(共34张PPT)
题型二 读后续写
第4讲 升格篇——掌握升级策略
(2023·浙江1月卷)
高考真题
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention， so I entered it. It was a hummingbird(蜂鸟)， desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider－webs(蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up.
With the bird in my cupped hand， I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside， closing the door securely behind me.
When I opened my hand， the bird did not fly away； she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider－webs that covered her head and wings. Still， she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired？ Or too thirsty？
As I carried her up the blackberry－lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle， she began to move. I stopped， and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering(悬停)， she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment， this tiny creature looked into my eyes， turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight.
During the cookout， I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing， my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes， then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment， all were speechless. Then someone said， “She must have come to say good－bye.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
A few weeks later， I went to the farm again.
I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.
[参考范文]
A few weeks later， I went to the farm again. As my car neared it， my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from spider－webs. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house， I couldn’t help wondering how she was getting on now. Had she managed to find her way back home， or was she still out there somewhere struggling to survive？
I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me， and her beady eyes were on mine as if trying to convey some deep and unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature， and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away.
一、升级亮眼词汇
1. 笼统词→具体词
He laid his fishing pole down and walked， moving toward me at a snail’s pace.
→He laid his fishing pole down and dragged his feet， moving toward me at a snail’s pace.
2. 简单词→高级词
On arriving at Clearwater， Katrina wanted to see Winter， the lovely dolphin that comforted her and improved her mood.
→On arriving at Clearwater， Katrina couldn’t wait to see Winter， the lovely dolphin that comforted her and boosted her mood.
3. 单词→短语
He succeeded by testing out many different designs and comparing the results.
→He made it by testing out many different designs and comparing the results.
4. 运用有表现力的副词
After describing the dog to her in detail， she immediately wanted to come over.
5. 运用有表现力的介词短语
“I hope he can buy warm clothes or treat himself to a good dinner.” She added， with eyes shining excitedly.
→“I hope he can buy warm clothes or treat himself to a good dinner.” She added， with eyes shining with excitement.
二、升级满分句式
1. 无“灵”主语句，写“情”最细腻
【句式1】 “a burst/wave/sense/feeling/surge/ripple of＋表情感状态的名词＋有灵动词＋sb.”表“某人感到……”或“一阵/一种……向某人袭来”
佳句：Hearing the news， a flash of grief came upon him.
听到这个消息，他感到一阵悲伤。
【句式2】 主语(表示“身体部位、音、容、笑”的名词)＋有灵动词(短语)
佳句：My jaw dropped when I saw the size of the audience.
看到观众如此之多，我惊讶得目瞪口呆。
2. 巧用状语，写“情”更具体
【句式3】 表“情感”的介词短语，主＋谓
提示：常用的表情绪的“to one’s＋情感名词”或“in/with＋情感名词”，如with delight/anger/terror “高兴地/生气地/惊恐地”等介词短语能使情感细节描写更为具体。
佳句：They couldn’t begin the feast so， red in the face with anger， they decided to speak to the manager.
宴会无法开始，因此他们气得满脸通红，决定与经理谈话。
【句式4】 主＋谓，with one’s eyes full of＋情感名词/with tears of＋情感名词＋宾补
提示：该结构中with复合结构作伴随状语，可使动作或对话描写更生动。
佳句：To the thunderous cheers and applause， David crossed the finish line with tears of pride and excitement spilling out of his eyes.
大卫在雷鸣般的欢呼声和掌声中，两眼含着骄傲和兴奋的泪水冲过终点线。
3. “某人想到”亮人一眼
【句式5】 It suddenly hit/struck/occurred to/dawned on sb. that从句，其中that从句是真正的主语
佳句：It hit/struck/occurred to/dawned on them that they could make breakfast for Mother to celebrate Mother’s Day.
