Period Three Developing ideas
【课前自主探究】
Task One Fast Reading
1.energy and water 2.greenhouse gases 3.uses power
4.production of food 5.eight minutes
Task Two Careful Reading
1—3 DBB
Task Three Micro-writing
1.awareness 2.have been shown 3.completely
4.However 5.produces 6.using 7.from 8.because
9.that 10.to take
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(3)The/A majority of (4)major in (5)in a/the majority
2.(1)①消除 ②免职 ③移走 (2)removal (3)removed her glasses (4)remove the bag from her mum’s shoulder
3.(3)take my application into account/take account of my application (4)on account of (5)accounts for (6)On no account
4.(3)(should) be kept (4)to take (5)had a sudden urge to go
5.(2)concerning the arrangement (3)to show/express my concern about/for/over (4)concerned about you (5)is concerned with (6)As far as I am concerned
6.(2)contribute to your health (3)making great contributions to
7.(3)On (the) average
句型透视
(4)three times as big as;three times bigger than;three times the size ofPeriod Three Developing ideas
Ⅰ.1.amount 2.remove 3.released 4.affected
5.establish 6.supply 7.highlights 8.lecture 9.oceans
10.damage
Ⅱ.1.majority 2.presentation 3.permission 4.devotion
5.cruelty 6.severely 7.Infection 8.adoption
9.to 10.to remove 11.concerned 12.contribution
Ⅲ.1.take; into account 2.taken steps 3.mistook; for
4.broke down 5.depends on 6.are devoted to 7.turn off
8.be involved in
Ⅳ.1.It was his years of hard work that
2.larger than/as large as/the size of
3.took an hour to recover her breath
4.how much effort you make
Ⅴ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶卫斯理学校的一个堆肥项目正在教授从幼儿园到八年级的学生应对人为造成的气候变化的方法。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“A compost (堆肥) programme at the Wesley School in Los Angeles is helping kindergarten through eighth grade students to teach them ways to solve human-driven climate change.”可知,堆肥计划的目的是教会学生们应对人为造成的气候变化。故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The school workers could have easily thrown the food waste into a city-provided green bin (垃圾箱).”可知,以前学校处理食物垃圾的办法就是丢进城市提供的绿色垃圾箱里。故选D。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Fifth grader Sloan felt so encouraged by the school’s compost programme that she decided to take climate action outside of school.”可知,Sloan决定在校外采取气候行动,来应对气候变化。故选A。
4.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fifth grader Kingston was excited to learn his food waste will help grow new food on campus. ‘It feels good that you’re doing something that helps the planet, instead of just sitting and watching it get destroyed,’ he says.”以及最后一段“Jennifer Silverstein, an expert on climate, says the school’s compost programme checks a lot of boxes for effective, positive climate education to help youth understand the crisis of human-caused climate change.”可知,学校的学生和气候专家都认为这个项目非常好,能够帮助年轻人了解人类造成的气候变化危机以及采取力所能及的行动来应对气候变化。由此可推知,从最后两段我们可以了解到这个项目很受欢迎。故选A。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谷歌地图的新功能,旨在给出最佳省油路线,从而减少碳排放来保护环境。
5.C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“To provide the new feature, Google used data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, which estimates that eco-friendly routing has the potential to prevent more than one million tons of carbon emissions from entering the atmosphere per year. That’s equal to removing 200,000 cars from the road, Google claims.”可推知,第二段的数据显示了谷歌地图新功能的重要性。故选C。
6.A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“On the Google Maps app, the most fuel-efficient route will be displayed with a small green leaf next to it.”可知,谷歌地图上的一片绿叶表明了这是最环保的路线。故选A。
7.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Cyclists don’t look at their phones for most of the ride, after all. With lite navigation, bike riders will be able to see details about their route without needing to keep their screen on or follow turn-by-turn navigation.”可知,精简导航可以在关闭手机屏幕的情况下工作。故选B。
8.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘Newer aircraft are generally less polluting than older pared with economy-class seats, emissions increase for first-class seats because they take up more space and account for a larger share of total emissions,’ Google added.”可推知,旧飞机上的头等舱乘客的碳排放可能最多。故选D。Period Three Developing ideas
Task One Fast Reading
Task Two Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
( )1.Why are plastic bags a danger to wild animals
A.Because plastic bags are poisonous.
B.Because wild animals like eating plastic bags.
C.Because wild animals are often trapped in plastic bags.
D.Because wild animals mistake the plastic bags for food.
( )2.According to the passage, which of the following is a “green truth”
A.It’s best that we take a paper bag when we go shopping.
B.When a device goes into stand-by mode, it continues to use electricity.
C.Eating food produced locally is always better for the environment.
D.Taking a shower always uses less water than taking a bath.
( )3.What is the purpose of the passage
A.To tell us how to save energy.
B.To correct some false “green truths”.
C.To protect the water energy.
D.To explain the importance of saving.
Task Three Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Nowadays, most people have a strong environmental 1. (aware) and take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But recently, some “green truths” 2. (show) to be only half true, or even 3. (complete) false. Here are some examples.
