高考英语复习语境18人与环境课件（共48张）
文档属性
| 名称 | 高考英语复习语境18人与环境课件（共48张） |
|
|
| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 756.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-11-14 00:00:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共48张PPT)
语境18 人与环境
语境18 人与环境
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Enthusiastic travelers may have already heard of “regenerative tourism” along with the idea of sustainability(持续性). Whenever we travel－no matter where or how－we are leaving an impact on the environment and the world surrounding us. While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations， regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further.
Regenerative tourism means “the idea that tourists should leave a place in better condition than it was before”. For example， when visiting a garden， each person plants a tree to further build the environment instead of leaving no trace(痕迹).
In a way， regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean－up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove. While travelers certainly don’t need to join in a community clean－up while on vacation (unless they want to)， the idea of being involved is very much the same.
Joining in regenerative tourism has personal and environmental benefits. Jeffrey Skibins， an associate professor in entertainment and park management， says， “Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally， conservation behaviors enable tourists to develop life－long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.”
Regenerative means “to renew and revive”， which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover. Depending on where one plans to travel， there might be more ways to help than originally realized. By further encouraging damaged environments to be renewed through travel rather than being negatively impacted， we can slowly help to rebuild the world’s most beautiful landscapes.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的旅游形式——再生旅游。
1. What is the aim of regenerative tourism？
A. To further improve the environment.
B. To limit the footprint of human beings.
C. To keep a place in its original condition.
D. To dramatically promote global economy.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations， regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further.(虽然可持续旅游采取了积极措施来限制这种足迹，以便我们为子孙后代保护环境，但再生旅游将这一想法更进一步。)”可知，再生旅游的目的是进一步改善环境。故选A项。
答案：A
2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？
A. Designing a bright future for our life.
B. Taking part in a community clean－up.
C. Renewing our ideas about environments.
D. Getting active in the acts of sustainability.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“In a way， regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean－up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们的可持续发展行为。另一个很好的例子是任何清理行为。这在主要的海滩和公园里尤其受欢迎，因为那里总是有垃圾要捡，有垃圾要清除。)”可知，文章第三段表明应积极参与可持续发展的行动。故选D项。
答案：D
3. What does Jeffrey Skibins think of regenerative tourism？
A. It makes travelers closely connected.
B. It gives personal satisfaction to travelers.
C. It leaves a short－term effect on tourists.
D. It helps tourists improve their learning ability.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Jeffrey Skibins所说“Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally， conservation behaviors enable tourists to develop life－long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.(许多游客表示，他们感到深深的个人满足感，与大自然的联系更紧密了。此外，保护行为使游客能够围绕这些问题进行终身学习，并在家中继续这些行为。)”可知，Jeffrey Skibins认为再生旅游给旅行者带来了个人的满足。故选B项。
答案：B
4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？
A. Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part
B. Travelling patterns make a difference to the environment
C. Conservation behavior enjoys its popularity among households
D. The idea of sustainability takes root in all enthusiastic travelers
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第三段中的“In a way， regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们的可持续发展行为。)”及最后一段中的“Regenerative means 'to renew and revive'， which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover.(再生的意思是”更新和恢复“，这正是许多旅行者为帮助环境恢复所做的事情。)”可知，本文介绍了什么是“再生旅游”及“再生旅游”中，游客应该如何去做。A项“Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part(再生旅游邀请游客尽自己的一份力量)”适合作文章标题。故选A项。
答案：A
B
When wildfire smoke from huge fires in Canada blanketed the US in the summer of 2023， emergency rooms saw an increase in admissions for lung problems， heart attacks and other health issues.
Burning fossil fuels has driven climate change， and now climate change is costing people their health and increasingly their lives， says a new report from the medical journal The Lancet. The eighth annual Lancet Countdown， an international analysis that tracks nearly 50 different health－focused issues affected by climate change， calls for an immediate wind－down of fossil fuel use.
Those with the least historical responsibility for causing climate change are feeling the worst effects. Pakistan－a country responsible for roughly 0.3％ of all climate－change－causing carbon emissions， suffered huge floods in 2022 that displaced more than 30 million people and killed at least 1，700. However， wealthier countries cannot be spared. In the US， wildfire smoke this summer sent people to the emergency room from New York to Georgia. In Europe， a 2022 summer heat wave resulted in over 60，000 deaths.
