基于高考外刊源文设计单元主题作业
——XB2 Unit3 Food and Culture
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Vitamins and minerals are essential nutrients that our bodies cannot produce, so we must obtain them from food. Though only needed in small amounts, a balanced diet—rich in vegetables, fruits, grains, nuts, dairy, and fish—is the best way to get them. However, many people today rely on processed foods, which may lack these nutrients.
Research on the benefits of supplements is mixed. Taking too much of certain vitamins, such as vitamin D or A, can be harmful. For example, studies show that beta-carotene, an antioxidant, may increase lung cancer risk in smokers. This suggests that consuming more vitamins than necessary does not always improve health and may even cause harm.
Still, some groups can benefit from supplements. People with little sunlight exposure may need vitamin D, which studies link to lower cancer deaths and fewer autoimmune diseases. Older adults might take a daily multivitamin to reduce cancer risk and slow memory decline. Pregnant women are advised to take folic acid to prevent birth defects. Additionally, those who rarely eat fish could benefit from omega-3 supplements, and individuals with digestive disorders like Crohn’s disease may need extra nutrients.
For most people, a healthy diet remains the best strategy. Nutrients from food are better absorbed and come with added benefits, such as fiber. Supplements cannot replace a balanced diet but may help those with confirmed deficiencies or special needs.
1. What is the main reason people may lack essential vitamins and minerals
A. They do not exercise enough.
B. They rely too much on processed foods.
C. Their bodies produce fewer nutrients as they age.
D. They avoid taking supplements.
2. According to the passage, why can excessive vitamin intake be harmful
A. It may increase the risk of certain diseases.
B. It makes people dependent on supplements.
C. It reduces the effectiveness of other nutrients.
D. It leads to a loss of appetite.
3. Which group is specifically mentioned as benefiting from vitamin D supplements
A. Athletes
B. People with little sun exposure
C. Teenagers
D. Vegetarians
4. What is the author’s general recommendation regarding supplements
A. Everyone should take a daily multivitamin.
B. Supplements should replace unhealthy diets.
C. Healthy eating is better than relying on supplements.
D. High doses of vitamins are safe for most people.
正确答案和解析：
1. 答案：B解析：第一段最后一句 "However, many people today rely on processed foods, which may lack these nutrients."文章开头指出维生素和矿物质必须从食物中获取，随后通过转折词“However”强调，现代人依赖加工食品是导致营养素缺乏的主要原因，因为加工食品可能缺乏这些必需营养。
2. 答案：A解析：第二段第二、三句 "Taking too much of certain vitamins...can be harmful. For example, studies show that beta-carotene...may increase lung cancer risk in smokers."原文明确说明过量摄入某些维生素可能“有害”，并以β-胡萝卜素增加吸烟者肺癌风险为例，直接支持“可能增加特定疾病风险”这一结论。
3. 答案：B解析：第三段第二句 "People with little sunlight exposure may need vitamin D..."该句直接指出“日照不足的人群”可能需要补充维生素D，是文中唯一明确提及的维生素D补充剂适用群体。
4. 答案：C解析：末段首句 "For most people, a healthy diet remains the best strategy." 及末句 "Supplements cannot replace a balanced diet..."作者在结尾段明确强调对大多数人而言，健康饮食是“最佳策略”，且补充剂“不能替代均衡饮食”，由此推知作者的核心建议是健康饮食优于依赖补充剂。
B
A recent report suggests that by 2050, nearly everyone on Earth could have access to healthy and culturally appropriate food while also improving the environment. This can be achieved if countries work together to adopt a "planetary health diet"—a way of eating that benefits both people and the planet. According to the EAT-Lancet Commission, a group of global experts, this change could reduce greenhouse gas emissions from food production by more than half.
However, achieving this goal requires more than just healthy eating. Johan Rockstr m, co-chair of the commission, explains that reducing food waste and using sustainable farming methods are equally important. "We must produce food that is affordable and available to all. This is a major challenge," he said.
In 2019, the commission estimated that following the planetary health diet could prevent 11.6 million premature deaths annually by reducing diseases like diabetes and heart disease. Unfortunately, not everyone supports this idea. Some groups have spread misleading information, criticizing the report without scientific evidence.
To make this vision a reality, the commission suggests practical steps. For example, governments could shift subsidies from meat and dairy to healthier, eco-friendly foods like vegetables, fruits, and grains. This would make sustainable food choices more affordable for everyone.
