考点跟踪突破26 动词和动词短语
1．—There are dark clouds，and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It __C__ that a typhoon is coming.
A．feels B．sounds C．seems D．looks
2．Their football team was __B__ in that important game.(2016，威海)
A．won B．beaten C．failed
3．Don't __B__ the chance when you can catch it，or you will regret.(2016，孝感)
A．guess B．miss C．remember D．allow
4．—It will __A__ only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi by high-speed railway.
—Wow，how exciting！I can't wait.
A．take B．spend C．cost
5．I like the dress very much.It __A__ comfortable.
A．feels B．tastes C．sounds D．smells
6．—How long can I __C__ this book?
—Five days.But you must return it on time.
(导学号：38122150)(2016，铜仁)
A．borrow B．lend C．keep D．kept
7．Mary，I __B__ John of his promise to help you.
A．told B．reminded C．warned D．advised
8．—Her father tried to __B__ that nothing unusual had happened.
—In fact，it was not serious.
(导学号：38122151)(2016，武汉)
A．imagine B．pretend C．mean D．warm
9．My parents said they would come to visit me.I couldn't __A__ to see them after several months away from home.(2016，河南)
A．wait B．help C．expect D．afford
10．The school sports meeting will be __C__ because of the heavy rain.
(导学号：38122152)(2016，永州)
A．put up B．put on C．put off
11．We teenagers should __C__ the old and offer our seats to them on buses.(2016，泉州)
A．laugh at B．depend on
C．care for
12．Bob is taking the desks away because they __C__ too much room.
A．stand up B．pick up
C．take up D．listen up
13．You should __B__ smoking.It's really bad for your health.(2016，泸州)
A．put up B．give up C．get up D．set up
14．It's not the right time to argue about who should be blamed.We'd better __A__ and find a way out as soon as possible.
A．calm down B．stay up
C．give up D．look down
15．—How do you like this speech?
—I like it very much and it can __A__ me ________ to achieve my dream.(2016，西宁)
A．cheer；up B．connect；with
C．let；down D．take；up
16．Please __B__ the water when you brush your teeth.(2016，西宁)
A．turn down B．turn off
C．turn on D．turn up
17．A true friend will never __B__ from you when you're in trouble.(2016，重庆)
A．take away B．run away
C．put off D．get off
18．A notice was __D__ in order to remind the students of the changed school time.
(导学号：38122153)(2016，海定模拟)
A．sent up B．given up
C．set up D．put up
19．On my way home，I saw a granny fall down.I offered help first and then __A__ police.
(导学号：38122154)(2016，东营)
A．called up B．cared for
C．cheered up D．found out
20．—Oh，my god.I __C__ 2kg this month.
—Don't worry.It's normal for a growing teenage girl.(2016，襄阳)
A．put up B．put off
C．put on D．put down
21．—To save energy，we should __B__ the electricity when we don't use it.
—I agree，you are really a greener person.
(导学号：38122155)(2016，咸宁)
A．shut up B．shut off
C．take away D．take off
22．—The fire __A__ at around 3 a．m. local time when people were celebrating with fireworks.
—I'm sorry to hear it.
(导学号：38122156)(2016，连云港)
A．broke out B．ran out
C．went out D．put out
23．—I'm so tired after the long journey that I want to go to bed at once.(2016，襄阳)
—You'd better __D__ first and then have a rest.
A．take a walk B．take a message
C．take a break D．take a shower
24．—What's wrong with Judy？She has been absent for two days.(2016，泉州)
—Oh，she __A__ be ill.Let's go to ask Mr. Green.
A．may B．need C．would
25．—Sorry，Miss Liu.I left my workbook at home.Must I hand it in today?
—No，you __D__．You ________ bring it here tomorrow.
(导学号：38122157)(2016，黄石)
A．mustn't；should B．can't；must
C．mustn't；may D．needn't；can
26．The girl in the classroom __C__ be Sarah.She has gone to the library.(2016，烟台)
A．may B．must C．can't D．needn't
27．—Could I smoke here?
