2026届高考英语二轮复习语境16社会进步与人类文明课件（共46张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习语境16社会进步与人类文明课件（共46张PPT) |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 748.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-11-14 00:00:00 | ||
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(共46张PPT)
语境16 社会进步与人类文明
语境16 社会进步与人类文明
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s. Until about 2035， the main function of education systems is to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080， the purpose of education is the well－being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you， I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080. Her name is Shemsy. Shemsy is 13， and she is confident and loves learning.
Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist. Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens， in line with the belief that learning is the lifelong pursuit.
Every year， Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher－citizen”. Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community. She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as the essential and core to our humanity.
Shemsy works a lot collaboratively. Access to education is universal， and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly. Variability between students is expected and leveraged(充分利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength. Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets. She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally： Being Human and the History of Humanity.
We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080： what does it look like， who does it serve， and how does it transform our societies？
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。通过虚构人物Shemsy向读者展示了2080年的教育是什么样子的，并引发读者思考自己眼中2080年的教育是什么样子的。
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us？
A. There are different types of education.
B. The present education needs improvements.
C. Education and economy are closely associated.
D. The goal of future education is fundamentally different.
解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的中心句“Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s.”可知，2080年的教育和现在很不同；再结合第一段中的“Until about 2035， the main function of education systems... In 2080， the purpose of education is the well－being of society and all its members.”可知，本段主要讲未来的教育功能和现在截然不同，故D项正确。
答案：D
2. What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to？
A. It accepts students of all ages.
B. It promotes competition.
C. It discourages individualized learning.
D. It is all about play－based learning.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“'Learning Hubs' that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens， in line with the belief that learning is the lifelong pursuit.”可知，Shemsy去的学习中心不限制年龄，几代人可以同时在那里学习，故A项正确。
3. What does the underlined word “mandatory” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A. Tough. B. Satisfactory.
C. Optional. D. Required.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Variability between students is expected... Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets.”可知，未来教育是允许学生间差异化存在的，Shemsy以她设定的速度自然地探索她好奇的事物。再根据画线词所在句中的still、children globally以及常识可推知，“Being Human”和“the History of Humanity”是全球学生必学的科目，故画线词的意思与D项最为接近。
4. What is the suitable title for the text？
A. An Example to All
B. A Vision for Education
C. A Challenge for Education
D. A Journey into the Future
答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。第一段讲2080年的教育与现在截然不同；第二、三段通过虚构人物Shemsy展示了“what a child’s education looks like in 2080”；最后一段则向读者发出邀请，让读者思考“your vision for education in the year 2080”。综上可知，本文主要是对2080年教育的展望，故B项“对教育的展望”适合作本文的标题。
B
Like many of the indigenous(土著的) communities across the Australian continent， the remote communities in north－west New South Wales are struggling. Many of the 300 or so residents rely on welfare. Higher electricity bills－up to $3，000 a quarter for some households－further worsen the poverty. They’re always at the end of the power line， so the service there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost. It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.
To that end， Anderson and other indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance to push for renewable energy in indigenous communities. They partner with private enterprises to support indigenous communities looking to switch to renewable energy.
“We can build a power station where the community exists，” Anderson says， “so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.”
Only a handful of indigenous communities have set up renewable energy projects in Australia. The indigenous－owned and indigenous－operated company AllGrid Energy， for instance， has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to replace diesel(柴油) generators in the communities of Ngurrara and Kurnturlpara in the Northern Territory’s Barkly Tableland. Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016， people were moving back to their homelands， the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.
But the alliance will go one step further， working with community leaders and acting as a conduit(纽带) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with. This is essential， says Anderson， to avoid predatory(掠夺性的) practices they have seen in the past， with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage. The alliance has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.
One of the next steps for the alliance will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project. “Our experience is that if we can make it work for one community， it will work in every other community，” Anderson says.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士州西北部偏远土著社区面临高昂的电费问题，安德森和其他土著领导人成立了First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance，以推动土著社区使用可再生能源，解决高昂电费问题。
5. What is the alliance expected to do for the remote indigenous communities？
A. Increase power supply to them.
B. Help them return to their homelands.
C. Shake them off poverty.
D. Reduce their higher power costs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Higher electricity bills－up to $3，000 a quarter for some households－further worsen the poverty... to be fixed.”可知，偏远土著社区电力成本高是亟待解决的问题。再结合下文内容可知，First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance的目标是推动偏远土著社区使用可再生能源，以降低电力成本。因此，D项“降低他们较高的电力成本。”正确。故选D。
