(共45张PPT)
选择性必修 第一册
Unit 3 The art of painting
核心词汇
①be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于
②oppose vt. 反对；抵制；与……角逐
oppose (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
③opposing adj. 相反的；对立的
④opposite adj. 对面的；相反的
1
opposed / 'p zd/ adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的
[先讲解]
【写作金句】This exercise develops suppleness as opposed to strength. 这项锻炼不是增强力量，而是增强柔韧性的。(推荐信)
【联想发散】表示“反对”的短语还有object to (doing) sth.、be against sth.等。
①employ sb. as 雇用某人担任……
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
be employed in doing sth. 从事于，忙于做某事
②employment n. 工作，职业，受雇；利用；就业
③unemployment n. 失业
④employer n. 雇主，老板
⑤employee n. 受雇者，雇工，雇员
2
employ / m'pl / vt. 运用，使用；雇用
【写作金句】[译林选必四U3P33]As a result, employees will need to attain excellent soft skills such as communication, cooperation and leadership. 因此，员工需要掌握优秀的软技能，如沟通、合作和领导能力。(申请信)
①be realistic about 对……实事求是
set realistic goals/targets 制定可实现的目标
a realistic painting 一幅写实画
②unrealistic adj. 不实事求是的；不切实际的
③reality n. 现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
in reality 实际上；事实上
escape from reality 逃避现实
turn...into reality 把……变成现实
④really adv. 真正地，真实地；确实
⑤real adj. 真实的；确实的
3
realistic / ri 'l st k; r 'l st k/ adj. 逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际
的；明智的
【写作金句】[人教选必三U1P2]In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. 特别是，他的画作因其逼真的人脸和深刻的情感影响而与其他画作不同。(人物介绍)
①be worthy of＋n. 值得……
②worth adj. 值得的；有……价值
be worth＋n./doing 值得……/(某事)值得做
③worthwhile adj. 值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)的
4
worthy /'w i/ adj. 值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的
【写作金句】[北师必修一U2P38]Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realizing that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end. 没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和努力最终都是值得的更让人满意的了。(主旨升华)
①bathe the wound 清洗伤口
bathe...in/be bathed in 沐浴在……中
②bath n. 洗澡，洗浴
take/have a bath 洗澡
5
bathe /be / vt. 以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗
【写作金句】The cottage was bathed in warm sunshine. 小屋沐浴在温暖的阳光中。
go against 与……相背，违反
go after 追赶
go by (时间)流逝，过去
go for 努力争取；适用于
go in for 参加考试(或竞赛)；爱好
go through 经历，遭受；用完；耗尽
go over 反复研究；仔细检查
6
go about sth. 忙于做某事，继续做某事
【写作金句】People from all walks of life can be seen going about their daily business. 可以看到各行各业的人们忙于他们的日常事务。(报道)
①It is apparent that从句 显然……
②apparently adv. 据……所知；看来；显然
7
apparent / 'p r nt/ adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然
【写作金句】Apparently, blindly following others' advice can affect our own judgement. 显然，盲目听从别人的意见会影响我们自己的判断。(建议信)
①on closer inspection 经进一步检查/查看
carry out a thorough inspection of 对……进行彻底检查
a routine/daily inspection 例行检查/日常检查
②inspect vt. 检查；视察
8
inspection / n'spek n/ n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
【写作金句】All the passengers, according to the new regulation, are to be inspected before boarding the subway. 根据新规定，所有乘客在乘坐地铁前都要接受检查。(告知信)
①expose...to 使……接触……；使暴露于
expose oneself to 使自己面临……；使自己遭受……
be exposed to 接触；暴露于
②exposure n. 暴露；显露；揭露
exposure to 面临，遭受(危险或不快)
9
expose / k'sp z/ vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露，露出；使遭受；使接触
【写作金句】[人教选必二U2P17]Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. 接触另一种文化及其人们可以让交换生对世界有更深入的了解。(跨文化交流)
①in decline＝on the decline 在下降
fall into (a) decline 开始衰退/衰落
a decline in 在……方面下降/减少
②decline by 下降/减少了……
decline to 下降/减少到……
decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
10
decline /d 'kla n/ n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi. & vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
【写作金句】[北师选必四U12P59]Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades, he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes. 尽管霍金的体能在几十年里有所下降，但他从未停止过研究，并提出了许多关于黑洞的新想法。(人物介绍)
核心词汇
①Many educators are strongly opposed to ___________(protect) children too much.
②[译林选必二U2P24]You can also include an __________(oppose) opinion and state why you disagree.
③Now students can express their own ideas, as _________(oppose) to just listening to the teacher.
[后练习]
考点1
opposed的相关用法
protecting
opposing
opposed
④[写作迁移]The local government cancelled the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to it.
→ ________________________________________, the local government cancelled it. (with复合结构)
With a lot of people opposing the new proposal
①Full-time ___________(employ) in our company are entitled to receive health insurance.
②Changes in farming methods have badly affected ____________(employ) in the area.
③[外研选必三U5P71]Inspired by dolphins, people have learnt how to send signals underwater, which is currently __________(employ) in tsunami early-warning systems.
考点2
employ的相关用法
employees
employment
employed
①My parents asked me to be ___________(reality) about my future.
②In fact, so much travelling was ________(real) a good thing because it made us close.
③So long as you try your best, your dream will someday become a _________ (realistic)．
④[写作迁移]那些有不切实际的目标的学生往往比其他人承受更大的压力。
_____________________________________ often put themselves under more stress than others.
考点3
realistic的相关用法
realistic
really
reality
Those students with unrealistic goals
[写作迁移]他提出的这项课题值得讨论。(一句多译)
①
②
③
考点4
worthy的相关用法
The project put forward by him is worth discussing/discussion.
The project put forward by him is worthy of discussion.
It is worthwhile discussing/to discuss the project put forward by him.
①The moon bathed the countryside ____ a silver light.
②Cycling along the small path, and _________(bathe) in the brilliant sunshine, the boy felt at ease.
③The sun began to rise in the sky, _______(bathe) the mountains in an orange glow.
④[写作迁移·译林选必二U1P2]我正要洗澡，突然听到人们的尖叫和狗的吠叫。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点5
bathe的相关用法
in
bathed
bathing
I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking.
①Not until he ______________ real hardships did he realize the love from his family was so precious.
②As time _________, I realized how much I missed my parent who had passed away.
③He had to do that, because he would not ____________ his parents' wishes.
④Remember that you should ________ every precious chance to better yourself.
⑤[外研选必四U3P44]Finally, identify what you still need to find out and how you will __________ this.
考点6
go about sth.及其拓展短语的相关用法
went through
went by
go against
go for
go about
①The fact soon became apparent to everyone ______ what the boy said was unreal.
②[人教选必一U1P2]She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood ___________ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties.
③[写作迁移]很显然，吸烟有害我们的健康。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点7
apparent的相关用法
that
apparently
It is apparent that smoking does harm to our health. /Apparently, smoking does harm to our health.