—Sorry，I am afraid you __C__．Look at the sign “No smoking”！(2016，泰州)
A．couldn't B．needn't C．can't D．won't
28．—Must we finish the work today？(2016，重庆A)
—__C__．We have something else to do tomorrow.
A．Yes，we can B．No，we can't
C．Yes，we must D．No，we needn't
29．—Mom，__D__ I visit the art museum next Monday?
—I'm afraid you can't.All museums in the city are closed on Monday.(2016，广东)
A．would B．need C．should D．may
30．—Finally，they came back.(2016，长沙)
—They __B__ be hungry after such a long walk.
A．can't B．must C．needn't
31．—Must I wait here all morning？I have a lot of work to do.(2016，威海)
—No，you __C__．You may be back in the afternoon.
A．mustn't B．can't C．don't have to
32．You __D__ take me to the station.My brother's taking me.(2016，江西)
A．can't B．mustn't
C．shouldn't D．don't have to
33．—Where are you going this month?
—We __B__ go to Xiamen，but we're not sure.(2016，呼和浩特)
A．needn't B．might C．must D．mustn't
34．—I still haven't found my pet dog.(2016，武汉)
—I'm sorry to hear that.You __C__ be very sad.
A．can B．should C．must D．will
35．—Let's go climbing，shall we?
—You __C__ be joking！Don't you know I'm afraid of high places?
A．may B．can C．must D．should
36．Children __D__ sit in the front seat of a car.It's too dangerous.
A．need B．needn't C．must D．mustn't
37．It's helpful to __C__ a good habit of reading in language learning.
A．take B．show C．develop D．match
38．—Show me your homework，Dave.
—Sorry，Mrs. Brown.I've __A__ it at home.
(导学号：38122158)(2017，预测)
A．left B．missed C．forgotten D．lost
39．—I don't know your friend.Can you __B__ her to me?
—Yes，of course.(2016，昆明模拟)
A．lead B．introduce C．meet D．explain
40．—Why are you so happy?
—My parents have __B__ to buy me a new computer as my birthday gift.
A．expressed B．promised
C．realized D．improved
41．When you visit a museum，you should __B__ the rules and don't be against them.
A．compare with B．pay attention to
C．look up to D．try out
42．—What's wrong with you，Eric？You look tired.
—I __C__ to prepare for the final exam last night.(2016，海南模拟)
A．picked up B．woke up
C．stayed up D．put up
43．—I'm __D__ the trip which we can go whenever we want to go.
—You'll take me，and I'll take the money.
(导学号：38122159)(2016，黄石模拟)
A．taking part in B．taking care of
C．looking back at D．looking forward to
44．—What should we do for the disabled children in the Children's Home?
—You're supposed to __C__ a study group to help them.(2016，陕西模拟)
A．take up B．fix up C．set up D．stay up
45．—You say you are short of money.Why not sell your old gold watch for some money?
—Oh，I can't，because it was a gift from my wife.I promised her I would never __D__ it.
A．care about B．look after
C．stick to D．part with
46．—I hope to be a volunteer on weekends.
—You could help to __D__ the city parks.