About one fifth of all US residents work outdoors； the percentages are even higher in many other countries. When it gets too hot， it gets harder and harder to work. Last year， the report says， outdoor workers lost more than 140 hours each－or several weeks of pay－because of the intense heat.
The human and economic costs are forecast to grow with every tenth of a degree hotter the planet gets. Heat－related deaths， for example， could increase by nearly five times by the middle of the century， if without immediate reductions to carbon emissions.
“I have a young patient who presents with uncontrollable asthma. She lives right next to a highway and is breathing in harmful air from cars burning gas，” Renee Salas， a doctor at Harvard’s Chan School of Public Health says. “So the treatment she needs is electric vehicles， home weatherization and air purification. These are prescriptions I can’t write.”
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了化石燃料的使用使得气候恶化，进而危害人类的健康和生命，并阻碍了经济的发展。
5. What can be learned from Paragraph 3？
A. The wildfire has burned large areas of forest.
B. Pakistan is largely responsible for climate change.
C. Climate change has caused a lot of human deaths.
D. People in wealthier countries have good health care.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pakistan－a country responsible for roughly 0.3％ of all climate－change－causing carbon emissions， suffered huge floods in 2022 that displaced more than 30 million people and killed at least 1，700. However， wealthier countries cannot be spared. In the US， wildfire smoke this summer sent people to the emergency room from New York to Georgia. In Europe， a 2022 summer heat wave resulted in over 60，000 deaths.(巴基斯坦的碳排放量约占所有气候变化导致的碳排放量的0.3％，该国在2022年遭受了巨大的洪水，造成3 000多万人流离失所，至少1 700人死亡。然而，富裕国家也不能幸免。在美国，今年夏天，从纽约到乔治亚州，人们都被野火烟雾送往急诊室。在欧洲，2022年夏季的热浪导致6万多人死亡。)”可知，气候变化导致了很多人死亡。故选C。
6. Which statement will the author probably agree with？
A. American residents worked very hard last year.
B. There is nothing people can do about climate change.
C. The economy has also been affected by climate change.
D. Heat－related deaths will double by the middle of the century.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When it gets too hot， it gets harder and harder to work. Last year， the report says， outdoor workers lost more than 140 hours each－or several weeks of pay－because of the intense heat.(当天气太热时，工作就会越来越难。报告说，去年，由于酷暑，户外工作者每人损失了140多个小时，也就是几周的工资。)”及第五段“The human and economic costs are forecast to grow with every tenth of a degree hotter the planet gets. Heat－related deaths， for example， could increase by nearly five times by the middle of the century， if without immediate reductions to carbon emissions.(据预测，地球温度每升高0.1度，人类和经济成本就会增加。例如，如果不立即减少碳排放，到本世纪中叶，与热有关的死亡人数可能会增加近五倍。)”可知，经济也受到了气候变化的影响。故选C。
答案：C
7. What does Renee Salas imply in the last paragraph？
A. She advocates green lifestyle.
B. She prefers to drive an electric car to work.
C. Young people are more likely to get asthma.
D. Hospitals are short of medicines to treat asthma.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“'I have a young patient who presents with uncontrollable asthma. She lives right next to a highway and is breathing in harmful air from cars burning gas，' Renee Salas， a doctor at Harvard’s Chan School of Public Health says. 'So the treatment she needs is electric vehicles， home weatherization and air purification. These are prescriptions I can’t write.'(”我有一个年轻的病人，她表现出无法控制的哮喘。她就住在高速公路旁边，呼吸着汽车燃烧汽油产生的有害空气。“哈佛大学陈公共卫生学院的医生Renee Salas说，”所以她需要的治疗是电动汽车、家庭气象和空气净化。这些处方我写不出来。“)”可推断，Renee Salas倡导绿色生活。故选A。
答案：A
8. What is the text mainly about？
A. The advantage of living in the US.
B. The cause of climate change.
C. The stress of working outdoors.
D. The harm of climate change.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文， 尤其是第二段中的“Burning fossil fuels has driven climate change， and now climate change is costing people their health and increasingly their lives， says a new report from the medical journal The Lancet.(医学杂志《柳叶刀》的一份新报告称，燃烧化石燃料导致了气候变化，现在气候变化正在损害人们的健康，并越来越多地危及人们的生命。)”，再结合文章主要说明了化石燃料的使用使得气候恶化，进而危害人类的健康和生命，并阻碍了经济的发展可知，本文主要讲的是气候变化的危害。故选D。
答案：D
Ⅱ.完形填空
Merle Liivand was born in Estonia. As a child， she had health problems， and later she began swimming to help her lungs get 1 . She was soon taking part in open water swimming contests， sometimes even in icy water.