①[人教选必三U3P33]At the same time, they started to carry out _____________ (inspect) regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses.
②Products must be strictly, not carelessly, ___________(inspect) before they leave the factory.
③[写作迁移]在游客进入博物馆前，保安将对他们所有的行李进行彻底的检查。
Before the tourists enter the museum, the security will ________________________ _____________________________.
考点8
inspection的相关用法
inspections
inspected
carry out a thorough
inspection of all their luggage
①[译林选必三U1P3]As you are _________(expose) to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space.
②[外研选必二U6P94]What's more, my spacesuit keeps me safe from __________ (expose) to the Martian surface for up to several hours at a time.
③Seeing us approaching, she smiled joyfully, __________(expose) nice little white teeth.
考点9
expose的相关用法
exposed
exposure
exposing
④[写作迁移·译林选必三U2P27]暴露于高水平的辐射可能会增加感染癌症和其他疾病的风险。
_____________________________________________________ contracting cancer and other diseases.
Exposure to high levels of radiation may increase the risks of
①It is reported that the temperature will decline ____ －2℃ in one or two days.
②The number of tourists declined ____ at least 20% last year because of the slow-growing economy.
③She declined _________(hang) out with her friends that night, saying that she wasn't feeling well.
④[写作迁移]因为我在忙着准备期末考试，所以我别无选择，只能谢绝你的邀请。
Occupied in preparing for my final exam, ___________________________________ _____________.
考点10
decline的相关用法
to
by
to hang
I have no alternative but to decline your
invitation
一词多义
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[译林选必一U3P34]As I wandered in the National Gallery, I was amazed to see all the paintings. ___
②The wide river wanders through some beautiful country and finally reaches the Yellow River. ___
③Unfortunately, my attention wandered for a moment and I lost the thread of what I was saying. ___
④The child wandered off and got lost. ___
1
wander /'w nd (r)/ A. vi. & vt. 闲逛，漫步 B. vi. 走失 C. vi. 走神
D. vi. 蜿蜒曲折
A
D
C
B
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head. ___
②It strikes me that nobody is really in favour of the sudden changes. ___
③Workers along the coastline are planning to go on a strike. ___
④He struck a match and saw that this beautiful miracle was indeed accomplished. ___
2
strike /stra k/ A. vt. 突然想到 B. vt. 撞，碰；打 C. vt. & vi. 侵袭
D. vi. 罢工 E. vt. 划(火柴) F. n. 罢工 G. n. 击，打；击球未中
B
A
F
E
⑤A 7.2-magnitude earthquake struck the Philippines on Tuesday, killing at least 32 people.___
⑥[译林选必二U2P26]“Three strikes and you are out” is another idiom that comes from baseball. ___
C
G
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①It's one of the tallest buildings in this area, and it really dominates this whole place. ___
②[译林选必一U3P31]Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as opposed to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art. ___
③Real Madrid dominated the first half of the match. ___
3
dominate /'d m ne t/ A. vt. 在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色
B. vt. & vi. 支配，控制 C. vt. & vi. 占有优势 D. vt. 俯视
D
A
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①Children with poor vision will be influenced in their future career. ___
②The book tells a vision of a world in which there would be no wars. ___
③[北师选必三U7P21]When working together with others, it is important that you have a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it. ___
4
vision /'v n/ A. n. 远见卓识 B. n. 视力，视野 C. n. 想象
B
C
A
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their original works. ___
②[译林选必一U3P39]Using ink on silk, he creates realistic images of scenery, buildings and people, and displays a remarkable mastery of perspective. ___
③[外研选必一U4P59]As this artwork is rarely on display, people have sometimes queued up to six hours for a chance to see it. ___
5
display /d 'sple / A. vt. 陈列，展出 B. vt. 显露，显示，表现 C. n. 陈列，展览 D. n. 表现，展示
A
B
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[外研选必三U2P27改]Now, the time has finally come for Mr Wang to wind up the gigantic clocks that date back to the time of Emperor Qianlong. ___
②The river winds its way between two meadows. ___
③[译林必修二U3P31]Some of them carried flags, which blew in the wind. ___
④Wind a bandage firmly around the wounded leg and you can stop bleeding. ___
6
wind /w nd/ A. n. 风 /wa nd/ B. vt. 缠绕 C. vt. & vi. 给……上发条
D. vt. & vi. 蜿蜒，迂回
C
D
A
B
重难句式
【课本原句】 It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都能以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。
1
It is＋形容词＋that...
为保持句子结构上的平衡，It在句中充当形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
①It is important/evident/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that从句
②It is a pity(遗憾)/an honour(荣誉)/a privilege(荣幸)/no wonder(难怪) that从句
③It is reported/said/believed/thought/announced/claimed/recommended that从句
【写作迁移】用以上句型翻译句子
①真奇怪，他竟然没有得到允许就把书从图书馆里带走了。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
②据说你在演讲比赛中得了第一名。
____________________________________________________________________
It is strange that he should have taken out the books from the library without permission.
It is said that you have won first place in the speech contest.
【课本原句】The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, featuring crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work. 第一部分展现了汴京城外平静的乡村生活场景，重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。
2
现在分词作定语
①在形式上，现在分词作定语一般有doing和being done两种形式，不用having done/having been done形式作定语。
②在意义上，doing表示主动、动作正在进行或当时的状态，being done表示被动。
③现在分词(短语)作后置定语时，可转换成定语从句。
【写作迁移】用现在分词(短语)作定语翻译句子
①正在开的这场学术会议将对肺癌的治疗极具价值。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
②最近，在两家不同超市对相同商品进行的一次价格比较调查引起了市民热烈的讨论。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The academic conference being held now is of great value to the treatment for lung cancer.
Recently, a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens.(共54张PPT)
选择性必修 第一册
Unit 2 The universal language
核心词汇
deserve respect/consideration/a reward 值得尊敬/值得考虑/理应受到奖励
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事
deserve doing＝deserve to be done (某事)值得被做，应该被做
get what you deserve＝deserve all/everything you get 罪有应得
You deserve it. 你活该/这是你应得的。
1
deserve /d 'z v/ vt. 值得，应得
[先讲解]
【写作金句】
①[2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷]The columns of Youth are so novel and appealing that they deserve reading/to be read regularly. 《青春》的栏目非常新颖且有吸引力，它们值得经常阅读。(投稿)
②She is widely acknowledged to be the most responsible and considerate teacher in our school, so she deserves to be respected by all us students. 她被公认为我们学校最负责任、最体贴的老师，所以她应该受到我们全体学生的尊重。(人物介绍)
【联想发散】表示“值得”的短语或句型还有be worth (doing)、be worthy of sth.和It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.。
tear sth. apart 使四分五裂；使分崩离析；撕毁；撕碎
tear down 拆毁，拆除(建筑物、墙等)
tear up 撕毁，撕碎(文件等)
tear...from 从……撕下……
2
tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
【写作金句】The music took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple torn apart by their families. 乐曲带我进入了一个跌宕起伏的经典故事，讲述的是一对年轻情侣被他们家庭拆散的遭遇。(推荐信)
①whisper to sb. 低声对某人说
whisper sth. in one's ear 在某人耳边低语
It is/was whispered that从句 有人私下说……
②in a whisper/in whispers＝in a low voice 小声地，低声地
3
whisper /'w sp (r)/ vi. & vt. 耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n. 低语；轻柔的声音；传言
【写作金句】
①When the moon had risen, we lay on the grass, listening to the wind whispering in the dark.
