英语 必修 第二册 WY
Section Ⅱ Using language
一、阅读单词
1．chart v. 记录，跟踪(变化或进展)
2．display n. 显示器
3．skip v. 跳绳
4．plank n. 平板支撑
5．bar n. 横木
6．upper adj. (位置)较上的，较高的，上面的
7．bone n. 骨头，骨
二、核心单词
1．adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的
2．available adj. 可用的，可获得的
3．balance n. 平衡
4．involve v. 包含，需要
三、拓展单词(可查字典)
1．ideal adj. 理想的，最好的→idealistic adj. 理想主义的；空想的→ideally adv. 理想地；观念上地
2．setting n. (机器、仪器等调控装置的)设定位置，调节点→set v. 设置；使开始；安装；确定
3．response n. 回答，答复→respond vi. 回答；应答；作出反应
四、熟词生义
1．monitor 熟义：n. 班长
生义：v. 监视，监测 n. 监听器；监视器；监测器
2．master 熟义：n. 大师，能手
生义：vt. 精通；掌握
写出下列黑体部分的语法作用
1．His ambition to become the world swimming champion was understandable.定语
2．Do you have anything to be taken there？定语
3．She turned up the driveway, only to find her way blocked.结果状语
4．Can you find a proper person to finish this job in time？定语
5．In the end he made up his mind to go by train.定语
6．The Arab woke up to find that his camel had put his head inside the tent.结果状语
7．I'm old enough to make my own decision.结果状语
8．Do you have anything to do tonight？定语
9．He is too busy to visit you.结果状语
10．The poor often have no room to live in.定语
——Language Points——
探究一 高频词
1．adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的(教材P39)
→adjust v. 调整；调节；适应 →adjustment n. 调整；调节 (1)adjust to (doing) sth 适应(做)某事 adjust oneself to ... 使某人自己适应…… adjust ... to ... 调整……以适应…… (2)make adjustments to ... 对……进行调整
【语境感知】
①She found it hard to adjust to working at night.
她发现很难适应夜班。
②As a teacher, you have to adjust your teaching methods to the needs of your students.
作为一名教师，你必须调整你的教学方法以适应学生的需求。
③The designer made adjustments to the logo based on customer feedback.
设计师根据客户反馈对标志进行了调整。
【靶向小练】
①When I entered university, it took me some time to adjust to living (live) far away from home.
②Most middle schools prefer to buy adjustable (adjust) desks, so they can change to suit students' growing height.
③My family were moving to the countryside and I had to make some adjustments (adjust) and learn to lead a different life there.
④宇航员必须使自己适应失重状态。
Astronauts__have__to__adjust__themselves__to the weightless conditions.
2．available adj. 可用的，可获得的；有空的(教材P39)
be available for ... 可用于…… be available (for sb) to do sth (对某人来说)可以做某事 be available to/for sb 对某人来说是可利用的/可获得的
【语境感知】
①The food you have available makes a huge difference.
你所能获得的食物会产生巨大的影响。
②We should follow the principle that free education should be available for all children.
我们应该遵循对所有儿童实行免费教育的原则。
③The art should be available to more people at prices they can afford.
艺术品应该以人们能够承受的价格面向更多的人出售。
【靶向小练】
①It's said that our new library won't be available to/for us until next year.
②That room is occupied so it's not available for the conference.
③Lockers are available to__store (store) any belongings during your visit.
④我不知道她今天下午是否有空。
I have no idea whether__she__will__be__available this afternoon.
3．balance n. [U, sing.]平衡；[C]天平 v. 权衡，使平衡(教材P40)
→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 (1)keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡 out of balance 失去平衡 keep a balance between A and B在A和B之间保持平衡 (2)balance A against B 权衡A和B (3)a balanced diet均衡饮食
【语境感知】
①When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall.
＝When he was running after his brother, the boy was out of balance and had a bad fall.
男孩追他哥哥时失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。(动作描写)
②I think it's important to keep a balance between study and social life, so I'm going to join a few clubs.
我认为保持学习和社交的平衡很重要，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部。(学校生活)
③It is pretty important for teenagers to have a balanced diet.
对青少年来说，饮食均衡是非常重要的。(健康生活)
【靶向小练】
①The cost of traveling needs to be balanced against our income.
②To live a long and healthy life, we must have a balanced (balance) diet.
③如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活，你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。(建议信)
If you want to have a happy school life，you'd better keep__a__balance__between__study__and__relaxation．
④为了你的健康，你最好保持均衡的饮食。(建议信)
You'd__better__keep__a__balanced__diet for the benefit of your health.
4．involve v. 包含，需要；涉及；牵涉，把……卷入(教材P40)
→involved adj. 复杂的；与……有关的 (1)involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与(做)某事；使某人牵扯到(做)某事中 involve doing sth 包括做某事；需要做某事 (2)be/get involved in 被卷入；热衷于；专心于 be/get involved with ... 涉及……；与……有关
【语境感知】
①We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.
我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。(通知)
②He found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students.
他找到了一份中学老师的工作，这份工作需要和学生长时间待在一起。
③All the teachers and students got actively involved in the cross－country running race.
＝All the teachers and students involved themselves actively in the cross country running race.
所有师生都积极参加了这次越野赛跑。(学校生活)
involved作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。
【靶向小练】
①We are proud that some students in our school are involved in making the amazing video.
②It is said that he was involved with/in a series of criminal activities.
③我在全神贯注地看书，所以没有听到你敲门。
I__was__involved__in__my__book/involved__myself__in__my__book so I didn't hear your knock.
＝Involved__in__my__book/Involving__myself__in__my__book,__I didn't hear your knock.(分词作状语)
探究二 拓展词
5．response n. 回答，答复→respond vi. 回答；应答；作出反应
【语境感知】
The manager quickly responded to the client's complaint, and his professional response resolved the issue.
经理迅速回应了客户的投诉，他专业的答复解决了问题。
【靶向小练】
①I knocked on the door but there was no response (respond)．
②收到一条信息并不意味着你需要回应它。
Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to respond__to__it．
＝Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to make__a__response__to__it．
探究三 熟词生义
6．monitor [熟义]n. 班长 [生义]v. 监视，监测 n. 监听器；监视器；监测器
【语境感知】
①The work in the charge of our monitor has been finished.
我们班长负责的工作已经完成了。
②The tower is used for fire prevention and pest monitoring.
该塔用于防火和害虫监测。
③We'd like to recommend our new home health monitor.
我们想推荐我们新的家庭健康监测器。
【靶向小练】
①Each student's progress is closely tracked.汉意：监测 同义词：monitored
②手术后，她的病情有所好转，医生日夜监测她的病情进展。
She got better after the operation and doctors__monitored__her__progress__every__day__and__night.
7．master [熟义]n. 大师，能手 [生义]vt. 精通；掌握
【语境感知】
①He was constantly in dialogue with masters of the past, looking for new breakthroughs.
他经常与过去的大师们对话，寻找新的突破。
②Students are expected to master a second language.
学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。
【靶向小练】
①With the world becoming a global village, I find it necessary to grasp English.汉意：掌握 同义词：master
②他们必须是各自运动项目中的高手，并且也能为别人树立好榜样。
They must be athletes who__are__masters__in__their__sports and also set good examples for others.