Eleven years ago， Ms Liivand moved to Miami， Florida. She nearly wound up 2 some plastic that was 3 in the sea in one training session.
That 4 made her think of all the sea animals who faced similar 5 every day. She decided she wanted to work to make people more 6 of plastic pollution.
Thinking about sea creatures gave her the 7 of swimming like one. She began swimming with a 8 single swimming fin attached to both of her feet. This rubbery “monofin” allows her to swim by 9 both of her legs together.
“Swimming with the monofin without using my arms is 10 to how dolphins and marine animals swim，” says Ms Liivand. She believes that swimming with a monofin “sends a bigger 11 ”.
On May 7， “eco－mermaid” Merle Liivand 12 her own world record for swimming with a single fin. She swam the distance of a full marathon in the rough waters of Biscayne Bay， Florida.
Along the way， Ms Liivand 13 all the trash she found and put it in the kayak. By the end of her marathon， the kayak 14 three bags full of trash. “At the end of the day，” she says， “this isn’t just about a 15 . It’s about helping the community and the world.”
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Merle Liivand装扮成“生态美人鱼”，游马拉松唤起人们对塑料污染的重视，保护海洋环境的故事。
1. A. slimmer B. stronger
C. softer D. heavier
答案：B
解析：根据前面的“As a child， she had health problems”可知，她有健康问题，因此通过游泳让肺变得强壮。故选B。
2. A. swallowing B. discovering
C. encountering D. crashing
答案：A
解析：根据前面的“She nearly wound up”和后面的some plastic可知，她差点儿吞下一些塑料。故选A。
3. A. circling B. spinning
C. floating D. sinking
答案：C
解析：结合前面的plastic和后面的“in the sea”可知，此处指漂浮在海里的塑料。故选C。
4. A. disaster B. adventure
C. exploration D. experience
答案：D
解析：结合第二段“Eleven years ago， Ms Liivand moved to Miami，
Florida. She nearly wound up 2 some plastic that was 3 in the sea in
one training session.”可知，这是一次经历。故选D。
5. A. pollution B. dilemma
C. fortune D. mess
答案：A
解析：结合前面的plastic和“in the sea”可知，此处指这让她想到海洋生物每天都会面临塑料污染。故选A。
6. A. afraid B. aware C. short D. sure
答案：B
解析：结合前面的“She decided she wanted to work to make people more”和后面的“of plastic pollution”可知，她决定要努力让人们更多地意识到塑料污染。故选B。
7. A. honor B. knowledge
C. fantasy D. idea
答案：D
解析：根据后面的“swimming like one”可知，像海洋生物一样游泳是她的一个想法。故选D。
8. A. special B. heavy C. thick D. solid
答案：A
解析：根据后面的“single swimming fin attached to both of her feet”可知，她以两只脚上都系着一个特殊的游泳鳍的方式开始游泳。故选A。
9. A. lifting B. kicking
C. floating D. fastening
答案：B
解析：结合后面的“both of her legs together”可知，这种橡胶“单鳍”可以让她通过同时踢动双腿来游泳。故选B。
10. A. beneficial B. useful
C. similar D. true
答案：C
解析：根据前面的“Swimming with the monofin without using my arms”和后面的“how dolphins and marine animals swim”可知，在不使用手臂的情况下用单鳍游泳，类似海豚和海洋动物的游泳方式。故选C。
11. A. request B. agreement
C. letter D. message
答案：D
12. A. broke B. set C. kept D. made
答案：A
解析：根据后面的“her own world record for swimming with a single fin”可知，她打破了自己的单鳍游泳世界纪录。故选A。
解析：根据前面的“She believes that swimming with a monofin”和前文的
“make people more 6 of plastic pollution”可知，她认为单鳍游泳
“传递了一个更大的信息”。故选D。
13. A. rolled over B. picked up
C. tested out D. cared about
答案：B
解析：结合后面的“all the trash she found and put it in the kayak”可知，在游泳的过程中，她还捡起海里的垃圾。故选B。
14. A. piled B. buried C. held D. stayed
答案：C
解析：根据前面的“put it in the kayak”和后面的“three bags full of trash”可知，皮划艇上装了三袋垃圾。故选C。
15. A. fin B. sea C. marathon D. record
答案：D
解析：结合前面的“her own world record for swimming with a single fin”和后面的“It’s about helping the community and the world.”可知，她认为她这次游泳不仅仅是一个纪录，这是在帮助社区和世界。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Recently， residents in a youth apartment building in downtown Shenzhen have planted the seed， cultivating(形成) 1. unique city lifestyle. They can farm their own land， which can 2. (access) just an elevator ride away to the top of their building. There they can grow vegetables， while 3. (communicate) with other renters and taking in the skyline of the city.
