英语 必修 第二册 WY
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas (Reading & Writing)
& Presenting ideas
一、阅读单词
1．data n. 资料，数据
2．asthma n. 哮喘(病)
3．lung n. 肺
4．gorilla n. 大猩猩
5．am 午前，上午
二、核心单词
1．power n. 力量
2．network n. 人际关系网，联络网
3．ache v. (持续而隐隐地)作痛
4．inspire v. 鼓舞，激励
5．persuade v. 说服，劝服
6．champion n. (尤指体育比赛中的)冠军，第一名
三、拓展单词(可查字典)
1．interpret v．理解，了解，解释→interpretation n. 解释；理解
2．tension n. 紧张，焦虑→tense adj. 紧张的，焦虑的
3．disappear v. 消失，不见→disappearance n. 消失
4．sweaty adj. 满是汗的，被汗水湿透的→sweat n. 汗水
5．ultimate adj. (目标等)最终的→ultimately adv. 最终，最后；根本上，最重要地
四、熟词生义
label 熟义：n. 标签，标记
生义：v. 给……贴标签
五、核心短语
die__out 消失，绝迹，灭绝
课文三维剖析
Running into a Better Life
跑出更好的生活
This global site is a place for runners to share their stories1 about running2. So, if3 you are a runner with a story to tell4, get in touch—we'd love to hear from you5! 我们是一个让跑步者分享跑步故事的国际网站。所以，如果你是一个有故事要讲的跑步者，就联系我们吧——我们期待你的来信！ Li Yue, 16, Beijing I was born with asthma and I never thought I'd be a runner! I only joined my local athletics club because6 my doctor told me that7 in my particular case exercise could improve how8 my lungs work. But before9 I knew it, I was taking part in local races. As10 my fitness and my running improved, I started running in national competitions. This year I won silver in the under 18's 10，000 metres! And who knows, next year I could win gold！ 李跃，16岁，北京 我生来就患有哮喘，所以我从没想过会成为一名跑步运动员！医生说对于我这种特殊情况，运动可以改善我的肺部功能，所以我才加入了本地的运动俱乐部。但是没过多久，我就开始参加本地的比赛了。随着身体状况的改善和跑步能力的提高，我开始参加全国跑步比赛。今年，我获得了青少年一万米长跑的银牌！说不准明年我能得金牌呢！ Sarah, 36, Montreal Not so long ago, I didn't do any exercise—not even any jogging! Then I discovered an app called Running Power11. It lists your performance against other runners in your social network. At first, I kept running just to see my name12 in the top five. Soon, I found that13 I was not alone—I came across other runners in the same area running for the same purpose14! Now I no longer use the app, but I've fallen in love with running, and still do it with my running friends. 萨拉，36岁，蒙特利尔 就在不久前，我还什么运动也不做——甚至都不会去慢跑！后来我发现了一款名为“奔跑的力量”的应用软件，它会按照跑步的表现把你和你社交网络上的其他跑步者进行排名。起初，我坚持跑步只是为了看到自己能够进入前五名。很快，我发现不只是我有这样的目的——我遇到了和我住在同一区域且有着同样目的的其他跑步者！虽然现在我已经不再用这款应用软件了，但是我已经爱上了跑步，现在依然和我的“跑友”们一起跑步。 David, 52, New York As a computer engineer, there's always a new challenge just around the corner！It can be quite stressful at times, though, which15 in turn makes me feel anxious. To help deal with this16, I go running as often as I possibly can. Whether17 I'm at the gym or on the road, my nervous energy pushes me through mile one. By mile two, the tension has moved from my mind to my legs. By the end of the run, all my stress has disappeared and I'm ready to face the next day at work! 戴维，52岁，纽约 作为一名计算机工程师，我常常要面临随时到来的新挑战！然而，有时候工作的压力是非常大的，这也相应地会让我感到焦虑。为了缓解焦虑，我会尽可能多地去跑步。无论在健身房还是在路上，跑第一英里的时候我还能感受到神经的紧张；跑第二英里的时候，这种紧张感就从大脑转移到了双腿；等我跑完全程，所有的压力都消失了，我又准备好迎接第二天的工作了！ Grace, 25, Manchester This year I entered the Great Gorilla Run in London. This is a programme run by The Gorilla Organization18to raise money19to save the world's last remaining gorillas from dying out20. Each runner receives a gorilla suit and off they go! It's a bit hot and sweaty inside the suit, and my legs ache，but it's a lot of fun. The funniest moment was when21 someone watching the race22 offered me a banana—a real treat for a running gorilla! I had a great day out in London, as well as helping to save gorillas！ 格雷丝，25岁，曼彻斯特 今年我在伦敦参加了大猩猩跑。这是一个由大猩猩保护组织举办的活动，目的是募集资金保护世界上仅存的大猩猩免于灭绝。每个跑步者会领到一套(仿)大猩猩(皮毛的)衣服，穿上就可以跑了！穿着这套衣服跑步感觉有点热，我出了很多汗，腿也跑酸了，但我还是觉得很开心。最有趣的时刻是看比赛的人递给了我一根香蕉——这对于奔跑的大猩猩来说真是一顿美餐！我在伦敦度过了愉快的一天，同时也为拯救大猩猩出了力！ 1动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词a__place 2动名词作宾语 3引导条件状语从句 4动词不定式作宾语补足语 5动词不定式短语作宾语 6引导原因状语从句 7引导宾语从句 8引导宾语从句 9引导时间状语从句 10引导时间状语从句，意为“随着” 11过去分词短语作后置定语 12动词不定式短语作目的状语 13引导宾语从句 14现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词runners 15引导非限制性定语从句 16动词不定式短语作目的状语 17引导让步状语从句 18过去分词短语作后置定语 19动词不定式短语作目的状语 20动词不定式短语作目的状语 21引导表语从句 22现在分词短语作后置定语
阅读领悟
一、阅读课文并填空
二、问题链
1.How did Grace feel by helping to save gorillas
Grace__felt__tired__but__happy.
2．What does the author show us through these stories
Benefits__from__running.
探究一 高频词
1．power n. 力量；权力；政权；能力；动力 v. 驱动，推动(教材P43)
→powerful adj. 强大的；有权势的 →powerless adj. 无力的；没有能力的 have the power to do sth 有权/能力做某事 in/within one's power 在某人能力范围之内 beyond/out of one's power 某人力所不能及 do everything/all in one's power (to do sth) 尽力而为(做某事) be in power 执政 come to power (开始)掌权；上台执政
【语境感知】
①While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.
虽然对产品进行性别化定位可能是一种不错的营销策略，但这也可能会强化有关权力和身份的过时或有害观念。
②I have the power to make positive changes in my life.
我有能力对我的人生做出积极的改变。
③It seems that everything is in/within our monitor's power.
看起来好像一切都在我们班长的控制之下。
④I regret to tell you that your problems are beyond my power.
我很遗憾地告诉你，你的问题超出了我的能力范围。
【易混辨析】power/force/energy/strength
power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能，人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量、权力或动力
force 主要指自然界的力量、暴力、势力、说服力、压制力、法律、道德或感情的力量，军事的力量等
energy 主要指人的精力、工作或活动的能力、自然界的能量等
strength 指人或物所拥有的内在的力量，能用以从事、忍受或抵抗许多事物
“竭尽全力做某事”的表达还有： (1)do/try one's best to do sth (2)make every effort to do sth (3)spare no effort to do sth
【靶向小练】
①Body language is one of the most powerful (power) means of communication.
