选择性必修 第三册
Unit 1 Wish you were here
核心词汇
1. ① distinctly ② distinction ③ distinctive ④ Distinct from Western paintings, Chinese paintings are more abstract.
2. ① accommodation ② accommodating ③ Some people find it hard to accommodate themselves to the new working conditions.
3. ① with ② harmonious ③ Building a harmonious society is the need of peaceful development of human society.
4. ① give way to ② mend your way ③ lost his way ④ make her way to
5. ① by ② contrasting ③ In contrast to my previous impression
6. ① to ② starvation
一词多义
1. ① A ② C ③ B
2. ① B ② C ③ A
3. ① A ② B ③ C
4. ① B ② A ③ C
5. ① A ② B
6. ① B ② A ③ C
重难句式
1. ① lived people ② were excited fans
2. ① While/When looking through the paper, I noticed a few grammatical mistakes.
② If properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.
③ If possible, try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.
Unit 2 Out of this world
核心词汇
1. ① from ② In ③ The absence of air and water makes it impossible for people to live on the Moon.
2. ① to go ② about/with ③ Many people have to vote for their acquaintances and friends, which bothers them very much.
3. ① occupations ② Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn; Occupied in making and selling popcorn
4. ① Under this circumstance ② Under no circumstances can we ignore the urgency of protecting the environment.
5. ① came into view ② In view of ③ in view ④ In view of the present situation, we'll have to revise our original plan.
6. ① foundation ② founded ③ laid a solid foundation for his work
7. ① original ② originally ③ He made great achievements in spite of his humble origin.
8. ① from ② sheltered ③ Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
一词多义
1. ① B ② A ③ C
2. ① C ② A ③ D ④ B
3. ① A ② B
4. ① A ② C ③ B
重难句式
1. ① Child as he is, he seems to know everything.
② Challenging as the activity was, all the participants benefited a lot from it.
2. ① Whenever I need help, my mother is the first person to give me support.
② As far as I know, Amy was the only person to witness the car accident.
③ He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.
Unit 3 Back to the past
核心词汇
1. ① convinced ② unconvincing ③ of ④ convincing
⑤ Convinced of the accuracy of the data
2. ① as ② acknowledging ③ acknowledgement ④ It is generally/widely/universally acknowledged that where there is life, there is hope.
3. ① (should) be made ② on ③ he insisted that he had done nothing wrong
4. ① of ② with/in
5. ① to return ② for ③ allowance(s) ④ Allowing for the cost, we have made a considerable fortune.
6. ① astonishing ② astonished ③ astonishment ④ It astonished me that; What astonished me was that
7. ① comparisons ② comparing
8. ① on the contrary; it will be a great pleasure to help you
② Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children.
一词多义
1. ① B ② A ③ C
2. ① B ② A ③ C ④ D
3. ① A ② C ③ B ④ D
4. ① B ② A
5. ① A ② B
6. ① A ② C ③ B
7. ① B ② A
8. ① B ② A ③ C ④ D ⑤ E
9. ① C ② D ③ B ④ A
重难句式
1. ① It was many years before
② before he turned to the teacher
③ it was several minutes before the applause died down
2. ① Where there is a will, there is a way.
② Please put the medicine where the children can't reach it.
③ She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.
Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites
核心词汇
1. ① ruins ② into ③ It has rained for two weeks, completely ruining our holiday.
2. ① in conflict with her parents ② These results conflict with earlier findings.
3. ① My agenda is quite full for the whole week ② is high on the agenda for this afternoon's meeting
4. ① consultation ② consultant ③ Don't consult/refer to a dictionary every time you come across a new word while reading.
5. ① Cooperation ② cooperative ③ I can get along well with others and always have a sense of cooperation
6. ① interruption ② were/are interrupted ③ interrupting our heated discussion
7. ① to ban ② votes ③ on
8. ① to ② myself ③ submission ④ In spite of challenges and hardships in life, I decline to submit to them.
9. ① assignment ② assigned
一词多义
1. ① A ② C ③ B
2. ① B ② A ③ C
3. ① C ② D ③ B ④ A
4. ① C ② B ③ A ④ D
5. ① B ② A ③ C
6. ① A ② B ③ D
重难句式
1. ① has been attracted ② not only improve our studies but also enrich our lives ③ Not only can travel give people relaxation and pleasure
2. ① The longer you stay in Nanjing, the more you will like it.