答案：D
6. What does the author indicate by mentioning AllGrid Energy？
A. Renewables projects are inaccessible.
B. Renewables projects are quite workable.
C. Renewables projects can increase locals’ income.
D. Renewables projects can coexist with diesel power plants.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的例子可知，AllGrid Energy在土著社区安装了太阳能板和电池存储系统，取代了柴油发电机，使得这些社区的部分居民得以回到家乡，这说明可再生能源项目是行得通的。故选B。
7. What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about concerning the alliance？
A. Its strategies to win over the businesses.
B. Its cooperation with community leaders.
C. Its potential conflict with energy companies.
D. Its innovation in directing renewables projects.
解析：段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中的内容，尤其是“go one step further， working with community leaders... they are dealing with”“to avoid predatory(掠夺性的) practices... how companies engage with indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.”可知，这个联盟将更进一步与社区领导人合作，并充当社区与他们正在打交道的企业之间的纽带，它还起草协议条款来指导公司与土著社区开展可再生能源项目，以避免公司采取过去掠夺性的做法，这些都是这个联盟在指导可再生能源项目方面的创新之举。故选D。
答案：D
8. What’s the alliance going to do next？
A. Consult the experts.
B. Select a pilot community.
C. Collect sufficient construction funds.
D. Make renewables projects available to all.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“One of the next steps for the alliance will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project.”可知，这个联盟下一步的行动之一是确定一个社区作为可再生能源项目的测试案例，即选择一个试点社区。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
In some parts of Central China’s Henan Province， daughters will 1 wild goose－shaped cakes for their parents before the leap month(闰月) comes， wishing for auspiciousness. There is a 2 surrounding the tradition.
Long ago， there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan， who was very 3 . In a year which had a leap month， the married girl 4 of her parents， who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger due to the 5 month. So， she collected some leftover millet(小米) and headed toward her parents’ home. On the mountainous road， she 6 fell down and when she woke up， the millet was already 7 up by birds.Seeing this and thinking of her parents， she cried loudly and slowly fell asleep again.
Then she heard some weak voice and woke up again， seeing a couple of wild geese staying in her bag and not willing to leave， so she took them with her. When she arrived at her parents’ home， the village was 8 famine and plague， and her parents were on the verge of 9 . She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents， and her parents recovered soon. She then gave the leftover food to the neighbors and the 10 miraculously disappeared the next day.
After that， before each leap month， daughters began to visit their 11 and bring gifts. As wild goose is a(n) 12 bird， people use dough to make wild goose－shaped cakes in 13 of the actual bird for their parents， wishing them healthy and hoping to banish any plagues.
In some parts of East China’s Shandong Province， the married daughters will send dough－made fish and toad to their parents， which 14 “wealth” and “health” respectively. 15 ， it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了闰月前，河南、山东出嫁的女儿们给父母送礼的传统习俗的文化渊源。
1. A. bury B. send C. prepare D. decorate
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。bury埋；send寄；prepare准备；decorate装
饰。根据空后“for their parents before the leap month(闰月) comes”以及下
文倒数第二段中的“make wild goose－shaped cakes in 13 of the actual
bird for their parents”可知，女儿们会在闰月前为父母准备大雁形状的糕
点。故选C项。
2. A. book B. song C. title D. legend
答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。book书；song歌曲；title标题；legend传说。根据下文Long ago可知，关于第一段描述的习俗有一个传说。故选D项。
3. A. beautiful B. filial C. brave D. smart
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。beautiful美丽的；filial孝顺的；brave勇敢的；smart聪明的。根据下文“So，she collected some leftover millet(小米) and headed toward her parents’ home.”可知，女孩非常孝顺，想到父母的处境，便给父母送小米。故选B项。
4. A. thought B. warned
C. heard D. reminded
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。think想起；warn警告；hear听到；remind提醒。根据空后“who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger”可知，女孩想到了自己的父母。故选A项。
5. A. repetitive B. relevant
C. representative D. respective
答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。repetitive重复的；relevant相关的；representative有代表性的；respective各自的。根据上文“In a year which had a leap month”可知，此处指因为闰月，也就是重复的月份而挨饿。故选A项。
6. A. eventually B. accidentally
C. hurriedly D. mysteriously
答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。eventually最终；accidentally意外地，不小心地；hurriedly匆忙地；mysteriously神秘地。根据空后“when she woke up”可知，走山路时，女孩不小心跌倒了，昏了过去。故选B项。
7. A. taken B. made C. eaten D. set
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。take带；make制作；eat吃；set设置。根据by birds可知，当她醒来时，小米被鸟儿吃掉了。故选C项。
8. A. suffering from B. learning from
C. taking from D. recovering from
