Period Two Using language
语言精讲
1.(2)devoted; has devoted/devotes; devotion (3)teaching
(4)devoted ourselves to protecting;were devoted to protecting
2.(2)damaging (3)damaged (4)do/cause great damage to
3.(2)to (3)by (4)reduction (5)reduce stress (6)was reduced to tears
4.(3)without permission (4)permit me to express warm welcome to (5)Weather permitting
语法归纳
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.shaking 2.heard 3.sing;singing 4.known
5.growing 6.taken 7.running 8.pulled 9.spoken
10.locked
●Ⅱ 1.blowing on my face
2.hear his name called
3.found his hometown greatly changed
4.watching the train leave
5.waiting for a long timePeriod Two Using language
Ⅰ.1.sailing 2.moving 3.displayed 4.going
5.passing 6.removed 7.restored 8.monitored
9.stealing 10.smoking 11.cut
Ⅱ.1.heard my name called
2.caught my brother eating
3.so many eyes staring at him
4.her request refused
5.being carried into the hospital
Ⅲ.1.making 2.Informed 3.to explain 4.Hearing
5.to keep 6.to circle 7.taking 8.landed 9.were called 10.explained
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了杨河六年如一日用相机记录江豚种群变化的故事,并介绍了江豚对长江生态环境的特殊依赖。同时,文章也提到了由于人类活动的影响,江豚数量减少,但保护措施的实施使得情况有所改善。
1.B 根据上文“…has observed the changes in finless porpoises (江豚) population with his camera for six years.”和下文“…he has taken more than 100,000 photos of them so far.”可推知,杨河非常喜欢江豚,是江豚爱好者。故选B项。leader领导; admirer爱慕者,爱好者; hunter猎人; advisor顾问。
2.A 根据上文“Yang He, a 64-year-old man from Yichang, Hubei, has observed the changes in finless porpoises (江豚) population with his camera for six years.”可知,杨河一直用相机观察江豚种群变化,结合常识可知,他需要到长江岸边去观察江豚。故选A项。bank岸,银行; wave波浪; beach海滩; sight景色。
3.B 根据下文for hours可知,抓拍江豚需要耐心地等待。故选B项。suddenly突然; patiently耐心地; formally正式地; strangely奇怪地。
4.D 根据上文“…he has taken more than 100,000 photos of them so far.”可知,杨河是江豚爱好者,他一直在给江豚拍照,结合选项和常识可知,他要拍的是江豚的美。故选D项。imagination想象力; anxiety焦虑; strength力量; beauty美丽。
5.C 根据下文“They are just like his children. As soon as one of them comes out from the water, he can tell which family it…”可知,江豚像杨河的孩子,他非常了解江豚。故选C项。follow跟随;listen倾听;know了解;exchange交换。
6.A 根据上文“They are just like his children.”和which family可推知,杨河非常了解江豚,知道每只江豚属于哪个家族。故选A项。belong to属于;focus on集中于; apply for申请; adapt to适应。
7.B 根据下文“…any change in the health of its living environment can support or…its survival.”可知,长江环境的变化会影响江豚的生存,所以它们之间联系紧密。故选B项。addicted上瘾的; connected连接的,有联系的;convenient方便的;important重要的。
8.A 根据选择连词or可推知,用threaten(威胁)与support(帮助)构成选择关系,表示两种不同的影响。故选A项。threaten威胁;balance平衡;protect保护;promote促进。
9.C 根据常识和下文boats in the river可推知,以前,江豚会在江里追逐船只嬉戏玩耍。故选C项。crash碰撞; trap卡住,困住; track追踪,追逐;prevent防止。
10.B 根据句意和常识可知,human activities是“…finless porpoises became fewer.”的原因,用due to引导原因状语。故选B项。in addition to除了; due to由于; in spite of尽管; apart from除了。
11.C 根据上文“…the situation has changed…”可知,保护措施起到作用,有效果,所以情况发生了变化。故选C项。 global全球的; possible可能的; effective有效的;historic历史的。
12.B 根据“…take a photo of a finless porpoise after a long waiting.”可知,经过长时间的守候,杨终于拍到了一只江豚,这是幸运的事情。故选B项。creative创造性的; fortunate幸运的; magic神奇的; valuable有价值的。
13.A 根据下文fish near the riverbank可推知,江豚在江岸附近捕食,被杨拍了下来。故选A项。catch抓住; strike打,击; kick踢; draw画画。
14.D 根据下文“…whose tail became entangled (缠住) with a rope.”可知,一只江豚的尾巴被绳子缠住,杨发现并救了它。故选D项。inspire激励; approach接近;reserve保留;rescue营救。
15.C 根据上文可知,杨河六年如一日用相机记录江豚种群变化,他把记录这种神奇的生物作为一生的工作。故选C项。conquer征服;remind提醒;document记录;identify确认。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了每年在英国有大量的旧衣服和鞋子被扔掉,最后被扔进了垃圾填埋场,对环境造成了污染。文章介绍了一些对于旧衣服和鞋子的环保处理方法。
1.G 根据上文“Every year in the UK, 336,000 tons of unwanted old clothing and shoes are thrown out and sent to landfills (废物填埋场), according to Recycle Now.”可知,此处说的是这些被扔进废物填埋场的旧衣服和鞋子对环境造成了污染,与G项 (这会导致温室气体产生,并让化学物质进入土壤。)上下文一致,符合文意,故选G项。
2.B 根据上文“You can use pieces of old cloth as filling for pillows.”可知,此处是在说旧衣服的用途,与B项 (或者你可以把你喜欢的东西变成一个洋娃娃。)上下文一致,符合文意,故选B项。
3.E 根据上文“Another very good way to reuse old textiles (纺织品) made of cotton like T-shirts is to cut the clothing up and use it as cleaning cloths around your home.”可知,此处是在讲述旧衣服做清洁布的好处,与E项 (与纸巾不同,清洁布可以清洗和重复使用。)上下文一致,符合文意,故选E项。
4.C 根据上文“Besides, animal shelters are always looking for used towels and blankets to keep their animals warm.”可知,此处是在讲述旧毛巾和毯子在动物收容所中的用处,与C项 (所以你可以把你不需要的衣服捐给这些地方。)上下文一致,符合文意,故选C项。