他们突然想到他们可以给妈妈做早餐庆祝母亲节。
4. 用动作链，营造画面感
【句式6】 主语＋动作A，动作B and动作C/主语＋动作A，动作B，动作C and动作D
提示：该句式中连词and连接三个或三个以上的动作，构成动作链，动词的时态是一致的。
佳句：The mother reached out a hand， held my hand and expressed her gratitude to me.
那位母亲伸出一只手，握住我的手，表达了对我的感激之情。
【句式7】 主语＋动作A and动作B，非谓语动词
提示：该句式中连词and连接两个或两个以上的动作，构成动作链。非谓语动词作状语，可置于句首或句尾。
佳句：Hearing the news， he jumped to his feet from the seat and rushed to the hospital.
听到这个消息，他从座位上跳起来，冲向医院。
5. 适当修饰，精准化描写动作
【句式8】 形容词(短语)，主＋谓……/主＋谓……，形容词(短语)
提示：形容词(短语)在句中作状语，表人物做某个动作的原因、结果或状态，可放句首或句末，增强感染力，使描述更生动形象。
佳句：Scared and shocked， she couldn’t utter a word.
她又害怕又震惊，一句话也说不出来。
【句式9】 主语＋具体动词＋副词/介词结构
提示：常用的高频副词有：cheerfully， curiously， eagerly， excitedly， firmly， joyfully， impatiently等。如在体现动作的迅速时，可添加以下修饰语：suddenly， immediately， without pausing， without delay等。
佳句：Helen spoke clearly， slowly and loudly.
海伦讲话的声音清晰、缓慢而且洪亮。
【句式10】 with＋名词/代词，主＋谓
提示：该结构常见的有：with one’s help， with＋身体部位，如with her pale lips “用她苍白的嘴唇”，with a trembling/shaking hand “用颤抖的手”等。
佳句：She said this with a completely straight face.
她说这话时竟然完全不动声色。
6. 善用修辞，才更吸睛
【句式11】 比喻
佳句：The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
【句式12】 拟人
佳句：Flying butterflies are as charming as fairies dancing.
飞来飞去的蝴蝶就像仙女跳舞那样迷人。
三、打造龙头凤尾
1. 打造高分开头妙招
(1)巧用形容词/副词(短语)
Anxious， I felt like sitting on pins and needles.
我焦虑不安，如坐针毡。
(2)巧用分词(短语)
Hearing his words， she felt relieved.
听到他的话，她感到如释重负。
(3)巧用高级句式
Full of excitement， she arrived home with a paper bag， in which there was a beautiful rose.
她满怀兴奋地带着一个纸袋回到家，里面是一朵美丽的玫瑰。
(4)巧用倒装结构
No sooner had I rushed into the house than it began to rain hard.
我刚冲进房子，天就开始下大雨。
(5)巧用强调句式
It was not until he approached the man that he found he was his neighbour.
直到走近那个人，他才发现原来是他的邻居。
2. 打造漂亮结尾方法
(1)主题升华法
①Sometimes， a small cut of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference.
有时候，一个小小的善举可能足以产生巨大的影响。
②The world makes way for the dreamer.
世界总会给有梦想的人开路。
(2)首尾呼应法
①开头：It was summer， and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
结尾：Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before. The special trip to the Wild West was deeply engraved in my mind.
②开头：A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day.
结尾：What a funny day！ Arthur couldn’t stop laughing whenever he looked back on this funny experience.
名题抢分练
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jumping Over Boundaries
When I was in elementary school， we had an annual sports day. Girls could do many things like hopscotch， rope skipping， tetherball， and dodgeball， except high jumping. Only boys could do high jumping.
That’s what I wanted to do－high jumping. So I went to the coach.
“Girls don’t do high jumping，” the coach said. “Girls have all these other things they can do.” He excitedly described how much fun it would be.