1. What is the main purpose of the "planetary health diet"
A. To increase meat consumption for better nutrition.
B. To support only organic food production.
C. To reduce global population growth by 2050.
D. To provide healthy food while protecting the environment.
2. According to Johan Rockstr m, what is essential besides healthy eating
A. Increasing food prices for better quality.
B. Reducing food waste and using sustainable farming.
C. Stopping all meat production immediately.
D. Encouraging fast food consumption.
3. What was one reaction to the 2019 EAT-Lancet report
A. Many people immediately changed their diets.
B. Scientists rejected all the report’s suggestions.
C. Governments banned meat production.
D. Some groups spread false claims about the findings.
4. How could governments help make sustainable food more affordable
A. By increasing taxes on vegetables and fruits.
B. By giving financial support to meat and dairy industries.
C. By shifting subsidies from meat to plant-based foods.
D. By banning all processed foods.
正确答案和解析：
1. 答案：D解析：第一段第一句与第二句："...by 2050, nearly everyone on Earth could have access to healthy and culturally appropriate food while also improving the environment. This can be achieved if countries work together to adopt a 'planetary health diet'—a way of eating that benefits both people and the planet."原文明确指出"行星健康饮食"的目标是让人类获得健康食物"while also improving the environment"，并强调这种饮食方式"benefits both people and the planet"，即同时实现提供健康食品和保护环境的双重目的。
2. 答案：B解析：第二段第一句与第二句："However, achieving this goal requires more than just healthy eating. Johan Rockstr m...explains that reducing food waste and using sustainable farming methods are equally important."原文通过"more than just healthy eating"引出除了健康饮食外，还需要"reducing food waste and using sustainable farming methods"，这些是实现目标同等重要的因素。
3. 答案：D解析：第三段最后一句："Unfortunately, not everyone supports this idea. Some groups have spread misleading information, criticizing the report without scientific evidence."原文明确提到"some groups have spread misleading information"，即一些团体散布误导性信息，这与"spread false claims about the findings"相对应。
4. 答案：C解析：最后一段第二句："For example, governments could shift subsidies from meat and dairy to healthier, eco-friendly foods like vegetables, fruits, and grains. This would make sustainable food choices more affordable for everyone."原文明确说明政府可以通过"shift subsidies from meat and dairy to healthier, eco-friendly foods"来使可持续食品更加实惠，这与选项C完全一致。
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Miss Fathergill used to jog down to my mailbox, a (1)______ three houses from hers, turn, and hop to (2)______ , her Einstein-like curl of lightening white hair fluttering in the wind. I’d (3)______ to her from my window, then go back to my paperwork. I was always too (4)______ to chat, what with my teaching preparations that were (5)______ on my to-do list then.
One day, long after Miss Fathergill had (6)______, I noticed a pale chihuahua (7)______ enthusiastically toward me. I wondered briefly if it was Miss Fathergill in a new (8)______. There was something familiar about the dog’s eager (9)______. I tried to (10)______ him off, but he was persistent.
Worried he might get (11)______ on the busy road downhill, I recalled a couple across the street had a dog that often (12)______ at me from their window. (13)______ this was their pet, I knocked on their door. A woman answered, but to my shock, she was holding a chihuahua—not the one at my feet.
"That’s not my dog!" she as the little explorer (14)______ inside. Embarrassed, I froze. Her partner, "Babe," sleepily entered the hallway, (15)______ me, and yawned, "Don’t know her."
1. A. full B. mere C. same D. next
2. A. home B. school C. work D. park
3. A. shout B. point C. smile D. wave
4. A. tired B. shy C. busy D. nervous
5. A. first B. last C. forgotten D. delayed
6. A. left B. returned C. retired D. passed away
7. A. running B. shouting C. trembling D. sleeping
8. A. shape B. outfit C. form D. idea
9. A. skin B. tail C. pace D. fur
10. A. push B. shake C. ignore D. scold
11. A. lost B. hit C. stolen D. caught
12. A. stared B. jumped C. barked D. howled
13. A. Proving B. Assuming C. Denying D. Remembering