(1)Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones because it takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper. 4. , making a paper bag uses much more energy and water and 5. (produce) more greenhouse gases, so both of them are bad for the environment. (2)When you turn off a device, it stops 6. (use) power. Actually, devices in the stand-by mode still use power because electricity continues to leak from the device. Therefore, you should remove the plug 7. its power supply. (3)Eating local food is good for the environment, 8. it doesn’t need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. Unfortunately, it is not that simple. It is the production of food, not its transport, 9. uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases. (4)It is better 10. (take) a shower than a bath. This is not definitely true, because it depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.
1.majority n. 多数,大多数(人或物)
(教材P90) Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment, and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.
我们大多数人都意识到我们必须保护环境,并且我们大多数人都采取措施来节约能源,减少浪费和污染。
(1)a/the majority of… 大多数的……
in a/the majority 占大多数
(2)major n. 专业课
adj. 主要的
v. 主修
major in 主修
【活学活用】
(1)In China, among 56 ethnic groups, Han Chinese are in the majority.
在中国,56个民族中,汉族占多数。
(2)Your major problem in learning English is that you can’t recite the words in time.
你在学习英语方面的主要问题是你不能及时背单词。
(3) students find it much more difficult to learn English well in the senior high school.
大多数学生发现,在高中学好英语更加困难了。
(4)He wants to Computer Science when he goes to college.
当他上大学的时候,他想主修计算机科学。
(5)Students in favour of the study plan are .
支持这个学习计划的学生占大多数。
2.remove v.移走,搬走;去掉,消除,排除;将……免职;开除
(教材P91) To make sure your appliance is in fact off, remove the plug from its power supply.
为了确保你的家用电器彻底关闭,把插头从电源上拔下来。
(1)remove…from… 把……从……拿开/开除
(2)removal n. 移走,搬走;去掉,排除;
免职;开除
(3)removable adj. 可移动的; 可除去的; 可拆卸的
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①The news removed any doubts about the company’s future.
②She has been removed from her post as manager.
③As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven.
(2)The kidney plays an important role in the (remove) of waste products from the blood.
(3)She and rubbed her eyes.
她摘下眼镜,揉了揉眼睛。
(4)Realizing her mum must be very tired after a day’s work, the girl helped .
意识到她妈妈工作一天后肯定很疲劳,这个女孩帮忙把包从妈妈的肩膀上拿下来。
3.take…into account 把……考虑进去;顾及
(教材P91) In some cases, local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport.
在某些情况下,即使考虑到运输,本地农产品消耗的能源和产生的温室气体也可能比生长在遥远地方的农产品要多。
account n. 账户;描述
v. 视为
take account of 考虑到;顾及
on account of 由于;因为
account for (数量上、比例上)占;解
释;是……的原因
give an account of 叙述
on no account 决不;绝对不
【活学活用】
(1)I’ll be delighted if you can take my recommendations into account and make great progress in Chinese.
如果你能考虑我的建议,并在中文方面取得很大的进步,我会非常高兴。
(2)Too much pressure may account for your recent low efficiency in study.
你最近学习低效可能是压力太大导致的。
(3)I’d appreciate it if you could
.
如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。
(4)The picnic was held indoors the stormy weather.
由于暴风雨天气,野餐是在室内举行的。
(5)The ocean about 71% of the total area of the earth.
海洋约占地球总面积的71%。
(6) must you disturb me when I’m working.
我工作的时候你绝对不能打扰我。
4.urge v. 敦促;强烈要求 n. 强烈的欲望;冲动
(教材P94) It urges people to save food by not wasting anything on the dining table.
它敦促人们节约食物,不要浪费餐桌上的任何东西。
(1)urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事
urge that… 敦促/强烈要求……(从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略)
(2)have an urge to do sth
有做某事的欲望/冲动
【活学活用】
(1)The teacher urged that we (should) understand the necessity of practice.
老师敦促我们要理解练习的必要性。
(2)I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.
我收到了莫伊拉给我留的便条,一定要我保持联系。
(3)They urged that the library (keep) open during the vacation.
(4)Parents should actively urge their children (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
(5)Drawing great encouragement from the teacher, I to the front to speak.
在老师的大力鼓励下,我突然有了去前面发表演讲的冲动。
5.concerned adj.担忧的;有关的;关注的,关心的;焦急的
(教材P95) We are concerned that…我们担心……
(1)be concerned about=be worried/anxious about 对……担心
be concerned with… 与……有关;涉及;
对……表示关切/关心
as far as I am concerned
就我而言
(2)concern v. 使担忧;涉及,关系到
n. 担心,忧虑;关心
show/express one’s concern about/for/over…
对……表示关心/担心
(3)concerning prep. 关于;涉及
【活学活用】
(1)As far as I am concerned, true friendship is largely based on supporting each other.
就我而言,真正的友谊在很大程度上是建立在相互支持的基础上的。
(2)If you have any question , please contact me freely.
如果您对安排有任何疑问,请随时与我联系。
(3)I am writing
the negative effects that extreme dieting could bring to your health.
我写信是为了表达我对极端节食可能给你的健康带来的负面影响的担忧。
(4)I’m very sorry to hear that you have hurt your right foot while running, and extremely .
听说你在跑步时伤了右脚,我很难过,我非常担心你。
(5)History the past as well as the future.
