Module 10 Unit 1 Building the future
Grammar and usage：linking words
【Learning Aims】
1. Get to know some types of linking words as well as their functions.
2. Improve reading and writing ability by using linking words.
【Learning Focus】
Identify and apply linking words in different situations.
Activities
Activity one : Preview
1. Read the following passage on the importance of education and underline the linking words
Education is very important, especially in the various ways it benefits young people. First, it teaches them and helps them better understand the world. Second, education teaches people about the history and culture of their country. In this way, young people learn about the past and are able to appreciate their national literature and art. Third, education helps develop people’s personalities. Through education, young people learn to respect and tolerate others and will become friendlier and more helpful. Last, education prepares young people for the future. Apart from academic knowledge, they will also learn the skills they need for their future careers. On top of this, education also plays a key role in building a peaceful society. It is one of the most effective ways to transform the increasingly diverse populations of many countries into good citizens. Therefore, many governments believe that a good education system helps prevent crime and poverty. Through education, young people can gain experience and learn practical skills used in fields such as science. Consequently, education helps equip a nation with skilled workers and allows it to develop its industries and economy. In short, education prepares young people for the future, helps create a more peaceful and wealthy society and benefits the development of a nation.
2. Polish the following sentences using linking words ( SB P8 for reference)
1). Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public more aware of the problem. $100 million was raised.
2). The program has several aims: to help unemployed people find work; to teach new mothers about nutrition; and to help young people develop problem-solving skills.
3). These people will be given a chance to help themselves so that they no longer need to depend on other people. They will enjoy a higher standard of living.
4). Polly planned the charity event because she wanted to help poor people in the city. She wanted to make others aware of the situation.
5). Poverty is still killing people. These small victories are a good start towards a better future.
6). Our organization is working to raise money for homeless people. We are collecting clothing to give to those in need.
3. Make a summary of linking words
Time sequence words: ______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Cause and effect words: ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Contrasting words: ________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Addition words: ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Conclusion: _______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Others: __________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the fun_ction of linking words?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Activity two: Practice
1. Multiple choices
1). Most people work because it's unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work. （2015浙江10）
A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion
2）Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. _____, it could just put you in debt. （2014江西卷）
A. In other words B. All in all C. As a result D. On the other hand
3）______good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.（2011福建）
A. In spite of B. Far from C. Apart from D. Instead of
4) _______ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support. （2014天津卷）
A. In reply to B. In addition to C. In charge of D. In place of
5) Facing up to your problem ____ running away from them is the best approach to working things out. （2014浙江卷 ）
A. more than B. rather than C. along with D. or rather
6) Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _______ she could stay home and raise her family. （2014浙江卷 ）
A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that
7) There’s no reason to be disappointed. ______, this could be rather amusing. （2014浙江卷 ）
A. Above all B. As a result C. In addition D. As a matter of fact
8) He is a shy man, _______he is not afraid of anything or anyone. （2015北京）
A. so B. but C. or D. as
9) It's not easy to change habits, with awareness and self—control, it is possible. (2013重庆卷)
A. for B. or C. but D. so
10) Brown said he was by no means annoyed; ___________ he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.
A. all in all B. on the other hand C. on the contrary D. in many ways.
2. Cloze test and reading comprehension
【2009·江苏】
Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. Examples of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. During a service experience, students must keep a journal（日志）and then write a report about what they have learned.
Supporters claim that there are many 41 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think beyond their own interests and become aware of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real-life skills that include responsibility, problem-solving, and working as part of a team. 45 , students can explore possible careers through service learning.
41. A. courses B. benefits C . challenges D. features
45. A. Gradually B. Finally C . Luckily D. Hopefully
【2012·江苏卷】
……Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our __42_, but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become dependent on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not using it would make them an outsider. __45__, many jobs and careers require people to be connected. ......
……The ability to be “connected” and “ on” has many __50___, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up lost on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives.
42. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors
45. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow
50. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions
【2015·北京卷】D
Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes that are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.
An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys on this topic suggest that parents today continue to be“very”or “somewhat”overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.
However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.
In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents - today’s grandparents - would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.
Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.
Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.
70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
【2015·湖北卷】E (Optional)
Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.
Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren’t?
To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）. Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attention. So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.
On the whole, Brooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’s attempt to translate his tale into science.
69.What is the author’s general attitude towards the book?
A. Contradictory. B. Supportive. C . Cautious. D. Critical.
70.What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?