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。suffer from遭受；learn from从……中学习；take from从……中获取；recover from从……中恢复。根据上文中的“her parents， who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger”以及空后的“famine and plague”可知，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫。故选A项。
9. A. delight B. death
C. penalty D. performance
答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。delight快乐；death死亡；penalty处罚，刑罚；performance表现。根据上文中的“her parents， who never had enough food to eat and...”可推知，女孩的父母处于死亡的边缘。故选B项。
10. A. neighbors B. plague
C. food D. village
答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。neighbor邻居；plague瘟疫；food食物；village村庄。根据上文“famine and plague”及空后的“miraculously disappeared”可知，第二天瘟疫奇迹般地消失了。故选B项。
11. A. friends B. relatives
C. parents D. classmates
答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。friend朋友；relative亲戚；parent父亲(或母亲)；classmate同班同学。根据上文“So，she collected some leftover millet(小米) and headed toward her parents’ home.”可知，由于这个女孩拜访父母，救了村子的人，后来女儿们都会在闰月前看望父母。故选C项。
12. A. delicate B. abnormal
C. outstanding D. rare
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。delicate柔和的，脆弱的；abnormal不正常的；outstanding杰出的；rare罕见的。根据空后“people use dough to make wild goose－shaped cakes”可知，由于真的大雁是稀有的，人们就用面团做成大雁形状的糕点。故选D项。
13. A. pursuit B. point C. place D. praise
答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。pursuit追求；point意义；place地方；praise表扬。根据空前“use dough to make wild goose－shaped cakes”可知，人们用大雁糕点代替真正的大雁。in place of “代替”。故选C项。
14. A. symbolize B. suspect
C. simplify D. state
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。symbolize象征；suspect怀疑；simplify简化；state陈述。根据空前“the married daughters will send dough－made fish and toad to their parents”及空后“'wealth' and 'health'”可知，面鱼和面蟾蜍分别象征着“财富”和“健康”。故选A项。
15. A. However B. Therefore
C. Otherwise D. Besides
答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。however然而；therefore因此；otherwise否则；besides此外。根据空后“it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father”可知，这是补充说明，空处缺少“此外”。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In recent years， China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program called the New Rural Development Initiative. 1. goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure(基础设施)， modernize farming practices， and enhance the overall quality of life for those 2. (live) in the countryside.
One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure， 3. includes the construction of better roads， bridges， and watering systems 4. (improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities.
Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 5. (technique). By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies， such as organic farming and the use of machinery， farmers are able to increase their productivity and income 6. damaging the environment.
Furthermore， the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities. Efforts 7. (make) to regenerate local traditions， which not only enriches the cultural 8. (diverse) of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development. The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses 9. the construction of public facilities.
Through the initiative， China is working hard to create a more prosperous(繁荣的) and 10. (harmony) countryside， providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了近年来，中国一直努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目来改善农村地区的生活条件。
答案：The
1.解析：考查冠词。此处特指“这一倡议的目标”，应用定冠词the。注意首字母大写。故填The。
答案：living
2.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词live与those之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填living。
答案：which
3.解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“the improvement of rural infrastructure”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
答案：to improve
4.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to improve。
答案：techniques
5.解析：考查名词的数。technique指“(进行科学操作所需的)技巧，技术，工艺”时为可数名词，此处泛指“现代农业技术”，应用复数形式。故填techniques。
答案：without
6.解析：考查介词。此处表示没有破坏环境，应用介词without，表示“没有，不”。故填without。
答案：are being made/are made/have been made
7.解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，此处既可以表示动作正在进行，用现在进行时；也可以表示陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；还可以表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时；分析句子结构可知，主语Efforts和动词make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语Efforts为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are being made/are made/have been made。
答案：diversity
8.解析：考查词性转换。根据the cultural和of可知，此处应用名词，且diversity意为“多样性”时为不可数名词，无复数形式。故填diversity。
答案：and
9.解析：考查连词。此处应用连词and连接两个并列的名词短语。故填and。
答案：harmonious
10.解析：考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词countryside。故填harmonious。
语境16 社会进步与人类文明
语境16 社会进步与人类文明
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s. Until about 2035， the main function of education systems is to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080， the purpose of education is the well－being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you， I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080. Her name is Shemsy. Shemsy is 13， and she is confident and loves learning.
Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist. Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens， in line with the belief that learning is the lifelong pursuit.
Every year， Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher－citizen”. Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community. She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as the essential and core to our humanity.
Shemsy works a lot collaboratively. Access to education is universal， and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly. Variability between students is expected and leveraged(充分利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength. Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets. She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally： Being Human and the History of Humanity.
We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080： what does it look like， who does it serve， and how does it transform our societies？
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。通过虚构人物Shemsy向读者展示了2080年的教育是什么样子的，并引发读者思考自己眼中2080年的教育是什么样子的。
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us？
A. There are different types of education.
B. The present education needs improvements.
C. Education and economy are closely associated.
D. The goal of future education is fundamentally different.
解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的中心句“Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s.”可知，2080年的教育和现在很不同；再结合第一段中的“Until about 2035， the main function of education systems... In 2080， the purpose of education is the well－being of society and all its members.”可知，本段主要讲未来的教育功能和现在截然不同，故D项正确。
答案：D
2. What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to？
A. It accepts students of all ages.
B. It promotes competition.
C. It discourages individualized learning.
D. It is all about play－based learning.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“'Learning Hubs' that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens， in line with the belief that learning is the lifelong pursuit.”可知，Shemsy去的学习中心不限制年龄，几代人可以同时在那里学习，故A项正确。
3. What does the underlined word “mandatory” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A. Tough. B. Satisfactory.
C. Optional. D. Required.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Variability between students is expected... Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets.”可知，未来教育是允许学生间差异化存在的，Shemsy以她设定的速度自然地探索她好奇的事物。再根据画线词所在句中的still、children globally以及常识可推知，“Being Human”和“the History of Humanity”是全球学生必学的科目，故画线词的意思与D项最为接近。
4. What is the suitable title for the text？
A. An Example to All
B. A Vision for Education
C. A Challenge for Education
D. A Journey into the Future
答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。第一段讲2080年的教育与现在截然不同；第二、三段通过虚构人物Shemsy展示了“what a child’s education looks like in 2080”；最后一段则向读者发出邀请，让读者思考“your vision for education in the year 2080”。综上可知，本文主要是对2080年教育的展望，故B项“对教育的展望”适合作本文的标题。
B
Like many of the indigenous(土著的) communities across the Australian continent， the remote communities in north－west New South Wales are struggling. Many of the 300 or so residents rely on welfare. Higher electricity bills－up to $3，000 a quarter for some households－further worsen the poverty. They’re always at the end of the power line， so the service there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost. It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.
To that end， Anderson and other indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance to push for renewable energy in indigenous communities. They partner with private enterprises to support indigenous communities looking to switch to renewable energy.
“We can build a power station where the community exists，” Anderson says， “so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.”
Only a handful of indigenous communities have set up renewable energy projects in Australia. The indigenous－owned and indigenous－operated company AllGrid Energy， for instance， has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to replace diesel(柴油) generators in the communities of Ngurrara and Kurnturlpara in the Northern Territory’s Barkly Tableland. Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016， people were moving back to their homelands， the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.
But the alliance will go one step further， working with community leaders and acting as a conduit(纽带) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with. This is essential， says Anderson， to avoid predatory(掠夺性的) practices they have seen in the past， with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage. The alliance has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.
One of the next steps for the alliance will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project. “Our experience is that if we can make it work for one community， it will work in every other community，” Anderson says.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士州西北部偏远土著社区面临高昂的电费问题，安德森和其他土著领导人成立了First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance，以推动土著社区使用可再生能源，解决高昂电费问题。
5. What is the alliance expected to do for the remote indigenous communities？
A. Increase power supply to them.
B. Help them return to their homelands.
C. Shake them off poverty.
D. Reduce their higher power costs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Higher electricity bills－up to $3，000 a quarter for some households－further worsen the poverty... to be fixed.”可知，偏远土著社区电力成本高是亟待解决的问题。再结合下文内容可知，First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance的目标是推动偏远土著社区使用可再生能源，以降低电力成本。因此，D项“降低他们较高的电力成本。”正确。故选D。