历史既关乎过去,也关乎未来。
(6) , your choice of major should be based on your own interests, abilities and personality.
就我而言,你应该根据自己的兴趣、能力和个性来选择专业。
6.contribute v. 促成,造成(某事发生); 捐献,捐赠; 投稿
(教材P96) Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon footprint.
看看促成碳足迹的三类事物。
(1)contribute to 有助于,促成;对……做出
贡献
contribute…to… 把……贡献给……;给……
投稿
(2)contribution n. 贡献
make a contribution/contributions to…
对……做出贡献
【活学活用】
(1)Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper office. 许多人给那个贫穷的男孩捐款,这有助于他重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的报道,并把它投到了一家报社。
(2)In fact, exercise can and refresh your mind.
事实上,运动有助于你的健康,使你的头脑清醒。
(3)As we all know, people from all walks of life are our society.
众所周知,各行各业的人士都在为我们的社会做出巨大的贡献。
7.average adj. 平均(数)的;普通的;正常的 n.平均数;平均水平
(教材P96)The average score of our group is…
我们组的平均分数是……
on (the) average 平均;平均而言
an average of 平均是……
above average 平均水平以上
below average 平均水平以下
【活学活用】
(1)Its economy has grown at an annual average of 3.6% for the past seven years. 在过去的七年里,它的经济以年均3.6%的速度增长。
(2)My mum is a woman of average height.
我妈妈是个中等身高的女人。
(3) , 90% of the students per class in this school are experienced in studying maths. 平均而言,这所学校每个班级90%的学生在学习数学方面经验丰富。
(教材P91)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. 然而,制造一个纸袋所消耗的能源是制造一个塑料袋所消耗的四倍,所消耗的水相当于制造塑料袋所消耗的三倍。
倍数表达法
句型公式
【句式点拨】
句中“three times the amount of water”是“倍数+the+抽象名词+of”结构,表示“三倍的水量”。
【归纳拓展】
常见的倍数表达法:
(1)倍数+as+adj./adv.原级+as
(2)倍数+比较级+than
(3)倍数+the+抽象名词(size/length/depth/width/amount/height/weight等)+of
[温馨提示] (1)表示“两倍”时,用twice或double,三倍或三倍以上则用“基数词+times”来表示。
(2)句式中表示倍数也可用分数或百分数。
【活学活用】
(1)Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
(2)The building is twice the height of that one.
这栋楼是那栋楼的两倍高。
(3)The new road is four times wider than the old one.
这条新路是那条旧路的四倍宽。
(4)一句多译
This room is that one.
→This room is that one.
→This room is that one.
这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。Period Three Developing ideas
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.He put a limit on the (金额) we could spend.
2.One of the greatest benefits of the Internet is its ability to (移除) the distance that usually exists between people.
3.He took careful aim at the target, and then (释放)the arrow from his bow.
4.Reduced rainfall (影响) Africa in 2017, with severe droughts in Somalia and Kenya.
5.Our goal is to (建立)a new research centre in the North.
6.They wanted to build a new dam to control floods, produce electricity and (供应) water to more farmers in the area.
7.The third part (使……突出) interaction, where participants can ask questions about space exploration.
8.To let students know more about natural disasters, our school will hold a l this Friday.
9.To truly understand our planet, we must explore the o which cover most of it.
10.This drought caused serious d to the crops.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.At age 18,instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the (major)of girls, Lin Qiaozhi chose to study medicine.
2.I admire the clear, logical (present) of her arguments.
3.Staff may not leave early without the special (permit)of the manager.
4.She was highly honoured for her selfless (devote)to the cause of education.
5.The (cruel)of his words cut me like a knife, so I could hardly hold back my tears.
6.The UN wants to send food aid to 10 countries in Africa (severe)affected by the drought.
7. (infect) rates went up steadily, and in the course of the outbreak, about 8,000 people were infected over nine months.
8.The committee recommended the (adopt) of the new budget.
9.The new bridge can reduce travelling time from 50 minutes 15 minutes.
10.The landlady is urging me (remove) my belongings out, since my rent is due.
11.Local officials were (concern) that the pollution was damaging the natural environment.
12.These proposals would make a valuable (contribute) towards reducing industrial accidents.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.I’d appreciate it if you could my application (把……考虑进去).
2.The government has (采取措施)to reduce smog caused by setting off fireworks.
3.Without taking a closer look, I the travel brochure (错把……当作……) a recipe book.
4.The train (出故障)halfway, but quickly got restored to full working order.
5.Whether you can succeed (取决于) your attitude and your efforts.
6.Teachers in remote rural areas (致力于) changing the lives of the people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others.
7.The host reminded the audience to (关掉) their phones or set them in silent mode.
8.Through school projects, students can (参与) community projects ranging from planting trees to cleaning up a park.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1. made him be admitted by a famous university. (强调句型)
正是他多年的刻苦学习使他被一所著名大学录取。
2.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times the present one.
正在为下届亚运会而建设的新体育场将是目前这个体育场的三倍大。
3.She had a severe attack of asthma and it . (take)
她的哮喘病严重发作了,一个小时后呼吸才恢复正常。
4.Whether you can achieve your goal depends on in the process.