5.D 根据下文“Green Life is one of them. For a small fee, Green Life will ship you a bag that can be filled with up to 25 pounds of used clothing and sent to the company for reuse. When the bag is received, the sender receives a small amount of money to be used on the company’s website. Everything Green Life sells is made of recycled fibres.”可知,Green Life是一家回收服务公司,与D项 (一些服装公司有自己的回收服务。)上下文一致,符合文意,故选D项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了故宫博物院实施零废弃计划的情况。
1.a 考查冠词。可数名词decrease在句中是泛指,用不定冠词修饰,decrease发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
2.when 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词January 2020,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语,应使用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。
3.protecting 考查非谓语动词。 分析句子可知,空处应用非谓语动词,protect与其逻辑主语the action之间是主动关系,应用现在分词。故填protecting。
4.have been equipped 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,动词equip与主语four types of trash bins之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语so far,应使用现在完成时,又因主语是复数名词,谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态,复数形式。故填have been equipped。
5.management 考查名词。空处作介词on的宾语,用名词management,意为“管理”,不可数名词。故填management。
6.correctly 考查副词。空处修饰动词sorted,用副词correctly作状语,意为“正确地”。故填correctly。
7.to make 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,“…cultural and creative products…”是“…recycled more than 32,000 plastic bottles…”的目的,用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
8.by 考查介词。a reduction by…是固定搭配,意为“减少了……”。故填by。
9.and 考查连词。分析句子可知,“minimize the production of waste…”和“bring the amount of such waste as close to zero…”是并列关系,用并列连词and连接。故填and。
10.guides 考查名词复数。tourist guide意为“导游”,由数词40,000修饰,应用复数形式。故填guides。Period Two Using language
1.devote v. 致力,献身,倾注
(教材P86) Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.
现在,她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。
(1)devote…to… 把……用于……;把……奉献给……
(2)devoted adj. 全心全意的,忠诚的
be devoted to… 致力于……(to是介词)
(3)devotion n. 奉献;忠诚
【活学活用】
(1)As a doctor, she is devoted to curing every patient of hers.
作为一名医生,她致力于治愈她的每一个病人。
(2)The teacher
all his time and energy to cultivating his students, and we are all moved by his to the education. (devote)
(3)She gave up her part-time job and devoted herself to (teach) art.
(4)一句多译
To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves, so it is high time that we
the ocean. (devote)
→ To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves, so it is high time that we
the ocean. (devoted)
保护海洋就是保护我们自己,所以是时候我们致力于保护海洋了。
2.damage v.破损,损害,损伤 n.损害;损伤
(教材P87) In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.
近年来,我们看到了大片被人类活动破坏的湿地。
(1)do/cause damage to…
对……造成损害/破坏
(2)damaging adj. 有害的
【活学活用】
(1)The fire completely destroyed five buildings and severely damaged several more.
大火完全烧毁了五座建筑物,并严重损坏了另外几座建筑物。
(2)Many chemicals have a (damage) effect on the environment.
(3)With his reputation (damage), he regretted having done so.
(4)Permanent white trash can the environment.
不能降解的白色垃圾会对环境造成很大危害。
3.reduce v. 减少,降低
(教材P88) Try to reduce your carbon footprint.
努力减少你的碳足迹。
(1)reduce…to… 把……减少到……
reduce…by… 把……减少了……
reduce…to (doing)…/be reduced to (doing)…
(使)陷于……窘境;(使)沦落为……
(2)reduction n. 减少
【活学活用】
(1)The poor man was reduced to begging.
那可怜的人沦落到乞讨的窘境。
(2)The selling price is reduced $268 from the original price $488.
(3)Though the price of the house has been reduced 10%, we still can’t afford it.
(4)Measures should be taken to ensure a further (reduce) in carbon emissions.
(5)Working out can help you
and get over negative feelings.
锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力, 克服消极情绪。
(6)She by their criticisms.
他们的批评使她流下了眼泪。
4.permission n. 允许,许可,批准
(教材P89) A polite interruption is usually framed as a request for permission to interrupt someone,often starting with If…,May I… or Can I…
礼貌的打断通常表达为请求允许打断别人, 常以“If…”,“May I… ”或者“Can I… ”开头。
(1)without permission
未经许可
ask (for) permission 请求许可
give sb permission to do sth
允许某人做某事
(2)permit v. 允许(permit—permitted—permitted)
n. 许可证
permit doing sth 允许做某事
permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
time/weather permitting=if time/weather permits
如果时间/天气允许的话
【活学活用】
(1)People are not permitted to smoke on the high-speed trains.