14. A. looked B. fell C. dashed D. turned
15. A. glanced at B. smiled at C. shouted at D. pointed at
答案及解析：
1. B. mere解析：此处需要一个词表示距离或数量上的“仅仅、只有”。"mere"（仅仅）符合语境，说明邮箱离她的房子只有三户之隔。A. full（完全的）、C. same（相同的）、D. next（下一个）均不符合逻辑。
2. A. home解析：Miss Fathergill 是“慢跑（jog）到邮箱，然后转身回家”，"home" 最符合动作逻辑。B. school（学校）、C. work（工作）、D. park（公园）与日常慢跑路线不符。
3. D. wave解析：从窗口向人打招呼最自然的动作是“挥手（wave）”。A. shout（喊叫，不礼貌）、B. point（指向，不礼貌）、C. smile（微笑，但不如wave明确）。
4. C. busy解析：后文提到“忙于（too __ to chat）”教学准备工作，"busy" 最贴合。A. tired（疲惫）、B. shy（害羞）、D. nervous（紧张）与教学准备工作无直接关联。
5. A. first解析：“teaching preparations were __ on my to-do list” 暗示任务优先级，"first"（首要的）最合理。B. last（最后的）、C. forgotten（被遗忘的）、D. delayed（延迟的）不符合语境。
6. D. passed away解析：后文提到狗可能是 Miss Fathergill “新的形态（new form）”，暗示她已去世，故选 "passed away"。 ：A. left（离开）、B. returned（返回）、C. retired（退休）无此暗示。
7. A. running解析：狗“热情地朝我奔来”需用 "running"。B. shouting（狗不会叫喊）、C. trembling（颤抖，与enthusiastically矛盾）、D. sleeping（睡觉，不合逻辑）。
8. C. form解析：怀疑狗是 Miss Fathergill 的“新形态（new form）”，呼应前文她已去世的暗示。A. shape（形状，无转世意味）、B. outfit（服装，狗无服装）、D. idea（想法，不相关）。
9. C. pace解析：狗的“急切步伐（eager pace）”与后文“persistent（执着）”呼应。A. skin（皮肤，不相关）、B. tail（尾巴，未提及）、D. fur（毛发，不如pace贴切）。
10. D. scold解析：后文提到狗很“persistent（执着）”，说明作者试图用语言（如责骂）驱赶它，而非肢体动作。A. push off（推开）B. shake off（甩开），C. ignore（忽略）。
11. B. hit解析：担心狗在繁忙的路上“被撞（get hit）”。A. lost（迷路，不如hit紧急）、C. stolen（被偷，不相关）、D. caught（被抓，无紧迫性）。
12. C. barked解析：狗通常从窗口“吠叫（bark）”。：A. stared（凝视，无声）、B. jumped（跳跃，未提及）、D. growled（低吼，不热情）。
13. B. Assuming解析：“Assuming（假设）这是他们的宠物”是合理推断。A. Proving（证明，尚未确认）、C. Denying（否认，矛盾）、D. Remembering（记得，无依据）。
14. C. dashed解析：小狗“冲进（dashed inside）”屋内，体现动作迅速。A. looked（看，无动作）、B. fell（摔倒，非主动）、D. turned（转身，不紧迫）。
15. A. glanced at解析：半睡半醒的人“瞥了一眼（glanced at）”最自然。B. smiled at（微笑，与“Don’t know her”矛盾）、C. shouted at（大喊，不礼貌）、D. pointed at（指向，无必要）。
写作
学校英语俱乐部计划举办“跨文化饮食节”主题演讲比赛。请你以“传统饮食是否应坚守原味？”为题，写一篇英文演讲稿。内容需包括：
你的明确观点；
阐述支撑你观点的理由。
注意：
词数控制在80个左右；
2. 演讲稿格式正确，逻辑清晰。
参考范文：
Should Traditional Cuisine Stay Authentic
I firmly believe that traditional cuisine should preserve its authentic flavors while embracing appropriate innovation.
Firstly, authentic dishes carry cultural identity and historical significance, offering a genuine taste of our heritage. Secondly, traditional cooking methods and recipes are valuable cultural assets that deserve protection. However, minor adaptations using local ingredients can make traditional dishes more accessible without compromising their essence.
In conclusion, while maintaining core traditions, reasonable evolution helps culinary culture stay relevant and appreciated by wider audiences.基于高考外刊源文设计单元主题作业
——XB2 Unit3 Food and Culture
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Vitamins and minerals are essential nutrients that our bodies cannot produce, so we must obtain them from food. Though only needed in small amounts, a balanced diet—rich in vegetables, fruits, grains, nuts, dairy, and fish—is the best way to get them. However, many people today rely on processed foods, which may lack these nutrients.
Research on the benefits of supplements is mixed. Taking too much of certain vitamins, such as vitamin D or A, can be harmful. For example, studies show that beta-carotene, an antioxidant, may increase lung cancer risk in smokers. This suggests that consuming more vitamins than necessary does not always improve health and may even cause harm.
Still, some groups can benefit from supplements. People with little sunlight exposure may need vitamin D, which studies link to lower cancer deaths and fewer autoimmune diseases. Older adults might take a daily multivitamin to reduce cancer risk and slow memory decline. Pregnant women are advised to take folic acid to prevent birth defects. Additionally, those who rarely eat fish could benefit from omega-3 supplements, and individuals with digestive disorders like Crohn’s disease may need extra nutrients.
For most people, a healthy diet remains the best strategy. Nutrients from food are better absorbed and come with added benefits, such as fiber. Supplements cannot replace a balanced diet but may help those with confirmed deficiencies or special needs.