I’d been high jumping in the backyard with my five brothers for years. Although I am a girl， I did high jumping pretty well. My brothers could rarely beat me. Whenever my back crossed the bar， that feeling is extremely wonderful. I went home and told my mother what the coach had said. My mother， a small， thin woman only four feet eleven inches tall， said， “I think we should go visit him.”
“Visit who？” I asked confusedly.
“The headmaster.”
“Visit the headmaster？” I was terrified. Would I get in trouble？ Would my mother and I be crossing boundaries we shouldn’t cross？
My mom and I went to Mr White’s office. “Linda wants to do the high jump，” my mother said.
“Mrs Martinez， you don’t understand. This is the tradition of our Annual Sports Day，” he said.
“But Mr White， I don’t know where it says that girls cannot do this.”
The headmaster couldn’t find any rules that said girls couldn’t do the high jump.“I have to think about this，” he said at last.
When we got home， my mom told me something I would always remember： This wasn’t just about me. “Maybe other girls want to do this， too，” she said.
My mother waited a week， but still didn’t get the headmaster’s reply. So she walked over to the school again. “Mr White， please. I ask you this not for me and not for Linda， but let’s just see how it works.” In the end， Mr White agreed.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I stood on the field of the high jumping competition.
To my surprise， some of the cheers I got were from boys！
[参考范文]
I stood on the field of the high jumping competition. I was the only girl who attended high jumping， which made me feel a little embarrassed. But when I saw the bar I had been longing for， all the awkwardness disappeared. I was arranged the last to jump. I saw some boys failed， while some jumped over at a good height， but not higher than my ever record. Finally， it was my turn. I took a deep breath， ran up， took off， and crossed over！ As it turned out， I won the high－jumping contest.
To my surprise， some of the cheers I got were from boys！ The boys who had laughed at me for participating in high jumping were now cheering for me. The girls ran over and hugged me. I instantly became the center of attention on the entire field of competition. The headmaster personally presented me with an award. More importantly， every year in the future， the school would allow girls to participate in high jumping competitions. My mother was right－it wasn’t about me. It was about making people think about what girls could do. I jumped not only over the bar， but also over the boundary of prejudice.(共20张PPT)
题型二 读后续写
第1讲 布局篇——写作流程
(2024·新课标Ⅰ，Ⅱ卷)
高考真题
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold， wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm， my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane， I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going， but he said he hadn’t heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem， so I explained again more slowly， but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up， Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century， Gunter put his phone down and started the car.
Finally， with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully， there was a long queue(队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus， turned around， and looked at me with a big smile on his face. “We made it，” he said.
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times， but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.
At this moment， Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There， at the entrance， was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car， made a mad run for the machine， and popped my card in， only to read the message： “Out of order. Sorry.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
Four days later， when I was back in Vienna， I called Gunter as promised.
[参考范文]
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.Gunter’s eyes widened as I explained the futile attempt at the cash machine. Meanwhile， when I glanced at the gradually thinning queue in the distance， a sense of anxiety dominated my heart. It was then that an ambitious idea that I’d offer to pay the fare when I returned four days later occurred to me. Hearing my intention and realising the anxious tone in my voice， Gunter stared at me for one moment. Eventually， his serious face softened with empathy， a silent acknowledgement of my proposal.
Four days later， when I was back in Vienna， I called Gunter as promised. When he recognized my voice， his hearty laugh echoed through the phone. After exchanging warm greetings， we decided to meet at where he dropped me off last time. While seeing each other only for a second time， we instantly embraced like long－lost friends on the spot. Actually， it was out of his expectation， for he wasn’t sure if I would show up. Nevertheless， the faith in humanity convinced him of the power of trust. In my heart， never would such a good deed fade.