Huang Suyun， the founder of the youth apartment building， 4. (see) positive changes in her own life since “farming” and other social activities were introduced to the rooftop of it. 5. (additional)， the experience of tending the gardens allows her 6. (make) friends and get to know others who either live in the building or visit from outside.
The rooftop heaven covers a total area of 450 square meters and consists 7. a sightseeing zone， a shaded leisure area as well as the urban farming section. “There’s space to exercise， like doing yoga at the leisure zone， and then to walk over to check the vegetables，” says Xie Jing， an architect 8. undertook the project.
An increasing number of urban 9. (resident) at home and abroad have started to seek a social life that promotes environmental 10. (protect) and personal health， which is good news for sustainability and community activity development， experts say.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些深圳市的年轻公寓居民通过在他们公寓楼顶的城市农场种植自己的蔬菜，形成了一种独特的城市生活方式，这种生活方式有利于社区活动的发展和环境保护。
答案：a
1.解析：考查冠词。句意：最近，深圳市中心一栋青年公寓的居民种下了种子，形成了一种独特的城市生活方式。lifestyle为可数名词，此处泛指“一种生活方式”，故应用不定冠词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
答案：be accessed
2.解析：考查动词的语态。句意：他们可以种植自己的土地，只需要乘坐电梯就能到达公寓的顶楼去种植。此处which指代前文的land，与access之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词can，故填be accessed。
答案：communicating
3.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可以边种植蔬菜，边和其他居民聊天并欣赏城市的天际线。此处作状语，communicate与主语they之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词，故填communicating。
答案：has seen
4.解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：自从种植和社交活动在公寓顶楼开始以来，公寓楼的建设者Huang Suyun已经看到了积极的改变。Huang Suyun为主语，为单数，此处为谓语动词，根据后文的since可知，此处应用现在完成时，且助动词用has，故填has seen。
答案：Additionally
5.解析：考查副词。句意：而且，料理花园的这一体验让她能够与住在这栋楼里或外面来参观的其他人交朋友，相互了解。此处作状语，故应用副词，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Additionally。
答案：to make
6.解析：考查动词不定式。句意同上题。此处意为“允许某人做某事”，表达为allow sb. to do sth.，故应用不定式作宾补，故填to make。
答案：who/that
8.解析：考查定语从句。句意：承担这项工程的Xie Jing说道：“有空间锻炼，比如说你可以在乘凉处练瑜伽，然后走过去料理一下蔬菜。”此处引导定语从句，先行词为Xie Jing，指人，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用who或that引导，故填who/that。
答案：of
7.解析：考查介词。句意：天楼面积为450平方米，由一个观光区、乘凉处和城市农耕区构成。此处意为“由……构成”，表达为consist of，故填of。
答案：residents
9.解析：考查名词的数。句意：越来越多的国内外城市居民已启动了寻求促进环境保护和个人健康的社会生活，专家表示，这对可持续发展和社区活动发展来说是个好消息。此处resident“居民”为可数名词，且空前有An increasing number of“大量的，许多的”，故应用名词复数作宾语，故填residents。
答案：protection
10.解析：考查名词。句意同上题。此处空前为形容词environmental“环境的”，故应用名词，作promotes的宾语，故填protection。
语境18 人与环境
语境18 人与环境
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Enthusiastic travelers may have already heard of “regenerative tourism” along with the idea of sustainability(持续性). Whenever we travel－no matter where or how－we are leaving an impact on the environment and the world surrounding us. While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations， regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further.