②I'm afraid it's not in/within my power to get the work done in such a short time.
③The fact is that I want to help you, but it's beyond/out__of my power to do so.
④作为你最亲密的朋友，我将尽我最大的努力帮助你摆脱困境。
As your closest friend, I will__do/try__my__best/make__every__effort/spare__no__effort to help you out of your trouble.
＝As your closest friend, I will__do__everything/all__in__my__power to help you out of your trouble.
2．inspire v．鼓舞，激励(教材P45)
→inspiration n. 激励；灵感；鼓舞；启示 →inspired adj. 得到灵感的；受到鼓舞的 →inspiring adj. 激励人心的；启发灵感的 inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 inspire sth in sb＝inspire sb with sth 激起/引起某人某种感情
【语境感知】
①Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist.
梦境可以成为艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。
②He inspired many young people to take up the sport.
他激励了许多年轻人从事体育运动。(人物介绍)
③The father inspired confidence in his son.
＝The father inspired his son with confidence.
这位父亲激发了他儿子的信心。
inspired意为“受到鼓舞的”，常用来修饰人；inspiring意为“令人鼓舞的，鼓舞人心的”，多用于修饰物。
【靶向小练】
①The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to__explore (explore) the outer space.
②With inspiration (inspire) from other food cultures, American food culture can take a turn for the better.
③Inspired by his inspiring words, they went on climbing the mountain.(inspire)
④父亲的一番话激起了我对学习的热爱。
What my father said inspired__a__love__of__learning__in__me．
＝What my father said inspired__me__with__a__love__of__learning.
3．persuade v. 说服，劝服；使相信，使信服(教材P46)
→persuasion n. 说服；劝说 persuade sb to do sth＝persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth＝persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做某事 persuade sb of sth 使某人信服某事 persuade sb that ... 使某人相信……
【语境感知】
①Try to persuade him to come.
尽量劝他来。
②I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.
我经不住别人的劝说，参加了比赛。
③He must persuade his companion of his honesty.
他必须让他的同伴相信他是诚实的。
④It's no use trying to persuade him that you're innocent.
试图让他相信你无辜是没有用的。
【靶向小练】
①The first priority is to persuade the student of the disadvantages of unhealthy lifestyle.
②We only need one more player for this game—can you persuade your sister to__join (join) in
③我们必须使人们相信，它确实是有益的。
We__have__to__persuade__people__that__it__is__actually__of__benefit.
探究二 拓展词
4．disappear v. 消失，不见→disappearance n. 消失
【语境感知】
Many species of animals and plants have disappeared in the past decade, which makes us reflect on what it is that causes their disappearance.
在过去的十年里，许多动植物物种已经消失了，这使我们反思到底是什么导致了它们的消失。
【靶向小练】
①The disappearance (disappear) of the wolves had many unexpected results.
②她一走上台，紧张情绪便很快消失了。
Her nervousness quickly__disappeared__once__she__went__on__stage．
探究三 熟词生义
5．label [熟义]n. 标签，标记 [生义]v. 给……贴标签
【语境感知】
①I read the information on the label before deciding which book to buy.
在决定买哪本书之前，我先阅读了标签上的说明。
②Prior to his success, he was labeled as a fool.
在他成功之前，他被贴上了傻瓜的标签。
【靶向小练】
①Each card is marked with the file name that shows the text of the log itself.汉意：给……贴标 同义词：labelled
②我想我会买一件那种新款的T恤衫，它的正面和背面都有学校的标识。
I think I'll get one of those new T－shirts, with__the__school's__label__on__both__the__front__and__back.
探究四 短语
6．die out 消失，绝迹，灭绝(教材P44)
die其他常用搭配： die of/from ... 死于……(die of表示死于身体内部因素；die from表示死于外部因素) die down 逐渐变弱；平息 die away (声音)变弱；逐渐消失 be dying for/to do ... 渴望得到/做……
【语境感知】
①To our sadness, many old good customs are gradually dying out.
让我们伤心的是，许多旧的好的习俗正在渐渐消失。(文化传承)
②With the living environment becoming worse and worse, many of the earth's species are dying out.
随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种濒临灭绝。(生态保护)
③400 people a year die of lung cancer on average.
平均每年有400人死于肺癌。
④The noise of the car died away in the distance.
汽车的声音消失在远方。
【靶向小练】
①Although the wind has died down,__the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.
②In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750，000 people died of hunger.
③London was a new world to me and I was dying to__find (find) out more about it for myself.
④你提到你愿意以教我英语作为回报，这正是我所渴望的。
You mentioned that you would like to teach English in return, which is exactly what__I__am__dying__for．
探究五 长难句分析
7．We're now training for national competitions and hope to be champions one day, but my ultimate goal is to be an ice hockey teacher and help people learn to play this game.(教材P46) 我们现在正在为全国比赛训练，希望有一天能成为冠军。但我的最终目标是成为一名冰球老师并帮助人们学会这项运动。
【分析】 句中的“to be an ice hockey teacher”和“help people learn to play this game”为连词and连接的两个动词不定式短语，作系动词is的表语。
(1)不定式短语作表语，对主语进行解释说明，一般表示具体的动作，特别是将来的动作 (2)若主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式往往省略to
【语境感知】
①My work is to clean the room and cook for them every day.
我的工作就是每天打扫房间并为他们做饭。
②The only thing that she wants to do now is (to) go for a holiday.
现在她唯一想做的事就是去度假。
【靶向小练】
①The next step is to__make (make) sure that you know exactly what is required.
②What I love best now is to__have (have) a relaxing holiday.
③我的愿望是长大后当一名医生。
My__wish__is__to__be__a__doctor__when__I__grow__up.
④我想要做的事是马上好好休息一下。
What__I__want__to__do__is__(to)__have__a__good__rest__right__away.
Ⅰ.写出单词
1．Remember to label (贴标签) each sample bottle clearly before the experiment.
2．My legs ached (作痛) after I'd been walking all day.
3．He coughed a lot, which might be a sign of lung (肺) problems.
4．The study was based on data (数据) from 2，100 teenagers.
5．Our football team's performance (表现) in the championship game was disappointing.
6．It took him 10 years to become the world champion again.
7．I don't really enjoy the party, but it's a good opportunity to build up a social network．
8．My goal for the weekend is to finish reading this challenging book.
9．The little girl was terrified when she saw the big, barking dog.
10．My grandparents always treat us to fresh fruits from their garden when we visit.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She reached out her hand to catch the ball, only to__have (have) it slip through her fingers.
2．He opened the door to__find (find) a package on the doorstep.
3．The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm.
4．We fell in love with the peaceful countryside during our holiday.
5．There are many old trees in the park to__sit (sit) under, providing shade on a hot summer day.
6．You have the power to__build (build) a happy and healthy life full of good habits!
7．How can we persuade them into accepting our views
8．Many people start their fitness (fit) journey in the new year.
9．Whether the mountain path is covered in snow or clear, hikers should always be prepared.
10．She is looking for a book to__read (read) during the journey.