读后续写的写作步骤
一、精读原文，厘清关键信息
读后续写中所提供的文本通常以记叙文为主，为了获取对续写有用的关键信息，阅读文本时要紧扣5W和1H这几要素，其具体情况见下表：
要素 解读
5W when 指故事发生的时间。
where 指故事发生的地点。
who 指故事中的主人公和与其相关的人物。
what 从文本中提取出所发生的事件。
why 指事件发生的起因。
1H how 指事件发生的过程、方式等。
二、探寻原文“三条主线”，深度发掘关键信息
记叙文通常遵循时间、情节和情感变化来组织语言和行文，只有对原文的脉络线索和段落结构有正确和深刻的理解，续写的内容才能和原文骨肉相连，契合紧密。其详情如下表：
主线 解读
时间线 指故事中以时间先后顺序叙述其发展。
情节线 指按照事件发生的顺序叙述其经过。
情感线 指故事主人公随着事件情节的发展而出现的情绪变化。
三、研读提示句，确定文章框架，构思续写情节
记叙文通常采用顺叙、倒叙和插叙等手段组织故事情节的发展，无论采用哪种形式都会体现其发展的框架，这个框架有助于预测续写的走向，十分重要。其具体模式如下表：
第1步：两段首句定一框 第2步：二框二首正能量
(1)由所给的第一段首句和第二段首句确定续写部分第一段的主要内容。
(2)首：续写第一段的首句衔接第一段已给句的关键信息。
(3)中：描写故事发展过程，增加细节。
(4)尾：第一段尾句衔接第二段已给首句中的关键信息。 (1)首：续写第二段的首句衔接第二段已给句的关键信息。
(2)中：描写故事发展过程，增加细节。
(3)尾：第二段尾句由正能量的结尾来确定。可呼应原文首句，总结、感悟、点题或升华主旨。
四、捕捉可续写点，巧妙照应衔接
在已定续写框架范围内，依据情节发展，推断人物的所见、所说、所思、所做、所感，在每段合理加入5～8个多角度的细节描写，同时，衔接自然流畅，语言生动、具体。续写第一段通常是行文中的“转”或“高潮”，续写第二段是故事的圆满结局和感悟。
①所见 ②所说 ③所思 ④所做 ⑤所感
环境/人物/活动场景描写
(可借景抒情或融情于景) 简而有效的人物对话
(1～2句直接或间接引语) 内心活动描写
(直接内心独白) 具体动作(肢体动作描写) 情感＋神态细节描写
(表现人物喜怒哀乐)
五、升华词句表达，成就华美篇章
要想读后续写得高分，除了要认真审题、设计合理的情节，还要注意语言表达，如高人一筹的高级词汇，运用灵活多变的句式，恰当地运用比喻、拟人和夸张等修辞手法使语言变得鲜活、生动，增强续写的表现力，文章一定会锦上添花，吸引阅卷老师的眼球。
名题抢分练
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I spotted my neighbor， Monica， working in her garden one day when I returned home from school. It was sunny， and the smell of cut grass made me feel refreshed. I popped my head over the fence， and Monica and I got talking.
“I’ve seen you’re very good at using a lawn mower(割草机) and gardening tools，” Monica said. “There’s a hedge(树篱) growing over the pathway near here. It’s so overgrown that it becomes a headache for the passers－by. I was planning to cut it back myself. Would you like to help out？”
I loved the idea of helping Monica and our community. We agreed to cut the hedge the following Sunday. My brother Ivan， aged 10， also came along to help us. We wheeled Monica’s garbage can down to the hedge， which the community council was responsible for. All three of us cut it with shears(大剪刀) until a trouble－free pathway came in sight. Mr Brown， a wheelchair user， was grateful that he didn’t have to make a detour(绕行) any more to pass the hedge. Encouraged by his words， I suggested doing more for our community， to make it a better place.
When we first started， we just made the best of the equipment we already had in my parents’ garage. But as time went on， donations came in from the local community. Our garage got filled up quickly with brushes， gardening tools， and even donated power tools like leaf blowers. With everything ready， our first project was to beautify the small park near our houses， which looked a bit run－down. Ivan was in charge of painting the fence around， Monica cleared the lawn with a leaf blower， and I was responsible for repairing the benches where our neighbors usually sat at their leisure. After two weeks’ hard work， we felt stunned when stepping back and appreciating the clean and brand new small park. My heart swelled with pride because our efforts paid off.