Regenerative tourism means “the idea that tourists should leave a place in better condition than it was before”. For example， when visiting a garden， each person plants a tree to further build the environment instead of leaving no trace(痕迹).
In a way， regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean－up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove. While travelers certainly don’t need to join in a community clean－up while on vacation (unless they want to)， the idea of being involved is very much the same.
Joining in regenerative tourism has personal and environmental benefits. Jeffrey Skibins， an associate professor in entertainment and park management， says， “Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally， conservation behaviors enable tourists to develop life－long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.”
Regenerative means “to renew and revive”， which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover. Depending on where one plans to travel， there might be more ways to help than originally realized. By further encouraging damaged environments to be renewed through travel rather than being negatively impacted， we can slowly help to rebuild the world’s most beautiful landscapes.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的旅游形式——再生旅游。
1. What is the aim of regenerative tourism？
A. To further improve the environment.
B. To limit the footprint of human beings.
C. To keep a place in its original condition.
D. To dramatically promote global economy.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations， regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further.(虽然可持续旅游采取了积极措施来限制这种足迹，以便我们为子孙后代保护环境，但再生旅游将这一想法更进一步。)”可知，再生旅游的目的是进一步改善环境。故选A项。
答案：A
2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？
A. Designing a bright future for our life.
B. Taking part in a community clean－up.
C. Renewing our ideas about environments.
D. Getting active in the acts of sustainability.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“In a way， regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean－up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们的可持续发展行为。另一个很好的例子是任何清理行为。这在主要的海滩和公园里尤其受欢迎，因为那里总是有垃圾要捡，有垃圾要清除。)”可知，文章第三段表明应积极参与可持续发展的行动。故选D项。
答案：D
3. What does Jeffrey Skibins think of regenerative tourism？
A. It makes travelers closely connected.
B. It gives personal satisfaction to travelers.
C. It leaves a short－term effect on tourists.
D. It helps tourists improve their learning ability.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Jeffrey Skibins所说“Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally， conservation behaviors enable tourists to develop life－long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.(许多游客表示，他们感到深深的个人满足感，与大自然的联系更紧密了。此外，保护行为使游客能够围绕这些问题进行终身学习，并在家中继续这些行为。)”可知，Jeffrey Skibins认为再生旅游给旅行者带来了个人的满足。故选B项。
答案：B
4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？
A. Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part
B. Travelling patterns make a difference to the environment
C. Conservation behavior enjoys its popularity among households
D. The idea of sustainability takes root in all enthusiastic travelers
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第三段中的“In a way， regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们的可持续发展行为。)”及最后一段中的“Regenerative means 'to renew and revive'， which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover.(再生的意思是”更新和恢复“，这正是许多旅行者为帮助环境恢复所做的事情。)”可知，本文介绍了什么是“再生旅游”及“再生旅游”中，游客应该如何去做。A项“Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part(再生旅游邀请游客尽自己的一份力量)”适合作文章标题。故选A项。
答案：A
B
When wildfire smoke from huge fires in Canada blanketed the US in the summer of 2023， emergency rooms saw an increase in admissions for lung problems， heart attacks and other health issues.
Burning fossil fuels has driven climate change， and now climate change is costing people their health and increasingly their lives， says a new report from the medical journal The Lancet. The eighth annual Lancet Countdown， an international analysis that tracks nearly 50 different health－focused issues affected by climate change， calls for an immediate wind－down of fossil fuel use.
Those with the least historical responsibility for causing climate change are feeling the worst effects. Pakistan－a country responsible for roughly 0.3％ of all climate－change－causing carbon emissions， suffered huge floods in 2022 that displaced more than 30 million people and killed at least 1，700. However， wealthier countries cannot be spared. In the US， wildfire smoke this summer sent people to the emergency room from New York to Georgia. In Europe， a 2022 summer heat wave resulted in over 60，000 deaths.
