选必二U1 Science and Scientists 早读练习（1）
一、语境填词
The Story of Dr. Snow and the Cholera Outbreak
In 1854, London faced a terrible (1) cholera ( ) outbreak. Many people had (2) severe ( ) symptoms like (3) diarrhoea ( ), which often led to (4) dehydration ( ). Doctors felt (5) frustrated ( ) because they couldn’t (6) attend to ( ) all the sick effectively.
Dr. John Snow wanted to stop the outbreak (7) once and for all ( ). Back then, ideas about the cause were (8) contradictory ( ): some thought it was an (9) infection ( ) spread through air, but Snow (10) suspected ( ) dirty water was the problem.
He studied the cases and found a (11) link ( ) to a public (12) water pump ( ). When officials removed the pump’s (13) handle ( ), the number of new patients started to (14) decrease ( ). This was (15) proof ( ) that cholera spread through contaminated water, not air.
(16) Thanks to ( ) Snow’s work, we now use (17) epidemiology ( ) to study diseases. We also have (18) vaccines ( ) and clean water systems — changes that (19) transformed ( ) public health. Today, when we see a (20) rainbow ( ) after rain, we can feel safe knowing such outbreaks are far less common!
二、重点词汇翻译练习
请将括号内的英文词汇翻译成中文，并将其填入例句的横线上：
severe ( )
例句：The storm caused ______ damage to the village.（这场风暴对村庄造成了极为恶劣的破坏。）
attend to ( )
例句：Nurses need to ______ patients carefully in the hospital.（护士需要在医院里细心照料病人。）
proof ( )
例句：The police found ______ that he was at the crime scene.（警方找到了他在犯罪现场的证据。）
transform ( )
例句：The new park has ______ the old, dirty neighborhood.（新公园让这个老旧脏乱的街区彻底改观了。）
substantial ( )
例句：We received ______ support from local businesses.（我们得到了当地企业大量的支持。）
三、课文重点短语背诵与练习
attend to
释义：照料；处理
文中例句：...he even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.
once and for all
释义：彻底地；一劳永逸地
文中例句：he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
subscribe to
释义：认同（观点）；订阅
文中例句：Snow subscribed to the second theory.
be to blame
释义：应负责任；是问题的起因
文中例句：Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
as a result of
释义：由于；因为
文中例句：As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.
stop...in its tracks
释义：使……立刻停止；阻止……发展
文中例句：Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
重点短语填空练习
请从方框中选择合适的短语，填入下列句子的横线上（短语可重复使用）：
attend to / once and for all / subscribe to / be to blame / as a result of / stop...in its tracks
1.When Queen Victoria gave birth, Dr. John Snow was the doctor who ______ her.
2.Snow wanted to destroy cholera ______, so he started his investigation.
3.Most doctors thought bad air caused cholera, but Snow ______ the “germs in water” theory.
4. After finding the link between the pump and deaths, Snow believed the water pump ______.
5. ______ Snow’s evidence, officials agreed to remove the pump handle.
6.By removing the pump handle, the cholera outbreak was ______.选必二U1 Science and Scientists 早读练习（1）答案版本
一、语境填词
A Story of a Brilliant Astronomer
Alice was a (1) gifted (有天赋的) student who loved science. One day, she (2) came down with (患上) a cold but still went to the lecture about (3) astronomy (天文学). The speaker, a famous (4) astronomer (天文学家), talked about the (5) big bang theory (大爆炸宇宙论) — an (6) abstract (抽象的) but fascinating (7) concept (概念).
Alice found the lecture so (8) vivid (生动的) that she wanted to (9) participate in (参加) the school’s science club. To join, she needed a (10) qualification (资格) — so she asked a (11) tutor (导师) to help her prepare a (12) presentation (报告).
Her (13) ambitious (有野心的) goal was to study space one day. (14) Besides (除……之外还), she hoped to work at a lab like the (15) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (喷气推进实验室) in the future. With (16) steady (稳定的) effort, her dream might come true!
二、重点词汇翻译练习
请将括号内的英文词汇翻译成中文，并填入例句横线处：
gifted (有天赋的)
例句：The young pianist is so 有天赋的 that she won the national competition.（这位年轻钢琴家很有天赋，赢得了全国比赛。）
come down with (患上)
例句：I 患上 a fever yesterday, so I couldn’t go to school.（我昨天患上了发烧，所以没法去上学。）
abstract (抽象的)
例句：Some philosophical ideas are too 抽象的 for children to understand.（有些哲学概念太抽象，孩子理解不了。）
participate in (参加)
例句：We encourage all students to 参加 the sports meeting.（我们鼓励所有学生参加运动会。）
ambitious (有野心的)
例句：His 有野心的 plan is to climb the highest mountain in every continent.（他有野心的计划是攀登每个大洲的最高峰。）
三、课文重点短语填空练习
After returning to China, Qian Xuesen was put in charge of the country’s rocket and space programme.
The technology of China’s Shenzhou spacecraft can trace back to Qian’s early research.
Though he was ill, Qian didn’t hesitate to take on the difficult task of developing missiles.