高铁上禁止吸烟。
(2)The permit runs for three months.
许可证的有效期为三个月。
(3)The books in the library can’t be taken out .
图书馆里面的书未经许可不得带出。
(4)On behalf of our school, please
our distinguished guest Mr Smith.
请允许我代表我们学校向我们的贵宾史密斯先生表示热烈的欢迎。
(5) (=If the weather is good enough), we’ll have a picnic at the beach.
如果天气允许,我们将在海滩野餐。
分词作宾语补足语
现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语是高考的一个重点,在平时的阅读和语法填空中也很常见。
一、现在分词作宾语补足语
1.现在分词作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。如:
When I looked over my shoulder, I saw my parents still standing there waving me goodbye.
当我回头看时,我看到我的父母仍然站在那里向我挥手告别。
2.可用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
(1)感官动词:一感feel;二听hear,listen to;五看see,look at,watch,notice,observe。如:
She is listening to the birds singing.
她正在听鸟儿唱歌。
I didn’t notice him sleeping in the class.
我没注意到他在课堂上睡觉。
(2)使役动词:常见的有have,keep,set,get,leave等。如:
Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain.
别让她在外边雨里等着。
3.动词-ing形式与动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,表示动作正在发生或进行;动词不定式作宾语补足语时,表示动作全过程已经结束。
[温馨提示] 感官动词和使役动词用于主动语态时,作宾语补足语的不定式省略to,但在用于被动语态时,需要还原不定式符号to(let除外)。如:
We heard him read English just now.
→He was heard to read English by us just now.
我们刚才听到他读英语了。
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词可以作宾语补足语,用于“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(+其他)”句式,谓语通常为see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,feel,have,make,get,like,want,wish,order等。其中过去分词和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如:
He was trying to make himself understood.
他正努力让自己被理解。(此句中himself与understand之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住时,我们决定在家度假。(此句中the road与block之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
I have my hair cut twice a month.
我每个月剪两次头发。(此句中my hair与cut之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The freezing temperature outside left him (shake) with cold.
2.He raised his voice in order to make himself (hear).
3.—Do you often hear John (sing) in his room
—Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him (sing) in his room.
4.You need to talk to us and make your view (know).
5.In time you will find yourself (grow) into a well-rounded individual.
6.We had some photos (take) in the park last weekend.
7.He left the water (run) all night long.
8.We had better have the dangerous house (pull) down as soon as possible.
9.To learn English well, we should find chances to hear English (speak) as much as possible.
10.They kept the door (lock) for a long time.
●Ⅱ 句型训练
1.I could feel the wind .
我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。
2.As he was pushing his bicycle across the tracks, he was surprised to .
当他推着自行车穿过轨道时,他听到有人叫他的名字,这让他很意外。
3.When he came back after 10 years, he .
当他10年后回来时,他发现他的家乡发生了巨大变化。
4.We stood there, until it disappeared out of our sight.
我们站在那里,看着火车离开,直到它消失在我们的视线之外。
5.I’m sorry for keeping you .
抱歉让你等了很久。Period Two Using language
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Standing on the mountaintop, we saw many large ships (sail)in the ocean.
2.He was just about to sit down when he felt something (move) near his feet.
3.The highlight of our tour to the city was visiting the museum, where we saw masses of artworks (display).
4.A member of the hotel staff was seen (go) round the bar asking people if they were Mr Miller.
5.I stood on the bridge and watched the boats (pass) by.
6.He had the dirt (remove) from his shoes before coming into the room.
7.The government had the ancient tower (restore) on the eve of the festival.
8.They used some video cameras to keep the canteen (monitor) the whole time.
9.The young man was caught (steal) a car.
10.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (smoke) in the kitchen.
11.You’d better have your hair (cut) before going to your friend’s wedding.
●Ⅱ 完成句子
1.I when I pushed my way through the crowd.
当我挤过人群时,听到有人喊我的名字。
2.I the cake I hid in the fridge.
我撞见我哥哥正在吃我藏在冰箱里的蛋糕。
3.With , he felt slightly uneasy. 有这么多双眼睛盯着他看,他感到有点不自在。
4.Unfortunately, she had in the end.
不幸的是,她的请求最终被拒绝了。
5.She saw the wounded man .
她看到那个受伤的男人被抬进了医院。
●Ⅲ 语篇填空
Three men in a basket
A pilot noticed a balloon 1. (make) for a Royal Air Force station nearby. 2. (inform) at once, no one at the station was able 3. (explain) the mystery. 4. (hear) the news, the officer in the control tower was very angry because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft. He said that someone might be spying on the station and the pilot was ordered 5. (keep) track of the strange object.
The pilot managed 6. (circle) the balloon for some time. He could make out three men in the basket under it and one of them was holding a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜). When the balloon was over the station, the pilot saw one of the men 7. (take) photographs.
Soon afterwards, the balloon began to descend and it 8. (land) near an airfield. The police 9. (call) in, but they could not arrest anyone, for the basket contained two Members of Parliament(议会议员) and the commanding officer(指挥官) of the station! As the commanding officer 10. (explain) later, one half of the station did not know what the other half was doing!
●Ⅳ 完形填空
[2024·河北省石家庄市高一期末]
Yang He, a 64-year-old man from Yichang, Hubei, has observed the changes in finless porpoises (江豚) population with his camera for six years. As a(n) 1 of the finless porpoise, he has taken more than 100,000 photos of them so far.