About one fifth of all US residents work outdoors； the percentages are even higher in many other countries. When it gets too hot， it gets harder and harder to work. Last year， the report says， outdoor workers lost more than 140 hours each－or several weeks of pay－because of the intense heat.
The human and economic costs are forecast to grow with every tenth of a degree hotter the planet gets. Heat－related deaths， for example， could increase by nearly five times by the middle of the century， if without immediate reductions to carbon emissions.
“I have a young patient who presents with uncontrollable asthma. She lives right next to a highway and is breathing in harmful air from cars burning gas，” Renee Salas， a doctor at Harvard’s Chan School of Public Health says. “So the treatment she needs is electric vehicles， home weatherization and air purification. These are prescriptions I can’t write.”
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了化石燃料的使用使得气候恶化，进而危害人类的健康和生命，并阻碍了经济的发展。
5. What can be learned from Paragraph 3？
A. The wildfire has burned large areas of forest.
B. Pakistan is largely responsible for climate change.
C. Climate change has caused a lot of human deaths.
D. People in wealthier countries have good health care.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pakistan－a country responsible for roughly 0.3％ of all climate－change－causing carbon emissions， suffered huge floods in 2022 that displaced more than 30 million people and killed at least 1，700. However， wealthier countries cannot be spared. In the US， wildfire smoke this summer sent people to the emergency room from New York to Georgia. In Europe， a 2022 summer heat wave resulted in over 60，000 deaths.(巴基斯坦的碳排放量约占所有气候变化导致的碳排放量的0.3％，该国在2022年遭受了巨大的洪水，造成3 000多万人流离失所，至少1 700人死亡。然而，富裕国家也不能幸免。在美国，今年夏天，从纽约到乔治亚州，人们都被野火烟雾送往急诊室。在欧洲，2022年夏季的热浪导致6万多人死亡。)”可知，气候变化导致了很多人死亡。故选C。
6. Which statement will the author probably agree with？
A. American residents worked very hard last year.
B. There is nothing people can do about climate change.
C. The economy has also been affected by climate change.
D. Heat－related deaths will double by the middle of the century.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When it gets too hot， it gets harder and harder to work. Last year， the report says， outdoor workers lost more than 140 hours each－or several weeks of pay－because of the intense heat.(当天气太热时，工作就会越来越难。报告说，去年，由于酷暑，户外工作者每人损失了140多个小时，也就是几周的工资。)”及第五段“The human and economic costs are forecast to grow with every tenth of a degree hotter the planet gets. Heat－related deaths， for example， could increase by nearly five times by the middle of the century， if without immediate reductions to carbon emissions.(据预测，地球温度每升高0.1度，人类和经济成本就会增加。例如，如果不立即减少碳排放，到本世纪中叶，与热有关的死亡人数可能会增加近五倍。)”可知，经济也受到了气候变化的影响。故选C。
答案：C
7. What does Renee Salas imply in the last paragraph？
A. She advocates green lifestyle.
B. She prefers to drive an electric car to work.
C. Young people are more likely to get asthma.
D. Hospitals are short of medicines to treat asthma.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“'I have a young patient who presents with uncontrollable asthma. She lives right next to a highway and is breathing in harmful air from cars burning gas，' Renee Salas， a doctor at Harvard’s Chan School of Public Health says. 'So the treatment she needs is electric vehicles， home weatherization and air purification. These are prescriptions I can’t write.'(”我有一个年轻的病人，她表现出无法控制的哮喘。她就住在高速公路旁边，呼吸着汽车燃烧汽油产生的有害空气。“哈佛大学陈公共卫生学院的医生Renee Salas说，”所以她需要的治疗是电动汽车、家庭气象和空气净化。这些处方我写不出来。“)”可推断，Renee Salas倡导绿色生活。故选A。
答案：A
8. What is the text mainly about？
A. The advantage of living in the US.
B. The cause of climate change.
C. The stress of working outdoors.
D. The harm of climate change.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文， 尤其是第二段中的“Burning fossil fuels has driven climate change， and now climate change is costing people their health and increasingly their lives， says a new report from the medical journal The Lancet.(医学杂志《柳叶刀》的一份新报告称，燃烧化石燃料导致了气候变化，现在气候变化正在损害人们的健康，并越来越多地危及人们的生命。)”，再结合文章主要说明了化石燃料的使用使得气候恶化，进而危害人类的健康和生命，并阻碍了经济的发展可知，本文主要讲的是气候变化的危害。故选D。
答案：D
Ⅱ.完形填空
Merle Liivand was born in Estonia. As a child， she had health problems， and later she began swimming to help her lungs get 1 . She was soon taking part in open water swimming contests， sometimes even in icy water.