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I posted photos of our hard work on our local Facebook Group.
With more neighbors joining in， we headed for the flower bed near the community center.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
[参考范文]
I posted photos of our hard work on our local Facebook Group. Shared and forwarded， the photos made a splash immediately. Hundreds of likes poured in like snowflakes after people knew the story. Someone commented that it inspired him to help the community. Thinking highly of the small park， another expressed his gratitude for our efforts to bring convenience to the residents here. With our project getting around， we felt thrilled. Many people wanted to get involved to make our community more beautiful. Then， the second project was born.
With more neighbors joining in， we headed for the flower bed near the community center. The task of this time was heavier than before. Trimming the bushes with shears， turning the soil with spades， and tidying the withered fallen leaves with leaf blowers， we put our project in full swing. Some time later， various beautiful flowers donated by our neighbors were transplanted perfectly. Seeing the brand new flower bed， I was consumed with joy， because we all devoted ourselves to making a difference to our community， making it a better place for the residents.(共25张PPT)
题型二 读后续写
第3讲 细节篇——注重细节描写
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，Ⅱ卷)
高考真题
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle school， my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil， so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play， where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So， why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail？ His reply： “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself， I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words， I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith(银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18， 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea， but funny； and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.
What did the horse think， as he sped through the night？ Did he get tired？ Have doubts？ Did he want to quit？ I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But， like Revere’s horse， I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half－dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher， he read it， laughed out loud， and said， “Great. Now， write it again.” I wrote it again， and again and again. When I finally finished it， the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win， I wouldn’t care.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
A few weeks later， when I almost forgot the contest， there came the news.
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.
[参考范文]
A few weeks later， when I almost forgot the contest， there came the news. I was informed that I won first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you’d win！ I am proud of you. You made it！” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award， I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said， “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing， my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance， I couldn’t have written this article. Again， thank you very much！”
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands， he said， “Congratulations！ You are a good writer， so you should keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before， but now I am crazy about it！ I will try my best to create good works，” I said seriously. Since then， I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.
写作时，考生要学会进行细节描写，如环境描写、人物的心理/情绪描写及动作描写等，这样会使情景更加真实，文章更加生动。
在续写的过程中，一旦涉及动作、心理活动、情绪等描写时，考生往往会出现有话写不出的情况。这就需要考生在平时多积累一些可用的素材。
一、动作描写类素材
头部动作
1. She bobbed her head nervously.她紧张地不断点头。
2. I put my head down and buried my face in my arms.我低下头，把头埋进胳膊里。
3. His head drooped and tears fell onto his lap.他耷拉着脑袋，眼泪滴落在大腿上。
胳膊及手部动作