你能否实现目标取决于你在这个过程中付出了多少努力。
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A [2024·山东省菏泽市高一期末]
A compost (堆肥) programme at the Wesley School in Los Angeles is helping kindergarten through eighth grade students to teach them ways to solve human-driven climate change. For the past year, 5,200 pounds of food waste from the school has gone into compost containers rather than a landfill where it would just break down and produce planet-warming gases.
The school workers could have easily thrown the food waste into a city-provided green bin (垃圾箱). But taking it out of sight, which would have been easier, would have missed the point, says a science teacher Johnna Hampton. “When it’s invisible like that, they don’t see it, but they know it doesn’t sink in (心安).”
When sixth grader Finn saw the finished compost pile, it sank in. “That’s my orange chicken in there,” he says. “That’s not just like any food. Somewhere in there is my food.”
The school will use the compost on plants around campus. Some will be offered to families that want to use it at home, and whatever is left will be donated.
Fifth grader Sloan felt so encouraged by the school’s compost programme that she decided to take climate action outside of school. Along with several other fifth graders, Sloan says, “We did a lemonade stand at our friend’s house, made over $200 and donated it.” They also helped create a petition (请愿) to replace the plastic forks and spoons in the school cafeteria with compostable ones.
Fifth grader Kingston was excited to learn his food waste will help grow new food on campus. “It feels good that you’re doing something that helps the planet, instead of just sitting and watching it get destroyed,” he says.
Jennifer Silverstein, an expert on climate, says the school’s compost programme checks a lot of boxes for effective, positive climate education to help youth understand the crisis of human-caused climate change.
( )1.What is the purpose of the compost programme
A.To prevent wasting food.
B.To deal with human-driven climate change.
C.To raise money for the school.
D.To keep friendship among kids.
( )2.How did the school deal with the food waste before
A.By selling to families as compost.
B.By putting into compost containers.
C.By turning into new food again.
D.By throwing into dustbins.
( )3.How has the programme affected Sloan
A.She has taken climate action.
B.She has gained a sense of achievement.
C.She has got a part-time job in the school.
D.She has developed a new way to donate.
( )4.What can we learn about the programme from the last two paragraphs
A.It is well received.
B.It is highly profitable.
C.It needs to be more effective.
D.It takes time to watch the result.
B [2024·辽宁省部分学校高一期末]
Driving and flying are huge contributors to carbon emissions (碳排放) and climate change. So Google is helping users make more wise decisions about how they travel. In addition to showing drivers the fastest way to get to their destination, Google Maps will now show the route that is the most fuel-efficient.
To provide the new feature, Google used data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, which estimates that eco-friendly routing has the potential to prevent more than one million tons of carbon emissions from entering the atmosphere per year. That’s equal to removing 200,000 cars from the road, Google claims.
On the Google Maps app, the most fuel-efficient route will be displayed with a small green leaf next to it. The route option will include information about how long the trip will take and how much fuel the driver could save.
It’s no secret that biking is a more eco-friendly travel option than driving, and the use of biking directions on Maps has increased by as much as 98% over the past year, according to Google. The tech company is focusing on attracting bike riders with a new feature called “lite navigation (导航)”. This feature is being introduced after Google heard from cyclists who were sick of following turn-by-turn directions on their phones. Cyclists don’t look at their phones for most of the ride, after all. With lite navigation, bike riders will be able to see details about their route without needing to keep their screen on or follow turn-by-turn navigation. Cyclists will also be able to track their trip progress and see their ETA (estimated time of arrival) updated in real time.
Moreover, Google Flights users will be able to see carbon emission estimates for nearly every flight in the search results. The estimates are “flight-specific” and “seat-specific”, Google said. “Newer aircraft are generally less polluting than older pared with economy-class seats, emissions increase for first-class seats because they take up more space and account for a larger share of total emissions,” Google added.
( )5.What do the data in Paragraph 2 show
A.The seriousness of climate change.
B.The potential of using renewable energy.
C.The significance of Google Maps’ new feature.
D.The necessity of removing cars from the road.
( )6.What does a green leaf on Google Maps indicate
A.The most eco-friendly route.
B.The most beautiful route.
C.The most chosen route.
D.The shortest route.
( )7.What do we know about lite navigation
A.It informs bikers of their speed in real time.
B.It can work with the phone’s screen off.
C.It receives favourable reviews from 98% of bikers.
D.It encourages bikers to follow turn-by-turn directions.
( )8.Who may contribute the most carbon emissions
A.Economy-class passengers on new planes.
B.Economy-class passengers on old planes.
C.First-class passengers on new planes.
D.First-class passengers on old planes.(共69张PPT)
Period Three
Developing ideas
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
Task One Fast Reading
energy and water
greenhouse gases
uses power
production of food
eight minutes
Task Two Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the
text.
( ) 1.Why are plastic bags a danger to wild animals
D
A.Because plastic bags are poisonous.
B.Because wild animals like eating plastic bags.
C.Because wild animals are often trapped in plastic bags.
D.Because wild animals mistake the plastic bags for food.
( ) 2.According to the passage, which of the following is a
“green truth”
B
A.It's best that we take a paper bag when we go shopping.