Eleven years ago， Ms Liivand moved to Miami， Florida. She nearly wound up 2 some plastic that was 3 in the sea in one training session.
That 4 made her think of all the sea animals who faced similar 5 every day. She decided she wanted to work to make people more 6 of plastic pollution.
Thinking about sea creatures gave her the 7 of swimming like one. She began swimming with a 8 single swimming fin attached to both of her feet. This rubbery “monofin” allows her to swim by 9 both of her legs together.
“Swimming with the monofin without using my arms is 10 to how dolphins and marine animals swim，” says Ms Liivand. She believes that swimming with a monofin “sends a bigger 11 ”.
On May 7， “eco－mermaid” Merle Liivand 12 her own world record for swimming with a single fin. She swam the distance of a full marathon in the rough waters of Biscayne Bay， Florida.
Along the way， Ms Liivand 13 all the trash she found and put it in the kayak. By the end of her marathon， the kayak 14 three bags full of trash. “At the end of the day，” she says， “this isn’t just about a 15 . It’s about helping the community and the world.”
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Merle Liivand装扮成“生态美人鱼”，游马拉松唤起人们对塑料污染的重视，保护海洋环境的故事。
1. A. slimmer B. stronger
C. softer D. heavier
答案：B
解析：根据前面的“As a child， she had health problems”可知，她有健康问题，因此通过游泳让肺变得强壮。故选B。
2. A. swallowing B. discovering
C. encountering D. crashing
答案：A
解析：根据前面的“She nearly wound up”和后面的some plastic可知，她差点儿吞下一些塑料。故选A。
3. A. circling B. spinning
C. floating D. sinking
答案：C
解析：结合前面的plastic和后面的“in the sea”可知，此处指漂浮在海里的塑料。故选C。
4. A. disaster B. adventure
C. exploration D. experience
答案：D
解析：结合第二段“Eleven years ago， Ms Liivand moved to Miami，
Florida. She nearly wound up 2 some plastic that was 3 in the sea in
one training session.”可知，这是一次经历。故选D。
5. A. pollution B. dilemma
C. fortune D. mess
答案：A
解析：结合前面的plastic和“in the sea”可知，此处指这让她想到海洋生物每天都会面临塑料污染。故选A。
6. A. afraid B. aware C. short D. sure
答案：B
解析：结合前面的“She decided she wanted to work to make people more”和后面的“of plastic pollution”可知，她决定要努力让人们更多地意识到塑料污染。故选B。
7. A. honor B. knowledge
C. fantasy D. idea
答案：D
解析：根据后面的“swimming like one”可知，像海洋生物一样游泳是她的一个想法。故选D。
8. A. special B. heavy C. thick D. solid
答案：A
解析：根据后面的“single swimming fin attached to both of her feet”可知，她以两只脚上都系着一个特殊的游泳鳍的方式开始游泳。故选A。
9. A. lifting B. kicking
C. floating D. fastening
答案：B
解析：结合后面的“both of her legs together”可知，这种橡胶“单鳍”可以让她通过同时踢动双腿来游泳。故选B。
10. A. beneficial B. useful
C. similar D. true
答案：C
解析：根据前面的“Swimming with the monofin without using my arms”和后面的“how dolphins and marine animals swim”可知，在不使用手臂的情况下用单鳍游泳，类似海豚和海洋动物的游泳方式。故选C。
11. A. request B. agreement
C. letter D. message
答案：D
12. A. broke B. set C. kept D. made
答案：A
解析：根据后面的“her own world record for swimming with a single fin”可知，她打破了自己的单鳍游泳世界纪录。故选A。
解析：根据前面的“She believes that swimming with a monofin”和前文的
“make people more 6 of plastic pollution”可知，她认为单鳍游泳
“传递了一个更大的信息”。故选D。
13. A. rolled over B. picked up
C. tested out D. cared about
答案：B
解析：结合后面的“all the trash she found and put it in the kayak”可知，在游泳的过程中，她还捡起海里的垃圾。故选B。
14. A. piled B. buried C. held D. stayed
答案：C
解析：根据前面的“put it in the kayak”和后面的“three bags full of trash”可知，皮划艇上装了三袋垃圾。故选C。
15. A. fin B. sea C. marathon D. record
答案：D
解析：结合前面的“her own world record for swimming with a single fin”和后面的“It’s about helping the community and the world.”可知，她认为她这次游泳不仅仅是一个纪录，这是在帮助社区和世界。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Recently， residents in a youth apartment building in downtown Shenzhen have planted the seed， cultivating(形成) 1. unique city lifestyle. They can farm their own land， which can 2. (access) just an elevator ride away to the top of their building. There they can grow vegetables， while 3. (communicate) with other renters and taking in the skyline of the city.