答案：D
6. What does the author indicate by mentioning AllGrid Energy？
A. Renewables projects are inaccessible.
B. Renewables projects are quite workable.
C. Renewables projects can increase locals’ income.
D. Renewables projects can coexist with diesel power plants.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的例子可知，AllGrid Energy在土著社区安装了太阳能板和电池存储系统，取代了柴油发电机，使得这些社区的部分居民得以回到家乡，这说明可再生能源项目是行得通的。故选B。
7. What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about concerning the alliance？
A. Its strategies to win over the businesses.
B. Its cooperation with community leaders.
C. Its potential conflict with energy companies.
D. Its innovation in directing renewables projects.
解析：段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中的内容，尤其是“go one step further， working with community leaders... they are dealing with”“to avoid predatory(掠夺性的) practices... how companies engage with indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.”可知，这个联盟将更进一步与社区领导人合作，并充当社区与他们正在打交道的企业之间的纽带，它还起草协议条款来指导公司与土著社区开展可再生能源项目，以避免公司采取过去掠夺性的做法，这些都是这个联盟在指导可再生能源项目方面的创新之举。故选D。
答案：D
8. What’s the alliance going to do next？
A. Consult the experts.
B. Select a pilot community.
C. Collect sufficient construction funds.
D. Make renewables projects available to all.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“One of the next steps for the alliance will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project.”可知，这个联盟下一步的行动之一是确定一个社区作为可再生能源项目的测试案例，即选择一个试点社区。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
In some parts of Central China’s Henan Province， daughters will 1 wild goose－shaped cakes for their parents before the leap month(闰月) comes， wishing for auspiciousness. There is a 2 surrounding the tradition.
Long ago， there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan， who was very 3 . In a year which had a leap month， the married girl 4 of her parents， who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger due to the 5 month. So， she collected some leftover millet(小米) and headed toward her parents’ home. On the mountainous road， she 6 fell down and when she woke up， the millet was already 7 up by birds.Seeing this and thinking of her parents， she cried loudly and slowly fell asleep again.
Then she heard some weak voice and woke up again， seeing a couple of wild geese staying in her bag and not willing to leave， so she took them with her. When she arrived at her parents’ home， the village was 8 famine and plague， and her parents were on the verge of 9 . She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents， and her parents recovered soon. She then gave the leftover food to the neighbors and the 10 miraculously disappeared the next day.
After that， before each leap month， daughters began to visit their 11 and bring gifts. As wild goose is a(n) 12 bird， people use dough to make wild goose－shaped cakes in 13 of the actual bird for their parents， wishing them healthy and hoping to banish any plagues.
In some parts of East China’s Shandong Province， the married daughters will send dough－made fish and toad to their parents， which 14 “wealth” and “health” respectively. 15 ， it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了闰月前，河南、山东出嫁的女儿们给父母送礼的传统习俗的文化渊源。
1. A. bury B. send C. prepare D. decorate
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。bury埋；send寄；prepare准备；decorate装
饰。根据空后“for their parents before the leap month(闰月) comes”以及下
文倒数第二段中的“make wild goose－shaped cakes in 13 of the actual
bird for their parents”可知，女儿们会在闰月前为父母准备大雁形状的糕
点。故选C项。
2. A. book B. song C. title D. legend
答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。book书；song歌曲；title标题；legend传说。根据下文Long ago可知，关于第一段描述的习俗有一个传说。故选D项。
3. A. beautiful B. filial C. brave D. smart
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。beautiful美丽的；filial孝顺的；brave勇敢的；smart聪明的。根据下文“So，she collected some leftover millet(小米) and headed toward her parents’ home.”可知，女孩非常孝顺，想到父母的处境，便给父母送小米。故选B项。
4. A. thought B. warned
C. heard D. reminded
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。think想起；warn警告；hear听到；remind提醒。根据空后“who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger”可知，女孩想到了自己的父母。故选A项。
5. A. repetitive B. relevant
C. representative D. respective
答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。repetitive重复的；relevant相关的；representative有代表性的；respective各自的。根据上文“In a year which had a leap month”可知，此处指因为闰月，也就是重复的月份而挨饿。故选A项。
6. A. eventually B. accidentally
C. hurriedly D. mysteriously
答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。eventually最终；accidentally意外地，不小心地；hurriedly匆忙地；mysteriously神秘地。根据空后“when she woke up”可知，走山路时，女孩不小心跌倒了，昏了过去。故选B项。
7. A. taken B. made C. eaten D. set
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。take带；make制作；eat吃；set设置。根据by birds可知，当她醒来时，小米被鸟儿吃掉了。故选C项。
