必修一Unit 4 Natural Disasters一轮教材复习
一、单元词汇变形必记
1.ruined
2.destroyed/destroyed；destruction
3.powerful；powerless
4.shocked ；shocking
5.affection
6.effortless
7.calmly；calmness
8.delivery
9.effective；ineffective
10.survivor；survival
11.flooded；flooding
12.breath；breathless
13.revival
14.suffering；sufferer
15.wise；wisely
16.rescuer
17.die；dead；dying
18.eruption
19.long；lengthen
二、单元重点短语必背
1. as if
2. in ruins
3. in shock
4. be/become a home to
5. sweep away
6. come to an end
7. get back up on one's feet
8. in the open air
9. on hand
10. put up
三、单元重点句式必读
1.were too nervous to eat
2. were hard to get
3.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home
4.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end
5. make it difficult for people to sleep at night
四、单元重点词汇讲解
1.flood n. ①洪水 ②大量 vi.& vt. ③淹没;(使)泛滥;使灌满水 ④大量涌入;充满;挤满
【举一反三】
①Sweet memories came flooding back and Jane was in floods of tears
②A great sense of relief and pride flooded over my father
③the sunlight flooded in
2.affect vt. ①影响 ②(疾病)侵袭 ③深深打动
【举一反三】
①Affected by those selfless doctors
②have been flooding into the affected areas
3.shock vt. ①(使) 震惊 n. ②休克;震惊;令人震惊的事 ③shocked adj. 感到震惊的 ④shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【举一反三】
①What shocks us most
②came as quite a shock to us
③was shocked to find him badly injured
4.ruin vt. ①破坏;毁坏 ②糟蹋 n. ③[U]毁灭;破产 [C][常pl.]废墟;遗迹;残余
【举一反三】
①ruin the present
②find their neighborhood in ruins
5.bury vt. ①埋葬;安葬 ②埋藏;掩藏;遮盖
【举一反三】
① has buried herself in teaching
②his hands buried in his pockets
6.effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
【举一反三】
① which is well worth the effort
② spare no effort to do a little bit
③ it was an effort for him to sit up
7.suffer vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦;变差
【举一反三】
①suffer from problems
②I’m not surprised that your studies are suffering
③To our shock
8.survive vi. ①生存;存活 vt. ②幸存 ③艰难度过 ④比……活得长
【举一反三】
①survived from the Tang Dynasty
②how to survive storms
9.power n. 电力供应;能量;力量;控制力
【举一反三】
①I’ll do everything in my power to help you
②it is within your power to deal with it
③ got amazed at his power
10.strike vi.& vt. ①敲响 ②报时 ③擦火柴 ④侵袭;突击 vt. ⑤击打 ⑥给……以印象 ⑦使想到/意识到 vi. ⑧罢工 n. ⑨罢工;罢课 ⑩袭击
【举一反三】
①Struck by your talent for music
②Mount Tai has struck its beauty into my heart
11.effect n. 影响;结果;效果
【举一反三】
①have a great effect on Chinese culture
②be put into effect to settle these problems
五、微写作
【遣词造句】
1.I am writing to express my earnest gratitude for your timely rescue and support .
2.Last month, an extremely severe flood struck my hometown, which left many houses in ruins and many people in danger .
3.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
4.Thanks to your quick action of evacuating people in danger and rescuing the trapped, no one was killed in this shocking disaster.
5.With strong support from the government and your generous aid, our town came back to life soon.
6.I can’t be grateful to you enough.
【句式升级】
第2句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
Last month,an extremely severe flood struck my hometown, leaving many houses in ruins and many people in danger .
【连句成篇】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my earnest gratitude for your timely rescue and support.
Last month,an extremely severe flood struck my hometown,leaving many houses in ruins and many people in danger.At that time,it seemed as if the world were coming to an end.Thanks to your quick action of evacuating people in danger and rescuing the trapped,no one was killed in this shocking disaster.Besides,with strong support from the government and your generous aid,our town came back to life soon.Therefore,I can’t be grateful to you enough.
Yours,
Li Hua
六、续写满分素材必练
【情感细节描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(二)】
1.按要求利用环境动作等细节描写烘托人物的恐惧,并背诵
①made her hair stand on end/sent a chill down her spine.
②At midnight someone pounded at the door. She froze with terror.