当月亮升起时，我们躺在草地上，听着风在黑暗中低语。(情景描写)
②Then the twins whispered to their mother that they loved her so much and they were eager to see her smile every day. 然后双胞胎跟他们的母亲小声说，他们非常爱她，渴望每天都能看到她的微笑。(情感描写)
overcome the difficulties/barriers 克服困难/障碍
be overcome by/with 受到……的极大影响
4
overcome / v 'k m/ vt. 受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜
【写作金句】
①Faced with so many new challenges, David was overcome by fear and was at a loss what to do.
面对这么多新挑战，大卫感到恐惧，不知道该做什么。(心理描写)
②When he received the admission letter from the university, he was overcome with joy. 当他收到大学的录取信时，他欣喜若狂。(心理描写)
①transform...into 把……变为……
②transformation n. (彻底的)变化，改观，转变，改革
experience/undergo a complete transformation 经历彻底的变革
5
transform /tr ns'f m/ vi. & vt. (使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化
【写作金句】[北师选必四U12P53]Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”， with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests. 地球上的人类生活已经变成一个“地球村”，所有不同的国家都在共同利益链中联系在一起。(倡议书)
①rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事，相信某人会做某事
rely on it that从句 相信……，指望……
②reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的
6
rely /r 'la / on 依赖，依靠；信任
【写作金句】[译林选必四U1P14]Responsibility is an important character trait to have if one wants to be seen as a reliable and trustworthy person. 如果一个人想被视为一个可靠和值得信赖的人，责任心是一个重要的性格特征。(演讲稿)
【联想发散】
①表示“依赖，依靠”的短语还有depend on、count on。
②rely on后接that引导的从句时，必须用it作形式宾语再接that从句。类似的结构还有see to it that从句(确保……)。
You can rely on it that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble. 你可以相信，如果我们有困难，珍妮弗会来帮助我们。
①a catchy tune 一首悦耳易记的曲子
sing a song to the tune of 用……曲调唱歌
in tune with 与……协调/一致/融洽
out of tune with 与……不协调/不一致/不融洽
in/out of tune 音调正确/不正确
② tune...to 将频道调为……；调整……
tune in 收听，收看
tune out 不理睬；思想开小差
7
tune /tju n/ n. 曲调，曲子 vt. 调音；调频道；调整
【写作金句】The younger generation are raised in a more open environment, which has enabled them to develop in tune with their values. 年轻一代在一个更加开放的环境中长大，这使他们能够根据自己的价值观发展。(演讲稿)
consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于
consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of 由……组成(或构成)
8
consist /k n's st/ of 由……组成(或构成)
【写作金句】A Chinese painting exhibition consisting of dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art centre.
昨天在艺术中心举行了国画作品展，展出了几十幅我校同学的画作。(报道)
【特别提醒】consist of无被动形式，也不可以用于进行时态。
get across 被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚
get away from 逃离，摆脱
get away with 做(坏事)而未受惩罚；偷携某物潜逃
get along (with) (与……)相处；(事情)进展
get about 传播；流传；各处走动
get over 解决；克服；控制；从疾病(或震惊、断绝关系等)中恢复常态
get through 用完；耗尽；打通；(使)正式通过；熬过
9
get down to (doing) sth. 开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事
【写作金句】It was your encouragement and support that cheered me up and helped me get through the hard times. 正是你的鼓励和支持使我振作起来，帮助我度过困难时期。(感谢信)
【联想发散】表示“开始做某事”的短语还有set about doing sth.、set out to do sth.等。
①accompany sb.＝keep pany 陪伴某人
accompany sb. to 陪伴/陪同某人去(某地)
accompany sb. on/at the piano/guitar 用钢琴/吉他为某人伴奏
be accompanied by由……陪同/伴随
②companion n. 同伴；伙伴
10
accompany / 'k mp ni/ vt. 陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏
【写作金句】The boys were struck with fear as the wind blew the trees on their side accompanied by heavy rain. 风猛刮着身边的树，伴随着大雨，男孩们吓坏了。(融情于景)
①be enthusiastic about 对……热心的，对……热情的
②enthusiasm n. 热情，热心
do sth. with enthusiasm 热心地做某事
③enthusiastically adv. 热情地，热心地
④enthusiast n. 热心者，爱好者
11
enthusiastic / n θju zi' st k/ adj. 热情的，热心的
【写作金句】
①[外研选必一U2P24]With life being made up of ups and downs, it is not always easy to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude. 生活由起起落落组成，保持良好和热情的态度并不总是那么容易。
②I want to serve as a volunteer of this international tennis competition because I'm really enthusiastic about tennis. 我想成为这次国际网球比赛的志愿者，因为我对网球充满热情。(申请信)
①be/get upset about 对……感到难过/沮丧
be upset that从句 因……不高兴
②It upsets sb. to do sth. 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb. that从句 让某人不高兴的是……
12
upset / p'set/ adj. 难过的，失望的 / p'set/ vt. 使烦恼；搅乱；打翻
【写作金句】In spite of all his efforts, he failed. He was so upset about it that he felt like crying.
尽管他很努力但还是失败了，他伤心地想哭。(情感描写)
①possess sth. 拥有某物
be possessed by 为……所支配，为……所迷住
②possession n. 个人财产；拥有，具有
take possession of 占有，拥有
come into possession of 继承
in possession of sth. 拥有
in the possession of sb. 被某人拥有，在某人手中
13
possess /p 'zes/ vt. 具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制
【写作金句】[译林选必四U1P14]Honesty and the ability to accept responsibility are among the most important qualities that a person can possess. 诚实和承担责任的能力是一个人所能拥有的最重要的品质之一。(演讲稿)
【特别提醒】
①possess不用于进行时。
②in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有，拥有”；in the possession of表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被/为……占有”。
The old man is in possession of a large company.
＝A large company is in the possession of the old man.
这个老人拥有一家大公司。
核心词汇
[写作迁移]首先要保持一个开放的心态，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。(一句多译)
①What comes first is to keep an open mind, _______________________________ _________________________________________. (deserve)
②What comes first is to keep an open mind, ______________________________ _____________. (worth)
③What comes first is to keep an open mind, ______________________________ ________________________. (worthy)
[后练习]
考点1
deserve的相关用法
because everyone's ideas deserve
consideration/considering/to be considered
because everyone's ideas are worth
considering
because everyone's ideas are
worthy of consideration
①The abandoned building is scheduled to be torn ______ this month.