A．cheer up B．make up C．take up D．clean up
课件27张PPT。专题五 动词和动词短语动词与动词短语是中考考查的重点之一。在语境中考查考生对基础知识的掌握程度越来越受到重视。考查的范围有：行为动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词或动词及动词短语的辨析。
大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。
1．第三人称单数形式的构成
①一般现在时中主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加-s或-es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同。②不规则变化的有have—has等。2．现在分词的构成3.过去式和过去分词的构成
①规则变化②不规则变化需单独记忆。高频考向一 实义动词词义辨析
实义动词：本身有词义，能独立作谓语，根据后面是否带宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1．及物动词
及物动词后面要跟宾语才能使句意完整。如love，need，want等。它主要用于三种句型中：
①动词＋宾语 如：
I bought some books yesterday.我昨天买了一些书。(bought后有宾语books，为及物动词)
②动词＋宾语＋宾补
③动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语2．不及物动词
①不及物动词本身有完整的意思，后不需接宾语。如：
He always studies hard.他一直努力学习。(study后无宾语，为不及物动词)
②若不及物动词需要带宾语，其后需加适当的介词，才可以跟宾语。
③有的动词既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。如：
She sings very well.她唱得很好。(sing是不及物动词)
She sang an English song just now.她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)【例1】 Don't ________ the chance when you can catch it，or you will regret.(2016，孝感)
A．guess B．miss C．remember D．allow
解析：由语境可知句意为“当你可以抓住机会的时候，不要错过，否则你会后悔的”。guess“猜”；miss“错过”；remember“记住”；allow“允许”。
答案：____
【例2】 It was such a long way that they didn't ________ the hotel until it became dark.(2015，哈尔滨)
A．reach B．arrive C．get
解析：reach为及物动词；arrive为不及物动词，后接介词at或in构成及物动词短语；get后接介词to构成及物动词短语。由空格后的the hotel可知，此处应用及物动词。
答案：____BA【例3】 —How is George now?
—I hear the manager ________ him a good job，but he refused it.(2016，泰安)
A．showed B．offered C．passed D．paid
解析：show意为“出示；指给……看”；offer意为“主动提供”；pass意为“通过”；pay意为“付款”。由but he refused it(但他拒绝了)可知，前一句句意为“我听说经理给他提供了一份不错的工作”。
答案：____B高频考向二 系动词和助动词的用法
1．系动词
本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，须与表语一起构成谓语。用来表示主语状态的系动词只有be(am，is，are，was，were)；用来表示主语继续或保持一种状态或态度的系动词有keep，stay，remain，stand等；表象系动词有look，seem，appear等；表示人的感觉的系动词有feel，smell，sound，taste等；表变化的系动词有become，get，grow，turn等。
2．助动词
本身无意义或意义不完整，不能独立用作谓语。它须与别的动词连用，帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等。常用助动词有be，have，has，had，do，does，did，will和shall等。【例4】When spring comes，trees begin to ________ green.(2016，重庆)
A．sound B．taste C．keep D．turn
解析：sound意为“听起来”；taste意为“尝起来”；keep意为“保持”；turn意为“变得”。由上文“当春天来临时”可推知，树开始“变”绿了。
答案：____
【例5】 The air ________ fresh after the rain.And the sky is blue.(2016，河北)
A．feels B．tastes C．smells D．sounds
解析：feel意为“摸起来”；taste意为“有……味道”；smell意为“有……气味，发出……气味”；sound意为“听起来”。结合常理及逻辑可知，下雨后空气应是闻起来新鲜，即有新鲜的气味。
答案：____DC【例6】—Do you like watching TV?
—No，but my brother________.
A．does B．do C．is D．likes
解析：通常我们用助动词替代上文提到的动词，以避免重复。my brother为第三人称单数，故“does”符合题意。
答案：____A高频考向三 情态动词的用法
情态动词有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的情绪、态度和语气。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
1．can(could)
①表能力，could为can的过去时。can与be able to的意义基本相同。但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而be able to能用于各种时态。
②表可能性。
③表许可。口语中可代替may。
④can't表有把握的否定判断，意为“不可能”。
could在口语中，常代替can来向对方比较委婉客气地提出请求或表示看法。此时could不表示过去时。2．may(might)
①用来征求对方意见，意为“可以”。口语性较强。might可以指过去时间；也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。
②表猜测和对可能性的判断，意为“可能；也许”。might可以指过去时间；也可指现在时间，语气更加不肯定。
3．must
①表说话人的主观意志，意为“必须，应该”。无时态变化。其否定答语常用needn't或don't have to，意为“不必”。
【注意】have to意为“不得不；必须”，主要强调受到外界客观因素的迫使。它可用于多种时态，且有人称和数的变化。
②must的否定形式为mustn't，意为“不许；一定不要”，表示禁止和告诫。
③表示对事物的推测，意为“想必；一定”，只用于肯定句。且比may的语气要肯定得多。4．would
作情态动词时，无人称限制，表意愿，常与like，love连用。
5．should
①表义务。意为“应该”(某件事宜于做)，用于各种人称。
②表推测，意为“想必一定；照说应该；估计”等。【例7】 —Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books.