B.When a device goes into stand-by mode, it continues to use
electricity.
C.Eating food produced locally is always better for the environment.
D.Taking a shower always uses less water than taking a bath.
( ) 3.What is the purpose of the passage
B
A.To tell us how to save energy.
B.To correct some false “green truths”.
C.To protect the water energy.
D.To explain the importance of saving.
Task Three Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Nowadays, most people have a strong environmental
1.______________(aware) and take steps to save energy and reduce
waste and pollution. But recently, some “green truths”
2._______________________(show) to be only half true, or even
3.______________ (complete) false. Here are some examples.
awareness
have been shown
completely
(1)Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones because it
takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less
time for paper. 4.____________, making a paper bag uses much
more energy and water and 5.____________ (produce) more
greenhouse gases, so both of them are bad for the environment.
(2)When you turn off a device, it stops 6.________ (use) power.
Actually, devices in the stand-by mode still use power because
electricity continues to leak from the device. Therefore, you should
remove the plug 7._______ its power supply.
However
produces
using
from
(3)Eating local food is good for the environment, 8.___________ it
doesn't need to be transported long distances and kept cold
during transport. Unfortunately, it is not that simple. It is the
production of food, not its transport, 9.______ uses most of the
energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases. (4)It is better
10.__________ (take) a shower than a bath. This is not definitely
true, because it depends on how long you spend in the shower
and how large your bath is.
because
that
to take
1.majority n. 多数,大多数(人或物)
(教材P90) Most of us are aware that we must take care of the
environment, and the majority of us take steps to save energy and
reduce waste and pollution.
我们大多数人都意识到我们必须保护环境,并且我们大多数人都采取措施来节约
能源,减少浪费和污染。
(1)a/the majority of… 大多数的……
in a/the majority 占大多数
(2)major n. 专业课
adj. 主要的
v. 主修
major in 主修
【活学活用】
(1)In China, among 56 ethnic groups, Han Chinese are in the
majority.
在中国，56个民族中，汉族占多数。
(2)Your major problem in learning English is that you can't recite
the words in time.
你在学习英语方面的主要问题是你不能及时背单词。
(3)_______________________ students find it much more difficult to
learn English well in the senior high school.
大多数学生发现,在高中学好英语更加困难了。
The/A majority of
(4)He wants to ____________Computer Science when he goes to
college.
当他上大学的时候,他想主修计算机科学。
major in
(5)Students in favour of the study plan are ______________________.
支持这个学习计划的学生占大多数。
in a/the majority
2.remove v.移走,搬走;去掉,消除，排除;将……免职;开除
(教材P91) To make sure your appliance is in fact off, remove the
plug from its power supply.
为了确保你的家用电器彻底关闭,把插头从电源上拔下来。
(1)remove…from… 把……从……拿开/开除
(2)removal n. 移走,搬走;去掉,排除;免职；开除
(3)removable adj. 可移动的; 可除去的; 可拆卸的
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①The news removed any doubts about the company's future.
_______
②She has been removed from her post as manager._______
③As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven. _______
消除
免职
移走
(2)The kidney plays an important role in the ___________ (remove)
of waste products from the blood.
removal
(3)She __________________________ and rubbed her eyes.
她摘下眼镜,揉了揉眼睛。
removed her glasses
(4)Realizing her mum must be very tired after a day's work, the
girl helped_____________________________________________________.
意识到她妈妈工作一天后肯定很疲劳,这个女孩帮忙把包从妈妈的肩膀上拿下来。
remove the bag from her mum's shoulder
3.take…into account 把……考虑进去;顾及
(教材P91) In some cases, local produce might have used more
energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown
a long way away—even taking into account its transport.
在某些情况下,即使考虑到运输,本地农产品消耗的能源和产生的温室气体也可
能比生长在遥远地方的农产品要多。
account n. 账户;描述
v. 视为
take account of 考虑到;顾及
on account of 由于;因为
account for (数量上、比例上)占;解释;是……的原因
give an account of 叙述
on no account 决不；绝对不
【活学活用】
(1)I'll be delighted if you can take my recommendations into
account and make great progress in Chinese.
如果你能考虑我的建议，并在中文方面取得很大的进步，我会非常高兴。
(2)Too much pressure may account for your recent low efficiency
in study.
你最近学习低效可能是压力太大导致的。
(3)I'd appreciate it if you could ___________________________________
________________________________________________.
如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。
take my application into account/take account of my application
(4)The picnic was held indoors___________________the stormy
weather．
由于暴风雨天气，野餐是在室内举行的。
on account of
(5)The ocean ________________ about 71% of the total area of the
earth.
海洋约占地球总面积的71%。
accounts for
(6)____________________must you disturb me when I'm working.
我工作的时候你绝对不能打扰我。
On no account
4.urge v. 敦促;强烈要求 n. 强烈的欲望;冲动
(教材P94) It urges people to save food by not wasting anything on
the dining table.
它敦促人们节约食物,不要浪费餐桌上的任何东西。
(1)urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事
urge that… 敦促/强烈要求……(从句谓语动词
用“should+动词原形”, should
可以省略)
(2)have an urge to do sth 有做某事的欲望/冲动
【活学活用】
(1)The teacher urged that we (should) understand the necessity of
practice.