②When we tear a page ______ the calendar, it means that our life has been shortened by one day.
③[写作迁移]她父亲一看到那封信就把它撕碎了。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点2
tear apart及其拓展短语的相关用法
down
from
Her father tore it up the moment he glanced at the letter.
[写作迁移]人们私下说他正在准备一个惊喜聚会。(一句多译)
①_______________________ he was preparing a surprise party. (whisper v．)
②___________________________ he was preparing a surprise party. (whisper n．)
③________________________ he was preparing a surprise party. (it作形式主语)
考点3
whisper的相关用法
People whispered that
People said in whispers that
It was whispered that
①__________(overcome) by curiosity, the boy couldn't wait to open the box on the table.
②[译林选必一U2P20]When Boya learnt about Zhong Ziqi's death, he was overcome _________ sorrow.
③[写作迁移]只要我们拧成一股绳，就没有克服不了的困难。
As long as we are united, __________________________________________.
考点4
overcome的相关用法
Overcome
with/by
there is no difficulty we can't overcome
①A sitting room can ________________(transform) into a guest bedroom simply by adding a sofa bed.
②Every moment of every day, energy is being transformed from one form ______ another.
③The economic framework of the 21st century is going through new ____________ (transform)．
④[写作迁移]过去的十年见证了这个小山村的彻底的变化。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点5
transform的相关用法
be transformed
into
transformation
The past ten years has witnessed a complete transformation of the small village.
①Don't rely on me ________(see) you off this afternoon because I will be occupied otherwise.
②When necessary, instinct is the most __________(rely) resource you can fall back on.
③[写作迁移]你相信我好了，我会按时完成工作的。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点6
rely的相关用法
to see
reliable
You can rely on it that I can finish the work on time. /You can rely on me to finish the work on time.
①I have been out of practice at singing for many years, so I couldn't sing ____tune.
②His failure mainly arises from being _____ of tune with what his customers want.
③I have a 10-year-old grand piano which needs ____________________(tune) but otherwise it's in good condition.
④[写作迁移]政府的最终决定与群众的想法完全一致。
The government's final decision ________________________ the masses's opinion.
考点7
tune的相关用法
in
out
to be tuned/tuning
was perfectly in tune with
①[外研必修三U6P87]Consisting ____ 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts.
②A team __________(compose) of 200 firefighters has been sent to the flood-stricken region.
③[写作迁移]在我看来，幸福在于为人民服务。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点8
consist的相关用法
of
composed
As far as I'm concerned, happiness consists in serving the people.
①I had created a way to_____ my message ________ by using as few words as possible.
②[人教选必二U1P5]This was when you should have calmed down and __________ doing some solid work.
③I love cities, but there are times when I need to go to the countryside and _______________ the noise, the dirt and the people.
考点9
get down to及其拓展短语的相关用法
get
across
got down to
get away from
①While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her _______ the piano.
②[译林选必四U2P16]They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if _____________(accompany) by a gentle smile.
③He said he was going to ___________ her home, and the lady was happy to have such a nice ___________. (company)
考点10
accompany的相关用法
on/at
accompanied
accompany
companion
④[写作迁移]我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。(道歉信)
_________________________________________________________ the bookshop at the appointed time.
I have to apologize to you for not being able to accompany you to
①Today I am as _____________ about my job as the first day and my ___________ enables me to treat my job __________________. (enthusiastic)
②According to the organizers, more than 600 kite _____________(enthusiastic) from 59 countries and regions are attending this year's festival.
③[写作迁移]如果你对英语充满热情，思维敏捷，那么就毫不犹豫地加入辩论队吧。(邀请信)
________________________________________________________, don't hesitate to join the debate team.
考点11
enthusiastic的相关用法
enthusiastic
enthusiasm
enthusiastically
enthusiasts
If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind
①It upset me ______ Tom didn't finish the task on time, but Jack said there was no point getting upset _______ it, adding that the most important thing was to solve the problem.
②[写作迁移]朋友的不辞而别让她感到不安。(一句多译)
___________________ her friend had left without saying goodbye. (it作形式主语)
________________ was that her friend had left without saying goodbye. (what引导主语从句)
Her friend had left without saying goodbye, ______________. (which引导定语从句)
考点12
upset的相关用法
that
about
It upset her that
What upset her
which upset her
①With his business going on well, he at first ___________ big houses and cars; and later he took ____________ of stocks of different companies. Eventually, he found that everything he dreamed of was in his ____________.(possess)
②[北师选必一U3P72]Mathilde focuses on her lack of _____________(possess) such as gowns and jewellery instead of enjoying the life she has.
考点13
possess的相关用法
possessed
possession
possession
possessions
③[写作迁移]直到所有文件都签了字你才能拥有这所房子。(一句多译)
You can't ___________________ until all the papers have been signed. (possess)
You can't __________________________ the house until all the papers have been signed. (possession)
The house can't be ______________________ you until all the papers have been signed. (possession)
possess the house
take/be in possession of
in the possession of
一词多义
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①They watched dramatic pictures of the police raid on TV. ___
②[外研选必四U6P88]The dramatic scientific developments of recent years have brought space exploration back to public attention. ___
③She's not only a great dramatic actress but she's also very funny.___
1
dramatic /dr 'm t k/ A. adj. 激动人心的，引人注目的 B. adj. 突然的，巨大的 C. adj. 戏剧的 D. adj. 夸张做作的
A
B
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①Buying a ticket in advance can guarantee you a seat. ___
②All Dreamland's electric blankets are guaranteed for three years.___
③My computer is still under guarantee. ___
④[译林选必三U4P48]There was no guarantee that it would work, since no one had attempted anything similar before. ___
⑤Males between 18 and 20 had to leave a deposit as a guarantee of returning to do their military service. ___
2
guarantee / ɡ r n'ti / A. vt. 保证，担保；确保 B. vt. 为(产品)提供保修 C. n. 保证，担保 D. n. 保修单；保修 E. n. 保证金
A
B
D
C
E
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[北师必修二U5P37]Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants. ___
②Since that day, my distant relationship with my parents has changed a lot. ___
③[北师选必四U10P17]My family and I went on a holiday last year to visit some distant relatives I had never met before. ___
3
distant /'d st nt/ A. adj. 遥远的，远处的，久远的 B. adj. 冷淡的
C. adj. 远亲的
A
B
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[北师选必一U1P15]My friends try to drag me away from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides. ___
②They face a desperate shortage of clean water while lots of people are wasting water. ___
4
desperate /‘desp r t/ A. adj. 绝望的 B. adj. 不惜冒险的，拼命的
C. adj. 极其需要的 D. adj. 极严重的
C
D
③[外研选必三U4P60]He was frowning, too, and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind. ___
④[外研选必三U1P15]Feeling desperate, he tries to destroy the portrait with a knife, but it is he who is killed. ___
B
A
重难句式
【课本原句】Last night, I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. 昨晚，我看了《梁祝》的演出，这是一首优美的小提琴协奏曲，由何占豪和陈钢创作。
1
过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语，既可作前置定语，也可作后置定语。在语态上表被动，在时态上表示该动作已经发生或完成的状态，与它所修饰的词有逻辑上或意义上的动宾关系。
【对点微练】 用过去分词作定语翻译句子
①参与打架的两名学生被要求下课后留下来。(involve)
____________________________________________________________________
②刚才被警察审问的小偷没有说出真相。(question)
____________________________________________________________________
The two students involved in the fight were asked to stay behind after class.