③She trembled/shook with fear
④Molly crawled out of bed and tiptoed downstairs.
⑤Molly felt that the blood in her body froze rapidly
⑥Her knees felt weak
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇
【佳作展现】
The idea of being alone in the dark big house made her hair stand on end/sent a chill down her spine. However, at midnight someone pounded at the door. She froze with terror. She trembled/shook with fear. Her fingers were curled into a fist, nails digging into her palm. Where were Mom and Dad Molly crawled out of bed and tiptoed downstairs. Molly felt that the blood in her body froze rapidly at the sight of the dark figure outside the glass door. Yet, her knees felt weak. She reached for her cellphone to call the police, only to find it out of power.必修一Unit 4 Natural Disasters一轮教材复习
一、单元词汇变形必记
1.ruin n.&vt.破坏;毁坏→____________ adj.毁坏的,严重受损的
2.destroy vt.摧毁;毁灭→____________ (过去式/过去分词)→____________ n.毁坏;毁灭
3.power n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力→____________adj.强大的;强有力的→(反)____________ adj.无力的;没有能力的;无权力的
4.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt. (使)震惊→____________ adj.震惊的→____________ adj.令人震惊的
5.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→____________ n.感情
6.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力→____________ adj.不需费力的
7.calm adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静→____________ adv.镇静地;沉着地→____________ n.镇静
8.deliver vt.&vi.递送;传达 vt.发表→____________ n.递送;传达
9.effect n.影响;结果;效果→____________ adj.有效的→____________ adj.无效的
10.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→____________ n.幸存者;生还者→____________ n.幸存;生还
11.flood n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水;淹没→____________ adj.洪水泛滥的→____________ n.水灾;洪水泛滥
12.breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→____________ n.呼吸→____________ adj.气喘吁吁的
13.revive vt.&vi.复活;(使)苏醒→____________ n.振兴;复苏
14.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→____________ n.痛苦;苦难→____________ n.受苦者
15.wisdom n.智慧;才智→____________ adj.明智的;有智慧的→____________ adv.明智地;有智慧地
16.rescue n.&vt.营救;救援→____________ n.营救人员;救援人员
17.death n.死;死亡→____________ vi.死;死亡→____________ adj.死的;无生命的→____________ adj.垂死的;临终的
18.erupt vi.&vt. (火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→____________ n.爆发
19.length n.长;长度→____________ adj.长的→____________ vt.加长
二、单元重点短语必背
1. ____________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
2. ____________严重受损；破败不堪
3. ____________震惊；吃惊
4. ____________是/成为……的家园
5. ____________消灭；彻底消除
6.____________结束
7. ____________重新站起来；东山再起
8. ____________ 露天；在户外
9.____________现有(尤指帮助)
10. ____________提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴
三、单元重点句式必读
1.Chickens and even pigs ____________, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得不能进食,狗也不愿意进到室内去。
2.Water, food, and electricity ____________.水、食物和电很难得到。
3.____________________________________.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭突然水开始涌入家中。
4.___________________________________. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。
5.They not only ___________________________________, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical interest. 它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史价值的房子和商店。
四、单元重点词汇讲解
1.flood n. ①洪水 ②大量 vi.& vt. ③淹没;(使)泛滥;使灌满水 ④大量涌入;充满;挤满
1)a flood of ...一大批……
in floods of tears泪如雨下
2)flood in/into/out of大量涌入;蜂拥而出
表“情感”的名词+flood over sb.某人非常/深感……
flood back涌上心头
3)be flooded with充满/挤满……
【举一反三】
①___________________________________.甜蜜的回忆涌上心头,简哭得像个泪人似的。(读后续写情感描写)
②___________________________________.我的父亲深感宽慰和骄傲。(读后续写情感描写)
③She drew the curtains and ___________________________________.她拉开窗帘,阳光洒了进来。(读后续写写景)
2.affect vt. ①影响 ②(疾病)侵袭 ③深深打动
