并且告诉我他要护送“我”到达目的地，故选A。
6. A. cautious B. diligent C. persistent D. reluctant
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词及上下文语境的理解。A. cautious谨慎的； B. diligent勤奋的； C. persistent固执的，坚持的； D. reluctant勉强的。根据he kept telling me to walk slower可知“我”很尴尬并且辞谢他但是他很固执，故选C。
7. A. talk B. trip C. walk D. work
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. talk谈话； B. trip旅行； C. walk步行； D. work工作。根据When we got to the car park,可知在我们走的过程中他不断地告诉“我”要走慢一点，故选C。
8. A. rough B. wet C. messy D. dirty
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词及上下文语境的理解。A. rough艰苦； B. wet湿的； C. messy 凌乱的； D. dirty脏的。根据常识可知下雨，路面很湿。故选B。
9. A. thanked B. left C. waved D. greeted
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. thanked感谢； B. left 离开； C. waved挥手； D. greeted问候。根据上文可知他帮助了“我”。“我”感谢他，然后我们就分开了，各走各的路，故选A。
10. A. umbrella B. appearance C. address D. name
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. umbrella伞； B. appearance出现；C. address地址； D. name名字。根据may not even recognise him now.我没有得到他的名字，到现在我还不认识他，故选D。
11. A. obviously B. accidently C. really D. purposely
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词及上下文语境的理解。A. obviously显然地； B. accidently意外地； C. really真的； D. purposely故意地。根据I’ll never know可知他故意为了“我”而停下来的，故选D。
12. A. watched B. noticed C. searched D. heard
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. watched观看； B. noticed注意到；C. searched搜查； D. heard听见。当“我”注意到两个印度的建筑工人在雨中工作时，是在“我”的家里，故选B。
13. A. equipment B. stage C. object D. site
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. equipment设备； B. stage舞台； C. object 物体； D. site工地，地点。在“我”家的附近，他们可能在去工地的途中，故选D。
14. A. keep B. carry C. have D. return
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文语境的理解。A. keep保持； B. carry 携带； C. have 有；D.return归还。“我”告诉他们他们应该带着雨伞，并且把伞留给他们，故选A。
15. A. passer-by B. stranger C. man D. woman
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词及上下文语境的理解。A. passer-by过路人； B. stranger 陌生人； C. man 男士； D. woman妇女。他们是非常感激并且像我这样也许纳闷为什么陌生人会提供这么善意的帮助，故选B。
三、阅读理解
A、1. B 2. A 3. C
B、
1.A 2.C 3.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文为我们介绍了咖啡豆。通过一个牧羊人的故事为我们讲述了咖啡豆名字的起源及其产地和作用。
1.理解题。从第一段中“Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake”中可以看出咖啡豆的作用是使人变得清醒，故选A。
2.细节理解题。从文中第二段中“Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way.”可以看出吃了这种植物后，一些羊开始以很奇怪的方式的跳上跳下，故选C。
3.细节理解题。从最后一段第一句“The green bean got the name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa.”可知，这种青豆开始叫“Kaffa”后来变为“咖啡”是因为它是在非洲一个叫Kaffa的地方被发现的，故选C。
考点：事物说明类阅读
C
1、解析： 从第二段最后一句话可知，当地震发生时，作者正开车行驶在一条像桥一样的路的下面。这条路塌了下来，砸在了他的车上。
答案： D
2、解析： feel是系动词，后面跟有表语，我们知道当tire成tiring和tired时，才起到形容词的作用。
答案： C
3、解析： 从短文的内容可知，作者在接他女儿之前发生了地震。因此，在地震发生时，他并没有和他女儿在一起。又从最后一段可知，他被救出时，已经到了第二天上午。因此，也不是在那位陌生人一看到他就把他救了出来。再从他被砸在路下面后不久，他就记起了所发生的事，所以，他并没有吓得什么也想不起来。只有他的腿和脚被严重砸伤是真实的。
答案： B
4、解析： 通读全文，我们可知，正确的顺序是：作者下班后，先去了邮局，又把车停在一家商店前，下车买了一些水果。在接他女儿的路上他感觉他的车子晃动，上面的公路塌了下来，将他砸在了路下面。他感觉自己处在黑暗之中，一位陌生人发现了他，第二天上午他被救了出来。
答案： A
5、解析： 通过短文我们可以确切地知道作者是一位女孩的父亲，而无法确定作者是一位学校的教师，一家商店的经理或一家邮局的工人。
答案： C。
四、七选五
1—5、EBDAC
五、短文改错
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn’ t
learning However
understand “real music”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we
from
started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day
start both
on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the
which
guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such
a long time∧choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the
to models
most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.
Important
【附】单元重点知识点
I. 重点单词和词组
P. 9
Words: province, clarify, link
Phrases: consist of, divide…into…
P.10
Words: accomplish, conflict, unwilling, convenience, attract, enjoyable
Phrases: refer to, be joined to, break away from, to one’s credit, be known as, sets of,
P.11
Words: invade
Phrases: make up, speak of, separate from, leave out, work out
P.12
Words: unwilling, opportunity, furnished, possibility, alike
Phrases: become familiar with, take the place of
P.13
Words: complain, arrange, fold
Phrases: of one’s own, break down,
P.14
Words: delight, available, solid, remain, combine, expand, splendid, set,
Phrases: worry about, make a list of, to one surprise, on occasions, in memory of, ring out, leave…for
P.15
Words: royal, pardon
Phrases: make a list of, comment on
P.16
Words: error, tense, consistent, tell
Phrases: instead of, swap with, at one time, afford to do
II. 重点句型
见表1.1.7
III. 重点语法
过去分词做宾语补足语：掌握过去分词的概念意义，以及和现在分词的区别；另外要理解宾语补足语的概念，熟练掌握过去分词做宾语补足语是判断宾语和宾补之间是被动关系的时候。