Ⅲ.语段填词
1．The hiker panicked when his map disappeared. Its sudden disappearance left him lost in the dark forest. (disappear)
2．After an hour of intense exercise, he was sweaty all over. He wiped the sweat off his face with a towel. (sweaty)
3．The professor tried to interpret the complex poem for his students. His interpretation made the poem much easier for the students to understand. (interpret)
4．There was a lot of tension in the air before the exam started. The students looked very tense as they waited for the test papers. (tense)
5．The ultimate aim of the protection project is to improve air quality. The team is working on promoting clean energy, and ultimately they believe they can make the air cleaner for everyone. (ultimate)
Ⅳ.翻译
1．The biggest advantage is that you come__across (遇见) various characters in your work.
2．I'm feeling a little depressed at the moment, but I'm sure good times are just around__the__corner (即将到来)．
3．We should try our best to protect__the__animals__from__dying__out (保护这些动物免遭灭绝)．
4．他的讲话激励我们比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。(inspire sb to do sth)
His__speech__inspired__us__to__work__harder__than__ever__before.
5.这种疾病会逐渐地影响思维能力。(动词不定式作定语)
The__disease__gradually__affects__the__ability__to__think.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比0%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
“Don't get dirty！” was once often shouted by parents angrily watching their children ruin their best clothes. It was unavoidable that children's whites would turn brown before the day was over.
Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt. With the rise of city life, and the attraction of video games and social media, contact with nature is much less than in the past. For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy. According to recent research, the dirt outside is teeming with friendly microorganisms (微生物) that can train the immune (免疫的) system and build the body against illnesses, such as anxiety.
These findings show that outdoor exercise is not only beneficial because of the chance to run around freely—but that certain natural materials, such as soil and mud, also have powerful microorganisms which have a positive effect on children's health. Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences. For example, the act of rubbing and shaping materials like mud or sand can help children develop their senses and movement.
Such activities—away from the house or classroom—may also help children to find ways to deal with emotions that may be hard to explore in other environments. So called “Sandtray Therapy (沙盘疗法)”， which includes using sand to express one's thoughts and feelings, is an accepted form of guidance for children who are struggling to speak out their inner emotions.
Surprisingly, people who spent most of their childhood in the countryside show a better response to stressful events like public speaking compared with those who grew up in cities. “The people who grew up in cities are kind of ‘walking__time__bombs’ when facing the stress we meet today. However, people who have spent lots of time in nature since childhood are generally stronger in recovery and more positive，” says Christopher Lowry, a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了户外运动对孩子身心健康的诸多好处。
1．What's the author's purpose of writing Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To share an opinion.
C．To tell a funny story.
D．To describe characters.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Don't get dirty！’ ... the day was over.(‘别弄脏了！’看到孩子们弄脏自己最好的衣服，父母们曾经常常愤怒地喊出这句话。孩子们的白色衣服在一天结束之前就会变成棕色，这是不可避免的。)”以及第二段中的“Today, many parents ... than in the past. (现在，许多父母可能暗自希望他们的孩子有机会捡起一点泥土。随着城市生活的兴起，以及电子游戏和社交媒体的吸引，与大自然的接触比过去少了很多。)”可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引出话题。故选A。
2．What is a benefit of outdoor exercise
A．Gaining learning experiences.
B．Experiencing the inner emotions.
C．Changing the immune system.
D．Discovering more microorganisms.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences.”可知，户外运动的一个好处是获得学习体验。故选A。
3．What do the underlined words “walking time bombs” in the last paragraph mean
A．People who often arrive late.
B．People doing harm to the public.
C．People who are weak under stress.
D．People staying positive and powerful.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。最后一段中的“The people who ... and more positive”是在比较在面对压力时，城市长大的人和从小在大自然中成长的人的不同表现，从小就在大自然中度过大量时间的人在面对压力时通常恢复能力更强，也更积极，那么反过来，在城市长大的人面对压力时恢复能力会更弱，所以变得脆弱。故画线短语意为“在压力下脆弱的人”。故选C。
4．In which part of a website can you find the text
A．Culture. B．Health.
C．Economy. D．Technology.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。文章主要介绍了户外运动对孩子身心健康的诸多好处，由此可推知，文章选自网站的“健康”部分。故选B。
Ⅱ 七选五
Is it bad to work out in cold weather __1__. With winter now, here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather.
Burn extra calories
In cold climates, your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm. Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature. When you're outside in the cold, brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature. __2__．
Help increase willpower
Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily, since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly. __3__. It may mean you can build willpower (毅力) more easily.
__4__
Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months. Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental (精神的) condition. They help give out more “feel good” chemicals, including serotonin and endorphins.
Help you sleep better
The combination of sunlight exposure (暴露) during the daytime, fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night. __5__. It is also called your “internal clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning.
Exercising in cold weather isn't for everyone, though. If you have any health problems, it is advisable to talk with your health care provider first.
A．Support heart health
B．Improve your mental health
C．It can make you take regular exercise
D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight
E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep wake cycle
F．As long as you take preventive measures, it is actually pretty beneficial
G．On the other hand, exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在寒冷的天气下锻炼的好处。
1．答案：F
解析：上文“Is it bad to work out in cold weather？”提出疑问，是否在寒冷的天气下锻炼不好，F项(只要你采取预防措施，它实际上是相当有益的)承接上文，对上文的问题作出回答。故选F。
2．答案：D
解析：根据上文“When you're outside ... increase body temperature.(当你在寒冷的户外时，棕色脂肪燃烧卡路里以提高体温。)”可知，D项(在这个过程中，它可能会帮助你减肥)承接上文。故选D。
3．答案：G
解析：上文“Working out in ... rate more rapidly.”描述高温下锻炼的弊端；G项(另一方面，在寒冷的天气中锻炼能让你锻炼得更持久)与上文形成对比，且与下文“It may mean you can build willpower (毅力) more easily.(这可能意味着你可以更容易建立意志力。)”构成因果关系。故选G。
4．答案：B
解析：设空处为本段小标题，根据下文“Exercising outside during ... the dark winter months.”可知，本段讲述冬季锻炼对心理健康的影响。B项(改善你的心理健康)概括本段内容，可作为本段小标题。故选B。
5．答案：E
解析：上文“The combination of sunlight ... sleep well at night.”提到白天锻炼有助于睡眠，由此可知，E项(阳光对控制你的睡眠周期很重要)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选E。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假设你校英文网站征集运动故事，鼓励学生参与体育运动。请以“My Sports Story”为题分享你的运动故事，内容包括：
1.你的爱好；
2.运动故事；
3.你的收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Sports Story
[精彩范文]
My Sports Story
Among all the sports I like swimming best. I fell in love with it quite by accident.
When I was younger, I never thought I would come across a drowning child needing my help. But I couldn't swim at that time. Although I was very nervous, I managed to pull him out of the river with a long stick. I thought if I could swim, I would have helped him more easily and quickly. From then on, I have paid special attention to swimming. Every afternoon, I go swimming and I always ask my PE teacher to instruct me to practice in a right way.
Now, besides swimming, I like football, basketball, running, cycling and so on. Sports help me keep healthy, happy, and energetic.
