高考英语二轮复习语境6优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务和社会责任课件（共46张）

(共46张PPT)
语境6　优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务和社会责任
语境6　优秀品行，正确的人生态度，
公民义务和社会责任
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Hale， president of Granite Telecommunications， was onstage during Thursday’s rainy graduation ceremony to accept the medal for his support for the university. In his brief speech， he praised students for their hard work， and， drawing from his own early experiences， encouraged them not to let failure defeat them. Later， just as the headmaster was about to start awarding degrees to graduates， Hale gently pushed him aside， saying he wanted to celebrate the graduates by giving them $1，000 each. Students appeared from under their umbrellas， erupting in loud cheers and applause(掌声). It went on for nearly a minute before Hale could cut back in.
“Listen， there’s a rule，” he said. “The first $500 is our gift to you. The second $500 is for you to do charity， giving to somebody else in need or another organization who could use it more than you.” As he spoke， two big bags were carried onstage. They were filled with 3，000 envelopes， which he said were decorated by students at two local elementary schools， and marked either “gift” or “give”.
It was time for students to walk across the stage. One at a time， wearing， raincoats and big smiles， they accepted their diplomas(文凭) and their pair of envelopes.
“These are kids who are working their tails off to be there，” he recalled. “They could certainly use the gift.” The 57－year－old man put much of his wealth－over $270 million－towards charitable causes， including cancer research and educational institutions.
“Some of the most joyous times have been when I’ve had the chance to share，” Hale explained. “If there’s a way that I could create that seed within another generation where they would get to experience the joy of giving， then maybe that becomes something that they would make an effort to do and be accustomed to doing and make us all a little bit better along the way.” He has learned that one of this year’s graduates gave her money to a local charity that provides holiday gifts for poor children. She herself had been a receiver years ago.
　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了Granite Telecommunications公司的总裁Hale在雨天的大学毕业典礼上，为毕业生们每人赠送了1 000美元，并鼓励他们将其中一半用于慈善事业，帮助其他有需要的人或组织。他希望通过这种方式，能够在年轻一代中种下慈善的种子，让他们体验给予的快乐，并努力成为习惯，使社会变得更加美好。
1. How did the students feel upon hearing what Hale said in Paragraph 1？
A. Calm. B. Overjoyed.
C. Embarrassed. D. Curious.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Students appeared from under their umbrellas， erupting in loud cheers and applause(掌声). It went on for nearly a minute before Hale could cut back in.(学生们从伞下出现，爆发出巨大的欢呼声和掌声。这持续了将近一分钟，Hale才切入。)”可推知，学生们听到Hale的话欣喜若狂。故选B。
2. How could the students deal with the money marked “give” according to the rule？
A. Use it to travel with friends.
B. Spend it on learning materials.
C. Pay it for gifts for their teachers.
D. Donate it for meaningful purposes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The second $500 is for you to do charity， giving to somebody else in need or another organization who could use it more than you.(第二笔500美元是给你做慈善的，捐给其他有需要的人或另一个比你更能使用它的组织。)”和“They were filled with 3，000 envelopes， which he said were decorated by students at two local elementary schools， and marked either 'gift' or 'give'.(里边有3 000个信封，他说这些信封由两所当地的小学生装饰，标有”gift“和”give“。)”可知，学生可以将标有“give”的钱为了有意义的目的而捐赠。故选D。
答案：D
3. What did Hale mean when mentioning students could use the gift？
A. They had good luck to be there.
B. They needn’t work hard any more.
C. They were good enough for the gift.
D. They were too young to use the gift.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“'These are kids who are working their tails off to be there，' he recalled. 'They could certainly use the gift.'(”这些都是努力奋斗站在这里的孩子。“他回忆说。”他们当然可以使用这笔礼物。“)”可推知，Hale想说明学生们足够好，配得上这笔礼物。故选C。
