高考英语二轮复习语境5语言学习的规律、方法等课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
语境5　语言学习的规律、方法等
语境5　语言学习的规律、方法等
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·山东临沂期中)As a language learning enthusiast， I’ve come up with the best apps for learning English from the thousands of mobile apps out there.
Best for Pronunciation： ELSA Speak
ELSA Speak is probably the best mobile app around for helping you improve your English pronunciation. The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback， but ELSA also provides mini－training sessions to really perfect your pronunciation. The AI analyzes your recordings based on pronunciation， intonation and fluency and then points out exactly which parts sound inaccurate.
Best for Immersing in English Videos： FluentU
FluentU is a language learning app that teaches you English through authentic videos like news reports， movie scenes and interviews， with learner tools for all levels. Each clip has interactive subtitles so if you’re not sure what a word means， you can hover over it and get in explanation. The app also gives video examples for each word so you can learn vocabulary in context.
Best for Practical Topics： Babbel
Babbel has you learn and practice English with realistic conversations that surround things that you’re personally interested in. Lessons are short and consist of written and audio versions of the grammar featured in the lessons. Then you are able to complete practice exercises to solidify your understanding.
Best for Fun Beginner Lessons： Lingodeer
Lingodeer uses games and short exercises to teach beginner and intermediate English learners. Lingodeer takes a gamified approach to language learning with a goal－oriented curriculum consisting of structured lessons and regular reviews. Lingodeer’s lessons are arranged according to themes， such as sports， weather， parts of the body and shopping.
　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款学习英语的最佳应用程序。
1. What is the feature of ELSA Speak？
A. It analyzes learners’ recordings.
B. It provides guidance for learners.
C. It gives learners helpful feedback.
D. It improves learners’ communication skills.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Best for Pronunciation：ELSA Speak部分的“The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback”可知， ELSA Speak的特点是能给学习者有用的反馈。故选C项。
2. Which app provides videos as learning resources？
A. FluentU. B. ELSA Speak.
C. Babbel. D. Lingodeer.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Best for Immersing in English Videos： FluentU部分的“FluentU is a language learning app that teaches you English through authentic videos like news reports， movie scenes and interviews”可知， FluentU提供视频作为学习资源。故选A项。
3. What can learners do with the app Lingodeer？
A. Design games.
B. Study around a theme.
C. Structure lessons.
D. Take advanced courses.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Best for Fun Beginner Lessons： Lingodeer部分的“Lingodeer’s lessons are arranged according to themes”可知，学习者使用Lingodeer可以围绕一个主题学习。故选B项。
B
What defines us？ If pressed， I would answer that if there is any part of me that sits at my core， then surely it must be my moral center， my deep－seated sense of right and wrong.
And I often feel that I’m a slightly different person in each language I speak－more determined in English， more relaxed in French， and more emotional in Czech. Is it possible that， along with these differences， my moral guidelines also point in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’m using？
In a research led by Albert Costa， volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the “train problem”：Imagine that a train is charging at five people standing on the track， unable to move. The only way to stop the train and spare the five people is to push another stranger off a footbridge into its path. Costa and his colleagues found that posing the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as foreign tongue dramatically increased their willingness to push the sacrificial person off the footbridge， from fewer than 20％ respondents using their native language to about 50％ of those using the foreign one.
In another research conducted by Janet Greipel， volunteers read acts that many people find immoral， such as stories where someone cooked and ate his dog after it had been killed by a car. Those who read the stories in a foreign language perceived these actions less wrong than those who read them in their native tongue.
The difference in this judgement comes down to two separate and competing thinking patterns－one of these a quick and direct feeling， and the other， careful deliberation about the greatest good for the largest number. When we use a foreign language， we unconsciously sink into the more deliberate mode simply because the effort of operating in our no－native language activates our cognitive system. This is similar to findings that reading math problems in a hard－to－read typeface(字体) makes people less likely to make careless mistakes.