② There is no doubt that the more you practise, the more fluently you can speak English.[先讲解]
convince /k n'v ns/ vt. 使确信，使相信；说服，劝说
① convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb. that从句 使某人相信……
② convinced adj. 坚信；确信
be convinced of 坚信……；确信……
be convinced that从句 确信……
③ convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的
④ unconvincing adj. 不令人信服的
【写作金句】
① [外研选必一U5P68]But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. 但是达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。(人物介绍)
② Parents are convinced that plenty of praise will make kids more confident, which actually has a negative effect on them. 父母相信，多表扬会让孩子更有自信，这实际上对他们有负面影响。(发言稿)
acknowledge / k'n l d / vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢
① acknowledge...to be/as 承认……是……
acknowledge that从句 承认……
It is generally/widely/universally acknowledged that从句 人们普遍认为……
② acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢
in acknowledgement of 表示对……的谢意
【写作金句】 [外研选必三U1P4]What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，而且也更快乐的方式！ (主旨升华)
insist / n's st/ vi. & vt. 坚决要求，坚持；坚持说
insist on (doing) sth. 坚决要求(做)某事
insist that从句 坚决要求……；坚持说……
【写作金句】 She insists that fortune favours only the prepared mind and nobody's success happens by accident. 她坚持说，幸运只眷顾有准备的人，没有人的成功是偶然的。(主旨升华)
【特别提醒】 当insist意为“坚持说”时，后接宾语从句用陈述语气；当insist意为“坚决要求”时，后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should)＋do”，其中should可以省略。
The man in prison insisted that he had done nothing wrong and that he (should) be set free.
监狱里的那个人坚持说他没有做错什么，应该被释放。
regardless /r 'ɡɑ dl s/ adv. 不顾，不加理会
① regardless of 不管，不顾
② regard vt. 把……视为；看待 n. 注意；关注
regard...as 把……看作……
in this regard 在这方面
in/with regard to 关于；至于
【写作金句】
① [译林选必三U3P31]Regardless of all the challenges, Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean. 尽管面临种种挑战，哥伦布凭借他的知识和勇气，成功地让所有人远离了危险。(人物介绍)
② [北师选必二U6P69]Regardless, it looks like advertising will continue to play a very important role in our society for years to come. 无论如何，看起来广告在未来几年将继续在我们的社会中发挥非常重要的作用。(发言稿)
allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内
① allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
② allowance n. 津贴；补贴；补助；限额；定量
make allowance(s) for 考虑到
【写作金句】 [北师选必三U7P25]Alternatively, if someone prefers more independence, technology will allow for greater opportunities for self employment and starting their own business. 或者，如果有人更喜欢独立，技术将为自主就业和创业提供更多机会。(发言稿)
astonish / 'st n / vt. 使十分惊讶，使吃惊
① It astonishes sb. that从句 令某人感到吃惊的是……
② astonished adj. 吃惊的
be astonished at/by 对……感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth. 对……感到惊讶
③ astonishing adj. 令人十分惊讶的
It is astonishing that从句 ……令人感到惊讶。
④ astonishment n. 惊讶，惊异
to one's astonishment 让某人感到惊讶的是
in astonishment惊讶地
【写作金句】 [人教选必二U4P44]Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake. 她们站在远处眺望，看到从湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾起的水雾，感到非常震撼。(环境描写)
comparison /k m'p r sn/ n. 对比；比较
① make a comparison with 与……相比较
by comparison (尤用于句首)比较起来，较之
by/in comparison with 与……相比较
② compare vt. 比较；将……比作
compare...with/to 把……和……相比较
compare...to 把……比作
③ comparable adj. 类似的；可比较的
【写作金句】
① [译林必修一U2P21]There's no point in comparing you with others all the time. Everyone is unique. 总拿自己和别人比较是没有意义的，每个人都是独一无二的。(主旨升华)
② Life is compared to a journey where we often see some ups and downs. 生活就像一场旅行，我们常常会经历一些波折起伏。(主旨升华)
contrary /'k ntr ri/ adj. 相反的，相对立的；截然不同的 n. 相反的事实(或事情、情况)
contrary to 与……相反
on the contrary 相反的是(在句中作状语)
【写作金句】 Contrary to the common perception, the No.1 cause of death in China is not cancer, but strokes. 与普遍看法相反，在中国，头号死因不是癌症而是中风。(报道)
[后练习]
考点1 convince的相关用法
① She was (convince) that her husband would overcome the difficulties and come to rescue her.
② [译林选必三U3P33]Without such specific information, the writers' ideas remain (convince).
③ You need to convince your interviewer your ability to master the work.
④ Scientists say there is no (convince) evidence that power lines have anything to do with cancer.
⑤ [写作迁移]They stuck to their opinion because they are convinced of the accuracy of the data.
→ , they stuck to their opinion. (分词短语作状语)
考点2 acknowledge的相关用法
① Yuan Longping is widely acknowledged one of the greatest scientists in the world.
② Jack walked into the teacher's office, (acknowledge) that he cheated on the exam.
③ We are sending him some gifts in (acknowledge) of his help.
④ [写作迁移]人们普遍认为，有生命就有希望。
考点3 insist的相关用法
① The teacher insisted that every minute (make) full use of to get well prepared for the final exam.
② [人教选必一U1P3]Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
③ [写作迁移]尽管他所有的朋友都责备他，但他坚持认为他没做错任何事。
Though all his friends blamed him, .
考点4 regardless的相关用法
① [外研选必二U6P86改]She is determined to live a fulfilling life regardless what the future holds.
② The company's position regard to overtime is made clear in their contracts.
考点5 allow for的相关用法
① The doctor may allow her (return) to work next week.
② We have to allow the possibility that we might not finish this project on schedule.
③ When we're planning for a trip, we should make (allow) for the weather.
④ [写作迁移]把成本算在内，我们也赚了一大笔。
考点6 astonish的相关用法
① [人教选必四U1P5]The Three-Body Problem, written by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is one of those (astonish) predictions about the future.