4. What is the significance of Hale’s practice？
A. Paying kindness forward.
B. Promoting teaching effectiveness.
C. Driving the world forward significantly.
D. Strengthening interpersonal connections.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If there’s a way that I could create that seed within another generation where they would get to experience the joy of giving， then maybe that becomes something that they would make an effort to do and be accustomed to doing and make us all a little bit better along the way.(如果我可以创造一种方式在另一代人心里播种种子，使他们体验给予的快乐，那么也许那会变成某种他们会尽力去做并且习惯去做的事情，而且让我们在前进的道路上变得更好。)”和“He has learned that one of this year’s graduates gave her money to a local charity that provides holiday gifts for poor children. She herself had been a receiver years ago.(他了解到今年的一位毕业生将她的钱捐给当地慈善，为孩子们提供假期礼物。她自己几年前就当过接收者。)”可推知，Hale做法的意义在于将善举继续传递。故选A。
答案：A
B
Carlos Alberto Llauce Baldera holds the green seedpod of a young algarrobo tree as if displaying a piece of fine jewelry. “They tell us the reforestation of this damaged area is a success，” says the seasoned park ranger at the Pómac Forest Historical Sanctuary in northern Peru’s Lambayeque region that shelters more than 100 species of birds and numerous small mammals. This dry forest was once home to the pre－Inca Sicán culture， whose adobe pyramids still dot the landscape.
Nearly 15 years after helping guide police through the unfamiliar， dense forest terrain， Mr Llauce remains dedicated to the patient rehabilitation and reforestation work that has resulted in a healthy reserve.
What initially started as a way for Mr Llauce to take home a regular paycheck soon became employment with a purpose. He says he learned early on in his career that successfully preserving the Pómac Forest could never work if it remained important only to the reserve’s seven park guards or to one－time visitors and the occasional biologist or archaeologist.
In 1994， the forest was a marvel. But gradually illegal woodcutting inside the park accelerated， sometimes carried out by neighbors， and then the squatters(侵占者) arrived. By the time the squatters were evicted(驱逐)， most of the park’s neighboring families were ready to take park rangers more seriously. “We talked a lot about protecting the woods， and most people around here have embraced that，” Mr Llauce says. “People understand that the forest gives us life.”
Mr Llauce is one of 761 park guards. “It’s a risky job， not well paid， but one that is critical，” says Pablo Venegas. Over the past 16 years of scientific expeditions across Peru， Mr Venegas has discovered dozens of new frog and lizard species. “How many times have I shown guards a picture of the type of lizard I suspect is around there， and they’ll say， 'yes， we’ve seen that around this streambed or that part of the woods，' and they’ll be right，” he says.
Surveying the park from a hillside overlook， Mr Llauce points out numerous pyramids poking out above the forest. “Those pyramids and the treasures many of them surely hold inside are our heritage， just as this beautiful forest is our heritage，” he says.
　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了秘鲁波马克森林的一位公园护林员的故事。他是761名公园护林员中的一员。他们始终致力于该地区的森林恢复和森林再造工作，使该区域从遭受破坏的状态转变为健康的保护区。
5. What has Llauce Baldera been involved in？
A. Restoring the forest to its original state.
B. Working as a travel guide through the forest.
C. Discovering jewelry in the pyramids of Sicán.
D. Collecting the seedpods of young algarrobo trees.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the reforestation of this damaged area is a success”和第二段中的“Mr Llauce remains dedicated to the patient rehabilitation and reforestation work that has resulted in a healthy reserve”可知，他一直在从事恢复秘鲁波马克森林历史保护区内森林的工作。故选A。
6. What did Mr Llauce realize in his career？
A. The need to make everyone value forests.
B. The purpose of earning a regular paycheck.
C. The pursuit of tourists for fresh experiences.
D. The beneficial work of biologists or archaeologists.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He says he learned early on in his career... or archaeologist.”可推知，他认识到，只有当森林保护意识深入人心，形成广泛的公众支持和参与之后，波马克森林的长期保护才能取得成功。故选A。
7. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to？
A. Cutting woods illegally.
B. Evicting the squatters.
C. Taking park rangers seriously.
D. Protecting the forests.
答案：D
解析：代词指代题。根据第四段画线词前面的“We talked a lot about protecting the woods”可推知，that指的是前面提到的“保护森林”。故选D。
8. What does Pablo Venegas think of park guards？
A. They protect the treasures in pyramids.
B. They possess the heritage of forests.
C. They help him in his professional pursuits.
D. They have discovered more new species.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“How many times have... and they’ll be right...”可知，当Pablo Venegas展示他认为在当地可能存在的蜥蜴种类的照片时，护林员们能够准确识别并确认这些蜥蜴存在的区域。这表明，护林员们为他的科学研究提供了帮助。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
When Alexa couldn’t crawl， stand or walk as a baby， her mother sensed that something was wrong. 　1　， doctors told her not to worry－perhaps Alexa was just a “lazy baby”. After seeing a specialist， though， Alexa was diagnosed(诊断) with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)， which affects the central nervous system and the 　2　 in the body.
Throughout Alexa’s childhood and youth， there were no 　3　 medicines to treat SMA. Her muscles continued to weaken over time. But Alexa was outgoing and loved to exercise her 　4　 through pretending play and performing. This adventurous spirit led her to work as a child 　5　， appearing in movies， television shows and commercials.
With hard work， determination and courage－not to 　6　 plenty of support from her loved ones－Alexa graduated from high school， and attended a law school. While in law school， her symptoms became especially 　7　. She noticed that it was becoming more difficult to 　8　 her hands and move her fingers. Around that same time， she 　9　 an experimental drug for SMA that was in clinical trials. She started 　10　 to learn as much as she could about this possible medicine and what it might do for her. Finally she received the first－ever approved treatment to 　11　 the progression of her disease.
Now， Alexa works as an entertainment lawyer for a Hollywood production company. Although Alexa doesn’t let her SMA define her， it has certainly 　12　 who she is today： optimistic， courageous and 　13　. The limitations SMA places on her have been a(n) 　14　， but they’ve also 　15　 as a motivator， leading Alexa to get as much out of life as she can.
　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是从小患有SMA疾病的Alexa通过自己的努力、决心、勇气以及家人的支持，顺利从中学毕业并进入法学院的故事。
1. A. Initially B. Gradually
答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，医生告诉她不要担心——也许Alexa只是一个“懒惰的孩子”。A. Initially最初；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Apparently显然；D. Eventually最终。根据下文中的“After seeing a specialist， though， Alexa was diagnosed(诊断) with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)”可知，在看了专家之后，Alexa被诊断出患有一种称为SMA的罕见疾病，结合“doctors told her not to worry－perhaps Alexa was just a 'lazy baby'”可知，医生告诉Alexa的妈妈不要担心，由此可知，此处应为“起初”，符合逻辑。故选A项。
C. Apparently D. Eventually
2. A. bones B. cells C. muscles D. blood
答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在看了专家之后，Alexa被诊断出患有一种名为脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)的罕见疾病，这种疾病会影响中枢神经系统和身体的肌肉。A. bones骨头；B. cells细胞；C. muscles肌肉；D. blood血液。根据上文中的“Alexa couldn’t crawl， stand or walk”和“After seeing a specialist， though， Alexa was diagnosed(诊断) with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)”可知，Alexa后来被诊断患上了脊髓性肌萎缩症，由此可知，此处指的是这种疾病影响身体的“肌肉”，从而使她不能站立和行走。故选C项。