1)be deeply/greatly affected by...被……深深打动
be affected with ...染上……疾病
2)show/have/feel much/an affection for ... (非常)喜欢……,(非常)喜爱……
3)have an effect on ...对……有影响
【举一反三】
①___________________________________, I have developed a deep affection for the career.在这些无私的医生的影响下,我喜欢上了这个职业。(短文投稿)
②Large amounts of donations___________________________________.大量捐款源源不断地涌入受灾地区。(报道)
3.shock vt. ①(使) 震惊 n. ②休克;震惊;令人震惊的事 ③shocked adj. 感到震惊的 ④shocking adj. 令人震惊的
1)shock sb.使某人震惊
2)be a shock to sb.对某人而言是一件震惊的事
in shock吃惊地;震惊地
3)be shocked at sth.对某事感到震惊
be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊
【举一反三】
①___________________________________ is that the ocean is becoming severely polluted. 最令我们震惊的是,海洋正受到严重污染。(2022·全国甲卷短文)
②The news___________________________________.这个消息令我们都很震惊。(读后续写情感描写)
③On a cold morning, I opened the door and___________________________________.一个寒冷的早晨,我打开门,震惊地发现他受了重伤。
4.ruin vt. ①破坏;毁坏 ②糟蹋 n. ③[U]毁灭;破产 [C][常pl.]废墟;遗迹;残余
1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟
fall into ruin成为废墟;破败不堪
be reduced to ruins沦为废墟
2)ruin one’s health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
get ruined被破坏/毁坏
【举一反三】
①You can’t change the past, but you can ___________________________________ by worrying about the future.你改变不了过去,但如果你忧虑未来,将会毁了现在。(读后续写主旨升华)
②On returning to the town, they were shocked to ___________________________________.当他们回到镇上时,他们震惊地发现他们家附近成了废墟。(读后续写情感描写)
5.bury vt. ①埋葬;安葬 ②埋藏;掩藏;遮盖
bury ... in ...把……埋到/插入……里;使……沉浸于……
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
be buried inbury oneself in(doing) sth.埋头于/专心于(做)某事
【举一反三】
①Since she graduated, my mother ___________________________________, receiving high praise.我母亲自毕业以来,全心扑在教学上,获得了高度赞扬。(全国卷Ⅰ参赛短文)
②Father paced in, ___________________________________.父亲双手插在口袋里踱步进来。(新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)
6.effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth.努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力做某事
put one’s effort into (doing) sth.把精力投入到(做)某事中
2)in an effort to do sth.为了做某事
with effort费劲地
without effort轻松地
【举一反三】
①Do pay a visit to Jiuzhaigou, ___________________________________!九寨沟很值得一游。(天津卷短文投稿)
②Let’s start now and ___________________________________ every minute!让我们从现在开始,每分钟不遗余力地做好点滴!(倡议书)
③Now___________________________________, and a huge accomplishment to get out of bed.他现在坐起来相当费力,从床上爬起来也很了不起。(浙江卷读后续写)
7.suffer vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦;变差
suffer pain/injury/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/受伤/艰难/破坏
suffer defeat/loss/poverty/punishment遭受失败/损失/贫困/惩罚
suffer from the fire/war/flood/a headache/a heart attack遭受火灾/战争/洪水之苦/患头疼/心脏病
【举一反三】
①My hometown used to ___________________________________ such as poor road conditions and dirty environment.我的家乡曾饱受糟糕的道路条件和肮脏的环境等问题的困扰。(短文投稿)
②___________________________________.你功课变差,我并不感到惊讶。(劝慰信)
③_________________________, he had become seriously ill, suffering great pain and discomfort.令我们震惊的是,他已病得很重,非常痛苦难受。(2022·浙江卷读后续写情感描写)
8.survive vi. ①生存;存活 vt. ②幸存 ③艰难度过 ④比……活得长
1)survive on靠……生存;靠……维持生活
survive sth.幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来,活过来
survive sb.by+时间段 比某人多活……
2)survive from ... as ...作为……留存下来
【举一反三】
①The ancient building ___________________________________ as a museum.这栋古建筑从唐朝留存至今用作了博物馆。(短文)
②Life isn’t about___________________________________, but how to dance in the rain.生活不在于挺过暴雨,而在于在风雨中力求欢乐。(读后续写主旨升华)
9.power n. 电力供应;能量;力量;控制力
1)the power to do sth.做某事的能力/权力
come to/into power掌权;上台
in power当权;执政
beyond one s power某人力所不能及的
do all/everything in one s power to do sth.竭尽全力做某事
be in/within one s power to do sth.某人有权力/有能力做某事
2)be powered by ...由……提供动力;由……供电
【举一反三】