A. Problems with the book. B. Brooks’s life experience.
C. Death of the characters. D. Brooks’s translation skills.
3. Writing
众所周知，饥饿仍然是全球头号健康威胁。但是，对于援助这些饥荒受难者的形式，如：食品援助，还是发展援助，人们观点不一。请你结合下面的漫画写一篇150字左右的文章，并表明你的观点。
As we can see in the picture, the man is confused about his choice when asked by a fisherman, “To give a fish or to teach to fish, which do you prefer?”. The picture reveals confusion about how to help people in need.
There actually exists a disagreement about how to help developing countries. Some people hold the view that food aid is fast and direct, and can get rid of their present trouble. However, others hold a different opinion: development aid is better, because it is a long-term solution.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Homework:
1. Polishing up your paragraph; 2. Reading 38
1.CDCBB DDBCC
2. BB BAC B DA
As we can see in the picture, the man is confused about his choice when asked by a fisherman, “To give a fish or to teach to fish, which do you prefer?”. The picture reveals confusion about how to help people in need.
There actually exists a disagreement about how to help developing countries. Some people hold the view that food aid is fast and direct, and can get rid of their present trouble. However, others hold a different opinion: development aid is better, because it is a long-term solution.
When it comes to the problem with poverty, development aid makes more sense. For one thing, food aid alone is far from enough. For another, what developing countries need to do is to stop poverty by fighting the causes of it. We can improve a country’s infrastructure and provide education and training for young people, thus helping it switch from importing food to producing it. Just as an old saying goes, “God helps those who help themselves.”
课件29张PPT。M10U1 Building the futureGrammarLinking wordsActivity 2 CheckingRead the following passage on the importance of education and underline the linking words.
Education is very important, particularly in the various ways it benefits young people. First of all, it teaches them and helps them better understand the world. Secondly, education teaches people about the history and culture of their country. In this way, young people learn about the past and are able to appreciate their national literature and art. Thirdly, education helps develop people’s personalities. Through education, young people learn to respect and tolerate others and will become more friendly, cooperative and helpful. Lastly, education prepares young people for the future. Apart from academic knowledge, they will also learn the skills they need for their future careers.
On top of this, education also plays a key role in building a peaceful society. It is one of the most effective ways to transform the increasingly diverse populations of many countries into good citizens. Therefore, many governments believe that a good education system helps prevent crime and poverty. Through education, young people can gain experience and learn practical skills used in fields such as science. Consequently, education helps equip a nation with skilled workers and allows it to develop its industries and economy. In short, education prepares young people for the future, helps create a more peaceful and wealthy society and benefits the development of a nation.Activity 2 CheckingBrainstormWhat’s the fun_ction of linking words?Links are needed between sentences to connect the ideas of the sentences to each other. Without these links, it is easy for readers to get confused. These links help readers work out what is going to happen next in a text.Activity 2 Checking1). Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public more aware of the problem. $100 million was raised. 2. Polish up these sentences.In the end/?Time sequence wordActivity 2 Checking2). The program has several aims: to help unemployed people find work; to teach new mothers about nutrition; and to help young people develop problem-solving skills.First/?Second/?Third/?Time sequence wordsActivity 2 Checking3). These people will be given a chance to help themselves so that they no longer need to depend on other people. They will enjoy a higher standard of living. As a result/?Cause and effect word Activity 2 Checking4). Polly planned the charity event because she wanted to help poor people in the city. She wanted to make others aware of the situation.for one thingFor another thingCause and effect words 5). Poverty is still killing people. These small victories are a good start towards a better future.
6). Our organization is working to raise money for homeless people. We are collecting clothing to give to those in need.However/?What’s more/?Contrasting word Addition word Activity 2 Checking4. Summary of linking wordsTime sequence words: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cause and effect words: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Contrasting words: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
Addition words: __________________________________________________________________________________________________ firstly; secondly; thirdly; finally; then; next; to begin with;
first of all; in the first place; above all; last but not least; for this reason; due to; thanks to;
because of; owing to; as a result; thus; hence; so; therefore; accordingly; as a consequenceby contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, different from, otherwise, yet, in contrast withwhat’s more, in addition, besides, also, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally Activity 2 Checking4. Summary of linking wordsConclusion: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
Others: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________to conclude; on the whole; in conclusion; to sum up; in brief;
in short; in summary ; in a word; all in all; generally speaking; for example; for instance; in this/that case; such as;
take… for example; likewise; yet; despite; in spite of; in the same way;
in the same manner; equallyActivity 2 Checking1. Multiple choices
1). Most people work because it's unavoidable. ,
there are some people who actually enjoy work. （2015浙江10）
A. As a result B. In addition
C. By contrast D. In conclusion
2）Starting your own business could be a way to
achieving financial independence .____, it could
just put you in debt. （2014江西卷）
A. In other words B. All in all
C. As a result D. On the other handActivity 3 Practice3）_______good service，the restaurant offers
different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
（2011福建）
A. In spite of B. Far from
C. Apart from D. Instead of
4) _______ the school, the village has a clinic, which
was also built with government support.