3. A. previous B. available
C. sufficient D. affordable
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Alexa的整个童年和青春期，没有可用的药物来治疗SMA。A. previous以前的；B. available可得到的；C. sufficient足够的；D. affordable付得起的。根据下文中的“Her muscles continued to weaken over time.”可知，她的肌肉持续萎缩，由此可推断，此处指的是她的整个童年和青春期没有“可用的”药物来治疗该疾病。故选B项。
4. A. body B. power
C. language D. imagination
答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Alexa很外向，喜欢通过假装游戏和表演来锻炼她的想象力。A. body身体；B. power力量；C. language语言；D. imagination想象。根据常识以及下文中的“through pretending play and performing”可知，Alexa喜欢假装游戏和表演，由此可知，通过假装游戏和表演可以锻炼她的“想象力”。故选D项。
5. A. lawyer B. producer
C. actor D. author
答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种冒险精神使她成为一名儿童演
员，出现在电影、电视节目和广告中。A. lawyer律师；B. producer制造
商；C. actor演员；D. author作者。根据上文中的“But Alexa was
outgoing and loved to exercise her 　4　 through pretending play and
performing.”可知，Alexa喜欢通过假装游戏和表演来锻炼她的想象力，
由此可推断，此处指的是这使她成为一名儿童“演员”。故选C项。
6. A. mention B. explain
C. argue D. complain
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：凭借努力、决心和勇气——更不用说她所爱的人的大力支持——Alexa从高中毕业，进入了法学院。A. mention提到；B. explain解释；C. argue争辩；D. complain抱怨。根据上文中的“With hard work， determination and courage”以及下文中的“plenty of support from her loved ones”可知，此处指的是Alexa凭借着努力、决心和勇气以及她所爱的人的大力支持，从高中毕业，所以此处应为“更不用说”，not to mention意为“更不用说”。故选A项。
7. A. tiresome B. worrisome
C. terrific D. fantastic
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在法学院期间，她的症状变得特别
令人担忧。A. tiresome令人厌烦的；B. worrisome令人担忧的；C. terrific
极好的；D. fantastic非常棒的。根据下文中的“She noticed that it was
becoming more difficult to 　8　 her hands and move her fingers.”可知，
Alexa注意到自己的手指都不能动，由此可知，此处表示的是她的症状变
得特别“令人担忧”。故选B项。
8. A. lift B. wash C. swing D. treat
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到抬起手和移动手指变得越来越困难了。A. lift抬起；B. wash洗；C. swing摇摆；D. treat治疗。根据上文中的“She noticed that it was becoming more difficult”以及“and move her fingers”可知，后来她发现自己移动手指越来越困难，空处与“移动”为并列关系，由此可知，此处应指的是“抬起”手。故选A项。
9. A. tried out B. talked about
C. heard about D. tested out
答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约在同一时间，她听说一种治疗SMA的实验性药物正在临床试验中。A. tried out试用，尝试；B. talked about讨论；C. heard about听说；D. tested out测试。根据下文中的“an experimental drug for SMA that was in clinical trials.”可知，一种治疗SMA的实验性药物正在临床试验中，结合语境可推断，此处应表示“听说”。故选C项。
10. A. claiming B. admiring
C. researching D. fighting
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始研究，尽可能多地了解这种可能的药物，以及它可能对她有什么帮助。A. claiming宣称；B. admiring羡慕，欣赏；C. researching研究；D. fighting战斗。根据下文中的“to learn as much as she could about this possible medicine and what it might do for her”可知，Alexa尽可能多地了解这种可能的药物，以及它可能对她有什么帮助，由此可知，此处应表示开始“研究”。故选C项。
11. A. cure B. speed C. stop D. slow
答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，她接受了有史以来第一次被批准的治疗，以减缓她病情的发展。A. cure治愈；B. speed加速；C. stop停止，阻止；D. slow减缓。根据上文中的“Finally she received the first－ever approved treatment”可知，最后她接受了有史以来第一次被批准的治疗，结合常识以及下文中的“the progression of her disease”可知，此处应指的是治疗的目的是“减缓”疾病的进展。故选D项。
12. A. shaped B. affected
C. remembered D. realized
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Alexa没有让SMA定义她，但它确
实塑造了今天的她：乐观、勇敢、坚定。A. shaped塑造；B. affected影
响；C. remembered记住；D. realized意识到。根据下文中的“who she is
today： optimistic， courageous and 　13　”可知，此处都是Alexa现在的
品质，由此可推断，此处应为“塑造”了今天的她。故选A项。
13. A. considerate B. determined
C. sympathetic D. generous