①If you have any problems, just turn to me. ___________________________________.如果你有什么问题,尽管来找我。我会尽我所能帮助你。(建议信)
②The present situation is only temporary, and ___________________________________.目前这个状况只是暂时的,你有能力解决它。(建议信)
③Gently rubbing the little dog’s ears, Mary___________________________________ to read her thoughts.玛丽揉着小狗的耳朵,对小狗揣摩自己想法的能力颇为吃惊。(读后续写动作+情感描写)
10.strike vi.& vt. ①敲响 ②报时 ③擦火柴 ④侵袭;突击 vt. ⑤击打 ⑥给……以印象 ⑦使想到/意识到 vi. ⑧罢工 n. ⑨罢工;罢课 ⑩袭击
1)be struck by/with ...被……击中;被……打动
It strikes sb. that ...某人突然想起……
strike ... into one s heart使某人对……刻骨铭心
strike sb. as/being ...给某人的印象是……
2)be/go on strike在/举行罢工
【举一反三】
①___________________________________, I can hardly wait to invite you to the music festival.我对你的音乐天赋印象深刻,我迫不及待地想邀请你参加音乐节。(邀请信)
②___________________________________; as a result, it strikes me that I will visit it again.泰山的美让我刻骨铭心,所以我想我会再次游览泰山。(游记)
11.effect n. 影响;结果;效果
have an effect on/upon ...对……有影响
come into effect/take effect生效;起作用
bring/put ... into effect使……生效
be of no effect无效果的
in effect实际上;事实上;有效
side effect副作用
【举一反三】
①During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which ___________________________________.李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌,对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(短文)
②Hopefully, my recommendations will soon ___________________________________.为解决这些问题,希望我的建议不久会付诸实施。(建议信)
五、微写作:运用单元必备知识,在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力
假设你是李华,你的家乡遭遇了洪灾,许多人参与救援,各企业也纷纷捐款捐物。请你用英语给他们写一封感谢信。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【遣词造句】
1.我写信真诚地感谢你们及时的救助和支持。(rescue)
______________________________________________________________________.
2.上个月,一场极其严重的洪灾袭击了我的家乡,使得许多房屋成为废墟,使得许多人处于危险之中。(strike,ruin)
______________________________________________________________________.
3.仿佛世界末日即将来临。(as if)
______________________________________________________________________.
4.由于你们迅速疏散处于危险中的人们并救援被困人员,没有人在这场令人震惊的灾难中丧生。(evacuate,trap,disaster)
______________________________________________________________________.
5.有了来自政府的大力支持和你们的慷慨援助,我们的城镇很快恢复了生机。(aid)
______________________________________________________________________.
6.我再怎么感谢你们也不为过。(can’t ...enough)
______________________________________________________________________.
【句式升级】
第2句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
______________________________________________________________________.
【连句成篇】
用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。过渡性词语或句子加黑。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、续写满分素材必练
【情感细节描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(二)】
吓呆 ①root sb. to the spot/rooted to the spot呆立不动; ②freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror吓呆 冒汗 ①sweat with fear吓得直冒汗; ②(palms) sweat (手心)冒汗
发抖、 发软 ①shake/tremble with fear吓得发抖;胆战心惊; ②(knees) knock in fright双膝吓得直打颤; ③knees feel weak双膝发软 毛骨 悚然 ①send a chill down/up sb. s spine令某人脊背发凉,令某人毛骨悚然; ②a chill deep down in one s bones毛骨悚然
1.按要求利用环境动作等细节描写烘托人物的恐惧,并背诵
①她一想到要独自留在这所黑暗的大房子里,就毛骨悚然。
The idea of being alone in the dark big house_______________________________________________.
②半夜有人敲门。她吓呆了。
_______________________________________________.
③她吓得浑身发抖。她握紧拳头,指甲抠进手掌。
_______________________________________________. Her fingers were curled into a fist, nails digging into her palm.
④妈妈和爸爸在哪里 莫莉从床上爬起来,踮着脚尖下楼。
Where were Mom and Dad _______________________________________________.
⑤莫莉看到玻璃门外的黑影,感觉体内的血液迅速凝固起来。
_______________________________________________at the sight of the dark figure outside the glass door.
⑥她双膝吓得发软。她伸手拿手机给警察打电话,却发现没电了。
_______________.She reached for her cellphone to call the police, only to find it out of power.
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇
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