（2014天津卷）
A. In reply to B. In addition to
C. In charge of D. In place ofActivity 3 Practice5) Facing up to your problem ____ running away from
them is the best approach to working things out. （2014浙江卷 ）
A. more than B. rather than
C. along with D. or rather
6) Cathy had quit her job when her son was born
_______ she could stay at home and raise her family. （2014浙江卷 ）
A. now that B. as if
C. only if D. so thatActivity 3 Practice7) There’s no reason to be disappointed. ______, this
could be rather amusing. （2014浙江卷 ）
A. Above all B. As a result
C. In addition D. As a matter of fact
8) He is a shy man, _______he is not afraid of
anything or anyone. （2015北京）
A. so B. but
C. or D. asActivity 3 Practice9) It's not easy to change habits, with awareness
and self-control, it is possible. (2013重庆卷)
A. for B. or
C. but D. so
10) Brown said he was by no means annoyed;
___________ he was glad to be able to make
himself clearly understood.
A. all in all B. on the other hand
C. on the contrary D. in many ways.Activity 3 Practice2. Cloze test and reading comprehension.
【2009·江苏】
Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. Examples of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. During a service experience, students must keep a journal（日志）and then write a report about what they have learned.
Supporters claim that there are many 41 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think beyond their own interests and become aware of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real-life skills that include responsibility, problem-solving, and working as part of a team. 45 , students can explore possible careers through service learning.
41. A. courses B. benefits C . Challenge D. features
45. A. Gradually B. Finally C . Luckily D. HopefullyActivity 3 Practice(2012江苏卷)
……Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not
only from our ___42____, but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become _dependent__ on digital
technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at
this point not _using__ it would make them an outsider. ___45____,
many jobs and careers require people to be __connected__. ......
……The ability to be “connected” and “ on” has many
___50____, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up
___lost___on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives.
42. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors
45. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow
50. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptionsnot only...but …as well
45空前后逻辑关系？
Activity 3 Practice【2015·北京卷】
70. Which of the following shows the development of
ideas in this passage?Activity 3 Practice【2015·湖北卷】E
69.What is the author’s general attitude towards the
book?
A. Contradictory. B. Supportive.
C . Cautious. D. Critical. 观点态度题。最后一段中的链接词“while”之前是这本
书的优势，其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这部
书持批判的态度。故选D项。Activity 3 Practice【2015·湖北卷】E
70.What is the author likely to write about after the
last paragraph?
A. Problems with the book.
B. Brooks’s life experience.
C. Death of the characters.
D. Brooks’s translation skills. 篇章结构题。文章最后一段中链接词“while”后面
部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题。因此紧接着作者应
该还是在写这本的不足。故选A项。Activity 3 Practice3. Writing众所周知，饥饿仍然是全球头号健康威胁。但是，对于援助这些饥荒受难者的形式，如：食品援助，还是发展援助，人们观点不一。请你结合下面的漫画写一篇150字左右的文章，并表明你的观点。Activity 3 Pratice
Turn to Reading for ideas.TipsTake full advantage of the textbook.
improve a country’s infrastructure…
educate and train young people…
provide training and help for…
…
Opinions How to polish up your composition? Good structureProper
links Various expressions＋3. Writing When it comes to the problem with poverty, development aid makes more sense. For one thing, food aid alone is far from enough. For another, what developing countries need to do is to stop poverty by fighting the causes of it. We can help them improve its infrastructure and provide education and training for young people, thus allowing them to help themselves. Just as an old saying goes, “God helps those who help themselves.”
Only in this way can we help them make a living by themselves in the long term.
Activity 3 Practice 自主整理HomeworkPolishing up your paragraph
2. Reading 38
Thanks you for your listening and have a good day!