② [北师选必二U4P14]When he looks at the menu, an (astonish) look quickly appears on his face.
③ The moment I opened the box, my eyes widened in (astonish)．
④ [写作迁移] She didn't care about my feelings, which astonished me.
→ she didn't care about my feelings. (it作形式主语)
→ she didn't care about my feelings. (what引导主语从句)
考点7 comparison的相关用法
① [译林选必三U3P37]Also, they often use stories and interesting (compare) to describe historical figures or events vividly, thus engaging the reader's interest.
② The research team published a new study (compare) the effects of two different diets on weight loss over six months.
考点8 contrary的相关用法
① [写作迁移]这根本不麻烦。恰恰相反，我很乐意帮助你。
It's no trouble at all; , .
② [写作迁移]与大众看法相反，老年人通常不愿与他们的孩子住在一起。
dismiss /d s'm s/ A. vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提 B. vt. 解雇 C. vt. 让(某人)离开，解散
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [北师选必一U3P73]The next years are horrible for Mathilde, who works like a servant, her own servant having been dismissed.
② [译林选必三U3P30]For many years, some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends.
③ [人教选必四U1P3]The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.
leak /li k/ A. vi. & vt. 漏，渗漏 B. vt. 泄露 C. n. 漏洞 D. n. 泄漏出的液体(或气体)
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [外研选必四U4P60改]Yet, the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement.
② [人教选必一U2P16]The monitoring system sends out warnings as soon as the car begins to leak oil.
③ There was a smell of natural gas, so we began to check and found a leak in the gas pipe.
④ If you suspect a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light.
captain /'k pt n/ A. n. 船长，机长 B. n. 上校，上尉 C. n. (尤指运动队的)队长
D. vt. 担任……的队长
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① The captain tells the passengers that they are not permitted to leave the ship.
② [人教必修一U3P38]One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.
③ The soldier prayed that the captain could show some mercy to him.
④ He captained the winning team in 1991.
available / 've l bl/ A. adj. 可获得的，可找到的 B. adj. 有空的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① I'm sorry, but he is not available at the moment, for the meeting hasn't ended.
② [人教选必一U2P15]Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.
exceptional / k'sep nl/ A. adj. 杰出的，优秀的 B. adj. 异常的，罕见的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [人教选必三U1P8]These works were intended to spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality.
② This deadline will be extended only in exceptional circumstances.
adopt / 'd pt/ A. vt. 采用，采取 B. vt. & vi. 领养，收养 C. vt. 正式通过，表决采纳
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必三U3P37]The authors adopt a natural, chatty style of writing that opens up the subject matter to the ordinary reader.
② Congress finally adopted the law after a two-year debate.
③ The kind couple decided to adopt the baby whose parents died in the earthquake.
hatch /h t / A. vt. 密谋，策划 B. vt. & vi. (使)孵出；孵化，破壳
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [北师选必一U3P53]They protected Old Blue's eggs, helped them to hatch, and took care of the chicks.
② [译林选必三U3P40]Japan had hatched a plot to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbour, so the attack began without warning and without declaring war on the United States.
plot /pl t/ A. n. 阴谋，密谋 B. n. 故事情节
C. n. (专用的)小块土地 D. vi. & vt. 密谋
E. vt. (在地图上)画出，标出
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林必修三U2P24]The typical features of a story are the setting, characters and plot.
② Security forces have uncovered a plot to overthrow the government.
③ She bought a small plot of land to build a house on.
④ They were accused of plotting against the state.
⑤ The earthquake centres had been plotted on a world map.
shift / ft/ A. n. 改变 B. n. 轮班
C. vi. & vt. (使)挪动 D. vi. 变动
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① He shifted uncomfortably in his seat when I mentioned money.
② [人教选必三U1P2]In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us.
③ [北师选必三U7P22]These people are the night workers—nurses on night shift, lorry drivers crossing continents and bakers preparing breakfast bread.
④ [人教选必二U1P9]Qian changed his major because of a shift in personal interest.
before引导时间状语从句
【课本原句】 It would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas. 规模更大的航海船队要到500年后才出现。
before用作连词时，可以引导时间状语从句。
① 表示“在……之前”。
Did she leave a message before she went
她走之前留言了吗？
② 表示“到……为止，到……之前”。
It won't/didn't take long before... 没过多久……
It＋be＋时间段＋before... 过了多久才……
【写作迁移】 用以上句型完成句子
① 许多年之后，事情的全貌才公之于众。
the full story was made public.
② 这个问题困扰了他好几天，之后他才求助于老师。
The question troubled him several days .
③ 他的演讲太精彩了，过了好几分钟大家的掌声才平息下来。
His speech was so great that
.
where引导地点状语从句
【课本原句】 Today, the USS Arizona lies where it sank: in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. 今天，美国“亚利桑那号”战列舰还在当年沉没的地方：在太平洋中央。
where引导地点状语从句，在从句中意为“在……地方”，从句可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。
【联想发散】
① where引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词。
The shop where I bought this shirt is not far from here.