1. What is the main reason people may lack essential vitamins and minerals
A. They do not exercise enough.
B. They rely too much on processed foods.
C. Their bodies produce fewer nutrients as they age.
D. They avoid taking supplements.
2. According to the passage, why can excessive vitamin intake be harmful
A. It may increase the risk of certain diseases.
B. It makes people dependent on supplements.
C. It reduces the effectiveness of other nutrients.
D. It leads to a loss of appetite.
3. Which group is specifically mentioned as benefiting from vitamin D supplements
A. Athletes
B. People with little sun exposure
C. Teenagers
D. Vegetarians
4. What is the author’s general recommendation regarding supplements
A. Everyone should take a daily multivitamin.
B. Supplements should replace unhealthy diets.
C. Healthy eating is better than relying on supplements.
D. High doses of vitamins are safe for most people.
B
A recent report suggests that by 2050, nearly everyone on Earth could have access to healthy and culturally appropriate food while also improving the environment. This can be achieved if countries work together to adopt a "planetary health diet"—a way of eating that benefits both people and the planet. According to the EAT-Lancet Commission, a group of global experts, this change could reduce greenhouse gas emissions from food production by more than half.
However, achieving this goal requires more than just healthy eating. Johan Rockstr m, co-chair of the commission, explains that reducing food waste and using sustainable farming methods are equally important. "We must produce food that is affordable and available to all. This is a major challenge," he said.
In 2019, the commission estimated that following the planetary health diet could prevent 11.6 million premature deaths annually by reducing diseases like diabetes and heart disease. Unfortunately, not everyone supports this idea. Some groups have spread misleading information, criticizing the report without scientific evidence.
To make this vision a reality, the commission suggests practical steps. For example, governments could shift subsidies from meat and dairy to healthier, eco-friendly foods like vegetables, fruits, and grains. This would make sustainable food choices more affordable for everyone.
1. What is the main purpose of the "planetary health diet"
A. To increase meat consumption for better nutrition.
B. To support only organic food production.
C. To reduce global population growth by 2050.
D. To provide healthy food while protecting the environment.
2. According to Johan Rockstr m, what is essential besides healthy eating
A. Increasing food prices for better quality.
B. Reducing food waste and using sustainable farming.
C. Stopping all meat production immediately.
D. Encouraging fast food consumption.
3. What was one reaction to the 2019 EAT-Lancet report
A. Many people immediately changed their diets.
B. Scientists rejected all the report’s suggestions.
C. Governments banned meat production.
D. Some groups spread false claims about the findings.
4. How could governments help make sustainable food more affordable
A. By increasing taxes on vegetables and fruits.
B. By giving financial support to meat and dairy industries.
C. By shifting subsidies from meat to plant-based foods.
D. By banning all processed foods.
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Miss Fathergill used to jog down to my mailbox, a (1)______ three houses from hers, turn, and hop to (2)______ , her Einstein-like curl of lightening white hair fluttering in the wind. I’d (3)______ to her from my window, then go back to my paperwork. I was always too (4)______ to chat, what with my teaching preparations that were (5)______ on my to-do list then.
One day, long after Miss Fathergill had (6)______, I noticed a pale chihuahua (7)______ enthusiastically toward me. I wondered briefly if it was Miss Fathergill in a new (8)______. There was something familiar about the dog’s eager (9)______. I tried to (10)______ him off, but he was persistent.
Worried he might get (11)______ on the busy road downhill, I recalled a couple across the street had a dog that often (12)______ at me from their window. (13)______ this was their pet, I knocked on their door. A woman answered, but to my shock, she was holding a chihuahua—not the one at my feet.
"That’s not my dog!" she as the little explorer (14)______ inside. Embarrassed, I froze. Her partner, "Babe," sleepily entered the hallway, (15)______ me, and yawned, "Don’t know her."
1. A. full B. mere C. same D. next
2. A. home B. school C. work D. park
3. A. shout B. point C. smile D. wave
4. A. tired B. shy C. busy D. nervous
5. A. first B. last C. forgotten D. delayed
6. A. left B. returned C. retired D. passed away
7. A. running B. shouting C. trembling D. sleeping
8. A. shape B. outfit C. form D. idea
9. A. skin B. tail C. pace D. fur
10. A. push B. shake C. ignore D. scold
11. A. lost B. hit C. stolen D. caught
12. A. stared B. jumped C. barked D. howled
13. A. Proving B. Assuming C. Denying D. Remembering
14. A. looked B. fell C. dashed D. turned
15. A. glanced at B. smiled at C. shouted at D. pointed at
写作
学校英语俱乐部计划举办“跨文化饮食节”主题演讲比赛。请你以“传统饮食是否应坚守原味？”为题，写一篇英文演讲稿。内容需包括：
你的明确观点；
阐述支撑你观点的理由。
注意：
词数控制在80个左右；
2. 演讲稿格式正确，逻辑清晰。