Every day, Yang wakes up early and drives to the 2 of the Yangtze River. He waits 3 there for hours for finless porpoises to capture (捕捉) their 4 with his camera. Yang 5 finless porpoises very well. They are just like his children. As soon as one of them comes out from the water, he can tell which family it 6 .
The Yangtze finless porpoise is so 7 to the Yangtze River that any change in the health of its living environment can support or 8 its survival. “When I was a teenager, I could see many finless porpoises. I would often observe them 9 boats in the river,” Yang says. “But 10 human activities, finless porpoises became fewer.”
However, the situation has changed as 11 measures have been taken to protect the species. In 2017, Yang was 12 enough to take a photo of a finless porpoise after a long waiting. In 2019, he was able to take more photos, including images of the porpoises 13 fish near the riverbank.
Thanks to his camera, he once discovered and 14 a porpoise whose tail became entangled (缠住) with a rope. “I will make it my life’s work to 15 this amazing creature,” Yang says.
( )1.A.leader B.admirer
C.hunter D.advisor
( )2.A.banks B.waves
C.beaches D.sights
( )3.A.suddenly B.patiently
C.formally D.strangely
( )4.A.imagination B.anxiety
C.strength D.beauty
( )5.A.follows B.listens
C.knows D.exchanges
( )6.A.belongs to B.focuses on
C.applies for D.adapts to
( )7.A.addicted B.connected
C.convenient D.important
( )8.A.threaten B.balance
C.protect D.promote
( )9.A.crashing B.trapping
C.tracking D.preventing
( )10.A.in addition to B.due to
C.in spite of D.apart from
( )11.A.global B.possible
C.effective D.historic
( )12.A.creative B.fortunate
C.magic D.valuable
( )13.A.catching B.striking
C.kicking D.drawing
( )14.A.inspired B.approached
C.reserved D.rescued
( )15.A.conquer B.remind
C.document D.identify
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·广东省江门市高一期末]
Used clothing that you no longer wear can be donated to charities. And clothing with broken zippers or missing buttons can be repaired and worn again. But what do you do when your favourite shirt is too torn to wear or your socks have too many holes
Every year in the UK, 336,000 tons of unwanted old clothing and shoes are thrown out and sent to landfills (废物填埋场), according to Recycle Now. 1. So, instead of throwing away these old clothes, try one of these eco-friendly ways to give them a second chance.
One of the best ways to deal with unwanted clothing is to make it into something completely different. You can use pieces of old cloth as filling for pillows. 2.
Another very good way to reuse old textiles (纺织品) made of cotton like T-shirts is to cut the clothing up and use it as cleaning cloths around your home. 3. And they are greener than using microfibre cleaning towels that drop fibres when washed.
Besides, animal shelters are always looking for used towels and blankets to keep their animals warm. 4. And while you are throwing away your textiles, remember that shelters could use donations of unopened pet food and things too.
5. Green Life is one of them. For a small fee, Green Life will ship you a bag that can be filled with up to 25 pounds of used clothing and sent to the company for reuse. When the bag is received, the sender receives a small amount of money to be used on the company’s website. Everything Green Life sells is made of recycled fibres.
A.You can bring your clothing to Green Life.
B.Or you can turn something you like into a doll.
C.So you can donate your unwanted clothing to such places.
D.Some clothing companies have their own recycling services.
E.The cleaning cloths can be washed and reused, unlike paper towels.
F.Check to see whether certain items you are throwing out can be donated.
G.This leads to greenhouse gases and allows chemicals to get into the soil.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·浙江省杭州二中高一期末]
The Palace Museum is becoming waste-free as the 720,000-square-metre structure has managed to reduce the number of trash bins to 110 sets in areas open to the public. This is 1. decrease from 310 sets recorded in January 2020, 2. a zero-waste campaign was launched, said the museum.
While 3. (protect) features of the six-century-old historical relic, the action also helps visitors and tourists get into the habit of creating less waste, said the museum.
According to China News, so far, four types of trash bins 4. (equip) following Beijing’s regulations (条例) on the 5. (manage) of household waste. Cleaning staff also check them to make sure all rubbish is 6. (correct) sorted, which is transported later to different destinations for disposal (处理).
The museum also recycled more than 32,000 plastic bottles 7. (make) cultural and creative products between June 2021 and October 2023, meaning a reduction in carbon emission (碳排放) 8. as many as 931 kilograms.
By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a careful, science-based way to waste. The target is to minimize the production of waste that needs to be buried or burned 9. bring the amount of such waste as close to zero as possible, said the museum.
Up to now, about 3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 tourist 10. (guide) and 21 million visitors have participated in the campaign. (共62张PPT)
Period Two
Using language
语言精讲
语法归纳
练习册
1.devote v. 致力,献身,倾注
(教材P86) Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted to
ocean conservation.
现在,她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。
(1)devote…to… 把……用于……；把……奉献给……
(2)devoted adj. 全心全意的,忠诚的
be devoted to… 致力于……(to是介词)
(3)devotion n. 奉献；忠诚
【活学活用】
(1)As a doctor, she is devoted to curing every patient of hers.