单元写作
单元写作——写一篇体育故事
本单元的写作任务是写一篇体育故事。侧重记人的体育故事，以介绍人的生平事迹为重点；侧重叙事的体育故事，以叙述事情的发生、发展、经过、结果为重点。但是记人和叙事是分不开的，记人需要用具体事件来表现人物，而叙事的灵魂是事件中人物的所作所为。
I used to be a healthy boy, but I fell into the habit of ________. Besides, I spent much time lying on the sofa, ________. As a result，I put on so much weight that ________. (运动缘由) I felt so sorry ________ (思想转变). I took up a balanced and healthy diet as well as taking part in sports activities. I ________ (运动历程). Several months later, I became as fit as before. If you are facing the same problem, ________ (号召运动).
※开头常用句式
1．When it comes to sports, I'd like to say that I like ... best.
说到体育运动，我想说我最喜欢……
2．Before I knew it, I took up swimming and I found it quite fun.
不知不觉中我开始游泳，并且发现游泳很有趣。
3．The first time I took part in jogging, I fell in love with the sport.
我第一次参加慢跑时，就爱上了这项运动。
※主体段落常用句式
1．Influenced by ..., I became interested in ...
受……影响，我对……产生了兴趣。
2．To perform well in the football game, I need to train in the school gym for two hours after school every day.
为了在足球比赛中表现出色，我需要每天放学后在学校体育馆训练两个小时。
3．Whenever I have time, I practice it over and over, which relaxes me very much.
只要有时间，我就会反复练习，这让我非常放松。
4．Volleyball has become my personal favorite, since it is great fun and a great form of exercise as well.
排球成了我的最爱，因为排球很有趣而且是一种很好的锻炼方式。
5．Sports have really improved my sense of happiness.
体育运动确实提高了我的幸福感。
6．I feel that I not only gain a well balanced life through sports, but also get more chances to be close to nature.
我觉得，通过体育运动，我不仅获得了平衡的生活，还获得了更多亲近大自然的机会。
※结尾常用句式
1．Taking exercise regularly can not only build up our body but also help us relieve stress.
定期锻炼不仅可以强身健体，而且可以帮助我们缓解压力。
2．Obviously, no one can deny the benefits of doing sport.
显然，没有人能否认做运动的好处。
3．It's time to take action to step away from TV and computers and engage in physical activity.
是时候采取行动远离电视和电脑并参加体育活动了。
体育锻炼对健康起着很重要的作用，很多人积极投身体育锻炼。请你以“My experience with sports”为题给校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1．接触过的运动；
2．这些运动带给你的改变。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My experience with sports
[精彩范文]
My experience with sports
Sports play an important part in our daily life. As for me, I've had different sports experiences, which contribute to what I am today.
My passion for basketball was from James Harden. It was his graceful moves and jumps that motivated me into basketball. I miss the days when I played basketball with my teammates. Training and matches shape me into someone more persistent and wiser. Another sport is swimming, which helps me stay healthy and in shape. I've been swimming for years. Every time I finish swimming, I feel refreshed and energetic.
All in all, my experiences with sports have aroused my potential and greatly impacted my life in many ways.
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was never a fast runner and thus I always didn't like running. Throughout my childhood, whenever we competed in the 50 meter run, the 400 meter, or any other type of race, I would finish in the bottom half. In my late teens, as a member of a baseball team, I was the slowest runner on the team. In the preseason training, I was always the one running by myself at the end.
Therefore, twenty years later, when I entered my first official running race—a 3，000 meter challenge in my city—at age 38, I certainly didn't expect to win or come close to winning.
I was there because my college friend Jim Hosek was the director of the race, and he asked me to run. The race was aimed at raising money for the unfortunate patients in a hospital and encouraging the patients and their families to be brave, determined, and confident with sportsmanship.
It was a heartwarming program. I wanted to support it, so I showed up, paid the entrance fee, had a number pinned (把……别住) on my back, and moved over to the starting line. There, I waited with about 300 other runners for the race to begin. I was nervous. Would I be the last one to finish a race again Could I even finish the race I wondered.
Before long, someone spoke into a microphone, “Anyone weighing over 200 pounds comes down to the scale (秤), please.” Knowing I was over 200 pounds, I walked down to the scale. A man told me to stand on it. “Two hundred and three pounds，” he said. Then he wrote down the race number that was on my back. Out of curiosity, I asked him why he did so, and then I was told there would be an award ceremony (仪式) after the race. One award was for the first finisher in the over 200 pound group, and this special award would be announced at the end of the ceremony.
Not expecting the award, I ran towards the starting line, never realizing there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Soon after, the race started. Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced.
5R解读故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
Jim__Hosek,__the author
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
I was never a fast__runner and thus I always didn't__like__running. But my college friend Jim Hosek invited me to attend a race which was aimed at raising__money for the unfortunate patients in a hospital. I agreed but I was nervous. Would I be the last one to finish a race again Could I even finish the race I wondered.
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
I didn't__like running—decided__to take part in the race—wondered whether I could finish the race—finished the race—won the medal unexpectedly.
5．Read for theme (主题)
A good heart can make things possible.
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
This__race__increased__my__love__for__running__and__my__confidence__in__myself.
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
Shortly__after__the__race,__the__award__ceremony__began__and__several__awards__were__presented.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. I was tired. But I stuck to it and finished the race with satisfaction．
第二段：
To my surprise,__my name was announced. Confused and excited,__I walked up to the winner's platform and was awarded a medal. Honestly, I was proud of myself.
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. Minutes later, I already felt__tired. However, to encourage those in need, I tried to show the best of me, without worrying about the result. I kept__moving__forward as fast as I could. After most runners finished the race, I finally made it to the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied.
第二段：
Confused and excited, I walked up to the winner's platform and was__awarded__a__medal. As the crowd cheered and clapped loudly, I felt__warmth in my heart. After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds. Although I only beat one person, Jim praised me for my determination, courage, and kindness. Honestly, I was__proud__of myself.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”不擅长跑步，也不喜欢这项运动。但是，在朋友的邀请下，“我”参加了为病人筹款的跑步比赛，比赛过程怎么样？“我”的成绩如何？
[精彩范文]
Soon after, the race started. While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. Minutes later, I already felt tired. However, to encourage those in need, I tried to show the best of me, without worrying about the result. I kept moving forward as fast as I could. After most runners finished the race, I finally made it to the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied. Shortly after the race, the award ceremony began and several awards were presented.
Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced. Confused and excited, I walked up to the winner's platform and was awarded a medal. As the crowd cheered and clapped loudly, I felt warmth in my heart. After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds. Although I only beat one person, Jim praised me for my determination, courage, and kindness. Honestly, I was proud of myself. This race increased my love for running and my confidence in myself.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1. 2. 3.
