Unit4 Adversity and Courage单元知识点精编(讲义)-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册

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名称 Unit4 Adversity and Courage单元知识点精编(讲义)-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册
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更新时间 2025-11-20 00:00:00

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高中选择性必修三英语
Unit4单元知识点精编
Unit4: Adversity and Courage(逆境与勇气)
核心单词(必掌握)
1. adversity(n. 逆境~困境)
指生活中遇到的困难、不幸或挑战。
Facing adversity bravely can make us become stronger.
勇敢面对逆境能让我们变得更强大。
2. courage(n. 勇气~胆量)
指面对危险、困难时不退缩的精神。
It takes great courage to admit our mistakes in front of classmates.
在同学面前承认错误需要很大的勇气。
3. perseverance(n. 毅力~坚持不懈)
指长期坚持、不轻易放弃的品质。
Her perseverance in learning English helped her pass the exam.
她学习英语的毅力帮助她通过了考试。
4. overcome(v. 克服~战胜)
指成功应对困难、障碍或不良情绪。
We need to overcome our laziness to finish homework on time.
我们需要克服懒惰,按时完成作业。
5. obstacle(n. 障碍~阻碍)
指影响前进或成功的人或事物。
Lack of self
confidence is a big obstacle to our growth.
缺乏自信是我们成长路上的一大障碍。
6. hardship(n. 艰辛~苦难)
指生活或经历中遇到的艰难困苦。
His parents experienced many hardships when they were young.
他的父母年轻时经历了许多艰辛。
7. resilience(n. 韧性~适应力)
指从挫折中恢复、快速适应的能力。
Teenagers should develop resilience to face study pressures.
青少年应该培养韧性来面对学习压力。
8. desperate(adj. 绝望的~急切的)
形容因困境而失去希望或极度渴望的状态。
He felt desperate when he couldn't finish the group project on time.
当他无法按时完成小组项目时,感到很绝望。
核心短语(必掌握)
1. give up(放弃~戒除)
指停止努力、不再尝试或放弃某种习惯。
Never give up your dream even if you meet many difficulties.
即使遇到很多困难,也永远不要放弃梦想。
2. lose heart(丧失信心~灰心)
指因挫折而失去勇气和信心。
Don't lose heart when you fail an exam; try harder next time.
考试失败时不要灰心,下次再努力。
3. in the face of(面对~在……面前)
指在某种情况或困难面前。
In the face of challenges, we should stay calm and think carefully.
面对挑战时,我们应该保持冷静,仔细思考。
4. be stranded(被困~滞留)
指因某种原因无法离开、陷入困境。
We were stranded in the library by the sudden heavy rain.
突如其来的大雨让我们被困在了图书馆。
5. struggle for(为……而奋斗~争取)
指为实现目标或获得某物而努力拼搏。
All students struggle for better grades through hard work.
所有学生都通过努力学习为更好的成绩而奋斗。
6. pull through(渡过难关~恢复健康)
指成功摆脱困境或身体康复。
With the help of teachers and classmates, she pulled through the difficult time.
在老师和同学的帮助下,她渡过了那段艰难的时光。
7. look forward to(盼望~期待)
指对未来的事物充满期待,to后接名词或动名词。
We are looking forward to the school sports meeting next month.
我们期待着下个月的学校运动会。
8. play a part in(在……中起作用~参与)
指在某事中发挥作用或参与其中。
Everyone can play a part in helping classmates in trouble.
每个人都能在帮助有困难的同学方面发挥作用。
重点句型(必掌握)
1. “no matter + 疑问词”引导让步状语从句
结构:No matter + what/who/how等 + 从句,主句,表示“无论……都……”。
No matter how hard the math problem is, we won't give up trying to solve it.
无论这道数学题有多难,我们都不会放弃尝试解答。
2. “It was...that...”强调句
结构:It was + 被强调部分(主语/宾语/状语)+ that + 其他成分,用于突出强调某个部分。
It was her courage that helped her win the speech competition.
正是她的勇气帮助她赢得了演讲比赛。
核心语法(必掌握)
宾语从句(Object Clause)
从句充当句子宾语,常跟在动词、介词或形容词后,重点注意时态呼应规则。
1. 时态呼应 主句为过去时态时,从句需用相应过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时等)。
She said that she was preparing for the English exam that night.
她说她那天晚上正在准备英语考试。
I didn't know that they had finished the group project already.
我不知道他们已经完成了小组项目。
2. 时态不变的例外 当从句表达客观真理、自然现象或永恒事实时,无论主句时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。
Our physics teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
我们的物理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
小练习 用“pull through”和“强调句”分别造句,结合学习或同学互助场景。
答案:
1. With his friend's encouragement, he pulled through the difficult period of learning chemistry.
2. It was the help from classmates that made him finish the difficult homework on time.