作为一名医生，她致力于治愈她的每一个病人。
(2)The ___________teacher __________________________all his time and
energy to cultivating his students, and we are all moved by his
____________to the education. (devote)
devoted
has devoted/devotes
devotion
(3)She gave up her part-time job and devoted herself
to____________(teach) art.
teaching
(4)一句多译
To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves, so it is high time that
we ________________________________________the ocean. (devote)
→ To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves, so it is high time
that we ___________________________________the ocean. (devoted)
保护海洋就是保护我们自己,所以是时候我们致力于保护海洋了。
devoted ourselves to protecting
were devoted to protecting
2.damage v.破损,损害,损伤 n.损害;损伤
(教材P87) In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that
were damaged by human activity.
近年来,我们看到了大片被人类活动破坏的湿地。
(1)do/cause damage to… 对……造成损害/破坏
(2)damaging adj. 有害的
【活学活用】
(1)The fire completely destroyed five buildings and severely
damaged several more.
大火完全烧毁了五座建筑物，并严重损坏了另外几座建筑物。
(2)Many chemicals have a _____________ (damage) effect on the
environment.
(3)With his reputation_____________(damage), he regretted having
done so.
damaging
damaged
(4)Permanent white trash can __________________________________
the environment.
不能降解的白色垃圾会对环境造成很大危害。
do/cause great damage to
3.reduce v. 减少,降低
(教材P88) Try to reduce your carbon footprint.
努力减少你的碳足迹。
(1)reduce…to… 把……减少到……
reduce…by… 把……减少了……
reduce…to (doing)…/be reduced to (doing)…
(使)陷于……窘境；(使)沦落为……
(2)reduction n. 减少
【活学活用】
(1)The poor man was reduced to begging.
那可怜的人沦落到乞讨的窘境。
(2)The selling price is reduced____ $268 from the original price
$488.
(3)Though the price of the house has been reduced _____ 10%, we
still can't afford it.
(4)Measures should be taken to ensure a further_____________
(reduce) in carbon emissions.
to
by
reduction
(5)Working out can help you _________________and get over
negative feelings.
锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力, 克服消极情绪。
reduce stress
(6)She ___________________________ by their criticisms.
他们的批评使她流下了眼泪。
was reduced to tears
4.permission n. 允许,许可,批准
(教材P89) A polite interruption is usually framed as a request for
permission to interrupt someone,often starting with If…,May I… or
Can I…
礼貌的打断通常表达为请求允许打断别人, 常以“If…”,“May I… ”或者
“Can I… ”开头。
(1)without permission 未经许可
ask (for) permission 请求许可
give sb permission to do sth 允许某人做某事
(2)permit v. 允许(permit—permitted—permitted)
n. 许可证
permit doing sth 允许做某事
permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
time/weather permitting=if time/weather permits
如果时间/天气允许的话
【活学活用】
(1)People are not permitted to smoke on the high-speed trains.
高铁上禁止吸烟。
(2)The permit runs for three months.
许可证的有效期为三个月。
(3)The books in the library can't be taken out
________________________.
图书馆里面的书未经许可不得带出。
without permission
(4)On behalf of our school, please ________________________________
______________________ our distinguished guest Mr Smith.
请允许我代表我们学校向我们的贵宾史密斯先生表示热烈的欢迎。
permit me to express warm welcome to
(5)_________________________ (=If the weather is good enough), we'll
have a picnic at the beach.
如果天气允许，我们将在海滩野餐。
Weather permitting
分词作宾语补足语
现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语是高考的一个重点,在平时的阅读和语法
填空中也很常见。
一、现在分词作宾语补足语
1.现在分词作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,
强调一个过程或一种状态。如:
When I looked over my shoulder, I saw my parents still standing
there waving me goodbye.
当我回头看时，我看到我的父母仍然站在那里向我挥手告别。
2.可用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
(1)感官动词:一感feel;二听hear,listen to;五看see,look
at,watch,notice,observe。如:
She is listening to the birds singing.
她正在听鸟儿唱歌。
I didn't notice him sleeping in the class.
我没注意到他在课堂上睡觉。
(2)使役动词:常见的有have,keep,set,get,leave等。如:
Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.
别让她在外边雨里等着。
3.动词-ing形式与动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,表示动作正在发生或进行;动词不定式作宾语补
足语时,表示动作全过程已经结束。
［温馨提示］ 感官动词和使役动词用于主动语态时,作宾语补足语的不定式省
略to,但在用于被动语态时，需要还原不定式符号to(let除外)。如:
We heard him read English just now.
→He was heard to read English by us just now.
我们刚才听到他读英语了。
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词可以作宾语补足语,用于“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(+其他)”句式,
谓语通常为
see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,feel,have,make,get,like,want,wish,order
等。其中过去分词和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如:
He was trying to make himself understood.
他正努力让自己被理解。(此句中himself与understand之间是逻辑上的动宾
关系)
When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend
the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住时,我们决定在家度假。(此句中the road与block之
间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
I have my hair cut twice a month.
我每个月剪两次头发。(此句中my hair与cut之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
【实战演练】
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The freezing temperature outside left him ___________ (shake)
with cold.
2.He raised his voice in order to make himself ________(hear).
shaking
heard
3.—Do you often hear John _______(sing) in his room
—Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him __________(sing) in his room.
sing
singing
4.You need to talk to us and make your view _________(know).
5.In time you will find yourself ___________ (grow) into a well-
rounded individual.
6.We had some photos ________(take) in the park last weekend.
7.He left the water ___________ (run) all night long.