　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者认为语言与道德有关，并列举了两个实验以及对这种现象进行了分析。
4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs？
A. He invests time in studying languages.
B. He perceives languages differ slightly.
C. He ignores the role of moral concepts.
D. He thinks languages relate to morals.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的“Is it possible that， along with these differences， my moral guidelines also point in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’m using？”可知，作者认为语言与道德有关。故选D。
5. How does the author prove his viewpoint？
A. By carefully citing examples.
B. By collecting and listing data.
C. By conducting experiments.
D. By analyzing people’s habits.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“In a research led by Albert Costa， volunteers were...”以及第四段“In another research conducted by Janet Greipel， volunteers read...”可知，作者通过仔细地引用例子证明他的观点。故选A。
6. Why are math problems mentioned？
A. To justify a thinking pattern.
B. To present a new finding.
C. To clarify the cognitive system.
D. To warn against making mistakes.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When we use a foreign language， we unconsciously sink into the more deliberate mode... This is similar to findings that reading math problems in... make careless mistakes.”可推知，提到数学问题是为了证明前文提到的思维模式。故选A。
7. What can be a suitable title for the passage？
A. Morality： The Core of People
B. Languages： Insights into Judgements
C. Languages： A Shaping Power to Morality
D. Morality： A New Way to Learn Languages
答案：C
解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段并综合分析文章可知，文章主要说明了作者认为语言会影响道德，并列举了两个实验以及对这种现象进行了分析。所以C项“语言：一种影响道德的力量”最符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C。
C
Phonetic(语音的) information－the smallest sound elements of speech， typically represented by the alphabet－is considered by many experts to be the foundation of language. Babies are thought to learn these small sound elements and add them together to make words. But a new study suggests that phonetic information is learnt too late and slowly for this to be the case. Instead， rhythmic(节奏的) information helps babies learn language by emphasizing the boundaries of individual words and is effective even in the first few months of life.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge and Trinity College Dublin investigated babies’ ability to process phonetic information during their first year. The study found that phonetic information wasn’t successfully encoded(编码) until babies were seven months old， and was still rare for babies at 11 months old when they began to say their first words. A sister study has shown that rhythmic information was processed by babies at two months old－and individual differences predicted later language outcomes.
Professor Giovanni Di Liberto said， “This is the first evidence we have of how brain activity relates to phonetic information changes over time in response to continuous speech.” Previously， studies have relied on comparing the responses to nonsense syllables(音节)， like “bif” and “bof” instead.
“We believe that rhythmic information is the hidden glue underpinning(巩固) the development of a well－functioning language system，” said Cambridge neuroscientist， Professor Goswami. “Babies can use rhythmic information like a scaffold or skeleton to add phonetic information on to. For example， they might learn that the rhythm pattern of English words is typically strong－weak， as in 'daddy' or 'mummy'， with the stress on the first syllable. They can use this rhythm pattern to guess where one word ends and another begins when listening to natural speech.”
Goswami says that there is a long history in trying to explain dyslexia(阅读障碍) and developmental language disorder in terms of phonetic problems， but the evidence doesn’t add up. She believes that individual differences in children’s language originate with rhythm.
　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了婴儿学习语言的关键在于节奏信息，而非语音信息。
8. What is the key to baby language learning according to the new study？
A. Nonsense syllables.
B. Phonetic information.
C. Rhythmic information.
D. Parent－kid interaction.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But a new study suggests that phonetic information is learnt too late and slowly for this to be the case. Instead， rhythmic(节奏的) information helps babies learn language by emphasizing the boundaries of individual words and is effective even in the first few months of life.(但一项新的研究表明，语音信息的学习太迟，而且速度太慢，因此情况并非如此。相反，节奏信息通过强调单词的边界帮助婴儿学习语言，甚至在生命的最初几个月就有效。)”可知，新的研究认为婴儿学习语言的关键是节奏信息。故选C。