探究四 长难句分析
8．Whether you're a professional athlete or keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you.(教材P39) 无论你是职业运动员还是热衷运动的人，DX运动手表都是你理想的选择。
【分析】 句中“Whether ... or ... ”引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……还是……”。
(1)whether ... or ... 还可以引导名词性从句，意为“是……还是……” (2)whether还可以用于“whether ... or not/whether or not ... ”结构，意为“是否……；不管……与否”
【语境感知】
①There's no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn't come across clearly.
如果信息不能清楚地传达出去，那么进行任何形式的交流，无论是书面的、口头的、正式的还是非正式的，都是没有价值的。
②It's true whether you believe it or not.
无论你相信与否，那都是真的。
【靶向小练】
①It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
②It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.
③我不在乎他是否会来。(名词性从句)
I don't care whether__he__will__come__or__not．
④不管我们成功与否，我们可以肯定我们尽力了。(让步状语从句)
Whether__or__not__we're__successful，we can be sure that we did our best.
——Grammar——
探究五 动词不定式作定语和结果状语
动词不定式作定语和结果状语：作定语时，一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词；作结
果状语时常与 only 连用，表示出乎意料的结果。
语法点1 动词不定式作定语
(1)只能位于所修饰词的后面，可扩展为一个定语从句
①A good friend gives us strength, love, laughter and the courage to keep trying.
＝A good friend gives us strength, love, laughter and the courage that makes us keep trying.
好朋友给我们力量、爱、欢笑和继续努力的勇气。
②I need a pen to write with.
＝I need a pen that I can write with.
我需要一支写字的钢笔。
如果不定式的动词与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，并且该动词是不及物动词，则需要加上适当的介词使动宾关系成立。 When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place to live in. 当你搬到一个新的地方时，首先要找一个住处。
(2)用法
表示将来还未发生的动作。
①All the teachers to attend the opening ceremony tomorrow should wear the uniforms.
所有明天要出席开幕式的老师都应该穿制服。
②The Winter Olympics to be held will surely bring in many international tourists.
将要举行的冬奥会肯定会吸引许多国际游客。
序数词、形容词最高级或the last, the only, the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。
①He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.
他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
②It is recognized that he is the best man to do the job.
他被公认是做这个工作的最佳人选。
③You are the only person to be late for such an important meeting.
在这么重要的会议上，你是唯一迟到的人。
④The next train to arrive was from New York.
下一趟抵达的火车是从纽约开来的。
抽象名词ability, chance, opportunity, belief, way, right, courage, decision, hope, wish, dream等后常用动词不定式作定语。
①The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
②The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.
这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。
③Thanks to your encouragement, I finally got the courage to face the challenge.
多亏了你的鼓励，我最终有了面对挑战的勇气。
趁热打铁1
①Volunteering gives you a chance to__change (change) lives.
②In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to__do (do)．
③By boat is the only way to__get (get) here, which is how we arrived.
④We are invited to a party to__be__held (hold) in our club next Friday.
语法点2 动词不定式作结果状语
(1)用法
动词不定式作结果状语时，最常见的结构之一是在动词不定式前面加上only，构成“only to do”结构，用以引出意想不到的或不愉快的结果，表示说话人并不希望它发生。
①You've raced to the supermarket only to realize you've left the shopping list home.
你冲到超市，却发现你把购物清单落在家里了。
②The traveler looked up suddenly to find a leopard in the tree.
那个旅行者猛然抬头一看，发现树上有一只豹子。
only to do sth与only doing sth都可作结果状语，但前者表示一个与主语愿望相反或出乎主语意料的结果，或用来暗示最初未能实现的动作；后者表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。 I hurried to the supermarket, only to find it had been closed. 我匆忙赶到超市，不料它已经关门了。 His parents died, only leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了，只留下他成了孤儿。
动词不定式作结果状语时，常用于一些特定的句型结构中：
①He was too young to have seen the bloody war.
他年龄太小，没有看见那场血腥的战争。
②She is so proud as to look down upon others.
她如此骄傲以至于看不起别人。
③He is old enough to go to school.
他到上学的年龄了。
④He left his hometown when he was ten, never to return.
他十岁的时候离开家乡，再也没有回来。
(2)特殊情况
在某些情况下，动词不定式可以直接在句中作结果状语。
①He lived to be a hundred years old.
他活到了一百岁。
②He did excellent work to be general manager of the famous company.
他工作非常出色，成了这家著名公司的总经理。
在某些表示对人进行表扬或批评的形容词后常接不定式表示结果。此类形容词有right, polite, crazy, generous, good, kind, nice等。
①He was generous to lend us a large amount of money.
他为人慷慨，借给了我们一大笔钱。
②She was very polite to show us the way.
她非常有礼貌，给我们指了路。
趁热打铁2
①这个男孩太小还不能上学。
The__boy__is__too__young__to__go__to__school.
②请你帮我一下好吗？
Would__you__be__so__kind__as__to__do__me__a__favor
③这个男孩已经长大了，可以照顾自己了。
The__boy__is__old__enough__to__take__care__of__himself.
④我急急忙忙赶到他家，结果却发现他不在家。
I__hurried__to__his__house,__only__to__find__him__out.
——Vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
dis 分开，分离；不，无 display,__disappear, disagree, dislike, distract
con 共同；表示强调 content,__conflict, confess, congress, conduct
th 表示状态；程度 death,__length, strength, width, health
able ……的 adjustable,__available, remarkable, reliable, sustainable
二、体育运动常用词块
1．arrive at the stadium 到达体育场
2．sport__bag 运动包
3．offer all round fitness提供全方位的健身
4．improve in leaps and bounds突飞猛进的进步
5．enter into the competition 参加比赛
6．excel at/in sports 擅长运动
7．training progress 训练进度
8．an important factor in keeping__active 保持活跃的一个重要因素
9．a__good__form__of exercise 一种很好的锻炼形式
10．in__order__to__keep__fit 为了保持健康
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能——体育健康类的听力技巧
此类话题常见的设题点：
(1)what(谈话者在谈论什么体育项目，谈话者要参加什么体育项目，某人做什么活动锻炼身体)
(2)when(某人什么时候锻炼，比赛什么时候开始/结束，比赛持续多长时间)
(3)where(比赛在哪儿举行)
Q：Who won the race
A．Michael Robinson.
B．Kyle Nash.
C．Chris Scott.
录音：
M：Who won the 1，000 meter race Michael Robinson or Chris Scott
W：Neither of them. Although we thought one of them would win the race, they didn't perform well that day. And you will never believe that Kyle Nash was the first one.
提问关于谁在跑步比赛中获胜，根据关键信息“Michael Robinson or Chris Scott？”，“Neither of them.”及“Kyle Nash was the first one”可知，答案应为B。
二、话题口语表达(开放型)
用以下两个问题，和你的小伙伴互相提问，谈谈相关的体育运动。
1．What is the most popular sport in your country
2．Do you know how to practise kung fu
Ⅰ.写出单词
1．There are plenty of jobs available (可用的) in the western part of the country.