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. considerate体贴的；B. determined意志坚定的；C. sympathetic有同情心的；D. generous慷慨的。根据语境以及上文中的“With hard work， determination and courage...”可知，Alexa患上罕见疾病后并没有被疾病打倒，反而是通过努力、决心和勇气，从高中毕业并进入法学院，由此可知，此处应是“意志坚定的”。故选B项。
14. A. consequence B. threat
C. object D. obstacle
答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：SMA给她设置的那些限制是一种障碍，但它们也起到了激励作用，使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西。A. consequence后果，结果；B. threat威胁；C. object客观事物；D. obstacle障碍。根据上文中的“The limitations SMA places on her”可知，SMA给Alexa设置了那些限制，也就是给她设置了一种“障碍”。故选D项。
15. A. operated B. indicated
C. experienced D. functioned
答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. operated操作，做手术；B. indicated暗示，表明；C. experienced体验，经历；D. functioned起作用，运转。根据下文中的“leading Alexa to get as much out of life as she can”可知，SMA给她设置的障碍使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西，由此可推断，此处指的是这些障碍也起到了激励作用，function as意为“起……作用”。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·河北承德部分示范高中模拟)In the ancient Analytical Dictionary of Characters， trust is defined as a combination of sincerity and reliability， 1. 　　　　(emphasize) the importance of keeping one’s word. This concept was 2. 　　　　(deep) valued in ancient China， with many proverbs highlighting the significance of integrity in personal and professional relationships. Cao Cao， the 3. 　　　　(rule) of the Wei state during the Three Kingdoms period， embodied(体现) the spirit of trustworthiness， which played a crucial role in his ability 4. 　　　　(draw) numerous heroes to his side.
During the Three Kingdoms period， a time 5. 　　　　(mark) by division and conflict among the states of Wei， Shu， and Wu， keeping promises was a prized quality. Cao Cao’s relationship 6. 　　　　 Guan Yu shows his understanding of trust and respect as foundational 7. 　　　　(element) of leadership. After capturing a city， Cao Cao encountered Guan Yu. Guan Yu’s surrender(投降) to Cao Cao， under the condition 8. 　　　　 he would leave once he learned of Liu Bei’s whereabouts， which presented 9. 　　　　 great challenge to Cao Cao. Cao Cao’s acceptance of these terms and his subsequent efforts to win over Guan Yu， demonstrate a strategic approach to leadership that 10. 　　　　(value) talents and promises.
【文章大意】　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了“诚信”的重要性。
答案：emphasizing
1.解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，trust与emphasize为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填emphasizing。
答案：deeply
2.解析：考查形容词转换为副词。此处修饰谓语was valued，应用副词deeply作状语。故填deeply。
答案：ruler
3.解析：考查动词转换为名词。此处作Cao Cao的同位语，表示“统治者”，应用名词ruler。故填ruler。
答案：to draw
4.解析：考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”，为固定搭配。故填to draw。
答案：marked
5.解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，a time与mark为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填marked。
答案：with
6.解析：考查介词。relationship with sb.意为“与某人的关系”。故填with。
答案：elements
7.解析：考查名词的数。element为可数名词，其前无限定词，且根据语境可知，此处应用复数形式，表泛指。故填elements。
答案：that
8.解析：考查同位语从句连接词。此处解释说明condition的内容，从句中不缺成分，应用that引导。故填that。
答案：a
9.解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一个巨大的挑战”，应用不定冠词，且great的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
答案：values
10.解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，that替代先行词a strategic approach to leadership，作从句主语，从句谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填values。