8. A. suffering from B. learning from
C. taking from D. recovering from
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。suffer from遭受；learn from从……中学习；take from从……中获取；recover from从……中恢复。根据上文中的“her parents， who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger”以及空后的“famine and plague”可知，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫。故选A项。
9. A. delight B. death
C. penalty D. performance
答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。delight快乐；death死亡；penalty处罚，刑罚；performance表现。根据上文中的“her parents， who never had enough food to eat and...”可推知，女孩的父母处于死亡的边缘。故选B项。
10. A. neighbors B. plague
C. food D. village
答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。neighbor邻居；plague瘟疫；food食物；village村庄。根据上文“famine and plague”及空后的“miraculously disappeared”可知，第二天瘟疫奇迹般地消失了。故选B项。
11. A. friends B. relatives
C. parents D. classmates
答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。friend朋友；relative亲戚；parent父亲(或母亲)；classmate同班同学。根据上文“So，she collected some leftover millet(小米) and headed toward her parents’ home.”可知，由于这个女孩拜访父母，救了村子的人，后来女儿们都会在闰月前看望父母。故选C项。
12. A. delicate B. abnormal
C. outstanding D. rare
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。delicate柔和的，脆弱的；abnormal不正常的；outstanding杰出的；rare罕见的。根据空后“people use dough to make wild goose－shaped cakes”可知，由于真的大雁是稀有的，人们就用面团做成大雁形状的糕点。故选D项。
13. A. pursuit B. point C. place D. praise
答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。pursuit追求；point意义；place地方；praise表扬。根据空前“use dough to make wild goose－shaped cakes”可知，人们用大雁糕点代替真正的大雁。in place of “代替”。故选C项。
14. A. symbolize B. suspect
C. simplify D. state
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。symbolize象征；suspect怀疑；simplify简化；state陈述。根据空前“the married daughters will send dough－made fish and toad to their parents”及空后“'wealth' and 'health'”可知，面鱼和面蟾蜍分别象征着“财富”和“健康”。故选A项。
15. A. However B. Therefore
C. Otherwise D. Besides
答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。however然而；therefore因此；otherwise否则；besides此外。根据空后“it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father”可知，这是补充说明，空处缺少“此外”。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In recent years， China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program called the New Rural Development Initiative. 1. goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure(基础设施)， modernize farming practices， and enhance the overall quality of life for those 2. (live) in the countryside.
One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure， 3. includes the construction of better roads， bridges， and watering systems 4. (improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities.
Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 5. (technique). By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies， such as organic farming and the use of machinery， farmers are able to increase their productivity and income 6. damaging the environment.
Furthermore， the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities. Efforts 7. (make) to regenerate local traditions， which not only enriches the cultural 8. (diverse) of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development. The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses 9. the construction of public facilities.
Through the initiative， China is working hard to create a more prosperous(繁荣的) and 10. (harmony) countryside， providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了近年来，中国一直努力通过一个名为“新农村发展计划”的项目来改善农村地区的生活条件。
答案：The
1.解析：考查冠词。此处特指“这一倡议的目标”，应用定冠词the。注意首字母大写。故填The。
答案：living
2.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词live与those之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填living。
答案：which
3.解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“the improvement of rural infrastructure”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
答案：to improve
4.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to improve。
答案：techniques
5.解析：考查名词的数。technique指“(进行科学操作所需的)技巧，技术，工艺”时为可数名词，此处泛指“现代农业技术”，应用复数形式。故填techniques。
答案：without
6.解析：考查介词。此处表示没有破坏环境，应用介词without，表示“没有，不”。故填without。
答案：are being made/are made/have been made
7.解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，此处既可以表示动作正在进行，用现在进行时；也可以表示陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；还可以表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时；分析句子结构可知，主语Efforts和动词make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语Efforts为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are being made/are made/have been made。
答案：diversity
8.解析：考查词性转换。根据the cultural和of可知，此处应用名词，且diversity意为“多样性”时为不可数名词，无复数形式。故填diversity。
答案：and
9.解析：考查连词。此处应用连词and连接两个并列的名词短语。故填and。
答案：harmonious
10.解析：考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词countryside。故填harmonious。