2．She couldn't keep herself in balance (平衡) and fell down from the wall.
3．This great book is ideal (理想的) for both the travelling supporter and the armchair fan.
4．The problem of the environmental protection involves (包含) us all.
5．In a real competition, a tai chi master (大师) borrows the strength of the competitor and uses the energy to fight back.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to__catch (catch)．
2．The coffee is too hot to__drink (drink) right now.
3．I have a pair of running shoes to__wear (wear) for the marathon.
4．She's old enough to__decide (decide) for herself.
5．Store managers are often the last to__hear (hear) complaints.
Ⅲ.语段填词
1．The teacher asked a difficult question, and it took a while for the students to respond. Their delayed response showed that the question was really challenging for them. (respond)
2．She has an ideal job that allows her to travel and meet new people. Ideally,__she hopes to visit a different country every month with this job. (ideal)
3．She tries to balance the amount of exercise and rest she gets every day.With a balanced routine of exercise and rest, she stays in good health. (balance)
4．I set the alarm clock for 7 am so that I can get up early. The setting of the alarm time ensures I won't be late for school. (set)
5．This chair is adjustable,__which is very convenient for people of different heights. You can adjust the height of the chair by turning this knob. (adjust)
Ⅳ.翻译
1．He searched the room, only__to__find__nothing (什么也没找到)．
2．He often reads newspaper to keep__track__of__current__events (了解当前事件的情况)．
3．He has since spoken to tens__of__thousands__of__students (数以万计的学生) around the world.
4．请给我拿把椅子坐好吗？(动词不定式作定语)
Will__you__please__bring__me__a__chair__to__sit__on
5．无论是步行去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩，我们俩几乎形影不离。(whether ... or ...)
Whether__we're__walking__to__school,__doing__homework__or__just__hanging__out__at__the__weekend,__we're__hardly__out__of__each__other's__sight.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) __1__ part in a lot of __2__ such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is __4__ to be an excellent athlete and __5__ all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the __6__ is his favorite. To build up __7__， he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed and __9__. Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a(n) __10__ diet.
Once he signed up for a marathon __11__ in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in __12__. However, though under stress, he didn't __13__ but ran as hard as he could to __14__ for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the __15__ of the citizens.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Richard (理查德)虽然在一次马拉松比赛中受伤，但仍坚持完成比赛，不仅赢得了冠军，也赢得了人们对他的钦佩。
1．A.active B．confident
C．anxious D．joyful
答案：A
解析：根据前文“He is interested in doing sports”可知，Richard对运动感兴趣，因此会积极参与到各种运动中。take an active part in ...意为“积极参加……”。故选A。
2．A.shows B．topics
C．events D．lectures
答案：C
解析：根据后文“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知，他积极参加各种运动项目。故选C。
3．A.sweating B．cheating
C．pretending D．packing
答案：B
解析：根据后文“tries to avoid errors in matches”可知，他反对在比赛中作弊并尽力避免错误。故选B。
4．A.thought B．impressed
C．recommended D．allowed
答案：C
解析：根据前文“He is always ... errors in matches.”可推知，凭借他的优秀表现和体育精神，他被推荐为优秀运动员。故选C。
5．A.act B．master
C．edit D．volunteer
答案：B
解析：根据前文“He is interested ... skiing and badminton.”可知，他积极参加各种运动项目，由此可推知，他精通多种运动。故选B。
6．A.company B．classroom
C．office D．gym
答案：D
解析：根据前文“Doing gymnastics”并结合常识可知，做训练应该是在健身房。故选D。
7．A.determination B．stress
C．strength D．friendship
答案：C
解析：根据后文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，慢跑是为了锻炼身体，增强自己的体力。故选C。
8．A.playing B．walking
C．jogging D．hiking
答案：C
解析：根据前文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，他每天会慢跑，因此，该句是在讲述慢跑的好处。故选C。
9．A.strong B．weak
C．unique D．attractive
答案：A
解析：根据前文“In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed”并结合常识可知，慢跑让他放松，同时慢跑也会使人身体强壮。故选A。
10．A.traditional B．economical
C．advanced D．balanced
答案：D
解析：根据前文“in order to have a slim shape”可知，保持体型需要饮食均衡。故选D。
11．A.solved B．attended
C．moved D．hosted
答案：D
解析：根据前文“signed up for a marathon”可知，此处指他报名参加了在他的城市举办的马拉松比赛。故选D。
12．A.detail B．success
C．failure D．experience
答案：C
解析：根据前文“During the competition ... was injured.”可知，他在比赛中受伤了，因此，大家认为他会失败。故选C。
13．A.give up B．clean up
C．make up D．sign up
答案：A
解析：根据后文“not only did ... honor for his team”可知，他成了这次比赛的冠军并赢得了奖牌，由此可推知，他没有因受伤而放弃比赛。故选A。
14．A.apply B．arrange
C．explore D．compete
答案：D
解析：根据后文“not only did ... honor for his team”可推知，虽然受伤了，但是他为了团队的荣誉继续努力比赛。故选D。
15．A.goal B．admiration
C．comment D．wisdom
答案：B
解析：根据前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.”可知，他的精神使他独一无二，也赢得了人们的钦佩。故选B。
Ⅱ 语法填空
Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America, __1__ includes three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land __2__ (run) along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. In the high plain area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses __3__ vast areas of jungle.
Peru __4__ (rule) by Spain from the 16th century to 1821. So Spanish is __5__ (official) spoken in Peru. The ancient Inca capital, Cusco, is __6__ popular destination for the tourists as it is close to the famous Inca ruins of the city of Machu Picchu.
There are two especially interesting things for us __7__ (admire) about the Inca civilization. The first is the roads and paths they built to connect __8__ (they) important cities. Second, the Inca built wonderful cities, __9__ there were no markets in these cities. One of the interesting __10__ (question) of history is how the Inca lived without shopping.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家——秘鲁。
1．答案：which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a country，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。
2．答案：running
解析：考查非谓语动词。名词land和动词run之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填running。
3．答案：to
解析：考查介词。句意：秘鲁有丰富的植物，从沙漠草到大面积的丛林。from ... to ...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。
4．答案：was ruled
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语from the 16th century to 1821可知，应用一般过去时；主语Peru和动词rule之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且Peru是第三人称单数，助动词be应用was。故填was ruled。
5．答案：officially
解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词spoken，应用副词。故填officially。
6．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。destination为可数名词，此处泛指“一个受欢迎的目的地”，应用不定冠词，且popular的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7．答案：to admire
解析：考查非谓语动词。for sb to do sth是固定的不定式复合结构。设空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰interesting things，应用动词不定式。故填to admire。
8．答案：their
解析：考查代词。设空处修饰名词cities，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
9．答案：but/yet
解析：考查连词。句意：第二，印加人建造了奇妙的城市，但这些城市里没有市场。根据句意可知，设空前后句为转折关系，应用but或yet连接。故填but/yet。
10．答案：questions
解析：考查名词。句意：历史上一个有趣的问题是印加人如何在不购物的情况下生活。one of＋the＋形容词(最高级)＋可数名词复数是固定结构，意为“(最)……的……之一”。故填questions。
Ⅲ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Growing up in Colorado, I preferred being outdoors. During my spare time, I enjoyed swimming, climbing mountains and water skiing. Although skiing was a sport I had never learned, I wanted to have a try. So when I recently got an invitation to a skiing trip in Deer Valley, I jumped at the chance. I didn't think it would be that hard to learn. After all, I was fairly fit, and I used to waterski—that had to count for something, right
It turned out that there was not so much help. I told the coach I was at “beginner level”， and I was grouped with some women who had skied only a couple of times before. At first, I learned how to put on my ski suit and control my speed and direction. With the help of the coach, I started to practice.