22(共96张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 3 On the move
单元主题：人与社会——体育运动与健康生活方式
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas (Reading & Writing) & Presenting ideas
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 硬核考点
3
课后课时作业
５
课堂作业 巩固内化
４
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词
1．________ n. 资料，数据
2．________ n. 哮喘(病)
3．________ n. 肺
4．_______ n. 大猩猩
5．______ 午前，上午
data
asthma
lung
gorilla
am
二、核心单词
1．________ n. 力量
2．__________ n. 人际关系网，联络网
3．_______ v. (持续而隐隐地)作痛
4．_________ v. 鼓舞，激励
5．__________ v. 说服，劝服
6．_____________ n. (尤指体育比赛中的)冠军，第一名
power
network
ache
inspire
persuade
champion
三、拓展单词(可查字典)
1．_________ v．理解，了解，解释→_____________ n. 解释；理解
2．_________ n. 紧张，焦虑→_______ adj. 紧张的，焦虑的
3．___________ v. 消失，不见→_____________ n. 消失
4．________ adj. 满是汗的，被汗水湿透的→_________ n. 汗水
5．__________ adj. (目标等)最终的→___________ adv. 最终，最后；根本上，最重要地
interpret
interpretation
tension
tense
disappear
disappearance
sweaty
sweat
ultimate
ultimately
四、熟词生义
label 熟义：n. _____________
生义：v. 给……贴标签
五、核心短语
_____________消失，绝迹，灭绝
标签，标记
die out
自主学习 课文语篇
1动词不定式短语作_____ ______，修饰名词________
2动名词作________
3引导___________从句
4动词不定式作___________
5动词不定式短语作_______
Running into a Better Life
跑出更好的生活
后置定语
课文三维剖析
This global site is a place for runners to share their stories1 about running2. So, if3 you are a runner with a story to tell4, get in touch—we'd love to hear from you5!
我们是一个让跑步者分享跑步故事的国际网站。所以，如果你是一个有故事要讲的跑步者，就联系我们吧——我们期待你的来信！
a place
宾语
条件状语
宾语补足语
宾语
6引导_____________从句
7引导________从句
8引导________从句
9引导_____________从句
10引导___________从句，意为“________”
Li Yue, 16, Beijing
I was born with asthma and I never thought I'd be a runner! I only joined my local athletics club because6 my doctor told me that7 in my particular case exercise could improve how8 my lungs work. But before9 I knew it, I was taking part in local races. As10 my fitness and my running improved, I started running in national competitions. This year I won silver in the under 18's 10，000 metres! And who knows, next year I could win gold！
原因状语
宾语
宾语
时间状语
时间状语
随着
李跃，16岁，北京
我生来就患有哮喘，所以我从没想过会成为一名跑步运动员！医生说对于我这种特殊情况，运动可以改善我的肺部功能，所以我才加入了本地的运动俱乐部。但是没过多久，我就开始参加本地的比赛了。随着身体状况的改善和跑步能力的提高，我开始参加全国跑步比赛。今年，我获得了青少年一万米长跑的银牌！说不准明年我能得金牌呢！
11过去分词短语作________
12动词不定式短语作__________
13引导______从句
14现在分词短语作______ ____，修饰名词__________
Sarah, 36, Montreal
Not so long ago, I didn't do any exercise—not even any jogging! Then I discovered an app called Running Power11. It lists your performance against other runners in your social network. At first, I kept running just to see my name12 in the top five. Soon, I found that13 I was not alone—I came across other runners in the same area running for the same purpose14! Now I no longer use the app, but I've fallen in love with running, and still do it with my running friends.
后置定语
目的状语
宾语
后置定语
runners
萨拉，36岁，蒙特利尔
就在不久前，我还什么运动也不做——甚至都不会去慢跑！后来我发现了一款名为“奔跑的力量”的应用软件，它会按照跑步的表现把你和你社交网络上的其他跑步者进行排名。起初，我坚持跑步只是为了看到自己能够进入前五名。很快，我发现不只是我有这样的目的——我遇到了和我住在同一区域且有着同样目的的其他跑步者！虽然现在我已经不再用这款应用软件了，但是我已经爱上了跑步，现在依然和我的“跑友”们一起跑步。
15引导________________从句
16动词不定式短语作_____________
17引导____________从句
David, 52, New York
As a computer engineer, there's always a new challenge just around the corner！It can be quite stressful at times, though, which15 in turn makes me feel anxious. To help deal with this16, I go running as often as I possibly can. Whether17 I'm at the gym or on the road, my nervous energy pushes me through mile one. By mile two, the tension has moved from my mind to my legs. By the end of the run, all my stress has disappeared and I'm ready to face the next day at work!
非限制性定语
目的状语
让步状语
戴维，52岁，纽约
作为一名计算机工程师，我常常要面临随时到来的新挑战！然而，有时候工作的压力是非常大的，这也相应地会让我感到焦虑。为了缓解焦虑，我会尽可能多地去跑步。无论在健身房还是在路上，跑第一英里的时候我还能感受到神经的紧张；跑第二英里的时候，这种紧张感就从大脑转移到了双腿；等我跑完全程，所有的压力都消失了，我又准备好迎接第二天的工作了！
18过去分词短语作________
19动词不定式短语作________
20动词不定式短语作________
21引导________从句
22现在分词短语作________
Grace, 25, Manchester
This year I entered the Great Gorilla Run in London. This is a programme run by The Gorilla Organization18to raise money19to save the world's last remaining gorillas from dying out20. Each runner receives a gorilla suit and off they go! It's a bit hot and sweaty inside the suit, and my legs ache，but it's a lot of fun. The funniest moment was when21 someone watching the race22 offered me a banana—a real treat for a running gorilla! I had a great day out in London, as well as helping to save gorillas！
后置定语
目的状语
目的状语
表语
后置定语
格雷丝，25岁，曼彻斯特
今年我在伦敦参加了大猩猩跑。这是一个由大猩猩保护组织举办的活动，目的是募集资金保护世界上仅存的大猩猩免于灭绝。每个跑步者会领到一套(仿)大猩猩(皮毛的)衣服，穿上就可以跑了！穿着这套衣服跑步感觉有点热，我出了很多汗，腿也跑酸了，但我还是觉得很开心。最有趣的时刻是看比赛的人递给了我一根香蕉——这对于奔跑的大猩猩来说真是一顿美餐！我在伦敦度过了愉快的一天，同时也为拯救大猩猩出了力！
一、阅读课文并填空
阅读领悟
athletics
races
national
silver
app
running
anxious
stress
programme
fun
二、问题链
1.How did Grace feel by helping to save gorillas
__________________________
2．What does the author show us through these stories
__________________________
Grace felt tired but happy.
Benefits from running.
合作探究 硬核考点
1．power n. 力量；权力；政权；能力；动力
v. 驱动，推动(教材P43)
→powerful adj. 强大的；有权势的
→powerless adj. 无力的；没有能力的
have the power to do sth 有权/能力做某事
in/within one's power 在某人能力范围之内
beyond/out of one's power 某人力所不能及
do everything/all in one's power (to do sth) 尽力而为(做某事)
be in power 执政
come to power (开始)掌权；上台执政
探究一 高频词
【语境感知】
①While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.
虽然对产品进行性别化定位可能是一种不错的营销策略，但这也可能会强化有关权力和身份的过时或有害观念。
②I have the power to make positive changes in my life.
我有能力对我的人生做出积极的改变。
③It seems that everything is in/within our monitor's power.
看起来好像一切都在我们班长的控制之下。
④I regret to tell you that your problems are beyond my power.
我很遗憾地告诉你，你的问题超出了我的能力范围。
【易混辨析】power/force/energy/strength
power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能，人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量、权力或动力
force 主要指自然界的力量、暴力、势力、说服力、压制力、法律、道德或感情的力量，军事的力量等
energy 主要指人的精力、工作或活动的能力、自然界的能量等
strength 指人或物所拥有的内在的力量，能用以从事、忍受或抵抗许多事物
“竭尽全力做某事”的表达还有：
(1)do/try one's best to do sth
(2)make every effort to do sth
(3)spare no effort to do sth
【靶向小练】
①Body language is one of the most ___________(power) means of communication.