我买这件衬衫的商店离这里不远。
② where引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。
Wuhan lies where the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River meet.
武汉位于长江与汉江交汇处。
③ 在有些情况下，where引导的定语从句可以转换为where引导的地点状语从句。
A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert.
＝A tall building was put up where used to be a desert.
在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。
【写作迁移】 用where引导的状语从句翻译句子
① 有志者，事竟成。
② 请把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。
③ 她想要一份能充分利用她的管理技能的工作。
[先讲解]
absence /' bs ns/ n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
① in one's absence 在某人不在场时
in the absence of sth. 因缺乏……
② absent adj. 缺席；不在；不存在
be absent from 缺席；缺少
③ absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的
【写作金句】 [外研必修二U4P62]Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear. 勇敢并非无所畏惧，而是知道有比恐惧更重要的东西。(主旨升华)
bother /'b (r)/ vt. 使烦恼，使担心；打扰 vi. 花费时间精力(做某事) n. 麻烦，困难
① bother to do sth. 费心去做某事
bother sb. about/with sth. 为……麻烦某人；用……打扰某人
It bothers sb. to do sth./that从句 使某人烦恼的是……
can't be bothered to do sth. 懒得做某事
② put sb. to bother 给某人添乱/让某人心烦
【写作金句】 I am writing to ask for some advice on a question that has been bothering me for a long time. 我写信是想就一个困扰我很长时间的问题寻求一些建议。(求助信)
occupy /' kjupa / vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
① occupy oneself/sb. in doing/with sth. 使自己/某人忙于某事
② occupied adj. 使用中；忙于
be occupied (in) doing sth./with sth. 忙于(做)某事
keep sb. occupied使某人忙碌
③ occupation n. 职业，工作；使用，占用
【写作金句】 Late and raining heavily as it was, the rescue party still occupied themselves in searching for survivors. 尽管下着大雨，天也很晚了，救援队仍忙于搜寻幸存者。(情景描写)
circumstance /'s k mst ns/ n. 条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何不(置于句首，需用倒装语序)
if circumstances permit如果条件允许的话
【写作金句】 Under no circumstances will they give up; they never have and never will. 在任何情况下，他们都不会放弃，从前没有，以后也不会。(主旨升华)
in view of 鉴于，考虑到
in view 在视线范围内
come into view 映入眼帘
in one's view/from one's point of view 在某人看来
【写作金句】 In view of the bad weather, the event will have to be put off until next week. 鉴于天气恶劣，活动将不得不推迟到下周。(告知信)
foundation /fa n'de n/ n. 基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会
① lay the foundation for 为……打下基础
solid/firm foundation坚实的基础
② found vt. 创建；把……建立在(过去式：founded 过去分词：founded)
【写作金句】 [人教选必四U3P28]Zac grew up on a boat and learnt how to sail when he was four, which formed the foundation of his success. 扎克在船上长大，四岁时便学会了航海，这是他成功的基础。(人物介绍)
origin /' r d n/ n. 起源，起因；出身
① in origin 起源于，起因于
be of noble origin 贵族出身
② original adj. 起初的；有独创性的
an original plan/idea 原来的计划/独到的见解
③ originate vi. & vt. 起源，发源；创立
【写作金句】 All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice. 一切理论都来源于实践，反过来又为实践服务。(主旨升华)
shelter /' elt (r)/ n. 居所，住处；庇护 vt. 保护，掩蔽 vi. 躲避
① take shelter from 躲避……
under the shelter of sth. 在某物的掩护下
② shelter from sth. 躲避某物
shelter sb./sth. from... 保护某人/某物以免受……
③ sheltered adj. 有遮蔽物的；受庇护的
a sheltered life/childhood 备受呵护的生活/童年
【写作金句】 When we're tired or stressed out, home is always a shelter for us to have a rest. 当我们疲惫不堪或者压力甚大的时候，家永远是我们可以休息的庇护所。(主旨升华)
[后练习]
考点1 absence的相关用法
① I'm writing to apologize to you for being absent your birthday party last weekend.
② the absence of parents' company in their childhood, these children will lack confidence.
③ [写作迁移]缺乏空气和水使人们不可能在月球上生活。
考点2 bother的相关用法
① Lots of people don't bother (go) through a marriage ceremony these days.
② I don't want to bother her my problems at the moment.
③ [写作迁移]许多人不得不为熟人和朋友投票，这让他们很困扰。
考点3 occupy的相关用法
① [译林选必四U3P29]All (occupy) are equal, with no difference in status or worth. Any one that is beneficial to the public is praiseworthy.
② [写作迁移]Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play.
→ , they spared no time to play. (现在分词短语作状语)
→ , they spared no time to play. (过去分词短语作状语)
考点4 circumstance的相关用法
① [写作迁移·译林选必四U2P26] 在这种情况下，拒绝外来影响就成了当地语言能否继续存在下去的关键。
, it becomes a matter of survival for the native language to reject outside influences.
② [写作迁移]在任何情况下，我们都不能忽视保护环境的紧迫性。(倒装句)
考点5 in view of及其拓展短语的相关用法
① As we climbed to the top of the mountains, the whole city .