Once we mastered the basic skills, my coach led us to the Green Run—the easy slope (斜坡) for ski beginners. When I reached the top, I started down an easy green run with others in our group. “OK, this isn't so bad! I'm doing it！” I thought at the start of the run. Then came a harder slope. I wanted to quit. However, my pride didn't let me stop.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I began to ski down the hill. But the accident would never stop me.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜爱户外活动，想尝试一下从未学过的滑雪运动。在教练的指导下掌握了滑雪的基本技巧后，作者随教练去了初级雪道，刚开始作者觉得很容易，在到达一个更难的坡道后，他会发生什么意外事故呢？事故发生后作者会怎样做呢？
[精彩范文]
I began to ski down the hill. Firstly, I moved inch by inch, and gradually I picked up speed until I took off—I was enjoying the flying feeling when I accidentally hit a tree and ended with a nose diving into the snow. “Ouch！” I cried out in pain, feeling my legs hurt. The coach and the teammates immediately ran towards me. They checked me up and moved me out of the runs.
But the accident would never stop me. After a while, I stood up. I gathered the strength to continue. Amazingly, I found joy and pride in the process of falling and getting back up on the skis over and over again. Skiing has become my favorite. I've come to realize that the essence of skiing lies in the discovery of a better self. Fear doesn't shape my future, but bravery does.
精深阅读
Starting a daily running routine needs determination. Looking back on my old running routine, it wasn't so much the passion that affected my sticking to a regular schedule—but it was the environment. There had to be no rain pouring down, there had to be not many people on the basketball court and the ambient (周围的) temperature had to be just right. Or maybe I was just making an excuse for myself not to get up at 5 in the morning
I was quite successful at doing so when I was 15 and when it was summer. When I was overweight, I ate more snacks than the actual full meals in a day, and I hardly got off the sofa. One summer day, I decided that it was time to put a stop to the idea that I was just the fat kid. I didn't want to be put in that box anymore. There was a tipping point (临界点) where inspiration happened, and discipline just took over from there. I needed to make sure that I ran 10 laps of the park a day—this was the contract I made with myself that summer. And if I achieved that, I knew I'd be closer to my goal of being just a kid with normal weight.
Ten laps, six days a week—sometimes no breakfast, hardly a bite at dinner, one snack a day—this lasted two months. I'd lost over 30 pounds that summer, which was roughly a quarter of my body weight. Some days, I didn't have the motivation. But the contract I made with myself kept reminding me—if I broke it, would I even bother making future self contracts anymore There were sleepy days, and there were days when I should have rested my trembling knees, but discipline won over them all.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的跑步习惯和减肥过程，强调了自律在实现目标中的重要性。
1．What do we know about the author's past running routine
A．It was made by the author's parents.
B．It mainly depended on the environment.
C．It referred to many people at site.
D．It failed in the end.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Looking back on ... was the environment.(回顾我以前的跑步习惯，影响我坚持按时跑步的不是激情，而是环境。)”可知，作者过去的跑步习惯主要取决于环境。故选B。
2．What can we infer from the fact that the author was overweight
A．The author didn't live a healthy lifestyle.
B．Summer is a season for people to be fat.
C．Good eating habits could make one put on weight.
D．Getting up late made him a fat kid.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When I was overweight ... got off the sofa.(我超重的时候，我一天吃的零食比正餐还多，而且我几乎没有离开过沙发。)”可推知，作者超重的原因是他没有健康的生活方式。故选A。
3．Why did the author keep the contract that made with himself
A．He felt looked down upon when he was fat.
B．He couldn't find a right word to describe his size.
C．He made up his mind to achieve his goal of losing weight.
D．He was too fat to find the right size of clothes or shoes.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I needed to ... with normal weight.(我需要确保每天在公园跑10圈——这是那年夏天我和自己签订的契约。如果我能实现这个目标，我知道我离成为一个体重正常的孩子的目标更近了。)”可推知，作者坚持这个契约是因为他下定决心要实现减肥的目标。故选C。
4．What can be the best title for the passage
A．My Running Routine Was Affected by the Environment
B．It Was Unpleasant to Be Overweight
C．I Made a Contract on Running
D．Discipline Helps Achieve My Goal
答案：D
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过自律坚持跑步减肥的故事，强调了自律在实现目标中的重要性。因此D项(自律帮助实现我的目标)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．passion n. 热情
2．schedule n. 日程安排；工作计划
3．contract n. 契约；合同
4．motivation n. 动力
5．bother v. 花费时间精力；打扰
(二)高频短语
6．look__back__on 回顾
7．stick__to 坚持
8．pour down 倾盆而下，倾泻
9．make__an__excuse 找借口
10．take over 接替；接管
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．I don't know if Shally's coming. I didn't bother asking/to__ask (ask)．
12．The train was late; it should have__arrived (arrive) half an hour ago.
13．The volcano erupted and the lava poured down the mountain, burying several villages.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．We decided to have a break and enjoy the beautiful scenery. 休息
15．You're courting disaster if you go on driving so fast. 招致
16．The little boy tried to stick the two pieces of paper together. 粘贴
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
bother, achieve, hardly
17．We barely had time to catch the train. hardly
18．I don't want to trouble her with my problems at the moment.bother
19．There are many who will work hard to reach these goals.achieve
(六)长难句分析
20．One summer day, I decided that it was time to put a stop to the idea that I was just the fat kid.
句意：一个夏日，我决定是时候停止我只是一个胖孩子的想法了。
分析：主干是I__decided__that__...；第一个that引导宾语从句，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to__put__a__stop__to__the__idea作真正的主语； 第二个that引导同位语从句，解释名词idea的内容。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．They will take__over__jobs (接管工作) such as preparing meals, washing dishes, and sweeping the floor.
22．Looking__back__on (回顾) my high school life, I think the most important thing is to arrange the busy schedule.
(八)仿写句子
23．And if I achieved that, I knew I'd be closer to my goal of being just a kid with normal weight.(条件状语从句)
仿写：你若有困难就去向老师求助。
Turn__to__the__teacher__for__help__if__you__have__difficulty.