老师敦促我们要理解练习的必要性。
(2)I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.
我收到了莫伊拉给我留的便条,一定要我保持联系。
(3)They urged that the library _____________________(keep) open
during the vacation.
(should) be kept
(4)Parents should actively urge their children __________ (take)
advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
to take
(5)Drawing great encouragement from the teacher, I
_________________________________ to the front to speak.
在老师的大力鼓励下，我突然有了去前面发表演讲的冲动。
had a sudden urge to go
5.concerned adj.担忧的;有关的;关注的,关心的;焦急的
(教材P95) We are concerned that…我们担心……
(1)be concerned about=be worried/anxious about
对……担心
be concerned with… 与……有关;涉及;对……表示
关切/关心
as far as I am concerned 就我而言
(2)concern v. 使担忧;涉及,关系到
n. 担心,忧虑;关心
show/express one's concern about/for/over…
对……表示关心/担心
(3)concerning prep. 关于;涉及
【活学活用】
(1)As far as I am concerned, true friendship is largely based on
supporting each other.
就我而言，真正的友谊在很大程度上是建立在相互支持的基础上的。
(2)If you have any question ____________________________________,
please contact me freely.
如果您对安排有任何疑问，请随时与我联系。
concerning the arrangement
(3)I am writing ____________________________________________________
_____________the negative effects that extreme dieting could
bring to your health.
我写信是为了表达我对极端节食可能给你的健康带来的负面影响的担忧。
to show/express my concern about/
for/over
(4)I'm very sorry to hear that you have hurt your right foot while
running, and extremely ___________________________.
听说你在跑步时伤了右脚，我很难过，我非常担心你。
concerned about you
(5)History_______________________the past as well as the future.
历史既关乎过去，也关乎未来。
is concerned with
(6)________________________________, your choice of major should be
based on your own interests, abilities and personality.
就我而言，你应该根据自己的兴趣、能力和个性来选择专业。
As far as I am concerned
6.contribute v. 促成,造成(某事发生); 捐献,捐赠; 投稿
(教材P96) Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon
footprint.
看看促成碳足迹的三类事物。
(1)contribute to 有助于,促成;对……做出贡献
contribute…to… 把……贡献给……；给……投稿
(2)contribution n. 贡献
make a contribution/contributions to… 对……做出贡献
【活学活用】
(1)Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which
contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story
about this and contributed it to a newspaper office.
许多人给那个贫穷的男孩捐款,这有助于他重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于
此事的报道,并把它投到了一家报社。
(2)In fact, exercise can ________________________________ and refresh
your mind.
事实上，运动有助于你的健康，使你的头脑清醒。
contribute to your health
(3)As we all know, people from all walks of life are
______________________________________ our society.
众所周知,各行各业的人士都在为我们的社会做出巨大的贡献。
making great contributions to
7.average adj. 平均(数)的;普通的;正常的 n.平均数;平均水平
(教材P96)The average score of our group is…
我们组的平均分数是……
on (the) average 平均；平均而言
an average of 平均是……
above average 平均水平以上
below average 平均水平以下
【活学活用】
(1)Its economy has grown at an annual average of 3.6% for the
past seven years. 在过去的七年里，它的经济以年均3.6%的速度增长。
(2)My mum is a woman of average height.
我妈妈是个中等身高的女人。
(3)______________________, 90% of the students per class in this
school are experienced in studying maths.
平均而言,这所学校每个班级90%的学生在学习数学方面经验丰富。
On (the) average
(教材P91)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much
energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the
amount of water. 然而,制造一个纸袋所消耗的能源是制造一个塑料袋所
消耗的四倍,所消耗的水相当于制造塑料袋所消耗的三倍。
句型公式
倍数表达法
【句式点拨】
句中“three times the amount of water”是“倍数+the+抽象名词+of”
结构,表示“三倍的水量”。
【归纳拓展】
常见的倍数表达法:
(1)倍数+as+adj./adv.原级+as
(2)倍数+比较级+than
(3)倍数+the+抽象名词(size/length/depth/width/amount/height/weight
等)+of
［温馨提示］(1)表示“两倍”时,用twice或double,三倍或三倍以上则用“基
数词+times”来表示。
(2)句式中表示倍数也可用分数或百分数。
【活学活用】
(1)Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
(2)The building is twice the height of that one.
这栋楼是那栋楼的两倍高。
(3)The new road is four times wider than the old one.
这条新路是那条旧路的四倍宽。
(4)一句多译
This room is ___________________________ that one.
→This room is ______________________________ that one.
→This room is _____________________________that one.