② our relationship, we would offer you a discount of 5%.
③ There was nobody in the street at night. She felt helpless.
④ [写作迁移]鉴于目前这种情况，我们将不得不修改原来的计划。
考点6 foundation的相关用法
① [人教选必四U3P26]Trade and curiosity have often formed the (found) of mankind's greatest achievements.
② Tsinghua University, (found) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.
③ [写作迁移]四年的大学生活为他的工作奠定了坚实的基础。
Four years' college life .
考点7 origin的相关用法
① [译林选必一U3P40]The (origin) scroll is still in one piece despite its age, but it is extremely delicate.
② [人教选必四U2P14]A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is (origin) British.
③ [写作迁移]尽管出身贫寒，但他取得了巨大的成就。
考点8 shelter的相关用法
① The first thing he did was to take shelter the freezing wind and snow.
② When it poured yesterday, we (shelter) from the rain in a doorway.
③ [写作迁移·人教必修一U4P50]工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了庇护所。
gravity /'ɡr v ti/ A. n. 重力，地球引力
B. n. 严重性 C. n. 严肃
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① Punishment varies according to the gravity of the offence.
② [外研选必四U6P94]With no gravity to push against, astronauts' bones and muscles can become weak.
③ They were asked to behave with the gravity that was appropriate in a court of law.
discipline /'d s pl n/ A. vt. 严格要求(自己)
B. vt. 惩罚 C. n. 纪律 D. n. 自制力
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
② He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.
③ [人教选必三U2P15]To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.
④ The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed.
comprise /k m'pra z/ A. vt. 包括，包含
B. vt. 组成，构成
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必三U2P21]Run by the China National Space Administration, China's space agency, it comprises three stages: orbiting, landing and returning.
② [人教选必一U5P52改]The shelter is comprised of two large tunnels that were intended to one day become an extension of the London Underground.
coverage /'k v r d / A. n. 新闻报道
B. n. 覆盖范围 C. n. 信息范围
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必三U2P26]Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage.
② The magazine has extensive coverage of diet and health topics.
③ Immunization(免疫) coverage against fatal diseases has increased to 99% in some countries.
as引导让步状语从句
【课本原句】 Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think. 虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，其结构为：形容词/副词/名词＋as＋主语＋谓语。
【写作迁移】 用以上句型翻译句子
① 尽管他还是个孩子，但他好像什么都懂。
② 尽管这项活动很有挑战性，但所有参与者都从中受益匪浅。
the first...to do sth. 第一个做某事的……人
【课本原句】 In the early 1600s, Galileo was the first to use his telescope to explore the sky and since then, telescopes have continually improved.
在17世纪早期，伽利略是第一个使用望远镜探索天空的人，从那时起，望远镜不断改进。
当the first、the last、the best、the only、the very、the right等词语修饰名词，且这些词语与动词不定式有逻辑上的主动关系时，常用动词不定式作定语。
【写作迁移】 用以上句型翻译句子
① 每当我需要帮助时，我的母亲是第一个给我支持的人。
② 据我所知，艾米是唯一一个目睹车祸的人。
③ 他总是第一个来，最后一个走的人。
选择性必修 第三册
[先讲解]
distinct /d 'st kt/ adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的
① be distinct from 与……截然不同
② distinctly adv. 清楚地，清晰地
③ distinction n. 区别
make a distinction between A and B 区别A和B
【写作金句】 [译林选必三U1P4]Canada is a broad and beautiful country with diverse ethnic groups and distinct cultures. 加拿大是一个幅员辽阔、美丽的国家，拥有多元的民族和独特的文化。(投稿)
accommodation / k m 'deI n/ n. 住处
① provide accommodations for为……提供住处
② accommodate vt. & vi. 为……提供住宿；容纳；适应(新情况)；考虑到
accommodate (oneself) to... 顺应，适应……
③ accommodating adj. 乐于助人的；与人方便的
【写作金句】 The upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival has made flights and accommodation incredibly expensive. 即将到来的中秋节让航班和住宿变得异常昂贵。(建议信)
harmony /'hɑ m ni/ n. 融洽，和睦；和谐
① be in harmony with 与……和谐共处
② harmonious adj. 和谐的
③ harmoniously adv. 和谐地
【写作金句】 [人教选必三U3P28]In response to this environmental issue, China is implementing significant policies and measures to address climate change, aiming to restrict coal consumption, promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature, build a sustainable energy system, and advocate a moderate, green, and low-carbon lifestyle. 针对这一环境问题，中国正在实施应对气候变化的重大政策和措施，旨在限制煤炭消费，促进人与自然的和谐关系，建立可持续的能源体系，倡导适度、绿色、低碳的生活方式。(报道)
make one's way to 去，前往
give way to 让步，屈服
lose one's way迷路；忘记宗旨
mend one's way改过自新
【写作金句】
① In the evening we made our way to the railway station against the storm. 晚上，我们顶着暴风雨向火车站走去。(场景描写)
② [人教必修二U1P4]There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(主旨升华)
contrast /k n'trɑ st/ vi. 形成对比 vt. 对比，对照 /'k ntrɑ st/ n. 差异，差别；对照物
① contrast with 与……形成对比
contrast A and/with B 把……与……对比
② in contrast to 与……形成对比
by contrast 相比之下
③ contrasting adj. 极不相同的
【写作金句】 The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the cloudless blue sky. 沙丘的颜色与万里无云的蓝天形成了鲜明的对比。(环境描写)
starve /stɑ v/ vt. & vi. (使)饿死，(使)挨饿
① starve to death饿死
starve sb. 使某人挨饿
② starvation n. 饥饿，挨饿，饿死
die of/from starvation 饿死
【写作金句】 Penniless and hungry, the child stood near the road and begged for a meal, otherwise he would have starved to death. 这个身无分文又饥肠辘辘的孩子站在路边要饭，否则他就会饿死。(动作描写)
[后练习]
考点1 distinct的相关用法
① He was beginning to feel (distinct) uneasy about their visit.