23(共97张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 3 On the move
单元主题：人与社会——体育运动与健康生活方式
SectionⅡ Using language
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 硬核考点
3
课后课时作业
５
课堂作业 巩固内化
４
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词
1．________ v. 记录，跟踪(变化或进展)
2．________ n. 显示器
3．________ v. 跳绳
4．________ n. 平板支撑
5．______ n. 横木
6．______ adj. (位置)较上的，较高的，上面的
7．_______ n. 骨头，骨
chart
display
skip
plank
bar
upper
bone
二、核心单词
1．___________ adj. 可调整的，可调节的
2．__________ adj. 可用的，可获得的
3．__________ n. 平衡
4．__________ v. 包含，需要
adjustable
available
balance
involve
三、拓展单词(可查字典)
1．_________ adj. 理想的，最好的→____________ adj. 理想主义的；空想的→_________ adv. 理想地；观念上地
2．________ n. (机器、仪器等调控装置的)设定位置，调节点→________ v. 设置；使开始；安装；确定
3．____________ n. 回答，答复→____________ vi. 回答；应答；作出反应
ideal
idealistic
ideally
setting
set
response
respond
四、熟词生义
1．monitor 熟义：n. ____________
生义：v. 监视，监测 n. 监听器；监视器；监测器
2．master 熟义：n. ____________
生义：vt. 精通；掌握
班长
大师，能手
自主学习 课时语法
写出下列黑体部分的语法作用
1．His ambition to become the world swimming champion was understandable. _________
2．Do you have anything to be taken there？_________
3．She turned up the driveway, only to find her way blocked. ____________
4．Can you find a proper person to finish this job in time？________
5．In the end he made up his mind to go by train. _________
6．The Arab woke up to find that his camel had put his head inside the tent. ____________
定语
定语
结果状语
定语
定语
结果状语
7．I'm old enough to make my own decision._____________
8．Do you have anything to do tonight？________
9．He is too busy to visit you. ____________
10．The poor often have no room to live in. _________
结果状语
定语
结果状语
定语
合作探究 硬核考点
1．adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的(教材P39)
→adjust v. 调整；调节；适应
→adjustment n. 调整；调节
(1)adjust to (doing) sth 适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to ... 使某人自己适应……
adjust ... to ... 调整……以适应……
(2)make adjustments to ... 对……进行调整
——Language Points——
探究一 高频词
【语境感知】
①She found it hard to adjust to working at night.
她发现很难适应夜班。
②As a teacher, you have to adjust your teaching methods to the needs of your students.
作为一名教师，你必须调整你的教学方法以适应学生的需求。
③The designer made adjustments to the logo based on customer feedback.
设计师根据客户反馈对标志进行了调整。
【靶向小练】
①When I entered university, it took me some time to adjust to _________ (live) far away from home.
②Most middle schools prefer to buy ___________(adjust) desks, so they can change to suit students' growing height.
③My family were moving to the countryside and I had to make some _____________ (adjust) and learn to lead a different life there.
④宇航员必须使自己适应失重状态。
_____________________________________ the weightless conditions.
living
adjustable
adjustments
Astronauts have to adjust themselves to
2．available adj. 可用的，可获得的；有空的(教材P39)
be available for ... 可用于……
be available (for sb) to do sth (对某人来说)可以做某事
be available to/for sb 对某人来说是可利用的/可获得的
【语境感知】
①The food you have available makes a huge difference.
你所能获得的食物会产生巨大的影响。
②We should follow the principle that free education should be available for all children.
我们应该遵循对所有儿童实行免费教育的原则。
③The art should be available to more people at prices they can afford.
艺术品应该以人们能够承受的价格面向更多的人出售。
【靶向小练】
①It's said that our new library won't be available __________us until next year.
②That room is occupied so it's not available ________ the conference.
③Lockers are available __________ (store) any belongings during your visit.
④我不知道她今天下午是否有空。
I have no idea _____________________________ this afternoon.
to/for
for
to store
whether she will be available
3．balance n. [U, sing.]平衡；[C]天平
v. 权衡，使平衡(教材P40)
→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
(1)keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
out of balance 失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B在A和B之间保持平衡
(2)balance A against B 权衡A和B
(3)a balanced diet均衡饮食
【语境感知】
①When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall.
＝When he was running after his brother, the boy was out of balance and had a bad fall.
男孩追他哥哥时失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。(动作描写)
②I think it's important to keep a balance between study and social life, so I'm going to join a few clubs.
我认为保持学习和社交的平衡很重要，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部。(学校生活)
③It is pretty important for teenagers to have a balanced diet.
对青少年来说，饮食均衡是非常重要的。(健康生活)
【靶向小练】
①The cost of traveling needs to be balanced __________ our income.
②To live a long and healthy life, we must have a ____________ (balance) diet.
③如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活，你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。(建议信)
If you want to have a happy school life，you'd better _______________________ _______________________．
④为了你的健康，你最好保持均衡的饮食。(建议信)
_____________________________ for the benefit of your health.
against
balanced
keep a balance between study and relaxation
You'd better keep a balanced diet
4．involve v. 包含，需要；涉及；牵涉，把……卷入(教材P40)
→involved adj. 复杂的；与……有关的
(1)involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与(做)某事；使某人牵扯到(做)某事中
involve doing sth 包括做某事；需要做某事
(2)be/get involved in 被卷入；热衷于；专心于
be/get involved with ... 涉及……；与……有关
【语境感知】
①We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.
我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。(通知)
②He found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students.
他找到了一份中学老师的工作，这份工作需要和学生长时间待在一起。
③All the teachers and students got actively involved in the cross－country running race.
＝All the teachers and students involved themselves actively in the cross country running race.
所有师生都积极参加了这次越野赛跑。(学校生活)
involved作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。
【靶向小练】
①We are proud that some students in our school are involved ______ making the amazing video.
②It is said that he was involved ___________ a series of criminal activities.
③我在全神贯注地看书，所以没有听到你敲门。
_________________________________________________ so I didn't hear your knock.
＝_____________________________________________, I didn't hear your knock.(分词作状语)
in
with/in
I was involved in my book/involved myself in my book
Involved in my book/Involving myself in my book
5．response n. 回答，答复→______________ vi. 回答；应答；作出反应
【语境感知】
The manager quickly responded to the client's complaint, and his professional response resolved the issue.
经理迅速回应了客户的投诉，他专业的答复解决了问题。
探究二 拓展词
respond
【靶向小练】
①I knocked on the door but there was no _________ (respond)．
②收到一条信息并不意味着你需要回应它。
Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to ______________．
＝Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to _____________________．
response
respond to it
make a response to it
6．monitor [熟义]n. 班长
[生义]v. _______________ n. ____________________________
【语境感知】
①The work in the charge of our monitor has been finished.
我们班长负责的工作已经完成了。
②The tower is used for fire prevention and pest monitoring.
该塔用于防火和害虫监测。
③We'd like to recommend our new home health monitor.
我们想推荐我们新的家庭健康监测器。
探究三 熟词生义
监视，监测
监听器；监视器；监测器
【靶向小练】
①Each student's progress is closely tracked.汉意：_____________ 同义词：_____________
②手术后，她的病情有所好转，医生日夜监测她的病情进展。
She got better after the operation and____________________________________ ___________________.
监测
monitored
doctors monitored her progress every day and night
7．master [熟义]n. 大师，能手
[生义]vt. _______________
【语境感知】
①He was constantly in dialogue with masters of the past, looking for new breakthroughs.