1. She spread out her hand， and made another snatch in the air.她伸出手，又在空中抓了一下。
2. Stunned， I stood up and gave her an awkward hug/hugged her in an awkward way.我惊呆了，站起来，尴尬地抱了抱她。
3. She came out of the bushes， and hurried to Narcissus to throw her arms around his neck.她走出灌木丛，然后奔向纳西索斯，伸胳膊搂住了他的脖子。
4. Meanwhile， the officer， erect and motionless， with arms crossed， attentively followed the soldier’s steps.这时，那位军官站得笔直，一动也不动，双臂交叉，聚精会神地看着士兵的每一个动作。
腿部及脚部动作
1. I dragged my heavy legs and moved tiredly forward.我拖着沉重的双腿，疲惫前行。
2. The hound picked up the fox’s smell and started to chase after it.猎犬嗅出了狐狸的气味，便开始跟踪追赶。
3. We must quicken our steps if we don’t want to be caught in the rain.如果不想淋雨的话，我们就得加快步伐。
4. He slid to the window of the hut， raised himself on tiptoe and stole a glance.他溜到小屋的窗口，踮起脚尖，偷偷看了一眼。
感官动作
1. I heard a faint rustle in the bushes.我听到灌木丛里发出一阵轻微的窸窣声。
2. She began to hear her own nervous breathing.她开始听到自己紧张的呼吸声。
3. She was aware of a tall dark figure watching her.她发现有个高高的黑影在注视着她。
4. He was alarmed to discover that his car had been gone(“车不见”这一动作早于“发现”这一动作).他惊慌地发现自己的车不见了。
5. I can smell something burning in the kitchen.我闻到厨房里有东西烧焦了。
二、心理活动及情绪描写类素材
开心、激动
1. She felt a surge of excitement run through her.她感到一阵激动传遍全身。
2. So there he was all covered with mud， but still in a good mood.就这样他全身是泥，但仍然情绪高昂。
3. The crowd was wild with joy when he scored the final goal.当他投入最后一球得分时，人们欣喜若狂。
4. She was relieved to see his face light up with a boyish grin.看到他脸上露出孩子气的笑容，她松了一口气。
悲伤
1. There was more than a hint of sadness in his voice.他的声音中流露出了深切的悲伤。
2. His father’s face looked suddenly soft and sorrowful.他父亲的面容忽然变得柔和而悲伤。
3. The burden of grief made her in low spirits all day long.压在心头的悲伤使她整天郁郁寡欢。
4. But the minute I heard the first note of her voice， I burst into tears.可是就在我听到她唱的第一个音时，我便大哭起来。
焦虑、愤怒
1. She shook all over， feeling like sitting on pins and needles.她浑身颤抖，觉得如坐针毡。
2. I tensed as I heard about the coming test.听到关于即将到来的考试的消息，我紧张起来了。
3. She was unable to restrain her desperate anger.她无法抑制她那不顾一切的愤怒。
4. Not surprisingly， her teacher is getting irritated with her.不出所料，她的老师快被她激怒了。
恐惧、羞怯
1. I froze with terror， too scared to move an inch.我吓呆了，害怕得不敢移动一步。
2. The steam pipes rattled suddenly， and Franklin jumped with fright.蒸汽管突然发出咔哒咔哒的声音，富兰克林吓得跳了起来。
3. Her face became full of flush after her secret was revealed.她的秘密被泄露之后，她顿时面红耳赤。
4. I bow my head in shame when I think of how I treated her.一想到我曾经如何对待她的，我就会羞愧地低下头。
名题抢分练
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Day Mother Cried
Coming home from school that dark winter’s day so long ago， I was filled with anticipation. I had a new issue of my favorite sports magazine under my arm. Dad was at work， my sister was away， and Mother wouldn’t be home from her new job for an hour.
I was shocked into stillness by what I saw. Mother pulled into a tight ball with her face in her hands. She was crying. I had never seen her cry.
I approached cautiously and touched her shoulder. “Mother？” I said. “What’s happened？”
She took a long breath and managed a weak smile. “It’s nothing， really. I’m going to lose this new job. I can’t type fast enough.”
“But you’ve only been there for three days，” I said. “You’ll catch on.” I was repeating a line she had spoken to me a hundred times when I was having trouble learning or doing something important to me. She sobbed.
I felt helpless and out of place. At the age of 16 I still assumed Mother could do anything. To provide enough income for my college two years later， Mother was crazy for ways to save money.
A few months ago， Mother arrived home with an old typewriter. It skipped between certain letters. “That’s all we can afford，” Mother said. “It’s good enough to learn on.” And from that day on， immediately after dinner， Mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice. The slow tap， tap， tap went on some nights until midnight. On Monday， she got a job as a typist at a radio station. I was not surprised but she was excited. But on Tuesday Mother looked tired and worried. I didn’t care honestly.