② It is obvious that there is a (distinct) between what he says and what he does.
③ [北师选必二U6P71]Chandler's work shows a total mastery of plot and his style is highly (distinct), full of humour and irony.
④ [写作迁移]与西方绘画不同，中国绘画更抽象。
考点2 accommodation的相关用法
① [人教必修一U2P26]From there, you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your (accommodate) in the middle of the forest.
② The newly-built hall (accommodate) over 3,000 students becomes a typical building of the school.
③ [写作迁移]有些人发现自己很难适应新的工作环境。
考点3 harmony的相关用法
① The only way for us to survive is to live in harmony nature.
② [外研选必三U5P75]Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a (harmony) relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.
③ [写作迁移]构建和谐社会是人类社会和平发展的需要。
考点4 make one's way to及其拓展短语的相关用法
① The old houses will be knocked down to a new museum.
② You'll find yourself in prison if you don't .
③ At about one o'clock in the afternoon, he and couldn't find any other people.
④ She refused to give up, insisting that she would the top of the mountain by sunset.
考点5 contrast的相关用法
① When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned contrast.
② [外研选必四U1P3]Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in (contrast) ways.
③ [写作迁移]与我之前的印象相比，这儿的氛围一点都不紧张。
， the atmosphere here is not tense at all.
考点6 starve的相关用法
① Lost in the mountains, the three travellers ran out of their food and finally starved death.
② The UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide (starve)．
dynamic /da 'n m k/ A. adj. (事物)有活力的 B. adj. 动态的，发展变化的
C. adj. (人)充满活力的 D. n. 动态
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① South Asia continues to be the most dynamic economic region in the world.
② [外研必修二U3P46] I really envied the other club members, who were so confident and dynamic on the ice.
③ The dynamic adjustment to low oil prices may, however, be different this time around.
sample /'sɑ mpl/ A. vt. 尝，品尝，体验
B. vt. 抽样检验 C. n. (抽查的)样品，样本
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① 12% of the children sampled said they prefer cats to dogs.
② [译林选必三U2P21]In December 2020, Chang'e 5 successfully collected and returned lunar samples.
③ I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time.
blanket /'bl k t/ A. n. 厚层 B. n. 毛毯
C. vt. 以厚层覆盖
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必三U1P5]There's a thick blanket of snow in some mountain areas over much of the winter.
② He tried to smother the flames with a blanket.
③ Standing on the hilltop, you can see beautiful flowers blanketing hill and dale.
resolution / rez 'lu n/ A. n. 决心，决定
B. n. 决议 C. n. 解决
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① He replied that the UN had passed two major resolutions calling for a complete withdrawal.
② [外研选必三U2P25]However, he sought no fame and shunned the spotlight, returning to China with great resolution.
③ After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution.
border /'b d (r)/ A. n. 国界，边界
B. vi. & vt. (与……)接壤
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [外研选必二U4P50]There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.
② It is bordered by Pakistan, China, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, Bhutan and Afghanistan.
fetch /fet / A. vt. (去)拿来 B. vt. (去)请来 C. vt. 售得，卖得(某价)
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [北师选必三U8P31]Then she went to fetch her neighbour, Mr Behrman, to be a model for her drawing.
② The inhabitants have to walk a mile to fetch water.
③ The painting is expected to fetch $10,000 at auction.
介词短语置于句首的倒装句
【课本原句】 ① To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water. 太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川水流侵蚀而成的深谷。
② Before us stretched the unending sand dunes that marked the beginning of the Sahara. 在我们面前绵延不绝的沙丘标志着撒哈拉沙漠的开端。
当表示地点的副词和介词词组(如here、there、on the wall、under the tree、in front of the house、in the middle of the room等)和表示方位的副词(out、in、up、down、away等)置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子采用完全倒装句：副词/介词短语＋谓语动词＋主语。注意：谓语动词一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
【写作迁移】 用倒装句完成句子
① 住在这个完美世界里的人们知道如何永葆青春。
In this perfect world who had discovered how to stay young forever.
② 想要见到那位著名歌星的激动的粉丝们在街道两旁等待。
Waiting on both sides of the street who wanted to see the famous singing star.