他经常与过去的大师们对话，寻找新的突破。
②Students are expected to master a second language.
学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。
精通；掌握
【靶向小练】
①With the world becoming a global village, I find it necessary to grasp English.汉意：__________ 同义词：__________
②他们必须是各自运动项目中的高手，并且也能为别人树立好榜样。
They must be athletes ___________________________ and also set good examples for others.
掌握
master
who are masters in their sports
探究四 长难句分析
【分析】 句中“Whether ... or ... ”引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……还是……”。
8．Whether you're a professional athlete or keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you.(教材P39)
无论你是职业运动员还是热衷运动的人，DX运动手表都是你理想的选择。
(1)whether ... or ... 还可以引导名词性从句，意为“是……还是……”
(2)whether还可以用于“whether ... or not/whether or not ... ”结构，意为“是否……；不管……与否”
【语境感知】
①There's no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn't come across clearly.
如果信息不能清楚地传达出去，那么进行任何形式的交流，无论是书面的、口头的、正式的还是非正式的，都是没有价值的。
②It's true whether you believe it or not.
无论你相信与否，那都是真的。
【靶向小练】
①It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash ______ credit card in this store.
②It remains to be seen __________ or not this idea can be put into practice.
③我不在乎他是否会来。(名词性从句)
I don't care ______________________________．
④不管我们成功与否，我们可以肯定我们尽力了。(让步状语从句)
____________________________，we can be sure that we did our best.
or
whether
whether he will come or not
Whether or not we're successful
——Grammar——
探究五 动词不定式作定语和结果状语
动词不定式作定语和结果状语：作定语时，一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词；作结
果状语时常与 only 连用，表示出乎意料的结果。
语法点1 动词不定式作定语
(1)只能位于所修饰词的后面，可扩展为一个定语从句
①A good friend gives us strength, love, laughter and the courage to keep trying.
＝A good friend gives us strength, love, laughter and the courage that makes us keep trying.
好朋友给我们力量、爱、欢笑和继续努力的勇气。
②I need a pen to write with.
＝I need a pen that I can write with.
我需要一支写字的钢笔。
如果不定式的动词与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，并且该动词是不及物动词，则需要加上适当的介词使动宾关系成立。
When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place to live in.
当你搬到一个新的地方时，首先要找一个住处。
(2)用法
表示将来还未发生的动作。
①All the teachers to attend the opening ceremony tomorrow should wear the uniforms.
所有明天要出席开幕式的老师都应该穿制服。
②The Winter Olympics to be held will surely bring in many international tourists.
将要举行的冬奥会肯定会吸引许多国际游客。
序数词、形容词最高级或the last, the only, the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。
①He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.
他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
②It is recognized that he is the best man to do the job.
他被公认是做这个工作的最佳人选。
③You are the only person to be late for such an important meeting.
在这么重要的会议上，你是唯一迟到的人。
④The next train to arrive was from New York.
下一趟抵达的火车是从纽约开来的。
抽象名词ability, chance, opportunity, belief, way, right, courage, decision, hope, wish, dream等后常用动词不定式作定语。
①The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
②The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.
这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。
③Thanks to your encouragement, I finally got the courage to face the challenge.
多亏了你的鼓励，我最终有了面对挑战的勇气。
趁热打铁1
①Volunteering gives you a chance _____________(change) lives.
②In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs ____________(do)．
③By boat is the only way __________ (get) here, which is how we arrived.
④We are invited to a party _____________ (hold) in our club next Friday.
to change
to do
to get
to be held
语法点2 动词不定式作结果状语
(1)用法
动词不定式作结果状语时，最常见的结构之一是在动词不定式前面加上only，构成“only to do”结构，用以引出意想不到的或不愉快的结果，表示说话人并不希望它发生。
①You've raced to the supermarket only to realize you've left the shopping list home.
你冲到超市，却发现你把购物清单落在家里了。
②The traveler looked up suddenly to find a leopard in the tree.
那个旅行者猛然抬头一看，发现树上有一只豹子。
only to do sth与only doing sth都可作结果状语，但前者表示一个与主语愿望相反或出乎主语意料的结果，或用来暗示最初未能实现的动作；后者表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。
I hurried to the supermarket, only to find it had been closed.
我匆忙赶到超市，不料它已经关门了。
His parents died, only leaving him an orphan.
他的父母去世了，只留下他成了孤儿。
③He is old enough to go to school.
他到上学的年龄了。
④He left his hometown when he was ten, never to return.
他十岁的时候离开家乡，再也没有回来。
(2)特殊情况
在某些情况下，动词不定式可以直接在句中作结果状语。
①He lived to be a hundred years old.
他活到了一百岁。
②He did excellent work to be general manager of the famous company.
他工作非常出色，成了这家著名公司的总经理。
在某些表示对人进行表扬或批评的形容词后常接不定式表示结果。此类形容词有right, polite, crazy, generous, good, kind, nice等。
①He was generous to lend us a large amount of money.
他为人慷慨，借给了我们一大笔钱。
②She was very polite to show us the way.
她非常有礼貌，给我们指了路。
趁热打铁2
①这个男孩太小还不能上学。
_________________________________________
②请你帮我一下好吗？
__________________________________________
③这个男孩已经长大了，可以照顾自己了。
__________________________________________
④我急急忙忙赶到他家，结果却发现他不在家。
__________________________________________
The boy is too young to go to school.
Would you be so kind as to do me a favor
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
I hurried to his house, only to find him out.
——Vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
dis _________________________ ______________, disappear, disagree, dislike, distract
con ___________；表示____________ ______________, conflict, confess, congress, conduct
th 表示______________ ______________, length, strength, width, health
able ______________ ______________, available, remarkable, reliable, sustainable
分开，分离；不，无
display
共同
强调
content
状态；程度
death
……的
adjustable
二、体育运动常用词块
1．arrive at the ____________ 到达体育场
2．__________ 运动包
3．_______ all round fitness提供全方位的健身
4．__________ in leaps and bounds突飞猛进的进步
5．enter into the _____________ 参加比赛
6．excel _______ sports 擅长运动
7．training __________ 训练进度
8．an important factor in ______________ 保持活跃的一个重要因素
9．_______________ exercise 一种很好的锻炼形式
10．____________________为了保持健康
stadium
sport bag
offer
improve
competition
at/in
progress
keeping active
a good form of
in order to keep fit
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能——体育健康类的听力技巧
此类话题常见的设题点：
(1)what(谈话者在谈论什么体育项目，谈话者要参加什么体育项目，某人做什么活动锻炼身体)
(2)when(某人什么时候锻炼，比赛什么时候开始/结束，比赛持续多长时间)
(3)where(比赛在哪儿举行)
Q：Who won the race
A．Michael Robinson. B．Kyle Nash.
C．Chris Scott.
录音：
M：Who won the 1，000 meter race Michael Robinson or Chris Scott
W：Neither of them. Although we thought one of them would win the race, they didn't perform well that day. And you will never believe that Kyle Nash was the first one.