—That's too bad.Everyone ________ be a book lover.Reading is more enjoyable.(2016，山西)
A．may B．should C．would
解析：考查情态动词。句意为“每个人应该成为读书爱好者。”may“可能”，would“将要”，均不符合。
答案：____
【例8】—What does Justin Bieber's song Never Say Never impress you most?
—It tells us that we ________ do almost anything if we never give up.(2016，苏州)
A．can B．have to C．should D．need
解析：考查情态动词。can“可以；能够”；have to“不得不”；should“应该”；need“需要”。答句句意为“它告诉我们，如果我们不放弃，我们就能做任何事情。”
答案：____BA【例9】—Do you have any plans for this Sunday?
—I'm not sure.I ________ go to the countryside to see my grandmother.
A．can B．must C．may D．need
解析：由答语中关键信息“not sure(不确定)”可推测出，后面一句所谈的活动安排只是一种可能。故选C。
答案：____
【例10】 —Must I do the dishes now?
—No，you ________.(2016，新疆)
A．mustn't B．needn't C．may not D．can't
解析：以must引导的疑问句，其否定回答用needn't，意为“没必要”。
答案：____CB【例11】—What should we do to protect the fish in the river?
—We ________ throw rubbish into the river.(2016，沈阳)
A．need B．needn't C．must D．mustn't
解析：need意为“需要”；needn't意为“不必”；must意为“必须”；mustn't意为“不允许；禁止”。由问句句意“我们应该做什么来保护河里的鱼？”可知，答语意为“我们一定不能向河里扔垃圾。”
答案：____D高频考向四 动词短语
动词短语指动词跟一个或两个介词或副词构成的固定短语。其意义与原来动词的意思不同。
1．动词短语的分类：
①动词＋介词
arrive in(at)，ask for，begin with，be from，come from，get to，laugh at，look for，send for，wait for
②及物动词＋副词
find out，give up，look up (查找)，put on，pick up，ring up，take off (脱下)，take away，turn on，turn off，think over，cut off
③不及物动词＋副词
get up，go on，grow up，set off，stand up，take off(起飞)【例12】We need to do some research to ________ the answer.(2016，河北)
A．find out B．look out C．hand out D．take out
解析：find out意为“查出”；look out意为“小心”；hand out意为“分发”；take out意为“取出”。句意为“我们需要做一些调查才能发现答案”。
答案：____
【例13】—You aren't supposed to smoke in public.It's bad for our health.(2016，黄冈)
—Sorry，I will ________ my cigarette right now.
A．give up B．put down C．put out D．give away
解析：give up意为“放弃”；put down意为“放下，记下”；put out意为“扑灭；熄灭”；give away意为“赠送”。根据第一个人说的“你不应该在公共场所吸烟，它对我们的健康不利”可推知，第二个人应表示抱歉并要把烟“熄灭”。
答案：____AC【例14】Many teenagers ________ the old and they often offer their seats to them on buses.(2016，孝感)
A．depend on B．care for
C．laugh at D．listen to
解析：由后半句“他们经常在公车上给这些人让座”可知，前半句句意应为“许多青少年关心老人”。depend on“依靠”；care for“关心”；laugh at“嘲笑”；listen to“听”。
答案：____B【例15】Don't worry！I'm sure you'll ______ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them.(2016，呼和浩特)
A．catch up with B．be pleased with
C．get on well with D．agree with
解析：A项意为“赶上”；B项意为“对……满意”；C项意为“和……相处融洽”；D项意为“同意”。下文文意“如果你对他们善良、友好”可知，前面表示“我确信你会与你的同班同学相处融洽”。
答案：____C