My shock and embarrassment at finding Mother in tears on Wednesday showed how little I understood the pressures on her. Sitting beside her on the couch， I began very slowly to understand.
“I guess we all have to fail sometimes，” Mother said quietly. I could sense her pain， I reached out and put my arms around her.
A week later Mother took a job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station had offered. “It’s a job I can do，” she said simply.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
But the evening practice routine on the old green typewriter continued.
The old green typewriter sits in my office now， unrepaired.
[参考范文]
But the evening practice routine on the old green typewriter continued. Every time I passed her door at night and heard her tapping away， I knew there was something more going on in there than a woman learning to type. When I left for college two years later， Mother had an office job with better pay and more responsibility. I have to believe that in some strange way she learned as much from her moment of defeat as I did， because after graduation， when I became a newspaper reporter， she had already been a journalist with our hometown paper.
The old green typewriter sits in my office now， unrepaired. It is a souvenir. When I’m having trouble with a story and think about giving up or when I start to feel sorry for myself， I roll a piece of paper into that old machine and type， word by word painfully， just the way Mother did. What I remember then is not her failure， but her courage， the courage to go ahead. It’s the best souvenir anyone ever gave me.(共20张PPT)
题型二 读后续写
第2讲 情节篇——情节构建
(2024·浙江1月卷)
高考真题
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water. One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building. It was a six－story building. On each floor， hallways stretched in four directions， leading to classrooms， laboratories， and teachers’ offices. Somewhere in the building， there was also a library， a cafeteria， and a gym.
Having a poor sense of direction， Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about， let alone commit to memory. She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist.
In her first P. E. class， Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic. There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile. To Eva， “a mile” was used to describe long distances. It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather’s， and that always seemed like a long way， even in a car！
When Coach Pitt blew his whistle(哨子)， Eva figured she would be left in the dust. However， while some of her classmates edged ahead， others actually fell behind. “It’s just the beginning，” she thought. “I’ll come in last for sure.”
Soon Eva began to breathe hard， with her heart pounding and legs shaking. Feeling desperate， Eva started using a mind trick on herself. She stopped thinking about the word “mile.” Instead， she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved(拐弯). After that， she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two， then three， then four.
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line， Eva was surprised.
Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
[参考范文]
When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line， Eva was surprised. Looking around， she realized what her coach meant. Instead of being left in the dust， she found herself among the best. Full of amazement， Eva gasped， unable to contain excitement. Her mouth curved into a smile， her face lighting up with a sense of confidence. The mind trick had worked wonders， so the word “mile” was no longer a monster for her. Eva felt energetic， refreshed and powerful， believing she could overcome any obstacle in the life， including her poor sense of direction.
Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. She stopped racking her brains for which direction to go. Instead， she created a detailed map of the six－story building， highlighting key landmarks with different colors. Breaking down the routes into smaller sections， Eva explored each day， one at a time. Days turned into weeks， and now navigating the huge building seemed like a piece of cake. This episode served as a reminder that with great determination and a clever mind trick， one can achieve anything and reach far.