②I'm afraid it's not __________ my power to get the work done in such a short time.
③The fact is that I want to help you, but it's _________________my power to do so.
④作为你最亲密的朋友，我将尽我最大的努力帮助你摆脱困境。
As your closest friend, I _____________________________________________to help you out of your trouble.
＝As your closest friend, I _________________________________to help you out of your trouble.
powerful
in/within
beyond/out of
will do/try my best/make every effort/spare no effort
will do everything/all in my power
2．inspire v．鼓舞，激励(教材P45)
→inspiration n. 激励；灵感；鼓舞；启示
→inspired adj. 得到灵感的；受到鼓舞的
→inspiring adj. 激励人心的；启发灵感的
inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
inspire sth in sb＝inspire sb with sth 激起/引起某人某种感情
【语境感知】
①Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist.
梦境可以成为艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。
②He inspired many young people to take up the sport.
他激励了许多年轻人从事体育运动。(人物介绍)
③The father inspired confidence in his son.
＝The father inspired his son with confidence.
这位父亲激发了他儿子的信心。
inspired意为“受到鼓舞的”，常用来修饰人；inspiring意为“令人鼓舞的，鼓舞人心的”，多用于修饰物。
【靶向小练】
①The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists _____________ (explore) the outer space.
②With ___________ (inspire) from other food cultures, American food culture can take a turn for the better.
③__________ by his ________words, they went on climbing the mountain.(inspire)
④父亲的一番话激起了我对学习的热爱。
What my father said _______________________________．
＝What my father said__________________________________.
to explore
inspiration
Inspired
inspiring
inspired a love of learning in me
inspired me with a love of learning
3．persuade v. 说服，劝服；使相信，使信服(教材P46)
→persuasion n. 说服；劝说
persuade sb to do sth＝persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do sth＝persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做某事
persuade sb of sth 使某人信服某事
persuade sb that ... 使某人相信……
【语境感知】
①Try to persuade him to come.
尽量劝他来。
②I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.
我经不住别人的劝说，参加了比赛。
③He must persuade his companion of his honesty.
他必须让他的同伴相信他是诚实的。
④It's no use trying to persuade him that you're innocent.
试图让他相信你无辜是没有用的。
【靶向小练】
①The first priority is to persuade the student ______ the disadvantages of unhealthy lifestyle.
②We only need one more player for this game—can you persuade your sister __________ (join) in
③我们必须使人们相信，它确实是有益的。
__________________________________________________
of
to join
We have to persuade people that it is actually of benefit.
4．disappear v. 消失，不见→_____________ n. 消失
【语境感知】
Many species of animals and plants have disappeared in the past decade, which makes us reflect on what it is that causes their disappearance.
在过去的十年里，许多动植物物种已经消失了，这使我们反思到底是什么导致了它们的消失。
探究二 拓展词
disappearance
【靶向小练】
①The _______________ (disappear) of the wolves had many unexpected results.
②她一走上台，紧张情绪便很快消失了。
Her nervousness __________________________________________．
disappearance
quickly disappeared once she went on stage
5．label [熟义]n. 标签，标记
[生义]v. _________________
【语境感知】
①I read the information on the label before deciding which book to buy.
在决定买哪本书之前，我先阅读了标签上的说明。
②Prior to his success, he was labeled as a fool.
在他成功之前，他被贴上了傻瓜的标签。
探究三 熟词生义
给……贴标签
【靶向小练】
①Each card is marked with the file name that shows the text of the log itself.汉意：____________ 同义词：____________
②我想我会买一件那种新款的T恤衫，它的正面和背面都有学校的标识。
I think I'll get one of those new T－shirts, _________________________________ ______________________
给……贴标
labelled
with the school's label on both the front and back
6．die out 消失，绝迹，灭绝(教材P44)
die其他常用搭配：
die of/from ... 死于……(die of表示死于身体内部因素；die from表示死于外部因素)
die down 逐渐变弱；平息
die away (声音)变弱；逐渐消失
be dying for/to do ... 渴望得到/做……
探究四 短语
【语境感知】
①To our sadness, many old good customs are gradually dying out.
让我们伤心的是，许多旧的好的习俗正在渐渐消失。(文化传承)
②With the living environment becoming worse and worse, many of the earth's species are dying out.
随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种濒临灭绝。(生态保护)
③400 people a year die of lung cancer on average.
平均每年有400人死于肺癌。
④The noise of the car died away in the distance.
汽车的声音消失在远方。
【靶向小练】
①Although the wind has died _________, the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.
②In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750，000 people died _____ hunger.
③London was a new world to me and I was dying _________ (find) out more about it for myself.
④你提到你愿意以教我英语作为回报，这正是我所渴望的。
You mentioned that you would like to teach English in return, which is exactly _____________________．
down
of
to find
what I am dying for
7．We're now training for national competitions and hope to be champions one day, but my ultimate goal is to be an ice hockey teacher and help people learn to play this game.(教材P46)
我们现在正在为全国比赛训练，希望有一天能成为冠军。但我的最终目标是成为一名冰球老师并帮助人们学会这项运动。
探究五 长难句分析
【分析】 句中的“to be an ice hockey teacher”和“help people learn to play this game”为连词and连接的两个动词不定式短语，作系动词is的表语。
(1)不定式短语作表语，对主语进行解释说明，一般表示具体的动作，特别是将来的动作
(2)若主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式往往省略to
【语境感知】
①My work is to clean the room and cook for them every day.
我的工作就是每天打扫房间并为他们做饭。
②The only thing that she wants to do now is (to) go for a holiday.
现在她唯一想做的事就是去度假。
【靶向小练】
①The next step is ___________ (make) sure that you know exactly what is required.
②What I love best now is ___________ (have) a relaxing holiday.
③我的愿望是长大后当一名医生。
__________________________________________
④我想要做的事是马上好好休息一下。
________________________________________________
to make
to have
My wish is to be a doctor when I grow up.
What I want to do is (to) have a good rest right away.
课堂作业 巩固内化
Ⅰ.写出单词
1．Remember to _____ (贴标签) each sample bottle clearly before the experiment.
2．My legs _________ (作痛) after I'd been walking all day.
3．He coughed a lot, which might be a sign of ________ (肺) problems.
4．The study was based on _______(数据) from 2，100 teenagers.
5．Our football team's _____________ (表现) in the championship game was disappointing.
6．It took him 10 years to become the world _____________ again.
label
ached
lung
data
performance
champion
7．I don't really enjoy the party, but it's a good opportunity to build up a social ____________．
8．My _______ for the weekend is to finish reading this challenging book.
9．The little girl was __________ when she saw the big, barking dog.
10．My grandparents always ________ us to fresh fruits from their garden when we visit.
network
goal
terrified
treat
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She reached out her hand to catch the ball, only __________ (have) it slip through her fingers.
2．He opened the door ____________ (find) a package on the doorstep.
3．The actors inspired the kids _______ their enthusiasm.
4．We fell ______ love with the peaceful countryside during our holiday.
5．There are many old trees in the park _______ (sit) under, providing shade on a hot summer day.
to have
to find
with
in
to sit
6．You have the power _________ (build) a happy and healthy life full of good habits!