Stephen Hawking came down with a serious disease when he was young, but he kept working.选必二U1 Science and Scientists 早读练习（2）
一、语境填词
A Story of a Brilliant Astronomer
Alice was a (1) gifted ( ) student who loved science. One day, she (2) came down with ( ) a cold but still went to the lecture about (3) astronomy ( ). The speaker, a famous (4) astronomer ( ), talked about the (5) big bang theory ( ) — an (6) abstract ( ) but fascinating (7) concept ( ).
Alice found the lecture so (8) vivid ( ) that she wanted to (9) participate in ( ) the school’s science club. To join, she needed a (10) qualification ( ) — so she asked a (11) tutor ( ) to help her prepare a (12) presentation ( ).
Her (13) ambitious ( ) goal was to study space one day. (14) Besides ( ), she hoped to work at a lab like the (15) Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( ) in the future. With (16) steady ( ) effort, her dream might come true!
二、重点词汇翻译练习
请将括号内的英文词汇翻译成中文，并填入例句横线处：
gifted ( )
例句：The young pianist is so ______ that she won the national competition.（这位年轻钢琴家很有天赋，赢得了全国比赛。）
come down with ( )
例句：I ______ a fever yesterday, so I couldn’t go to school.（我昨天患上了发烧，所以没法去上学。）
abstract ( )
例句：Some philosophical ideas are too ______ for children to understand.（有些哲学概念太抽象，孩子理解不了。）
participate in ( )
例句：We encourage all students to ______ the sports meeting.（我们鼓励所有学生参加运动会。）
ambitious ( )
例句：His ______ plan is to climb the highest mountain in every continent.（他有野心的计划是攀登每个大洲的最高峰。）
三、课文重点短语背诵与练习
take on
释义：承担（任务、挑战）
文中例句：Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge.
put in charge of
释义：负责；主管
文中例句：He was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.
trace back to
释义：追溯到；起源于
文中例句：Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecraft can also be traced back to Qian’s research.
come down with
释义：患上（疾病）
文中例句：Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles...
point out
释义：指出；点明
文中例句：Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths.
above all
释义：最重要的是；尤其是
文中例句：Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults.
课文重点短语填空练习
请从方框中选择合适的短语，填入横线处（短语可重复使用）：
take on / put in charge of / trace back to / come down with / point out / above all
After returning to China, Qian Xuesen was ______ the country’s rocket and space programme.
The technology of China’s Shenzhou spacecraft can ______ Qian’s early research.
Though he was ill, Qian didn’t hesitate to ______ the difficult task of developing missiles.
Stephen Hawking ______ a serious disease when he was young, but he kept working.
During the lecture, Hawking ______ that the professor had made a mistake in his calculation.
______, a great scientist needs the courage to admit their own faults.选必二U1 Science and Scientists 早读练习（1）答案版本
一、语境填词
The Story of Dr. Snow and the Cholera Outbreak
In 1854, London faced a terrible (1) cholera (霍乱) outbreak. Many people had (2) severe (极为恶劣的) symptoms like (3) diarrhoea (腹泻), which often led to (4) dehydration (脱水). Doctors felt (5) frustrated (懊恼的) because they couldn’t (6) attend to (照料) all the sick effectively.
Dr. John Snow wanted to stop the outbreak (7) once and for all (彻底地). Back then, ideas about the cause were (8) contradictory (相互矛盾的): some thought it was an (9) infection (感染) spread through air, but Snow (10) suspected (怀疑) dirty water was the problem.
He studied the cases and found a (11) link (联系) to a public (12) water pump (水泵). When officials removed the pump’s (13) handle (把手), the number of new patients started to (14) decrease (减少). This was (15) proof (证据) that cholera spread through contaminated water, not air.
Thanks to (幸亏) Snow’s work, we now use (17) epidemiology (流行病学) to study diseases. We also have (18) vaccines (疫苗) and clean water systems — changes that (19) transformed (使改观) public health. Today, when we see a (20) rainbow (彩虹) after rain, we can feel safe knowing such outbreaks are far less common!
二、重点词汇翻译练习
请将括号内的英文词汇翻译成中文，并将其填入例句的横线上：
1.severe (极为恶劣的)
例句：The storm caused 极为恶劣的 damage to the village.（这场风暴对村庄造成了极为恶劣的破坏。）
2.attend to (照料)
例句：Nurses need to 照料 patients carefully in the hospital.（护士需要在医院里细心照料病人。）
3.proof (证据)
例句：The police found 证据 that he was at the crime scene.（警方找到了他在犯罪现场的证据。）
4.transform (使改观)
例句：The new park has 使改观 the old, dirty neighborhood.（新公园让这个老旧脏乱的街区彻底改观了。）
5.substantial (大量的)
例句：We received 大量的 support from local businesses.（我们得到了当地企业大量的支持。）
三、重点短语填空练习
1.When Queen Victoria gave birth, Dr. John Snow was the doctor who attended to her.
2.Snow wanted to destroy cholera once and for all, so he started his investigation.
3.Most doctors thought bad air caused cholera, but Snow subscribed to the “germs in water” theory.
4.After finding the link between the pump and deaths, Snow believed the water pump was to blame.
5.As a result of Snow’s evidence, officials agreed to remove the pump handle.
6.By removing the pump handle, the cholera outbreak was stopped in its tracks.