这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
three times as big as
three times bigger than
three times the size of
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.He put a limit on the ___________(金额) we could spend.
amount
2.One of the greatest benefits of the Internet is its ability to
__________ (移除) the distance that usually exists between people.
remove
3.He took careful aim at the target, and then___________(释放)the
arrow from his bow.
released
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.Reduced rainfall ___________ (影响) Africa in 2017, with severe
droughts in Somalia and Kenya.
affected
5.Our goal is to ____________(建立)a new research centre in the
North.
establish
6.They wanted to build a new dam to control floods, produce
electricity and _________ (供应) water to more farmers in the area.
supply
7.The third part _____________(使……突出) interaction, where
participants can ask questions about space exploration.
highlights
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.To let students know more about natural disasters, our school
will hold a l_________ this Friday.
ecture
9.To truly understand our planet, we must explore the o________
which cover most of it.
ceans
10.This drought caused serious d__________ to the crops.
amage
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ 单句填空
1.At age 18,instead of following the traditional path of marriage
like the ___________ (major)of girls, Lin Qiaozhi chose to study
medicine.
majority
2.I admire the clear, logical ________________ (present) of her
arguments.
presentation
3.Staff may not leave early without the special______________
(permit)of the manager.
permission
4.She was highly honoured for her selfless____________(devote)to
the cause of education.
devotion
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
5.The __________ (cruel)of his words cut me like a knife, so I could
hardly hold back my tears.
cruelty
6.The UN wants to send food aid to 10 countries in Africa
___________(severe)affected by the drought.
severely
7.____________ (infect) rates went up steadily, and in the course of
the outbreak, about 8,000 people were infected over nine months.
Infection
8.The committee recommended the ____________ (adopt) of the
new budget.
adoption
9.The new bridge can reduce travelling time from 50 minutes ____
15 minutes.
to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
10.The landlady is urging me ______________(remove) my
belongings out, since my rent is due.
to remove
11.Local officials were ______________ (concern) that the pollution
was damaging the natural environment.
concerned
12.These proposals would make a valuable ________________
(contribute) towards reducing industrial accidents.
contribution
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Ⅲ 短语填空
1.I'd appreciate it if you could _______ my application
_________________ (把……考虑进去).
take
into account
2.The government has_______________(采取措施)to reduce smog
caused by setting off fireworks.
taken steps
3.Without taking a closer look, I ___________ the travel
brochure_____ (错把……当作……) a recipe book.
mistook
for
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.The train ________________ (出故障)halfway, but quickly got
restored to full working order.
broke down
5.Whether you can succeed________________ (取决于) your attitude
and your efforts.
depends on
6.Teachers in remote rural areas ____________________ (致力于)
changing the lives of the people with less access to the
advantages enjoyed by many others.
are devoted to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
7.The host reminded the audience to ___________(关掉) their phones
or set them in silent mode.
turn off
8.Through school projects, students can ___________________(参与)
community projects ranging from planting trees to cleaning up a
park.
be involved in
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅳ 句型训练
1.___________________________________________made him be admitted
by a famous university. (强调句型)
正是他多年的刻苦学习使他被一所著名大学录取。
It was his years of hard work that
2.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be
three times ___________________________________________ the present
one.
正在为下届亚运会而建设的新体育场将是目前这个体育场的三倍大。
larger than/as large as/the size of
1
2
3
4
3.She had a severe attack of asthma and it
_____________________________________________. (take)
她的哮喘病严重发作了,一个小时后呼吸才恢复正常。
took an hour to recover her breath
4.Whether you can achieve your goal depends on
___________________________________ in the process.
你能否实现目标取决于你在这个过程中付出了多少努力。
how much effort you make
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ 阅读理解
A[2024·山东省菏泽市高一期末]
A compost (堆肥) programme at the Wesley School in Los
Angeles is helping kindergarten through eighth grade students to
teach them ways to solve human-driven climate change. For the
past year, 5,200 pounds of food waste from the school has gone
into compost containers rather than a landfill where it would just
break down and produce planet-warming gases.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The school workers could have easily thrown the food waste
into a city-provided green bin (垃圾箱). But taking it out of sight,
which would have been easier, would have missed the point, says a
science teacher Johnna Hampton. “When it's invisible like that,
they don't see it, but they know it doesn't sink in (心安).”
When sixth grader Finn saw the finished compost pile, it sank
in. “That's my orange chicken in there,” he says. “That's not just
like any food. Somewhere in there is my food.”
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The school will use the compost on plants around campus.
Some will be offered to families that want to use it at home, and
whatever is left will be donated.
Fifth grader Sloan felt so encouraged by the school's compost
programme that she decided to take climate action outside of
school. Along with several other fifth graders, Sloan says, “We did
a lemonade stand at our friend's house, made over $200 and
donated it.” They also helped create a petition (请愿) to replace
the plastic forks and spoons in the school cafeteria with
compostable ones.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Fifth grader Kingston was excited to learn his food waste will
help grow new food on campus. “It feels good that you're doing
something that helps the planet, instead of just sitting and
watching it get destroyed,” he says.
Jennifer Silverstein, an expert on climate, says the school's
compost programme checks a lot of boxes for effective, positive
climate education to help youth understand the crisis of human-
caused climate change.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶卫斯理学校的一个
堆肥项目正在教授从幼儿园到八年级的学生应对人为造成的气候变化的方法。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 1.What is the purpose of the compost programme
B
A.To prevent wasting food.
B.To deal with human-driven climate change.
C.To raise money for the school.
D.To keep friendship among kids.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段的“A compost (堆肥) programme at
the Wesley School in Los Angeles is helping kindergarten through
eighth grade students to teach them ways to solve human-driven
climate change.”可知，堆肥计划的目的是教会学生们应对人为造成的气候
变化。故选B。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 2.How did the school deal with the food waste before
D
A.By selling to families as compost.