答案：C
9. What does the underlined phrase “add up” in the last paragraph probably mean？
A. Exist.
B. Expand.
C. Seem reasonable.
D. Seem formal.
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Goswami says that there is a long history in trying to explain dyslexia(阅读障碍) and developmental language disorder in terms of phonetic problems， but the evidence...(Goswami说，有很长的历史试图用语音问题来解释阅读障碍和语言发展障碍，但证据并不……)”和“She believes that individual differences in children’s language originate with rhythm.(她认为，儿童语言的个体差异源于节奏。)”可知，有很长的历史试图用语音问题来解释阅读障碍和语言发展障碍，但证据并不合理。故add up在此处的意思是“看起来合理”。A. Exist存在；B. Expand扩大；C. Seem reasonable看起来很合理；D. Seem formal看起来很正式。故选C。
答案：C
10. What does Giovanni Di Liberto think of the new study？
A. It is meaningful.
B. It missed adult participants out.
C. It needs further investigation.
D. Its result proved the previous assumption.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Professor Giovanni Di Liberto said， 'This is the first evidence we have of how brain activity relates to phonetic information changes over time in response to continuous speech.'(Giovanni Di Liberto教授说：”这是我们首次得到的证据，说明大脑活动如何随着时间的推移与连续语音中的语音信息变化有关。“)”可知，Giovanni Di Liberto认为这项新研究是有意义的。故选A。
答案：A
11. What can be concluded from the study？
A. It’s better for parents to use baby talk.
B. Singing to babies may help them learn a language.
C. It’s essential for babies to be exposed to phonetic information.
D. Dyslexia results from poor response to continuous speech.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Instead， rhythmic(节奏的) information helps babies learn language by emphasizing the boundaries of individual words and is effective even in the first few months of life.(相反，节奏信息通过强调单词的边界帮助婴儿学习语言，甚至在生命的最初几个月就有效。)”可知，对婴儿唱歌可能有助于他们学习语言，因为唱歌中的节奏信息可以帮助他们理解和学习语言。故选B。
答案：B
Ⅱ.七选五
How to Learn Chinese
I studied Mandarin Chinese 50 years ago. 　1　， as you probably know. Below I list my tips on how to learn Chinese which you may want to apply to your language studies.
2
Start out by focusing on listening. Just get used to the sounds. You should also read aloud whatever you are listening to， so that you can get a better sense of what you are hearing. You will have to learn the characters eventually but try to get yourself a little bit familiar with the language first.
Devote Time to Memorizing Characters
We usually fail to learn Characters either because they are meaningless to us or because the connections between them are too weak. As a matter of fact， Characters must be visualized over and over again. 　3　. Just remember rote－learning(死记硬背) doesn’t really help.
Recognize Patterns Rather than Rules
Focus on patterns. Don’t get caught up in complicated grammar explanations， just focus on patterns. When I was studying， I had a wonderful book by Harriet Mills. It was called Modern Chinese. 　4　.
Read More than You Can Handle
Read a lot. If I learned faster than my fellow students 50 years ago， it is because I read much more than them. 　5　. The mind is a muscle. It needs exercise. Understanding the written word is one way the mind grows in its ability.
F. A scientific approach and persistence are essential to learning any language
G. In every single lesson she introduced patterns which were the frames around which I could build whatever I wanted to say
　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者的汉语学习经验。
A. Focus on reading
B. Be an auditory learner
C. Reading is important because it develops the mind
D. Like most of the other language skills， reading requires practice
E. Therefore， flashcards with pictures can be effective memorization tools
答案：F
1.解析：全篇都在讲科学的学习方法，此句说明方法很重要，承接下文介绍几个学习汉语的方法。故选F。
答案：B
2.解析：根据后文多次提到的listen一词判断本段的段落大意应该是和听有关。那么auditory一词正好符合。故选B。
答案：E
3.解析：本段主要讨论如何记汉字。根据前文的“visualized over and over again”可知，用配图的闪片卡可以在视觉上起到帮助记忆的作用。故选E。
答案：G
4.解析：前文提到了Modern Chinese这本书，联系段落题目，可以判断这句话应该是关于书的具体内容。故选G。
答案：C
5.解析：通读全段得知，本段主要介绍阅读的重要性。根据空后“The mind”可知，空处应该是说阅读有助于思维的培养。故选C。