一、确定主题、人物、结尾句
从图中可以看出，记叙文情节的发展总是起起伏伏。但是，无论情节如何跌宕起伏，从头到尾总是围绕主题进行，即情节为主题服务。因此，首先要通读并理解原文，确定文章主题、主要人物以及可能的结尾句。
思考问题，构建思路：
①Who is the main character of the story and who are the secondary characters？
②What’s the main idea of the passage？
③What does the author want to tell us？
④What’s the theme of the story？ What is the theme revealed to you in the story？
⑤Can you predict how the story ends after reading it？
⑥What lesson can you learn from the story？
二、研读提示句，确定框架
通读原文，把握主题之后，研读并分析原文最后情节及其与两段开头提示语的关系，确定续写和原文的合理衔接。
我们可以通过逆向思维的方式按以下步骤在草稿纸上写出这些内容：
Step 1：写第二段结尾句(主题升华句)；
Step 2：根据第二段首句写第一段结尾句；
Step 3：根据第一段首句写第一段的第二句；
Step 4：根据第二段首句写第二段的第二句；
Step 5：补全续写每段的中间细节内容。
三、运用“5W1H”，完善内容
根据记叙文的特点，可以通过“5W1H”(who，what，when，where，why，how)设问法，通过提问进行头脑风暴，选择可以使用的关键内容，挑选紧扣文章主题并推动故事情节发展的关键要素，进而完善故事内容。可以通过以下问题打开思维：
①某人何时何地做了什么事情(who/when/where/what)
②怎样做的(how)
③为什么这样做(why)
④出现了什么问题：看到了什么；听到了什么；说了什么
⑤有什么感受等
具体表现为第一段的情节发展最终指向该段的结尾句并与第二段提示语衔接。第二段的情节可以运用第一段的方法进行完善。两段续写的不同之处是情节发展到第二段时，故事已接近尾声，结尾可采用以下几种方式：问题得到解决、误会得到化解、观念得到转变，或者是主人公的感悟、启发或成长等升华主题的内容。总之，情节构建要减少平铺直叙，避免流水账，要有情节上的冲突和波折。总体构架可简述为：出现问题－解决问题－再次出现问题－最终解决问题－体会与感悟。
名题抢分练
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
From the day Tony was born， Jeff refused to let his son’s disabilities hold him back. Tony has cerebral palsy(脑瘫)， making it difficult for him to walk. Determined to show Tony that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete， when he was 15 years old， Jeff signed him up with Team Triumph， an organization that helps kids with disabilities engage in endurance(耐力) sports.
“It gave me a new perspective on life，” Tony said. He even dreamed of walking marathon one day. From then on， Tony became addicted to racing， and Jeff also wanted to be a part of it. Though Jeff had been a minor league baseball player， endurance sports were new to him. He made up his mind to achieve Tony’s dream and started doing things he never dreamed about. He began waking up at 4 a.m. So he could run in the silent street while pushing Tony in a special wheelchair called a racing chair. Every morning， he drove himself to run increasingly longer distances. Soon， he and Tony were entering 5K races， then on to Iron－man triathlons.
Finishing the Iron－man competition in under 16 hours would be another dream for Jeff and Tony. The big day came. The race began with a 2.4－mile swim in the river. Jeff helped Tony into a kayak(皮船). With one end of a rope tied to a belt around his back and the other end to the kayak， Jeff eased himself into the water. Swimming while dragging another person is quite tough. The pair completed the swim in 90 minutes， and then it was on to the next leg： a 112－mile bicycle ride. Their custom－built bike had an additional seat in the back for Tony that faced backward.
After completing the demanding bike part in roughly nine hours， they set their sights on the final leg of the race－a 26.2－mile marathon with Jeff pushing Tony in the racing chair. They’d been competing for 10 hours， with only 6 hours left for the race. The first 7 miles went smoothly.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
But at mile 19， Jeff began to worry they were going too slow.
Jeff handed Tony his rolling walker(助行器).
[参考范文]
But at mile 19， Jeff began to worry they were going too slow.Somehow he found the energy to pick up the pace. With Tony’s dream deeply imprinted in his mind， he realized he was not alone in this battle. Clenching his teeth， Jeff used all his strength and willpower to push the racing chair. The audience can’t help cheering for them. With thunderous applause， they were close to the finishing line. Jeff knew it was time to fulfill Tony’s wish.
Jeff handed Tony his rolling walker(助行器).Not that long ago， Tony could barely walk several steps. But after years of painstaking work， he increased his step count and was determined to finish the race on his own. After 15 hours and 55 minutes－with just five minutes to spare－father and son crossed the finish line together. As the crowd engulfed and cheered on an overwhelmed Tony， a weary Jeff kept a low profile. “He didn’t want his finish line moment，” says Tony. “He wanted it to be mine.”