8.We had better have the dangerous house _________(pull) down as
soon as possible.
known
growing
taken
running
pulled
9.To learn English well, we should find chances to hear English
__________(speak) as much as possible.
10.They kept the door _________(lock) for a long time.
spoken
locked
Ⅱ 句型训练
1.I could feel the wind __________________________.
我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。
blowing on my face
2.As he was pushing his bicycle across the tracks, he was surprised
to ___________________________.
当他推着自行车穿过轨道时,他听到有人叫他的名字,这让他很意外。
hear his name called
3.When he came back after 10 years,
he_______________________________________________.
当他10年后回来时，他发现他的家乡发生了巨大变化。
found his hometown greatly changed
4.We stood there,_______________________________ until it
disappeared out of our sight.
我们站在那里,看着火车离开,直到它消失在我们的视线之外。
watching the train leave
5.I'm sorry for keeping you ______________________________.
抱歉让你等了很久。
waiting for a long time
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Standing on the mountaintop, we saw many large ships
_________(sail)in the ocean.
sailing
2.He was just about to sit down when he felt something
__________(move) near his feet.
moving
3.The highlight of our tour to the city was visiting the museum,
where we saw masses of artworks _____________(display).
displayed
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2
3
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9
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4.A member of the hotel staff was seen ________(go) round the bar
asking people if they were Mr Miller.
going
5.I stood on the bridge and watched the boats __________(pass) by.
passing
6.He had the dirt ____________ (remove) from his shoes before
coming into the room.
removed
7.The government had the ancient tower ___________(restore) on
the eve of the festival.
restored
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8.They used some video cameras to keep the canteen
______________ (monitor) the whole time.
monitored
9.The young man was caught ___________(steal) a car.
stealing
10.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ____________
(smoke) in the kitchen.
smoking
11.You'd better have your hair_____(cut) before going to your
friend's wedding.
cut
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Ⅱ 完成句子
1.I _____________________________ when I pushed my way through
the crowd.
当我挤过人群时，听到有人喊我的名字。
heard my name called
2.I _________________________________ the cake I hid in the fridge.
我撞见我哥哥正在吃我藏在冰箱里的蛋糕。
caught my brother eating
3.With ____________________________________, he felt slightly uneasy.
有这么多双眼睛盯着他看，他感到有点不自在。
so many eyes staring at him
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2
3
4
5
4.Unfortunately, she had _________________________ in the end.
不幸的是，她的请求最终被拒绝了。
her request refused
5.She saw the wounded man ______________________________________.
她看到那个受伤的男人被抬进了医院。
being carried into the hospital
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2
3
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5
Ⅲ 语篇填空
Three men in a basket
A pilot noticed a balloon 1.__________ (make) for a Royal Air
Force station nearby. 2.____________(inform) at once, no one at the
station was able 3.______________(explain) the mystery. 4.___________
(hear) the news, the officer in the control tower was very angry
because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft. He said that
someone might be spying on the station and the pilot was
ordered 5.___________(keep) track of the strange object.
making
Informed
to explain
Hearing
to keep
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The pilot managed 6.___________(circle) the balloon for some
time. He could make out three men in the basket under it and
one of them was holding a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜). When
the balloon was over the station, the pilot saw one of the men
7._________ (take) photographs.
Soon afterwards, the balloon began to descend and it
8.__________ (land) near an airfield. The police 9._______________(call)
in, but they could not arrest anyone, for the basket contained two
Members of Parliament(议会议员) and the commanding officer
(指挥官) of the station! As the commanding officer 10._____________
(explain) later, one half of the station did not know what the other
half was doing!
to circle
taking
landed
were called
explained
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Ⅳ 完形填空
[2024·河北省石家庄市高一期末]
Yang He, a 64-year-old man from Yichang, Hubei, has observed
the changes in finless porpoises (江豚) population with his camera
for six years. As a(n) . .1. . of the finless porpoise, he has taken
more than 100,000 photos of them so far.
Every day, Yang wakes up early and drives to the . .2. . of the
Yangtze River. He waits . .3. . there for hours for finless porpoises to
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capture (捕捉) their . .4. . with his camera. Yang . .5. . finless porpoises
very well. They are just like his children. As soon as one of them
comes out from the water, he can tell which family it . .6. ..
The Yangtze finless porpoise is so . .7. . to the Yangtze River that
any change in the health of its living environment can support
or . .8. . its survival. “When I was a teenager, I could see many
finless porpoises. I would often observe them . .9. . boats in the
river,” Yang says. “But . .10. . human activities, finless porpoises
became fewer.”
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2
3
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7
8
9
10
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12
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However, the situation has changed as . .11. . measures have
been taken to protect the species. In 2017, Yang was . .12. . enough
to take a photo of a finless porpoise after a long waiting. In 2019,
he was able to take more photos, including images of the
porpoises . .13. . fish near the riverbank.