The thief questioned by the police just now didn't tell the truth.
【课本原句】 Angry and sad, Liang falls sick and dies. 梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。
2
形容词作状语
①形容词(短语)除了可以作定语、表语或补语外，还可以作状语，具有副词的修饰功能。
②形容词(短语)作状语可以置于句首、句末或句中，一般用逗号将其与句子中的其他部分隔开，它在意义上相当于一个状语从句，表示原因、结果、方式、伴随等。
【写作迁移】 用形容词(短语)作状语翻译句子
①令他们非常欣慰的是，他们的儿子平安到家了。
____________________________________________________________________
②既激动又害怕，我慢慢地踏着台阶登上了舞台。
____________________________________________________________________
Much to their relief, their son arrived home, safe and sound.
Excited and scared, I slowly mounted the stairs and stepped onto the stage.
【课本原句】When the song had finished, I stood not knowing whether I liked it or not. 这首歌唱完后，我站在那里，不知道我是否喜欢它。
3
whether引导宾语从句
whether和if均可引导宾语从句，通常只能用whether的情况：
①动词后的宾语从句，表达“是否”时，二者可以互换。但介词后的宾语从句，用whether引导。
I'm concerned about whether I ignored her feelings.
我担心我是否忽视了她的感受。
②引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，表达“是否”，用whether引导。
Whether the school will start as planned has not been announced. (主语从句)
学校是否会按计划开学还没有宣布。
There's some doubt whether we should trust his words or not. (同位语从句)
我们对是否应该相信他的话还有些疑问。
③与动词不定式连用时，用whether。
I haven't decided whether to attend the party.
我还没决定是否参加聚会。
【写作迁移】翻译句子
①问题是我们是否要把这个项目继续进行下去。(表语从句)
____________________________________________________________________
②这个选择取决于条件是真还是假。(宾语从句)
____________________________________________________________________
③我在犹豫是接受还是拒绝他的邀请。(不定式)
____________________________________________________________________
The question is whether we should go on with the project or not.
The choice depends on whether the condition is true or false.
I hesitate over whether to accept or decline his invitation.(共38张PPT)
选择性必修 第一册
Unit 1 Food matters
核心词汇
①a combination of A and B A与B的结合
in combination with 与……结合；与……联合
②combine vt. & vi. (使)融合；(使)结合；兼做；合并
combine...with/and 把……与……结合起来；兼有……和……
1
combination / k mb 'ne n/ n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合
[先讲解]
【写作金句】[外研必修二U1P14]The combination of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist. 辛、咸、甜、酸的混合口味让宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。(推荐信)
play a trick/tricks on sb. 戏弄某人
every trick in the book 无所不用其极；浑身解数
the trick of (doing) sth. (做)某事的诀窍/技巧
trick sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人做某事
2
do the trick奏效，起作用，达到目的
【写作金句】[译林选必一U1P2]Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour. 有时只是闻到气味就有这种效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油的味道了。(推荐信)
①have (no) association with 与……(没)有联系
in association with 与……联合/合伙
②associate vt. 联想，联系；交往
associate...with 把……与……联系在一起
be associated with 与……有联系
associate with sb. 与某人交往
3
association / s si'e n; s i'e n/ n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
【写作金句】
①[北师选必四U12P65]The ancient Chinese are associated with many important inventions, some of which have changed the world, and many of which we still use today. 中国古代人与许多重要的发明有关，其中一些改变了世界，还有许多至今仍在使用。(中国传统文化)
②In Western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually related to bad luck, but actually there isn't any association between them. 在西方国家，人们常把数字“13”与噩运联系在一起，但实际上它们之间没有任何关联。(跨文化交流)
throw away 扔掉；浪费；失去
throw on 匆匆穿上(衣服)
throw off 匆匆脱掉；摆脱，甩掉
throw up 呕出(食物)
throw cold water on 泼冷水
4
throw oneself into投身于，热衷于
【写作金句】[译林选必一U1P6]In the last few weeks, I've thrown myself into home cooking, from boiling noodles in the pot to frying steak in the pan. 在过去的几周里，我全身心投入到家庭烹饪中，像煮面条或煎牛排等。(个人情况)
①impress sb. with... ……给某人留下深刻印象
(sb.) be impressed by/with ……给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记；使某人意识到(重要性或严重性等)；给某人留下深刻印象
What impressed me most is... 给我印象最深的是……
②impression n. 印象；感想
leave/make a (...) impression on sb. 给某人留下(……的)印象
③impressive adj. 令人赞叹的，令人敬佩的
5
impress / m'pres/ vt. & vi. 使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到
【写作金句】
①[外研选必三U1P3]It can be an expression of our personalities, helping us make a good and positive impression on others. 它可以表达我们的个性，帮助我们给他人留下良好和积极的印象。(建议信)
②So fantastic are the paintings that I am deeply impressed by the talent of the painters as well as the charm of traditional Chinese culture. 这些画作是如此漂亮，画家的才华和中国传统文化的魅力给我留下了深刻的印象。(宣传稿)
out of breath 喘不上气
out of sight 看不见
out of patience 不耐烦，失去耐心
out of control 失控
out of shape 变形的；走样的；身体不好；不健康
out of danger 脱离危险
out of date 过时
out of place 不合时宜，不恰当
6
out of this world好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫
【写作金句】[译林选必一U1P9]The mooncake is always my favourite because of its satisfying taste that is out of this world and the happy memories it brings to mind. 月饼一直是我的最爱，因为它无与伦比的美味令人心满意足，亦能让人想起美好的回忆。(中国传统文化)
①a rough/conservative estimate 粗略/保守估计
②estimate sth. at 估计……
It is estimated that从句 据估计……
③overestimate vt. 高估
④underestimate vt. 低估
7
estimate /'est me t/ vt. 估计，估价 /'est m t/ n. 估计；估计的成本
【写作金句】Windy though it was that day, we arrived at the castle which was estimated to be 700 years old. 尽管那天风很大，我们还是到达了这座估计有700年历史的城堡。(情景描写)
①be essential to/for 对……是极其重要/必不可少的
It is essential to do sth./that从句 ……是极其重要的。[that从句的谓语要用
“(should)＋do”]
②essentially adv. 本质上；根本上；基本上
③essence n. 本质；实质；精髓
in essence 从本质上讲
8
essential / 'sen l/ adj. 必不可少的；本质的，基本的
【写作金句】Meanwhile, accepting ourselves helps us realize our strengths, which is essential for setting practical goals. 同时，接受自己有助于我们认识到自己的优势，这对设定切实可行的目标是至关重要的。(主旨升华)
spoil one's appetite 影响某人的胃口
have an appetite for 对……有强烈欲望
have no appetite 没有胃口/食欲
loss of appetite 食欲不振
9
appetite /' p ta t/ n. 食欲，胃口；强烈欲望
【写作金句】 Compared with his wife who enjoys travelling abroad, Bill has little appetite for foreign travel. 与喜欢出国旅行的妻子相比，比尔对出国旅行没有什么兴趣。(人物描写)
核心词汇
①If he can combine his ability __________ hard work, he should be very successful.