7．How can we persuade them _______ accepting our views
8．Many people start their _________ (fit) journey in the new year.
9．__________ the mountain path is covered in snow or clear, hikers should always be prepared.
10．She is looking for a book __________ (read) during the journey.
to build
into
fitness
Whether
to read
Ⅲ.语段填词
1．The hiker panicked when his map____________. Its sudden _____________ left him lost in the dark forest. (disappear)
2．After an hour of intense exercise, he was __________ all over. He wiped the _________ off his face with a towel. (sweaty)
3．The professor tried to __________ the complex poem for his students. His _____________ made the poem much easier for the students to understand. (interpret)
disappeared
disappearance
sweaty
sweat
interpret
interpretation
4．There was a lot of __________ in the air before the exam started. The students looked very ________ as they waited for the test papers. (tense)
5．The ___________ aim of the protection project is to improve air quality. The team is working on promoting clean energy, and _____________ they believe they can make the air cleaner for everyone. (ultimate)
tension
tense
ultimate
ultimately
Ⅳ.翻译
1．The biggest advantage is that you ______________ (遇见) various characters in your work.
2．I'm feeling a little depressed at the moment, but I'm sure good times are just ___________________ (即将到来)．
3．We should try our best to __________________________________(保护这些动物免遭灭绝)．
come across
around the corner
protect the animals from dying out
4．他的讲话激励我们比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。(inspire sb to do sth)
____________________________________________________
5.这种疾病会逐渐地影响思维能力。(动词不定式作定语)
____________________________________________________
His speech inspired us to work harder than ever before.
The disease gradually affects the ability to think.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比0%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
“Don't get dirty！” was once often shouted by parents angrily watching their children ruin their best clothes. It was unavoidable that children's whites would turn brown before the day was over.
Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt. With the rise of city life, and the attraction of video games and social media, contact with nature is much less than in the past. For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy. According to recent research, the dirt outside is teeming with friendly microorganisms (微生物) that can train the immune (免疫的) system and build the body against illnesses, such as anxiety.
These findings show that outdoor exercise is not only beneficial because of the chance to run around freely—but that certain natural materials, such as soil and mud, also have powerful microorganisms which have a positive effect on children's health. Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences. For example, the act of rubbing and shaping materials like mud or sand can help children develop their senses and movement.
Such activities—away from the house or classroom—may also help children to find ways to deal with emotions that may be hard to explore in other environments. So called “Sandtray Therapy (沙盘疗法)”， which includes using sand to express one's thoughts and feelings, is an accepted form of guidance for children who are struggling to speak out their inner emotions.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了户外运动对孩子身心健康的诸多好处。
Surprisingly, people who spent most of their childhood in the countryside show a better response to stressful events like public speaking compared with those who grew up in cities. “The people who grew up in cities are kind of ‘walking__time__bombs’ when facing the stress we meet today. However, people who have spent lots of time in nature since childhood are generally stronger in recovery and more positive，” says Christopher Lowry, a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder.
1．What's the author's purpose of writing Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic. B．To share an opinion.
C．To tell a funny story. D．To describe characters.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Don't get dirty！’ ... the day was over.(‘别弄脏了！’看到孩子们弄脏自己最好的衣服，父母们曾经常常愤怒地喊出这句话。孩子们的白色衣服在一天结束之前就会变成棕色，这是不可避免的。)”以及第二段中的“Today, many parents ... than in the past. (现在，许多父母可能暗自希望他们的孩子有机会捡起一点泥土。随着城市生活的兴起，以及电子游戏和社交媒体的吸引，与大自然的接触比过去少了很多。)”可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引出话题。故选A。
2．What is a benefit of outdoor exercise
A．Gaining learning experiences.
B．Experiencing the inner emotions.
C．Changing the immune system.
D．Discovering more microorganisms.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences.”可知，户外运动的一个好处是获得学习体验。故选A。
3．What do the underlined words “walking time bombs” in the last paragraph mean
A．People who often arrive late.
B．People doing harm to the public.
C．People who are weak under stress.
D．People staying positive and powerful.
解析：词义猜测题。最后一段中的“The people who ... and more positive”是在比较在面对压力时，城市长大的人和从小在大自然中成长的人的不同表现，从小就在大自然中度过大量时间的人在面对压力时通常恢复能力更强，也更积极，那么反过来，在城市长大的人面对压力时恢复能力会更弱，所以变得脆弱。故画线短语意为“在压力下脆弱的人”。故选C。
4．In which part of a website can you find the text
A．Culture. B．Health.
C．Economy. D．Technology.
解析：推理判断题。文章主要介绍了户外运动对孩子身心健康的诸多好处，由此可推知，文章选自网站的“健康”部分。故选B。
Ⅱ 七选五
Is it bad to work out in cold weather __1__. With winter now, here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather.
Burn extra calories
In cold climates, your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm. Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature. When you're outside in the cold, brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature. __2__．
Help increase willpower
Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily, since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly. __3__. It may mean you can build willpower (毅力) more easily.
__4__
Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months. Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental (精神的) condition. They help give out more “feel good” chemicals, including serotonin and endorphins.
Help you sleep better
The combination of sunlight exposure (暴露) during the daytime, fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night. __5__. It is also called your “internal clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning.
Exercising in cold weather isn't for everyone, though. If you have any health problems, it is advisable to talk with your health care provider first.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在寒冷的天气下锻炼的好处。
A．Support heart health
B．Improve your mental health
C．It can make you take regular exercise
D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight
E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep wake cycle
F．As long as you take preventive measures, it is actually pretty beneficial
G．On the other hand, exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer
1．答案：F
解析：上文“Is it bad to work out in cold weather？”提出疑问，是否在寒冷的天气下锻炼不好，F项(只要你采取预防措施，它实际上是相当有益的)承接上文，对上文的问题作出回答。故选F。
2．答案：D
解析：根据上文“When you're outside ... increase body temperature.(当你在寒冷的户外时，棕色脂肪燃烧卡路里以提高体温。)”可知，D项(在这个过程中，它可能会帮助你减肥)承接上文。故选D。
3．答案：G
解析：上文“Working out in ... rate more rapidly.”描述高温下锻炼的弊端；G项(另一方面，在寒冷的天气中锻炼能让你锻炼得更持久)与上文形成对比，且与下文“It may mean you can build willpower (毅力) more easily.(这可能意味着你可以更容易建立意志力。)”构成因果关系。故选G。
4．答案：B
解析：设空处为本段小标题，根据下文“Exercising outside during ... the dark winter months.”可知，本段讲述冬季锻炼对心理健康的影响。B项(改善你的心理健康)概括本段内容，可作为本段小标题。故选B。
5．答案：E
解析：上文“The combination of sunlight ... sleep well at night.”提到白天锻炼有助于睡眠，由此可知，E项(阳光对控制你的睡眠周期很重要)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选E。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假设你校英文网站征集运动故事，鼓励学生参与体育运动。请以“My Sports Story”为题分享你的运动故事，内容包括：
1.你的爱好；
2.运动故事；
3.你的收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Sports Story
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
My Sports Story
Among all the sports I like swimming best. I fell in love with it quite by accident.