Thanks to his camera, he once discovered and . .14. . a porpoise
whose tail became entangled (缠住) with a rope. “I will make it
my life's work to . .15. . this amazing creature,” Yang says.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了杨河六年如一日用相机记录江
豚种群变化的故事，并介绍了江豚对长江生态环境的特殊依赖。同时，文章也
提到了由于人类活动的影响，江豚数量减少，但保护措施的实施使得情况有所
改善。
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( ) 1.A.leader B.admirer C.hunter D.advisor
B
[解析] 根据上文“…has observed the changes in finless porpoises
(江豚) population with his camera for six years.”和下文“…he has
taken more than 100,000 photos of them so far.”可推知，杨河非常
喜欢江豚，是江豚爱好者。故选B项。leader领导； admirer爱慕者，爱好者；
hunter猎人； advisor顾问。
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( ) 2.A.banks B.waves C.beaches D.sights
A
[解析] 根据上文“Yang He, a 64-year-old man from Yichang, Hubei,
has observed the changes in finless porpoises (江豚) population
with his camera for six years.”可知，杨河一直用相机观察江豚种群变化，
结合常识可知，他需要到长江岸边去观察江豚。故选A项。bank岸，银行；
wave波浪； beach海滩； sight景色。
( ) 3.A.suddenly B.patiently C.formally D.strangely
B
[解析] 根据下文for hours可知，抓拍江豚需要耐心地等待。故选B项。
suddenly突然； patiently耐心地； formally正式地； strangely奇怪地。
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( ) 4.A.imagination B.anxiety C.strength D.beauty
D
[解析] 根据上文“…he has taken more than 100,000 photos of them
so far.”可知，杨河是江豚爱好者，他一直在给江豚拍照，结合选项和常识可
知，他要拍的是江豚的美。故选D项。imagination想象力； anxiety焦虑；
strength力量； beauty美丽。
( ) 5.A.follows B.listens C.knows D.exchanges
C
[解析] 根据下文“They are just like his children. As soon as one of
them comes out from the water, he can tell which family it…”可知，
江豚像杨河的孩子，他非常了解江豚。故选C项。follow跟随；listen倾听；
know了解；exchange交换。
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( ) 6.A.belongs to B.focuses on C.applies for D.adapts to
A
[解析] 根据上文“They are just like his children.”和which family可推
知，杨河非常了解江豚，知道每只江豚属于哪个家族。故选A项。belong to
属于；focus on集中于； apply for申请； adapt to适应。
( ) 7.A.addicted B.connected C.convenient D.important
B
[解析] 根据下文“…any change in the health of its living
environment can support or…its survival.”可知，长江环境的变化会影响
江豚的生存，所以它们之间联系紧密。故选B项。addicted上瘾的；
connected连接的，有联系的；convenient方便的；important重要的。
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( ) 8.A.threaten B.balance C.protect D.promote
A
[解析] 根据选择连词or可推知，用threaten(威胁)与support(帮助)构成选择
关系，表示两种不同的影响。故选A项。threaten威胁；balance平衡；
protect保护；promote促进。
( ) 9.A.crashing B.trapping C.tracking D.preventing
C
[解析] 根据常识和下文boats in the river可推知，以前，江豚会在江里追逐
船只嬉戏玩耍。故选C项。crash碰撞； trap卡住，困住； track追踪，追逐；
prevent防止。
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( ) 10.A.in addition to B.due to C.in spite of D.apart from
B
[解析] 根据句意和常识可知，human activities是“…finless porpoises
became fewer.”的原因，用due to引导原因状语。故选B项。in addition
to除了； due to由于； in spite of尽管； apart from除了。
( ) 11.A.global B.possible C.effective D.historic
C
[解析] 根据上文“…the situation has changed…”可知，保护措施起到作
用，有效果，所以情况发生了变化。故选C项。 global全球的； possible可
能的； effective有效的；historic历史的。
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( ) 12.A.creative B.fortunate C.magic D.valuable
B
[解析] 根据“…take a photo of a finless porpoise after a long
waiting.”可知，经过长时间的守候，杨终于拍到了一只江豚，这是幸运的事
情。故选B项。creative创造性的； fortunate幸运的； magic神奇的；
valuable有价值的。
( ) 13.A.catching B.striking C.kicking D.drawing
A
[解析] 根据下文fish near the riverbank可推知，江豚在江岸附近捕食，被
杨拍了下来。故选A项。catch抓住； strike打，击； kick踢； draw画画。
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( ) 14.A.inspired B.approached C.reserved D.rescued
D
[解析] 根据下文“…whose tail became entangled (缠住) with a rope.”
可知，一只江豚的尾巴被绳子缠住，杨发现并救了它。故选D项。inspire激励；
approach接近；reserve保留；rescue营救。
( ) 15.A.conquer B.remind C.document D.identify
C
[解析] 根据上文可知，杨河六年如一日用相机记录江豚种群变化，他把记录
这种神奇的生物作为一生的工作。故选C项。conquer征服；remind提醒；
document记录；identify确认。
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Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·广东省江门市高一期末]
Used clothing that you no longer wear can be donated to
charities. And clothing with broken zippers or missing buttons can
be repaired and worn again. But what do you do when your
favourite shirt is too torn to wear or your socks have too many
holes
Every year in the UK, 336,000 tons of unwanted old clothing
and shoes are thrown out and sent to landfills (废物填埋场),
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according to Recycle Now. 1.____So, instead of throwing away these
old clothes, try one of these eco-friendly ways to give them a
second chance.
One of the best ways to deal with unwanted clothing is to
make it into something completely different. You can use pieces of
old cloth as filling for pillows. 2.___
Another very good way to reuse old textiles (纺织品) made of
cotton like T-shirts is to cut the clothing up and use it as cleaning
cloths around your home. 3.___And they are greener than using
microfibre cleaning towels that drop fibres when washed.