提问关于谁在跑步比赛中获胜，根据关键信息“Michael Robinson or Chris Scott？”，“Neither of them.”及“Kyle Nash was the first one”可知，答案应为B。
二、话题口语表达(开放型)
用以下两个问题，和你的小伙伴互相提问，谈谈相关的体育运动。
1．What is the most popular sport in your country
2．Do you know how to practise kung fu
课堂作业 巩固内化
Ⅰ.写出单词
1．There are plenty of jobs ________(可用的) in the western part of the country.
2．She couldn't keep herself in _______ (平衡) and fell down from the wall.
3．This great book is _______ (理想的) for both the travelling supporter and the armchair fan.
4．The problem of the environmental protection ___________ (包含) us all.
5．In a real competition, a tai chi _______ (大师) borrows the strength of the competitor and uses the energy to fight back.
available
balance
ideal
involves
master
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _______(catch)．
2．The coffee is too hot _______(drink) right now.
3．I have a pair of running shoes _______ (wear) for the marathon.
4．She's old enough __________(decide) for herself.
5．Store managers are often the last _______ (hear) complaints.
to catch
to drink
to wear
to decide
to hear
Ⅲ.语段填词
1．The teacher asked a difficult question, and it took a while for the students to _______. Their delayed _________ showed that the question was really challenging for them. (respond)
2．She has an _______ job that allows her to travel and meet new people. _______, she hopes to visit a different country every month with this job. (ideal)
3．She tries to ________ the amount of exercise and rest she gets every day.With a __________ routine of exercise and rest, she stays in good health. (balance)
respond
response
ideal
Ideally
balance
balanced
4．I _______ the alarm clock for 7 am so that I can get up early. The _______ of the alarm time ensures I won't be late for school. (set)
5．This chair is ____________, which is very convenient for people of different heights. You can _______ the height of the chair by turning this knob. (adjust)
set
setting
adjustable
adjust
Ⅳ.翻译
1．He searched the room, ___________________ (什么也没找到)．
2．He often reads newspaper to _________________________ (了解当前事件的情况)．
3．He has since spoken to ____________________________ (数以万计的学生) around the world.
4．请给我拿把椅子坐好吗？(动词不定式作定语)
_________________________________________
only to find nothing
keep track of current events
tens of thousands of students
Will you please bring me a chair to sit on
5．无论是步行去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩，我们俩几乎形影不离。(whether ... or ...)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) __1__ part in a lot of __2__ such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is __4__ to be an excellent athlete and __5__ all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the __6__ is his favorite. To build up __7__， he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed and __9__. Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a(n) __10__ diet.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Richard (理查德)虽然在一次马拉松比赛中受伤，但仍坚持完成比赛，不仅赢得了冠军，也赢得了人们对他的钦佩。
Once he signed up for a marathon __11__ in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in __12__. However, though under stress, he didn't __13__ but ran as hard as he could to __14__ for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the __15__ of the citizens.
1．A.active B．confident
C．anxious D．joyful
解析：根据前文“He is interested in doing sports”可知，Richard对运动感兴趣，因此会积极参与到各种运动中。take an active part in ...意为“积极参加……”。故选A。
2．A.shows B．topics
C．events D．lectures
解析：根据后文“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知，他积极参加各种运动项目。故选C。
3．A.sweating B．cheating
C．pretending D．packing
解析：根据后文“tries to avoid errors in matches”可知，他反对在比赛中作弊并尽力避免错误。故选B。
4．A.thought B．impressed
C．recommended D．allowed
解析：根据前文“He is always ... errors in matches.”可推知，凭借他的优秀表现和体育精神，他被推荐为优秀运动员。故选C。
5．A.act B．master
C．edit D．volunteer
解析：根据前文“He is interested ... skiing and badminton.”可知，他积极参加各种运动项目，由此可推知，他精通多种运动。故选B。
6．A.company B．classroom
C．office D．gym
解析：根据前文“Doing gymnastics”并结合常识可知，做训练应该是在健身房。故选D。
7．A.determination B．stress
C．strength D．friendship
解析：根据后文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，慢跑是为了锻炼身体，增强自己的体力。故选C。
8．A.playing B．walking
C．jogging D．hiking
解析：根据前文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，他每天会慢跑，因此，该句是在讲述慢跑的好处。故选C。
9．A.strong B．weak
C．unique D．attractive
解析：根据前文“In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed”并结合常识可知，慢跑让他放松，同时慢跑也会使人身体强壮。故选A。
10．A.traditional B．economical
C．advanced D．balanced
解析：根据前文“in order to have a slim shape”可知，保持体型需要饮食均衡。故选D。
11．A.solved B．attended
C．moved D．hosted
解析：根据前文“signed up for a marathon”可知，此处指他报名参加了在他的城市举办的马拉松比赛。故选D。
12．A.detail B．success
C．failure D．experience
解析：根据前文“During the competition ... was injured.”可知，他在比赛中受伤了，因此，大家认为他会失败。故选C。
13．A.give up B．clean up
C．make up D．sign up
14．A.apply B．arrange
C．explore D．compete
解析：根据后文“not only did ... honor for his team”可知，他成了这次比赛的冠军并赢得了奖牌，由此可推知，他没有因受伤而放弃比赛。故选A。
解析：根据后文“not only did ... honor for his team”可推知，虽然受伤了，但是他为了团队的荣誉继续努力比赛。故选D。
15．A.goal B．admiration
C．comment D．wisdom
解析：根据前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.”可知，他的精神使他独一无二，也赢得了人们的钦佩。故选B。
Ⅱ 语法填空
Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America, __1__ includes three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land __2__ (run) along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. In the high plain area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses __3__ vast areas of jungle.
Peru __4__ (rule) by Spain from the 16th century to 1821. So Spanish is __5__ (official) spoken in Peru. The ancient Inca capital, Cusco, is __6__ popular destination for the tourists as it is close to the famous Inca ruins of the city of Machu Picchu.
There are two especially interesting things for us __7__ (admire) about the Inca civilization. The first is the roads and paths they built to connect __8__ (they) important cities. Second, the Inca built wonderful cities, __9__ there were no markets in these cities. One of the interesting __10__ (question) of history is how the Inca lived without shopping.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家——秘鲁。
1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________
6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________
1．答案：which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a country，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。
2．答案：running
解析：考查非谓语动词。名词land和动词run之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填running。
3．答案：to
解析：考查介词。句意：秘鲁有丰富的植物，从沙漠草到大面积的丛林。from ... to ...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。
4．答案：was ruled
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语from the 16th century to 1821可知，应用一般过去时；主语Peru和动词rule之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且Peru是第三人称单数，助动词be应用was。故填was ruled。
5．答案：officially
解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词spoken，应用副词。故填officially。
6．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。destination为可数名词，此处泛指“一个受欢迎的目的地”，应用不定冠词，且popular的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7．答案：to admire
解析：考查非谓语动词。for sb to do sth是固定的不定式复合结构。设空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰interesting things，应用动词不定式。故填to admire。
8．答案：their
解析：考查代词。设空处修饰名词cities，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
9．答案：but/yet
解析：考查连词。句意：第二，印加人建造了奇妙的城市，但这些城市里没有市场。根据句意可知，设空前后句为转折关系，应用but或yet连接。故填but/yet。
10．答案：questions
解析：考查名词。句意：历史上一个有趣的问题是印加人如何在不购物的情况下生活。one of＋the＋形容词(最高级)＋可数名词复数是固定结构，意为“(最)……的……之一”。故填questions。
Ⅲ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Growing up in Colorado, I preferred being outdoors. During my spare time, I enjoyed swimming, climbing mountains and water skiing. Although skiing was a sport I had never learned, I wanted to have a try. So when I recently got an invitation to a skiing trip in Deer Valley, I jumped at the chance. I didn't think it would be that hard to learn. After all, I was fairly fit, and I used to waterski—that had to count for something, right
It turned out that there was not so much help. I told the coach I was at “beginner level”， and I was grouped with some women who had skied only a couple of times before. At first, I learned how to put on my ski suit and control my speed and direction. With the help of the coach, I started to practice.