Huang Suyun， the founder of the youth apartment building， 4. (see) positive changes in her own life since “farming” and other social activities were introduced to the rooftop of it. 5. (additional)， the experience of tending the gardens allows her 6. (make) friends and get to know others who either live in the building or visit from outside.
The rooftop heaven covers a total area of 450 square meters and consists 7. a sightseeing zone， a shaded leisure area as well as the urban farming section. “There’s space to exercise， like doing yoga at the leisure zone， and then to walk over to check the vegetables，” says Xie Jing， an architect 8. undertook the project.
An increasing number of urban 9. (resident) at home and abroad have started to seek a social life that promotes environmental 10. (protect) and personal health， which is good news for sustainability and community activity development， experts say.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些深圳市的年轻公寓居民通过在他们公寓楼顶的城市农场种植自己的蔬菜，形成了一种独特的城市生活方式，这种生活方式有利于社区活动的发展和环境保护。
答案：a
1.解析：考查冠词。句意：最近，深圳市中心一栋青年公寓的居民种下了种子，形成了一种独特的城市生活方式。lifestyle为可数名词，此处泛指“一种生活方式”，故应用不定冠词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
答案：be accessed
2.解析：考查动词的语态。句意：他们可以种植自己的土地，只需要乘坐电梯就能到达公寓的顶楼去种植。此处which指代前文的land，与access之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词can，故填be accessed。
答案：communicating
3.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可以边种植蔬菜，边和其他居民聊天并欣赏城市的天际线。此处作状语，communicate与主语they之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词，故填communicating。
答案：has seen
4.解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：自从种植和社交活动在公寓顶楼开始以来，公寓楼的建设者Huang Suyun已经看到了积极的改变。Huang Suyun为主语，为单数，此处为谓语动词，根据后文的since可知，此处应用现在完成时，且助动词用has，故填has seen。
答案：Additionally
5.解析：考查副词。句意：而且，料理花园的这一体验让她能够与住在这栋楼里或外面来参观的其他人交朋友，相互了解。此处作状语，故应用副词，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Additionally。
答案：to make
6.解析：考查动词不定式。句意同上题。此处意为“允许某人做某事”，表达为allow sb. to do sth.，故应用不定式作宾补，故填to make。
答案：who/that
8.解析：考查定语从句。句意：承担这项工程的Xie Jing说道：“有空间锻炼，比如说你可以在乘凉处练瑜伽，然后走过去料理一下蔬菜。”此处引导定语从句，先行词为Xie Jing，指人，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用who或that引导，故填who/that。
答案：of
7.解析：考查介词。句意：天楼面积为450平方米，由一个观光区、乘凉处和城市农耕区构成。此处意为“由……构成”，表达为consist of，故填of。
答案：residents
9.解析：考查名词的数。句意：越来越多的国内外城市居民已启动了寻求促进环境保护和个人健康的社会生活，专家表示，这对可持续发展和社区活动发展来说是个好消息。此处resident“居民”为可数名词，且空前有An increasing number of“大量的，许多的”，故应用名词复数作宾语，故填residents。
答案：protection
10.解析：考查名词。句意同上题。此处空前为形容词environmental“环境的”，故应用名词，作promotes的宾语，故填protection。