G
B
E
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Besides, animal shelters are always looking for used towels and
blankets to keep their animals warm. 4.___ And while you are
throwing away your textiles, remember that shelters could use
donations of unopened pet food and things too.
5.____ Green Life is one of them. For a small fee, Green Life
will ship you a bag that can be filled with up to 25 pounds of
used clothing and sent to the company for reuse. When the bag is
received, the sender receives a small amount of money to be used
on the company's website. Everything Green Life sells is made of
recycled fibres.
C
D
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A.You can bring your clothing to Green Life.
B.Or you can turn something you like into a doll.
C.So you can donate your unwanted clothing to such places.
D.Some clothing companies have their own recycling services.
E.The cleaning cloths can be washed and reused, unlike paper
towels.
F.Check to see whether certain items you are throwing out can be
donated.
G.This leads to greenhouse gases and allows chemicals to get into
the soil.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了每年在英国有大量的旧衣服
和鞋子被扔掉，最后被扔进了垃圾填埋场，对环境造成了污染。文章介绍了一
些对于旧衣服和鞋子的环保处理方法。
1.____
G
[解析] 根据上文“Every year in the UK, 336,000 tons of unwanted
old clothing and shoes are thrown out and sent to landfills
(废物填埋场), according to Recycle Now.”可知，此处说的是这些被扔进
废物填埋场的旧衣服和鞋子对环境造成了污染，与G项 (这会导致温室气体产
生，并让化学物质进入土壤。)上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。
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2.___
B
[解析] 根据上文“You can use pieces of old cloth as filling for
pillows.”可知，此处是在说旧衣服的用途，与B项 (或者你可以把你喜欢的东
西变成一个洋娃娃。)上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。
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3.___
E
[解析] 根据上文“Another very good way to reuse old textiles
(纺织品) made of cotton like T-shirts is to cut the clothing up and
use it as cleaning cloths around your home.”可知，此处是在讲述旧衣
服做清洁布的好处，与E项 (与纸巾不同，清洁布可以清洗和重复使用。)上下
文一致，符合文意，故选E项。
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4.___
C
[解析] 根据上文“Besides, animal shelters are always looking for
used towels and blankets to keep their animals warm.”可知，此处是
在讲述旧毛巾和毯子在动物收容所中的用处，与C项 (所以你可以把你不需要
的衣服捐给这些地方。)上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。
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5.____
D
[解析] 根据下文“Green Life is one of them. For a small fee, Green
Life will ship you a bag that can be filled with up to 25 pounds of
used clothing and sent to the company for reuse. When the bag is
received, the sender receives a small amount of money to be used
on the company's website. Everything Green Life sells is made of
recycled fibres.”可知，Green Life是一家回收服务公司，与D项
(一些服装公司有自己的回收服务。)上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。
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Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·浙江省杭州二中高一期末]
The Palace Museum is becoming waste-free as the 720,000-
square-metre structure has managed to reduce the number of
trash bins to 110 sets in areas open to the public. This is 1.___
decrease from 310 sets recorded in January 2020, 2.________ a
zero-waste campaign was launched, said the museum.
While 3.______________ (protect) features of the six-century-old
historical relic, the action also helps visitors and tourists get into
the habit of creating less waste, said the museum.
a
when
protecting
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According to China News, so far, four types of trash bins
4.__________________________ (equip) following Beijing's regulations
(条例) on the 5._________________ (manage) of household waste.
Cleaning staff also check them to make sure all rubbish is
6.____________ (correct) sorted, which is transported later to
different destinations for disposal (处理).
The museum also recycled more than 32,000 plastic bottles
7.____________ (make) cultural and creative products between June
2021 and October 2023, meaning a reduction in carbon emission
(碳排放) 8._____ as many as 931 kilograms.
have been equipped
management
correctly
to make
by
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By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a
careful, science-based way to waste. The target is to minimize the
production of waste that needs to be buried or burned 9.______
bring the amount of such waste as close to zero as possible, said
the museum.
Up to now, about 3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 tourist
10._________(guide) and 21 million visitors have participated in the
campaign.
and
guides
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【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了故宫博物院实施零废弃计划的
情况。
1.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。可数名词decrease在句中是泛指，用不定冠词修饰，
decrease发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
2.________
when
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先
行词January 2020，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，应使用关
系副词when引导该从句。故填when。
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3.______________
protecting
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。 分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语动词，protect与其
逻辑主语the action之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填protecting。
4.__________________________
have been equipped
[解析] 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，动词equip与主语four
types of trash bins之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语so far，应使用现在
完成时，又因主语是复数名词，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用
现在完成时的被动语态，复数形式。故填have been equipped。
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5._________________
management
[解析] 考查名词。空处作介词on的宾语，用名词management，意为“管
理”，不可数名词。故填management。
6.____________
correctly
[解析] 考查副词。空处修饰动词sorted，用副词correctly作状语，意为“正
确地”。故填correctly。
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7.____________
to make
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，“…cultural and creative
products…”是“…recycled more than 32,000 plastic bottles…”的目
的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
8._____
by
[解析] 考查介词。a reduction by…是固定搭配，意为“减少了……”。故
填by。
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9.______
and
[解析] 考查连词。分析句子可知，“minimize the production of waste…”
和“bring the amount of such waste as close to zero…”是并列关系，
用并列连词and连接。故填and。
10._________
guides
[解析] 考查名词复数。tourist guide意为“导游”，由数词40，000修饰，
应用复数形式。故填guides。
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