②[译林选必一U2P16]This unique _____________(combine) has made me realize that music is indeed a universal language.
③Education, __________(combine) with recreation, is what some film-makers want to put into their films.
④[写作迁移]只有当一个人的兴趣和工作结合在一起时，他才能从中享受到乐趣。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[后练习]
考点1
combination的相关用法
with/and
combination
combined
Only when a person combines his interests and work can he enjoy the pleasure from it.
①One of the problems of old age is that your memory can start to play tricks ____ you.
②He tried to trick the police ______ believing that he had done good deeds.
③[写作迁移]我不知道究竟是什么起了作用，但我现在感觉确实好多了。(强调句型)
__________________________________________ but I'm definitely feeling much better now.
考点2
do the trick及其拓展短语的相关用法
on
into
I don't know what it was that did the trick
①[北师选必一U1P14]I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate ______ online.
②[外研选必三U2P30]Yet they did not seek fame, and even today, their great works ________________(associate) more with the imperial court than with them.
③We are working in _____________(associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless.
④[写作迁移]据说皮肤癌与日光曝晒之间有联系。
Skin cancer _______________________________ exposure to sun.
考点3
association的相关用法
with
are associated
association
is said to be associated with
①Since then, she has completely threw _________(she) into the voluntary work.
②She entered the room and ___________ her wet coat as soon as possible.
③He feels like ______________ what he has eaten all the time.
④[写作迁移]一到办公室，他就专心致志地为会议做准备。
____________________________________________________________________
考点4
throw oneself into及其拓展短语的相关用法
herself
threw off
throwing up
Upon reaching his office, he threw himself into preparing for the meeting.
①___________(impress) by the magnificent architecture, we couldn't wait to start our exploration.
②The new teacher left a good ____________(impress) on the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.
③[译林选必三U2P24]To make your story ____________(impress), you need to give vivid descriptions using your observation and imagination.
考点5
impress的相关用法
Impressed
impression
impressive
④[写作迁移]给我印象最深的是爱尔兰的民间舞蹈和歌曲，这是艺术节的亮点之一。
______________________________________________________, which were one of the highlights of the festival.
What impressed me most was Irish folk dances and songs
①_______________, my mother rushed back home to check the security.
②We eventually ran _________________ with his childish behaviour.
③Thank you so much for allowing me to stay at your house, and I have to say that your cooking is ___________________!
④She can't speak Spanish so she felt a bit ______________ among a group of Latin American visitors.
考点6
out of this world及其拓展短语的相关用法
Out of breath
out of patience
out of this world
out of place
①[外研选必四U5P74]Lying under waters across the globe are an ___________ (estimate) three million shipwrecks.
②The ancient tower is estimated _________(date) back to the Qing Dynasty.
③[写作迁移]据估计，到2025年为止，将有2 000多万辆共享自行车投入使用。
__________________________________________________ will have been put into operation by 2025.
考点7
estimate的相关用法
estimated
to date
It is estimated that more than 20 million shared bikes
①Sun and water are essential ________ the growth of crops.
②____ essence, a firm belief is the key to success of revolution.
③[人教选必二U1P10]Two of the ___________(essence) qualities a scientist needs to have seem to be curiosity and creativity.
④[写作迁移]众所皆知，学生得到充足的睡眠是极其重要的。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点8
essential的相关用法
to/for
In
essential
As we all know, it is essential that students should get enough sleep.
①[写作迁移]生活在偏远山区的孩子们对知识和外界有着强烈的欲望。
Kids living in remote mountains _________________________________________ .
②[写作迁移]她瘦得皮包骨，因为两年来她一直受食欲不振的折磨。
She is skinny _________________________________________________________.
考点9
appetite的相关用法
have an appetite for knowledge and outside world
because she has been suffering from loss of appetite for two years
一词多义
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[北师必修一U3P69]From this day, the festival atmosphere builds with increasing excitement. ___
②Countries all over the world should pay attention to pollution of the atmosphere. ___
1
atmosphere /' tm sf (r)/ A. n. 气氛，氛围 B. n. 大气；气体；空气
A
B
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[外研选必一U6P92]What's more, they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in. ___
②The delicate surgical operation took five hours. ___
③The eye is one of the most delicate organs of the body. ___
2
delicate /'del k t/ A. adj. 需要技巧的，需要小心处理的 B. adj. 微妙的
C．adj. 易损的，脆弱的，易碎的
B
A
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[译林选必一U1P9]There is also a bitter taste of coffee but this flavour is not very strong. ___
②[北师选必四U11P30]He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”. ___
③Outside, a bitter east wind was accompanied by flurries of snow. ___
④The two sides are locked into a bitter dispute. ___
3
bitter /'b t (r)/ A. adj. 味苦的 B. adj. 激烈的 C. adj. 令人难过的，痛苦的 D. adj. 严寒的
A
C
D
B
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[北师选必四U11P37]Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot. ___
②They were heartbroken when they saw the house consumed by the big fire. ___
③This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. ___
4
consume /k n'sju m/ A. vt. 吃，喝，饮 B. vt. 消耗，耗费 C. vt. 烧毁，毁灭
A
C
B
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[北师选必二U5P31]As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded, she asked more and more questions. ___
②He asked his teacher to expand on the steps of programming. ___
5
expand /Ik'sp nd/ A. vt. & vi. 扩大，增加，增强 B. vt. & vi. 扩展，发展
(业务) C. vi. 详述，详细阐明
A
C
重难句式
【课本原句】With pleasure, I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma's flat, listening to her wonderful stories and greedily eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding. 欣欣然，我回忆起那些慵懒的周日午后，那时我常常是在外婆温暖的公寓里，一边听她讲着那些精彩的故事，一边一碗接一碗贪婪地吃着她做的美味的大米布丁。
1
现在分词短语作伴随状语
本句中listening to her wonderful stories和greedily eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding是现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语还可以作时间状
语、原因状语、让步状语、条件状语、结果状语、方式状语等。
He nodded to us with a smile, indicating that everything is fine.
It rained heavily, causing extensive flooding in that country.
Lacking self-confidence, he dared not take part in the speech competition.