状语从句的省略
【课本原句】 ① While avoiding flying is not always practical, we can help improve the environment by travelling on local public transport or even on foot wherever possible. 虽然避免乘坐飞机并不总是可行的，但我们可以通过乘坐当地的公共交通工具，甚至尽可能步行来帮助改善环境。
② When at the hotel, we can reduce our impact by cutting back on water consumption and not having our bedding and towels washed every day. 当我们在酒店的时候，我们可以通过减少水的消耗和不每天洗我们的床上用品和毛巾来减少我们的影响。
在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省略；若从句的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句中的it和be动词。
【写作迁移】 用省略的状语从句翻译句子
① 浏览论文时，我注意到几处语法错误。
② 如果废物妥善处理，就不会对环境有危害。
③ 如果可能的话，试着每天在同一时间睡觉和醒来。
[先讲解]
ruin /'ru n/ vt. 破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭
n. 毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁
① ruin one's health/prospects/career 有损健康/葬送某人的前程/事业
ruin one's chances of doing sth. 断送某人做某事的机会
② fall into ruin 毁坏，毁灭
in ruins 毁坏；破败不堪
【写作金句】 [人教必修二U4P46]After the war, the kingdom was left in ruins, with all of its defence completely destroyed. 战争结束后，王国沦为一片废墟，所有的防御工事都被完全摧毁。(报道)
conflict /'k nfl kt/ n. (军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致 /k n'fl kt/ vi. 冲突，抵触
① come into conflict with 与……争执/冲突
in conflict 处于矛盾中
in conflict with 与……冲突
resolve the conflict 解决冲突
② conflict with sth. 与……相矛盾/冲突
【写作金句】 [外研选必三U3P41]These measures aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority. 这些措施的目的是让冲突地区获得稳定，并允许政府重建权威。(报道)
agenda / 'd end / n. 计划，方案；议程表，议事日程
high on the/one's agenda高度重视；把……摆在重要位置
at the top of the/one's agenda 首要考虑；当务之急
be on the agenda 被列入议程
【写作金句】 [译林选必三U4P45] Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. 遗产保护是造福全人类的头等大事。(演讲稿)
consultation / k nsl'te n/ n. 咨询，商讨；就诊
① available for consultation 可供查阅
② consult vt. & vi. 咨询；请教；查阅；商量
consult sb. about sth. 就某事请教某人
consult with sb. about/on sth. 与某人商讨某事
③ consultant n. 顾问；会诊医师
【写作金句】 Consult with your health care professional before beginning any treatment plan. 在任何治疗计划开始前先与你的医疗保健专家商量一下。(建议信)
cooperation /k p 're n/ n. 合作，协作；协助，配合
① in cooperation with 与……合作
② cooperate vi. 合作，协作；配合
cooperate with sb. 与某人合作
cooperate in (doing) sth. 合作(做)某事
③ cooperative adj. 合作的，协作的，同心协力的
【写作金句】 [人教选必四U3P27]The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. 这一倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，加强中国与世界其他地区的联系。(报道)
interrupt / nt 'r pt/ vt. 打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断
① interrupt sb./sth. with sth. 打扰……
interrupt sth. 使暂停，使中断
② interruption n. 打扰，插嘴
【写作金句】 [人教选必二U5P56]Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. 北京一名高中生陈伟听到另一张桌子上有人尖叫，晚餐被打断了。(情境描写)
vote /v t/ vt. & vi. 投票，表决 n. 选票；投票
① vote for/against投票赞成/反对……
vote on 就……表决
vote to do sth. 投票做某事
② take/have a vote on 投票表决……
③ voting n. 投票，选举，表决
【写作金句】 [外研必修二U2P17]Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africa's first fully-participated elections in 1994, in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour. 每年4月27日举行自由日，庆祝南非1994年首次全民参与的选举，在这次选举中，每个人都可以投票，不分肤色。(节日介绍)
submit /s b'm t/ vt. & vi. 提交，呈递；屈服
① submit an application/a proposal to 向……提交申请/提议
submit (oneself) to 顺从；屈服；投降；被迫接受
② submission n. 提交，呈递；屈服
【写作金句】 [人教选必三U3P28]According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 per cent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests. 根据研究者提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放量是热带雨林的破坏导致的。(投稿)
assign / 'sa n/ vt. 指定，指派；分配；确定
① assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sth. to sb.＝assign sb. sth. 把某事分配给某人
② assignment n. (分派的)工作，任务；分派
【写作金句】 [译林选必三U4P53]Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. 受皇帝之命，特使张骞从长安前往中亚，试图在汉朝和西域之间架起桥梁。(人物介绍)
[后练习]
考点1① Trapped under the (ruin) of the collapsed building, the man found it hard to breathe.
② [外研选必四U5P68]Its once-great cities fell ruin, leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.
③ [写作迁移]雨已经下了两个星期，完全毁掉了我们的假期。
考点2 conflict的相关用法
① [写作迁移]她发现自己与父母在将来择业的问题上存在分歧。
She found herself
over her future career.
② [写作迁移]这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾。
考点3 agenda的相关用法
① [写作迁移]我这一周的日程安排得很满，所以我不能和你约时间。
，
so I can't make an appointment with you.
② [写作迁移]安全问题是今天下午会议的重要议程。
The question of security .