B.By putting into compost containers.
C.By turning into new food again.
D.By throwing into dustbins.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The school workers could have
easily thrown the food waste into a city-provided green bin
(垃圾箱).”可知，以前学校处理食物垃圾的办法就是丢进城市提供的绿色垃圾
箱里。故选D。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 3.How has the programme affected Sloan
A
A.She has taken climate action.
B.She has gained a sense of achievement.
C.She has got a part-time job in the school.
D.She has developed a new way to donate.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Fifth grader Sloan felt so
encouraged by the school's compost programme that she decided
to take climate action outside of school.”可知，Sloan决定在校外采取
气候行动，来应对气候变化。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 4.What can we learn about the programme from the last
two paragraphs
A
A.It is well received.
B.It is highly profitable.
C.It needs to be more effective.
D.It takes time to watch the result.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fifth grader Kingston was excited
to learn his food waste will help grow new food on campus. ‘It
feels good that you're doing something that helps the planet,
instead of just sitting and watching it get destroyed,’ he says.”以
及最后一段“Jennifer Silverstein, an expert on climate, says the
school's compost programme checks a lot of boxes for effective,
positive climate education to help youth understand the crisis of
human-caused climate change.”可知，学校的学生和气候专家都认为这个
项目非常好，能够帮助年轻人了解人类造成的气候变化危机以及采取力所能及
的行动来应对气候变化。由此可推知，从最后两段我们可以了解到这个项目很
受欢迎。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
B[2024·辽宁省部分学校高一期末]
Driving and flying are huge contributors to carbon emissions
(碳排放) and climate change. So Google is helping users make
more wise decisions about how they travel. In addition to showing
drivers the fastest way to get to their destination, Google Maps
will now show the route that is the most fuel-efficient.
To provide the new feature, Google used data from the
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, which estimates that eco-
friendly routing has the potential to prevent more than one million
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
tons of carbon emissions from entering the atmosphere per year.
That's equal to removing 200,000 cars from the road, Google
claims.
On the Google Maps app, the most fuel-efficient route will be
displayed with a small green leaf next to it. The route option will
include information about how long the trip will take and how
much fuel the driver could save.
It's no secret that biking is a more eco-friendly travel option
than driving, and the use of biking directions on Maps has
1
2
3
4
5
6
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increased by as much as 98% over the past year, according to
Google. The tech company is focusing on attracting bike riders
with a new feature called “lite navigation (导航)”. This feature is
being introduced after Google heard from cyclists who were sick of
following turn-by-turn directions on their phones. Cyclists don't
look at their phones for most of the ride, after all. With lite
navigation, bike riders will be able to see details about their route
without needing to keep their screen on or follow turn-by-turn
navigation. Cyclists will also be able to track their trip progress and
see their ETA (estimated time of arrival) updated in real time.
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Moreover, Google Flights users will be able to see carbon
emission estimates for nearly every flight in the search results. The
estimates are “flight-specific” and “seat-specific”, Google said.
“Newer aircraft are generally less polluting than older aircraft.
Compared with economy-class seats, emissions increase for first-
class seats because they take up more space and account for a
larger share of total emissions,” Google added.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谷歌地图的新功能，旨在给
出最佳省油路线，从而减少碳排放来保护环境。
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( ) 5.What do the data in Paragraph 2 show
C
A.The seriousness of climate change.
B.The potential of using renewable energy.
C.The significance of Google Maps' new feature.
D.The necessity of removing cars from the road.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“To provide the new feature,
Google used data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory,
which estimates that eco-friendly routing has the potential to
prevent more than one million tons of carbon emissions from
entering the atmosphere per year. That's equal to removing
200,000 cars from the road, Google claims.”可推知，第二段的数据显
示了谷歌地图新功能的重要性。故选C。
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( ) 6.What does a green leaf on Google Maps indicate
A
A.The most eco-friendly route. B.The most beautiful route.
C.The most chosen route. D.The shortest route.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“On the Google Maps app, the
most fuel-efficient route will be displayed with a small green leaf
next to it.”可知，谷歌地图上的一片绿叶表明了这是最环保的路线。故选A。
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( ) 7.What do we know about lite navigation
B
A.It informs bikers of their speed in real time.
B.It can work with the phone's screen off.
C.It receives favourable reviews from 98% of bikers.
D.It encourages bikers to follow turn-by-turn directions.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Cyclists don't look at their
phones for most of the ride, after all. With lite navigation, bike
riders will be able to see details about their route without needing
to keep their screen on or follow turn-by-turn navigation.”可知，精
简导航可以在关闭手机屏幕的情况下工作。故选B。
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( ) 8.Who may contribute the most carbon emissions
D
A.Economy-class passengers on new planes.
B.Economy-class passengers on old planes.
C.First-class passengers on new planes.
D.First-class passengers on old planes.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘Newer aircraft are generally
less polluting than older pared with economy-class
seats, emissions increase for first-class seats because they take up
more space and account for a larger share of total emissions,’
Google added.”可推知，旧飞机上的头等舱乘客的碳排放可能最多。故选D。
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