【课本原句】They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold wet winters. 人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种办法。
2
sb./sth. be＋过去分词＋动词不定式
②可用于本句型的动词有say、think、believe、expect、report、consider、suppose等。
Sb./Sth. is said/thought/believed/reported/considered/supposed/...to do sth.＝It is said/thought/believed/reported/considered/supposed/...that从句 据说……/人们认为……/人们相信……/据报道……/人们认为……/据推测……
【写作迁移】 同义句转换
①It is believed that Tom has made great contributions to his class.
＝Tom is believed ______________ great contributions to his class.
②Our city is reported to hold a Chinese paper-cutting show this Sunday.
＝It is reported _________________________ a Chinese paper-cutting show this Sunday.
③It is said that carbon dioxide is warming the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
＝Carbon dioxide _____________________ the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
to have made
that our city will hold
is said to be warming(共44张PPT)
选择性必修 第一册
Unit 4 Exploring poetry
核心词汇
①be frozen with/in sth. 吓呆；惊呆
②freeze vi. & vt. (使)冻结，结冰；惊呆
freeze to death 冻死
freeze one's blood＝make one's blood freeze 使人恐怖万分；令人毛骨悚然
③freezing adj. 冰冻的；极冷的
freezing point 冰点
freezing cold 极冷
1
frozen /'fr zn/ adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
[先讲解]
【写作金句】[译林选必三U3P39]Russell felt his blood freeze, but he quickly came to himself and rushed up to the deck. 拉塞尔觉得自己的血液凝固了，但他很快清醒过来，冲向甲板。(细节描写)
①self-contradictory adj. 自相矛盾的
②contradict vt. 相抵触；相矛盾；反驳；驳斥
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
③contradiction n. (说法、观点等)矛盾，不一致
in contradiction to 与……相矛盾/对立
a contradiction between A and B A与B相互矛盾
2
contradictory / k ntr 'd kt ri/ adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的
【写作金句】[译林选必二U1P3]However, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. 然而，我们通常会发现，关于同一事件的报道包含不同甚至相互矛盾的信息。(投稿)
①interpret sth. as 把……理解为……
interpret for sb. 为某人做翻译
②interpretation n. 解释，说明；演绎
③interpreter n. 口译译员
3
interpret / n't pr t/ vt. 解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi. 口译
【写作金句】I didn't know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal. 我不知该把她的沉默看作是接受还是拒绝。(求助信)
①reward sb. with 用……回报某人
reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事奖赏某人
②a reward for (doing) sth. 对(做)某事的奖励
③rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；报酬高的
④award vt. 授予，奖励 n. 奖，奖金，奖品
award sb. sth. 授予/奖励某人某物
give sb. an award 给某人颁奖
win/receive/get an award for sth. 因某事赢得/得到/获得奖项
4
reward /r 'w d/ vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金
【写作金句】[人教选必四U3P34]A $5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder. 警方已宣布悬赏500万美元，以获取逮捕谋杀案嫌疑人的信息。(报道)
①advocate doing sth. 提倡做某事
advocate that sb. (should) do sth. 主张/提倡……
It is advocated that从句 主张/提倡……
②an advocate for/of ……的支持者/拥护者
5
advocate /' dv ke t/ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 /' dv k t/ n. 拥护者，支持者，提倡者；辩护律师
【写作金句】We advocated that everyone in our school (should) donate some money to the homeless people. 我们提倡学校里的每个人都给无家可归的人捐一些钱。(倡议书)
①There is a general belief that 从句 大家普遍认为……
hold the belief that从句 认为……
beyond belief 令人难以置信
②believe vi. & vt. 相信
believe in 相信
③believable adj. 可相信的；可信任的
④unbelievable adj. 难以置信的
6
belief /b 'li f/ n. 看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心
【写作金句】Everything is a bit depressing at the moment, but I hold the belief that good times are just around the corner. 目前一切都有点令人沮丧，但我相信美好的时光就在眼前。(主旨升华)
①be tolerant of/towards 对……宽容的；能忍受……
②tolerate (＝put up with) vt. 忍受，容忍，包容
③tolerance n. 忍受，容忍，宽容
have tolerance for 对……宽容/容忍
7
tolerant /'t l r nt/ adj. 宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的
【写作金句】Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinions. 朋友之间应该学会忍受对方恼人的小毛病，并允许意见出现分歧。(主旨升华)
①distinguish...from 把……与……区分开
distinguish between...and 区分……和……
distinguish oneself as 使出众；使著名
②distinguished adj. 著名的，卓越的；有尊严的
be distinguished for 因……而闻名
be distinguished as 作为……而闻名
8
distinguish /d 'st ɡw / vt. & vi. 成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨
别；认出；使出众
【写作金句】Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong. 阅读好书既能丰富我们的思想又能教我们明辨是非。(主旨升华)
【联想发散】表示“把……与……区分开”的短语还有tell...from、make a distinction between...and等。
①be cast down 沮丧
cast light on 使……较容易理解
cast sb. as... 选派某人演……角色/把某人描写成
②an all-star cast 明星云集的演员阵容
the supporting cast 配角演员
a cast list 演员表
9
cast /kɑ st/ vt. (cast, cast) 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n. 全体演员；投，抛
【写作金句】
①The sun casts its golden rays over the calm sea and many citizens come to appreciate the scenery. 太阳在平静的海面上洒下金色的光芒，许多市民前来欣赏风景。(景色描写)
②What makes the film so special are the moving story and the absolutely wonderful cast. 使这部电影如此特别的是它感人的故事和绝对优秀的演员阵容。(影评)
①owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb. 欠某人……；归功于某人
owe sb. a favour 欠某人人情
②owing to 由于，因为
10
owe / / vt. 欠(情)；欠(债)
【写作金句】He owed his achievements to other people's help, which showed his modesty. 他将他的成就归功于他人的帮助，这显示了他的谦虚。(人物描写)
①blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事责备某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) (对坏事)负有责任(用主动形式表示被动意义)
②lay/put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
get the blame 背黑锅
11
blame /ble m/ vt. 把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责
【写作金句】
①[北师选必一U3P52]Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will be to blame.
许多科学家说，我们正在进入地球的第六次大灭绝。这一次，人类活动将是罪魁祸首。(倡议书)
②So instead of blaming others, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' shoes. 因此，我们应该多交流并换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(建议信)
核心词汇
①[外研必修二U1P12]Once a week, we do a big shop and buy a lot of ________ (freeze) food.
②[人教选必二U4P38]Edmonton is __________(freeze) cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging －10℃.
③[写作迁移]看到狼朝他走近，那个男孩吓呆了。
Seeing the wolf approaching him, ________________________________.
[后练习]
考点1
frozen的相关用法
frozen
freezing
the boy was frozen with fright
①Now you say you both left at ten—that's a _______________(contradict) of your last statement.
②[人教选必二U1P2]In general, doctors in those days had two _______________ (contradict) theories to explain how cholera spread.