考点4 consultation的相关用法
① [北师选必二U4P9]Finally, after he had been waiting for about half an hour, he was called in for his (consult)．
② Shortly after graduating from university, Simon acquired a reputation as an excellent (consult)．
③ [写作迁移]阅读时，不要每次遇到一个生词就去查字典。
考点5 cooperation的相关用法
① [外研选必一U3P45] (cooperate) between team members allows individuals to demonstrate their own skills.
② Employees will generally be more (cooperate) if their views are taken seriously.
③ [写作迁移]作为一个性格外向的女孩，我能与其他人相处得很好，而且我总是有合作意识。
As an outgoing girl, .
考点6 interrupt的相关用法
① She has kept up physical training for several years without (interrupt)．
② [人教选必三U4P39改]However, these happy memories (interrupt) by a sudden cold rush of air soon.
③ [写作迁移]下课铃响了，打断了我们激烈的讨论。
The bell indicating the end of the class rang， .
考点7 vote的相关用法
① The committee voted (ban) alcohol from the concert.
② The suggestion was approved, with 25 (vote) in favour, and 7 against.
③ We'll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote it.
考点8 submit的相关用法
① And remember to submit your essays englishcorner@ before next Friday.
② In the past, I frequently submitted (I) to difficulties but now I can spare no effort to handle them.
③ The deadline for the (submit) of proposals is May 1st.
④ [写作迁移]尽管生活中有挑战和困难，我拒绝向它们屈服。
考点9① I'm sorry my (assign) isn't finished. The thing is, I've had a lot of other work this week.
② To be honest, I'm not confident of completing the task (assign) by the manager on time.
suspend /s 'spend/ A. vt. 暂停 B. vt. 悬，挂
C. vt. 使暂时停职(或停学等)
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① The ferry service has been suspended for the day because of bad weather.
② She was suspended from school for fighting.
③ [人教选必四U1P3]Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder.
division /d 'v n/ A. n. 分歧 B. n. 分开，分隔 C. n. 除法
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① The current division of labour between workers and management will alter.
② [译林选必三U4P48改]There are divisions among historians over when exactly the construction of the twin temples started.
③ I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.
reserve /r 'z v/ A. n. 自然保护区 B. n. 储备 C. vt. 预订；预留 D. vt. 保留
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.
② The management reserves the right to refuse admission.
③ The Persian Gulf has 65 per cent of the world's oil reserves.
④ [人教选必一U3P28]This larger park, with a connection to Russia's wildlife reserves across the border, should give these species the natural space they need to live in.
humble /'h mbl/ A. vt. 使感到卑微 B. vt. 轻松打败(尤指强大的对手) C. adj. 谦虚的
D. adj. (级别或地位)低下的，卑微的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [北师选必四U12P53]Fleming remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery.
② The world champion was humbled last night in three rounds.
③ Ted's words humbled me and I felt ashamed at once.
④ If a person of humble origins wished to marry a princess, we could say he was crying for the moon.
initiative / 'n t v/ A. n. 倡议，新方案
B. n. 主动性，积极性 C. n. 主动权
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① She was disappointed by his lack of initiative.
② [人教选必三U3P32]A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues.
③ The government must not lose the initiative in the fight against terrorism.
entry /'entri/ A. n. 进入 B. n. 参与，加入
C. n. 参赛 D. n. 参赛作品
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必三U4P55]The government has introduced a special entry fee for tourists.
② He described Britain's entry into the European Exchange Rate Mechanism as an historic move.
③ There have been a fantastic number of entries for this year's poetry competition.
not only...but (also) 不仅……而且……
【课本原句】 Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. 这些威胁不仅会给遗产地本身造成灾难性后果，也会对人们产生影响。
not only...but (also) 意为“不仅……，而且……”，连接并列句。
① not only...but also 连接两个对称的并列成分，此时also可以省略。
Beijing is not only the political centre but also the cultural centre of our country.
北京不仅是我国的政治中心，也是我国的文化中心。
② not only...but also 连接两个分句，并且not only位于句首时，第一个分句要部分倒装。
Not only will I adapt (myself) to the American lifestyle, but I will also help them understand Chinese culture better.
我不仅要适应美国的生活方式，还要帮助他们更好地了解中国文化。
③ not only...but also 连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致(即就近原则)。
Not only my parents but also I am fond of sports.
不光是我父母，我自己也喜欢体育运动。
【写作迁移】 语法填空/完成句子
① Not only the foreign students but also the teacher (attract) by the authentic Chinese tea culture so far.
② 众所周知，阅读经典不仅能提高我们的学习成绩，也能丰富我们的生活。
As we all know, reading classics can .
③ 旅游不仅让人们放松、感到愉快，而且可以增长人们的知识。
， but it can increase their knowledge.
the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..
【本原句】 The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect. 我们越明白遗产地突出的普遍价值，就越可能会尊重他们。
① “the＋比较级， the＋比较级”意为“越……就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
② 从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句，用一般将来时。
【写作迁移】 用以上句型翻译句子
① 你在南京待的时间越长，你就会越喜欢这座城市。
② 毫无疑问，你练习得越多，英语说得就越流利。