When I was younger, I never thought I would come across a drowning child needing my help. But I couldn't swim at that time. Although I was very nervous, I managed to pull him out of the river with a long stick. I thought if I could swim, I would have helped him more easily and quickly. From then on, I have paid special attention to swimming. Every afternoon, I go swimming and I always ask my PE teacher to instruct me to practice in a right way.
Now, besides swimming, I like football, basketball, running, cycling and so on. Sports help me keep healthy, happy, and energetic.
本单元的写作任务是写一篇体育故事。侧重记人的体育故事，以介绍人的生平事迹为重点；侧重叙事的体育故事，以叙述事情的发生、发展、经过、结果为重点。但是记人和叙事是分不开的，记人需要用具体事件来表现人物，而叙事的灵魂是事件中人物的所作所为。
单元写作
单元写作——写一篇体育故事
I used to be a healthy boy, but I fell into the habit of ________. Besides, I spent much time lying on the sofa, ________. As a result，I put on so much weight that ________. (运动缘由)
I felt so sorry ________ (思想转变). I took up a balanced and healthy diet as well as taking part in sports activities. I ________ (运动历程).
Several months later, I became as fit as before. If you are facing the same problem, ________ (号召运动).
※开头常用句式
1．When it comes to sports, I'd like to say that I like ... best.
说到体育运动，我想说我最喜欢……
2．Before I knew it, I took up swimming and I found it quite fun.
不知不觉中我开始游泳，并且发现游泳很有趣。
3．The first time I took part in jogging, I fell in love with the sport.
我第一次参加慢跑时，就爱上了这项运动。
※主体段落常用句式
1．Influenced by ..., I became interested in ...
受……影响，我对……产生了兴趣。
2．To perform well in the football game, I need to train in the school gym for two hours after school every day.
为了在足球比赛中表现出色，我需要每天放学后在学校体育馆训练两个小时。
3．Whenever I have time, I practice it over and over, which relaxes me very much.
只要有时间，我就会反复练习，这让我非常放松。
4．Volleyball has become my personal favorite, since it is great fun and a great form of exercise as well.
排球成了我的最爱，因为排球很有趣而且是一种很好的锻炼方式。
5．Sports have really improved my sense of happiness.
体育运动确实提高了我的幸福感。
6．I feel that I not only gain a well balanced life through sports, but also get more chances to be close to nature.
我觉得，通过体育运动，我不仅获得了平衡的生活，还获得了更多亲近大自然的机会。
※结尾常用句式
1．Taking exercise regularly can not only build up our body but also help us relieve stress.
定期锻炼不仅可以强身健体，而且可以帮助我们缓解压力。
2．Obviously, no one can deny the benefits of doing sport.
显然，没有人能否认做运动的好处。
3．It's time to take action to step away from TV and computers and engage in physical activity.
是时候采取行动远离电视和电脑并参加体育活动了。
体育锻炼对健康起着很重要的作用，很多人积极投身体育锻炼。请你以“My experience with sports”为题给校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1．接触过的运动；
2．这些运动带给你的改变。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My experience with sports
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
My experience with sports
Sports play an important part in our daily life. As for me, I've had different sports experiences, which contribute to what I am today.
My passion for basketball was from James Harden. It was his graceful moves and jumps that motivated me into basketball. I miss the days when I played basketball with my teammates. Training and matches shape me into someone more persistent and wiser. Another sport is swimming, which helps me stay healthy and in shape. I've been swimming for years. Every time I finish swimming, I feel refreshed and energetic.
All in all, my experiences with sports have aroused my potential and greatly impacted my life in many ways.
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was never a fast runner and thus I always didn't like running. Throughout my childhood, whenever we competed in the 50 meter run, the 400 meter, or any other type of race, I would finish in the bottom half. In my late teens, as a member of a baseball team, I was the slowest runner on the team. In the preseason training, I was always the one running by myself at the end.
Therefore, twenty years later, when I entered my first official running race—a 3，000 meter challenge in my city—at age 38, I certainly didn't expect to win or come close to winning.
I was there because my college friend Jim Hosek was the director of the race, and he asked me to run. The race was aimed at raising money for the unfortunate patients in a hospital and encouraging the patients and their families to be brave, determined, and confident with sportsmanship.
It was a heartwarming program. I wanted to support it, so I showed up, paid the entrance fee, had a number pinned (把……别住) on my back, and moved over to the starting line. There, I waited with about 300 other runners for the race to begin. I was nervous. Would I be the last one to finish a race again Could I even finish the race I wondered.
Before long, someone spoke into a microphone, “Anyone weighing over 200 pounds comes down to the scale (秤), please.” Knowing I was over 200 pounds, I walked down to the scale. A man told me to stand on it. “Two hundred and three pounds，” he said. Then he wrote down the race number that was on my back. Out of curiosity, I asked him why he did so, and then I was told there would be an award ceremony (仪式) after the race. One award was for the first finisher in the over 200 pound group, and this special award would be announced at the end of the ceremony.
Not expecting the award, I ran towards the starting line, never realizing there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Soon after, the race started. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
5R解读故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
___________, the author
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
I was never a __________ and thus I always ____________________. But my college friend Jim Hosek invited me to attend a race which was aimed at _____________ for the unfortunate patients in a hospital. I agreed but I was __________. Would I be the last one to finish a race again Could I even finish the race I wondered.
Jim Hosek
fast runner
didn't like running
raising money
nervous
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
I __________ running—__________ take part in the race—__________ whether I could finish the race—finished the race—won the medal ______________.
5．Read for theme (主题)
A good heart can make things possible.
didn't like
decided to
wondered
unexpectedly
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
____________________________________________________________
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
____________________________________________________________________
This race increased my love for running and my confidence in myself.
Shortly after the race, the award ceremony began and several awards were presented.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. I was ________. But I stuck to it and finished the race with __________．
第二段：
To my __________, my name was announced. __________ and __________, I walked up to the winner's platform and was awarded a medal. Honestly, I was __________ of myself.
tired
satisfaction
surprise
Confused
excited
proud
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. Minutes later, I already __________. However, to encourage those in need, I tried to show the best of me, without worrying about the result. I ________________________ as fast as I could. After most runners finished the race, I finally made it to the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied.
felt tired
kept moving forward
第二段：
Confused and excited, I walked up to the winner's platform and _________________ ___. As the crowd cheered and clapped loudly, I ____________ in my heart. After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds. Although I only beat one person, Jim __________ me for my determination, courage, and kindness. Honestly, I _________________ myself.
was awarded a medal
felt warmth
praised
was proud of
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”不擅长跑步，也不喜欢这项运动。但是，在朋友的邀请下，“我”参加了为病人筹款的跑步比赛，比赛过程怎么样？“我”的成绩如何？
[精彩范文]
Soon after, the race started. While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. Minutes later, I already felt tired. However, to encourage those in need, I tried to show the best of me, without worrying about the result. I kept moving forward as fast as I could. After most runners finished the race, I finally made it to the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied. Shortly after the race, the award ceremony began and several awards were presented.
Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced. Confused and excited, I walked up to the winner's platform and was awarded a medal. As the crowd cheered and clapped loudly, I felt warmth in my heart. After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds. Although I only beat one person, Jim praised me for my determination, courage, and kindness. Honestly, I was proud of myself. This race increased my love for running and my confidence in myself.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1.
2.
3.