③[写作迁移]他的公开演讲与他的个人生活方式直接矛盾。(一句多译)
His public speeches are ____________________________ his personal lifestyle. (contradiction)
His public speeches are ___________________ his personal lifestyle. (contradictory)
考点2
contradictory的相关用法
contradiction
contradictory
in direct contradiction to
directly contradictory to
①[译林选必一U4P56]Experts provide _________________(interpret) of Du Fu's works from different perspectives.
②Given the fact that not everyone here can speak English, we'd better invite an _____________(interpret)．
考点3
interpret的相关用法
interpretations
interpreter
用reward/award的正确形式填空(①②题)
①After _______________ the first prize, he expressed that he would continue to ________ the people and the society with his hard work.
②After my trip, I returned with a souvenir as a ________ for my neighbour's favour.
③[北师选必三U7P25]Jobs change at an amazing pace these days, and if we can keep up, we can have really exciting and ___________(reward) future careers.
④[写作迁移]汤姆的好心没有得到任何回报，这使他非常伤心。
____________________________________________________________________
考点4
reward的相关用法
being awarded
reward
reward
rewarding
Tom got nothing as a reward for his kindness, which made him very sad.
①The public are eager to advocate ___________(reform) the education system.
②The report advocated that all buildings ______________________(equip) with smoke alarms.
③[译林选必二U4P54]The entertainment industry is one of the most enthusiastic ___________ (advocate) of VR.
④[写作迁移]对小孩的良好表现加以及时奖励，这是应受倡导的。
__________________ children's good behaviour ____________________________
____________.
考点5
advocate的相关用法
reforming
(should) be equipped
advocates
It is advocated that
should be rewarded instantly/
immediately
①It is my firm ________(believe) that only with our joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.
②[译林必修三U1P5]As a result, most of the forest's nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, thus allowing them to grow at an ______________(believe) speed.
③[写作迁移·译林必修二U2P26改]太极拳深深植根于中国的阴阳哲学，中国哲学认为阴和阳是既对立又统一的。
Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang, _____________ ______________________________________.
考点6
belief的相关用法
belief
unbelievable
which are
believed to form the unity of opposites
①The school cannot tolerate __________(cheat) in exams, which is a regulation.
②[译林选必一U4P54]This open and __________(tolerate) atmosphere allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained personality.
③When neighbours want to get along well with each other, they have to show their ___________(tolerate)．
④[写作迁移]我不能容忍你用这种粗鲁的方式和你妈妈说话。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点7
tolerant的相关用法
cheating
tolerant
tolerance
I can't tolerate you speaking to your mother in such a rude manner.
①_______________(distinguish) for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.
②As far as we know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself ____ a great volleyball coach in the world.
③[写作迁移·外研选必二U6P84]由于无法区分蓝天和玻璃，鸟类以每小时约50公里的速度撞向窗户。
_____________________________________________, birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometres per hour.
考点8
distinguish的相关用法
Distinguished
as
Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass
①[写作迁移]研究结论让人们对宇宙的起源有了新认识。
The research findings ________________________________________.
②[写作迁移]他选定她在他最近的一部影片里扮演一名雄心勃勃的律师。
___________________________________ in his latest movie.
考点9
cast的相关用法
cast new light on the origin of our universe
He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer
①I owe a debt of gratitude ____ all my family, who support me all the time.
②_______(owe) to the stranger's assistance, we finally succeeded in starting the engine on the way.
③[写作迁移]当被问及他的成功时，他将其归功于好运，而非智力。
When asked about his success, ____________________________________________ .
考点10
owe的相关用法
to
Owing
he owed it to good luck rather than to intelligence
①It is your wife as well as you that is __________(blame) for the spoiled child.
②The captain blamed himself _____ the team's poor performance.
③[写作迁移]Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the network.
→_________________________________________, Alice was in low spirits. (分词作状语)
考点11
blame的相关用法
to blame
for
Blamed for the breakdown of the network
一词多义
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①Professors took into consideration the economic dimension of the issue. ___
②We need to know the exact dimensions of the room. ___
③[译林选必三U3P29]People believe there are three dimensions of Space—Length, Breadth and Thickness; however, there is a fourth dimension—Time. ___
④The city encountered a catastrophe of enormous dimensions. ___
1
dimension /da 'men n/ A. n. 方面，侧面 B. n. 规模，程度 C. n. 维 D. n. 尺寸
A
D
C
B
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[人教选必四U4P38]Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village, home to one of our students, Tombe. ___
②[人教选必一U2P14]Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. ___
③She looked so beautiful, and at the same time so remote. ___
④It is my remote cousin who helps me get over my shyness. ___
2
remote /r 'm t/ A. adj. 偏远的，偏僻的 B．adj. 遥远的，久远的
C．adj. 远亲的 D. adj. 不很友好的，冷漠的 E. adj. 远程的
A
E
D
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[译林选必四U4P44]The ability to admit this should not be perceived as a weakness, but as a strength. ___
②[北师选必四U12P53]This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin, which Fleming perceived could be used to kill bacteria. ___
3
perceive /p 'si v/ A. vt. 注意到 B. vt. 意识到 C. vt. 将……理解为，将……视为
C
B
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①The singer is regarded as a representative of the youth of her generation. ___
②Peking Opera is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. ___
③[外研选必三U3P44改] In 2017, representatives from Peking University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding. ___
4
representative / repr 'zent t v/ A. adj. 典型的，有代表性的 B. n. 典型人物，代表性人物 C. n. 代表
B
A
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①As is required, a baggage allowance of 20 kilos is a must. ___
②My allowance was sufficient to afford my mum's birthday gift.___
5
allowance / 'la ns/ A. n. 津贴，补助 B. n. 限额 C. n. 零花钱
B
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①It is important that people grasp what is going on around them.___
②She is ready to grasp any opportunity to expand the business. ___
③These complex formulas are beyond the grasp of the average pupils.___
6
grasp /ɡrɑ sp/ A. vt. 抓紧，抓牢 B. vt. 领会，理解 C. n. 理解，领会
B
A
C
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
①[人教选必一U2P20]Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon. ___
②[人教必修三U3P29]Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.___
③[人教选必一U5P54]When people present important facts, they usually give some evidence to support their claims. ___
④Last time we made a claim on our insurance, they paid up really quickly. ___
⑤They had no claim on the land. ___
7
claim /kle m/ A. n. 声明，宣称 B. n. 所有权 C. n. 索赔 D. vt. 宣称，声称 E. vt. 要求；索取 F. vt. 获得 G. vt. 夺去
D
G
A
C
B
重难句式
【课本原句】As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort. 只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。
as long as引导条件状语从句
①as/so long as 意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
②引导条件状语从句的常用短语还有in case (that)(万一……)、on condition that(如果，在……条件下)、provided that(假如……)等。
【写作迁移】 用条件状语从句翻译句子
①事实证明，只要我们意志坚定，没有什么能打败我们。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
②只要你不违法，你现在可以做任何你想做的事。
____________________________________________________________________
It turns out that as long as we have a determined heart/a strong will, nothing can defeat us.
You can do whatever you want to do now as long as you don't break the law.