Once we mastered the basic skills, my coach led us to the Green Run—the easy slope (斜坡) for ski beginners. When I reached the top, I started down an easy green run with others in our group. “OK, this isn't so bad! I'm doing it！” I thought at the start of the run. Then came a harder slope. I wanted to quit. However, my pride didn't let me stop.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I began to ski down the hill. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
But the accident would never stop me. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜爱户外活动，想尝试一下从未学过的滑雪运动。在教练的指导下掌握了滑雪的基本技巧后，作者随教练去了初级雪道，刚开始作者觉得很容易，在到达一个更难的坡道后，他会发生什么意外事故呢？事故发生后作者会怎样做呢？
[精彩范文]
I began to ski down the hill. Firstly, I moved inch by inch, and gradually I picked up speed until I took off—I was enjoying the flying feeling when I accidentally hit a tree and ended with a nose diving into the snow. “Ouch！” I cried out in pain, feeling my legs hurt. The coach and the teammates immediately ran towards me. They checked me up and moved me out of the runs.
But the accident would never stop me. After a while, I stood up. I gathered the strength to continue. Amazingly, I found joy and pride in the process of falling and getting back up on the skis over and over again. Skiing has become my favorite. I've come to realize that the essence of skiing lies in the discovery of a better self. Fear doesn't shape my future, but bravery does.
Starting a daily running routine needs determination. Looking back on my old running routine, it wasn't so much the passion that affected my sticking to a regular schedule—but it was the environment. There had to be no rain pouring down, there had to be not many people on the basketball court and the ambient (周围的) temperature had to be just right. Or maybe I was just making an excuse for myself not to get up at 5 in the morning
精深阅读
I was quite successful at doing so when I was 15 and when it was summer. When I was overweight, I ate more snacks than the actual full meals in a day, and I hardly got off the sofa. One summer day, I decided that it was time to put a stop to the idea that I was just the fat kid. I didn't want to be put in that box anymore. There was a tipping point (临界点) where inspiration happened, and discipline just took over from there. I needed to make sure that I ran 10 laps of the park a day—this was the contract I made with myself that summer. And if I achieved that, I knew I'd be closer to my goal of being just a kid with normal weight.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的跑步习惯和减肥过程，强调了自律在实现目标中的重要性。
Ten laps, six days a week—sometimes no breakfast, hardly a bite at dinner, one snack a day—this lasted two months. I'd lost over 30 pounds that summer, which was roughly a quarter of my body weight. Some days, I didn't have the motivation. But the contract I made with myself kept reminding me—if I broke it, would I even bother making future self contracts anymore There were sleepy days, and there were days when I should have rested my trembling knees, but discipline won over them all.
1．What do we know about the author's past running routine
A．It was made by the author's parents.
B．It mainly depended on the environment.
C．It referred to many people at site.
D．It failed in the end.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Looking back on ... was the environment.(回顾我以前的跑步习惯，影响我坚持按时跑步的不是激情，而是环境。)”可知，作者过去的跑步习惯主要取决于环境。故选B。
2．What can we infer from the fact that the author was overweight
A．The author didn't live a healthy lifestyle.
B．Summer is a season for people to be fat.
C．Good eating habits could make one put on weight.
D．Getting up late made him a fat kid.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When I was overweight ... got off the sofa.(我超重的时候，我一天吃的零食比正餐还多，而且我几乎没有离开过沙发。)”可推知，作者超重的原因是他没有健康的生活方式。故选A。
3．Why did the author keep the contract that made with himself
A．He felt looked down upon when he was fat.
B．He couldn't find a right word to describe his size.
C．He made up his mind to achieve his goal of losing weight.
D．He was too fat to find the right size of clothes or shoes.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I needed to ... with normal weight.(我需要确保每天在公园跑10圈——这是那年夏天我和自己签订的契约。如果我能实现这个目标，我知道我离成为一个体重正常的孩子的目标更近了。)”可推知，作者坚持这个契约是因为他下定决心要实现减肥的目标。故选C。
4．What can be the best title for the passage
A．My Running Routine Was Affected by the Environment
B．It Was Unpleasant to Be Overweight
C．I Made a Contract on Running
D．Discipline Helps Achieve My Goal
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过自律坚持跑步减肥的故事，强调了自律在实现目标中的重要性。因此D项(自律帮助实现我的目标)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
(一)热词
1．passion n. __________
2．schedule n. _______________________
3．contract n. _________________
4．motivation n. _________
5．________ v. 花费时间精力；打扰
精深阅读——好词句小练
热情
日程安排；工作计划
契约；合同
动力
bother
(二)高频短语
6．_______________ 回顾
7．_________ 坚持
8．pour down_______________
9．_______________ 找借口
10．take over______________
look back on
stick to
倾盆而下，倾泻
make an excuse
接替；接管
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．I don't know if Shally's coming. I didn't bother ______________ (ask)．
12．The train was late; it should ______________ (arrive) half an hour ago.
13．The volcano erupted and the lava poured ________ the mountain, burying several villages.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．We decided to have a break and enjoy the beautiful scenery. ________
15．You're courting disaster if you go on driving so fast. _________
16．The little boy tried to stick the two pieces of paper together. _______
asking/to ask
have arrived
down
休息
招致
粘贴
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．We barely had time to catch the train. __________
18．I don't want to trouble her with my problems at the moment._________
19．There are many who will work hard to reach these goals.__________
hardly
bother
bother, achieve, hardly
achieve
(六)长难句分析
20．One summer day, I decided that it was time to put a stop to the idea that I was just the fat kid.
句意：一个夏日，我决定是时候停止我只是一个胖孩子的想法了。
分析：主干是_________________；第一个that引导_______从句，其中it作形式主语，___________________________________作真正的主语； 第二个that引导________从句，解释名词idea的内容。
I decided that ...
宾语
动词不定式短语to put a stop to the idea
同位语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．They will ________________ (接管工作) such as preparing meals, washing dishes, and sweeping the floor.
22．________________ (回顾) my high school life, I think the most important thing is to arrange the busy schedule.
take over jobs
Looking back on
(八)仿写句子
23．And if I achieved that, I knew I'd be closer to my goal of being just a kid with normal weight.(条件状语从句)
仿写：你若有困难就去向老师求助。
__________________________________________________
Turn to the teacher for help if you have difficulty.
